Insulation of foam concrete walls from the outside. How to properly insulate a house from foam blocks: an overview of the best ways. Cold air insulation options

Everyone wants to make their home as comfortable and warm as possible. Warming a house from foam blocks allows you to achieve not only a good result and an aesthetic appearance, but also save on heating. There are several types of heaters that allow you to quickly carry out all the work. They have different characteristics and indicators, can be mounted different ways but will last a very long time. The material is selected depending on certain indicators and the wishes of the customer. It is necessary to insulate foam block houses only after the construction of all load-bearing walls.

In some cases, insulation and exterior cladding is done simultaneously with the construction of walls. Source subscribe.ru

Foam block houses are very common due to a number of characteristics of the building material. It is inexpensive, big sizes, so buildings are built quickly. However, the blocks are quite fragile and can be easily negative influence moisture, wind, have an unaesthetic appearance. In addition, it has poor thermal performance. There is only one solution to this problem - the use of thermal insulation materials. With their help, you can solve such a complex problem as the preservation of heat in the house, especially in very coldy. Thanks to modern thermal insulation materials, you can create a good microclimate, as in small house, and very large. The main thing is to entrust all the work to qualified specialists and purchase only high-quality materials.

Features of foam block insulation

Insulation of a house made of foam blocks from the outside is considered the most optimal solution. This will keep the heat inside the building, and the walls will not freeze through. For best results, use quality materials, which retain heat better, their characteristics and last much longer. Additionally, it is necessary to use waterproofing, since the foam block has poor resistance to moisture. If this is not done, then both the building blocks themselves and the used insulation will be damaged.

Such a "pie of foam blocks, insulation and exterior finish, obtained after the completion of all work Source stoyer.ru

Before starting the insulation of the house, it is required to determine the optimal thermal insulation materials. Often, expanded polystyrenes and fibrous materials are considered to be such, polyurethane foam can be used:

Styrofoam or Styrofoam. The most accessible, popular and widespread material. It is practical, easy to mount to various surfaces, has good characteristics, can be covered with plaster, paint or siding. High rates of thermal protection, long-term operation, minimum vapor permeability and moisture saturation, not subject to biological effects. A negative indicator is high fire safety

Video description

We will dwell in more detail on the insulation of the house with foam plastic. Find out how safe polystyrene foam is in our video:

Mineral wool. Available and common material, can only be used in slabs, rolls settle over time.

Warm plaster. It is applied to the reinforced mesh only after shrinkage of the house, it has little effectiveness in regions with strong and prolonged low temperatures, requires additional insulation from the inside.

Even warm plaster has to be additionally insulated if the region does not indulge in warmth in winter time Source gis-msk.ru

Basalt fiber. At the heart of the material are individual fibers of different origin. A fixed layer of air is formed inside, providing high rates of heat preservation. The material has a long service life, excellent fire and vapor-permeable performance, and is resistant to chemical and biological influences. But at the same time, basalt fiber has a high hygroscopicity, due to strong winds quickly collapses, if the installation technology is not observed, shrinkage is noted.

polyurethane foam. Despite all the quality indicators, the material has one big drawback - its installation requires the involvement of specialists and the use of special equipment. According to its characteristics, it is almost identical to expanded polystyrene, it creates a durable coating over the entire surface.

All of these materials have their own disadvantages and advantages. Protection for a heat insulator can be stone masonry, plaster, brick. Decorative brick facades of private houses, photos of which can be provided by qualified developers, are difficult to distinguish from a full-fledged brick building.

When insulating walls, special attention should be paid to windows and doors. Source fabrika-betonov.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer home insulation services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Insulation installation

After the question is resolved, the better to insulate the house from foam blocks, you need to deal with the installation process. When using styrofoam, the work is carried out in the following order:

Before starting work on the insulation of the house, it is required to carefully clean and sand the surface, prime all walls, special attention is paid to all joints.

Then the metal frame is placed. The distance between the vertical drains corresponds to the width of the insulation. As the basis of the frame, a galvanized drywall profile or wooden beams coated with an antiseptic can be used.

It is better to fasten the rack without drilling and dowels; self-tapping screws must be screwed in immediately. The foam block is very fragile and loose.

After mounting the frame, the insulation is cut, glued to the wall, fixed using a windproof membrane to protect against steam and moisture, all joints and fasteners are puttied.

Video description

In our video, we will look at how polystyrene is produced, is polystyrene harmful and where is it used?

How to insulate a house from aerated concrete or foam block from the outside mineral wool:

a metal crate is mounted as in the previous case;

material is cut with a clerical knife;

the material can be attached with a glue gun, the glue is applied around the perimeter of the material and in the center;

Roll or slab heaters are fastened with special nails with wide hats. Source saucyintruder.org

a windproof membrane is applied, it can be fixed to the insulation with dish-shaped nails;

finishing materials are installed.

Plaster applied in a slightly different way:

Walls are primed, chips and cracks are smeared;

A reinforcing mesh is mounted around the perimeter, an overlap of 20-30 cm is made at all corners.

The plaster is prepared according to the instructions, applied to the wall with a spatula, evenly distributed.

After drying, the mesh is fixed again, decorative plaster is applied.

Video description

Visually about plastering walls made of foam concrete, see the video:

In any case, it must be remembered that the order of work depends only on the selected material.

Thermal insulator protection

Each insulation requires a certain protection. Mineral wool is exposed to the negative effects of wind and moisture, polyurethane foam and expanded polystyrene - to sunlight and fire. That is why their high-quality shelter is required in order to preserve the heat-insulating material and avoid repeated repairs. Various building materials can be used to protect the thermal insulator.

One of the most aesthetic and durable materials is masonry. However, the stone is the most costly and time-consuming. And this is due to the fact that it is required to expand the foundation by a thickness that will correspond to the insulation layer, taking into account the plastering used. To save money on gluing insulation, you can immediately carry out two operations - mount the insulator and lay the brick in parallel. When using blocks, the use of plaster is additionally required. However, the cost of such work is paid off by the price of foam concrete and the time of work.

After finishing the finish, it is difficult to understand what the house is built from. Source 51.spb.ru

Wet facade technology is widely used for polystyrene foam and basalt insulation. In this case, you need to clean the walls of debris. Seams and irregularities are worked out with mortar. The walls are primed, and thermal insulation is attached to the surface with a special composition. Adhesive compositions can have different compositions, so you need to use those options that are recommended by manufacturers for certain thermal insulation materials. After a certain time, the plates are fastened with umbrella dowels, the recesses are leveled with an adhesive solution. Then the mesh is applied to the glue, the entire surface is plastered, after drying another layer of decorative plaster.

The most time-consuming option is a ventilated facade. In this case, lamellas and panels are used. It is very important to think in advance about the arrangement of the future crate with special ventilation gaps. The surface must be cleaned and leveled, the boards laid vertically, which allows creating air gaps. A vapor barrier membrane is used on top, logs are stuffed, a thermal insulator is laid in between, and a waterproofing film is on top. When the ventilation gap is ready, counter rails are mounted vertically on which it is attached facing material.

Source optimap.ru

The benefits of insulation

The obvious and most important advantage of using insulation for foam blocks is the preservation of heat inside the house and saving money on heating in cold period. This is the most acceptable and profitable option for such houses. Additionally, the material is protected from the destructive effects of moisture, wind, temperature changes. Another advantage is the removal of the dew point beyond the building envelope. This feature allows you to avoid freezing blocks and as a result of their premature destruction.

It is important to note that carrying out procedures for warming the building from the inside leads to significant losses of usable area. It is advisable to carry out such work inside the house only if the time and money costs are less. Also, this option is suitable if the building is already in operation or an expensive finish has been applied to it.

Video description

How to properly insulate a house from gas silicate blocks for finishing with facade panels, see the video:

Conclusion

When building a house from a foam block, it is very important to carry out its high-quality insulation. This increases the efficiency of the heating system and the comfort of living. Insulating a house from foam blocks outside with expanded polystyrene is considered one of the best, cost-effective and durable options. The material has good characteristics, is easy to install and affordable, can be used in various regions of the country. You can choose other thermal insulation, but be sure to consult with the master. It must be understood that some materials will not be the most the best option for certain regions of the country.

