What is more profitable to build a house with your own hands. Building materials for building a house. What is the best material for building a house? brick house

The question of which house to build is the cheapest to worry about every private developer. The maximum benefit can be derived if the land is already owned or there is an opportunity to purchase it relatively inexpensively. For the rest, you can refer to the recommendations discussed below.

Lowering the issues associated with the purchase of land, the cost of building your own home influenced by the following factors:

• architectural and planning solutions. The developer must understand that even inexpensive housing must be modern, comfortable, functional;
• constructive building solutions. Here it is advisable to exclude architectural excesses, the design of the house should be as simple as possible;
• cost of materials and labor. Savings do not exclude the high manufacturability of work and the quality of the materials used. The construction project can be implemented independently or with the involvement of a team of 2-3 people, which slightly affects the cost of work.

Any project taken on the Internet can be upgraded by turning a stone into a frame and vice versa. However, such manipulations should become a bore for professionals - they don’t save here

Building a house with your own hands - what to consider in the project

The cost of construction depends on the total area of ​​the future housing. It is optimal to lay the dimensions of 9 * 6 m, where 2-3 living rooms will be successfully placed.

An example of architectural and planning solutions:

• the basic principle is the minimum ratio of the total area to the usable area, without loss of convenience for living. Simply put, it is necessary to build a house inexpensively on a turnkey basis so that it is comfortable to be in it;
• an effective layout is the presence of two bedrooms with an area of ​​9-10 m², a combined bathroom - 3-4 m², an entrance hall combined with a vestibule - 3 m², a living room combined with a kitchen area - 25-26 m²;
• thus, the total area of ​​housing will be 52-54 m², with a usable area of ​​at least 50 m², which is 96%;
• in the house it is not necessary to equip pantries. On the personal plot you can build a number of additional buildings that will fill this gap;
• similar projects can be found on the Internet and get acquainted with them in more detail.

Which house is cheaper to build one-story or two-story? Undoubtedly, the construction of a typical building on one floor is less expensive. However, this solution is less profitable. With a similar area, it is more expedient to build two-storey house(for example, 2 floors of 50 m² than 1 floor of 100 m²).

Constructive decisions:

• the most simple designs This is a significant contribution to the economy of construction. If you lay the width of the building at 6 m, this is quite enough for arranging floors, but does not require the construction of an additional load-bearing wall, which is reflected in the design of the foundation and basement;
• combining the living room and kitchen helps to save on the arrangement of partitions, doors;
• the optimal width of the walls is laid at 30 cm. The heat resistance of the object is subsequently regulated by the facade cladding and additional insulation, depending on the climatic conditions of construction;
• partitions can be made of drywall, which also does not require laying the foundation. Similar structures are built using a simplified technology;
• the cheapest roof is gable, no frills.

With the modern mobile standard of living, the construction of brick houses is losing relevance day by day. Even for private purposes, it is impractical to build such buildings; many turn to cheaper technologies.

Work and materials:

• the cost of work often takes the lion's share of the costs. However, the use of modern high-tech materials allows you to bypass this cost item. Modern materials are designed for a simple home master, that is, about 90% of the work can be done independently or with 2-3 assistants;
• for some types of work, you cannot do without the participation of a professional (here you should rely on own forces). However, as was said, the costs of such services will not exceed 10%.

What building material will be cheaper

When choosing materials for construction, brick, frame steel structures, natural wood, concrete blocks.

Brick

This is strong, durable but heavy material. Despite the excellent sound insulation, environmental friendliness, availability for sale, to conduct economical construction it won't work out. It will be necessary to lay a deep bearing foundation, the work itself is long, the brick is difficult to process. Finished housing without additional measures will be characterized by insufficient energy saving.

