Gate and fence 

Knots drawings block container cube east. Manufacturing technology of the power frame block container. Insulation of a sea container with polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene: methods of fixing plates

Change houses have several main purposes: organization of life at a construction site, temporary housing in a country house, organization of checkpoints, warehouses, and much more. Depending on the purpose of the change house, its design and size are chosen.

Types of structures of change houses

All change houses that are sold today can be divided into two general groups:

The former are often used in summer cottages as a temporary building for the warm season. Well-insulated timber products with a heating system allow you to live in them all year round. The construction change house is a collapsible structure, the basis of which is a metal frame. A detailed drawing will help you fold this design with your own hands without any problems.

The basis of all change houses are structural elements that have clear dimensions. Thus, a change house can be built and finished inside from:

  • boards and timber;
  • galvanized sheets;
  • natural or plastic lining;
  • insulating materials.

The change house itself is a very simple structure, with dimensions of length-6.0 m, width-2.40 m, height-2.4 m, which, as a rule, consists of:

  • channel bent 100-120 mm.
  • corner posts - corner 75x75
  • roofing - metal sheet 1.5 mm. cold-sleeved, smooth
  • warming - mineral wool, thickness 50 mm URSA (floor, ceiling, walls)
  • vapor barrier - technical film
  • entrance door - frame, sheathed with sheet C-8 0.4 mm., or metal
  • interior door, if provided by the design
  • window - 800 * 1000 mm wooden or plastic, 2 glasses
  • the outer casing of the block container is galvanized sheet C8, 0.4 mm.
  • interior decoration- Fiberboard (hardboard) or lining
  • floor - edged board 20-25 mm.

Depending on it, it can consist of one solid space, have a vestibule, or be divided into several rooms.

Block container design

The structural basis for creating block containers is a metal channel. The walls of such a product are assembled from special sandwich panels. Block containers are very easy to assemble and have a relatively low cost.

The block container can easily be converted into a living space. Having cut openings for windows and doors, installing metal-plastic structures there, performing internal work in it and creating a heating system there, you can feel great in such a room even in the cold season.

Construction of a wooden house

As for wooden structures, the basis for them is a bar with a section of 100-150 mm. Inside, the change house is insulated and sheathed with wooden clapboard. Such change houses in comparison with other designs are very light and warm. They heat up faster and retain heat very well. One of the advantages of such buildings is that there is no need to lay a foundation under them.

by the most the best option for such buildings are coniferous bars. They will give the change house increased strength and reliability. This design will last more than one year. It can be used as a place to live or for a bath.

Construction of a metal shed

For the implementation of large construction projects that are being built for several years, it stands on a metal frame. Its service life is 5 years. The basis for a metal change house is a frame, which is finished on the outside with corrugated board or a polymer coating. As an interior decoration can serve:

  • PVC panel;
  • wooden lining;
  • hardboard.

As a rule, a flat roof is used here, which needs additional protection. The design of the house with flat roof allows you to install such products on top of each other in the form of a modular city.

The design of block containers and security posts is based on a metal frame, which consists of a bent channel 120x50x3 and 140x60x4 mm, steel 3SP / PS-5, GOST 8278-83, which serves as the lower and upper strapping. Metal corner posts are also made of 3SP/PS-5 steel and have a C-shaped profile to increase the strength and stability of the frame.

All metal parts are welded together. Welded seams are strengthened with metal mortgages, corner scarves and plates.

The framework of a metal change house and a post of protection becomes enameled interfering emergence of corrosion and a rust. Enamel color can be chosen according to the customer's request.

The roof of the block container is made of sheet metal St08ps5, TU 14-106-321-2010 1.2 mm thick. Sheets of metal are welded together in a continuous seam by semi-automatic welding in a carbon dioxide environment - this is the most reliable type of welding that will provide protection against water penetration through the roof, its integrity and durability. The roof, as well as the frame, is enameled to prevent corrosion.

