How to make an entrance porch to a private house. How to build a wooden porch - a beautiful and functional extension for entering the house. Location relative to the house

10.04.2020

The entrance to the house is the visiting card of the owners, so you need to make sure that it looks presentable. It is difficult to make a favorable impression about the dwelling as a whole, if the porch is built somehow, its design should emphasize the beauty of your house, its style and add a kind of “zest”. The times of inharmonious buildings or houses of the same type are in the past - today families want to see their home not only cozy, but also having its own bright individual face.

The first thing that demonstrates this way of looking at things is the neat steps at the entrance. Let us consider in more detail what to choose if you decide to make a porch to the house with your own hands.

wooden porch

The most popular and affordable option is the construction of a wooden porch. Most often these simple designs made from pine, it is inexpensive, aesthetically pleasing, and therefore popular.

Pine has a beautiful texture, if you properly install such a porch, carefully open it with varnish or paint, then it will look great for many years.

Pine steps can be supplemented with railings, you can equip a special area for relaxation, on which to put chairs, green spaces, and decor. In the latter version, the porch will already resemble a small terrace.

Wood can be combined with natural stone, it is relevant in different styles, looks harmonious, suitable for the construction of a platform, as a small decor.

Very often, houses built from wooden materials, in fact, repeat the simple and modern urban architecture, although it is not always combined with the surrounding nature. If this has already happened, and the house, for one reason or another, was built according to an unpretentious project, the porch can save the whole thing.

It can be stylized antique, carved, decorated with a large number of decorative elements. It is good if the gates are made in the same style. This option, combined with a well-groomed landscape, will correct the situation, and make your home unlike any other, give it a unique look.

stone porch

Steps made of stone are a classic version of the porch of the house. In addition to durability and strength, the stone is always beautiful, the home will look presentable.

There are many varieties of natural and artificial stone, others are suitable for laying out the base, while others are for arranging a decorative element, it all depends on the style of the house.

You can take granite or marble, sandstone, or quartz, dolomite - all these materials and many others are suitable for the implementation of the project. Take into account not only beauty, but also practicality. For example, steps made of polished granite are flawless, but they are very slippery, rubble stone does not look so presentable, but it lasts a long time and is easy to lay with your own hands.

Advice! If you wish, you can build a large porch with monumental columns, the main thing is that it fits into the overall style of your home.

Metal and wrought iron porch

As a rule, when they plan to build a forged or metal porch, they mean exclusively decorative elements of the structure, such as awnings and railings, less often they make metal steps. However, a fully metal porch looks elegant and expensive.

In addition to aesthetics, the undoubted advantage is a high degree of strength and long service life. With your own hands, if not the experience of working with metal, it is difficult to build such a porch. However, you still have to put your hands on it, since it will often have to be painted and processed, otherwise the metal porch will become unusable due to corrosion.

Important! It should be taken into account that metal steps are cold and slippery, it may be worth equipping wood flooring.

brick porch

Attractive in appearance, a solid and presentable version of a brick porch is also considered a reliable and practical solution for external design dwellings.

The installation of such a design will take a lot of time, you will have to make an effort, but the work will subsequently pay off in operation, because it will not require additional serious maintenance and permanent repairs.

Very often, the brick porch has a concrete base, sometimes the steps are covered with other materials. For example, they can be tiled, it looks cozy and homely. Again, as with the options outlined above, you need to make sure that the porch is not excessively slippery, otherwise in winter ice and snow will make your entrance to the house potentially dangerous, especially for children and the elderly.

concrete porch

Concrete is not only a versatile material, it is reliable, besides, any concrete project becomes budgetary by default. A concrete porch is a completely monolithic single structure, it will not stagger like a wooden one after a while.

In addition, the scope for creativity in terms of decorating the porch is almost boundless. Concrete can be given any shape, any color or shade, and this will in no way affect total cost your project.

A concrete porch is often decorated with tiles. Often found interesting options, which are finished with stone, painted, processed with other materials.

In the most various buildings, wooden, brick, covered with siding, concrete porch can be left without any decor or special coating. The main thing is that it should be done carefully, and it will quietly emphasize decorative features houses, wall textures, other.

Porch decoration, a little about style

AT ideal any decoration of the house should be competently combined with other elements, not only with the facade, but also with the fence, gates, even with the path and green spaces. The porch can be decorated in different ways, including tiles or polycarbonate, but this should be appropriate.

The tile is installed both on concrete and on brick, this not only increases its attractiveness, but also helps to equip an additional seating area. Tiles should be carefully selected according to style and color scheme, in accordance with the chosen style of the entire site. Let's take a closer look at some of the styles.

Eternal classic in design

Recognizable features of any design in the classical style are rigor, exquisite consistency, harmonious moderation in decor. Usually, the porch in a house built in a classical style is equipped not only with a canopy, but is also complemented by beautiful decorative columns, classic railings with soft-shaped balusters.

Traditional finishing materials are stone (marble, granite), various ceramic tile, as well as painted and carefully crafted wood.

In the classical style, decor is quite acceptable, and the owners of houses often like to work on it on their own, which, as a rule, gives the home a unique look and homeliness. It should be remembered that classic style tends to symmetry and correctness, clarity of all lines.

It is better to make the visor above the porch high, and the staircase itself wide, and not very steep. Beautiful railings with wrought iron elements are always appropriate, the style of which should be repeated in decorative trim gate.

Porch in country style

The style of coziness and rustic simple charm is timeless, no matter which country you are inspired by. A beautiful wooden staircase will be ideal for almost any style of country style, American, English or French.

Finishing in this style is accepted only with natural materials, concrete or polycarbonate will have to be abandoned, natural wood, rough stone will do.

Important! When building a porch with your own hands, you need to ensure that the texture of the living natural material. Street lights with diffused yellow light and "grandmother's" rugs on the steps are appropriate in any country.

Porch decorated in Russian style

In Russia, the front entrance to the hut has long been not just beautiful, but frankly exquisite. The best craftsmen worked on the construction of the porch, it was decorated with complex carved ornaments and patterns, balusters and pillars of the most complex shapes. Today, the "Russian style" in the decoration of the porch is very popular.

In this case, manual work is not only appropriate, but also desirable, and if you know how to work with wood and can make an openwork porch with your own hands, then it is simply necessary to apply your talents here.

