How to sheathe a summer veranda. Finishing the veranda inside and out with your own hands. Not only exterior

30.10.2019

Repair in the apartment or in country house is essential to most people's lives. And one of the most common problems problems that have to be addressed in this regard are cold or insufficiently level floors. There are several ways to get out of this situation, one of them is to make plywood floors along the logs. With their own hands, this will be implemented or with the help of specialists, each property owner decides at his own discretion.

What are lags?

Logs are special wooden or polymer bars or pieces of a metal profile laid on concrete base, on top of which the base for the floor is laid. Metal is much easier to work with and more durable than wood. But there is one significant drawback - metal, unlike wood, is critical to changes in ambient temperature, which can cause the floor to warp. Plus, they'll be cheaper.

It should be noted that for the manufacture of logs, the most suitable are conifers, especially larch. Details must be of the correct geometric shape, even and without bends along the entire length.

The choice of material for the base

In order to level the floor with plywood along the logs with your own hands, you need to choose the right material, since not every type of it is suitable for this. There are such types of leveling sheets for the floor:

Plywood is a multilayer material, the number of layers starts from three.
is an excellent material for leveling a wooden floor for subsequent tiling. It is made from shavings and Portland cement with the addition of chemical ingredients.
Oriented strand board (OSB) is a multilayer material in which the chips are glued together with resins with the addition of synthetic wax. Environmentally friendly, but flexes more easily than plywood and is slightly more expensive.
(chipboard) has the lowest rates of strength and environmental friendliness.
Fibreboard (MDF) - a material made by hot pressing wood fiber, very flexible, fragile.

Based on the listed properties of materials, it can be concluded that do-it-yourself plywood flooring in a private house is best done from OSB, DSP or plywood.

About material

Plywood is the most acceptable option. It consists of sheets of veneer glued in a special way: in each new layer, the fibers are perpendicular to the fibers of the previous one, which significantly increases rigidity. Plywood differs in terms of moisture resistance, durability and environmental friendliness, which depend on which binder material was used in production:

The FK brand is made using carbamide glue, it is poorly resistant to moisture, and swells quickly. But it is safe for humans, can be used in rooms with low humidity.
The FSF brand contains phenol-formaldehyde glue, it is moisture resistant, but not environmentally friendly due to phenolic emissions.
Brand FB - bakelized plywood, resistant to moisture and aggressive environments.
FOF is a laminated (layer-pressed) material called a laminate. Used as decorative finishes gender.

To make a plywood floor along the logs with your own hands in a country house or in an apartment, plywood of the FK and FSF brands from birch with a thickness of ten to fifteen millimeters is best suited.

Benefits of plywood flooring

The device of such a floor has a number of undeniable advantages:

strengthening of soundproofing characteristics;
increase in thermal insulation qualities;
quality fast warming floors by laying heat-insulating material between the lags;
ensuring uniform distribution of pressure on the base;
the presence of an empty space between the lags makes it possible to locate various communications in it;
quick leveling of the floor surface;
good strength characteristics of the coating;
the possibility of easy replacement of damaged parts;
even a beginner without special skills will cope with the work;
plywood floor installation on logs does not require specialized heavy equipment or tools.

Preparing for styling

Mandatory measures before laying the floors should be:

ground inspection;
thorough cleaning of large irregularities;
filling gaps and cracks;
floor waterproofing.

Whatever the coefficient of moisture resistance plywood or any identical material has, it has a certain hygroscopicity, which leads to the absorption of some moisture. Therefore, the main stage of preparation is waterproofing. It is usually performed with a thick plastic film (in the simplest case) or with a special coating. The concrete floor is completely covered with material, with a slight overlap on the walls. And so that after the film spoke for her. Parts of the waterproofing at the joints are fixed with construction tape.

To install floors on plywood logs, galvanized hardware is used for fastening with a length that is three times the thickness of the sheets to be fixed.

Which is better: two thin coats or one thick coat?

Plywood is a composite material. The layers in it are arranged with fibers crosswise to achieve sufficient rigidity and strength. Based on this, it becomes clear that in order to improve such characteristics, it does not matter at all how many layers will be laid - two ten-millimeter instead of one twenty-millimeter or more. And there won't be a particularly big gain in price.

