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Which is better to build a house for permanent residence: we choose what material is better to build a house from. Where to start building a house on the site - all stages, from the foundation to the roof What is better and cheaper to build a house

Live in own house has much more advantages than even the most luxurious apartment. Private house- a place where you are free to do whatever you want. Here you will not be disturbed noisy neighbors who want to make repairs early in the morning or late. Here you are not at risk of being flooded or experiencing the inconvenience that apartment residents face. Many are accustomed to believing that buying a plot, and even more so building a house on it, is fabulous money. However, with the development modern technologies in construction, the cheapest technology for building a house has become several times more affordable. Now we will consider the main question: where to start, and most importantly, from what to build the cheapest house?

Preparatory stage


The first point that needs to be determined initially is the functionality of the house. What is it for.

If this is a country cottage for seasonal living, then only materials are needed,

if it is a complete home for permanent residence, are completely different.

To decide what kind of house will be, you should thoroughly study the climate and weather conditions of the region where construction is planned. After all, the choice of building materials directly depends on the temperature regime during the year. A house for regular residence must be constantly heated during the cold season, which entails certain financial costs. Therefore, when choosing a material for a building, one should be guided by thermophysical properties: thermal conductivity and heat capacity, as well as shrinkage.

Each climatic region has its own temperature regime, wind speed and protection class according to the level of heat-shielding properties. Therefore, when choosing a material and calculating the thickness of the walls, two main parameters must be taken into account: the coefficient of thermal resistance and thermal conductivity.

For each region, its own specially calculated indicator of the thermal resistance of the CTS is used. In order to obtain clarity on the upcoming heating costs, it is necessary to calculate the CTS of the future design. To do this, the width (δ) of the wall is divided by the coefficient of thermal conductivity (λ), which is indicated in technical specifications building material R = δ / λ. The calculated value of heat transfer resistance must comply with the standard.

As an example, consider the use of cellular concrete, which has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.12 W / m * ºС. Let's take a block with a thickness of 0.3 meters and calculate: R \u003d 0.3 / 0.12 \u003d 2.5 W / m 2 * ºС. This figure is below the norm and is suitable, except for construction in the southern regions of Russia. A block 0.4 meters wide gives heat transfer resistance 0.4 / 0.12 \u003d 3.3 W / m 2 * ºС, which is slightly higher than the standard indicator and can be used in the construction of buildings in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The calculation is relevant only when laying blocks on glue.

To determine the wall thickness corresponding to the advanced generally recognized standards in terms of energy efficiency, you can use the same formula, where it will be equal to the product of the heat transfer resistance value and the thermal conductivity coefficient δ \u003d λ x R.

From this it follows that in order to obtain the standard value of the resistance λ = 3.2, the thickness of the wall made of solid wood conifers(pine, spruce) will be equal to 0.18 x 3.2 = 0.576 m, from brick 0.81 x 3.2 = 2.592 m, and from concrete 2.04 x 3.2 = 6.528 m. At the same time, mineral wool insulation with a thickness 140-150 mm complies with the standard: 0.045 x 3.2 = 0.14 m.

Therefore, when choosing a material and determining the thickness of a structure, one should take into account the resistance to heat transfer and the coefficient of thermal conductivity.

Coefficient of thermal conductivity,

specific heat

and the change in linear dimensions for each material is different.

In addition, when choosing a material for construction low cost home, you need to study the market of building materials characteristic of the region. Delivery of materials, as a rule, occupies a considerable share in their cost.

Now you need to decide on the size of the future home. For example, do you want to build cottage inexpensive or the house will have more floors. What will be the area of ​​the house in relation to the area of ​​your site?
You can calculate the area of ​​​​your plot online.

Windows of standard sizes;

Practical layout without frills;

simple roof;

Available building materials;

Flat small fireplace;

One should also take into account important nuance if you have a small area, then you can choose a simple project two-story house. Such a solution will be much cheaper than building a one-story large house.

The cost of a future home is determined by three components, on each of which you can save:

  • architectural layout is compact, maximum functionality and comfort and allows you to achieve 20% savings;
  • a simple design solution should be rational and not contain any architectural frills will provide another 10% savings;
  • modern materials make it possible to use the latest technologies in construction, allowing you to do the work yourself or with the involvement of a minimum amount of outside labor, which guarantees up to 40% savings in the end result.

The optimal solution for a family of 2-3 people is housing consisting of three rooms with total area approximately 50 m2. A reasonable option would be a 6x9 house, which includes: two bedrooms, a living room in the form of a studio, with a kitchen, a combined bathroom and a bathroom and a small entrance hall.
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Layout: maximum functionality and comfort

The main principle of space planning is to extract the maximum benefit from each square meter of space. In our case, this is the ratio of total and usable space. This house, consisting of three rooms with a total area of ​​54 m 2, will fully satisfy your needs in modern housing. Moreover, the ratio of total and usable area (52 m 2) is 96.3%.

But over time, you will want to increase its area. Such a structure is most suitable for transformation. It can be expanded in width and height.

Second option

Important! The construction of the second floor must be thought out in advance in order to lay the appropriate foundation.

Third option, first floor

Third option, second floor

The exterior of the house economy option

Exterior view of the house after expansion

The key to savings: simplicity of design

Designs should also be approached as simply as possible, without additional frills. With economical construction, there are a number of points that must be considered:

  • The selected house width of 6 m will allow you to easily install floor slabs. The standard size will not require the construction of an additional load-bearing wall.
  • Combining the dining kitchen and the hall into a modern living room, according to European standards, will save on the absence of walls and doors.
  • A sufficient width of the walls will be 30 cm, and heat resistance can be achieved due to the thickness of the layer of heat-insulating material when facing the house. In this case, the plinth is reduced in width to 25 cm.
  • It is advisable to make the walls in the house from drywall, they do not require a foundation and are easy to install.
  • The roof is made gable, without unnecessary frills - this is the most cost-effective design.