Steel structures

It's durable and available material helping to build a reliable, convenient and inexpensive house as soon as possible. Practice shows that frame house really affordable, easy to install, has a high bearing capacity against the background of a small mass and is versatile - if you wish, you can implement any project. The advantages include the possibility of arranging a unique exterior. However, additional, sound, heat insulation, measures to strengthen the strength will be required.

Wood

Despite all the advantages of the material (strength, environmental friendliness, sound and heat insulation, external characteristics etc.), it cannot be called economical. Good wood - timber, a log is available at a high cost and requires treatment measures against pests, decay.

If the construction cannot be done by hand, the key to high efficiency without extra costs is the choice of one team responsible for the entire cycle of work.

Cellular concrete, block concrete

This is modern version, allowing you to quickly and inexpensively build a good, environmentally friendly housing with a high load capacity, strength, low weight. The material is easy to process, which simplifies the exterior and interior decoration, but requires high-quality implementation of this stage of work.

Option for permanent residence

Choosing from a variety of materials, optimally stops on block concrete. Finished housing is suitable for living in almost any climatic zone of the country, construction technology is easy to master, which allows you to build with your own hands. Frame houses are no less effective, projects, photos and prices of which are available in a wide variety on the net.

It is cheaper to implement a house project from foam blocks (or other block material) with the following characteristics:

• shallow monolithic reinforced concrete foundation;
• plinth and concrete blind area. Implemented using brickwork in 1 brick, 250 mm;
• wall structures - gas silicate, aerated concrete, foam concrete, 300 mm;
• exterior cladding - crate, insulation, vinyl siding;
• ceilings and roofing wooden trusses, coating with a metal profile along the crate, vapor barrier, insulation, drywall;
• window structures - wood / metal-plastic + installation;
• interior decoration, partitions, door blocks - plasterboard with sound insulation, finishing plastic panels, wallpaper;
• flooring - concrete preparation, ceramic tiles, carpet, laminate;
• sewerage, plumbing pvc pipes, plumbing equipment;
• heating system - a double-circuit wall-mounted boiler, plastic pipes for hot water supply, heating, aluminum radiators;
• electrician corresponding to the design of the house.

Do not save on soil research. Even with quite prosperous neighboring sites, your own may differ in other characteristics

So that the whole economy does not turn into a collapse, it should check out these tips:

• when choosing ready standard project it should be foreseen for what climatic conditions it is designed (wind / snow load, seasonal outdoor temperatures);
• it is necessary to bind the bearing base to the soil conditions of the site. This will minimize the cost of its construction;
• if the project is selected, you cannot make additional changes to it, for example, change the material of the walls and their design, the size of the windows, doorways, arrangement of additional openings, replacement of ceilings, etc.;
• Don't skimp too much on communications. quality engineering systems, sewerage, water supply, communication, ventilation, entrances to the site ensure the quality and comfort of living.

Summing up some results, it can be noted that cheap house is not low quality, cramped, uncomfortable housing. First of all, this is a reasonable and rational approach of the owner to the construction process and the choice of materials.

An original and original project of a house from waste materials presented in the video:

Quite often, when designing a private house, the future owner thinks about the optimal choice of materials for its construction. What is cheap to build a house from, so that it does not affect the quality, thermal insulation, external attractiveness and durability of the building. Correct selection materials will help not only build the desired house with your own hands, but also save a lot of money.

Construction stages

From the very beginning, you should determine the order that must be followed when doing construction with your own hands:

1. The very first building of the foundation begins.
2. The construction of the walls begins to be engaged after checking the readiness of the base.
3. The next in order will be the conduct of communications (heating, water supply, sewerage, electrification, gas supply) and pouring the floor.
4. The next step will be laying the floor.
5. The last step is to build a roof. This kind construction works produced in spring or autumn.

The level of costs is affected by the design of the house, the foundation, materials for construction, materials for hydro- and thermal insulation, installation of doors and windows

The following factors influence the level of costs:

• efficient building layout;
• the depth of the foundation, the materials for its construction and the technique used in its construction;
• use of inexpensive and quality materials for walls;
• heat-saving and waterproofing materials;
• type of heating system;
• installation of door and window blocks;
• the use of heat-saving and waterproofing agents.

