The cost of a gas boiler for an apartment building. Own boiler room: good or evil Boiler house on the roof of a multi-storey building cons

15.05.2020

Rooftop boiler house, its maintenance and use can be beaten either in block-modular execution, or if its construction was negotiated even before the construction of the house itself - this brand is called "built-in". But in most cases, this structure is a set of blocks-devices that are assembled in a factory environment, brought to a multi-storey building and assembled on the spot.

Photos of completed objects

Gas-piston boiler houses
Combined boiler rooms

Advantages of this installation on the roof of a building

Assembling a rooftop boiler house - extracting an integral autonomous thermal station. Which has many advantages:

No need to sign contracts with multiple institutions and pay them for those. maintenance of equipment on the roof of the house;
Reduction of heat losses, which nevertheless take place if the object is installed at a distance from the heated structure. The heating lines through which the coolant is supplied to the dwelling are improved, which means their efficiency is much higher;
Payments for heat supply are reduced to the lowest mark, also because this installation in a high-rise building works automatically and does not prescribe the constant presence of service workers;
It is possible to open the OP and close it at a time when it is comfortable for residents. In case of early cold weather, it is possible to turn on the boiler room of a residential building much earlier than planned;

Calculate the cost of work for you

Statement of these objects

This entity is an autonomous structure that provides heating and hot water supply in residential and industrial premises.

The standards for planning, setting up and using this equipment are written in SNiP according to roof installations. Additions and changes that are associated with the assembly and release of more high-tech equipment are indicated in certificates and documentation.

Types of aggregate data

There are two types of this equipment - built-in and block-modular type. Let's take it in order:

Installations built into the roof are used in new buildings. This unit is placed only in a house under construction or a building in which there is a place for the location of a heating plant. For built-in units, it is required to calculate the additional power on the walls apartment building, to form a fire extinguishing module.

The main advantage of the equipment is the ease of formation and implementation of the plan. Together with the assembly, work is carried out on the layout of noise-absorbing coatings and vibration protection.

Block-modular unit

For the installation of a roof boiler room, a block-modular type is used. This is a more common variation of the production - during the overhaul. This unit is installed in case of modernization of the heating configuration. The plan is formed on the basis of the characteristics of the structure. Then the device is created and brought to the desired building.

Before installing, perform a roof check:

Verify the condition of the supporting structures;
Lay the safety cover at the assembly point. Behind it is a pillow of concrete;
Produce the installation of a noise-absorbing product;

Having completed the development, they connect the equipment to the heating network. It is adjusted, a heat carrier is placed. Having connected to the heating, they begin to use.

Equipment erection points on the roof

This, of course, is the formation of the project and the setting - the two main procedures in the construction of these units. In order to avoid all sorts of errors that lead to malfunctions, as well as the possible change of most of the equipment, you should contact the design and assembly company. Therefore, the technical requirements, the subscriber will be offered a large number of services, as well as proper engineering planning. In addition, specialized employees will help you choose the best modification of the unit, choose the right equipment, thus exactly satisfying the wishes of the client. In addition, there will be correct installation, in strict accordance with all standards and regulations.

The cost of the roof boiler house of a residential building

What are the points to pay special attention to?

Before assembling the equipment, it should be taken into account that it forms a load on the structure.

Based on this, it is prescribed to comply with the rules and regulations:

It is not allowed to place the installation above floor slabs above inhabited rooms;
It is not allowed to place equipment in a room that is close to residential;
When planning, the dimensions of the building in which the unit will be placed are strictly observed;
When planning, an emergency shutdown structure is formed;

Some disadvantages

Roof boiler installation can be installed on residential buildings no higher than 9 floors;
Strong fluctuations in the action of the pumps of the structure, cause inconvenience to people on the upper floors;
High price category of equipment;

Rooftop boilers are designed specifically so that their design can be done on the roofs apartment buildings. It can also be installed on separate structures that are installed on special grounds.