But when leveling very curved floors, the number of layers plays a significant role here. When laying one layer, the irregularities will, of course, be smoothed out, but differences will remain at the joints of the plywood sheets. This is where a properly laid second layer will help - the joints of the plates of each of them will coincide with the center of the plates of the other layer.

Conclusion: for insulation level ground you can mount plywood floors along the logs with your own hands in one layer with sheets twenty millimeters thick. When leveling a curved base, two ten-millimeter layers with staggered plywood boards are best suited.

Do-it-yourself plywood floors on logs: logs and crates

The sequence of steps in this stage is as follows:

To perform the installation, dried flat bars with a section of 10 x 5 cm and a length of at least two meters are used. In addition, they must be aged indoors for two weeks.
Waterproofing is laid on the prepared base, and the bars are treated with an antiseptic.
When installing the log, an indent is made from each of the walls by 25 mm.
To neutralize irregularities, MDF or fiberboard substrates with a square side of 20 cm are used, and linoleum pieces are used to suppress noise. In places where there are substrates, the logs are attached to the cement base with anchor bolts. When laying between the lags, a distance of 40 cm is left.
When all the logs are mounted, they proceed to the device of the crate. Its slats are also installed on substrates with fastening to the floor and logs with self-tapping screws at a distance of no more than half a meter. It is important that the size of the crate matches the parameters of the plywood sheets.
The resulting cavities in the crate are filled with insulation and sound insulator.

Dimensioning, fastening

In order to properly arrange the plywood floors along the logs with your own hands (the photo of the actions is presented in the article), it is necessary to cut the plywood into sheets of the desired size, optimally 1250 x 2500 mm. For convenience, they can be numbered.

In order to exclude the possibility of creaking during further operation, strips of glassine are attached to the logs before laying the plywood with a stapler.

The sheets are laid across the log, fastening with screws at a distance of 15 cm. At the joints, the screws are placed in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 10 mm from the edge of the sheet.

During installation, a gap of about a third of a millimeter is left between the sheets, which is then filled with sealant or elastic mastic and glued with moisture-resistant glue.

Laying starts from the window, the hats of the hardware are completely recessed into the plywood into the drilled holes. If communications are planned, cutouts are made for them.

Do-it-yourself plywood floors on logs: installation of layers

This stage is carried out in the following sequence:

Laying the first layer starts from the window with an indent from the wall of about half a centimeter. You can use plywood of the third or fourth grade, since the presence of knots and appearance do not play a significant role due to further finishing, and at a cost such material is much cheaper.
Intermediate logs can become an addition to plywood. This is necessary to reduce the size of the cells in order to have a good screed between the sheets and the frame. To do this, the logs are connected with crossbars from scraps, screwing them with steel corners. The size of the cells should be a multiple of the plywood sheets so that their edges always lie on the log.
The second layer of sheets is mounted with an offset relative to the first. Between themselves, the layers are fastened with self-tapping screws and glued with PVA or special glue for plywood.
Seal the seams between the sheets.
After laying the last slab, the surface is sanded with sandpaper by hand or with a grinder.

By the same principle, a do-it-yourself plywood floor is laid along the logs on the 2nd floor of a private house.

For the successful completion of the work, it is necessary to pay attention to the following:

It is not recommended to lay tiles on plywood: it can fall off due to the expansion of the wood layer.
Irregularities on the screed can be sprinkled with sand, and cracks and holes in the corners can be foamed.
To check the humidity in the room, you need to cover the base with plastic wrap for a day. If perspiration appears under it, waterproofing is necessary.
It is important to follow all the laying rules when installing a plywood floor along the logs with your own hands. AT wooden house on the first floor above the ground, this is especially true - if the technology is not followed, the entire coating will have to be removed to correct errors.
To ensure good sound insulation, the logs are not fixed rigidly, but are installed on felt or rubber pads to dampen noise.
Before starting the installation of the log, they find the zero level and then equalize the rest of the bars along it.
The insulation must be cut strictly according to the size of the cells so that its edges do not bend when laying.
After laying the insulation, a vapor barrier membrane can be attached to the lags with a stapler.
For mounting, it is better to use not ordinary hardened black self-tapping screws, but yellow wood screws with a powerful mounting hole.
Sheets must be laid so that not cross-shaped, but T-shaped joints are formed.

Conclusion

At correct installation plywood floor, it can last more than twenty years. Just remember that this material is suitable for laying in dry and warm rooms.