Any construction must begin with a project. This approach makes it possible to initial stage avoid unnecessary expenses and optimize the project area. You should also decide what material the house will be built from.

Create a project

To reduce the cost of construction and materials, you can calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house in such a way as to comfortably place all the necessary premises in the smallest possible area and decide which material will become the basis for the walls.

To save money, when building a house, make an extension - a veranda, it will protect the building and will serve as a great place for summer holidays.

To reduce heat loss, you can abandon pillars, bay windows, as well as all kinds of decorative partitions, as well as insulate basements, roofs and walls. The fewer walls in a building, the easier it is to heat it.

An excellent solution would be the construction of verandas and balconies that will protect the building and serve as a place of rest in summer time. It is also recommended to combine the hall with the dining room and kitchen, in this case the total area will reduce heat loss, and minimal zoning will help create a cozy and original interior small room.

You can resist the cooling of rooms from the side of the roof by arranging the attic.

As roofing materials, it is recommended to use reliable tile materials or tiles. You should not save on roofing material, since the life of the building and the possibility of rational use of the attic floor directly depend on it. In addition, these materials look very decorative, improve the overall appearance of the structure and are very durable, which more than pays for their high cost.

Wall materials

Insofar as inexpensive construction is designed not only to create beautiful and comfortable housing, but also to do it in a short time with your own hands with reasonable savings, you should, if possible, use modern materials for interior decoration.

Scheme of insulated frame house

For the construction of a strong frame, concrete, metal, brick or wood are used. One of the options for economical construction is the installation of a wooden frame, which is then sheathed with soft insulation. This allows you to significantly lighten the design and save on the construction of the foundation, as well as significantly reduce energy consumption for heating.

Another profitable option for building walls is the construction of aerated concrete. A house made of such material is very quick and easiest to build, while reducing mortar and labor costs. The material is light and dimensional, and after finishing work it will acquire any required view, and will not differ in any way from brick structures.

Wood is a favorite raw material for construction, but it can hardly be saved on it. The material itself is not so expensive, but since it is constantly subjected to deformation, shrinkage, the appearance of cracks and gaps from the effects of weather conditions, and also needs careful insulation, the cost of it increases significantly.

An economical material for a wooden house is only typesetting system. It is assembled in production conditions by specialists from full-bodied structural elements.

In addition, such a house periodically requires sealing cracks as a result of building subsidence, as well as other expensive maintenance and control.

foundation type

You can reduce the cost of building a foundation by using highly efficient structures that can reduce the weight of the walls of the house and allow you to use a lightweight version of the foundation.

The ability to build a low-buried foundation is determined by the condition of the soil and the proximity of occurrence ground water.

A low-depth foundation will save a lot of money

Under what conditions can a low-buried foundation be built:

1. Such a foundation is used only on non-rocky soils. Coarse-grained sand is an ideal base for a low-buried foundation.
2. Subject to the installation of a drainage system. This will prevent the rise of groundwater and protect the basement of the building from excessive moisture.
3. It is also advisable to use waterproofing.

If an architect decides in favor of building a low foundation and decides in favor of lightweight materials, then the amount saved will be quite significant.

In order to determine the appropriate type of foundation with your own hands, you should dig a hole about one meter deep. If there is no water in the pit, and the composition of the soil is represented by sand, clay and stones, then with all certainty it can be said that it is possible to build an unburied foundation (60-80 cm). If water appeared in the pit, then the occurrence of the base should be at a depth of more than one meter.

Roofing material is used to waterproof the foundation

The solution should be thick enough and consist of cement, sand and gravel. Before pouring, formwork is constructed from boards. The width of the base should be 20 cm more than the width of the walls. Be sure to use reinforcing mesh.