Building a cheap house with your own hands is the most economical option

Approximately half of the cost of construction is payment for the performance of work. When building a cheap house, it is more expedient to do the maximum amount of work with your own hands, without involving hired workers.

Why you need to purchase only modern material. Its installation technologies are designed for a simple average person, so construction will not require professional skills from you and will provide an opportunity to save money. As a labor force, you can attract one assistant. If you do not have free time to build a house with your own hands, hire a team of two people with the appropriate qualifications, leaving control over the work.

Another option is the construction of standard projects. Here you do not need to participate in the construction, it is enough to take the finished house into operation, be sure to draw up an act of acceptance of the work performed, specifying the warranty obligations of the developer.
This 6×9 house is a great version of a two-story transformation.

Reviews and disputes: which cheap house is better?

To explain which of the cheap houses is better, we invite you to read the comments we have collected from various forums:

Alexander V.

I want to talk about building a cheap house. And I will touch not only the monetary side of the issue, but also the labor-intensive one. We buy modern materials, preferably in a construction hypermarket, where prices are much cheaper. We discard ideas about buildings from improvised materials (clay, straw, savage stone) as untenable. In the 21st century, we can talk about how walls made of clay and a foundation made of rubble. We are talking about modern housing, not Grandpa Pumpkin's house. We will not even consider the environmental friendliness of building materials. At the time of the developed world wide web, you can find the most controversial opinions about any material.
Hired builders will not be considered either. This multiplies the estimate at least twice initially. We carry out construction on our own, everyone can do it. The issue is the duration of the process.
And so the foundation. When building a house, you can not do without it. The most expedient and cost-effective - strip foundation on piles. The job is not difficult. Every 2m we drill piles, the length depends on the soil, and pour the grillage.
Nevertheless, the cheapest construction will be a frame house, insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Building a house of brick or sides on cement mortar will increase the cost of the estimate, take a lot of time, as a result we get a cold building that requires insulation.

Bogdan S.

I was going to build a house 6 × 9. For the past two months, I have been doing a personal project and drawing up a construction estimate. I read smart books, I participate in forums on all topics of interest, I watch videos. Now I read it and understand that everything is as you said: the foundation is piled, the house is frame, the roof is slate. Finishing inside: drywall, OSB boards and wallpaper. Of course plus heating and lighting. One thing I can say is that I do not invest in 10 thousand conditional raccoons. A bit more.

Sergei Zh.

I developed a project for a house of 50 m2 for my friend. Nothing special budget option, but house for year-round use. The foundation is solid. Wooden frame house insulated with mineral wool. Outside vapor barrier film, inside hardboard. The roof is slate. Pretty warm building, suitable for winter use. Appearance is not very good. Just covered with vapor barrier. Subsequently, you can sew up the siding. But the budget is the most modest. A friend spent only 4 thousand USD. True, he built it himself, he didn’t even want to hear about any hired brigade.

Looking at my house, I am more and more convinced that it is hardly possible to build anything cheaper than a frame house. I insulated the walls, rollers, the roof with mineral wool 15 cm thick. In addition, I built an attic floor. My roof is the simplest gable, covered with zerolin. Outside finished with siding, and inside the OSB and pasted wallpaper. It cost me a pleasure of $ 9,500.

The frame is the cheapest and warmest, but this does not mean that it is free. Everything is relative. My friends built a house from Sibit. They were happy until winter came. They froze through the winter, and now they are deciding how to insulate themselves and what it will be like.

Of course, the main costs are building materials, which we will talk about in more detail.

Modern building materials - the cheapest way to build a house

There is a lot of competition in the building materials market today. Therefore, by making a small detour of the main points of purchase, building materials such as a hypermarket, a bazaar or a warehouse, it will not be difficult to find the most reasonable price. But different material differs significantly in price.

The author of the article does not pursue the goal of promoting this or that building material, since the site does not sell them. The main thing is that a person who has a limited budget for construction can become the owner of a good and solid house.

Before reading the various options for houses, pay attention to Compared with other houses, it is characterized by cheap construction.

Cheap brick house?

  1. Brick.

As many people know, brick is one of the most durable, but at the same time heavy materials. Based on this, it has both advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

  1. high strength and durability;
  2. excellent sound insulation;
  3. availability;
  4. environmental friendliness.

disadvantages:

  1. large mass - laying a solid foundation will be required;
  2. insufficient energy saving;
  3. poorly processed;
  4. long construction process.

Modern brick allows you to build any size and design of the house.

Cheap steel structure house

  1. Steel strong constructions.

To date, it is one of the most durable and affordable building materials, which allows you to build reliable structures, houses, etc. in the shortest possible time.

Advantages:

  1. affordable cost;
  2. quick and easy installation;
  3. versatility - you can build any structure;
  4. using modern finishing materials, you can create a unique exterior.

disadvantages:

  1. low strength;
  2. poor and thermal insulation sound insulation without the presence of additional insulating materials.

Steel durable structures are becoming more and more popular today in the construction of private houses.

Cheap wooden house - is it true

  1. Log or timber

A modern stylish log house looks amazing, and high environmental friendliness, durability and thermal insulation distinguish this building material from others.

Advantages:

  1. high strength;
  2. environmental friendliness;
  3. excellent sound insulation;
  4. quick and easy installation;
  5. high thermal insulation;
  6. easy to process;
  7. relatively small weight;
  8. amazing appearance.

disadvantages:

  1. price;
  2. the need for additional pest control;
  3. fire hazard without special impregnations;
  4. low water resistance.