Rice. one

Rooftop gas boilers on houses are installed in places where the design and compliance with the norms of a centralized gas pipeline is, in principle, impossible. If buildings in large cities with reconstruction and infill construction are located in the city center, then the norm for the construction of elite complexes is the design of roof boilers. And all due to the fact that the area is small and, accordingly, the price rate when buying land is very high, so it is impossible to install stationary centralized heating systems.

Rice. 2

Roof boilers can be installed during the reconstruction of apartment buildings, and when designing new tall buildings.

Building design is possible in two versions:

The first option is the so-called frame structure, which is arranged in blocks. For this option, it is necessary to erect a special building. Design of rooftop units in such kind of fit for multi-apartment buildings.
The second option for designing boiler rooms is roof gas boiler rooms with block modules. Sandwich panels are used for their design and construction.
Rooftop boilers have 2 types of boiler applications: steam boilers and water heating equipment.

Rice. 3

Norms, design and requirements for the operation of boiler rooms

Rooftop boilers for apartment buildings are a modern solution to the problem of designing autonomous heating without connecting to a centralized gas main. After all modern building buildings sometimes requires such standards that cannot be implemented. Heat losses, thanks to this heating design for apartment buildings, are low, so installing a rooftop boiler is even the norm for an economical option.

The popularity of roof gas boilers is growing every day, since thanks to such a heating design, land allocation costs will disappear, there will be no need to design a heating main. And even the temperature can be set more accurately.

What other advantages does the design of rooftop boilers have? Are there any cons to using for apartment buildings? Are there any safety regulations that must be observed when designing boiler rooms on rooftops?

The requirements and norms regarding the design and installation of this structure are not at all significant, but still, they exist. Since security is the main thing in our world, and first of all it is necessary to take care of it.

Rice. 4

So what are the norms, precautions and operation that need to be taken in order for the rooftop boiler to work for a long time and well?

It is necessary to check the supply and exhaust valves, as thanks to them the boiler room is ventilated.
It is necessary to install sensors, the design of which controls the process of work gas device and which work directly in the lightest fires. These are necessary in order to prevent a fire or explosion. It is desirable that when designing roof installations A function has been installed that automatically extinguishes the first signs of a fire.
It is also necessary to install a gas barrier flange that is able to shut down the entire system at the first sign of a fire.
On the roofs of multi-storey buildings, it is imperative to install an alarm system that displays and transmits light and sound signals in case of fire.
Height chimney should be much higher than the height of the roof boiler. The minimum difference is 2 m. Each gas boiler in the house must have a separate chimney, but it is imperative that they are of the same height. What will be the distance between them - it does not matter.
Rooftop gas units must operate on separate electricity, that is, have a separate power line. The voltage in the house can be different, so you should not take risks with electricity, because due to a power failure in the house, problems may arise in the operation of the entire heating system. A diesel generator may be suitable as an autonomous power source.
It is impossible to install this equipment immediately above apartments in houses. The presence of a technical floor is a prerequisite for installing a rooftop boiler room. The floor on which the roof gas units will stand must be made of reinforced concrete slabs.
Do not forget that this heating equipment emits a lot of noise, therefore, in order to be able to install rooftop boilers in multi-storey buildings, special requirements must be met in accordance with sound insulation standards in rooms.
The boiler room should have windows and doors that lead directly to the roof. A separate elevator is mandatory as it will only be used for firefighters. It is also necessary to design a service exit. The boiler room must be illuminated in accordance with the standards (0.03 sq. m / 1 m³).
You should also not forget about the service personnel - there should be a separate safe exit for them when designing.

Rice. 5

After designing and installing a gas rooftop boiler, you need to look after it, that is, do service maintenance. Maintenance staff can handle it too. But also do not forget about the representatives of the gas service. They should definitely check this equipment at least once a year.

Advantages and disadvantages of this equipment for heating apartment buildings

When considering all the shortcomings and advantages of this unit, you can see that, of course, there are more advantages. Construction companies choose roof units for their installation in apartment buildings. And all because it is both economical and reasonable, and they work in accordance with all established standards. This is especially convenient when either there is no centralized gas pipeline, or it is abandoned during construction.