To ensure waterproofing, a roofing material is laid in the foundation at ground level in two layers and then built up to the required height.

After the completion of construction work, the foundation should be given several months to mature, and only after that the walls should be built.

Window systems

When choosing and installing window systems with your own hands, you should pay attention not only to the quality of the window block itself, but equally to the condition of seals and fittings. They must provide a tight fit. quality heat and soundproofing.

Poor-quality double-glazed windows will contribute to the cooling of the room and the formation of drafts.

The number of windows required for optimal lighting is calculated by the formula: floor area divided by 8. For example, for a room with an area of ​​40 meters, 5 windows are needed.

Heating system

The finished building needs the installation of a gas or electric heating. Measures to insulate the walls, floors and basement of the building significantly reduce heat loss, but they are not able to provide comfortable temperature at home during the cold season.

The underfloor heating system is one of the most effective ways space heating. There are two types of such a floor: electric and water. This system is quite cheap and provides pleasant warmth and comfort in the room. The acquisition and installation of such a system with your own hands will allow, without causing a significant increase in the cost of the project, to ensure savings and organically fit into the interior of the house.

Comfortable for this type of heating distribution warm air from bottom to top, compared with other types is the most correct. Whereas heating from radiators can be minimized by drafts walking inside the room.

Knowing what is cheaper to build a house from, you can save a good amount and bring your dream home project to life with your own hands. Arrangement tips low cost home will help to build a comfortable, beautiful and ergonomic design with their own hands, in which it will be possible to pay maximum attention to the remaining funds interior decoration premises.

Individual construction has long gained a lot of fans not only outside our country, and a lot of experience has been accumulated in this area. New materials and technologies have appeared, many of which we frankly “copy” from abroad. You can't say they are bad. But is everything suitable for our harsh climate? Let's try to figure out what is better to build "budget" housing and how you can save money reasonably, without compromising quality.

Let's start with planning. It is on this that all subsequent expenses depend. But first it is worth noting that there can be no single recommendation for choosing the cheapest materials for the home, and here's why.

What counts

• The climate in the region and the location of the building on the ground. It depends on this how thick the walls should be, to what extent it is necessary to carry out additional insulation.
• Soil characteristics. They determine not only the method of waterproofing, first of all, the buried part of the house, but also the choice.

Therefore, a cheap building material that is ideal for one climate zone will be completely unsuitable for another. In addition, any product has its pros and cons. Therefore, you will have to choose which of its properties are most important for a particular house, and which can be neglected or minimized by a number of additional activities.

And one more crucial point- any specialist will say that up to 40% of all costs fall on the arrangement of the foundation. And here you have to look best option its constructions with the selection of cheaper materials.

For example, laying brick walls on the basis of foam blocks will not work - such a house will not stand idle for a long time. But since the costs of its lower part are the most significant, you must first of all focus on it - here you can save a lot and build a house cheaper.

What determines the final cost of construction

It makes no sense to be distracted by such building materials as, for example, polystyrene blocks. There are also such recommendations for the construction of buildings, and with a description of the mass of the advantages of such construction.

You can, of course, build from them, but perhaps just a small country house. It is somehow impossible to take such advice seriously in relation to a full-fledged residential building. Yes, and not worth it, because then there are unlikely to be buyers for such a building.

Consider the main, most used materials in terms of the appropriateness of their use, as well as the specifics of the construction of the building and the features of such structures. Let us designate the final cost of the work (approximate) taking into account all additional measures (insulation and so on) in rubles per 1 m² of the total area (without the "finishing" finish).

Wood

pros

• Warming is minimal, since the tree “holds” heat well.
• Possibility of erection on "lightweight" types of foundations.
• Excellent microclimate.
• Can choose cheap option blanks (bar,).