It is also worth noting that plywood is suitable not only for arranging wall cladding and subfloors. Craftsmen make it unique decorative compositions in the interior. Using the old craftsmanship - artistic sawing, pictures are laid out from plywood parts and parquet is formed.

Sooner or later, each of us has to do a job that can be described by one single "ominous" word - repair. And if it is capital, then, most likely, it also implies repair or a complete replacement of the floors. If this event is supposed, for example, in ordinary apartment, then there are two real options for creating a floor base: concrete screed and the floor on the logs. Since it is very often not possible to use a concrete mortar for leveling the floor for a number of reasons, then wooden floors along the logs are the only and uncontested option. Is it bad or good? Let's try to figure it out together.

Important! It is necessary to proceed with the installation of the floor only after the completion of work related to the repair of the ceiling and walls.

Advantages of this coverage: a plywood floor on logs will always be warm and environmentally friendly, compared to a concrete or cement screed. In addition, the attachment points of the plates are not visually determined.

Minuses: high labor intensity of all stages of installation, as well as the need to possess certain construction or carpentry knowledge.

Very important! Repair and laying of the floor must be carried out in strict observance of safety regulations. In particular, special attention must be paid to electrical wiring, if possible, the room must be de-energized for a while to avoid a short circuit.

What will be required to complete the work?

You will need: a hammer; drill; axe; nail puller; electric jigsaw or ordinary saw; screwdriver; keys set; perforator; level.

Tools and fasteners for mounting a plywood floor on logs

Expendable materials:

logs (50*50 mm, 50*100 mm) with a standard length of 3 m;
sheet plywood;
insulation;
substrate;
nails (50, 70 mm);
wood screws (35, 50, 75 mm) with a countersunk head;
anchor bolts (ɸ10 mm).

Drawing - scheme of wooden floors by logs

Step-by-step installation of a wooden floor on logs

Preparatory activities

Despite the fact that the floor on plywood logs belongs to dry types of leveling, it still requires some preliminary preparation. This refers to the removal of all old coatings to the concrete base. In principle, the work is not particularly difficult, but very dirty. The room must be completely freed from construction rubbish, and the base must be carefully swept. All now you can start installing the lag.

As a log, as a rule, dry, even bars along the entire length are used, and they should not bend with a screw. Do not choose bars less than 2 meters long. Moreover, you need to buy them in advance - they must settle indoors for 10-14 days. It is during this period that the material must be periodically inspected - some specimens may go screw. Naturally, their use as a log for a wooden floor is unacceptable. Based on this, take note of one more important advice: acquire construction material for a plywood floor on logs, it is necessary with some margin.

Correct lag setting

The logs are laid horizontally in increments of 50-60 cm, while do not forget to use the level. Although this distance may increase or decrease depending on the thickness of the plywood sheet. The adjacent log should stand at a distance of 30-40 mm from the wall. If significant deviations are found, then pieces of plywood or trimming boards are placed under the log. These linings should have approximately the following dimensions:

Width - 100-150 mm.
Length - 200-250 mm.
Thickness - at least 25 mm.

Note! Logs should not rely only on linings made of wood, which is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity conditions of the air. As "compensators" that absorb the resulting internal stress, it is worth using pieces of roofing material or linoleum.

Logs are laid perpendicular to the direction of window lighting, and if a certain direction of movement of people is known exactly, then perpendicular to it. And sheets of plywood, in turn, will be located along the direction of movement. Anchor bolts or dowels are used to fix the log in a concrete base. If the base is wooden, then screw it with screws.

Still under procurement necessary materials it is worth calculating the length of the anchor. For this, a simple formula is used: 5-6 cm is added to the height of the bar.

Waterproofing, soundproofing, insulation

Before proceeding with the installation of the log over the concrete base, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing material over its entire surface. This will protect the logs, which are treated with an antiseptic before installation, from pulling moisture from concrete slabs. In addition, it is recommended that measures be taken to create sound insulation. Simply put: a layer of roofing material or a special substrate is laid over the entire surface.

It is important to use waterproofing when laying logs

In the intervals between the lags, a heater is laid: mineral wool, basalt wool, isover, polystyrene foam. In addition, you can apply backfill, for example, expanded clay.

plywood laying

Sheet plywood is laid very simply - this task can be done even by a person without building skills. However, in order for everything to go perfectly, it is better to make a drawing of the laying of sheets before starting its installation. Then the sheets determine the places where they will be attached to the lags. Then, according to the marks, holes are drilled (countersinked), the diameter of which does not exceed the caps of the self-tapping screws. It is worth drilling holes at a distance of 10-30 cm. The main thing is that plywood sheets must hold firmly. A plywood sheet prepared in this way is easily mounted and attached with self-tapping screws.