A modern house made of logs or timber is stylish, practical and comfortable.

Favorite: cheap foam concrete house

  1. Foam concrete is the most profitable material for building a house.

A lightweight building material that outperforms others in its characteristics.

Advantages:

  1. quick and easy installation;
  2. high load capacity and low weight;
  3. over time, high strength;
  4. excellent sound and heat insulation;
  5. light weight;
  6. acceptable cost;
  7. easy to process;
  8. environmental friendliness.

Disadvantages:


  1. the first few years after manufacture has a low strength;
  2. the porous structure of foam concrete will require additional finishing work;
  3. hot in the summer.

Foam concrete is the cheapest way to build a house.

We looked at some of the most affordable building materials that can be used to build an inexpensive home. Today they are also widely used: twin blocks, monolith, ceramic stone, etc.

For example, the cost of a one-story frame house with two rooms, a kitchen, a living room and a bathroom will cost 600-700 thousand rubles. Thus, the cheapest frame houses can be built for relatively little money.


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The town-planning appearance of the sleeping districts of Moscow is changing before our eyes. In the coming years, there will be no Khrushchev houses left in the city, and the houses that will grow in their place will set the vector of housing construction for the coming decades. Modern trends are largely created by Muscovites themselves. Unlike Soviet times, citizens now vote with their rubles for the best construction projects. Traditionally, brick and monolithic houses are considered the highest quality. But in terms of sales in Moscow, panel housing is the leader. It outperforms competitors in two key areas: location and price per square meter. Soviet buildings have been replaced by modern technologies and new design solutions that make typical housing comfortable enough. Today in the capital's market, there are three most popular series of new buildings and one dark horse. So what houses do Muscovites choose?

The town-planning appearance of the sleeping districts of Moscow is changing before our eyes. In the coming years, there will be no Khrushchev houses left in the city, and the houses that will grow in their place will set the vector of housing construction for the coming decades. Modern trends are largely created by Muscovites themselves. Unlike Soviet times, citizens now vote with their rubles for the best construction projects.

Traditionally, brick and monolithic houses are considered the highest quality. Popular and But in terms of sales in Moscow, panel housing is the leader. It outperforms competitors in two key areas: location and price per square meter. Most new settlers agree that the panel of the XXI century is not so scary. Soviet buildings have been replaced by modern technologies and new design solutions that make typical housing comfortable enough.

Today in the capital's market, there are three most popular series of new buildings and one dark horse. So what houses do Muscovites choose?

KOPE series - advantages in architecture, size and redevelopment

What are these houses

Buildings of the KOPE series are built from sectional blocks that can be arranged in various ways. This technology comes from the USA. Among other things, it allows you to easily redevelop and even combine apartments.

In our country, such houses began to be built back in the 80s, and in the 2000s, modernized versions of the series appeared on the Russian market - KOPE-M Parus and KOPE-Tower. The height of buildings can be from 12 to 25 floors.

The houses of the Parus series are distinguished by their recognizable architecture: they seem airy thanks to the facade of straight and semicircular glazed loggias.

pros

  • High ceilings 2.8 m
  • Spacious loggias of two types: round and rectangular
  • bay windows
  • Isolated rooms
  • High-quality repair: floor soundproofing, modern pipes for hot and cold water supply, water meters, copper wiring, double-glazed windows
  • Heating system with thermostats
  • The possibility of redevelopment of the apartment (including at the project stage)
  • Three high-speed elevators (passenger and two cargo)
  • Decorative: beautiful facades, rounded shapes, marbled tiles
  • A single hall on the first floor - for the convenience of the elderly, the disabled and young parents with prams
  • fireproof balcony

The area of ​​a one-room apartment in the KOPE-M Parus series is from 38 sq. m. Four-room - 106 sq. m. Kitchens in such houses are designed with an area of ​​​​10 to 15 squares. Three and four-room apartments of the KOPE-tower series have dressing rooms, additional bathrooms and balconies.

Minuses

  • Small bathrooms in some apartments (3 sqm)
  • A lot of non-residential space for the price of housing
  • Certain redevelopment restrictions

Where are they built

In Moscow, there are houses of the KOPE-M-Parus and KOPE-Tower series in Central and South Chertanovo, Konkovo, Ochakovo, Solntsevo, Zyuzino, Obruchevsky and other areas. In the Moscow region, such new buildings can be found in Khimki, Dolgoprudny, Lyubertsy, Podolsk, Mytishchi, and the village of Pykhtino.

Prices for houses of the series depend on the location of the object. For example, in the Michurino microdistrict, a KOPE tower cost an average of 8.5 million rubles, and two-room apartments cost 11.5 million rubles.

Modifications of the P-44 series - comfortable modern apartments

What are these houses

Modern versions of the old P-44 series are no less popular than KOPE-M-Parus and KOPE-Tower. These are new buildings of the P-44T, P-44TM, P-44K and P-44M modifications, which are similar in design characteristics and appearance.

The P-44T version is the leader among them. According to real estate experts, this is a leading modern standard project. Most of these buildings are 17-story buildings that are assembled from sections. Outwardly, they resemble brick houses, as the facade is faced with red brick, on which white loggias and bay windows stand out.

pros

  • Convenient layout and large area
  • High ceilings (2.7 m)
  • Isolated rooms
  • Reinforced concrete internal partitions
  • Increased wall insulation
  • Good sound insulation due to reinforced partitions and ceilings
  • Spacious kitchens without ventilation ducts
  • Half-windows in one-room apartments
  • The possibility of creating a two-level housing
  • Technical premises for engineering communications
  • Modern renovation: copper wiring, batteries with temperature controllers, triple glazing
  • Windows on different sides in some two- and three-room apartments
  • Decorative finishing of the building: metal tiles, "brick" facades, glazed loggias

The area of ​​a one-room apartment in the houses of these series is at least 38 squares with a balcony. Two-room apartments start from 55 sq. m, and three-room apartments - from 75 sq. m. Two-room apartments come in two versions: linear (about 55 squares), where the windows face one side, and "swing" - two-sided apartments.