The metal frame is reinforced with a wooden crate, which consists of a bar conifers wood of natural moisture, section 100x40 mm. The wooden frame serves to increase the strength of the structure and to fasten the internal and exterior finish.

Mineral wool from various manufacturers, such as URSA, Knauf, ISOVER, ROCKWOOL, is used as a heater. Depending on the wishes of the customer, the insulation thickness of the block container can be 50 or 100 mm. Stone wool insulation and soundproof mineral wool panels can be used.

The interior decoration of the block container and the security post is distinguished by its appearance and quality finishing materials. The main criterion for selecting interior finishes is the purpose of the chosen design. For example, for the resettlement of construction teams or for a warehouse at a construction site, tire fitting - a block container with an economy class finish, such as "hardboard (Fibreboard)" or "DVPO (Refined Fiberboard)", is suitable. A block container designed for organizing a sales office, a store, an engineering staff headquarters, a security post - a more expensive and high-quality finish will do. Such as "MDF panels", wooden lining. Of course, these examples are not mutually exclusive. Very often in our company orders metal cabins for the resettlement of construction teams with excellent interior decoration - MDF panels.

For the outer finishing of the block container, galvanized C8 profiled sheet, 0.4/0.45 mm thick, is used. Professional sheet C8 has a large number of stiffening ribs, which creates additional reinforcement of the walls of the block container, its reliability and integrity. As an additional equipment, we offer a profiled sheet with a polymer coating (RAL), which can be of various colors. With colors and options appearance You can get acquainted in the configurator of the appearance of the block container and the guard post.

As standard, the block container has wooden windows measuring 80x65 centimeters (for glass). Wooden windows have double glazing. To improve the comfort and other qualities of the block container and the security post, we can offer plastic tilt-and-turn windows 90x80 centimeters in size.

The floors of the block container have a multilayer structure. At the base of the block container there is a rough edged board, which is the "bottom" of the structure and on which a vapor barrier film and insulation are laid. The last clean layer is moisture resistant chipboard 16 mm., or tongue-and-groove floorboard 28 mm. As an improvement in comfort, durability and safety of the floor, we suggest laying linoleum.

As entrance doors We use several types of different doors in the block container and security post.

For the duration of construction or just for temporary residence in the country, quite often an easy-to-build and unpretentious building is required. As they say, cheap and cheerful. Often such temporary buildings are built of wood and have minimal functionality. But today, widespread the new kind temporary buildings - block container. It can serve as both temporary housing for builders, and quite permanent for summer residents. It is quite easy to build a block container with your own hands, and its functionality will allow you to fully enjoy the fruits of civilization outside the city.

Types of block containers

When planning to erect a block container on the site, it is necessary to decide in advance what it will be like. It depends on how much money and effort will be spent on its installation. The fact is that block containers can be divided into three types according to the assembly method: own assembly, converted from a transport container and a collapsible block container. Each of these types of block containers has its own advantages and disadvantages. Which of them will be preferred depends only on the wishes and financial capabilities of the owners.

Such structures are mostly built with their own hands from scratch and according to their own drawing. For their frame, metal corners are used, for external walls corrugated board, interior decoration is carried out by sheathing with clapboard or plywood, stone or mineral wool is used as insulation. hallmark such block containers are non-standard sizes. In fact, such a block container can be made by hand in any size and shape. For the construction of the entire structure will require welding machine and the skill of working with it, which can be a decisive factor in favor of a container of your own assembly.

Today, block containers converted from transport ones are especially popular. They have a lot of pros, but also a lot of cons. The main advantage of such a container is already finished construction, which remains only to be slightly improved. But such a drawback as standard sizes, when choosing, may not play in favor of a shipping container. Of course, as temporary housing for workers, it is quite suitable, but as a seasonal country house it can be very uncomfortable.

