Private house 

Do-it-yourself warming of a frame house in stages. Insulation of a frame house - how to protect your home from the cold yourself? Ways to insulate a frame house

To keep warm and cozy in your home in winter time, it is necessary to make good thermal insulation of the outer walls. As a result, the percentage of heat loss should be significantly reduced, and the air temperature will be more stable even in hard frost. If you want to insulate the walls frame house with your own hands, then select the appropriate material that will suit your characteristics, and then proceed with the installation work.

Insulation in houses is installed not only in order to better protect the room from freezing. This measure creates a different microclimate in the apartment. Using quality materials for thermal insulation, you can prevent the appearance of dampness in the house. Therefore, in the rooms, the probability of the appearance of fungus or mold on the walls is practically excluded. Installed insulation from the inside of the room will be able to prevent the accumulation of condensate on the walls.

Of course, properly made thermal insulation in your home will allow you to maintain comfortable living conditions throughout the cold season. If you are growing houseplants, then this will be an additional plus and a guarantee that they will not die during severe frosts.

Proper installation of insulation according to technology can increase the service life of the main structures of the house, and other elements. For example, freezing of walls can affect the quality and timing of adhesion of adhesive solutions, plaster, etc. When the wall freezes, their structure is disturbed, so the wallpaper may begin to lag behind the walls, and the putty may crack.

Video "How to properly insulate"

From the video you will learn how to properly insulate the house.

Materials for thermal protection

Today, as a heater for the house, a wide variety of materials are used, which differ in characteristics. When making thermal insulation with your own hands from the inside of the house, pay attention to the following parameters:

  • safety for human health (allergy is possible);
  • fire resistance;
  • density;
  • resistance to temperature extremes and moisture;
  • ease of processing and fastening;
  • tendency to deformation;
  • average service life;
  • low level of thermal conductivity;
  • ratio of quality and price.

These criteria should be decisive when choosing a building material for warming the room from the inside.

Among the most common means for thermal protection equipment, one can find mineral wool, extruded polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam. One of these options will be optimal solution if you want to do all the work yourself.

In some situations, sawdust and expanded clay can be used. They are suitable for warming the basement, cellar and similar premises. Sometimes they are used by gardeners in greenhouses for thermal insulation for the winter or as drainage.

Types of mineral wool

Mineral wool has become the most common insulation due to the combination of all positive qualities. This material can have several compositions, where the base and its density change.

There are three types of mineral wool: slag, basalt and glass. Among them, glass wool has gained great popularity. It is convenient because it comes in a convenient form. Production technologies produce compressed blocks and slabs at the output, which have a sufficiently large thickness.

When you plan to carry out the installation of thermal insulation from the inside with your own hands, you must immediately calculate the required thickness of glass wool. You can immediately buy suitable rolls and during operation you will not need to cut extra pieces.

When insulating floors with mineral wool, it is better to take slabs with a thickness that will approximately match the wooden frame at the base. The plates are perfect for thermal insulation equipment in the attic or attic.

Insulated frame house structures

When you start laying insulation with your own hands from inside the house, you need to remember that such work requires compliance with technology. Otherwise, these measures will not give the expected result. First you need to determine which structure will be insulated, and then prepare.

If you follow the technology, then without any problems you can arrange thermal insulation in a frame house with your own hands. Laying can be done on the floor, walls, ceiling of the attic or attic. Mineral wool is used for insulation from the inside, it is not suitable for external fastening.

In a situation where the equipped insulation from the inside gives a poor result, then additional insulation can be done outside the house. Styrofoam and special adhesive bases are already used here. Thus, a two-layer insulation is created.

Wall insulation

If you make thermal protection with your own hands from the inside, then it is better to learn more about the technology of laying building material. Usually the insulation is placed between the wall and the sheathing. It is best to make a wooden crate that will be fixed to the wall. It is very easy to use, and installation can be divided into several stages.

If you want to make simple thermal insulation from the inside, then it will be enough to install one crate. This technology involves laying one layer of mineral wool (or other insulation) into empty grooves, and then everything is sewn up with lining - clapboard, drywall, etc.

It is best to use a multilayer type of thermal insulation. For this, interior decoration is carried out. After that, a vapor barrier layer is laid and fixed to protect the surface from the accumulation of condensate. Then the first crate is made, it carries the greatest load, therefore wooden bars must be of great thickness, and the type of wood with a high density. You should not take pine or spruce, it is best to use beech, ash for crates. Oak is very expensive and difficult to process, so this will be an extra problem.

After taking measurements, you can begin to install a wooden crate. The technology is simple - vertical crossbars are installed in increments of 50 to 70 centimeters. The thickness of the beam should not be too large, since this design affects the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, and it is not necessary to lay too much glass wool, since quality does not always depend on quantity. For strength, horizontal strips are also made, it is best to mount them under the ceiling and slightly above the floor.

After installation wooden frame mineral wool is covered in the grooves. When the insulation is in place, you can put a superdiffusion membrane in a thin layer. Then a second crate is made on top with wooden planks with a small thickness. They are attached to the first with the help of special wood screws. At the final stage, the facing material is fixed, which completely hides the multilayer insulation.

Floor insulation

In a wooden frame house, floors are often made along the beams. When arranging thermal insulation, insulation boards are laid between the supporting structures of the main floors. You can use roll materials, but for their spreading, preliminary installation of the lower crate or solid flooring will be required. If everything is done correctly, then you can significantly reduce the percentage of heat loss in the house.