Minuses

• Prolonged shrinkage. Immediately engage in decoration and move in will not work.
• The need for regular caulking and material processing (flame retardants, antiseptics).
• It is difficult to build a whole house on your own. For fixing the lower crown and for some other operations, it is better to invite a specialist.
• Wood is affected by insects (woodworms), and is also afraid of thermal exposure.

Construction cost (from pine):

• timber - from 11,800 rubles / m2; glued - from 33,000 rubles / m2 ();
• log (rounded) - from 15,400 rubles / m².

Brick

pros

• As floors you can use reinforced concrete slabs.
• Strength.
• Unlike wood, it does not rot.

Minuses

• Requires high quality insulation.
• A strong foundation is needed.
• Long construction time.
• Few people can make high-quality masonry on their own - you will have to pay specialists.

The cost of construction is from 21,500 rubles / m².

Cellular concrete

Gas and foam blocks are implied (details on the construction of such a house)

pros

• Warmer than a brick You can do without thermal insulation, but the walls should be thicker.
• They don't rot.
• Short construction time.
• Lightweight foundation.
• The ability to do without hired workers, since installation is quite simple.

Minuses

• Waterproofing must be of high quality, especially for aerated concrete.
• Limited in the possible number of storeys of the building due to the insufficient strength of such walls.
• Mounting feature (observance of the method of arranging the joints of products and reinforcing the structure).
• The complexity of finishing, especially for foam concrete due to its fragility.

The cost of construction is from 15,500 rubles / m².

frame houses

pros

• The ability to do everything by hand. But for the installation of panel structures, you need a crane.
• The foundation of any type, lightweight.
• The house "breathes".
• Construction is completed in a short time.

Minuses

Like wood, because it is from such building materials that the frame is built.

The cost of construction is from 11,000 rubles / m².

Prices are conditional, since a lot depends on the cost of the selected finishing materials. By the way, very often thoughtless savings on them leads to the fact that the dwelling is not warm enough, damp, and it has to be heated more intensively. And this entails an increase in costs. Why?

Firstly, directly - the consumption of energy resources increases, and as a result, the payment for utilities increases.

Secondly, indirectly - the time between repairs for such a building is significantly reduced, because due to poor waterproofing, insulation, any thing deteriorates faster. And any reconstruction (repair) is an expensive event. Yes, and "heating" equipment wears out more intensively, which also requires the investment of material resources for its repair.

• When planning the construction of a house, you need to focus, first of all, on such criteria as convenience, sufficiency of free space and durability. It makes no sense to engage in construction if it is necessary in order to meet the estimate, huddle in cramped quarters and change your lifestyle.
• Significant savings can be achieved if part of the work (if not all) is done by hand. Payment for the services of hired workers is comparable to the cost of materials.
• It is much more profitable to buy the latter yourself, and not to entrust the masters. And all at once (if possible) in one “point”. In such cases, Sellers make discounts quite tangible (considered as a big "wholesale"). In addition, prices are much lower in winter, so purchases should be made in advance.
• If you really had to hire craftsmen, then it is better to negotiate with them not in words, but on “paper”, in the form of an Agreement. If they are "generalists", that is, they do all types of work, then for each (foundation, walls, roofing, decoration) - a separate document. This will allow (if they work poorly) at any stage to refuse their services, and to recover through the court -.
• In principle, when strangers work, they should feel constant control from the owner, preferably daily. Most of all "hack work" is done in the process of so-called "hidden" work. For example, waterproofing, insulation of the foundation, arrangement of the screed. Such shortcomings, and even a frank marriage, will appear only after some time, but it will be too late!
• If it is planned to have some auxiliary, unheated premises (extensions) in the house, then it is better to place them around the perimeter. This will significantly reduce heat loss from residential, internal rooms.
• The number and size of window openings should be optimal. It is through them that most of the heat “leaves” from the house. The criterion is this - the total area of ​​​​all windows in the room should not exceed 1/8 of the floor.