The peculiarity of the "Russian" porch in the classic version is that it is not covered with colored paint, it is usually used clear nail polish, since the texture of a living tree should be noticeable. It is allowed to use wood stain, light toning of wood. There are no other strict canons in finishing styles, it all depends on the imagination and skill of the author.

Finnish porch

Like almost any direction born in the Nordic countries, this Scandinavian style should demonstrate simplicity, but at the same time reliability and absolute strength.

When decorating a Finnish-style porch, you need to adhere to strict moderation and exquisite conciseness. If your small house is finished with siding, then the Finnish porch is the perfect choice.
The porch (preferably wooden) should be neatly painted in any shade of white, railings and wide steps are required. From the decor, simple motifs on a marine theme are quite appropriate.

French charm in the design of the porch

French style suggests a large number of various decorations, for example, in the form of forged ornate lattices on the railing, the front door is decorated with the same lattices, on which there should be a small glass “window” in the middle.

The French porch is decorated with a variety of curly details; on the wide steps you need to find a place for several wicker baskets with fresh flowers.

Porch in high-tech style

Taking into account the general style of the high-tech direction, you can see that straight and beautiful stairs, made with careful finishing of details, are appropriate in it. If concrete is not appropriate in the country, then here it is more than desirable, especially in combination with shiny metal and glass. Steps should be wide, as this style likes a lot of free empty space.

The black and white color palette is complemented by a metallic sheen. It is very cool to decorate the railing with shiny elements made of perforated metal, similar to factory blanks. A metal-plastic door is ideal for such a porch. As a decor, it is good to use “industrial” type lamps with white or cold neon light, which are usually mounted on each step of the porch.

How to decorate the porch attached to the house (photo)

The patio porch option has already been discussed above, the main decor of such a porch is green spaces and flowers. On such a porch, a special platform is made, designed for small decorative flower pots, or arranging a cozy place for a short rest.

Flowers can be placed on specially made forged stands, hung in beautiful planters, put around the perimeter of the barrier, hang it against the wall near the very entrance to the house.

Nothing decorates the entrance to a home like flowers. They are appropriate for any style, if your porch is completely low, you can direct it to the fence climbing roses or clematis, hop branches. All this will not only add coziness to your home, but also create additional shade on a hot summer day.

Advice! To better protect the entrance to the house from the sun, you can use light fabrics when decorating the porch, this is especially appropriate in the French style and in the country.

When planning additional porch decoration, especially if you have a small patio, purchase small size garden furniture. In combination with green spaces, you can get a beautiful and very cozy relaxation area, where you can have a cup of tea in the evening, enjoying the outdoors.

Conclusion! If the theater begins with a hanger, then the house begins with a porch. Remember this, and do not leave the design of the porch for later. Let your home be cozy and harmonious.

Most correct option the porch is when its foundation is cast along with the house. In this case, there are practically no problems. Sometimes when planning a building, they forget about it. Then the porch is attached to the house. They make an extension mainly from three materials: wood, metal and concrete. If the house is brick, they can build it out of brick. Another option is to make from building blocks with subsequent finishing. In any case, when planning to make a porch with your own hands, you must immediately decide what kind of foundation to make and whether or not to connect it with the foundation of the building.

How to calculate parameters

First you need to decide which side the steps will go to. They can be on one, two or three sides. Determine this based on personal preferences and finances that you can / want to allocate for construction. The height of the porch depends on the height of the plinth and should be 50-70 mm below the edge door leaf. This small step prevents precipitation from entering the house. Perhaps more importantly, it prevents the doors from being blocked if the porch rises from frost heaving (if the doors open outward).

Determine the dimensions of the top platform

The layout of the porch begins with determining the size of the upper platform. If the doors open outward, you should be able to open the doors while standing on the platform. That is, its depth should be 30-40 cm more than the width of the door leaf. According to the recommendations of GOST, the dimensions of the site should be 1.5 times the width of the doorway. More is possible - less is undesirable - inconvenient.

If your doors are 80 cm wide, then the depth of the upper platform at the very minimum is 120 cm. You determine its width based on the tastes and proportions of the house, but it must definitely be greater than the width of the doorway.

We count the number and size of steps

You know the height of the porch: 50-60 mm below the door leaf. The recommended step (riser) height is 15-20 cm. Divide the height of the porch by the height of the steps, you get the approximate number of steps. The number is rarely whole. The remaining centimeters can be divided between all the steps or make one of them higher. Another option is to make a small step at the bottom, although this can be inconvenient.

The optimal step width (tread) is 25-30 cm. Knowing the number of steps, the depth of the upper platform, the depth of the steps, you can calculate the dimensions of the porch completely. According to them, it is already possible to develop the foundation for the porch.

When choosing the parameters of the steps, one must adhere to the recommendations of SNiP: the sum of the prosup and the double riser should be in the range of 600-640 mm. For example, you calculated that the height of the step (risers) is 17 cm, the tread (depth of the degree) is 280 mm. After completing the calculations, we get: 170 mm * 2 + 280 mm = 620 mm. We fit into the recommended parameters, so nothing needs to be changed.

What foundation is needed

If the porch is planned to be light - wooden or metal - the foundation is most often made of pile or column. Specifically, they are chosen based on geological conditions. On well-draining soils with low ground water enough , with a tendency to heave needed already , perhaps .

For a heavy porch - made of brick or monolithic concrete- make a strip foundation or. The type of foundation is most often similar to that on which the house is built.

Then you need to decide whether you will tie the porch foundation to the house foundation or not. Decisions are made based on the planned mass of the extension and the type of soil. Both options have disadvantages. If there is no connection, cracks often form at the junction of the porch and the house, and the porch can warp due to frosty heaving. Owners of summer cottages often face such a problem - basically the porch to the summer cottages is made wooden and incoherent. After the earth thaws, it may itself “sit down” in place, or it may require some additional measures.

When arranging connections, the formation of cracks is also possible, but not only at the junction, but also in the “body” of the extension. This happens if the arranged reinforced connections cannot compensate for the uneven load created by the house and the extension. Therefore, a connected foundation for the porch is made if it is attached to a heavy house and itself is heavy and massive, made of reinforced concrete. The second difficulty with this decision is to make the connection of high quality. To do this, use ribbed reinforcement with a diameter of 12-16 mm, under which holes are drilled in the foundation with a given diameter. Reinforcement is hammered into them and on its basis a frame for the porch is knitted.