When insulating with mineral wool in the form of rigid slabs, it is better to take the step of wooden floor beams so that about 570-580 mm remain clean between them. This will ensure maximum convenience. installation work with plates 600 mm wide and complete filling of the space with heat-insulating material. Rigid boards have a high density, unlike soft mineral wool. Due to the density, all dimensions must be more accurate, since extra millimeters cannot be pressed under the cladding.

Installation of pitched roof insulation has the same principle as that of other structures. Instead of a crate, you need to properly make a truss system, as well as add a waterproofing and vapor barrier layer to prevent moisture from entering the insulation.

If the house is just being built, then the roof will need to be laid last, as this will greatly facilitate the work - the roof slope is at a large angle and getting to all the right places becomes a problem. After the roof, the lining from the inside is already being done.

Frame houses are deservedly considered healthy housing, since the main material of such houses is wood, which does not lose its relevance from year to year. frame construction popular and developed in many construction companies, as well as in the private sector.

Frame house - perfect option affordable and attractive housing, and more than 20% of construction is now underway. The cost of materials and work on the construction of a frame house starts from 300-500 thousand rubles, which is much less than the cost of a small but full-fledged apartment. Even in such an inexpensive frame house, you can create comfortable living conditions, not only with the help of decoration, but also by creating proper insulation frame house.

Frame house insulation

After the construction of the main structure, the creation of thermal insulation is the first thing to do. It is very important to choose the right type of insulation for a frame house.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam is the most common and cheap option to execute step-by-step warming frame house. This material is easy to transport, but it is fragile and can break. The disadvantages of polystyrene include its fire hazard and the release of harmful substances during combustion, and even just when the temperature rises.

The frame is sheathed with foam.

Insulation of a frame house with polystyrene foam is most often done due to low thermal conductivity, and this characteristic is the most important for a heater. Also, when insulating the walls of a frame house with foam, you can save a lot on thermal insulation work and do it yourself. When installing foam, you do not need to do a vapor barrier.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is an excellent sound insulator and heat insulator, the most fireproof material for insulating a frame house with your own hands. However, it can absorb moisture quite well, deteriorate under its influence, crack and collapse.

Insulation of a frame house is used with the obligatory installation of a vapor barrier, which is made from a special waterproof film. The joints of the film are overlapped and glued with reinforced tape or a special adhesive film.

Basalt wool Izover.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a heater:

  • Thermal conductivity.
  • Fire resistance.
  • Frost resistance.
  • Noise isolation.
  • Lifetime.
  • Ease of installation when insulating a frame house with your own hands.

On a note

It is better to take the warming of a frame house with mineral wool in the form of plates, not rolls, because breaks and damage will be excluded.

Other types of insulation

  1. Ecowool is a high-tech material in which there is no possibility for rodents and insects to live. The material is ideal for insulating a frame house from the inside in terms of its characteristics, its only drawback is the rather high cost of both the material and the procedure for its installation.
  2. - expanded clay, slag, sawdust. A good insulation, which is currently more used on flat surfaces. It is possible to insulate the roof and floor of a frame house with the mandatory use of waterproofing, as it often gets wet, settles and needs to be replaced.
  3. Glassine is a thick paper treated with bitumen. Excellent moisture insulator, perfectly saves from the wind.
  4. Polyurethane foam is a good material that has a number of significant disadvantages - it is afraid of direct sunlight, high-cost insulation of a frame house from the outside.
  5. Penoplex - it includes extruded polystyrene foam. Penoplex is produced with rectangular slabs of different thicknesses from 20 to 100 mm. Insulation of a frame house with penoplex is justified by the fact that the material does not emit harmful substances. Like polystyrene, it does not conduct heat well, but it is much stronger and easy to process.

Mineral wool.

Insulation of the walls of the frame house is carried out after the construction power frame and placing it under the roof. This procedure is due to the preservation of materials from getting wet. Especially if cotton wool heaters are used, which lose their heat-saving properties when water enters.

The video of the frame house insulation shows that mineral wool can also be installed with the internal insulation of the frame house. In the future, the insulation boards are closed with OSB or clapboard. Additional insulation of a frame house made from the inside takes up part of the usable area.

Before carrying out measures to strengthen the walls of a frame house, it is necessary to carry out a “general cleaning”, clean all the beams and niches inside the frame of the house. Seal joints and cracks mounting foam.

Cross insulation

AT modern construction houses, cross-insulation of a frame house from the outside is popular. This method of insulation helps to get rid of cold bridges that occur at the points of contact between the insulation and the wooden frame. Also, wood itself is a bridge of cold.


Vertical cross cladding.

The usual thickness of the frame house insulation is 150 mm, which is placed between the frame posts. The insulation is used in the form of plates, while its width should be one cm larger than the distance between the posts, which will allow the insulation to adjoin the tree more closely.

Additionally, horizontal bars 50x50 mm are nailed from the outside of the frame, with a distance of 590 mm between them for tight fixation of the insulation, the size of which is 600 mm. Further, a moisture-proof membrane is attached to the crate with the help of a stapler and overlapped, and blocks the ingress of moisture into the inside of the frame.

A counter crate is nailed onto the moisture-proof membrane and then facade material, thereby creating space for ventilation and removal of excess moisture. A ventilated facade is created, which is simply necessary in the technology of warming a frame house.

On a note

There is no need to do steam and waterproofing from the outside - this will spoil the wood of the frame more. It is important to leave a small distance between the outer skin and the facade to ensure better ventilation.


We insulate the ceiling.