An individual developer is necessarily faced with the question of choosing the optimal material for the construction of a residential facility. The choice of building materials for walls takes into account climatic features, relief nuances, financial capabilities, etc. There is no single formula for this. All building materials have different strengths, require the use of a unique construction technology, and have different levels of thermal conductivity.

What determines the choice of material for the house

The construction of walls makes up a quarter of all the costs of building a house. A careless attitude to the choice of material will entail additional subsequent expenses. Therefore, it is worth considering and considering all important criteria and factors when choosing the best material for the construction of the walls of the house:

Labor costs. For example, the cost of time and effort will decrease if you build a house from panel blocks, and not from bricks and other small elements. Modern panel houses can be done several times faster, especially if these are frame structures.

Thermal insulation properties of the material. When choosing a deliberately cold material for the walls, the developer will pay a high price in winter for such a reckless step. The owner will also have to deal with the insulation of the walls of the house from the outside. When calculating this indicator, current climatic conditions are taken into account.

price issue. If you give preference to a durable and lightweight version of the material for the walls, then you can save on the construction of a powerful foundation, which is expensive to make.

Considering also the subsequent costs of finishing work. Today, there are smooth materials for modern-style walls that do not require finishing.

Log cabin - one of the options for walls that do not require finishing

Types of wall materials

The building materials market offers a wide range of various options to build the walls of your house. There are several types of bricks alone: ​​silicate, clinker, ceramic, fireclay. And for many years, wood has been one of the most popular and sought-after building materials. The cost of such raw materials depends on the type of wood (pine, oak, birch, cedar), the type of material (logs, boards, timber). A very popular and more economical option are different kinds blocks: foam blocks, ceramic blocks, thermal blocks, lightweight concrete blocks, etc. In Europe, for example, houses are most often built using the frame method, which is very fast and inexpensive. About 70% of the private housing stock in Europe is occupied by frame technology erection of buildings. Builders also note the cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency of SIP panels.

Consider the main types of materials:

Log cabins and log houses

A log house is an object made from cut trunks of solid wood. Work such as cutting corners, adjusting joints and grooves is always done manually.

Such houses look presentable, soundly and have a lot of advantages:

Architectural version of a log house

The disadvantages of log buildings include:

Timber house

Glued or profiled timber is a cheaper building material for house walls, which is in great demand today.

Beam pros:

In addition, such material is relatively inexpensive.

However, the bar:

They say that such a structure can be built alone, with certain knowledge and skills. But the scheme of its construction is more complex and ornate than, for example, brick.

Frame house under construction

All the advantages of frame houses:

The disadvantages of frame structures include:

The echo of walls and ceilings;

The need to have a competent construction project, where there will be all the drawings and diagrams of fasteners and assemblies.

The disadvantages of such houses can also be attributed to the conservative mentality of our citizens, who are wary of frame structures, considering them unreliable.

SIP panels

Canada and America have been actively using frame-panel technologies in construction for more than half a century. In our country, this method is not yet so popular. SIP panel is a three-layer building material, which is made from two layers of OSB and internal insulation polystyrene foam.

This is what the SIP panel looks like

Advantages of SIP panels:

In addition, SIP panels are an environmentally friendly building material.

It looks like a built house from SIP-Panels without facade decoration

Its disadvantages include such aspects (which, by the way, are many):

brick walls

Brick is the most familiar and most affordable material for building the walls of a house from the outside. It is usually made from clay and enhanced with various impurities. All the advantages of brick:

The disadvantages of building materials include:

Expanded clay blocks

Ceramic blocks are made of red clay, like bricks. But the blocks differ from them more overall dimensions. This option for building walls from ceramic blocks is very similar to the technology for building brick houses.

Advantages of ceramic blocks:

The disadvantages of ceramic blocks include:

Foam blocks

Foam blocks are a universal type of building materials for walls. They consist of cellular concrete, which has good performance characteristics.