And so, the main advantages of this equipment:

Roof units can do without a separate place for themselves. That is, it is not necessary for them to install an additional building. For work gas equipment in a multi-storey building, a roof is also suitable. The frame or water manifold may be located away from the design of the roof boiler room (attic, basement).
Heat losses are very low during the operation of these units. There is no longer a need to install heating mains, and thanks to this, much less money will be spent on equipment maintenance.
Expenses are also reduced for joining centralized communications. And everyone knows that for this you need to pay a tidy sum in our time.
The design of rooftop boilers has no more requirements. Forced ventilation and arrangement of chimneys is not required. SNiP makes it possible for such huge equipment to heat buildings up to 30 m high.
When designing these equipments in apartment buildings, all norms will be observed and, according to SNiP, the system can be fully automated. The operator will be hired not even for a whole working day, but only for a couple of hours. Thanks to SNiP, the norms for designing rooftop boilers will make it possible to install sensors on them that will monitor the temperature outside and turn on the desired level of heating themselves.
It is also good that people will no longer have to adapt to the norms established in the country (there is no heating in summer). The unit, if necessary, can work in the summer. Who can service the rooftop boiler room? Yes, a simple staff who looks after her year-round. You don't even need to call the experts. This equipment is easy to operate.

If the equipment is designed according to SNiP, then in no case should it heat additional buildings. Since SNiP states that the power of the equipment should be exactly as much as is needed to design and heat the whole building.

Rice. 6

The pros and cons of a roof boiler are already clear. Now it's worth talking a little about the cons. Deficiencies in SNiP and design standards are associated with the requirements that were in the design of the building itself, where the equipment will be installed.

Introduction of new standards in the construction of lifting systems, as well as design according to SNiP and installation of a heating system.
If the weight of the equipment in the documents is limited, then the rooftop boiler room will not be able to exceed the weight specified in the SNiP. And, accordingly, the installation will fail.
For this equipment, it is necessary to install complex automatic systems. This is also stated in SNiP.
It is necessary to comply with all norms after designing work with such gas equipment.
And it will not be superfluous to install fireproof systems in roof boiler rooms, which are made in accordance with all standards and are described in SNiP.

How to calculate the power of this equipment

Even during the design, building codes and SNIP warn that the power of roof boiler houses on houses should be exactly the same as that which can heat one building. The Snipe also says that it is forbidden for equipment to exceed the power required for the consumption of a multi-storey building. All standards are specified during the design. The calculation and norms according to SNP should be carried out based on the maximum value of the coolant flow rate.

If it is necessary to use the heating element of the roof boiler house on the roof of the house in order to heat the adjacent ones, then only in this case it is possible not to adhere to the norms and Snip, but to slightly increase the performance of the unit. The maximum that can be is 100% of all electricity in the main building.

Rice. 7

If suddenly in the future it is planned to design according to all heating standards for adjacent buildings, then a rooftop boiler house, which is called a block-modular one, for a multi-storey building is simply the best option for design. The block-modular system can be rebuilt for any desired needs.

Installing roof boilers on houses is a very successful business that is becoming more and more popular. The design of this equipment is quite a profitable solution. Although such units on houses appeared on the territory of the Russian Federation and other CIS countries relatively recently, they have already managed to win a good reputation. Due to the fact that the equipment is located on the roof of the house, the apartments are heated more smoothly.

What problems do residents of an apartment building often face? winter period? First of all, this is a poor-quality heat supply. It also saddens the hopelessness while waiting for the heating systems to start turning on. A gas boiler for an apartment building will help maintain a constant temperature in each apartment and save on service charges.

Residents are forced to freeze from the cold until the start of the heating season. The need to monthly pay a round sum to pay for heating finishes off the most persistent.

Installing a gas boiler on the roof will solve heating problems once and for all. The main obstacles to solving the issue of installing a gas boiler are related to obtaining permits from the administration and acquiring suitable equipment.

Usually, an autonomous gas boiler room is equipped in apartment buildings in separate rooms. For these purposes, separate rooms on the roof are suitable.