Depending on the modification of the series, the size of the balcony may vary. So, in the P-44T project, it is 2.3 squares, and in the P-44K - 3.5 squares. m. Some apartments of the P-44M series have guest bathrooms.

Minuses

  • Small kitchens in one-room apartments of the P-44T series (7 sq. M)
  • Shared bathroom in one-room apartments
  • The impossibility of redevelopment of the apartment due to load-bearing internal partitions

Where are they built

Most of the P-44T houses and other buildings of the series are in new areas of mass development. Such buildings can be found in Maryinsky Park, Northern and Southern Butovo, Solntsevo, etc. In addition, these new buildings have grown on the site of demolished five-story buildings and dilapidated housing in old areas: for example, in Shchukino, Zelenograd, Medvedkovo, Izmailovo, Lefortovo, Cheryomushki.

In the Moscow region, such houses are in Balashikha, Zheleznodorozhny, Lyubertsy, Odintsovo, Khimki.

In Moscow, you can buy a two-room apartment of the P-44T series for an average of 8.5 million rubles, and a three-room apartment for 9.9 million rubles.

New buildings of the GMS-2001 series - reliable and high-quality houses

What are these houses

Housing of the GMS-1 series is built from prefabricated elements and decorative details. As a rule, these are 17-storey houses made of three-layer panels (concrete-insulation-concrete). The internal walls and ceilings of the building are made of reinforced concrete.

Among the design features of the series - increased stability. Houses are protected not only from earthquakes, but also from chain collapse, when one damaged section pulls all the others along with it.

Outwardly, the houses of the series are distinguished by characteristic narrow paired windows. The panels are painted at the production stage. Buildings can be white, beige, brown, turquoise, yellow, orange or pink.

pros

  • Comfortable and spacious apartments
  • High ceilings (2.8 sqm)
  • Increased sound insulation (thickened partitions, bathrooms do not come into contact with the walls of neighboring apartments)
  • Increased thermal insulation due to the design of window blocks and modern materials
  • A single hall on the first floor with ramps
  • Concierge room and wheelchairs
  • Dressing rooms (except for one-room apartments)
  • Additional bathroom in three- and four-room apartments

The area of ​​one-room apartments in houses of the GMS-2001 series can be from 38 to 43 squares, two-room apartments - from 53 to 78 square meters. m. The most spacious four-room options reach 120 square meters. m. The size of the kitchen is from 9 to 12 square meters. m.

Minuses

  • narrow corridors
  • Redevelopment restrictions

Where are they built

In Moscow, there are new buildings of the HMS-1 series in South Butovo, Mitino, Novy Kozhukhovo and other areas of new mass development. In addition, such buildings are being actively created on the site of demolished five-story buildings and emergency houses in different parts of the capital: Tushino, Khovrino, Kuntsevo.

There are a lot of buildings of the GMS-1 series in the Moscow region - in Zheleznodorozhny, Podolsk, Krasnogorsk, etc. For example, in the Centralny microdistrict of Zheleznodorozhny, you can buy such housing at a price of 68 thousand rubles per square.

Sobyaninki - a new type of social housing

In the coming years, a dark horse should appear on the market of Moscow new buildings. These are the houses of the PM-P series (17 floors) and PM-Sh (from 6 to 14 floors), which have already been dubbed “sobyaninki”. The nickname suggests itself because the new panel high-rise buildings should become a modern alternative to the Khrushchevs. These homes are expected to revolutionize the affordable housing market.

One of the tasks of the sobyaninok is to provide housing for those on the waiting list and migrants from the emergency fund. Therefore, in the interests of the city budget, construction should be cheap and apartments should be small. They are going to save on design time (all buildings will be standard), production and logistics. During construction, it is planned to use blocks that can be produced at any plant.

The apartments will be designed in accordance with the social norms of living space, which are approved in Moscow - 18 meters per person. This will allow officials not to overspend square meters in the distribution of housing. On average, apartments will be more spacious than in Khrushchevs, but less than in modern new buildings. For example, a typical two-room apartment is planned in two versions: 50 and 56 sq. m. According to experts, from the point of view of buyers, a square in Sobyaninka will be more expensive than in an ordinary panel house.

The main advantage of these houses should be energy efficiency and comfortable modern housing layout.

The projects of the sobyaninki were approved by the city officials only last year. It is too early to talk about the real advantages and disadvantages of such housing. It is known that it will be actively built on the territory of New Moscow and on the site of the demolished five-story buildings. And whether the fate of the predecessors will befall the Sobyaninka, time will tell.

Daria Sergeeva, GdeEtoDom.RU correspondent

The first and main issue to be resolved before the start of construction of a country house is the choice of material.

Not only the comfort of living, but also the level of energy saving depends on the correctness of his decision. Let us consider in more detail what materials are offered on the market today and how each of them fits into the universal formula “price-environmental-friendliness-energy saving”.

Brick house (brick, ceramic blocks)

There are two advantages of such a building - durability and environmental friendliness. Indeed, in terms of its bearing capacity, a brick wall is not much inferior to a concrete one. At the same time, it does not contain crushed granite, which gives a radiation background in buildings with a monolithic reinforced concrete frame and floor panels. However, in terms of energy saving, walls built entirely of solid clay or silicate bricks are seriously inferior to other materials.