Foam blocks are very often used for the construction of private houses, this is due to their affordable cost, as well as high rates of heat and sound insulation.

All work on the insulation of the house can be divided into those that are carried out outside and those that are performed inside the house.

It doesn’t matter if you decide to insulate the walls of the house on your own or will invite specialists for this, first you need to decide where it is better to do this, outside or inside?

Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, and to understand which one to choose in your case, you need to familiarize yourself with them.

Benefits of insulating walls inside:

• does not change appearance Houses;
• such work can be carried out at any time, regardless of weather conditions;
• small expenses will be required;
• work is done quickly.

But this method has a number of significant drawbacks that must be considered when choosing it for home insulation:

1. before performing work, you will have to completely free the room from furniture and other items;
2. there is a reduction in the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, which is very important in small rooms;
3. the dew point shifts inside the wall, from which it becomes wet, and fungus and mold begin to form on the walls inside the room.

Carrying out these works outside the house is also not an ideal option, as it has some disadvantages:

• in order to carry out such work, it will be necessary to build scaffolding, and these are additional costs not only of finance, but also of time;
• the appearance of the facade changes, and this is not always acceptable;
• the performance of work depends on weather factors: in rain, snow, with strong winds, they cannot be carried out;
• in case of violation of the technology of work, after a while such as may disappear.

Among the advantages of this method of insulation, it is worth noting the following:

1. there is no need to move and take out furniture;
2. does not take away the free space of the room;
3. the dew point moves to the outer part of the wall, so the room will always be dry and fungus and mold will not form on the walls.

If you want to insulate the walls of your house as much as possible, then it is recommended to carry out this both outside and inside the room at the same time.

But if you finish the facade with facing stone or tiles, you will have to do the insulation from the inside.

How to insulate

Since the foam block has not very high strength, it is necessary to use lightweight materials for it.

Outside

The most commonly used insulation for the exterior walls of the house:

1. Mineral wool. This is inexpensive material having high thermal insulation characteristics. It is vapor-permeable, so moisture does not linger inside the blocks, has a long service life, and is not combustible. It is necessary to protect the material well from moisture, otherwise its characteristics are reduced, and it is necessary to work in a respirator.
2. Expanded polystyrene (polystyrene). This material is not afraid of high humidity, it is frost-resistant, has an affordable cost. Please note that under the action of sunlight, the foam is destroyed, so it requires additional coverage.

Inside

If you decide to carry out these works inside the house, then first decide whether you need to do this.

Foam concrete has high heat and sound insulation characteristics, and if you additionally insulate it from the outside, then there is no need to do this inside.

If you decide to perform insulation only inside, you will get a result in which the walls will freeze through, steam condenses and therefore fungus and mold begin to develop inside the room.

If you decide to insulate the walls of foam blocks inside, then this must be done at the same time outside the house.

materials

Indoors, it is best to use fiberglass or basalt wool as a heater, and so that you can lay it yourself, it is recommended to take it not in rolls, but in slabs.

Cork

This material acts not only as a heater, but can also be a finishing coating.

Before using it, the walls must be properly leveled with, they must be clean and dry. The only drawback of cork is its high cost.

Penofol

If you insulate them with foam concrete walls, then about 95% of the heat will remain inside the room. Thanks to the presence of foil, heat returns to the room.

The plates are laid tightly, and all joints are glued with adhesive tape, after which you can proceed with the installation of the finishing material.

polyurethane foam

This is a foamy material, with the help of which all cracks and voids are sealed, so cold bridges are not formed.

This material hardens within 20-30 seconds after application and will serve for at least 50 years.

The disadvantage of polyurethane foam is its low vapor permeability and the fact that additional equipment is required for its application.

Do-it-yourself external thermal insulation

When insulating walls made of foam concrete, it must be taken into account that this is a rather fragile material, so experts recommend mounting the insulation not on ordinary screws or dowels, but on glue or plastic screws so that cracks do not form in the block.

Instruction

For insulation, it is recommended to use plate materials, it can be mineral wool or foam:

1. at first walls are cleaned of dirt, stains and dust if required, they are aligned;
2. surface primed, which will prevent the glue from soaking into the wall and act as a waterproofing;
3. for the installation of plates, use special glue for outdoor work;
4. a metal guide is fixed at the bottom of the wall, which in its width corresponds to the thickness of the insulation;
5. glue is applied along the edge and in the center of the plate, after which it is pressed against the wall and held a little, the work is done from below and gradually moves up;
6. after installing the insulation, a reinforcing mesh is used, which sits on glue, after which, instead of plastering, the house can be sheathed with clapboard.

under siding

You can do this in another way: first, a waterproofing film is attached to the wall, then vertical guides are mounted, mineral wool is inserted between them.

Then it is covered with a vapor barrier film, a crate is made to create a ventilation gap and the walls are sheathed with clapboard.

Thermal panels

Thermal panels are another way to insulate walls from the outside. This material is a layer of foam, which is finished with cement mortar.

You can choose the thermal panel of your choice, it can imitate almost any facing materials.

Between themselves, the panels are fastened with the help of special locks, and they are fixed with the help of dowels, after which the fastening points are massaged with a cement mixture.

Installation of thermal panels can be performed at almost any time of the year, the main thing is that the walls are dry and even.

• If you primed the walls of foam blocks with a deep penetration primer, then you do not need to additionally lay a waterproofing film inside the hanging.
• The frame is made of a metal profile, mounted on, the step corresponds to the size of the insulation. The foil located on the plates should be directed inside the house.

Conclusion

As you can see, after, you can insulate in different ways and materials. When performing these works, it must be remembered that in this case, it will be enough to do only the insulation of the walls from the outside.

If you decide to do this inside, then be sure to carry out the same work outside the building.

Useful video

Insulation outside the walls of foam blocks, video:

In contact with

The foam block as a building material retains heat quite well due to the large amount of air in the internal cavities. But, as a rule, the thickness of the walls of houses built from foam blocks is small, and additional insulation is needed to reduce the cost of space heating. Internal insulation, unlike external, will be cheaper, it is less labor-intensive. The insulation can be easily removed from the walls of the house and replaced as needed. But before choosing a heater, you need to consider important factor, which is of great importance if you insulate a house from foam blocks from the inside. A residential heated room creates a difference in temperature and humidity levels compared to the external environment. In the event that the insulating layers of the walls are designed correctly, then the vapor barrier is directed from the inside of the room to the outside. In the event of a technology violation, a high level of humidity is observed in the house, the corners of such houses can freeze in the cold, and condensation accumulates on the walls and mold appears. Warming the house from the inside, unfortunately, carries all these risks, so first of all you need to think about a good ventilation system to remove excess moisture and steam. The problem can also be solved if the insulation is laid between two layers of vapor barrier materials (for example, fiberglass boards), and not joined directly to the walls. In addition, you need to pay attention to the environmental friendliness of the insulation, because indoors it should not emit any harmful substances. The insulation itself may be of interest to mice and rats, but this problem is eliminated by attaching a fine mesh to the bottom of the walls. metal mesh. There are several ways to insulate a house from foam blocks from the inside.

Thermal insulation of walls from foam blocks with polyurethane foam

One way is to apply foamed polyurethane foam. A feature of this type of insulation is its resistance to temperature extremes, mold, as well as high moisture resistance. When applying polyurethane foam to the walls of the house, the following technology must be observed. Before applying polyurethane foam, it is necessary to enclose the walls with a frame (formwork). It can be made, for example, from plastic. metal or wooden structures in this case, they will not work, because the various heat-conducting properties of the materials will create an undesirable temperature difference in this case and moisture will begin to accumulate. Then the formwork is filled in parts with expanded polystyrene foam. Then, when the insulation completely covers the walls, it must be covered from above with a layer of waterproofing material. For these purposes, suitable, for example, polyethylene. On top of the polyethylene, it is necessary to construct a plasterboard wall, the frame of which cannot be attached to the surface of the insulated walls, but only to the floor, ceiling or adjacent walls. A plasterboard wall is needed to increase strength, in case further plastering is planned.