There are two main designs of stairs: on bowstrings and on stringers. They can be made from wood or metal. There are also combined options - metal + wooden steps or metal + concrete steps.

Stair structures - on bowstrings and stringers

On bowstrings

Ladders on bowstrings are the simplest. For a porch - a good option, especially if the house is wooden or a small country house. Support bars are attached to the inside of the bowstring. If you work with metal, the bars are welded horizontally (you can use minimal slope 1-2° in order for water to flow from the steps). In the case of wood, support bars can either be nailed, to which the step will then be attached, or notches are cut in the bowstring (no more than 1/2 of the thickness of the board), into which the step boards are inserted.

On kosoura

The ladder on the stringers can also be of a simple design - with open supports. In this case, triangles are cut at the required angle in the upper part of the board. Their lower part serves as a support for the steps.

When cutting the stringer, the height of the step and the width of the tread are set aside. They are connected at right angles. According to the marked markup, a template is made, with the help of which all the steps are marked.

The number of stringers in a staircase depends on its width and on the thickness of the boards used for the steps. The thinner the board for the steps, the more often you need to put stringers. If you use 25 mm boards, then there should be a distance of no more than 50-60 cm between the two supports. If you need a large width of the stairs, but do not want to put three stringers, use thicker boards. It is important that they do not bend under your feet.

If you decide to weld a ladder on stringers from metal, you will need to be patient: you will have to weld many small segments, but the principle of formation is the same.

Ways of fastening parts

The lower edge of the porch stairs can sometimes rest directly on the ground. This option is simple but unreliable. Firstly, the soil may settle, the staircase will begin to collapse. Secondly, when in contact with the ground, both wood and metal are destroyed faster. There are special impregnations for wood (Senezh and Senezh Ultra, for example), and metal is well formed with a primer and painted in several layers. Nevertheless, it is better to make a base - to fill in a shallow-depth tape, on which the bowstrings or stringers will rest.

K iron concrete base there are two ways to fix the stairs for the porch - to the bed - a beam with a section of at least 75 * 75 mm or to a mortgage beam of a smaller section (in the photo on the left).

Difficulties may arise with the installation of porch pillars. There are several ways. There is one very simple and effective one that works great even on heaving soils (clays and loams). Holes are dug under the pillars with a depth of 50-60 cm. A bucket and a half of sand is poured into them at the bottom, and it is well tamped. On top of the sand, rubble is poured from half a bucket and also rammed. They put a pole, level it to the level, put spacers that will hold it in a given position. The space between the wall of the hole and the pillar is gradually covered with rubble, carefully ramming it. The hole is filled flush with the ground, the top can be concreted (so that the precipitation does not drain), but not spilled to the very bottom. The poles installed in this way do not lead even with strong heaving. A significant part of the water goes into the sand, and the rubble takes over the remaining forces of frost heaving, neutralizing them.

If piles, strip foundation or monolithic slab, the columnar base is folded, then for fastening wooden racks studs or special glasses are walled up in concrete. After the concrete has matured, the bars of the racks are attached to them with capercaillie or bolts.

If the racks are metal, a corner with a wall thickness of at least 3-4 mm is laid in the concrete so that it can be easily welded to it later.

When building a wooden porch with your own hands, questions may arise about attaching railings and balusters. They can be assembled on ordinary nails, but if desired, you can use bolts or capercaillie. In this case, holes are pre-drilled, then fasteners are installed in them and tightened with an angle wrench. Such a connection is certainly more reliable than just on nails.

If the porch is attached to a freshly cut wooden house, in which shrinkage has not yet been completed, and the design of the porch provides for a canopy, it is necessary to mount the racks on special adjustable plates.

We draw your attention to the fact that both the metal and wood that you will use to build the porch require careful processing. The porch is exposed to all climatic influences and the materials require good protection.

Monolithic concrete stairs

The most durable stairs are made of monolithic concrete. They take longer to make than metal or wood, but their service life is calculated in decades. The types of stairs made of concrete are described in detail in the video. The basis of the calculation is also given.

How to DIY concrete stairs on stringers, see the next video.

wooden porch

A wooden porch is one of the most common options in our country. Wood is plastic, easy to work with, costs relatively little (in our country), forgives many mistakes. That is why it is a favorite building material.

It also has disadvantages: it requires good protection before starting construction (antibacterial impregnations and fire retardants), as well as regular care - updating the protective paintwork. Then it looks attractive for a long time, otherwise it quickly loses its decorative effect.

One of the options for building a wooden porch with a staircase on bowstrings can be seen in the video. Please note that the porch is being built on sandy soil, so the method of installing the pillars used is not suitable for everyone. Everything else is clear.

brick porch

Since brick is a dense and heavy material, a serious foundation is required for a brick porch. Usually it is a monolithic slab, and with double reinforcement, and it is better if it is larger in size than the planned porch.

When calculating the parameters of the steps, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the brick and the thickness of the seam between them. Then it will be easier to lay the work - no need to cut the brick. If you are not going to clad the porch, for the outer rows use quality material. The inner rows - backfilling - can be made from battle or building blocks and their remnants.

Brick porch with wooden steps

If the house is on a high plinth, do monolithic porch brick is too expensive. Then the columns or walls are folded, leaving empty space inside. It can then be used for household purposes or covered with decorative shields. If needed top platform, from above, these columns / walls are overlapped with a concrete slab - homemade or finished - this is optional. Then a ladder is attached to the resulting base. It doesn't have to be brick. It can be metal, concrete or a combination.

Photo report: wooden porch on a metal frame

Theory is only a theory, and in construction too. You always understand the essence of the matter better if you observe the process yourself, because you can see how others are doing and learn something for yourself.

At the request of the parents, an exact copy of the old porch was made. The only difference is that a metal frame is welded for the new one.

A pit 25 cm deep was dug in place of the demolished porch. metal grid with a cell of 10 cm and all this is filled with concrete.

According to the previous dimensions of the porch, a metal frame was welded (from a corner of 70 * 5 mm). Sidewalls are exposed vertically and fixed on hairpins. Further, a base for benches is welded to them. All metal treated with a rust converter, primed and painted twice.

The wood used for construction is dry. Planed boards were cut to size (the width of the porch) and treated with an impregnation for direct contact with the ground.

