Calculation of concrete stairs online calculator with drawings. Programs for the design and calculation of stairs. How to properly measure a wooden structure
Stairs are an important and responsible attribute in every home. They must provide comfort, reliability and safety for every resident. It is desirable that the staircase structure takes up little space in its area. And in order for it to meet all standards, you need to design it correctly.
How to calculate a ladder: the basics
The most common material for the manufacture of stairs is wood. It is considered the "warmest" and pliable material, which should be handled very carefully. The most common types of wood are beech, oak, ash, birch, larch and pine.
To make calculations for any type of stairs, you must first determine three dimensions. First, you need to determine the level of the clean floor and then measure the height of the structure along the wall from it. Secondly, its length should be measured, starting from the wall and ending with the expected completion of the span. And thirdly, you need to find the length flight of stairs by resorting to the Pythagorean theorem. In this case, the lengths of the legs are the found dimensions of the height and length of the stairs; in this case, you need to find the hypotenuse of the resulting right-angled triangle, i.e. march length.
To make it comfortable to walk up the stairs, the depth of the steps should be about 30 cm, and the height - about 16 cm.
Knowing the dimensions of the steps, it is necessary to divide the length of the flight of stairs by these dimensions, and their number will be obtained.
For convenience, you need, the width of which is at least 80-90 cm. If it is intended for household purposes, i.e. leads to the basement, then it is better to make it about 120 cm. If the design is directed towards attic room, then it can be made narrower, about 70-80 cm.
Should be 40-45°. The most comfortable is the ladder design, which is inclined at an angle of 45 °. But due to the fact that it takes up a lot of space, it is rarely used in construction. You can also choose an acute angle of inclination of 30-36 °, especially since such a design will take no more than two meters on the floor. Climbing up this setting will be convenient, and you can only go down backwards due to the steepness of the slope.
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Stair calculation
Would need:
- selected low knotted wood for bowstrings.
Let us consider in more detail how to correctly calculate. Any staircase design consists of marches and platforms. It is important that the width of the platforms is not less than the width of the march. Marches consist of steps and load-bearing beams, which are called bowstrings or stringers. They are made from thick and wide boards, the cross section of which is 80-100x200-250 mm, or they are made from two narrower boards.
Steps consist of treads and risers, the width of which should be correctly calculated. The steepness of the stairs, as well as the convenience of walking along it, is determined precisely by the ratio of their sizes. It is necessary that the person's foot should completely stand on the tread, i.e. this is an average of about 30 cm, and the step length was on average 60-70 cm, which means that the height of the riser is 14-16 cm. In this case, the following formula for calculation applies: the sum of two risers plus the width of the tread is equal to the length of the average step of a person. Given the thickness of the tread of 3 cm, it turns out that one step occupies 30 cm horizontally and 15-18 cm vertically.
The resulting numbers are necessary to calculate the stairs for the house correctly. Let's give an example, if the height between the first and second floors is 3 meters, and one step is 30 cm by 15-18 cm, then you get 17-20 risers. In this case, the last step is the floor on the second floor. Next, you need to divide the height of the ladder structure by an integer in this range. It is better if it is even, and you get the exact height of the step, consisting of the thickness of the tread and the width of the riser. Let's say you need to make 18 steps, then the height of the step will be 300:18 = 16.7 cm. This design should be divided into two flights of stairs and be sure to make it with a turn.
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How to make a turn
In a staircase, a turn can be done in three ways. One of them for spiral staircase, which is one big turn. It is very compact and takes up little space, but has a fairly large steepness. Since in one turn of 360 ° the stairs must rise at least two meters, the span should have from 13 to 15 steps. Due to the design, the width of the tread should be small, so the steps at the spiral staircase are narrow and high. It is best to install it either in the attic or in the utility room.
Marching stairs need to be rotated 90 ° or 180 ° using platforms, or you can use special steps in the form of a trapezoid. A horizontal landing is arranged if the area allows. Such a staircase consists of straight elements and has a classic look. On the site itself, you can make a window, which will add elegance and additional lighting during the day. If this is not possible, then the turn of the ladder structure must be done directly with steps. In this case, in a certain place, maybe not in the middle, you should start installing treads in the form of a trapezoid, which set the turn of the stairs by 15 ° or 30 ° for each step. As a result, they turn it to the desired angle.