Insulation of the ceiling of a frame house

Before carrying out work on the insulation of the ceiling in a frame house, it is necessary to install a ventilation system and consider openings for the exit of all pipes.

From the side of the attic or if frame house multi-storey, a layer of foil foam is attached, also with a construction stapler, and layers of mineral wool are laid between the beams. Additional heaters will be glassine strips laid on top of the cotton wool and an unedged board.


Floor and ceiling insulation.

Floor insulation

Warming is best done after installing the load-bearing frame of the house and bringing the building under the roof in order to avoid getting the insulation material wet. it is done between the lags on the subfloor, another layer of insulation is placed on top, and then it is covered with sheets of chipboard or OSB.

Styrofoam can serve as insulation for the floor or mineral wool. Combining these two materials in insulation is not desirable due to different characteristics. The thickness of the frame house insulation can be quite large, but then it should be taken into account already at the design stage and leave the necessary gaps.


pitched roof.

roof insulation

If it is planned to equip, then the thermal insulation of the roof is carried out in rafter system. And if the attic is not heated, then the insulation is carried out along the ceiling of the upper floor.

Insulation of the roof of a frame house can be carried out using inexpensive materials such as straw, shavings, sawdust. They are not expensive, but quite flammable and susceptible to the development of microorganisms and fungal infections. Of course it's already last century.


We lay mineral wool in the frame of the house.

Exist new scheme insulation of a frame house, which is based on the use of modern thermal insulation materials. Now they prefer mineral wool, polystyrene foam, foam plastic. Also for flat roof you can lay bulk insulation.

Helpful Hints
  • The thickness of the insulation of a house built according to frame technology depends on where the heater is intended. Typically, the thickness of the insulation is from 150 to 200 mm.
  • The home installation technology indicates the presence of notches and nails in the beams. In order not to damage the insulation, it is recommended to clean and grind the damaged structures.
  • Before starting work on the internal insulation of the frame, seal the cracks and joints with foam and pieces of mineral wool.

If you decide to carry out the insulation of the frame house with your own hands, step-by-step instruction on our website will help to understand the process and do everything with minimal cost. The price of insulating a frame house will depend on many factors, so first of all choose heaters and materials that do not require special skills and equipment during installation.

September 6, 2016
Specialization: Capital construction works (laying the foundation, erecting walls, constructing the roof, etc.). Internal construction works (laying of internal communications, rough and fine finishing). Hobbies: mobile communications, high tech, computer technology, programming.

The day before yesterday I received an order for the insulation of a frame house. The client undertook the independent construction of this building, however, in the process of work, he decided to immediately adapt a country dwelling for year-round living. He did not know how to properly perform thermal insulation, so he turned to me.

I think that any novice builder can face a similar situation, so today I will tell you how and with what to insulate the facade, floor and attic country cottage built on frame technology.

Choosing a place for installing thermal insulation

First, I will pay a little attention to where it is better to equip the heat-insulating layer - from the outside or from the inside. I prefer external insulation, however, in order not to be unfounded, I suggest that you familiarize yourself with the table, which outlines the features of the two options mentioned. After studying it, you will be able to make an informed decision on your own.

outdoor internal
The external insulation scheme provides that the entire insulation pie will be placed on the outside of the dwelling, therefore, during the construction works the interior of the rooms does not suffer. With internal insulation, it is necessary to dismantle the decorative finishes of the rooms, and after installing the insulation, perform a fine finish from scratch. This increases the time to complete the work and the estimated cost of construction.
With external insulation, the heat-insulating layer simultaneously protects the enclosing structures of the frame house from the effects of destructive external factors: temperature fluctuations, rain and ultraviolet radiation. Internal insulation shifts the moisture condensation point inside the wall, as a result of which the building envelope is moistened, which significantly reduces its service life.
Wooden wall in direct contact with warm air in the room, accumulates thermal energy, and when the outside air temperature drops, it releases it, eliminating the need to use heating devices. The insulation installed inside does not protect the enclosing structure from frost. The wall is subjected to numerous cycles of freezing and thawing, which lead to the destruction of its internal structure.

In my opinion, to internal thermal insulation can only be used when insulating a very old house: the installed insulation material from the inside will avoid dismantling exterior finish which is not always possible for objective reasons.

Yes, and one more thing. I have encountered situations several times where even the correct internal insulation was not effective enough to maintain a comfortable microclimate in the house during the severe winter cold. And I had to install an additional one - outside. So, whatever one may say, external insulation is more reliable.

Well, now let's figure out the better it is to perform thermal insulation of a frame house from the outside.

The choice of thermal insulation material

Given the specifics wooden house, built according to frame technology using sheet facing materials, it is necessary to select a heater taking into account the following requirements:

  1. The heat insulator must be environmentally friendly. The insulating layer should not release chemical compounds dangerous to humans into the air, even if it is heated during operation.
  2. The material must have fire-fighting properties - they will not ignite under the influence of fire and not contribute to the further spread of the flame. It is also desirable to select a heater that does not emit a large amount of smoke during a fire, making it difficult for people to evacuate.
  3. It is better to choose a heater with the lowest coefficient of thermal conductivity, so as not to use a large layer for insulation. Optimal Thickness- no more than 100-150 cm (this is the average section of the beam, usually used to construct the frame).
  4. Strength and ability to maintain geometric dimensions. The material installed in the gaps of the frame must fill it completely, without shrinking over time.
  5. Ease of installation. To simplify the process of building a frame house, you need to buy a heater that is easily installed inside the frame walls without the use of complex engineering equipment.