With the development of the market and technologies in construction, block containers began to appear, which are easy to mount and also easy to disassemble. Collapsible containers are very popular with construction companies. They can be disassembled and stored in a warehouse, fortunately - they take up little space, and if necessary, quickly build change houses for workers at the construction site. The production of such block containers is carried out by specialized companies. The design itself is for the most part similar to a self-made block container, but the use of sandwich plates as walls, floors and ceilings clearly distinguishes a collapsible block container. If you don’t want to bother with welding, then if you have a certain amount, you can purchase a ready-made block container and simply assemble it as a constructor. For a prefabricated block container, the price ranges from 2,000 USD. up to 5 000 c.u. and depends on the internal area.

Container installation

Having decided on the type of block container, you can proceed with its installation. As already noted, each type of block containers requires certain labor costs. The most laborious is homemade. To create it, you will first have to complete the drawing, purchase materials, then assemble the frame and sheathe it. The simplest and least labor-intensive collapsible container. But also total cost may be higher. Consider how to assemble each of these types of block containers with your own hands.

Building a block container from scratch

Starting work on creating a homemade block container, the first thing to do is its drawing. To do this, you can use a computer program such as ArchiCad, or you can simply draw a simple drawing on a piece of paper. In the drawing, it is necessary to indicate all the dimensions of the future block container, indicating the installation location of the door and windows. For your own made block container, you can choose almost any size that is convenient for you. But there is one important point. If in the future it is necessary to transport such a container, then its width should not exceed 2.5 m. To create a block container, the drawing must contain a description of all materials and dimensions. Particular attention should be paid to the frame, namely the place of installation of the door and windows. For the doorway and windows, you will need to install additional racks. Finally, we indicate the material for wall cladding and insulation. From materials the following will be required:

  • for the frame, a bent channel 100 mm;
  • metal sheets 2 mm thick for the subfloor;
  • galvanized corrugated board for external cladding;
  • wooden beam ok 40x100 mm for the log and the inner frame;
  • boards 25x200 mm for the floor, as well as flooring, for example, linoleum;
  • superdiffusion membrane for vapor and moisture protection;
  • insulation (mineral or stone wool) for walls, floors and ceilings;
  • plywood or plastic lining for interior lining;
  • windows and door.

From the tool you will need Bulgarian, welding machine, tape measure, drill, manual circular, a hammer, screwdriver. As for fasteners for wood, then you can opt for self-tapping screws or nails.

Having acquired everything necessary, we proceed to the construction of a block container. Begin from the preparation of the site for the installation of a block container. To do this, level the ground and carefully tamp it down. To prevent the container from standing on bare ground, a simple foundation must be created under it. To do this, you can build brick columns, lay concrete slabs or create a pile foundation.

Next, we proceed to cutting pieces of the channel for the frame using a grinder. Having received the required number of pieces of the desired size, we proceed to welding them. at first create bottom trim. To do this, we take a channel corresponding to the length and width of the block container, lay it out on the previously prepared surface and weld it together into one continuous frame. During the welding process, the corners can lead, so that this does not happen, it is necessary to grab the corner at several points, then check and, if everything is fine, then completely weld the entire seam to the end.

Important! To make a simple shed roof, it is enough to cut several racks of greater length. Usually the racks on the side of the door are made longer. But this approach is justified if it is not planned to create a different type of roof.

Having welded the bottom trim, go to the stands. They will be located in the corners of the strapping, one or two from the back wall, as well as in the area of ​​​​the doorway and windows. We start from the corners. After the rack is installed, it is necessary that the partner holds it in a strictly vertical position while the welder grabs the rack in several places. And if it turned out to be done without tilt, then we finally weld the rack. For additional stability, triangular braces can be welded on the bottom of the rack. We weld all the other racks in the same way.

Important! The distance between the posts of the doorway should be equal to the width of the door. Also, for reliability, a jumper is welded between them at the top. The height from the lintel to the corner should be equal to the height of the door. The same applies to window openings. But in them, in addition to the top, there must also be a lower jumper.

The next step will be top trim welding. Everything is pretty simple here. On top of the already welded racks along the perimeter, corners for the upper trim are laid and welded.