Insulation of walls from foam blocks with foam plastic

Another option for internal insulation is foam insulation. The main task in this type of insulation is to fit the foam sheets as accurately as possible and reduce the gap between the joints to create good vapor barrier properties. This problem can be solved either by laying the insulation in a double layer, or by filling the seams between the plates with a sealant. In order for the fit between the walls of the house and the foam to be as tight as possible, the adhesive mixture must be evenly distributed with a spatula over the entire area of ​​the foam sheet. Here, the evenness of the walls of the house from the foam block plays a decisive role. And for better adhesion of the adhesive to the foam, you can treat the surface of the insulation with a roller with teeth. If you neglect this rule, then moisture and mold will accumulate in the resulting voids. It is also impossible to use nails, bolts, etc., to fasten foam sheets, so as not to violate the tightness of the walls.

It should also be noted that all work on the insulation of a foam concrete house is recommended to be carried out during the season of high or medium temperatures without sudden changes, i.e. from about late spring to early autumn. Thus, the insulation of a foam concrete house from the inside differs significantly from the methods of external insulation. And the even walls of the house, the creation of a well-thought-out ventilation system and the maintenance of tightness between the interlocking surfaces will allow you to achieve the desired result.

kamedom.ru

Insulation of the house from foam blocks from the inside. Expanded polyurethane foam. Double wall. Penoplex and expanded polystyrene

Due to its structure, the foam block contains a large number of air bubbles that make this material warm enough. However, the low thickness of the walls requires additional insulation. This is usually resolved by external insulation with a ventilated façade. But it will cost more than insulation from the inside, since it will also require the purchase of cladding.

In this material, we will tell you how to insulate a house from foam blocks from the inside.

Wall insulation with extruded polystyrene foam

A little about warming from the inside

In building physics, there is such a law that when designing walls, the layers in them are located with a decrease in vapor barrier properties and an increase in heat-insulating ones in the direction from the inside to the outside.

In other words, if the insulation is located indoors, then these 2 rules will be violated. Because of this, the humidity in the room will be constantly high.

The right technology for insulating walls made of foam concrete

If you decide on such an experiment, then you need to provide good vapor barrier from the inside, on top of the insulation, provide a good air conditioning system. Otherwise, in the end, you can only get a negative effect from your work.

The video in this article will tell you about the internal wall insulation.

Features of internal insulation

First of all, you will face the following problems:

• The service life of foam blocks is reduced due to sudden changes in temperature outside and inside.
• Overlappings will be in contact with cold walls, creating a cold bridge inward. Because of this, the corners can freeze through.
• It is necessary to use environmentally friendly insulation, as they can release harmful substances into the living space.
• Rodents can get into the insulation. It is advisable to put a fine metal mesh from the bottom along the perimeter.
• The thickness of the frame for insulation should be at least 5 cm.

If you just want to use the free space inside (for example, in a plasterboard frame), and the facade is insulated from the outside, then there will be much less problems.

Note! When insulating from the inside, it is necessary to provide a good layer of vapor barrier before and after the insulation.

You will also need to make a second wall of drywall, lining, or plaster.

In the photo you can clearly see how the insulation works outside and inside the building.

Scheme of operation of insulation inside and outside the building

What materials can be used

Fibrous, vapor-permeable and moisture-absorbing materials are not suitable for internal insulation work. In addition, it is necessary to avoid joints through which condensate will pass into the room. Therefore, such insulation materials as mineral wool, polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene), liquid ceramics are completely unsuitable for these works.

Expanded polyurethane foam

Application of foamed polyurethane foam on the wall

The use of foamed polyurethane foam will create a good hydro-barrier and increase the thermal insulation properties of the walls.

However, the process of applying it creates certain difficulties.

• In order to obtain the required thickness and a flat surface, it will be necessary to make a formwork and fill it in parts. In this case, it will not work to use a metal or wooden frame, as it will then provoke bridges of cold and dampness.
• When the entire surface is processed, it is necessary to close it with a layer of vapor and waterproofing. To do this, a layer of polyethylene must be fixed on top of the polyurethane foam. It can be fixed with rails, sealant or mastic.
• Since this is a material with a fairly low density and strength, it will not withstand plaster. Therefore, it will be necessary to make a false wall of drywall on top. The frame will need to be fixed only to the adjacent walls, ceiling and floor.
• In this case, the dew point will be either at the junction of the polyurethane foam with the wall, or inside it. Since air and moisture will not pass inside, condensation will not form there.

double wall

Insulation scheme with a false wall

The next option is a double wall using underfloor heating as a thermal barrier.

• In this case, heating elements are mounted on the wall. In cold weather, when it is turned on, the dew point will shift inside the wall.
• As in the first option, a second wall is mounted for decoration. The insulation is attached from the side of the opening to the false wall while maintaining air gaps.
• However, this option will be very expensive, and the high price of electricity will be added to the cost of installing heating elements. In fact, you will not heat your house, but the outer walls.

Unusual use of underfloor heating system on the wall

Penoplex and expanded polystyrene

Insulation of the loggia with penoplex

Although Styrofoam is not well suited for interior insulation due to joints that will allow moisture to penetrate, it can still be used.

• Penoplex sheets have smooth edges and standard sizes of 100 * 100 or 100 * 50 cm, but still they cannot be perfectly joined. As a solution, you can try to fit them as tightly as possible and coat the ends with sealant before fastening.
• If we insulated the facade with foam or polystyrene foam, then we would apply the solution in separate cakes and press the sheets against the wall. But inside the building, the instruction is completely different, since air voids will form in which condensate will begin to accumulate. Over time, this can lead to the appearance of fungus and damage to the finish.

Applying glue with a notched trowel allows you to evenly distribute it over the surface

To avoid this, you need to apply glue evenly over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe sheet. Before application, it is necessary to treat the surface of the insulation with a spiked roller so that the adhesion is better.
• To use this method, it is important to have even walls, so it may be necessary to level them with a moisture-resistant mixture to avoid voids. A standard mount on dowels-umbrellas will not work either, as they will violate all tightness.

Conclusion

If the design of the building does not provide for internal insulation, then it becomes very difficult to do it yourself. A small gap can spoil the whole effect of insulation, and your room will look like a humid greenhouse. Therefore, if it is possible to insulate the facade, for example, with polystyrene foam, it is better not to experiment, but to do everything according to the technical "width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen">

Advice! Carry out work only in the warm season, and dry the room as much as possible before starting. To reduce indoor humidity as much as possible, use heat guns and heaters.

Conclusion

If the design of the building does not provide for internal insulation, then it becomes very difficult to do it yourself. A small gap can spoil the whole effect of insulation, and your room will look like a humid greenhouse. Therefore, if it is possible to insulate the facade, for example, with foam, it is better not to experiment, but to do everything according to technology.

Page 2

Revealing the topic of this article, it is necessary first of all to answer the question of what aerated concrete is. Well, first of all, it is a building material. Secondly, it belongs to the category of cellular concrete, as a result of which a porous structure saturated with gas bubbles is formed inside the material.

Accordingly, the quality of this material will largely depend on the uniform distribution of pores, their density and closeness.

Is it necessary to insulate a house made of aerated concrete - it is necessary and necessary

Note! In principle, this is a natural material, which is made from quartz sand and cement with the addition of special blowing agents.

Most often, their role is played by aluminum powder.

Technologies for the production of aerated concrete are different, hence the recipe, which varies depending on the type of technological process. For example, manufacturers often add lime to the composition of aerated concrete, less often gypsum.

The production technology is quite simple.

1. All components are mixed in certain proportions.
2. Molding is carried out, where the material begins to expand under the action of a chemical reaction, during which gas formation occurs.
3. After pre-drying, aerated concrete is cut into blocks.
4. Then the finished product must be dried. There are two ways: autoclave and non-autoclave.

warming cake

Attention! In the case of using the first method, the strength characteristics of the material increase, but at the same time its price becomes higher.

Pay attention to one very important point that concerns the topic of our article. The porous structure of aerated concrete suggests that this material itself is a good heat insulator. True, there is one “BUT” here. By increasing the thermal insulation qualities of aerated concrete, we reduce its strength properties.

That is, the more pores inside the product, the weaker it is, but the higher the insulation performance. Therefore, the question of whether or not to insulate a house built from aerated concrete blocks will largely depend on the brand of the product. And if you purchase more porous blocks, then remember that you should not build multi-story buildings from them.

Now let's move on to the very process of insulating an aerated concrete house from the outside and from the inside.