Another factor is the price. Considering the total estimated cost of building a cottage using frame technology, it is necessary to select a heater that will not significantly increase construction costs. However, I would not put the price at the forefront, preferring thermal insulation with optimal technical specifications and performance properties.

In my opinion, the closest to the requirements listed above is basalt insulation - mats based on fibers from minerals of volcanic origin.

This material has many advantages, which I will reflect in the table below:

Characteristic Description
Low thermal conductivity The coefficient of thermal conductivity λ of basalt wool is about 0.036 W / (m * K) depending on the density of the material. Thermal engineering calculations show that for central Russia, an energy-efficient house can be built with a layer of wool 10 cm thick.
Incombustibility Basalt fiber melts at temperatures above 1000 degrees Celsius, so the material not only does not ignite itself, but also serves as a reliable barrier to the spread of fire.
Hygroscopicity Mineral wool fibers do not absorb water, and the formaldehyde resins used to glue the mats have hydrophobic properties, helping to remove moisture to the outside.
light weight After installation, the insulation practically does not exert additional load on the building envelope, which is important for a fragile frame house.
Easy to install Dense mineral mats right size they are simply inserted into the gaps between the beams of the frame, without requiring additional lathing, fittings and the use of "wet" construction processes.

In my opinion, the listed properties are quite enough to persuade you to choose mineral wool. I use TechnoNICOL or Rockwool products for work.

And if you are wondering what is the best way to insulate from the inside, refer to the corresponding article on this blog, which describes in detail the technology you need. Although I can say in advance that mineral wool is so versatile that it can be used to insulate both the house outside and inside.

Tools and materials

In addition to mineral wool (and we decided that it would be basalt fiber), you will need a lot of different materials:

  • OSB boards for interior and exterior cladding of the supporting frame of the walls of the dwelling;
  • wooden bars 30 by 50 mm for arranging a counter-lattice and a ventilation gap between the insulation layer and the decorative finish;
  • hydro- and windproof membrane - a special polymer vapor-permeable film (Juta or Strotex), which prevents the insulation from getting wet and being destroyed by air flow, but does not prevent the removal of accumulated moisture from the heat-insulating layer;
  • internal vapor barrier film - in the described case, I will use foil insulation based on foamed polyethylene (for example, penofol) to increase the efficiency of heating devices;
  • block house, with the help of which external decorative finishing of frame walls will be performed;
  • eurolining, with which I will sheathe the surfaces of the walls from the inside.

I will not dwell on what tools to use. You will understand in the process of further presentation.

Warming process

Now I'm telling you how to insulate a frame house for winter residence. The thermal insulation technology of such a structure consists of several steps, which are presented in the diagram:

Step-by-step instructions for warming a frame house with your own hands are presented below. I must say right away that in my case the frame of the dwelling has already been erected, but the interior lining has not been installed. Therefore, the described insulation technology itself has some nuances.

Step 1 - Preparing the Frame

First of all, it is necessary to prepare the frame of the dwelling for installation inside the heat-insulating material. I do it in this order:

  1. cleansing wooden details from dust, debris and dirt. In the future, the frame will be completely hidden facing materials, therefore, pollution can adversely affect the integrity of the structure, the efficiency and duration of operation of the insulation layer. You can clean the wood with a regular brush or vacuum cleaner.

  1. I repair damaged parts of the frame. In my case, there were no defective areas, since I insulated new house under construction. But if you find areas of timber damaged by rot, you need to replace the part before installing the heat-insulating material.

  1. I install engineering communications. If a hidden gasket is expected engineering systems, then it is better to do this before sewing the walls with decorative material. There are a few features I would like to mention:
    • All electrical must be installed in flexible or rigid plastic or metal cable ducts that protect the insulation layer and the building itself from fire in the event of a short circuit.
    • During installation water pipes there should be no detachable connections inside the wall, which over time can loosen and leak.

  1. I perform antiseptic treatment of the frame. For this it is better to use universal composition(for example, Guardian), which prevents the formation of mold and fungus on the supporting frame of the dwelling and gives the tree fire-fighting properties. It is necessary to process wood with two layers of impregnation with intermediate drying.

Step 2 - Interior lining

For the inner cladding, I will use OSB boards and vapor barrier material with a heat-reflecting layer of brushed aluminum foil. The work is done in the following sequence:

  1. I sheathe the frame of the house from the inside with OSB sheets. They will serve as a support for leveling the insulating material. A vapor barrier inner layer will be attached to the same surface:
    • Glued fiber sheets must be cut into pieces of the required size according to pre-made drawings.
    • Parts must be made in such sizes that after installation they do not reach the surface of the ceiling, floor and corners. A gap of 2-3 cm thick is needed, through which moisture condensed there will be removed from the surface of the heat-reflecting layer.
    • Sheets are fastened with self-tapping screws to the supporting elements of the frame. The step between adjacent self-tapping screws should not exceed 20 cm.
    • The cladding seams should go in a checkerboard pattern with an offset relative to each other. Their thickness is 2-3 mm, which allow avoiding warping of the surface when changing the size of the base.

  1. Installing vapor barrier material. As I said, penofol will play its role - foamed polyethylene (it will become an additional insulation) with glued foil (it reflects infrared rays, increasing heating efficiency):
    • The material should be placed on the OSB sheets with the reflective layer outward, and then fixed to the panels using a construction stapler or wide-head nails.
    • Penofol rolls must be mounted so that each subsequent layer overlaps the previous one at a distance of 10 cm.
    • To seal the seams inside the overlap, a double-sided adhesive tape is placed, which glues adjacent sheets of heat-reflecting material, preventing water vapor from penetrating into the thickness of the enclosing structures and the insulation layer.