Recently, fewer people want to live in a cramped and stuffy city, preferring to move to their own Vacation home. It would seem, what are the problems? You just need to sell an apartment and buy real estate outside the city. But this property is, alas, several times more expensive than the largest apartment.

Do not despair, there is a way out - to build a house on your own. If you figure it out, there is nothing complicated in building a house, the main thing is to draw up an action plan and follow it clearly.

The problem of cheap housing is becoming more and more urgent. Many scientists have worked on it, and some have achieved some success. Among them, it is worth noting Berok Khoshnevis, a professor from the USA who developed a 3D printer. This device is able to build a house in a day with total area in 300 m². Agree, not a single even the most experienced team is able to invest in such a period.

But the cost of a 3D printer (in fact, as well as its operation) is very expensive, not everyone can afford it. Therefore, during construction, it is more expedient to use a less expensive way to save money - to use cheap building materials.

Cheap DIY home: where to start?

We will immediately make a reservation that an unauthorized building must be legalized and you need to register it as property. To do this as quickly as possible, follow all state standards. First of all, draw up a competent plan of the site and the future home (it is better to entrust this matter to a qualified architect). In this plan, engineering communications are distributed, the method of pouring the foundation and building materials are selected. With a plan in hand, you can easily bring an inexpensive home project to life.

In addition, at preparatory work determine the order of construction. It will look something like this:

• foundation pouring;
• construction of the "box" of the house;
• carrying out all necessary communications;
• floor laying;
• roof construction (preferably in autumn or spring).

Following a simple technology, you can easily build a cozy inexpensive house.

Stage one: foundation of the house

Step 1. First of all, decide what type of foundation is suitable for the soil in your area. Dig a meter-long hole, if the soil is sandy, clay or rocky, and there is no water at the bottom, then you can safely build strip foundation about 70-80 cm deep. But if there is still water, then the depth of the base should exceed 1 m.

Step 2. Then remove the top layer of earth and mark the perimeter. Focusing on the markings, dig a trench of the required depth and fill the bottom with a sand cushion.

Step 3 Build the formwork using boards or plywood. Then mix the mortar for the foundation using cement, crushed stone and coarse sand. In this case, the thicker the solution, the stronger the base (ideally, the consistency should be like that of thick sour cream). Make the width of the foundation 20 cm more than the width of the walls. Be sure to reinforce it with metal fittings.

Step 4. Install a waterproofing layer - this will prevent the formation of cracks in the foundation and, therefore, increase its service life. Use roofing material for this, laying it in two layers at ground level. After that, build the base to the required height.

Step 5. After the insulating layer, lay out the foundation concrete blocks or brick. Make ventilation holes in two opposite walls to prevent moisture from rising in the floor. Then give the construction a little time to dry and lay the waterproofing (you can use any available material here).

Note! The final drying and shrinkage of the foundation will come only a few months after construction, so do not rush to build walls.

Stage two: walls

There are two ways to build walls.

1. A more reliable and, accordingly, expensive way is to build reinforced columns at the corners of the future house. Gather the reinforcement rods into a “bundle”, place them in the corners and fill them with concrete. In this case, you first need to build wooden formwork and after that start pouring.
2. If for one reason or another you cannot use the first method, then when building walls, simply strengthen them with reinforcement.

For walls, use one of the following materials:

• foam concrete;
• brick;
• shell rock;
• adobe;
• clay and glass bottles.

The cheapest of them is foam concrete, but it will not allow the walls to "breathe". Shellfish is more expensive, but it is recommended by experts in the construction of inexpensive houses. Window and door openings in this case will need to be strengthened, so equip them with metal corners.

The already finished "box" needs to be insulated. Use glass wool and brick for this. Lay the brick on the outside of the "box" so that there is a small gap between it and the shell rock. Fill this gap with glass wool - such material will not only insulate the house, but also protect it from the penetration of insects and rodents.

Note! Not all partitions can use drywall or brick. In the central part of the house should always be bearing walls, erected taking into account the underlying communications (that is, with the places left under them).