They contain everything necessary equipment for continuous operation of the heating system. The capacity of the installed equipment should be enough to heat the radiators and heat the water in the apartments of the whole house.

The first appearance of rooftop boiler houses in Russia in the 90s is connected with the desire of investors-developers. They wanted to install high-quality and uninterrupted heat supply in the houses under construction. Centralized systems could not meet the overestimated requirements

Such mini-boiler rooms are equipped with a variety of modern appliances and a variety of fixtures. Autonomous systems use the most modern heating technologies. This allows you to use one boiler house even for several houses, which increases the profitability for residents several times.

There are several factors that determine the benefits of installing a rooftop gas boiler in apartment buildings.

First of all, this is a significant reduction in the distance from the heat generator to radiators and pipes in apartments. Due to this, heat losses during the circulation of water in the system are reduced. Approximate calculations show that the owners pay for heating an amount 30% higher than the actual cost due to heat losses.

Residents who once installed a gas boiler in the basement or on the roof of a multi-storey building note a real reduction in payment costs utilities. Also, they are much less likely to face the need for frequent maintenance of systems: their repair, installation and reconstruction. Modern communications are of high quality and durability.

Due to the shortening of the path that water must pass from the central energy carrier, the heating rate of the system increases. Also, on average, the temperature of the batteries increases and hot water. Although this is more regulated by the setting of the gas boiler.

Roof boilers are very popular due to the fact that there is almost always no place for the construction of a ground structure near apartment buildings. The location of the boiler rooms at the bottom of the house creates an additional hydraulic load

If we compare central system heating with autonomous, then the second option wins in many respects. This is both efficiency and the rate of heating water in the system.

Besides central heating turn on only when certain temperatures are reached. However, the cold weather may continue long time until it reaches the required minimum. And the residents are forced to endure the cold and suffer.

With an autonomous system, it becomes possible to maintain the desired level of heat all year round and not depend on utilities. Thermostats are usually installed on radiators and circuits, allowing you to change the temperature depending on the needs of users. Sometimes setting comfortable temperature allows for additional savings.

Disadvantages of modern heating systems

As with any heating system, autonomous heating has its drawbacks. Although there are much fewer of them in comparison with the centralized one. Due to the fact that gas autonomous boiler houses are not very common, it is quite problematic to get reliable equipment and all the nodes adjacent to it.

Therefore, the elements of the boiler room will cost customers a round sum. Despite the high level of comfort that the systems in question provide, not all developers are willing to pay big money for it.

In the event of an emergency, the entire heating system is completely out of order. Above the heads of people is up to five cubic meters of boiling water. If the pipes burst, the water will go down. Therefore, there are so many requirements for gas equipment

In addition, gas boilers must be placed in separate rooms or buildings. To do this, you need to allocate an area near the house, bring the roof to the required technical conditions, or install a block structure on the roof. All of these solutions require an infusion of additional resources either from the developer or from the general fund created by the residents.

Systems gas heating allocate in environment degradation products that pollute it. Therefore, when installing boiler rooms, it is necessary to provide for the installation of filtration systems. Cleaning devices must perform their functions sufficiently so that the norms of SNiP are observed. This further increases the cost of purchasing equipment.

When building a new house, the developer has a choice: to make an autonomous heating system or connect to the central highway. To crash into the highway, you need to obtain a number of permits. Often the solution to the problem requires a round sum of money. In addition, it will take more than one month to wait for the papers to pass checks in all instances.

The high cost of work on connection to existing networks, the difficulties in coordinating this procedure, as well as the presence of many obstacles that prevent the fast and efficient implementation of heat networks, reduce the attractiveness of autonomous systems for the developer.

Often the installation of gas boilers on the upper building envelope entails the need to strengthen the ceiling. The total load generated heating system can reach 15 tons. You can avoid such values by installing flow equipment instead of capacitive

The installation of autonomous heating is also associated with a number of bureaucratic procedures. Both the initial implementation of systems and the reconstruction with redevelopment have their own characteristics. This is mainly due to the fact that you are going to use gas as a heating resource. All work with gas is strictly regulated by law.