Important! Logs must be laid so that the joints of the sheets fall just in the middle of the log. Moreover, it is better if the joints are not located where people will most often walk.

A distance of up to 60 cm is allowed between the lag

Plywood flooring on logs involves laying several layers of plywood. Sheets should not touch each other - in order to avoid squeaking in the future. The gap size is 0.2-0.4 mm. After laying the first layer, it is necessary to seal the gaps. It is recommended to use an elastic mastic for this purpose, which must be pressed into the seam and then rubbed with a spatula. In addition, it is important to consider that plywood sheets in different layers must be shifted relative to each other. Thus, it will be possible to avoid moments when several seams intersect at one point.

Summary

It is from such activities that laying plywood flooring on logs consists. Do not rush and do not worry, do everything with high quality - this will allow you to create beautiful, and most importantly, similar floors from natural materials in the house.

When building or renovating their home, many do not know how to make a smooth and warm floor. To date, there are a huge number of different methods for creating a reliable foundation, which differ not only design features but also the materials used. One option is a plywood floor mounted on logs.

Advantages and disadvantages of plywood flooring

Like any other coating, plywood base has its pros and cons. The benefits include:

Figure 1. The structure of the floor along the lags on the screed: 1 - finishing coating; 2 - plywood; 3- thermal insulation material; 4 - logs; 5 - base.

Installation work is carried out quickly and easily, finishing can begin immediately after plywood is laid.
Under plywood, you can easily hide various communications.
This material has good heat and sound insulation properties, which allows it to be used as an additional insulating layer.
Seams after laying the floor are almost invisible.
The plywood base allows you to level the surface.

Among the shortcomings, it is necessary to highlight the relative high cost of the material, which is especially noticeable when you need to lay 2 layers of plywood (for example, under linoleum). Another disadvantage is the fact that when laying a plywood floor on logs, you need to have some experience with this material.

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Installation of wooden logs

Before installation work you should measure the room in which the plywood will be laid, and, based on the data obtained, you can buy the required amount of material and necessary tools, namely:

electric drill with drills;
perforator;
screwdriver;
jigsaw;
building level;
roulette;
a hammer;
lags;
plywood sheets;
insulation;
screws, nails, anchor bolts.

The general scheme of wooden floors along the logs is shown in fig. 1, where: 1 - finishing coating; 2 - plywood; 3 - heat-insulating material; 4 - logs; 5 - base.

You may be interested in: Plywood flooring methods

The plywood floor on the logs can be laid on a different base, while for each of its types the installation technology will be slightly different. When laying on the ground, the logs are laid on ceramic brick columns placed parallel to the windows. At the same time, the height of the floor should be about 20 cm. Waterproofing should be laid between the posts and lags, which can be roofing material in 2 layers and wooden pads treated with an antiseptic.

The crossbars begin to be laid with an indent from the wall equal to approximately 4 cm. To carry out thermal insulation between the walls and the logs, a heater is mounted or a backfill is made of sand, crushed stone or expanded clay.

When laying on a concrete base, either an insulating layer of sand and slag is first laid, or special gaskets are used from a loose fiberboard. After that, proceed to the installation of the crossbars. They are fixed to concrete using anchor bolts or screws with dowels. In this case, it is necessary to periodically check the resulting plane for horizontalness using a level.

According to this technology, the laying step should be equal to 0.5-0.6 m. If ceramic tile, then the laying step must be reduced to 0.3 m.

It is also possible to mount logs on the old wooden floor. The material for it is usually bars with a rectangular cross section. If the distance between them is less than 0.8 m, then plywood can be laid directly on the beams. Otherwise, additional lags should be mounted.

Regardless of the basis on which the logs are laid, they must be dry. The moisture content of wood is very important: in order to reduce the temporary deformation of the material to a minimum, its moisture content must be less than 20%.

All wooden elements must be carefully inspected for any damage. As crossbars, bars of 40x80 or 40x100 mm from coniferous or soft hardwood. Logs are laid in increments of 0.4-0.6 m, although if necessary, the step can be reduced.