We lay the dried boards on the frame. You have to drill a hole for each fastener - you just can’t take a corner just like that.

At this stage, two mistakes were made at once. The first is that the sheathing was not started from the sidewalls. Immediately began to lay the steps. As a result, water constantly flows into the joints of the side sheathing and steps and the wood is distorted. It is necessary to start the sheathing from the sides, and make the steps a little longer so that they protrude beyond the side sheathing by at least a couple of centimeters. The second mistake is that the boards on the porch are stacked close to each other. At high humidity they swell and the surface becomes uneven. When laying the porch sheathing, make gaps of at least 5-8 mm.

After all the boards are fixed, they are polished. First with a belt sander with a coarse grain, then with a disc sander with a fine one. The process is lengthy. At the same time, the task is to remove green color impregnation. It does not overlap even with three layers of tinting.

After sanding, we start painting. Apply three times. Each layer after complete drying of the previous one. The resulting color is dark mahogany.

While the paint dries completely, we proceed to the manufacture of benches. We cut boards under them, grind off an oblique chamfer (for beauty), cover with impregnation.

We make the backs with a small decor - rounding along the edges.

We saw along the marked lines with a jigsaw, then grind to a smooth edge.

The sides are covered with plywood, which was painted in the same color. The porch is ready.

Finished wooden porch do it yourself - side view

Do-it-yourself brick-concrete porch: photo

The walls of the landing are preliminarily made of bricks, on top of which a monolithic concrete slab is poured. Along the edge, a frame of corners is monolithic into it - so that the stairs and railings can be welded.

Porch plan: how everything should look

From a corner of 70 * 70 * 5 mm we cut blanks of the desired length. Then we treat them with a rust converter. We start cooking after the reaction has stopped and the metal has dried up.

We welded the first bowstring from metal.

The finished sidewall was attached to the concrete base with two pins.

Fastening to a concrete support support

In the same way, we cook the second bowstring and fix it. When working, make sure that the two bowstrings are in the same plane.

We begin to weld the support bars. It is important to constantly monitor the horizontal position so that the steps are not oblique.

We weld the transverse pieces of the corner to the supporting bars so that we get a shelf.

The corners are welded so that they form a frame. We put a piece of sheet slate in it. We lay out a reinforcing metal mesh on the slate. The edges of the mesh are welded to the frame.

Pour concrete into the prepared steps. We make it high-quality - so that the steps do not wear out longer.

While the concrete is gaining strength, we take on the racks that will support the canopy over the porch. For them, we take a profiled pipe 70 * 40 * 3 mm. From it we cut four columns. Two are slightly longer - they will be near the wall of the house, two are 15 cm shorter - they stand along the outer edge of the porch, creating desired slope- so that the water-snow descend normally. For railings and crossbars, we use a profiled pipe 40 * 40 mm.

All metal is also treated with a rust converter.

First, we set up the racks, grab them, set temporary stops

In order to avoid lateral stresses, it is important to set the racks strictly vertically. We expose them, grab them, in several places with short seams, again we check whether they are standing correctly. We weld temporary stops and only after the next check we weld according to all the rules.

After all the racks are exposed and welded, you can assemble the railing. At the desired height, they are fixed strictly horizontally.

Then we proceed to the installation of the roof. We also cook it from profile pipe 40*40 mm. First, the strapping around the perimeter - at the level of shorter racks, then - the rest of the structure. It is not difficult, but it takes a lot of time - a lot of intersections.

Then it was the turn of the railings and decorations. And again, there are no difficulties, it can be done easily if desired.

Everything, the porch is ready for finishing work. Rough tiles for outdoor use were purchased for the steps and landing. She also trimmed the sidewall of a monolithic slab.

The metal was painted with matching paint, the roof was covered with corrugated board left after the installation of the roof. The do-it-yourself porch turned out to be quite good.

Porch design photo ideas

Porch to wooden bath or dacha - a ladder made of logs

Porch sheathed with WPC - wood-polymer composite

In most existing houses (with the exception of basements and basements), the mark of the clean floor of the lower floor, that is, the zero mark, is located at a distance of at least 40 cm from the ground surface. In order to get into the house, a staircase is required, above which it is logical to equip a canopy or visor to protect the extension and people from rain and snow. All these elements are combined into a single structure - the porch. The easiest way to build a porch for country house wood, but other materials can be used. It doesn’t matter that you decide to buy or build a porch to the house with your own hands, projects, photos will help you choose the right option.

Wooden porch with mini veranda Source cokee.org

The main types of porch structures

Along with its functional purpose, the porch also serves as an additional decoration of the house. As a result, there are a fairly large number of varieties of designs, but basically the division is based on the type of placement of the porch relative to the house - it can be:

built-in; when some part of the house is allocated for its placement in its middle or one of the corners, and the design of the stairs and the platform rests on the common foundation of the house;

speakers; when it is placed outside the perimeter of the outer walls, representing a free-standing extension; such a design rests on its own foundation; in some cases, it can be based on metal or reinforced concrete consoles, specially arranged in the foundation during the construction of the house.

Video description

Examples various options making a porch on video:

What materials can a porch be made of?

Before building a porch in wooden house first of all, you need to decide what it is best to make it from, because the design and material from which the porch is made must correspond to the appearance of the facade of the house. Of course, for wooden house a wooden porch is best suited, but if a brick cladding is used or the plinth is lined with stone, then the appropriate porch is suitable - brick or stone. The most commonly used porch materials are:

reinforced concrete;

brick, cinder block or massive stone blocks;

metal (for the device of load-bearing frames).

Also, combined options are often found. Source houzz.dk

What are the stairs

The porch staircase usually rests on a square or rectangular landing that is flush with the floors of the house. The site can be simple with a minimum area of 2 to 4 m² or expanded and have additional space for placing flowers or creating a small outdoor seating area.

Sometimes, at the level of the top of the basement of a country house, a gallery is arranged, which can adjoin the house from one side or encircle it from several sides. The porch can be part of such a gallery. If the porch has more than three steps, be sure to arrange a railing that goes into the fence of the site.

Porch steps can be adjacent to the site:

on one side (parallel to the facade);

on both sides (perpendicular to the facade);

from three sides (combining the 2 previous options); a special case - semicircular steps and a platform.