Modern engineering developments effectively deal with a number of shortcomings. If you need to heat just one house, an excellent option would be to place a block boiler room in the attic of the house. The attic becomes heated, and the tenants of the last floor do not experience discomfort.

Such structures are developed in detail by engineers, are lightweight and are installed on bearing walls. For such options, a flat roof option is required. This subtlety is usually taken into account at the design stage. Designers carry out calculations and determine in advance a place for a boiler room on the roof of the house.

The law establishes a limit on the power of equipment on the roofs of houses at 3 MW. Some regions have a limit of 5 MW. If this power is not enough to fully heat the entire house, then additional permits must be requested.

However, despite all the shortcomings, in the end, the residents of the house will significantly improve their living conditions and get rid of discomfort. In addition to all the obvious advantages, autonomous systems have an increased level of security.

The new systems are equipped with alarms for threats and accidents. A variety of tracks a variety of indicators. In the event of a breakdown, the backup boiler and additional pumps are activated.

Classification and features of rooftop boilers

If we talk about heating one particular house, then one of the best options the location of the boiler house with a decentralized system is flat roof. The text of the SNiP describes in detail all the permitted types of boiler houses. In technical documents, special attention is paid to the requirements for heating equipment intended for floor installation.

The operation and installation of heating systems is negotiated separately for two types of structures: built-in and block-modular. Separate requirements, specifications and limitations apply to each option. Also, these two types of boiler houses have their own characteristics: advantages and disadvantages.

According to the rules, it is unacceptable to install heating equipment directly above residential premises. This means that a technical floor should be provided in an apartment building.

Speaking about the advantages of installing an autonomous boiler room on the roof, the following should be highlighted:

There is no need to purchase a plot for a boiler room near the house;
There are no difficulties associated with the calculation of the structure and the conduct of chimneys;
The task is greatly facilitated;
Rooftop boilers have no restrictions on the type of fuel, and the use of gas is one of the most profitable options.

The combination of advantages of installing the considered structure on roofs determines the high frequency of using this solution when planning autonomous heating.

Mounting a boiler room on the roof is only advisable if all the requirements and restrictions described in SNiP and PPB are taken into account. Let us further consider each of the available types of rooftop autonomous boiler room.

Block-modular boiler houses

Block or modular boiler rooms are compact in size and occupy a small area. Special blocks are brought to the site on the roof of the house, which are then combined into a finished and workable structure. Each element of the structure is completed at the factory and equipped with all the necessary equipment, which is connected to a common system.

After assembly, the thermal station is ready for operation. All necessary equipment is provided by the manufacturer and mounted in the module. It also provides for the availability of separate rooms for staff.

Modern rooftop boilers operate all year round in automatic mode and do not require constant monitoring and the presence of personnel. Therefore, the heat supply is carried out without interruptions.

All equipment is selected according to the required technical parameters and meets the standards. Blocks are usually equipped with high-quality insulation and a reliable ventilation system.

They may also be attractive appearance and unusual design. During installation, the main task of specialists is to correctly connect all nodes and check the performance of all elements.

Designers and engineers foresee the future installation of a boiler room for gas equipment on the roofs of multi-storey buildings. They minimize the weight and dimensions of the frame of the building. Usually, professionals assemble a boiler room in a few working days.

Installation of a block-modular roof boiler consists of several stages. First of all, it is necessary to conduct an examination, which will determine the bearing capacity of the building and the necessary procedures for its increase. If it turns out that it is necessary to strengthen the structure, then these procedures are carried out first.

Then a platform is installed that will rest on the load-bearing walls of the building. This is necessary for the stability of the block. The next step is the creation of a fire-resistant coating under the gas boiler.

Usually, a layer of concrete is poured to solve this problem. You should also ensure safety by installing railings around the perimeter of the roof. Sometimes procedures are needed to improve sound insulation.