After the framework has been created, Let's get the flooring done for the block container. For this, a draft floor is first created from metal sheets. This is done in order to protect the wooden finishing floor from moisture and the penetration of rodents into the block container. Sheets are laid out inside the frame. Their edges should be placed inside the bent channel, and also rest on the foundation. When the sheets are laid out and their edges are fitted close to each other, we spot-weld the sheets together. After that, we lay several narrow pieces of metal on top of the seam so that they are placed perpendicular to the main seam, and weld them. Finally, we weld the sheets along the seam.

Further we proceed to the sheathing of the block container with galvanized corrugated board. Everything is pretty simple here. Sheets of corrugated board are wound from the inside of the frame. If the height of the sheets is somewhat larger, then they can be cut with a grinder without much difficulty. Decking is fixed to the frame in several ways. You can use short metal screws with a wide head, or you can fix it with tear-off rivets.

Important! When installing sheets in window openings, the sheet should be overlapped by 3 - 4 cm on the window opening. This is necessary in order to hide cracks and places blown with foam after installing windows.

Finished with the walls go to the roof of the block container. For the roof itself, we use the same corrugated board. The only thing that will need to be done is to weld a few more jumpers between the walls to securely fasten the corrugated board. Next, we lay the corrugated board itself and fix it to the metal frame.

The next step will be creation of a wooden frame, its insulation and cladding. The frame itself is needed for laying the insulation so that the latter does not fall out and does not crumble. To do this, we use a wooden beam. First, we install the racks, then we make jumpers between them. Inner dimensions between racks and jumpers must correspond to the size of the insulation, minus 5 - 10 mm for secure fixing inside. Now we lay a superdiffusion membrane over the frame and fix it to the wooden frame with a stapler. Finally, a heater is laid inside the frame and a superdiffusion membrane is again laid on top of it. It remains only to sheathe the walls with plywood or clapboard. Similarly, we sheathe the ceiling.

As for the floor, it will be on wooden joists laid on metal sheets. Its creation is similar to wall cladding. First we lay the logs. We choose the step between them in such a way that the insulation fits there. Then we lay the insulation and lay the membrane on top. It remains to lay and fix the boards for the floor itself. The boards themselves need to be sharpened, adjusted closely and fixed to the joists with nails or screws, and a finishing floor covering should be laid on top of them.

Now go to windows and doors. Since such a block container is intended for temporary residence, it will not be superfluous to take care of a strong and reliable door. It would be best to make it yourself from steel sheets. But the creation of such a door requires a lot of experience, so it's easier to buy or make to order. The door itself is installed on metal hinges, which are welded to the racks from a bent channel. When installing the hinges, it is necessary to strictly ensure that they are in line. For metal door three loops are installed. Two above, at a distance of 20 and 50 cm from the edge of the door and one below, at a distance of 30 cm from the threshold. After that, the doors are hung in place.

As for windows, there is one important point. Windows are vulnerable to burglary, so they will need to be protected with bars. The grate itself is welded to a steel channel, which acts as a window opening. The windows themselves can be both wooden and metal-plastic. When installing, it is necessary to check the vertical of the window so that it does not collapse. The gaps between the window frame and the channel bar can be foamed. This completes the creation of a homemade block container. If desired, additional finishing work can be carried out inside.

Alteration of an already finished sea container

The fashion for everything Western has also touched block containers. Today it has become popular to use block containers converted from sea shipping containers as change houses or even permanent housing. The cost of a block container converted from a transport container may turn out to be somewhat higher in comparison with a home-made one, but there is an order of magnitude less work on its arrangement.