In order to meet the modern rigid framework of energy efficiency, the thickness of a brick wall must be at least 120 cm. It is clear that there is no point in building such a powerful "bunker". Therefore, nowadays brick is losing its primacy and is most often used as a decorative exterior cladding.

Attempts to improve the energy-saving qualities of bricks have been going on for a long time. To do this, voids of various shapes (point or slot) are made in it. Such a modification gives a small increase in the energy efficiency of the wall structure, but does not fundamentally solve the issue. If we add to this the laboriousness of building walls from small-sized standard clay bricks, it becomes clear that he needs to look for a replacement.

A good solution to the question of what is better to build a house from is to buy, produced under various brands (Porotherm, Kerakam, Poroton, etc.)

This large-sized material (250x250x140 mm, 380x250x219mm, 510x250x219mm) replaces 4 to 14 standard bricks (250x120x65mm). Thanks to this, the laying process becomes faster and easier.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of such walls is 0.21 W / m ° C, which is almost 3 times less than that of ordinary bricks. In terms of strength, the ceramic block is also not inferior to it (100 kg / cm2) and at the same time it has good frost resistance (up to 50 freeze-thaw cycles) and vapor permeability.

The only drawback of porous ceramic blocks in the recent past was their high cost (more than 4,000 rubles per 1 m3). In 2016, the average price for this material decreased and ranged from 3,500 rubles per cubic meter.

House from building blocks

Large-sized building blocks seriously pressed the standard clay brick. And the point here is not only that their installation requires less time and effort. Affordable price is an important factor determining the choice of a developer. Since the list of building blocks produced today is quite extensive, we will talk separately about each type.

Foam and gas blocks

These materials today enjoy deserved popularity in low-rise construction. The fundamental difference between foam and gas blocks lies in the manufacturing technology and internal structure.

Aerated concrete is obtained by introducing a powder blowing agent into a mixture of cement, sand, lime and water, which creates a network of small through channels inside the material. A foaming agent is added to the raw material for foam concrete, which creates closed pores filled with air inside the block. This also significantly reduces the weight of the unit and increases its energy-saving characteristics.

Open channels serve as good conductors of moisture, so gas blocks need to be protected from getting wet. The foam block is more profitable in this regard, since it absorbs less water. The thermal conductivity and frost resistance of these materials are almost the same.

Density is in the range from 300 to 1200 kg/m3, which allows the developer to accurately select the block for their needs. Manufacturers produce heat-insulating (density from 300 to 500 kg / m3), structural and heat-insulating (500-900 kg / m3) and structural (1000-1200 kg / m3) blocks in several thicknesses - 10, 15, 20 and 30 cm.

This allows you to make the wall warm without additional costs for laying insulation and its protection. To do this, it is necessary to lay a thinner heat-insulating block (15 cm) in the outer row of masonry, and make the inner layer of denser structural and heat-insulating blocks 30 cm thick.

Thanks to the ideal geometry, a do-it-yourself block house without the involvement of professional masons is built quickly and requires minimal finishing in the form of putty or decorative plaster.

The cost of these materials starts from 3000 rubles. for 1 m3. In their reviews, the owners of houses made of lightweight cellular blocks highlight the low cost of construction and minimal heating costs.

Expanded clay blocks

Without abandoning the use of solid bricks, builders invented in the last century. This composite material consists of expanded clay gravel (pellets of burnt and porous clay) and a cement mortar that holds them together.

The material turned out to be quite warm (density from 500 kg / m3) and very durable (you can build houses up to 3 floors high).

For the price, the expanded clay concrete block looks attractive (from 2900 rubles / m3). The environmental friendliness of this building material also deserves attention. The absence of synthetic and polymer additives, good vapor transmission allow it to be fully used in housing construction.

Shell rock blocks

In the era of cheap cargo transportation, the shell rock was a serious competitor to the expanded clay block. This "free" material, which had only to be cut out of the marine sedimentary massif and loaded into wagons, has become "biting" today.

Judge for yourself, the price per cube with delivery to the central regions of Russia reaches 5,000 rubles. Coupled with the fragility and poor geometry of the stone, the developer can only rely on its excellent environmental friendliness.

Arbolite blocks

The main components of this material are wood chips and sawdust (4:1 ratio). They not only make the block warm and light, but also reinforce it, increasing its strength and crack resistance.

The binder, as in the case of expanded clay blocks, here is the cement mortar. The density is in the range from 500 to 850 kg/m3. From it you can build low-rise buildings without using a reinforced belt. This material is sufficiently elastic, therefore, without the formation of cracks, it can withstand the load from floor slabs. The breathability of wood concrete blocks is high and quite comparable with wood.

Its low density speaks eloquently about the good heat and sound insulating qualities of wood concrete. Impregnation with cement makes wood chips durable and resistant to decay. Finishing the walls of wood concrete does not require the use of a reinforced mesh, since the rough surface of the material perfectly holds the plaster. The price of wood concrete blocks starts at an average of 4,000 rubles per 1 m3.

Teplosten blocks

The developer's dream of a masonry material, which simultaneously contains a load-bearing part, insulation and exterior finish, has found its embodiment in Teplosten blocks.

By design, it is a three-layer "sandwich". Its outer and inner layers are made of expanded clay concrete, and inside there is foam. Dissimilar materials in the contact zone protect the fiberglass rods installed inside the block from delamination.

On the outer face of the three-layer block, we see a textured pattern. Having built a new house from this material, the owner can only paint the walls in the desired color, without resorting to expensive decorative plaster.

Appearance of the Teplosten block

The main disadvantage of Teplosten blocks is obvious. This is a foam plastic enclosed between layers of expanded clay concrete. It does not allow water vapor to pass through, so without forced ventilation the house will be damp. Manufacturers solve this problem by releasing special blocks in which there is a vent with a grate.