During the design of any staircase, it is imperative to take into account many different parameters that affect the integrity of the entire structure. Particular attention in the calculation of such a structure, first of all, should be given to such elements as spans, marches, steps and, of course, fences.
The procedure for planning stairs must completely eliminate even the most minor errors, since this, in consequence, can lead to very serious troubles. At the same time, the most high precision it is very important to observe during the construction metal stairs, since it will be very difficult to adjust its elements to the required dimensions in case of any error in the calculation.
To calculate the metal stairs online, use the appropriate calculator:
Work on the design of such structures is necessary with the calculation of the landing itself. These elements at the stairs are most often performed in rectangular shapes although, of course, there are exceptions. When designing a future staircase, it is very important to rely on its intended angle of inclination, which will help achieve more accurate results. One more pretty important rule when calculating metal stairs, it lies in the fact that the width of the march for such structures must necessarily be similar or slightly less than the width at the platform itself.
The design of stairs with several marches is carried out according to absolutely the same rules, however, taking into account a number of certain nuances. So, for example, the level of the march for such structures must strictly correspond to the height of the steps, and the marches themselves must necessarily look only in the direction of the water.
As for the calculation of completely straight or curved stairs, then, as a rule, slightly different rules apply. The marches themselves for such structures must be located no less than nine to ten steps. In addition, it is also very important to take into account the protective fences and, of course, the supporting structures themselves. Indeed, in addition to the aesthetic component, such a rather important detail of the stairs as the railing also serves as an element of security, which means that their correct calculation is incredibly important.
For the manufacture of stair railings, it is desirable to select materials that have an increased strength index, such as, for example, aluminum or steel. The coatings themselves, in this situation, can be made from plastic or wood.
impossible to imagine without. This design is both functional and decorative. They are mounted screw or march - it does not matter. The main thing is that the staircase fits into and at the same time improves the appearance, while possessing the necessary strength characteristics. Let's talk about types today. staircase structures and figure out how to calculate all the main dimensions. Calculators specially developed by our team will help you calculate the stairs online.
In addition to being organic appearance in the interior, these structures need a margin of safety. Replacing or repairing is a laborious task, which means that even at the stage, you should think through all the nuances.
Important! The design steps are thought out so that they are convenient. Numerous studies have shown that deviations from standard sizes by 2-3 cm drastically reduce the ease of movement along it.
The safety of residents depends on how correctly the installation work is done. This means that you should understand the nuances as carefully as possible, understand how to calculate, determine possible options and only after that stop the choice on one or another form.
Photo examples of various designs: solutions for home craftsmen
Design plays an important role in . You should think through everything to the smallest detail. To do this, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with some examples that will help you make the right decision. For some, samples will become an impetus that will help create an original masterpiece, others will take as an example already turnkey solution.
Amazing, isn't it? At first glance, it seems that one cannot do without a professional designer, but if you dig deeper, it becomes clear that a home master can create such masterpieces without special education. All you need is imagination and courage to implement the most extraordinary ideas. But come up original design- only half the battle. Some of the specifications, which should have . Let's talk about them.
Related article:
In the article, we will consider what designs are, what are the advantages of a metal frame, how to properly illuminate straight and spiral staircases, as well as recommendations from specialists that must be taken into account during installation.
Technical parameters: the optimal angle of inclination of the stairs and the dimensions of the steps
The type of construction is selected depending on the area of location. So if free space for installation has dimensions of 1.5 × 1.5 m or more, then a mid-flight ladder is installed. If you need to place a compact structure, a screw version is suitable.
It is important to know! The screw version fits more neatly into any interior, but has one drawback - the inability to move large-sized furniture and things. This is also taken into account when building a structure.
A slope of 25÷33° is considered convenient for walking, but this is not always possible due to the small space. The limit is a tilt angle of 45°. With a smaller slope, a ramp is mounted, and with a larger one, side or even wall ladders are used. About the dimensions of the steps themselves: according to research, the optimal size is 28÷30 cm wide and 16÷18 cm high. These are not empty numbers for example. This size is convenient for the movement of an adult.