To make a metal block container converted from a transport container, the first thing to do is to select and purchase the used container itself. Ads for the sale of transport containers can be found without problems. Such containers are produced in several sizes: standard and HC (High Cube). Respectively 20 and 40 feet long (6 and 12 meters), 2.35 m wide and 2.4 m and 2.7 m high. e. Such standard sizes impose certain restrictions, especially it is unpleasant in relation to the width of the container. But the way out of this situation can be the docking of two or more containers. To create a habitable block container from a transport, you need to do the following:

  • purchase one or more containers and deliver them to the site;
  • while the containers are on the way, prepare and level the site for its installation;
  • as in the case of a self-made one, a transport container is created simple easy foundation;
  • after delivery, the container is installed in place. To do this, you must pre-order a crane;
  • if the containers are docked, then after their installation we cut off the adjoining walls with the help of a grinder;
  • at the docking point, where the lower and upper trims, as well as vertical posts, pass, we weld them together;
  • if there is only one container, then we proceed to cutting openings for windows and doors. We do this with the help of an autogen or a grinder;
  • for the security of the door doorway you can install two vertical racks from a metal corner;
  • further work will consist in finishing the block container. They are identical to the work described for a homemade block container. The only important difference would be the need exterior finish, namely painting or cladding metal walls.

Of all the block containers, the most expensive and at the same time the easiest to assemble is the collapsible block container. Such containers are made to order at a specialized enterprise. The prefabricated block container has a standard width of 2.5 m, and its length can vary from 2.5 m to 6 m. It is also possible to create a longer block container. The assembly of such a container is carried out by two installers and resembles a conventional constructor, the assembly time is from 4 to 6 hours. Such high assembly rates are due to the use of sandwich panels and pre-fitted parts. When doing DIY assembly for the first time, the enterprise can provide its specialist and full set assembly documentation.

Prefabricated containers are mounted in several stages. At the first, a frame is assembled, which is connected with bolts. On the second, the floor is laid and the roof is mounted. In the third stage, the walls are installed. Finally, windows and doors are installed. On the photo demonstrating a collapsible block container, you can see how easy and simple such containers are to be mounted.

There are no special secrets or difficulties in creating block containers. The main thing that is needed is the ability to handle the tool. Since it depends on this whether you can assemble the entire structure with your own hands. For those who are not used to or do not know how to work with their own hands, we can recommend hiring specialists and purchasing a ready-made block container.

was laid frame technology. However, instead of lumber and KDK (glued laminated timber), seamless or bent rolled metal was used. Depending on the purpose and method of operation, both frame technologies were used for the construction of block containers - Platform and Balun.

Later, panel-type block containers made of a metal sandwich arose. At the same time, manufacturing methods differ significantly in material consumption and labor costs. All this affects the cost of production, maintainability and service life as a whole.

Procurement of materials

To reduce the cost of block containers, instead of cold / hot rolled metal, a bent profile of a standard and complex section is often used. Therefore, the manufacturer buys only sheet steel and equips its workshops with guillotines and bending machines.

Croy

Unlike long drawn and rolled metal products, the length of a bent profile is limited by the size of shears and bending machines. But modern guillotines have CNC, which significantly reduces the complexity of operations and increases accuracy. Therefore, the prefabricated block container has ideally fitted landing surfaces.

bending

To give blanks from sheet metal strips of complex spatial shape, modern equipment is also used. Specifically, for the manufacture of block containers, a bent profile is much more profitable than factory rolled metal for a number of reasons:

  • for some positions of the assortment there are simply no analogues;
  • even with a minimum wall thickness of the channel and angle, the margin of safety exceeds 300 - 500%;
  • bent profile reduces the material consumption of production and the cost of the final product.

Designers lay down the actual required values ​​for the width of the shelves, bending radii, based on specific structural and operational loads

Splice

Short pieces of a bent profile have to be spliced ​​by welding. To ensure the high quality of the spatial geometry of the assortment, special conductors and permanent connection technologies are used, for example, semi-automatic welding in a protective gas environment.

Technology Platform

The features of the wireframe method using the Platform technology are:

  • first made bottom trim frame, a draft floor is laid, which later serves as a platform;
  • the walls are assembled horizontally in place on the platform and then raised to a vertical position and bolted or welded together.

In Platform technology, assembly is always floor-by-floor, which is ideal for modular building construction methods.

Wall frames

The Platform method was basically created for assembly frame houses in a building site. In the factory, the enclosing structures of the block containers are manufactured on conductors using modern equipment. Therefore, it makes no sense to perform all operations on draft floor platform, you can do it on the conveyor, and then assemble the module from ready-made elements.