  1. I install counters. They are necessary for arranging the ventilation gap between the foil and the finish lining. You can orient the parts vertically or horizontally, depending on how you will fix the decorative material (in my case, lining). The slats are fixed to the OSB boards with self-tapping screws directly through the foil foam.

  1. I fix the lining on the counter rails. I already once described the technology of wall cladding with clapboard, so I won’t dwell on it in detail. I can only say that it is better to install lamellas on kleimers, thanks to which the change in the size of the eurolining during operation is compensated.

Step 3 - Laying insulation

TechnoNikol Technolight Extra boards are best suited as thermal insulation. On the one hand, they are strong enough to fit tightly between the supporting elements of the frame and stay there without additional fastening. On the other hand, they have a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, therefore, two layers of 5 cm mineral mats are sufficient for insulation.

Another plus is that I advised the client in advance to make the frame of the house with a distance between the supports of 60 cm. This is just the width of the insulation plate. Therefore, pruning is practically not necessary. Thanks to this, expensive material is consumed with maximum efficiency.

  1. Installing the first layer of insulation. As I said, the width of the plates exactly corresponds to the distance between the frame bars, so you just need to bend them in the middle and insert them inside the wall. Having straightened out, mineral mat will firmly take its place. Let me draw your attention to a few things:
    • It is impossible to fix the mineral mat on the inner OSB board. Otherwise, a self-tapping screw can damage the foam layer, which is laid on the surface on the reverse side.
    • Trimming the plates, if necessary, is done with a sharp clerical knife or a saw with fine teeth.
    • After installation of all plates, it is necessary to additionally seal the seams between the plates with polyurethane adhesive from a cylinder. It will glue the fibers of adjacent mats, eliminating the formation of cold bridges.

  1. Installing the second layer of insulation. It is placed on top of the first one so that the lower and upper seams run up. The rest of the rules are the same as in point 1. Don't forget to fill the joints between the boards with polyurethane foam. Excess of it, after the final solidification, will need to be cut off with a sharp one.

  1. I install insulation in structural elements of complex shape. Be sure to insulate all sections of the walls. Of particular difficulty are usually slopes, which serve to strengthen the structure. In this case, you need to cut the mineral mat according to the shape of the recess so that it fits as tightly as possible.

As you can see, the installation of the insulation itself is a simple operation, but it takes a lot of time. However, the process of thermal insulation is not yet over. Outside, the thermal insulation must be reliably protected.

Step 4 - Installation of hydro and wind protection

To protect the insulation from external influences, a special polymer vapor-permeable membrane of increased strength is usually used. Its installation has some features that I want to describe.

The gist is the following:

  1. A film is laid on the insulation layer. The material is fixed with staples and a construction stapler to the frame beams. You can use carnations with wide hats:
    • Work should start from the bottom of the wall, gradually moving up.
    • Film sheets must be placed horizontally.
    • Each next canvas should overlap the previous one at a distance of 10 cm.

  1. I seal the joints between the individual canvases. For this, adhesive tape is used, which is glued to the joints of the film. At the end of the work, a completely sealed canvas should be obtained, which protects the mineral wool from water penetrating through the outer lining and drafts blowing in the ventilation gap (more on that below).
  2. I stuff the slats of the counter-lattice on the polymer membrane. Here, the ventilation gap is simply mandatory, since moisture condensed on the surface of the insulation will be removed through it. The slats are installed horizontally or vertically and are fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws.

  1. I fix OSB-plates on the rails. I already described the technology for their installation when I talked about the inner lining of a frame house. Therefore, I will not dwell on this stage in detail.

Step 5 - Finishing

Technology decorative finishes facades of the house depends on the chosen material. In my case, this will be a block house, the individual parts of which must be fixed on OSB boards using self-tapping screws.

If you are going to use, for example, vinyl siding, you can not use OSB boards at all, but mount the lamellas on a profile mounted on a counter-lattice.

Step 6 - Attic floor

To make it comfortable to be in a frame house in winter, it is not enough to insulate the walls, because most of the heat loss occurs through the attic floor. Therefore, I will briefly describe how to thermally insulate this surface:

  1. Hem the ceiling from below with OSB boards. You already know the scheme, as I described it above. The filing will not experience a large load, therefore it is enough to fix the parts with self-tapping screws with small tolerances at the seams to compensate for the increase in the size of the substrate.
  2. Fix penofol. I also described the rules for installing heat-reflecting material when I talked about wall insulation technology.
  3. Screw the battens. By the way, they are necessary if you use a vapor barrier with a heat-reflecting layer. It can be replaced with a conventional vapor-permeable membrane. Then the decorative material can be fixed directly on the film, but the total thermal resistance of the walls (R) will decrease, since the walls will not reflect, but absorb infrared rays.
  4. Decorate the surface of the ceiling with clapboard. It is mounted on clamps or screws.
  5. Install insulation from the attic. Mineral wool is inserted into the gaps between the beams of the attic floor, after which it is covered with a waterproofing film and sewn up with sheet material (in my case, OSB boards).

Step 7 - Floors

The last stage of work is the insulation of the floor with your own hands. The technology practically does not differ from the ceiling thermal insulation scheme, with the exception of a few small nuances:

  • the vapor barrier film is placed from the side of the living quarters, and the waterproofing is at the bottom;
  • as floor covering a tongue-and-groove board is used, which is placed on the counter-lattice;
  • if it is not possible to hem the beams from below, the subfloor boards can be laid on cranial bars, which are screwed to the side surfaces of the beams.