When calculating the steps of the stairs, it is taken into account that the width of the march must be more than a meter. Otherwise, it will be inconvenient to move around on it. The exception is screw structures in rooms where there is not enough space for a full span. Do not forget about. They are required with a flight of stairs of three or more steps.
There are enough varieties of such structures. We note the main ones:
- straight spans;
- two-march;
- three-march;
- screw;
- designs on bowstrings;
- with winder steps (90° or 180° turn).
We will return to the types of structures later. It is worth devoting a separate section of today's article to this. But the materials from which they are made should be considered immediately.
Determination of the main technical parameters of the stairs
Such structures are made not only from or metal. Stone, glass or concrete is often used. However, the most widespread are combined options, including several materials.
Helpful information! Stone or concrete is not suitable for wooden houses due to the large weight. But wooden, metal or glass structures, and especially combined ones, will come in handy. Such designs can decorate any interior.
The only limitation in designing a flight of stairs is the imagination. Bold ideas give amazing results, although fanaticism is useless. As the staircase is being made, new ideas can be born that will add uniqueness to the finished product. Experience here rather harms, imposing certain limits. A home master, without knowing it, can adhere to the line of a previously created design.
To create a drawing, you can refer to the stairs, which are now quite a few on the Internet. However, the most important is the calculation of the dimensions of the steps of the stairs and its steepness. And for this you should consider various options.
Calculation of a wooden staircase: some nuances of calculations
If you make all the calculations yourself, then the dependence of the length of the horizontal projection of the flight of stairs on the height and angle of inclination can be denoted by the formula:
D = H / tgα , where
- D is the length of the horizontal projection;
- H - height;
- α - tilt angle.
However, there is no need to calculate the values manually. This can lead to an error that can become critical when building a structure. We suggest using the online calculator, which has already included all the necessary formulas. The ladder calculation program will eliminate the human factor and protect against errors.
So, how do professionals advise to perform the calculation in XXI century?
Stair design can be done different ways. Each is based on optimal dimensions flight of stairs necessary for comfortable and safe movement.
Naturally, the most comfortable there will be a gentle and not narrow staircase, but, as a rule, practical circumstances dictate restrictions on the choice key parameters which include: view stairs, lifting height, plan area, tilt angle, number of steps, width and height of each.
These indicators interconnected and cannot be determined individually. For example, for a simple single-flight staircase, the height of the rise and the angle of inclination rigidly set the area in the plan, and vice versa, knowledge of the area in the plan and the height will leave no doubt about the magnitude of the angle of inclination of the stairs.
In this article we we will not consider exotic options, like stairs with elements of three-dimensional curvature, but let's focus on the structures familiar and feasible for the home master on stringers and scarves.
Step size
This is perhaps one of the main characteristics of the stairs. It depends on them how comfortable and safe households will be able to go up to the second floor and go down.
Master Novitsky Oleg Vadimovich in the book “Modern stairs. Design, manufacture, installation.» (best wishes to the author and this marvelous work) mentions recommended and repeatedly tested values for lifting ( h) and tread ( a) steps:
h×a = 150×300, 160×300, 170×290 mm.
These sizes are good, but, unfortunately, cannot be used if the house has already been built and the total height of the stairs ( H) is not a multiple of a single step ( h). In this case, we can turn to the calculation formulas.
Widely known convenience formula:
a - h = 12 cm.
According to this ratio, the stairs will be the most convenient.
The ladder is considered safe if the sum of the dimensions ( with) the width of the tread and the height of the riser is equal to 45 cm:
30+15; 27+18; 25+20 .
Accordingly, this equation is called safety formulas :
c = a + h = 45 cm.