If the owner of the future house from Teplosten blocks does not take care of the ventilation problem in time, then the foam plastic can give him another unpleasant surprise. Consider the physics of the process of diffusion of water vapor through a wall. Having met an insurmountable obstacle in the form of foam plastic on its way, water vapor will condense in the inner layer of expanded clay. This will lead to wetting of the walls with all the ensuing uncomfortable consequences for living.

The cost of Teplosten blocks starts from 7,000 rubles/m3. Despite the rather solid price, let's not forget that such a wall does not require insulation and rough finishing.

cinder blocks

They were produced in the 80s of the last century as an inexpensive alternative to scarce bricks. Today, cinder blocks are rarely used in residential construction. The large weight and high thermal conductivity of cinder block walls require insulation with mineral or ecowool slabs (10-15 cm) and high-quality finishes.

The cost of cinder blocks offered today to private developers is low and ranges from 2300 to 3000 rubles per 1 m3.

Houses made of logs, timber, wooden frame

At the same time, you should know that a warm enough house for permanent residence can only be built from a log with a diameter of at least 40 centimeters. Today, the standard thickness of the walls of a log house is from 24 to 32 cm, which does not meet the requirements of thermal engineering standards. Therefore, in order not to spend significant amounts on heating, a wooden frame must be additionally insulated.

The cost of 1 m3 of rounded logs prepared for laying in 2016 is from 7,000 to 10,000 rubles. The cost of dry profiled timber is even higher and starts from 10,000 rubles per cubic meter.

For glued profiled timber, which gives minimal shrinkage and is practically not subject to warping, sellers ask from 22 to 26 thousand rubles. Forecasts of market specialists indicate that in 2017 a price jump for this material is not expected.

Finishing a brief review of materials for the construction of wooden houses, a few words should be said about the frame technology.

It is difficult to call it high-speed, since the degree of factory readiness here is practically “zero”. At the facility, builders assemble a frame from individual beams and boards, spending no less time on this than masons laying blocks. But in terms of reliability and durability, a house built using frame technology is not much inferior to capital structures made of wood.

There are no problems with energy saving in such housing either. The customer can choose any thickness of insulation, without spending money on external insulation and finishing, as in the case of block or log construction.

Since no one regards the frame in cubes, then we will have to compare the cost of 1m2 of a frame wall with the cost of a log and timber wall.

The main elements of the frame - racks, board, mineral wool, vapor barrier, wooden blockhouse or DSP slab (outside), drywall or lining (inside) are considered quickly and simply, amounting to a total of 1,200 rubles / m2.

At the same time, the cheapest wall made of logs with a thickness of 32 cm will cost you 2,500 rubles per 1 m2. Do not forget that it will still have to be insulated, spending from 250 to 300 rubles. Thus, at the price of materials, the “framework” noticeably outperforms the log house.

With the same heat-insulating ability, the wooden wall of a frame house is cheaper than a block one (a frame with 150 mm mineral wool versus 40 cm thick aerated concrete blocks + 5 cm mineral wool).

SIP panel house

This material cannot be called optimal from the point of view of environmental friendliness, although the manufacturers of such buildings are trying to prove the opposite.

The main advantage is the high speed of construction. It is difficult to categorize these designs as cheap.

The cost of 1 m2 of a sandwich plate, depending on the thickness of the insulation (10,15,20 cm), ranges from 900 to 1500 rubles. For comparison, the cost of 1 m2 of a gas block wall 40 cm thick is about 1200 rubles.

LSTK (light steel structures)

The undivided dominance of drywall technology has prompted engineers to create a more durable analogue for assembling the frame of low-rise buildings. So a new technology was born. It was based on light steel structures (LSTS).

The assembly of buildings from a steel profile is similar to the installation of wooden "frames". At the same time, LSTC houses surpass them in terms of durability, biostability and fire safety. The speed of construction of such housing is lower than when using SIP panels, but higher than that of block and log construction.

The high cost of the metal is the main drawback of the LSTK technology. The average cost of materials for the construction of 1 m2 of a metal profile wall is about 2,400 rubles.

concrete panels

Large-sized expanded clay panels are rarely used these days. The main reason for the low demand is the minimum choice of sizes and layout solutions.

Expanded clay concrete wall panel

However, one can quickly build a new house from them compared to using bricks, timber or cellular blocks (the price of 1m2 of a 34 cm thick panel does not exceed 1,300 rubles). To this price you need to add the cost of insulation (150-200 rubles per 1m2). Without it, the wall will not meet modern thermal standards.

Summing up our review, we will give brief practical recommendations.

1. Among the most popular budget options for low-rise construction are gas and foam blocks, expanded clay concrete blocks and a wooden frame.

Ceramic blocks, which were included in the category of expensive materials, have fallen in price in most regions of Russia today. Therefore, we will also rank them in the category of budget solutions for private construction. Excellent heat-insulating qualities, impeccable environmental friendliness, a large selection of standard sizes - all these positive qualities of ceramic blocks deserve your attention.

2. Arbolite blocks occupy a higher price step. The house from them turns out warm and durable. It creates a comfortable microclimate and comfortable acoustics. The disadvantages of wood concrete should include the dependence of quality on the production capabilities of a particular manufacturer. Not all companies producing this material use high-quality wood chips, adding a large amount of sawdust and substandard woodworking waste to the feedstock.

3. Blocks Teplosten and LSTK at first glance cause sympathy. Houses from them are built quickly and not expensively. At the same time, many developers have reasonable doubts about their reliability and environmental friendliness, which does not have the best effect on the popularity of these materials.