Block gas boilers have a complete factory set. Manufacturers give a guarantee of quality. The blocks are sent to the roof almost ready for launch and are assembled in a short time

Block boiler rooms are suitable for installation in buildings where there was originally centralized heating. However, for their arrangement, it is necessary to purchase equipment with acceptable technical conditions and have a project.

Built-in boiler room on the roof of the house

The layout of such boiler houses fits into the design documents in advance. Even at the design stage, each element of the built-in rooftop boiler is described in detail. Engineers calculate many different indicators and, based on the calculations, design a safe and efficient heating system.

Such indicators include the value of the load on the walls, the level of fire safety, the required boiler power, and others. It is much easier and cheaper to carry out these calculations at the design stage than to remake a centralized system into an autonomous one.

Simultaneously with the construction of the building, a number of activities are carried out. These include:

providing sound insulation and suppression of noise emitted by heating equipment;
protection of the boiler room from vibrations;
providing protection against ignition, explosions and gas leaks.

Carrying out these procedures at the construction stage increases their effectiveness. Most of the houses were built for a centralized heating system, and only in the last 5-10 years, the projects provide for built-in boilers.

Stationary gas boilers are built from materials similar to those from which the building is built. For these purposes, prefabricated sandwich structures or various reinforced concrete blanks are used.

Experienced engineers are engaged in the design of built-in boiler rooms. This is due to the need to comply with safety standards and legal regulations.

The advantages of such boiler houses include the absence of the need to spend money and time on capital construction. Also, the customer acquires a ready-made, proven and adjusted design, which will heat the residents of the house for many years.

Thanks to modern developments, it is possible to almost completely automate control. This allows you to have a minimum number of service personnel. The environmental friendliness of the built-in gas boilers is ensured modern systems filtration.

Integrated or built-in boilers are usually installed within a few days, which is very beneficial for the developer.

The device of an autonomous boiler room

Residents do not always buy a ready-made block boiler house. In some cases, the assistance of specialists in the assembly of an individual system is required.

The arrangement of a gas boiler room plays a crucial role in its efficient functioning. It is necessary to allocate a separate area on the roof. There should be no flammable materials around the site.

Domestic boilers are less popular due to the fact that they offer users a low level of autonomy and automation. Experts advise purchasing equipment from European manufacturers

For safety reasons, boiler rooms do not have more than two boilers: the main and the backup. Boilers are usually installed in the center of the room. This makes it easier to approach the equipment for systematic maintenance and repair.

Walls, and with them entrance doors, sheathed with non-combustible materials, for example, steel sheets. The floors are poured concrete screed, then a non-combustible non-slip coating is placed on top of it.

The principle of operation of an autonomous gas boiler is to process natural gas. Thanks to automatic settings uninterrupted fuel supply is ensured. The boiler room protection system shuts off the gas supply if the sensors detect a leak or breakdown.

Key components of the boiler room

The operation of an autonomous boiler room is ensured by the presence of the following elements:

Gas boilers providing heating;
Central gas pipeline supplying gas to the system;
Ventilation system and chimney that removes gas combustion products;
Feeding system cold water and electricity;
Security system with a number of instruments and sensors measuring various indicators;
Built-in automation.

For heating an apartment building, the power of the wall-mounted unit is not enough, therefore, in this situation, floor-standing units are used. gas boilers. Single-circuit boilers provide only heating of the coolant for its delivery to the radiators. When choosing the right equipment, you should focus on the power of the boiler. Also pay attention to the availability of licenses and registrations. The boiler must comply with the operating conditions in your area

The boiler can be with closed and open combustion chamber. For an open type, it is necessary to carry out smoke channel. And closed-type boilers are equipped.

Thanks to modern technologies, it has become possible to almost completely remotely control the heating system while maintaining a high level of security.

The benefits of remote control include:

Ability to customize individual temperature regime for each apartment;
Availability of a warning system about the values of the main indicators of equipment operation;
Innovative weather control system.

Modern smart boilers have outdoor sensors that measure the temperature outside the home. If the air temperature drops, the boiler automatically starts to increase the temperature of the water in the system and vice versa.

What needs to be considered?