Do I need to insulate

Partially, we answered the question of whether it is necessary to insulate the house from aerated concrete. But it is necessary to focus on another aspect. Aerated concrete blocks have high vapor permeability, that is, they "breathe" very well. This seems to be a big plus, but on the other hand, and a minus.

When asked whether it is necessary to insulate aerated concrete, we answer “yes”

Attention! Walls made of aerated concrete blocks must be arranged in such a way that the vapor permeability index of the material decreases from the outer surface of the wall to the inner one. That is, the question of how to properly insulate the walls of a house made of aerated concrete is solved in this way.

If everything works out the other way around, then the gas inside the pores will begin to gain moisture, which will negatively affect the strength of the material, and, accordingly, the entire structure of the building as a whole.

To prevent the penetration of wet vapors into the body of the blocks, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation of the walls both from the outside and from the inside. Therefore, first of all, we will analyze several basic thermal insulation materials that are currently most often used in this process.

Let's figure out how to insulate aerated concrete walls.

Heaters

Modern market building materials Today it is ready to offer a huge range of thermal insulation materials that can be used to insulate aerated concrete.

Expanded polystyrene and polyurethane foam

Specialists today prefer such heat insulators as:

1. expanded polystyrene (regular and extruded);
2. polyurethane foam.

Expanded polystyrene - photo material

• The first insulation has a different structure relative to the density of the material itself. For example, ordinary polystyrene foam (aka polystyrene) is less durable, less dense, and, accordingly, less reliable. In addition, it does not have high thermal insulation performance. Extruded polystyrene foam is a dense and durable insulation with high thermal insulation performance.

• Polyurethane foam is a unique material. Firstly, it is a building mixture that is applied to the walls under pressure. Secondly, getting on the surface, it is instantly bonded to it, creating a reliable foamed protective layer. Thirdly, such a heater will last for several decades.

Application of polyurethane foam

But there is one very serious point here. Expanded polystyrene is a slab material that is not difficult to lay on the wall with your own hands. But polyurethane foam can not be applied to the treated surfaces on its own.

It requires not only experience and skills, but also special equipment. Therefore, this method of insulation is quite expensive, but effective.

Mineral wool

I wanted to say a little about mineral wool. It is one of the most efficient thermal insulation materials. But experts note that it is better not to use it with aerated concrete.

The thing is that mineral wool has the ability to draw in moist air vapor, which is a negative factor for aerated concrete blocks (we have already talked about this above).

Mineral mats

So, what kind of insulation for aerated concrete walls better, you know, now you can move on to the very process of arranging the thermal protection of the building.

And first of all, we will consider the insulation of aerated concrete with polystyrene foam as the most budget option.

Insulation of walls from aerated concrete blocks

As mentioned above, aerated concrete walls are insulated from the outside and from the inside. Why on both sides?

Remember! Humidity and condensation are highly dependent on the dew point. While thermal insulation work has not been carried out, this point is on the surface of the wall. As soon as the insulation process is completed, the dew point will shift to the surface of the heat insulator.

A small mistake or incorrect work can lead to the formation of condensate on the heaters, and this is a guarantee that this material will soon begin to lose its qualities and properties.

As in any construction process, the insulation of aerated concrete houses is divided into several stages.

Stage #1

This is the internal insulation of walls made of aerated concrete.

I would like to note that many of us independently carried out the insulation of a loggia or balcony, so many technical processes will be familiar, taking into account the specifics of aerated concrete.

Is it necessary to insulate walls made of aerated concrete from the inside - plastering technology

• Basically, aerated concrete blocks- this is a very flat and smooth surface, which does not make sense to process to an ideal state. But sometimes they also have defects. Therefore, cracks and chips are sealed with glue or cement mortar, tubercles are removed with sandpaper or a sharp spatula.
• After that, the entire surface must be primed to create high wall adhesion. Please note that in some areas of the house, the walls will be exposed to negative impact humidity. So such walls must be treated with waterproofing compounds without fail. And when it all dries up (usually it takes up to six hours), you can start plastering. In this case, it is not necessary to use a thick layer of plaster.
• And the last is the finish. The easiest way is to paint the walls with special vapor-permeable paints, which are specially made for aerated concrete. If drywall is used as a finish, then the wall must be additionally treated with a primer. By the way, drywall can be glued to such surfaces.

Stage #2

This is the insulation of the facade of a house made of aerated concrete. Everything is much simpler here, because there is no need to mess with dirty processes. Although it should be noted that manufacturers today began to offer plaster mortars, which are intended specifically for aerated concrete blocks.

Such solutions have excellent vapor-permeable properties, and besides, they never crack.

Fastening the insulation with mushroom-shaped self-tapping screws

Attention! There is one very important point. If the walls are treated with vapor-permeable materials from the inside and vapor-tight from the outside, then the probability that inside the house will be high humidity, is very large.

Therefore, be extremely careful when choosing a heat insulator.

The slab material is laid directly on the wall, for which you can use either a cement-based bonding mortar or special mushroom-shaped self-tapping screws. In the case of self-tapping screws, experts do not recommend using metal products that will begin to rust after a while.

And the last is the finish. What to choose?

In principle, there are many materials, it is better to note that you do not have to choose.

• Vapor proof paints;
• Solutions based on polymers;
• Solutions based on foamed plastics;
• Foam glass.

And one moment. It is mandatory to leave a ventilation gap between the insulation and the finish. For example, if it is brickwork, then it is necessary to build ventilation holes, which are installed near the basement and under the cornice overhang (see also the article Insulation of brick walls from the outside with your own hands).

Yes, and do not forget to insulate all the elements of the house, otherwise there will be little benefit from the work done. It's about about insulation plastic windows, entrance doors, plinth, roof and so on.

Is it possible to insulate aerated concrete with foam - it is possible with further finishing

Conclusion on the topic

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this "width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen">

Conclusion on the topic

As you can see, the instruction on how to properly insulate an aerated concrete house with expanded polystyrene (polystyrene) is not so complicated. Of course, knowing the nuances this process will provide simplicity and reliability, but in any case, everyone can handle such work without problems.

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

pro-upplenie.ru

Do I need to insulate a house from foam blocks: calculations. Thermal insulation of the roof and walls

Foam concrete is a modern, practical and affordable material. Its manufacturers often claim that a building created from such products does not need to be insulated. But should they take their word for it? Let's take a look and draw conclusions.

In fact, it is impossible to unequivocally answer the question of whether it is necessary to insulate the foam block. Much depends on the specific climatic conditions.

Insulation of a building made of foam blocks

A house located in central Russia or in its northwest will almost certainly need insulation. The same building in the southern regions of our country hardly needs additional thermal insulation.

Equally important is the thickness and strength of the blocks used in the construction. It should also be taken into account whether the masonry technology was observed, what kind of bonding composition was used - cement or adhesive. All this together affects the thermal conductivity of the walls erected.

When is insulation needed?

If we are talking about a wall made of blocks having a thickness of 375 mm, then such a design will be quite capable of retaining heat. For it, you only need to install the outer lining with your own hands.

But this is only general rule. In fact, not everything is so simple. In addition to thickness, it also matters how well the masonry was made and whether heat escapes through its seams.

Heat can escape through the seams between the blocks

An important factor is the strength of the material used. The higher it is, the worse the thermal insulation properties of this product will be.

But these are particulars. At the same time, there are also general cases when the insulation of a foam block house is simply necessary.

Let's list them:

• the use of high-density foam blocks in the construction process - it is denoted by the Latin letter "D". In this case, we mean the value of this parameter equal to 500 and higher;
• the width of the blocks is less than 300 mm - in this case, the building erected from them will also have to be insulated;

A house built from such elements cannot do without insulation.

• if the supporting frames of buildings are filled with foam concrete products;
• you will have to think about how to insulate a wall of foam blocks even if the builders made mistakes - for example, using not special glue for masonry, but ordinary cement mortar. It is also a mistake to create thick seams.

The seams should not be thick

We carry out calculations

In order to more accurately determine the question of the need to insulate the foam block walls with your own hands, it is worth making calculations. During them, we will determine the resistance of the walls to heat transfer and compare it with the indicator required for our climatic zone.