Open and closed porch

The porch can be open or closed. Open has only light railings. Closed has protection installed along its entire height from the floor to the visor. It can be made both solid and in the form of glazing. Which of these types is preferable depends on the owner's taste and design project country house.

Closed porch with panoramic windows Source beton-stroyka.ru

On the one hand, the glazed porch provides additional protection from wind, rain, heat loss, protects the structures of steps and platforms from adverse weather conditions, and prevents “uninvited guests” from entering the house. On the other hand, it requires additional costs for glazing, an additional door, and gratings.

In our catalog, you can get acquainted with the most popular companies providing suburban construction and landscaping, among the houses presented at the exhibition Low-rise Country.

When the porch area is extended and it is planned to use it for recreation, glazing will greatly interfere with unity with nature. In this case, it is better to choose an open porch. Also, an open porch sometimes looks preferable to a closed one from an aesthetic point of view, especially if the glazing is made of plastic windows.

Options for building a porch for the house

If the porch is made for a wooden house, then it is logical to use wood as a material. The supporting frame in this case is made of wooden elements, which are suitable for flat square or rectangular bars with a minimum width of 50 mm (50 x 50, 100 x 50, 100 x 100). With a kosour type, three sewn boards, at least 30 mm thick, can be taken as an inclined beam (the total width of the kosour will be about 90 mm).

Rounded logs can be used as stringers and steps Source beton-stroyka.ru

Porch for a log house

If a country house built of chopped logs, its porch can be arranged in the same style. Such a chopped log porch will have log walls and board steps. The thickness of the board for the horizontal part of the step (tread) should, depending on the span (the width of the stairs), be chosen so that it is not unsteady and does not bend under a load of less than 150 kg. This can be checked by placing three fifty-kilogram bags of cement one on top of it in the middle.

The diameter of the logs must correspond to the diameter of the logs from which the house is cut down. The basis for the side walls can be concrete columns buried in the ground below the depth of its freezing and protruding above the surface to a height of 15-20 cm. The length of the logs should match the length of the horizontal projection of the platform and stairs. Logs are stacked one on top of the other to the required height. If the porch is being built at the same time as the house, its ends facing the wall can be cut into it.

Massive porch made of chopped logs on a concrete pad source seattlehelpers.org

Otherwise, they are fastened to the wall and to each other from the inside with the help of corners, brackets, strips, etc. After laying and fixing the logs, stepping back from the wall to the length of the site, they start cutting vertical and horizontal sections from above for future treads and risers of the stairs . It is unlikely that it will be possible to buy such a plan for a porch for a country house made of metal in ready-made. In most cases, this work is done under the order and individually.

Porch for a log bath

If the site has a bath with a floor above the ground, its entrance can also be arranged with a porch. To make such a porch from a bar for a bath would be the best option. From a bar, you can make a frame with rectangular or inclined (kosoura) elements. It is also easy to fold the side walls from the timber and cut out places for step supports in them.

A timber porch is most often done together with a veranda. source seattlehelpers.org

The nuances of arranging stairs

Treads and risers wooden stairs can be fixed on horizontal and vertical frame elements. Such a system most often requires side cladding and protection, as a result of which an internal closed cavity is formed under the steps. It is necessary to provide for the possibility of access to such a cavity for its regular cleaning and inspection of the technical condition of the structures.

Also, steps are installed on special inclined beams - stringers. Stringers can be made both from metal rolled beams - I-beams, channels, and from wood.

Variant with combination of materials Source www.ar.pinterest.com

It is not recommended to use solid beams or logs as stringers. It is better if the stringers are made of 2-3 boards sewn together with screws or nails. This design is more resistant to bending stresses that occur in an inclined beam.

The design of the stairs on the stringers on the one hand rests on a platform with load-bearing horizontal support beams, which must also be metal or wooden. The beams, in turn, rest on the walls.

In the zone of conjugation of stringers and beams, vertical supports are arranged. Such supports must have their own support platforms and can be made of bricks in the form of columns with a cross section of 380 x 380 mm (1.5 bricks) or metal pipes with a diameter of 150-200 mm. On the opposite side of the beam, the platforms are supported on the wall with anchor bolts or brackets. The construction on the stringers is most often made open from below with the absence of a solid sheathing under the steps.

Open staircase on stringers Source forumhouse.ru

Before use, all wooden elements must be impregnated with antiseptics to protect against decay and mold, and also treated with flame retardants for fire safety. Metal parts are treated with anti-corrosion agents and protected with paint coatings, which may include bituminous varnish (black), minium (red-brown) or chromium oxide (green) on natural drying oil.

Video description

A few more options for stairs on the video:

Foundation for stairs or when a porch needs a foundation

The upper side of the ladder adjoins the wall of the house, and the lower side rests on the ground. To prevent damage to materials, depending on the weight of the ladder, its lower part is installed on a support platform or a full-fledged foundation.

Bulk support platform

Lightweight porches in the form of a spatial metal frame made of a rolled corner sheathed with a wooden board can be built according to a foundationless scheme, resting on one side on a system of anchor bolts installed in the wall of the house, and on the other side on a support platform.

To prepare such a platform, it is necessary to dig a pit in the ground at the place of support, with a width corresponding to two widths of the treads of the stairs. Its length must be at least as wide as flight of stairs, and the depth is 20-25 cm from the soil surface.

This pit should be covered with crushed stone in layers no more than 5 cm thick with layer-by-layer tamping. After crushed stone is backfilled, a flat area of asphalt concrete is arranged on top.

Light porch without foundation source seattlehelpers.org

Monolithic support platform

Another way to arrange a porch staircase in a private house, its steps and platforms is to use monolithic reinforced concrete. After the installation of inclined and horizontal beams, the formwork is sequentially placed for each of the steps, starting from the first, and poured with concrete of class B20-B25, (M250-M300). At the same time, stringers can be hidden in the body of concrete.

Reinforcement of the step itself is carried out in the inclined lower part with a mesh with mesh sizes of not more than 12 x 12 cm from rods with a diameter of at least 10 mm. The riser (vertical part) is reinforced with the same mesh. In the upper horizontal part, a mesh with cells of 10 x 10 cm made of reinforcement with a diameter of 6 mm should be installed. A protective layer of concrete, more than 1 cm thick, must be provided between the reinforcement and the outer surface of the product.