For load-bearing partitions, use metal profiles - install them, sheathe them with drywall and plaster.

Stage three: communications

Any house, even the cheapest one, needs water supply, heating and other communications. At the same time, all communications must be carried out after coordinating them with specialists - this will be a guarantee of safety and correct installation.

Heating

Use a gas boiler as a heat generator. This will significantly reduce heating costs, especially in winter time. And in view of the fact that the cold comes mainly from the earth, give preference to " warm floor' - execute it from plastic pipes and pour concrete screed. This will heat the whole house, but if this does not seem enough, then install the main heating system.

Another heating option is alternative, based on the use of solar and wind energy. By building with your own hands solar battery, you will not freeze in your house even in winter.

Plumbing, sewer system

Lay both communications before finishing and pouring the floor. Decide in advance on the location of rooms and household appliances that need drainage, and lay pipes in accordance with the plan.

If central sewerage and water supply are not available, you should think about building a small septic tank, for example, from eurocubes or concrete rings, as well as water supply. As a source of water, you can build a well or drill a well. However, the second option will hit your pocket hard.

Stage four: floor

At the end of the installation of communications, fill the floor with a concrete screed. Then cover with any suitable material- linoleum, tiles, laminate, etc. Nevertheless, it is recommended to use tiles, as the most practical and damage-resistant material. It is easy to clean, and when using "warm floors" it will never be cold. Moreover, you can pick up the cheapest tiles and cover it with cozy paths.

Stage five: roof and ceiling

At this stage of work around the walls, build a concrete belt for attaching the beams. Then, having laid the beams, fill the boards from below. During construction two-story house for overlapping it is better to use concrete slabs.

For the roof, first assemble the facing grid - this is necessary in any case, regardless of the one you choose roofing material. Lattices can differ only in a different step of the beams. It is recommended to use one of the following materials (due to financial considerations):

• ondulin;
• metal tile;
• corrugated board;
• slate.

From eco-friendly materials wood, straw, reeds are applicable.

Whatever material you choose, the roof must be insulated. Use glass wool for this - this is the most affordable and easy-to-install material.

Completion of construction. Interior arrangement

Roof construction is final stage building a house. Then you can proceed to the interior decoration. There are a lot of technologies and methods of internal arrangement, almost all existing design projects can be implemented with your own hands at little cost.

In a word, everything depends only on the richness of your imagination. An excellent option I can be stretch ceiling- having a relatively low cost, they will visually expand free space with its glossy finish. They perfectly reflect the light, while creating an unusual effect.

Also, arches and openings look good in the interior (they are easy to mount from drywall and metal profiles, or use wood and clay). Cover the walls with textured wallpaper (painted wallpaper, as they are also called), which you can make yourself. Various plasters are quite cheap. Wood trim looks great.

If you approach the matter competently and with soul, then the construction and arrangement of your own family nest will be inexpensive. The main thing is to clearly know what you can save on, and what is better not to do it.

What not to save

1. Do not save on technical supervision. Read at least a thousand articles on construction, but without experience you still won’t be able to control the quality and understand the essence of construction work. Engage an engineer or an experienced builder - in general, someone you would trust.
2. Don't skimp on communications. Heating, water supply, entrances to the yard, etc. are necessary elements comfortable life. Do not neglect any of the systems!
3. Do not save on the project - it must be drawn up by a specialist, taking into account the climatic conditions of your area. Be sure to tie the project to specific building conditions. So, it often happens that the developer did not want to pay the designers for tying the foundation, having listened to the advice of the contractor (who is more expensive, the better), as a result of which the foundation turned out to be too large a margin of safety. Binding will minimize the cost of building the foundation of the house.

We also note that construction and design should be carried out by different people with different opinions and interests. This will allow you to make the right decision and avoid unnecessary expenses.

Video - How to build a house inexpensively