The difficulty is that the formulas are applicable in small range sizes and it is not always possible to realize the necessary proportion in practice. In this case, you should “get” into the indicated proportions with a minimum deviation or use the universal Blondel's formula, which takes into account the average step of a person. More on that below.
| Floor height, m | Number of steps n | Step height h, mm | Step width b, mm | Grade h:b |
| 2.25 for basements | 12 | 118 | 260 | 1:1,38 |
| 13 | 173 | 260 | 1:1,50 | |
| 2,50 | 14 | 179 | 260 | 1:1,45 |
| 14 | 179 | 290 | 1:1,62 | |
| 2,75 | 15 | 183 | 260 | 1:1,42 |
| 16 | 172 | 260 | 1:1,51 | |
| 16 | 172 | 290 | 1:1,69 | |
| 3,00 | 17 | 176 | 290 | 1:1,65 |
| 18 | 167 | 290 | 1:1,74 |
note: in single-flight stairs, as well as in one flight of two- and three-flight stairs within the first floor, no more than 18 lifts (steps). Limit height steps - 220 mm ( SNiP 21-01-97).
For simple design wooden stairs on kosoura measure the height between floors(vertical distance from the bottom floor to the top floor).
By the way height between floors- this is the "sickest" size. In houses made of stone, very often there are deviations from the project on 4-5 cm, and wooden ones are subject to shrinkage and shrinkage (up to 15 see per floor). Ideally, you should wait for the complete shrinkage of the log house in a few years.
Also dimensions for calculating the stairs it is better to remove when finishing floors are laid or should be clearly defined horizontal levels heights.
So let height in our case:
Choose riser height:
Dividing the height between floors by the height of the risers, we get required number of steps:
270: 18 = 15 pieces.
To determine the optimal step width, use convenience formula:
a - h \u003d 12, h \u003d 18 cm.
Comfortable tread width:
a = 12 + h = 30 cm.
So it is necessary 15 steps wide 30 cm and a length depending on the width of the opening in interfloor overlap. Checking the stairs safety formula:
a + h = 46 + 3 cm
In this case:
18 + 30 = 48 cm.
Stairs safe and convenient to operate.
This example of calculations is given by Stolyarov A.N. in the book " We build stairs».
French architect and engineer still in the distant 1672 suggested the following relation:
Where S is the average step of a person who is within 600-640 mm.
Can be converted to inequality:
lower practical result would be minimum lift steps:
h = 120 mm, a = 400 mm, slope 17 degrees.
With a smaller angle, it is no longer a staircase, but a ramp (ramp) - a gentle inclined platform.
Upper step rise:
h = 220 mm, a = 200 mm, slope 48 degrees.
At the upper limit of the formula, we get not the most comfortable ladder, usable only when moving facing the steps.
Going down the ladder is more dangerous than going up, hence ease of use evaluate on the move down. An example of the master's thoughts according to Blondel's formula:
We measure the height between floors:
H = 3050 mm.
Determine the rise of the steps h by dividing H for the possible number of lifts ( n). Value options:
With 17 lifts: h = H / n = 3050 / 17 = 179.4 mm.
At 18: h \u003d H / n \u003d 3050/18 \u003d 169.4 mm.
At 19: h = H / n = 3050/19 = 160.5 mm.
A = 5000 mm.
The length of the travel line should not be less than the height between floors ( H), otherwise the stairs will be impractically steep. In our example:
A (5000) > H (3050).
At n = 18 tread a = 5000 / (n - 1) = 294 mm.
The actual number of steps on 1 less than the calculated value. This fact is easy to accept if the first step is considered at the floor level.
Step parameter according to Blondel:
169 × 2 + 294 = 632 mm.
Hence, size is acceptable, is organic and lies within the average human step. We determined the width of the tread and the height of the riser for easy movement, but this is not enough to build a comfortable and safe staircase.
Line of march and middle line of march
travel line (A) is a horizontal projection of the imaginary movement of a person along the steps. Passes in the distance 300-500 mm from the inner edge of the stairs. This average size determines handrail comfort. The children will go closer to the railing, adults - farther.
Sometimes for direct march, this size is neglected, since the edges of the steps are parallel.
If the width of the stairs is up to 1000 mm, then the line of motion will coincide with the middle line of the march. If more 1000 mm, then the travel line is shifted to the handrail. The calculation algorithm is as follows:
With chalk or a plumb line draw the intended line on the floor(or lines) of the course. Fix the size with a tape measure and correlate it with the height of the stairs. It's great if the line of motion more than the height in 1,7 times - then the slope will be 30 °.
All received indicators of the size of the tread calculate using Blondel's formula to determine the optimal one.