If you have any questions, you can read a separate material on thermal insulation of floors.

Summary

The technology described above tells about the thermal insulation of a wooden dwelling from the outside. About how to insulate a frame house from the inside, from the video that I bring to your attention.

If you are interested in even more information about the construction and insulation of a frame house, ask your questions and express your own opinion in the comments to the material.

September 6, 2016

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Insulation for the walls of a frame house is selected depending on the structure of the walls, the frame material and its thickness. These three indicators are necessary for high-quality thermal insulation.

Today we will talk about how to insulate walls in a frame house and what is better to use for this. Also in the video in this article you can see different variants finishes and select the desired option from the photo.

Types of frame houses

Insulation will be selected depending on the material of the frame house. Therefore, before making a decision and such a construction, you should choose the right material for manufacturing.

There are several options for such buildings:

Rules for warming frame houses

Insulation for frame walls is determined from the building itself. There are two options here, and how to insulate the walls of a frame house is determined precisely by them.

Let's look at these two options:

Thermal insulation of the walls of the frame house from the inside

Only lightweight materials are suitable for this. The method itself is not effective enough, but if you have a small foundation, then it will do.
Thermal insulation for the walls of a frame house outside

This method is the most efficient.
  • It is possible to use almost any insulation (if the width of the foundation allows).
  • You do not take away the usable area, so you do not have to save on the thickness of the material.

Attention: How to insulate the walls of a frame house should not forget about the parameters of insulation. Their thickness affects not only thermal insulation, but also requires additional space. In the photo below you can see the necessary parameters.

Choosing the material of thermal insulation

In principle, all work can be done by hand. Instructions for performing insulation work are available for all types of material on our website.

Now we will choose the right heater. First of all, we make a thermotechnical calculation of the frame wall with the materials used. The structure of the insulation and its thermal conductivity are important here. In the photo you can see these indicators.

Now let's look at which insulation is best for the walls of a frame house, depending on the type of material.

Feature of stone wool slab

The most common and in demand among developers are the products of companies such as TechnoNIKOL and Rokwool. When choosing a warming material for the purpose of finishing a house, stone wool slabs are most often used.

Due to the great popularity of their use, several points can be noted that explain this:

  • For their use and application, no additional devices are required at all. During installation, you will need a regular knife and a hacksaw with fine teeth;
  • On the initial stage insulation of the frame of the house will be required a large number of insulating material and in this case you can certainly use the services of paid delivery. Usually, rarely anyone can accurately calculate the right amount of material, but you can always buy the right amount of material and deliver it yourself or order delivery. And if the structure is small, then you will undoubtedly bring all the materials that are needed on your own;
  • When working with this type of material, you must always be aware that stone wool slabs must tightly fill the gaps between the posts. frame houses, while you need to remember that compressing and tamping them is completely prohibited!
  • Further, the insulation materials laid in the place between the racks must be fenced off from moisture, which comes both from the outside and from the outside, and this can be done using a waterproofing film from the outside and a vapor barrier shell inside. It is important to take into account the prices of these films when calculating total cost insulation works with such plates.

Ecowool

Material such as cellulose fibers, in other words, "ecowool", has also become in great demand for insulation. This product is completely natural and does not require additional use films to help you make your home as environmentally friendly as possible.

We will also consider a few points that characterize this material: Ecowool is attached quite simply and this makes it stand out in comparison with other materials.

  • In order to insulate the walls in a dry way, you will need to open what the package contains and beat. Further, the already whipped material is ready for use, which means you can tamp it into the walls to obtain the desired density. You can also use a special machine and blow the material, which will create the desired density;
  • This material has inherent shrinkage, which means that the dry method of laying will not always give you exactly the results that you want. After shrinkage of the fiber, heat loss occurs, which is a big disadvantage. But it should be noted that when purchasing ecowool, a guarantee is always given for 15-20 years that this material will not shrink;
  • The wet method implies that it is necessary to use certain equipment, thanks to which the fiber is sprayed onto the walls, thereby gluing it to the frame. In this case, fiber shrinkage does not occur. This method of insulation should be applied outside the walls before they are sheathed, but this is not always possible, and this is a minus.

Styrofoam

Looking for information on the forums, you will notice that there is a lot of discussion about the pros and cons of foam as an insulating material (see How to properly insulate a wall with foam tiles). Some believe that this material is not environmentally friendly, when ignited, it releases hazardous substances into the air, and the possibility of the appearance of rodents is not ruled out.

But first things first:

  • There are also cases when people insulated their house with polystyrene foam (see How to insulate walls with polystyrene foam) and having lived in it for about 5 years were more than satisfied with the quality of the material they chose. Having chosen this material, they did not find any difficulties with well-being, and also noted the absence of rodents.
  • However, there are episodes when the developer changed the foam plastic completely a year later due to its destruction by rodents. This material should not be written off, because, like all heaters, it has its pros and cons.
  • The value of this material is that it does not absorb moisture at all, which means that additional methods of protection will not be needed. It is important when choosing foam to take not pressed. This method of insulation is the cheapest in comparison with the rest.
  • But he needs the most precision and skill. The specifics of this insulation were mentioned in the article "The step of the racks in a frame house."

Attention: Rodents start in the foam, so it is better not to use it for a private house.

Sprayed heaters

This type of home insulation is not yet widespread enough, and one of the most known materials It's polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam - these are two special liquid elements, when mixed in all proportions and exposed to air under pressure, they foam.