You may be interested in: How to install underfloor heating?

Logs are mounted perpendicular to the direction of window lighting, and if the direction of movement of people is known, then perpendicular to it. In this case, plywood sheets will be placed along the movement of people.

It is necessary to lay the plywood base at a temperature of at least +6°C and normal air humidity. If the humidity differs from that at which the floor will be operated, then this may cause deformation of the base.

Wood is an elastic material that reacts to fluctuations in humidity and temperature: with an increase in humidity, it expands, which leads to the appearance of bumps, and with a decrease, it shrinks, forming cracks.

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Installation of hydro, sound and heat insulation

Thermal insulation of the floor along the logs: 1. Covering from boards or OSB. 2. Vapor barrier, insulation waterproofing. 3. Wooden logs. 4. Insulation for the floor of the first floor. 5. Sheathing from a board or wire mesh.

Regardless of the type of base, before installing the log, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing material around the entire perimeter of the room.

This will protect the wood from the harmful effects of moisture.

The space between the lags is filled with mineral or basalt wool, polystyrene foam, isover, or sand or expanded clay is backfilled.

The scope of this sheet material is quite extensive. When doing work on your own (construction or repair), plywood is often used in arranging the floor - both for leveling it for the finish coat, and for mounting it on logs of light flooring for further painting or applying varnish. Regardless of the goal pursued by the home master, the technology is identical in both cases.

And given the exact geometry of the plywood sheets, the simplicity of their cutting and low weight, all activities for installing the floor from plywood along the logs at each stage can be done by hand, without resorting to the services of various advisers and assistants.

By itself, the process of arranging a plywood floor will not cause any difficulties even for a non-specialist. The main thing in this work is competent preparation for it. The quality and durability of the coating directly depends on the choice of appropriate materials. For those who are really interested in the final result, the author strongly recommends that you carefully study the information below, and only then master the nuances of installing plywood along the logs.

Sheet stacking scheme

You should start with this. In order to draw a plan of a specific room on a sheet, taking into account all the features of its configuration, you do not need to be a specialist. The main thing is to maintain the scale. After that, measurements of all the linear parameters of the room are made and put on the diagram. It turns out a drawing that will be needed to calculate the required volume of purchase of the required materials.

What is the feature? Plywood sheets have the correct geometry, and go on sale. Mainly for domestic use samples are purchased 244 x 122 or 152.5 x 152.5 (cm) - this is the standard format. There are more overall products, and when finishing large areas, it is much more convenient. But the question arises - how to transport it? For example, with a sheet length of 3.6 m (these are also sold).

After drawing up the plan of the room, it remains only to apply a “grid” on it, the cells of which are projections of each sheet. The task is simple - to draw up a diagram of their laying in such a way as to engage in cutting as little as possible. For those who are first faced with the issue of arranging floors on plywood logs, it is worth explaining what such careful planning gives.

The amount of waste is reduced, therefore, construction (repair) is partially cheaper. A zealous owner will appreciate this.
When we are talking about the performance of a particular technological operation with their own hands, it is understood that the home master uses household tool. Does every home have a jigsaw? So, you have to cut plywood with what is at hand. For example, a hacksaw. And this is both time and low quality of the cut.

What to consider?

When drawing up a plywood laying scheme, it is necessary to arrange all the sheets so as to cover the maximum possible area with them, and it is with whole samples. Naturally, there will be separate sections for which you will have to cut (in size) fragments. But in this case, you can also purchase the so-called substandard. It is in every building / materials store and is sold at bargain prices. As an option - buy sheets of plywood of smaller sizes (there are also such).

Such careful preparation will significantly reduce costs. By the way, this applies not only to plywood (the number of sheets and their sizes), but also to logs. They are also characterized by different lengths, so you have to decide on them.

Choice of plywood

By variety

One of the tasks of do-it-yourself work is to achieve maximum savings. From the same point of view it is necessary to approach the acquisition Supplies. In terms of quality / cost per sheet for arranging floors, the best are. Both of them are moisture resistant, are sold in a large assortment, have identical linear dimensions and sample thickness. What is the difference?

FSF costs 1.5 times cheaper than FC.
In the manufacturing process of both plywood, adhesives are used to hold the veneer layers together. But if the preparation for FC does not contain toxic components, then they are present in the glue for PSF (formaldehyde). That is why the last modification is recommended mainly for external work, since when the temperature rises environment harmful substances begin to be released from such plywood.