The relative value of the rise of the march (angle of rise)
In construction practice, the angle of elevation, as a rule, is in the range from 20 before 50 degrees, but stairs with an angle from 30 before 45 degrees.
Dependency table step sizes from the angle of inclination:
Choice tilt angle causes a margin of distance (critical height) of at least 2000 mm from any step to the ceiling or any protruding element of the building (beams, parapet):
critical height convenient to check by drawing the calculated steps on any sheet material or directly on the wall. As design practice shows, very often a line drawn from a ceiling or a dangerous ledge will be less than the desired value.
It is for this reason that it is not possible to design a staircase that is gentle enough. With an increase in the angle of inclination, comfort decreases, therefore, with a low average height of all households, sometimes this size is still underestimated.
In the already mentioned work of Novitsky O.V. "Modern stairs. Design, manufacture, installation.» a real practical case is considered, in which even 6 options for the location of the stairs in the room.
In any case, the final result is usually golden mean between many conflicting arguments.
March width
March width is determined by the capacity of the stairs (the number of people per minute at the narrowest point) and assumes the comfortable movement of an adult.
For intra-apartment flights of stairs, building codes determine this value (the size from the wall to the railing or between two railings on the left and right side) at least in 900 mm, in luxury homes 1250-1600 mm.
Provided width exceptions flight of stairs ( 0,8 m) some types of stairs (for example, in garden houses), but when designing a staircase, this size should be guided only in conditions of a severe lack of free space in the room.
Width less than 0.8m can afford auxiliary structures, for example, stairs to the basement or to the attic.
Standard elements
Every good owner knows how to count money. Building stairs is no exception. Can good to save if the details of the stairs at the design stage turn out fit to standard blanks accepted on the territory RF.
Economic Considerations can become the key argument that will allow the owner to choose the only option for the location of the stairs from several possible ones.
1. Standards on the steps.
Available with fillet R12.5. invitations steps:
| № | Size, mm |
| 1 | H 220×400×1200, R200 |
| 2 | H220×400×1400, R200 |
Winder triangular a step of a non-standard size to order is calculated as a rectangular one (the necessary one is simply cut out of it). That's why it is advisable to order rectangular. The cost is identical, and trimmings will come in handy in the work.
Large steps can be made from furniture board sizes:
| № | Size (H×W×D), mm |
| 1 | 38×400×2000 |
| 2 | 38×500×1500 |
| 3 | 38×500×2000 |
| 4 | 38×700×1500 |
| 5 | 38×1000×1000 |
| 6 | 38×1100×1100 |
| 7 | 38×1200×1200 |
2. Riser.
| № | Size (H×W×D), mm |
| 1 | 18×180×900 |
| 2 | 18×180×1000 |
| 3 | 18×180×1100 |
| 4 | 18×180×1200 |
| 5 | 18×180×1300 |
| 6 | 18×180×1400 |
| 7 | 18×120×900 |
| 8 | 18×120×1000 |
| 9 | 18×120×1100 |
| 10 | 18×120×1200 |
| 11 | 18×120×1300 |
| 12 | 18×120×1400 |
3. Facing board.
| № | Size (H×W×D), mm |
| 1 | 18×200×2000 |
| 2 | 18×300×2000 |
| 3 | 18×350×1000 |
| 4 | 18×350×1500 |
| 5 | 18×350×2000 |
| 6 | 18×350×2500 |
| 7 | 18×350×3000 |
| 8 | 18×350×3500 |
4. Beam.
| № | Size (H×W×D), mm |
| 1 | 80×80×1200 |
| 2 | 80×80×2000 |
| 3 | 80×80×2500 |
| 4 | 80×80×3000 |
| 5 | 100×100×1200 |
| 6 | 100×100×2000 |
| 7 | 100×100×2500 |
| 8 | 100×100×3000 |
5. Bowstrings.
| № | Size (H×W×D), mm |
| 1 | 40×350×2500 |
| 2 | 40×350×3000 |
| 3 | 40×350×3500 |
| 4 | 40×400×4000 |
| 5 | 50×300×3500 |
| 6 | 50×350×3500 |
| 7 | 50×400×4500 |
6. Handrails.
The length of the handrails can vary from 3500 before 6000 mm. And here are the dimensions sections constant:
| № | Section (W×H), mm |
| 1 | 40×70 |
| 2 | 45×70 |
| 3 | 45×80 |
| 4 | 45×90 |
| 5 | 60×60 |
| 6 | 70×70 |
| 7 | 70×90 |
| 8 | 80×100 |
7. Balusters.
Diameter round balusters - 30 or 47 mm. Length all varieties up to 900 mm. Sections square items:
| № | Section (W×H), mm |
| 1 | 40×40 |
| 2 | 45×45 |
| 3 | 50×50 |
| 4 | 60×60 |
| 6 | 70×70 |
| 7 | 80×80 |
| № | Diameter, mm |
| 1 | 75 |
| 2 | 95 |
| 3 | 115 |
| 4 | 140 |
| 5 | 145 |
More at the stage of calculations you should familiarize yourself with the price list of the nearest supplier within walking distance.
So, it is not the gods who burn the pots. We hope we succeeded dispel the myth that the design and construction of stairs is available only to the elite. Read articles, literature, which we referred to in this text, take measurements, sketches and drawings.
Task in dry matter looks simple: based on the layout of the house, the location of the stairs, the aesthetic preferences of the owners, you need perform parameter calculations given in the article. It remains only to organically fit the indicators into the norms of comfortable and safe movement on country house or multi-level apartment.
We wish you comfort and goodness in your home.
The staircase is an important, practical element that allows you to move freely between the levels of the building. The comfort of the walker depends on the slope, height, length of the stairs and the parameters of the steps. Incorrectly designed ladders can lead to severe injuries and bruises. Therefore, modeling stairs should include First stage performing precise calculations. How to calculate the parameters of the stairs yourself - read the article.
Whether it is a staircase in an entrance or a private house, the health of the walker depends on its safety and comfort. For example, on stairs that are too steep and steps that are not wide, you can slip, and if the riser is not high enough, it is easy to catch your shoes on the step and lose balance.
For independent calculations, today, use formulas, computer programs, online calculators. For any calculation of the parameters of stairs, one should be guided by GOSTs, “Construction Standards and Norms”, which indicate the optimal values \u200b\u200bfor the construction of a convenient and reliable structure of any type, the possibility of installing additional equipment, shields on spans.
How to calculate the stairs in a private house
If the house is under renovation, you should take into account how the dimensions of the room will change after completion repair work. As an example, ceiling and floor finishes can affect the distance between floors. In addition, when calculating, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the ceiling. If this is not done, then the last step can create an overlap that is too small or, conversely, too high a riser, which will lead to knocking during the step, slipping of the leading foot and, accordingly, injuries. In addition, the expected height of the clearance should be taken into account: insufficient height will force the walker to bend down during the ascent and descent of the stairs, creating discomfort.
An example of calculating the length of the stairs, the height and width of the steps
The initial stage of the calculation includes the calculation of the number of steps. To do this, they take (the distance between the tiers of the clean floor of two floors) and divide it by the chosen one from optimal values riser height - from 12 to 20 cm The resulting rounded value will be equal to the number of steps in the march.
In one staircase there should not be less than three and more than eighteen steps.
Knowing the height of the step, you can determine its width. To calculate the value, the following example should be used: x \u003d 47 - y, where x is the width of the step, and y is the height.
The width of the treads in curved stairs, in the narrowest part, should not be less than 140 mm
According to the number of steps, a graphical projection of the horizontal length of the stairs is constructed.
In order to calculate the length of the march, you must:
- Square the projection of the length of the stairs and add to it the distance between the floor levels;
- Take the square root of the resulting value.
When making calculations for a staircase with a platform, it should be taken into account that the length of the platform must be more than 14 cm, and the width must be equal to the width of the march.
The formula for calculating the stairs: determine the angle of inclination
You can calculate the optimal angle of curvature of the stairs using the formula: 2c + d = 580/660, where c is the height and d is the step width. When calculating the curvature of stairs with steps less than 14 cm high, the formula is suitable: c + d.
The angle of curvature for specific marches is calculated taking into account the number and height of the steps.