Arrangement of a monolithic platform for the porch Source stroy-okey.ru

The fittings are connected to each other exclusively by knitting wire without the use of welding, so as not to break the molecular bonds in the metal.

Separate porch foundation

Brick, cinder block or blocks of wood are also used as a basis for steps. natural stone. Inclined walls are made of brick or stone with supporting horizontal and vertical sections in the upper part, coinciding with the dimensions of the treads (horizontal parts) and risers (vertical parts) of the steps. For such a step device, it is necessary to use strip foundations with the laying of the sole below the depth of soil freezing (1.5-2.0 m). The steps themselves can be made of wood or reinforced concrete.

It is good if the foundation of the porch is carried out simultaneously with the foundation of the house. It is not recommended to rigidly connect the foundation of the protruding porch with the foundation of the house, since with uneven deformations of the soil base due to unequal loads in the steps and the platform, defects in the form of distortions and cracks may appear.

Heavy porch on the foundation Source misterdver.ru

Types and types of visors

Porch visors can vary in several ways:

in geometric form;

by material;

according to the method of fixing on the facade.

Peaks are single-pitched, double-pitched, in the form of a profile, which is the surface of a segment of a ball or ellipse, cut in diameter into 4 parts. Gable canopies triangular or arched in their central part form a small pediment.

It is better to choose a single-pitched visor for a porch with steps perpendicular to the facade, and with steps installed parallel to the facade - a gable one.

According to the coating material, the visors can be:

metal - from roofing galvanized sheet or profiled flooring;

plastic - made of durable plastic different color and profile - smooth, wavy, etc.; plastic can vary in color from transparent to a wide variety of colors, from which it is easy to choose a shade to match the facade of the house;

wavy asbestos slate - conventional or painted with polymer compounds to increase its strength and durability.

Peaks are fixed on the facade with anchor bolts embedded in the wall.

Mounting the visor to the wall - Option 1 Source strojbum.ru

Fixing the canopy to the wall - Option 2 source seattlehelpers.org

External porch canopies are usually supported in the corners adjacent to the facade on metal or wooden triangular brackets, and in the corners far from the facade - on poles, which are wooden, metal or very rarely brick. In addition to supporting supports, they also perform a decorative function, as they can be finished and decorated in a wide variety of ways.

There are porches, in which the ceiling of the above-located balcony, decorated in the same style as the porch, serves as a visor.

Design and original ideas

Wood is a very convenient and easily processed material, therefore it can be used for the most free design solutions for decorating a wooden house. A wooden porch can be decorated with various carved elements of cornices and gables. Wood can be used to make chiseled and carved poles supporting the canopy and balusters (vertical railing posts), as well as the railing itself. An interesting porch for a wooden house will turn out if you use wicker mats made of reeds, vines or wicker. A porch for a country house made of metal is suitable for almost any building, buy in this option both a classic no-frills design option and beautiful products with hand-forged fences with floral or abstract ornaments.

Video description

A selection of beautiful and original solutions on video:

And a few examples in the photo:

Budget, but beautiful and neat porch Source landshaftnik.com

Glazed porch with a small staircase Source ko.decorexpro.com

There are no unnecessary details in this project - simple and tasteful Source pinterest.ru

A beautiful house has a beautiful entrance Source m.yandex.com

Despite the simplicity, to create such a veranda you need an accurate calculation. Source koces.trybahen.ru.net

Option to mask the space under the steps Source olestnicah.ru

Here, the steps and the veranda fit very harmoniously into the overall exterior. Source realestateinsalmon.com

The original solution - instead of the usual steps at the door, a full-fledged open veranda was made in front of the entrance. Source klindeck.ru

You can’t put such a porch in a house on stilts right away - you have to wait for the end of the shrinkage process of the log house. Source idachi.ru

Practical, modern and inexpensive option open veranda protected from the sun Source www.vorota-lepta.ru

Highly beautiful finish porch, plus night illumination of steps Source olestnicah.ru

The original track device for a double-sided porch Source pinterest.com

How to be the porch of your house depends only on your own financial capabilities, taste, ability to listen to the advice of designers, architects and planners. If possible, it is worth trying to model a house with a porch in some kind of computer design program. This approach makes it possible to most consciously choose the appropriate type of porch and the materials from which it will be made.

Any happy owner of a suburban area rejoices at the opportunity to take a break from the bustle of the city in nature. To create comfortable living conditions, you need a beautiful, warm, spacious house, a bathhouse, outbuildings.

Without the construction of a structure, it will not work out. The appearance of the building largely depends on how the entrance group is framed. Consider what the porches of houses can be, what they can be built from, and also we will analyze how to make a porch in the country with your own hands.

Finished building

For almost all buildings, the front door of which rises above the ground, the porch in front of it is a mandatory attribute. It should perform two functions: decorative ̶ to be a decoration of the facade and practical ̶ to ensure comfortable and safe movement, as well as protect the entrance group from the influence of adverse external factors.

Components:

Stairs. This is the main element of the porch structure.

Requirements for stairs and their constituent parts are registered in SNiP 31-02-2001 "Single-apartment residential houses", GOST 8717-2016 "Concrete and reinforced concrete steps", SNiP II-25-80 "Wooden structures", GOST 23120-2016 "Stairs marching platforms and steel fences".

In individual buildings it is allowed to deviate from the current standards. With their device, the owners can focus on their own taste and ease of use for family members and guests.

The parameters of the stair elements, allowing you to move comfortably along it, are as follows:

Ladder width: at least 90 cm.
Step depth: 25-33 cm.
Riser height: 15-20 cm.
The angle of inclination of the stairs should not exceed 45 degrees.

Playground.

The platform must be below the edge front door by 5 cm. Its dimensions for convenient opening of the door: length not less than 1 m, width ̶ one and a half widths of the door leaf.

Canopy or roof.

The canopy must withstand wind and snow loads, protect people and the entrance group from precipitation and the scorching rays of the sun.

Walling.

Fencing must be continuous, equipped with handrails at a height of at least 0.9 m, withstand loads of 0.3 kN / m. When installing baluster racks, it is recommended to leave a distance of no more than 20 cm between them, and in the presence of small children, no more than 15 cm.

There are many manufacturing options, however, a staircase, even if it consists of two or three steps, and a small platform must be present.