As an example, consider the case when a house is built from blocks with a density equal to D500. The thermal conductivity coefficient of such products is 0.14.

Knowing this, we will divide the thickness of the product - in our case it is 375 mm, by this coefficient. As a result, we get a figure equal to 2.67.

Further, we open SNiP under the number II-3-79, which is called "Construction Heat Engineering". In this document, we find the normative indicator corresponding to our region. For Moscow, it will be equal to 3.2. This means that the thickness of such walls will not be enough for high-quality thermal insulation of residential premises.

But our instruction on calculations does not end there. There is another point here that cannot be ignored.

Advice! In the course of calculations, it is necessary to take into account the heat transfer resistance that the inner and outer skin has. We add these indicators to the value we have.

Maybe this value will be enough.

If the resulting figure is still lower than required, then it is necessary to conduct insulation. We will talk about it now.

Insulation of the house from foam blocks

Starting from the roof

This type of work is best to start from the roof. After all, it is through it that significant heat losses can occur. They occur if the floors are not isolated.

There are many ways to insulate your home from above. In particular, if you want to equip a living space in the attic, you will have to do thermal insulation on the inside of the roof. At the same time, the price of the work carried out, of course, will increase.

roof attic floor must be insulated

If you do not have such plans, then it is quite possible to get by with the insulation of only one ceiling, that is, the floor of the attic.

For this purpose, several layers of cardboard should be laid between the beams. On it you need to pour a thick layer of sawdust. Instead, you can put mineral wool. But, in this case, a film for waterproofing will have to be fixed on top of it.

In the photo - thermal insulation of the attic floor with mineral wool

To get a good result, you need to ensure that the insulation material covers the entire surface of the attic floor. If mineral wool is used, then it should also cover the beams themselves. In addition to this, boards must be laid on top of the thermal insulation layer so as not to damage the insulation when walking.

We insulate the walls from the outside

External wall insulation is considered the most effective.

The following facts support this:

• by insulating the foam blocks from the outside, we thereby do not reduce the living space inside the house - therefore, first of all, you need to think not about how to insulate the house from the foam blocks from the inside, but how to do it from the outside;
• there is no problem associated with the formation of condensate inside the premises;
• thanks to the layer of insulation and subsequent cladding, foam concrete is not exposed to aggressive environmental influences.

The first question that arises in this case is what material should be used for insulation. Here you can use expanded polystyrene or mineral wool already familiar to us.

General scheme of external insulation of foam concrete walls

It is attached in the same way as in the case of brick walls. Then the resulting surface is clad. For this purpose, lining with facing bricks is often used. And in this case, the answer to the frequently asked question about whether insulation is needed between brick and foam block is obvious.

We insulate the walls from the inside

Having decided to use this method, the homeowner will inevitably face the following problems:

• due to sudden temperature changes inside and outside the foam blocks, their service life will decrease;
• ceilings, in contact with cold walls, will create a cold bridge directed inward - because of this, corners may begin to freeze;
• indoors, you can use only environmentally friendly insulation - it will not emit harmful substances into living rooms;
• rodents can start in the warming material;
• condensation on the wall - to solve this problem, you will have to apply a vapor barrier and arrange a false wall to allow air conditioning.

Advice! When deciding how to insulate a foam block house from the inside, you should know that fibrous and vapor-permeable materials, such as mineral wool, cannot be used for these purposes. Due to the formation of condensate, they will accumulate moisture in themselves, which will lead to a significant decrease in their thermal insulation qualities.

In this case, it is better to use polystyrene foam.

The scheme of how to insulate a wall of foam blocks from the inside

Plates of this material are attached to the walls with glue or special dowels. The joints of the plates should certainly be smeared with glue.

Conclusion

Manufacturers of foam blocks claim that their products do not need insulation. But, unfortunately, this is not always the case. There are a number of cases where thermal insulation is simply necessary. (See also the article Business plan for the production of foam blocks: an example of drafting, a ready-made solution)

It begins with the insulation of ceilings and roofs. If there is no attic floor, then it is quite possible to get by with insulating the attic floor. Next, we insulate the outer side of the walls. We do this with the help of polystyrene foam plates. Thinking about how to insulate foam block walls from the inside, you need to consider that this method is fraught with a variety of problems, not all of which can be solved.

Page 2

Trying to make a living space warmer, we often spend a lot of money on heating, some electric heaters can keep us warm in the winter. And the question often arises, why not make high-quality thermal insulation of the walls once and for all and no longer overpay for comfort?

This is what we will tell you about in our article. You can find a lot of useful information in it if you have a house made of foam blocks.

Insulation of the house is best done after the construction of load-bearing walls, and not at the same time.

How is insulation carried out

First you need to understand what a building material is, how to work with it correctly:

• Foam concrete is a fairly common material that is used not only in industrial construction, but is also in demand among frequent developers. The foam block is light, warm, easy to lay with your own hands, the cost is low - in general, an ideal option for those who want to save on the construction team.

You can easily cut foam concrete as you need

• Warming the house from the foam block from the outside is the most correct solution. This method allows you to maintain heat not only in the house, but also prevent the walls from freezing, when, as with internal insulation, the top layer of the facade cools down in a few minutes. In addition, the outer surface of the wall will be subjected to double temperature exposure.
• To achieve a positive result, it is necessary to use only proven and high-quality thermal insulation materials. Of course, the price for many is a decisive factor, but if you look into the future, then the more reliable the insulation, the less often you will have to resort to repairs.

Note! Among other things, since the foam block does not have good resistance to moisture, it is required to use additional waterproofing materials.

Otherwise, not only building block but also a heater.

Assembly process

In this section, we will analyze in detail how the insulation of foam block walls is carried out correctly on the outside, select materials and consider the features of the work. And let's start with the most necessary - determining the optimal thermal insulation materials.

Interesting! Insulation of a bath from foam blocks proceeds in a similar way, with the exception of a few nuances.

Firstly, reinforced vapor barrier is required, and secondly, a hydrophobic material is required to protect both the walls and the finish from moisture.

In some regions, it is enough to additionally lay out a brick row and the house will be insulated

Insulation for home

• Styrofoam (expanded polystyrene) is one of the most common and affordable materials on the market today. It is practical, easily attached to any surface and has all the necessary properties to keep heat in a living space. From above it can be covered with both decorative plaster and paint, and siding can be fixed on it (through it to the walls).

Note! If you insulate the house from the outside with foam, then you should use a system of ventilated facades, where the frame is attached to the blocks.

A feature of this method is a ventilated gap between the insulation and the facade, which allows you to create your own microclimate in the house.

• Mineral wool is almost as available as polystyrene, but there is one feature - it can only be used in slabs. Roll insulation have a clear drawback, they begin to settle over time, which leads to the formation of cold bridges. Although warming the house outside with mineral wool is also considered a practical option.
• Suitable for thermal insulation and warm plaster, which is applied to the reinforcing mesh.

However, there are a few features that should be understood in advance:

• First, you need to wait until the house shrinks completely, otherwise the plaster will all crack.
• Secondly, insulation of the foam block from the outside with plaster is impossible if the facade has finishing material: siding, wood, decorative plaster.
• Thirdly, this insulation is not as effective in areas with prolonged cold weather and extremely low temperatures. To achieve the desired result, additional insulation of the walls from the foam blocks from the inside will be required.

There are also other heat-insulating materials, for example, glass wool or polyurethane foam, but they are less in demand than the above. Therefore, use as facade insulation we will be polystyrene and mineral wool.

In the photo - polyurethane foam is applied to the wall

Important! The calculation of the thickness of the heat-insulating material depends on which foam block is used to build the walls of the house.

If the walls are about 300-400 mm, then 50-100 mm of insulation will be required, but if the thickness of the facade walls is greater, then the heat insulator can be reduced to 20 mm.

Tools for work

• Screwdriver.
• Hacksaw for metal.
• Building level.
• Roulette.
• Hammer or mallet.
• Putty knife.
• Container for adhesive solution.
• Stationery knife.
• Furniture stapler.

Installation of insulation on the facade

Try to carefully treat the surface of the wall

• After the surface is cleaned and sanded with sandpaper, a metal frame should be marked on it. The distance between the vertical posts should be equal to the width of the insulation.