A spiral staircase is an ergonomic and practical way to move from floor to floor. In addition, this design can act as decorative element for high-tech interiors, loft and minimalism.
In order to calculate the diameter of a spiral staircase, it is necessary to multiply the width of the march by two and add the resulting value to the diameter of the base. To calculate the radius of the rise, divide the width of the march by two and add the radius of the support to the resulting value.
In order for the stairs to be comfortable, its width should not be less than 800 mm: this will allow two people to move comfortably along the steps.
The number and height of steps for a spiral staircase is calculated taking into account that one turn of the structure ensures comfortable movement of a sufficiently tall person (the number of steps in a turn is equal to the length of the movement path divided by the width of the step).
To calculate the height of the riser, you need to add to the average height of an adult (1 m 80 cm) the average tread depth (20 cm) and divide the resulting value by the number of steps in one turn. The resulting value must be divided by the height of the stairs. This value will be equal to the number of steps in the spiral staircase.
What you need in order to calculate the stairs to the second floor
Both a curved (spiral, corner, etc.) staircase made of metal, and a straight (marching) staircase made of solid wood can lead to the second floor. Most often, stairs with turns are used for cottages and private houses. The main advantage of such structures is space saving.
To calculate the interfloor stairs, you need to know the following values:
- Height and length of the ceiling opening;
- The width of the stairs;
- Total number of steps;
- Number of rotary and lower steps;
- Desired step configuration;
- The location of the front door.
In addition, it will be necessary to determine the position of the upper step in relation to the second floor (below or flush with the floor).
Stair Calculator
The calculator is a program that allows you to calculate the most important quantities for designing a comfortable and safe staircase.
Today, many sites related to construction offer their versions of the online calculator, each of which has features that, first of all, relate to the interface and the way the result is displayed. For example, some calculators, after making calculations, provide a ready-made ladder diagram indicating all the necessary values. Such a drawing can be easily saved to a computer and printed. There are also online programs that allow you to calculate the cost of cleaning stairs (washing steps, supports) in residential and commercial premises depending on their settings. You can use the programs on devices with android, ios, windows platforms.
How the ladder calculator works online
Using the online calculator is quite simple: to make accurate calculations, you must select desired view stairs (straight, U-shaped, L-shaped, etc.) and enter the initial characteristics of the room.
For the calculation, you will need to specify the following mandatory parameters:
- opening height and length;
- Number of steps;
- Desired step configuration (tread width, overhang size, riser height).
In addition, depending on the selected type of stairs, you may need to enter additional data. For example, for a spiral staircase, you will have to indicate the angle of rotation, the outer and inner diameter of the stairs, and for a design with a 180 degree turn, the width of the stairs, the total and the number of lower steps. Some calculators are able to calculate quantities taking into account the characteristics various materials(wood, stone, reinforced concrete, etc.). For example, Zhitov's construction calculator.
Most calculators online have visual cues that indicate the quantities to be entered.
Stair calculation: 3D modeling software
Technical developments do not stand still: today we have the opportunity to get 2 and 3D models of any object.
The computer method makes it possible to obtain an accurate two- or three-dimensional model of the future staircase, indicate the methods of installing the staircase (SNIP system, welding, etc.), suitable for recalculating estimates, and allowing you to understand how the staircase will look in the interior. The calculation methodology of all programs is based on compliance with GOST and standards.
The programs differ in the interface language, the availability of tools for entering data and the components of the stairs (some programs may include in the model the type of riser, stringer, bowstring, railing, support pillars, etc.), the ability to model stairs made of various materials (wood, stone, reinforced concrete, etc.).
Some services provide online modeling capabilities: for example, Lesenka.ru.
Stair calculation (video)
Stair design is important for any building, both residential and commercial. The comfort and safety of its operation depend on the material of the stairs, the length of the flight of stairs, the size of the steps. The size of the steps, the length and degree of the stairs are affected by the dimensions of the room, the design of the stairs. Correctly make calculations with your own hands, today, absolutely everyone can. To do this, you can use computer programs, Internet resources, building formulas. Either method will give accurate data. You just have to choose the most convenient! And the “Table of Recommended Parameters” will help you compare the obtained values with the optimal ones and, if necessary, correct the calculations.