How to proceed? If the floor is arranged along the lags in a residential area, it is unambiguous to focus on the FC sheets. For installation in unheated utility rooms (sheds, outbuildings), cheaper plywood with the FSF marking is also quite suitable.

Thickness

The purchase of plywood for this parameter is complicated by the fact that the following points must be taken into account. Firstly, the interval between the lags, which is selected depending on the characteristics of the arrangement of the floor. For example, how and with what it is supposed to be additionally insulated. Secondly, it is possible to increase the strength of the flooring not only by increasing the thickness of the sheets or reducing the distance between the lags, but also by laying plywood not in 1, but in 2 layers.

For a single-layer installation scheme, it is worth purchasing sheets with a thickness (mm) in the range of 15 - 18 (depending on the expected load on the floor). Reducing this value will not ensure the reliability of the coating, increasing it will complicate the work with sheets (first of all, cutting them) and increase the weight of the entire structure to be mounted (and this is an additional load on the floor).
If it is planned to lay plywood in two levels, then samples with a thickness of about 8 - 10 mm can be purchased.

By grade of plywood

As a rule, when arranging floors along logs, cheaper sheet material is purchased. After all, all its flaws are reliably hidden by the finishing. The main thing is that the samples do not have significant defects in the form of chips or emerging cracks.

In some cases, the owner leaves the flooring as it is, covering the plywood only with varnish. With a similar organization of the floor, the purchase of sheets with a grade below 2/4 is impractical. What is the feature of this product? GOST allows the presence of defects on its surface, but only on one side. When arranging the floor along the logs, such plywood (2/4) is the best choice.

According to processing

It is appropriate to note such a characteristic of the sheet material. In order to optimize costs, you should pay attention to plywood, the abbreviation of which contains the designation NSh (unsanded) or NSh1 (with one-sided sanding). Accordingly, what is better to buy depends on how it is planned to finish the subfloor further. If you only paint (apply varnish) - then NSh1. In other cases, cheaper sheets with the designation NSh are sufficient.

Log selection

By material

There are only two possible options - metal or wood. If we consider from the point of view of ease of installation, weight, correct geometry and a number of other parameters, then the conclusion is unambiguous - it is better to purchase metal logs for arranging the floor. But such a judgment does not take into account all the nuances of operation.

In any room, the microclimate changes, sometimes quite dramatically. First of all, this refers to temperature. Its differences cause deformation of materials. To make the design as stable as possible, when combining several different types of elements, they are selected according to expansion coefficients; they should be as equal as possible.

What is a plywood joist floor? Sheets are glued and pressed layers of wood veneer. Therefore, it is better to choose a wooden base on which they are supposed to be fixed. That is, a beam or a thick board mounted on an edge. No matter how convenient metal is to work with, it is unlikely that warping of the floor will be avoided with such lags. If not immediately, then in a couple of years it will definitely manifest itself.

By type of tree

The specifics of the room (dry or wet) does not yet give a complete understanding of the conditions in which the wood will be. Logs are mounted on the ceiling. What is under it - a heated room on the ground floor, a basement or something else? Options may vary. But the probability of rotting, deformation of the material in any case cannot be ruled out.

What is recommended? Larch is the best solution. This coniferous wood is not only resistant to dampness, but unlike other similar species, it does not tar so intensively when the temperature rises, and when wet (in the future) it only gains strength. No wonder it is her experienced craftsmen who use it when laying the lower crown of the log house. In addition, the price of lumber is quite acceptable.

Geometry

It's short here. All joists must be absolutely straight. Even the slightest distortion is unacceptable. Otherwise, not only their alignment when laying on the base will be complicated. Even slight mismatches in the upper cuts in height will lead to the fact that the plywood floor will turn out to be uneven. It is extremely difficult to fix such defects of it, and even in several places, with your own hands.

The optimal cross-section of the beam for the log (mm) is 100 x 50.

According to wood moisture

You need to purchase for the log only lumber dried in production (with an indicator not higher than 12%). It costs more than natural moisture products, but it is here that the savings are not justified. It is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve proper drying of wood on your own - this difficult process, requiring both time, and a suitable place, and competent organization.