Note! You can take a galvanized drywall profile as the basis for the frame, or replace it with wooden blocks that need to be coated with an antiseptic.

• It is better to fasten the racks without pre-drilling, driving the self-tapping screws on the living. The dowel, in this case, will only aggravate the situation, since the foam block is an extremely loose material, the cork will simply turn when the self-tapping screw is screwed into it.
• When the frame is mounted, you can start cutting the foam to size.
• If you use dish nails, then remember that no pre-drilling, everything is screwed directly into the material. If the adhesive solution is taken as the basis, then try to apply it around the perimeter on a sheet of expanded polystyrene.

Glue do not spare, all excess can be easily removed with a spatula

• On top of the insulation, a windproof membrane is fixed with a furniture stapler, which prevents the ingress of moisture and steam.

After installing the polystyrene foam, the joints and attachment points should be puttied

And now let's take a look at how the walls of foam blocks are insulated from the outside with the help of a mineral wool board:

• All procedures for installing a metal crate are similar to those previously described, only for the distance between the vertical posts, you should be guided by the mineral wool.
• Cutting the material to size is carried out with an ordinary clerical knife.
• Most often, people fix mineral wool with an adhesive solution, which can be bought at ready-made and as a dry mix.
• Apply glue along the perimeter of the material and a few strokes in the center to securely fix the insulation on the wall.
• After the mineral wool boards have been glued, as in the case of foam boards, they should be protected with a windproof membrane.

The protective film can be fixed to the insulation itself through dish-shaped nails

• The final touch is the installation of finishing material.

As for the plaster, the thermal insulation process is slightly different:

• Initially, the surface of the wall is well primed, and all cracks and chips are sealed.
• After that, a reinforcing mesh is attached along the perimeter of the facade, in the corners it is laid with an overlap of 20-30 cm.
• Now you need to prepare heat-insulating plaster, with the mixture there is usually an instruction. If it seems incomprehensible to you, then you should find on the Internet the material of the company that you purchased and study the cooking process.
• Using a wide notched trowel, apply a few large strokes to the wall, then spread the plaster evenly across the wall.

Irregularities on the plaster are almost imperceptible, but still try to avoid obvious bumps

Note! The mesh should be completely hidden under a layer of insulation.

• When the heat-insulating mixture dries, it is required to fix another layer of reinforcing mesh.
• A decorative plaster is applied on top of it, which will protect the insulation from atmospheric influences.

cinder block houses

The insulation of a cinder block house is carried out in a similar way, with one exception - the thickness of the walls must be at least 500 mm in order to retain heat. Otherwise, double thermal insulation is required - outside and inside.

Another feature, the insulation of the outside of the cinder block walls is made only with slab materials that do not crumble, do not rot and do not settle. It is the insulation of the cinder block with foam plastic that is considered the most practical option, although dense mineral wool is also suitable.

Conclusion

As you can see, the process of thermal insulation of the walls of your house can be carried out independently, without resorting to the services of expensive specialists. Finally, I would like to remind you that if you want to achieve a positive result, align the facade of the house in advance so that the gaps between the heaters are minimal. (See also the article Features of building a bath from foam blocks with your own hands)

Page 3

Recently, building materials based on foamed materials have become popular. This is due to the fact that they are environmentally friendly, keep heat well, resist moisture well and are light in weight. However, such a question, how is it better to insulate a foam block house from the outside, is very popular among builders in those regions of the country where winter period periods of severe cold.

The fact is that this material has an independent insulating quality, which manifests itself due to the pores in the blocks. However, their structure is so inhomogeneous that it does not allow us to speak of a constant thermal conductivity, expressed in a specific number. That is why professionals recommend insulating structures made of this material even during construction in a warm climate zone.

The structure of the foam block is practically no different from polystyrene foam, which makes this material already a good heat insulator

Insulation of walls made of foam blocks using mineral wool and facing masonry is relevant only in areas with a very cold climate

Heaters

Today there are a huge number various materials designed to protect walls from the cold. However, considering the question of how to insulate a house from a foam block from the outside, you should choose only those that best meet the installation conditions and the technical characteristics of the building.

The installation of mineral wool or panels of similar material requires additional costs for fixing material and further cladding

Mineral wool and panels

When choosing these types of heaters, it is necessary to take into account all their features and compare them with the conditions of a particular building.

• Mineral wool and panels have a fairly good thermal conductivity and can perfectly insulate buildings from the outside. (see also the article Do-it-yourself country house made of foam blocks - we build simply and quickly)
• However, this material needs not only a special installation method, but also such an element as waterproofing. Therefore, it is used where walls will be lined with clapboard, siding or other similar structures.
• This material has a rather high price, and in combination with sheathing it becomes simply expensive.

Answering the question of how to insulate a foam block house from the outside, we can say that it is better to use mineral wool and panels as a last resort, when it is not possible to use other material.

Advice! You should not use such material for outdoor work, since there is a high probability that it will absorb moisture and lose its qualities.

Expanded polystyrene boards can be installed on a special mounting adhesive

Styrofoam

When figuring out how to insulate the walls of foam blocks from the outside, you should first of all pay attention to polystyrene foam or special foam.

• This material is ideal for external protection of the building from the cold and has excellent thermal conductivity parameters. (see also the article How to lay foam blocks - specialist technologies)
• This material, like many others, requires protection from the external environment. However, due to the fact that it holds its shape well, it is enough to apply a small layer of facade putty on it.
• Ease of fastening sheets of expanded polystyrene allows you to use it even when working at height.
• Separately, it is worth noting the fact that the price of this type of insulation is one of the most affordable.

Advice! When choosing polystyrene foam as a heater, it is necessary to think in advance about the method of its installation.

For these surfaces, landing plaster, mounting glue or special dowels are perfect.

Amateur photo of the building insulation process mounting foam, using special equipment and technology

Mounting foam

This insulation has an ideal thermal conductivity to protect walls from the cold.

• It can be applied to any surface.
• It has sealing properties and can serve as a waterproofing agent.
• However, it is destroyed by direct exposure to ultraviolet rays and needs additional protection. Usually the installation instructions involve putty or plaster.
• When applying a protective layer on its surface, the consumption of material increases significantly. This is due to the fact that it is impossible to obtain a perfectly flat surface when applied.

Advice! To install this insulation, you must have special equipment that can make it difficult to work at height or in windy weather.

Applying liquid insulation to the wall with a sprayer

Liquid heaters

Materials of this type appeared relatively recently and, according to experts' forecasts, they can replace other types of heaters.

• Due to its structure, which looks like a thick dye, even novice craftsmen or amateurs can install this material with their own hands.
• Its layer, 3 mm thick, replaces the thick bases of other types of insulation, which significantly saves space.
• This material does not require protection against external factors and is able to slightly replace the waterproofing.

Appearance of a wall with applied liquid insulation

Conclusion

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that almost any type of insulation can be suitable for foam block structures. (See also the article The composition of the foam block - why is it so popular)

However, there are such types of materials, the use of which is associated with high economic costs and additional work during installation.

Page 4

Building a house from cinder blocks has a number of obvious advantages. Such construction is cost-effective, because the walls of such a structure are built quite quickly.

However, when building a house from cinder blocks, you need to know how to insulate walls from cinder blocks, and perform this procedure as efficiently as possible.

Photo of an insulated cinder block house

Classification

Today, there are two technologies for building insulation:

1. "wet" with plastering, providing for mechanical or adhesive installation of thermal insulation to the wall surface and subsequent laying of a reinforcing layer and a finishing decorative coating;
2. "dry" using a protective and decorative screen.

Insulation options

It cannot be said that the cinder block is a completely ideal material. It is characterized by some disadvantages. For example, the material does not tolerate dampness, especially with insufficient insulation. The structure freezes, and then, when thawed, the cinder block may crumble. That is why it must be insulated. Today, there are several technologies that answer the question of how to insulate a cinder block house from the inside or outside. (see also the article Do-it-yourself cinder block bath is a great option)

Cinder block house requiring insulation

Before starting work, you need to clearly understand: it’s just cold in the house, or the walls of the house really freeze and get damp. The process of insulation outside the building can be carried out using the methods described below. (see also the article Banya from cinder block - we are building a real Russian steam room)

Ventilated facade

The ventilated system consists of stacked elements connected to a single façade structure. A quality system is characterized by the ideal placement of existing trim elements that are in the same plane with the facade.