4. Installation of a house from SIP panels can rightfully be called the fastest and most budget option. It is difficult to attribute these designs to the category of popular solutions, since there are serious doubts about their environmental friendliness and reliability.

5. A log and profiled timber, as a first approximation, look quite budgetary. However, here you need to take into account the additional costs of insulation and regular antiseptic treatment of walls. In addition, the quality of log cabins strongly depends on the quality of the material used and the qualifications of the installers. The main advantages of round logs and profiled timber are environmental friendliness and aesthetics.

6. Glued laminated timber is an elite building material. Beautiful and environmentally friendly houses are being built from it, which cannot be classified as budget houses. The lack of shrinkage and high assembly speed please developers who have chosen this option.

Concluding our review, we note that when looking for the best option for building a new house, you need to:

  • Find out the availability and price of the material you like in your region.
  • Study the reviews of the owners of houses built from it.
  • Get as much information as possible about suppliers, manufacturers and contractors offering construction services from the material you are about to buy.
  • Visit construction exhibitions in your region, production workshops and facilities under construction. Here you will receive valuable and objective first-hand information.

Every person wants to build their own own house, but even if there is a land plot or the opportunity to purchase it relatively inexpensively, many consider this a pipe dream. But in vain!

Construction of a 3-room individual residential building "turnkey" for little money- this is real!!!

So, how is it anyway build the cheapest house?

Three main indicators influence the cost of building a residential building:

    Architectural and planning solution.

    The layout of the house should be compact, functional, modern and as convenient as possible. (Save up to 20%)

    constructive solution.

    The constructive solution should be simple, rational and without architectural excesses. (Saving up to 10%)

    Applied material and work.

    Building materials must be modern, and work must be high-tech. (Saving up to 40%)

The project of the cheapest residential building with an increase of up to 6 rooms.

We propose to consider together the project of a residential building, which will help solve the main problem - this is to significantly reduce its cost during construction.

A simple constructive solution, using modern building technologies, allows you to perform a significant amount of work yourself. As the saying goes: “It’s not the gods who burn pots,” but even when hired workers are used, the house that will be discussed is built by a team of 2 people, which slightly increases its cost.

All of the above reduces the cost of building a house by almost half.

In addition, over time, such a house, if desired, can be transformed (enlarged) to 4, 5 or 6 rooms, while not violating the main functional planning solutions.

The cost of building a house directly depends on the total area, therefore, despite the small size of the house (6 x 9m), it has three living rooms, and the area of ​​​​the living room (in which we spend most of the time) is 25.75 sq.m.

Let's look at the process of building the cheapest house in more detail.

Architectural and planning solution

The main principle of planning solutions for all residential buildings is based on the minimum ratio of the total area to the usable area, while the layout should be modern and comfortable for living, in other words, you need to extract maximum amenities from the total area.

The total area of ​​this 3-room house is only 54 sq.m.! However, the useful area, which includes all living rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom, an entrance hall, is 52 sq.m. or 96.3% of the total area, while in ordinary houses and apartments this figure ranges from 70%.

Yes, in this house the vestibule is combined with the hallway, but since it is warm, which is acceptable for any climatic zone of Russia.

There is not a single pantry in the house, but in the garden you will eventually have a garage, households. building or sauna, which will fill this gap.

A combined bathroom for apartments is an undesirable thing, however, in a private house it is possible, because. at the host buildings you will also have a bathroom

The project of such a residential building is considered in more detail in this article. In the same place, you can also download a project of a residential building for free, or rather, its planning and architectural solutions.

Structural solution

A simple constructive solution of the house allows you to further reduce construction costs.

  1. The width of the house is 6 m clean - which is quite normal for the ceiling and does not require the construction of an additional main wall (respectively, the foundation and basement).
  2. The planning solution of the combined living room according to generally accepted traditional world standards (in Russia it was a room) allows you to save on the absence of partitions and doors between the dining room kitchen and the hall.
  3. The width of the walls of the house is 30 cm (heat resistance, depending on the climatic zone, is regulated when facing with "siding" the thickness of the additional insulation), respectively, the width of the plinth is reduced to 25 cm, i.e. into a brick.
  4. All partitions in the house are plasterboard, which does not require additional foundations for them, and they are made using a simplified technology (more details in the working draft).
  5. The roof is gable, without architectural and structural excesses.

The exterior of the cheapest house - option number 1

Appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation (increasing the area)

The exterior of the cheapest house - option number 2

The appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation - option number 2

Work and building materials

Everyone knows that the "lion's share" in the cost of building a house is the cost of work (about 50%), so it is necessary to use modern high-tech materials. Why?

This will allow almost 90% of the work to be done independently (because all new technologies are designed for the layman) and save a significant part of the money.

Moreover, you can spend money (on building materials) as they become available. But if they are available or you managed to get a loan, then you can build this house yourself (you and an assistant).

Of course, when performing certain types of work, you cannot do without specialists, but as already mentioned, this will be approximately 10%.

Basic building materials and their cost (on average in Russia)

  1. Foundations - monolithic reinforced concrete - 35000r.
  2. Basement and concrete pavement - brickwork in 1 brick (250mm) - 12000r.
  3. Walls (300mm) - foam concrete, aerated concrete, gas silicate, etc. - 43700r.
  4. Exterior wall cladding - vinyl siding with insulation and lathing - 26520r.
  5. Roofing and ceiling - wooden trusses coated with a metal profile along the crate, insulation, vapor barrier, plasterboard - 54250r.
  6. Windows - metal-plastic with installation - 30100r.
  7. Partitions, door blocks and interior decoration - GKL (plasterboard sheets) with sound insulation, wallpapering, plastic panels - 28500r.
  8. Floors - concrete preparation, laminate, carpet and ceramic tiles - 29430r.
  9. Water supply and sewerage - plumbing equipment, PVC pipes - 10000r.
  10. Heating - wall-mounted double-circuit boiler; plastic pipes for hot water supply and heating, aluminum radiators - 45500r.
  11. Electricity supply - 11000 rub.