At the joints, either fitting parts (45 degree angle) or gussets are used to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe welding joint. First, a wall frame is constructed, then racks are added along the contour of door and window openings, crossbars and horizontal lintels as necessary.

Welding and seam processing

In industrial conditions, in the presence of machine tools, equipment, special tools and specialists who know how to use all this professionally, the quality of the block container increases dramatically. Welded seams are cleaned with an angle grinder with abrasive equipment after non-destructive testing OTK departments.

Then Wall panels are joined on the platform by welding, a single spatial frame with a high margin of safety is created.

Coloring

During in-line production, paint shops are equipped with spray booths and booths, which allow to reduce the consumption of paintwork materials, improve the quality of the protective and decorative coating and comply with the requirements of OT, fire safety of the facility and environmental standards.

In this case, multi-layer powder and dispersion coatings are used to protect against corrosion. The requirements of the technical process are fully met, the paint is applied after the manufacture of the welds.

Technology Balun

In some cases, the Balun frame technology is used, which has some features:

  • first, the lower strapping belt is made;
  • racks from a bent or seamless profile are welded onto it;
  • an upper strapping belt is created on top of the racks, and crossbars are mounted above the door / window openings.

This technology is less material-intensive in comparison with the Platform. However, thick-walled rolled metal is used here to reinforce the frames of block containers designed for heavy operating conditions or placement technological equipment. In the enclosing structures, the Sever container block contains the required amount thermal insulation material for specific climatic conditions of the region.

Internal wooden frame

The walls, floors and ceilings of a classic block container are multi-layered. The outer cladding is usually a corrugated steel sheet, which can be fixed without problems on the elements of the load-bearing frame made of rolled metal.

Internal walls are made of wood-containing sheet materials - chipboard, OSB, CSP, MDF, plywood. They are more convenient to attach to wooden frame, which is created from boards or a bar mounted on metal racks.

The cells of the crate are filled with insulation for all-weather operation or regions with a harsh climate. In options block containers Lux wiring engineering systems usually made inside frame structures.

At the exit, the block container has at least 85% readiness for operation, since the interiors and facades are already finished at the factory, communications are routed, and they have outlet fittings for connecting to life support systems at the facility.

Block container from sandwich panels

When using sandwich panels as a wall material, the container block manufacturing technology is simplified as much as possible:

  • the metal sandwich is self-supporting;
  • the number of racks of the power frame is sharply reduced;
  • reduced material consumption and labor intensity of production;
  • insulation is already embedded in the building envelope.

However, the cost of sandwich panels is much higher than that of the structural materials of which they are composed, if you buy them separately. Therefore, a block container made of sandwich panels costs almost the same as a container made in the usual way. Collapsible options are more expensive, but in some cases it is much more convenient to use, for example, with frequent relocations of construction teams.

The manufacturer of Change Houses RF sells block containers of all the specified types. And designs from them modular buildings of any purpose of increased comfort.

Scheme of a metal block container shows the standard arrangement of windows and doors, partitions and walls. You can change all this, as close as possible to what you need. The advantage of such designs is that they can be changed with great ease, while the quality does not decrease. Transporting a block container is also easier than wooden house. Its fastenings are more reliable, the walls are stronger. A change house of this format is quite well prepared for the cold. Company KRAUS offers you typical schemes the most common. With us, purchasing any change house, you receive a certificate of conformity.

Scheme of a modular block container

studying diagram of a modular block container for consultation, You can not always imagine how this house will look like in reality. It is possible that you want to change something. That is why there is an opportunity to visit our exhibition area. Here you will see our work, feel the strength of the fasteners, learn how the finished structure looks like. Block containers made of sandwich panels, manufactured by our company, meet all sanitary and hygienic requirements. Moisture will not get into them, anti-corrosion, moisture-resistant coating will protect the house and extend its service life. for giving, which is based on sandwich panels, does not depend on temperature changes and climatic influences.