When using this material, they fill all the spaces between the racks, and when an excess appears, they are cut off. Working with such a heater is a bit similar to working with mounting foam (see Liquid thermal insulation for walls: features of use).

This material has its advantages.

Let's consider each of them:

  • Polyurethane foam is able to interact with absolutely all surfaces that are used in the construction of houses. This material has a special quality that allows it to take various forms, thereby simplifying the application. It is also important that it is not necessary to treat the surface before using the material;
  • The insulation material itself is created directly on site. Transportation costs are also reduced, and material consumption is minimal;
  • Due to its structure, polyurethane foam is light and airy, which means that they can easily insulate roofs;
  • By creating coatings with this material, not only wall insulation is created, but their strength also increases;
  • This material is able to withstand high temperatures, which makes it completely versatile;
  • The use of polyurethane foam provides a single design of insulation without any joints and seams.

It should also be noted all the disadvantages of this insulation material.

There are only two downsides:

  • It wears out quickly if it is constantly exposed to ultraviolet radiation. For normal functioning for this insulation system, it is necessary to create high-quality protection. Such protection can serve as plaster or paint, which can protect the material from the sun, as well as make appearance insulation more attractive;
  • It has already been noted in the text that this material for insulation is practically non-combustible, but it begins to smolder when exposed to high temperatures. This process is not at all difficult to stop, because for this you only need to cool the material. But in places of strong heating of polyurethane foam, it is better to replace the insulation material with another one.

Differences in the insulation of a frame house according to materials

Basically, insulation is done when installing the frame. Let's look at how to make a frame for wall insulation in different versions.

Warming of wooden frame houses

The main feature of such houses is that the corners between the logs form cracks that allow wind and frost to enter the house. It is important, upon the arrival of winter, to correctly and qualitatively check the walls on your own from the inside to identify blowing.

Attention: When making a frame for insulation, it is necessary to take into account the air gap. After all, ventilation is required here. Otherwise, the material of the walls will quickly become unusable.

  • First you need to find all the places that the wind blows. You also need to find areas of the house that get wet. All found areas must be examined for the presence of crevices and cracks.
  • Further, all crevices and cracks found must be properly caulked or filled with foam. If necessary, you can clean the inside of the house from the finish.
  • It is much more difficult to insulate the ceiling, because it is not always possible to find all the places where heat loss occurs. To eliminate such problems, a variety of sawdust, mineral or ecowool is usually used. The use of loose insulation is simple and for this you only need to crush them yourself.

Attention: It is important to note that the insulation layer must be no more than 15 cm! Most experts in this field do not recommend covering insulated surfaces with roofing material and other similar products.

Such insulation materials are best placed from below. When insulating walls, laps should be made in the corners, along the edges, creating best insulation. When insulating the walls, the laps are caulked on each side.

Features of insulation of metal frames

The instructions for insulating the wall of a metal frame house are quite simple. Indeed, in this option, you yourself choose the insulation that is placed inside the wall, and here it is important to take everything into account at the initial stage of installation.

  • First of all, we look at what the heating system will be, about which we calculate the thickness of the insulation;
  • We also pay attention to the foundation of the structure. After all, it should be more than the material of the entire finish;
  • We also take into account the ventilation gap, because condensate should not accumulate and the channel itself cannot be less than two cm.

Feature insulation of frame-panel houses

There are a number of types of frame panel houses:

What do we pay attention to when insulating?

Consider the features of insulation:

  • For proper insulation, it is necessary that the thickness of the walls of the structure be accurately calculated, in compliance with all orders and parameters. When insulating such a house, it is necessary to lay insulating materials directly into the wall;
  • To start the insulation of such a building as a frame-panel house, you need to carefully process each joint with foam or mastic. To improve the insulation of the walls, as well as to make the house durable and reliable during cold periods, the installation of airtight membranes will help;
  • Before starting the insulation of a frame-panel house, it is necessary to install horizontal profiles, which are fixed with dowels. Further, the walls on each side are sheathed with clapboard. At the same time, it should be noted that the lining must be dry inside, and wet - directly from the outside. Insulation should be laid inside each side;
  • In such houses, insulation is necessary for both the walls and the floor. Often, penoizol is used to insulate floors;
  • After all the work on the insulation of such a house, each wall should be sheathed with siding or a panel for the facade. The easiest method of insulation is considered to be filling all the gaps between the shields with insulation material. On top of all this, it is necessary to apply mastic, which will protect the insulation from moisture and ultraviolet radiation.

The technology for insulating metal frame walls is somewhat different, here it is quite possible to do fastening simple glue. And the rest of the instructions for choosing the material and installation rules are the same as in other buildings. If you think about everything and do it using only high-quality materials, then the energy saving of the premises will be on top.

They are assembled in a fairly short time, using minimal labor resources. However, with all its advantages, it still has one small drawback. If you do not make high-quality insulation of walls and roofs, it will be possible to use it only in summer period, since it is not suitable for year-round operation in our climate.

Insulation of a frame house - types of materials

The modern market offers huge selection building materials for warming frame houses. Based on the foregoing, it is very important that the insulation retains its functionality for more than a dozen years, for this it is necessary to use only high-quality material.

Currently, thermal insulation materials are conventionally divided into two categories - organic and synthetic.

  1. The first are natural materials that have natural origin(sawdust and shavings, compressed straw, etc.).
  2. The second category includes types of insulation obtained by high-tech in a production way, using for this various chemical components and compositions, namely: mineral wool, polystyrene foam, basaltin, and others.