In this case, the gap that is formed between two adjacent panels can be minimal or pronounced. Installation of panels with gaps will allow you to hide a variety of flaws in the work, as well as, if necessary, adjust the trim elements.

Some types of systems provide 3D adjustment, thanks to which you can perfectly align the plane of each element with respect to the neighboring one.

Thermal insulation layers of a ventilated facade

With the help of a special material, facade sealant, the joints between ceramic tiles are puttyed with their own hands. After that, the seams must be covered with ceramic chips.

It is especially important to correctly calculate the thickness of the ventilation gap.

Note! Different types of systems are able to provide a gap of different thicknesses.

This parameter directly depends on the thickness of the insulating material used. However, an indicator of 100 mm is considered the limiting norm, otherwise too strong traction occurs in the formed space. It is highly undesirable in a fire.

Advantages of a ventilated facade device

Note! The minimum width of the gap, which is able to provide effective ventilation of the walls, is 20 mm.

In the case of a one-story building, it is better to increase the gap to 4 cm, then the necessary amount of ventilation will be provided.

The instructions for most facade installation systems imply the following procedure:

1. surface marking;
2. fastening guides;
3. installation and fixation of insulation material;
4. installation of a windproof membrane over the insulation;
5. installation of a substructure;
6. laying of facing material.

Note! The insulation material must be securely fixed, otherwise the insulation boards are likely to slip, which will lead to the formation of cooling sections of the wall.

Two-layer mineral wool insulation materials are fixed with a more rigid side from the building, which leads to an excellent fit of the plates with the soft side to the surface of the building wall. At the same time, the outer side of the structure will retain some rigidity.

Layered masonry

You can also insulate a cinder block house from the outside using the layered masonry method. This technology provides for the creation of a three-layer structure using an effective insulating material between the surface of a load-bearing or self-supporting wall and the facing material. (See also the article Do-it-yourself cinder block garage: tips and tricks)

Layers of masonry

Since you can even insulate a cinder block house from the outside with this method with your own hands, such a three-layer construction is very popular.

In addition, it has a number of advantages:

• small thickness and weight;
• fire resistance;
• unique look.

Layered masonry during insulation work often does not have external differences from monolithic brickwork. Therefore, experts consider such walls reliable and durable.

The most interesting thing is that apartments in houses whose facades are made of facing bricks are always in demand, because not many people understand that this house was not actually built of bricks.

The layered masonry method stands out from other existing methods:

• simplicity of a set of materials;
• standard mounting method;
• as well as the ability to work year-round.

warm facade

Facade systems as a method of thermal insulation works for buildings is a multilayer structure and at the same time a structural element of the structure.

The process of installing a warm facade

The purpose of using thermal insulation systems "warm facade" is:

• bringing buildings to the requirements of saving energy and heat;
• optimal for living and working characteristics of the microclimate of the premises;
• preservation of building envelopes long time;
• and environmental protection.

Do not forget about the aesthetic function.

The system provides for the following structural layers:

• glue with which the insulation material is mounted;
• insulation material (it can be expanded polystyrene of facade grades or mineral wool insulation for “warm facade” systems). Installation of insulation material with the help of dish-shaped dowels after the glue has hardened (here it is important to choose the right size of the dowels, taking into account the thickness of the insulation and the thickness of the adhesive layer;

Sectional layers of a warm facade device

• adhesive with reinforcing alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh;
• decorative plaster layer, characterized by a large colors and a variety of textures (the price of plaster can vary significantly);
• facade paint used as an additional protective layer.

Conclusion

We talked about the types of external insulation of a cinder block house. We hope that this information will be useful for you and you will be able to choose suitable option insulation. In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

openoblokah.ru

How and how to insulate a house from foam blocks?

All the best quality indicators of wood and brick building materials were tried to be combined by foam block manufacturers, some of them claim that this material does not need additional insulation, but is it really so?

Is it necessary to insulate the walls of foam blocks?

In order to determine the need for insulation of a block house, you need to pay attention to several nuances.

• Firstly, these are the climatic conditions of the location of the construction site, according to which the house may need both insulation and protection from the accumulation of condensate on the walls.
• Secondly, it is the quality of the masonry of the walls of the block house, its thickness and the execution of the seams.
• And, thirdly, an important role here is played by the foam concrete density index.

In the first case, if the house is located in a climate zone prone to temperature fluctuations or low temperatures, insulation and insulation are necessary. Also, this type of work is required if the wall thickness is less than 400 mm or the seams are thin and have gaps, it will be better to protect the walls. And the last nuance is the density of foam blocks: the higher its indicator, the lower the thermal insulation qualities will be.

Still often interested in the question, what type of insulation is better to use: internal or external?

We warm the house from foam blocks outside

Widely known heaters, such as mineral wool or polystyrene foam, will help protect houses from blocks from the outside. A fairly good effect of thermal insulation for such walls can also be given by plaster.

The technology for installing wall insulation from foam blocks has several ways:

• The material is attached directly to the walls with special mounting nails or special glue.
• Insulation can also be attached to the crate, this will be especially appropriate if the facing material (siding, OSB) requires it.
• The plaster is applied to a reinforced mesh fixed on blocks. Before performing this work, it is recommended to additionally insulate the walls with any rolled waterproofing material.

Nail fastening. It is very important that fungal nails accurately hit the interblock seams. In the presence of cracks, especially through ones, it is necessary to prevent condensate from getting on the wool from the inside of the room, otherwise it will lose its properties. If there is such a danger, it is better to play it safe with insulating material.

Adhesive fastening. The quality of the adhesive, the location of the insulation sheets and the maximum adhesion to the walls are the main requirements for this method of fastening.

Glue must be selected based on the properties of the material (for each type there is a certain glue), interaction with the surfaces to be glued and response to natural changes. Another prerequisite, when attaching insulation to glue, is the location of the sheets of material: it must be with offset seams.

The properties of the foam block are such that when exposed different temperatures(outside the wall and inside the room), they are prone to condensation, so internal insulation, first of all, requires high-quality waterproofing.

Experts do not recommend using mineral wool and any vapor-permeable materials for indoor foam block walls. Therefore, it is worth making a choice in favor of polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam or other materials with similar properties.

The best way to protect against condensation and its consequences can be a "false wall", which will provide air space between the insulation and the room.

For construction, you can use ready-made, so-called, blocks with insulation.

What are blocks with insulation

The production of blocks with insulation is specifically aimed at reducing costs and time during construction. Such multilayer blocks are a kind of building sandwiches that combine several layers of different materials, the use of which does not require additional wall insulation.

The most popular of them are gas silicate and expanded clay concrete blocks.

gas silicate blocks

This material is obtained from quartz sand, lime, a small proportion of cement, in the process of kneading and swelling the building dough. Hardening, the mixture turns into a light porous sound-absorbing and non-combustible material. The use of such blocks is universal, they can be used both as a wall insulation and directly for construction.

Expanded clay blocks

The name of the block is determined by the basis of the material from which it is made. The most popular among builders are three-layer blocks of this type, consisting of layers of expanded clay concrete, textured concrete and a layer of expanded polystyrene between them.

Expanded clay blocks are heavy, which requires a strong foundation when using them in construction.

The most obvious reason for insulating walls from the outside is to save free space from the inside of the room. The heat-insulating sandwich, which, when insulating foam concrete consists of a heater, a vapor barrier layer and a decorative sheathing, eats, as a rule, about 10-15 centimeters along each wall.

The second factor, due to which insulation from the outside is more preferable than from the inside, is the problem of freezing of the walls and the formation of a dew point as a result.

As already mentioned, the low thermal conductivity of foam concrete contributes to the fact that walls built using the correct technology do not freeze, however, with design and construction errors, or as a result of shrinkage, microcracks can form in the walls of the house, which become cold bridges.

In the cold season, non-insulated walls of a house or a bath without cold bridges freeze through. If you perform insulation from the inside, and not from the outside, then the insulation will not prevent the walls from freezing, moreover, condensation will constantly form between the cold wall and the heat-insulating material, due to the temperature difference.

The thermal insulation material will absorb moisture and gain weight, as a result of which the load on the bearing walls. Also, when moisture is collected, heat-insulating materials are characterized by a loss functional characteristics and rapid destruction.