The main elements of the porch structure are shown in the photo:

Components

Kinds

Let's take a look at the various options.

Structures can be classified according to the following criteria:

Construction example

According to the foundation. The building can be built on a common foundation with the building or be an extension on a separate one.

Building on a separate foundation

By design form.

There are a huge variety of species: from simple, rectangular or semicircular, to the most complex, sometimes even bizarre shapes.

By operating time. The building can be built for a while, for ease of lifting into a building under construction or as a durable structure.

Temporary facility

Organization of entry in the building of the structure can be made with one or two side lifts.

But the most popular options are with a front entrance to the house.

Straight lift option

According to the degree of protection of the site in front of the door. Buildings can be equipped with sheds, fences, have completely blank or only partially closed walls.

Fully enclosed type

The choice of design is often determined by the material capabilities of the owners, the requirements that apply to the porch structure (provide protection from falls, bad weather, prying eyes).

Open with canopy

The site can be used not only to enter the building, but also to create additional recreation areas. If size allows, the building can be turned into a cozy terrace or veranda for gatherings with family or friends.

Terrace option

Having equipped the terrace with wicker furniture, decorating decorative elements: curtains, flowers, lanterns - you can completely transform the appearance of the building.

Looks like stairs. It can be monolithic or arranged on guides (kosoura and bowstrings).

These elements can be replaced by a frame or a cast structure made of reinforced concrete.

According to the material from which the structure is made.

The construction of the building should be in harmony with the architectural style of the entire building. You can immediately choose the right materials and not use the cladding, or first make the base structure, which is then finished in accordance with the overall design of the facade.

Materials for porch structures

Here are the most used materials for stairs by builders:

Wood. This material is still one of the most popular for summer cottages. Its great advantage is accessibility, aesthetics and the ability to make a porch on your own.

wooden type

Wooden structure, as it should be better fit for a building also built of timber.

Important! Particular attention should be paid to the careful treatment of wood from fire, moisture and insect damage.

Metal. The structure of this material has many significant advantages. Structures made of it are strong, durable, but do not forget about periodic corrosion treatment.

This type can be ordered from the manufacturer, however, if you have an idea about the operation of the welding machine, then it is quite affordable to build a simple structure with your own hands. Without finishing, the metal does not look very attractive.

For cladding, wood, WPC, tiles of various types are often used. Forged elements give a special charm.

metal application

Brick. Another type of material, the use of which will ensure the durability of the extension to the house. In the presence of ideas about brickwork, beautiful brick building it is quite simple to build with your own hands in the country.

Application of brick

The brick structure will look perfect on the facade of a building lined with bricks or blocks. A very interesting option would be to move away from straight lines in the form of steps.

Blocks. Blocks various kinds less commonly used in the construction of porches, but this option also has a right to exist.

application of blocks

The porch, built of blocks (like the whole house), is subject to finishing, due to not too attractive appearance.

Concrete. The concrete structure, made according to the technology, will last a long time. It is durable, safe, weather-resistant. The appearance of such structures, of course, leaves much to be desired, however, when using facing materials, you can get a real work of art.

concrete type

Cladding materials

Facing material serves to give the extension an attractive appearance, and also ensures its durability. It must be durable, unaffected by the weather, safe (non-slip).

As finishing materials you can use: siding, WPC, wood, brick, tiles of various types, panels, natural and artificial stone.

Materials for fences and canopies

Railing. Fences for the porch structure perform a protective and decorative function. They protect people from falling and give attractiveness.

Fences can be screen and lattice. The materials for their device can be: glass, WPC, PVC, metal, polycarbonate, wood, stone.

Roofs and awnings. To ensure a comfortable stay for people in any weather, as well as to protect the entrance group from precipitation and sunlight, visors or roofs are installed above the structure.

Canopies are mounted either directly to the facade or supported by vertical supports. The type of fastening depends on the area and weight of the structure itself and the condition of the building wall (the ability to withstand loads).

The frame of the canopies is usually made of wood or metal, and the canopies themselves can be made of glass, polycarbonate, metal, metal tiles, slate, soft roofing materials.

When arranging a canopy, a drainage system should be provided to protect against excess moisture and provide comfort to people.

Having familiarized ourselves with the possible designs of porches and materials for their manufacture, we will consider options for how to make a building in the country.

Construction

For a more complete acquaintance with how to make an extension of this type to country house suggested video in this article:

So:

Preparatory work. You should start with preparation, which includes: choosing a design (including the type of foundation), taking measurements, selecting materials, making a drawing, clearing the territory.

Sketch example

Purchase of materials.
Foundation device. The foundation can be pile, slab, tape and columnar. When choosing the type and depth, the type of soil, the level of groundwater, and the massiveness of the structure should be taken into account. It should be noted that for concrete structures and brick porches, the foundation must be solid. On top of the finished foundation, you must not forget to lay waterproofing.

Strip foundation

Important! The foundation must not come into contact with the foundation of the house. For insulation, a special layer is used, for example, from mineral wool.

We are building. Consider the most popular options.

wooden porch

Manufacturing instructions:

For work you will need: bars for supports (100x150 mm), logs (their thickness is determined by the size of the platform and the load on it), boards for stringers (50x300 mm) and steps (35-40 mm in thickness), material for flooring the platform, balusters, handrails, fasteners. All wooden details without fail it is necessary to impregnate with fire retardants and antiseptics.
The platform frame is mounted. For this, vertical supports are installed, as shown in the photo. When the supports are immersed in the ground, a pillow of sand and gravel is arranged in dug pits (at least 50 cm deep), then flat stones are laid. Beams are installed according to the level. After that, the remaining space is filled with cement mortar.

Important! The solution must be completely dry.

The height of the vertical beams is leveled. Logs are laid on the supports using a spike / groove connection or special stainless steel brackets.

A ladder is being installed in the country house. Stringers are attached (with pre-cut recesses for treads and risers). The upper end of the stringers is fixed on the beam, the lower end is best attached to the foundation.

Design

Risers and treads are fixed to the stringers with self-tapping screws (you can additionally smear the joints with glue).

With the help of self-tapping screws, the platform flooring is laid.
Railings are being installed. To do this, support poles are mounted in the corners. A bar is stretched between them, to which racks are attached, fixed from above by handrails.

If required, a canopy is installed.

wooden view

concrete type

Building a concrete porch takes a lot of time, so you have to be patient.