Choice of fasteners

The plywood floor is good because it is easy to repair by replacing the sheets. Therefore, as fasteners - only self-tapping screws (for wood).
Since any floor is necessarily subjected to wet cleaning, the hardware must be made of stainless metal. There are enough galvanized self-tapping screws on sale.
Leg length. It is selected depending on the thickness of the plywood sheets and should exceed it by about 2.5 times - this general rule for work related to fixing materials on the basis.

Plywood floor on logs - work procedure

Foundation preparation

The main goal is to eliminate defects in the floor and ensure its high-quality waterproofing. If the floor is arranged along the logs in a new house, then the task is greatly simplified. It is enough just to lay a p / e film (thickened) on the base with the expectation that its edges wrap onto the walls, and fix the sections with construction tape. The excess above the floor - the height of the lag + the thickness of the plywood sheets + another 2 - 3 cm. The protruding film will subsequently be covered with a plinth.

If the leveling of the subfloor is carried out in an already inhabited room, then there are two possible options.

Complete dismantling of the entire structure and work from scratch.
Removing the flooring (with the lag remaining) and waterproofing the floor with penetrating compounds.

The feasibility of a particular solution is determined by the state of the lag and the base on which the installation is carried out.

Installation of the supporting frame

Many questions arise regarding the interval between lags. Partially about what needs to be taken into account (plywood thickness, room area, installation scheme) has already been said. But the main criterion is the dimensions of the sheets. They are laid on logs so that the cuts coincide with the longitudinal axis of the guide.

Therefore, you should focus on the distance between the lags within half a meter. If it is required in some areas, then additional logs are mounted. Actually, the drawing is also drawn up in order to determine them optimal placement by room. As a result, the supporting structure should look something like this.

What to consider:

A wooden “shoe” is placed under each rail (from pieces of MDF, OSV, fiberboard, trimming a thin board). It is easy to fix it on the ceiling. What is the advantage of such a solution? Firstly, there will be good air circulation under the plywood floor, which will partially prevent the formation of mold. Secondly, with this method of installation, it is easier to align the upper sections of the log.
Work begins at opposite walls. Along each, with an indent of 3 ± 0.5 cm, one log is laid. They are aligned in a horizontal plane, and later serve as a guide for mounting the rest.
To achieve maximum alignment of the lag with your own hands, it is advisable to make a special device. The device is simple - a long rail, in the middle part of which a level (building) is fixed. Even better is to buy (or rent) a level. Then there won't be any error.

Floor insulation

From the point of view of "easier, faster, cheaper" - pour expanded clay between the lags or lay mats mineral wool. The work is so simple that it is not worth considering this issue in more detail.

At the same stage, engineering communications are laid (if necessary) - TV lines, Internet, and so on.

Fixing plywood sheets

Work feature:

First, a “fitting” layout of the sheets is done. After they are aligned and adjusted, the installation points of the fasteners are marked.
Each sheet is additionally processed (edges are cut at an angle) and holes for self-tapping screws are drilled.
Countersink. It is mandatory, since the fastener caps must be recessed into plywood after screwing it in.
Placement of sheets. They are mounted one at a time, starting from any of the corners of the room. After alignment with the lags, it is advisable to make “channels” in the beam with a thinner drill. Then the leg of the self-tapping screw will enter the wood quite easily. If the installation is carried out with a screwdriver, then this can be neglected. The main thing is that the fasteners "went" strictly vertically, without distortions.

The figure shows an approximate scheme of their laying.

What to consider:

The placement of self-tapping screws depends on the dimensions of the plywood. Mandatory fastening - around the perimeter of the sample. But the additional fixation is determined by its size. For large-format sheets - according to the scheme crosswise, for small fragments it is enough only in the center.

To reduce the so-called “shat” of sheets, it is worth putting strips of roofing material under them (on the logs).
Plywood is laid so that when it is joined, the bevels form a groove. It is easily filled with sealant, completely closing the resulting gap. This increases the hydro, heat and sound insulation of the floor.
To mask the hats of fasteners, special compounds are also used. They are on sale in various colors. If the plywood is varnished, then it is not difficult to match it to the tone.

If plywood is laid in two layers, then its fastening is done as follows.

The final stage is the cleaning of all joints. As a rule, it is enough to go over the seams with sandpaper to remove excess dried sealant. And then - according to the plan: coating with varnish or paint, finishing other materials. The main thing is that the plywood floor is completely ready.