TOTAL: 315000r. Taking into account contingencies (10% of the total), the total cost of building materials is 347000 R.

IMPORTANT! The above prices for the construction of a residential building were calculated in 2010 and are not relevant today. The information provided will be updated shortly.

Schedule of construction work (team of 2 people)

  1. Foundation installation - 3 days
  2. Construction of the basement and draft floors - 3 days
  3. External wall laying - 5 days
  4. Production, installation of trusses, roofing - 3 days
  5. Installation of door and window blocks in the outer walls - 1 day
  6. Facing with siding - 3 days
  7. Installation of electrical wiring - 1 day
  8. Facing load-bearing walls and filing the ceiling with plasterboard sheets - 2 days
  9. Installation of partitions - 2 days
  10. Puttying seams - 1 day
  11. Wallpapering - 2 days
  12. Installation of door blocks - 1 day
  13. Floor installation - 3 days
  14. Arrangement of internal engineering networks and installation of plumbing fixtures - 3 days

Total 32 working days.

Taking into account unforeseen work, the construction time is 1.5 months.

Conclusion:

Total: the total cost of building the cheapest house will be 350 tr.

But even if we use fully hired labor, the cost of the house will increase slightly, i.e. exactly one and a half months' salary of 2 workers, which in the end will be much lower than the cost of a similar 3-room apartment.

Make yourself respect - make the dream a reality!

IMPORTANT!
This material is posted on the site for informational and educational purposes.
The design organization is not engaged in the construction of residential buildings.

Often, before starting the construction of a house, a happy developer takes into account all the nuances, except for the features of the land, neglecting not only the advice of surveyors, but also the recommendations of architects.

As a result, after just a year, the building may warp, the walls may crack, and the foundation may cease to be suitable at all. Even worse, if the new house is recognized as an illegal construction ...

To prevent this from happening, I decided to tell you, dear readers, about the categories into which the land can be divided according to its purpose. After reading the recommendations, you will clearly understand where you can build a house and where you cannot build it.

This is very important to know, because after the acquisition of land on which, it would seem, construction can be started, it may turn out that it is impossible to build a house for permanent residence.

So, land plots for individual housing developments are ranked by categories and types of purpose, and can not only be classified as lands of settlements and agricultural purposes, but can also turn out to be specially protected by the state territories, industrial lands, forest fund or water fund.

Lands of settlements and settlements;

Agricultural land;

Plots for individual housing construction (IZHS);

Land plots of peasant farms (KFH);

Horticulture (SNK, SNP, SPK);

Land for suburban construction;

Land for personal subsidiary plots (LPH);

We will not dwell on each type of land in detail, we will better deal with the physical characteristics of land plots.

Before starting construction of a house, you should decide on, the type of which depends on the characteristics of the soil on the site. Determine the heaving, the depth of freezing and groundwater.

On lands where clay and loam is a little easier to build a house, if their content is high, a columnar foundation should be used, which will be deepened according to freezing standards. More about this in GOST 24847-81 and SNiP 2.02.01 - 83.

It is necessary to take into account the location of the future house relative to the hills on the ground.

It is easier to design a house on a plain, it is enough to fulfill the basic requirements.

If the land plot is located on a hill, then this threatens with additional costs for strengthening crumbling soil and the roof of the house.

You will also have to make a special calculation of the degree of inclination of the roof, additionally insulate the structure. That is, you need to think carefully about which house to choose.

If the house is being built in a lowland located at the foot of a hill, then rainwater will be sent straight to the garden, and you need to take care of a complex drainage system, additionally insulate and seal sewers and water pipes. The foundation of the house in the lowland must be very strong.

It is very important to take into account the nature of temperatures, precipitation rates and solar impact in the region. Based on these data, choose the technology of building a house, order wholesale deliveries of building materials.

Where can you build a house?

A land plot, among other things, may have serious restrictions on the construction of a residential building on it. Construction may be completely prohibited, or allowed, but only if the requirements established by the authorities are observed.

You can not build if the site is located:

On the towpath;

In the coastal protective zone of the reservoir;

In the first belt of the sanitary protection zone (ZSO) of the source of drinking water supply;

In the sanitary zone of the railway or highway;

In the sanitary zone of an industrial enterprise, near a power plant, near gas stations, sewage treatment plants, near a cemetery;

In the zone of protection of cultural heritage sites.

A shoreline is a strip of land at the edge of a reservoir up to 20 meters wide. Be sure to specify this point if you decide to buy a "site near the water."

The coastal protective strip of the reservoir is a piece of land determined by the authorities with a width of 20 to 100 meters.

The boundaries of the first zone of the ZSO are established, as a rule, 100 meters from the edge of the water source.

The sanitary zone of a railway or highway can be up to 500 meters, and the sanitary zones of industrial enterprises - up to 2000 meters.

Construction of a house with special requirements:

In the water protection zone;

On lands with specially protected natural areas.

The area of ​​the water protection zone is established based on the characteristics of the reservoir. The width of such a zone can be up to 500 meters. The construction of a house is possible only if there is a permit from the environmental impact assessment and a sanitation station.

On the lands of state nature reserves and parks, health-improving areas and resorts, it is possible to build taking into account the special legal regime established by the authorities.

The above rules and restrictions are basic and frequently encountered. Keep them in mind when choosing a land plot to avoid negative consequences.

If you want to add or object, write a comment about it.