For its manufacture, you can use a ready-made solution or prepare a mixture yourself. The problem of how to make a pouring solution with your own hands is not difficult to solve: you will need a concrete mixer, cement grade not lower than M400, river sand, crushed stone and water. The mixture is diluted with water, starting from the ratio: cement (part), sand (2 parts), crushed stone (2 parts).

Formwork installation. This is the most important point in the manufacture of concrete extensions. Used boards, plywood, chipboard, sheet metal or plastic (if you want to make rounded shapes). Formwork elements must be firmly fixed. Wooden elements are recommended to be covered with drying oil to facilitate dismantling.

formwork

Reinforcement. For this, reinforcing bars with a diameter of 10 mm are used, which are connected to each other at a distance of 10-15 cm, or a metal mesh. In order for the reinforcement to be in the "body" of the concrete structure, it should be laid on stands, the role of which can be played by broken bricks. Broken stones and bricks can also be placed inside, they will increase strength and save mortar. If railings are subsequently installed, embedded elements can be installed.

Pouring concrete. The prepared concrete is poured into the formwork. To compact the mixture, it is worth processing with a deep vibrator. The surface is leveled by the rule.

After that, the structure should be covered with a film. Formwork material can be dismantled a week after pouring, all other work must be left until the structure is completely dry (one month).

Concrete view

For finishing a concrete structure, materials are used, which were described above. If planned by the project, fences and a roof are installed.

The article reviewed possible options devices of porches for summer cottages, as well as tips on how to build a porch at the dacha with your own hands.

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To the stigma is a functional element of any household and is its calling card. Such a structure should be located at the entrance to the building and fit into the created exterior of the building. By choosing suitable material, you can build a luxurious porch to the house with your own hands. Projects, photos and design drawings can easily be found in our review. Except practical features, this structure performs a decorative function. At the same time, the canopy and railings are decorated with beautiful carvings and other decorative elements.

In many buildings, the porch is part of the project and fits perfectly into the overall exterior.

The porch in a private house, photos of which can be viewed on the site, is an open area with a staircase in front of the entrance to the house. It can be of any shape, and also made of various materials.

Such a structure can be made in the following variations:

the structure of the attached type is more mobile.

Helpful information! To avoid skewed steps and cracks, a foundation must be installed.

Foundation: construction features for all types of porch

A strong foundation is needed to make a porch to the house with your own hands. Designs, photos and descriptions will help create a quality foundation.

The depth of the foundation for the porch and the house must be the same, otherwise the smaller structure may be displaced. The type of foundation depends on the material of the main structure. If brick or concrete is used, then the base must be reinforced.

Foundation installation begins with markings. Piles are driven into the corners of the resulting rectangle, and then a trench is made along the contour. For a large visor, you will need to install additional supports. Formwork is recommended. For it, boards, or chipboard, are used. It is also important to make waterproofing. In this case, the bottom of the pit is covered with roofing material. For reinforcement, bricks and a special mesh or are used. Then the concrete mixture is poured. Each layer of the solution must be rammed with a shovel.

Helpful information! After pouring, the foundation surface must be leveled and covered with roofing material. To the surface concrete pavement moisture must not get in in case of rain.

Related article:

Do-it-yourself porch to the house: projects, photos of various types of porch

Help to choose best design porch of a private house photos that can be found on the site. In this case, it is worth deciding on the material for the future design. Traditional options include wood, concrete, stone and brick, or metal.

Metal structures: the nuances of the device

Metal products are mounted using electric welding. The design is assembled from standard parts. If desired, you can use forging elements for a metal porch in a private house. The photo will allow you to choose interesting solutions.

Such a design is mounted in several stages:

two channels are laid in parallel at a distance of future steps. Then a corner is cut to the size of the steps;
a part equal to the height between the steps is cut off from the corner. Both elements are welded in the form of the letter G;
L-shaped parts are attached to the channel;
then the channel is connected using corners.

Ready. Steps made of any material are mounted on it. If more than three steps are provided, then railings are mounted. The visor completes the design.

Concrete options: design features

The concrete structure involves the continuation of the foundation in the steps. In this case, reinforcement is used, which will prevent the appearance of cracks. Such a structure requires additional cladding with stone or tiles.

Formwork is made for each step. The finished structure is covered with decorative material.

Helpful information! The space between the foundations of the main structure and the extension is sealed mineral wool which provides better structural stability.

Do-it-yourself wooden porch for a private house: installation features

Do-it-yourself wooden porch to the house is popular. Projects and photos of such structures are diverse. best material considered larch and the rest conifers. For such raw materials, special protective impregnations are required.

Installation of a wooden structure consists of the following steps:

the manufacture of stairs includes the formation of a bowstring. These elements are connected to the base;
installation of the site consists of mounting the shelf boards to the finished base;
steps are being installed. At the same time, steps and risers are attached with the help of self-tapping screws;
the design is carried out with the help of railings and a canopy.

Helpful information! The durability of the structure depends on the correct preparation and processing of wood. The material must be well dried.

Related article:

Porch made of brick or stone

It is very difficult to make brickwork for the porch, since the brick must be laid out perfectly evenly. It is even more difficult to lay a stone porch without certain skills. The chipped edges don't fit together.

To simple options includes the construction of a staircase made of concrete and facing it with stone or brick.

Visor options

An important addition to the extension is the canopy over the porch. The photo on the site allows you to see interesting options for this element.

The visor is created from timber, metal, plexiglass or metal pipes. Wooden structures must be treated with special solutions every 2-3 years so that the wood does not deteriorate.

The visor should at least protrude half a meter beyond the area of \u200b\u200bthe main structure. Piles for the canopy supports are mounted at the stage of creating the foundation. Polycarbonate, plexiglass or tiles can be used as a coating. This element must have a pitched shape.

Helpful information! A wooden structure or metal sheets can be coated with paint in several layers.

Which porch is better: glazed or open?

A closed porch is often used for a private house. Photos of projects can be found on the Internet. Most often, these are transparent structures made of metal and glass. The frame and piles are made of metal. The walls are made of glass. A roof of this design can be combined with a balcony on the second floor.

The glazed version is made with a concrete foundation, a canopy and a staircase. The frame is made with the help of corners. In this case, the corners are attached to the installed piles.

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