Excellent thermal insulation properties synthetic materials, make them the undisputed winners in this group. They boast features such as:

  • good moisture resistance;
  • low thermal conductivity and flammability level;
  • no shrinkage and long service life;
  • ease of use;
  • safety for a person.

Home insulation is the most popular and well-established method. The material has an excellent sound absorption rate, retains heat well, and also has a high environmental friendliness class.

Wall insulation inside and out

There is no particular difference from where to start work on the insulation of a frame house, from the inside or outside. It's more convenient for someone here. For example, it is a little easier to install insulation from the street, but there is a risk that it may start to rain and then the work will have to be curtailed for a while.

Standard mineral wool insulation has a width of 600 mm. Therefore, when building a frame, this moment must be taken into account. In order for the material to fit snugly against the vertical posts, the ideal step size between them is 580-590 mm. Such a distance will not allow the insulation to slide down over time, as it will be tightly clamped.

According to the established norms, the thickness of insulation for a structure in the central region of Russia is 150 mm. Therefore, it would be advisable to use plates with a thickness of 100 and 50 mm.

Thus, instead of three plates, two will be enough in the design, thereby significantly reducing labor costs. Also material in 100 mm. less prone to deflection and therefore more securely attached to the structure.

Fastening vapor barrier and OSB boards

  • In order to prevent moisture from entering the insulation, it must be well protected from it. To do this from the inside wooden walls the frame must be covered with a vapor barrier film. Using a conventional stapler, roll out the roll in horizontal stripes and fasten it with an overlap along 5 cm. to vertical posts. Make sure that the film is firmly attached to the surface everywhere;
  • Next, we need to close the vapor barrier film with OSB boards, which will be the base under interior decoration. Using ordinary wood screws and a screwdriver, we fasten the panels one by one, if necessary, cutting them with an electric jigsaw.

Insulation installation

Consider, as an example, the insulation of the frame with slabs based on mineral (stone) wool. The material is quite elastic, so for its fixation it is not required additional way fasteners, simply insert it between the racks. The plates must be tightly held there due to the difference in size.

Installation of insulation is carried out in two layers, using a checkerboard pattern. The second should overlap the butt joints of the first, exactly in the middle. This method avoids the appearance of so-called "cold bridges", which contribute to the appearance of condensate and dampness on the inner surface. finishing which can lead to mold and mildew.

After all the plates are installed, they will need to be protected from rain and strong winds. For this, by analogy with interior walls, external ones are sheathed in the same way.

The material used is a hydro-windproof membrane, it will reliably protect the walls from drafts and raindrops getting inside. To securely connect the membrane, fix it to the posts with a counter-batten.

Wall cladding outside

Depending on the material you choose for finishing, you need to properly prepare the base for it. For ordinary siding or a block house, moisture-resistant OSB boards are attached to the counter-crate, to which guide bars are nailed.

It is very popular among the population, which accurately imitates the structure of real wood.

Sectional diagram of insulation

In case the walls are sheathed with some other finishing material (facade tiles, artificial or natural stone etc.), to nail to OSB boards guide bars are unnecessary, the walls for finishing are left in this form.

Roof insulation

  • Not many people know that roof insulation plays a very important role in creating a favorable microclimate in the house. High-quality insulation of this element reduces the heat loss of the house by 25-30 % Therefore, it is very important to approach this issue with all responsibility.

One of the most common ways to insulate the roof is to lay the insulation between, and in order for the insulation to last for a long time, roofing cake must have a ventilation gap.

The essence of the process of a frame house with mineral wool is quite simple and is as follows:

  1. From the outside of the roof, a diffusion membrane is nailed to the upper base of the rafters, which is fixed with a counter-batten;
  2. Further from the inside in two layers (each 100 mm.), using the same checkerboard pattern, insulation boards are laid. Pay special attention to the places of gables and the ridge part of the roof;
  3. The insulation is necessarily closed with a vapor barrier film, which is fastened with horizontal stripes from the bottom up with an overlap 5 cm.;
  4. The final stage is the filing of the ceiling with a finishing finishing material (lining, plywood, block house, drywall, etc.)

Floor insulation

Another place where there is a leak 15-20% so precious in our time of warmth. Of course, you can fork out and install a system in the house, especially since in our time there is plenty for this.

However, why not try to warm it up first. After all, the floor is the place where a lot of interesting things happen.

You can’t even count how many kilometers your baby crawls along it, and then it will take its first steps in life on it. The time spent on yoga and reading interesting books, in addition to benefits, will also bring pleasure.

The sequence of floor insulation in a frame house:

  • A layer of waterproofing film is rolled onto the subfloor. All joints are glued with reinforcing tape;
  • Between the lag for the floor, a heater is laid (thickness not less than 200 mm.). To eliminate the formation of a gap, the width of the insulation must exceed the distance between the lags by 1-2 cm;

  • Overlap insulation on top 5-10 cm. covered with a vapor barrier;
  • Further, depending on the floor covering, the floor is covered with plywood sheets, or a finishing board is placed.

Conclusion

Today there are many different modern materials, which are suitable for warming houses built using frame technology. However, numerous positive reviews from the owners show that there is no point in overpaying for expensive materials in this case. With the protection of the house from the cold, mineral wool, which is quite affordable, does an excellent job.

Therefore, we can safely conclude that mineral wool is reliable, inexpensive and quite effective material for warming a frame house. Due to its environmental friendliness and fire safety, insulation can be used both inside and outside the house, and nothing else is needed.