Condensation between the wall and thermal insulation is the main cause of poor indoor climate - it provokes an increase in air humidity from inside the house, which contributes to the formation of mold on the surface of the walls.

When insulating the facade of a house or bath, even in the coldest season, the walls will be reliably protected from freezing, as a result of which the dew point will be transferred to their outer side, which will solve all of the above problems.

The above indicates that the insulation of the facade from the outside, with the same labor costs, will be an order of magnitude more efficient and rational than the thermal insulation of the walls from the inside of the house.

If you want to perform internal insulation and install, then it is best to do floor insulation. As practice shows, the heat loss of the floor on the ground floor of the house is about 15% of the total heat loss of the building.

Floor insulation can be performed using several technologies at once - either equip the lag floor insulation, or fill in the insulated concrete screed, on top of which to install flooring. The underfloor heating system, which has recently become popular, has also proven itself well.

1.2 How insulate?

As already mentioned, foam concrete does not have high strength characteristics, especially this material is afraid of serious point loads, under the influence of which cracking of blocks is possible.

This characteristic imposes certain restrictions on thermal insulation materials that can be used to insulate the outer walls of foam concrete buildings (houses, baths, garages). Insulation for foam blocks should be as light as possible, and not require the arrangement of a heavy supporting frame.

Among all heaters on the market for external thermal insulation the walls of a house or bath from a foam block are most often used polystyrene foam insulation (ordinary foam and extruded polystyrene foam), and mineral wool.

When thermally insulating a facade from a foam block, the crate for mineral wool is made of a light metal profile, which does not exert a serious mechanical load on the load-bearing walls.

If the insulation used does not have vapor barrier characteristics, which is typical for mineral wool, additional vapor barrier installation is required (special membrane films are used).

Let's compare specifications the materials most in demand for the insulation of facades of foam concrete houses:

• Thermal conductivity, W / mk: extruded polystyrene foam (EP) on - 0.033; mineral wool (MW) - 0.036;
• Vapor permeability, Mg / mchPa: extruded polystyrene foam - low (0.06), mineral wool - high (0.3);
• The percentage of moisture absorption during full immersion for 24 hours: EP - 0.4, MW - 0.5;
• Fire resistance: EP - combustible material (combustibility class G3), MV - refractory material (class G1);

The advantages of extruded polystyrene foam include high mechanical strength and resistance to deformation, due to which EP practically does not shrink.

The disadvantages of extruded polystyrene foam, in addition to flammability, also include the fear of solar radiation, as a result of which the material may lose its characteristics, which requires the EP to be sheathed with some kind of decorative material.

The strengths of mineral wool is durability, while mineral wool is not prone to loss of functional characteristics throughout the entire service life. Mineral wool is a chemically inert material that is not afraid of rodents that love to feast on polystyrene foam.

If you decide to use ordinary foam, then products like PSB - 25, PSB - 35, will be quite enough in terms of density.

2 Insulation technology

The facade of a house, or a foam block bath, is insulated with extruded polystyrene foam according to the following algorithm:

• The facade is cleared of pollution. Oil stains present on the wall are degreased with gasoline or acetone. If any defects are found - cracks, potholes, etc., even the smallest ones, they must be repaired sand-cement mortar to prevent further degradation of the material;

• The facade of the house is covered with a layer of deep penetration primer. Large surfaces can be easily processed with a roller. The primer is necessary for better adhesion of the adhesive composition and foam concrete;
• Along the lower contour of the wall, at a height of 1-2 centimeters above the ground, a metal profile is fixed, similar in thickness to the width of the insulation. The first row of thermal insulation will be installed on the profile;
• Since expanded polystyrene has a minimum vapor conductivity, this insulation does not require additional vapor barrier. According to the manufacturer's instructions, glue for polystyrene foam boards is diluted, and the insulation is fixed from the bottom up over the entire surface of the facade. Glue is best to evenly cover the entire back surface of the plate, use a spatula to level the mixture;
• Next, you need to plaster the insulation, so we first cover it with a primer. Plastering with fiberglass reinforcing mesh. After the surface is leveled and the plaster composition is completely dry, the thermal insulation is painted with waterproof paint.

The technology of insulating a house from foam blocks with foam insulation (video)

Foam blocks have excellent characteristics for low thermal conductivity, however, the material is porous and perfectly absorbs moisture. During the defrosting / freezing cycle, the liquid accumulated in its pores reduces the thermal insulation qualities of the material and destroys it. After building a house from foam concrete blocks, you should think about how to further insulate it and protect it from atmospheric moisture.

The choice of insulation

The foam block is a fragile material, as a supporting structure, so the insulation for it must be selected according to weight. The best option is basalt or fiberglass mineral wool slabs, 50 × 100 or 60 × 120 cm in size, from 5 to 15 cm thick, with a density of 130-160 kg / m3. You can also use cotton wool in the form of mats, but the density of such a material is less.

Mineral wool for warming the house from the outside "TechnoNIKOL".

The benefits of mineral wool include:

1. Low thermal conductivity.
2. Fire resistance.
3. Low cost.
4. High vapor permeability.
5. Excellent sound absorption characteristics.
6. Resistant to the appearance of mold, fungus.
7. Durability.

Foam block wall insulation - from the outside or from the inside?

It is more expedient to insulate the wall of a house from foam blocks from the outside:

1. No usable space is wasted.
2. The dew point does not move inside the load-bearing wall.
3. Foam blocks are under reliable protection.

Materials and tools

To carry out work on the thermal insulation of walls made of foam concrete blocks from the outside, the following tools will be required:

• screwdriver;
• container for glue;
• a spatula for its application (a notched one or, as it is also called, a “comb”, is suitable), as well as a wide spatula for plaster;
• clerical knife (construction);
• brush or roller;
• protective clothing, goggles, gloves;
• perforator, electric drill, hammer;
• level;
• roulette.

And materials:

• mineral wool boards;
• fiberglass mesh;
• perforated base profile;
• dowels-umbrellas;
• dowels for fastening the profile;
• polymer cement glue for mineral wool boards;
• deep penetration primer;
• plastering mix.

Stages of work

Preparing walls for installation.

Before insulation, it is necessary to remove all communication devices, ensure the exit of drains, ebbs, and ventilation.

Thoroughly clean the walls from dust, dirt, dry. It is best to carry out work in the dry season, when you will be 100% sure that you have not left foam concrete blocks that have absorbed moisture under the insulation.

Make sure that there are no gaps and cracks, and if there are any, they need to be repaired, or if the damage is growing, think about strengthening the structure or repairing the foundation.

Treat the cleaned surface of the walls with a deep penetration primer for exterior work. It is advisable to do this twice. The primer will ensure high-quality adhesion of the material with foam blocks.

Support profile fastening.

The profile is necessary to support mineral wool boards and provides protection against rodent access under the insulation. The profile is attached around the perimeter of the base, strictly according to the level, on dowels or self-tapping screws.

Plate laying.

Prepare the polymer cement adhesive according to the instructions on its packaging. Using a spatula, evenly apply adhesive to the boards from the back of the material. The layer should be uniform and thin, after application, dot application of the solution should also be made over the entire surface of the plate. Plates are laid from bottom to top in a checkerboard pattern. The protruding parts of the insulation can be sawn off with a regular hacksaw.

Photo of wall insulation from the outside with mineral wool.

Fixing plates with "umbrellas".

Approximately one day after gluing, it is necessary to strengthen the fixation of mineral wool boards with dowels "umbrellas". Holes for dowels are drilled longer than the dowel itself by about 1.5 cm.

Insulation plaster

You can protect the insulation itself and give the house a finished look by plastering the walls using the “wet” facade technology. The reinforcing fiberglass mesh is laid on top of the insulation on the glue, with a layer thickness of 3-5 mm, while the mesh is embedded in the glue, almost completely. If overlapping is required, do it at least 10 cm.

Wall plastering on insulation - "wet" facade.

On top of the mesh, after smoothing and drying, a primer layer is applied. After it dries, you can apply the final layer of plaster.

Thus, with your own hands and without the help of specialists, you can insulate a house made of foam blocks with mineral wool from the outside and plaster it under a “wet” facade.