Before arranging an autonomous boiler room, a number of factors must be taken into account. If a single-circuit gas boiler is purchased, then to supply hot water, you will need to install a storage type of water heater - a boiler.

For an extensive system of an apartment building, a distribution manifold will definitely be required. Thanks to this device, constant pressure and temperature will be maintained in all circuits. Together with the collector, hydraulic arrows are also installed.

When the water in the system heats up, it expands. In order to maintain a constant pressure and compensate for expansion processes, a .

The regulations require different minimum chimney heights above the highest point of the roof. When calculating this indicator, the power of the boiler and the structures located on the roof are taken into account

It is important to consider the layout of the chimney to remove the products of gas decomposition. To ensure safety, a mechanical or automatic air vent is installed. Before the heating system, it is necessary to install a make-up tap.

If automation is built into the system, then the need for human service of the system will be reduced to scheduled checks of the system's performance.

Installing an autonomous gas boiler house has a number of nuances and difficulties. However, this version of the heating system for an apartment building has a number of comparative advantages in comparison with a centralized system.

The main problems that developers and future residents will have to face are related to obtaining permits from the administration and gas industry for the construction of a gas boiler.

It takes time and requires certain resources. Residents of houses with central heating will face more big problems. First of all, they will have to get an agreement to turn off the old systems and get specifications for the installation of new ones. It is far from always that public utilities meet halfway on such issues.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Overview of the roof boiler TDK "New City":

The installation of a gas-fired boiler house in Svetloye resulted in significant cost savings:

The acquisition of block boiler houses is one of the most profitable options for developers. Their delivery and installation takes a short period of time, and the prices for equipment are reasonable. This allows you not to spend a lot of time on this issue.

Residents who choose to install heating system, protect themselves in the future from disadvantages centralized systems guarantee continuous heating and hot water all year round.

Please write comments in the block below, post photos on the topic of the article, ask questions. Tell us about your experience in the construction and / or operation of an autonomous gas boiler house in a high-rise building. It is possible that your advice will be extremely useful to site visitors.

Installing a gas rooftop boiler in an apartment building provides significant cost savings by reducing heating and utility bills by approximately 30%. At the same time, the structure must comply with building requirements set out in “Design standards. Boiler plants», as well as a specially released addendum P1-03 .

Types and arrangement of roof boilers

Permissible types of rooftop boilers are described in detail in SNiP. In the technical documentation, attention is paid to the requirements, the observance of which makes it possible to install heating equipment on the roof.

The standards separately stipulate the possibility of operating a built-in and block-modular boiler house. Each type of technical and design solution has its own limitations and features. In general, placing boiler equipment on the roof has several advantages:

There are no costs for the construction of a separate technical building.
There is no need to build a high chimney.
The safety of operation of heating equipment is increased.

When deciding on the advisability of installing a rooftop boiler house, the existing restrictions specified in SNiP and PPB are taken into account.

Block-modular roof boiler rooms

Gas modular rooftop boilers for apartment buildings, specially designed to reduce weight finished construction and reduce the mechanical load on the roof of the building.

Installation includes the following steps:

A platform is installed, based on load-bearing walls and other building structures. Before installation, an examination is carried out aimed at determining the bearing capacity and determining measures to strengthen the structurally significant elements of the building.
The coating under the boiler room is made of non-combustible materials. As a rule, for this they fill concrete pad with a thickness of 20 cm.
Separately, measures are provided to ensure safety (manufacturing of railings along the perimeter of the roof) and increase the sound insulation of the modules.

The installation of block-modular heating equipment requires the preparation of a separate project and is suitable for buildings in which it was not originally planned to heat the premises in this way.

Modular boiler house is a fully equipped thermal station, ready for operation. All equipment is built into the module. BMC is additionally equipped with rooms for service personnel.

Built-in rooftop boilers

Built-in roof boilers on the roof of residential buildings can only be installed in cases where, at the stage of preparing project documentation, it was planned to install a thermal station. This solution takes into account the bearing load on the walls of the building, fire safety and other nuances of operation.

It is much easier to make and coordinate the project of a built-in boiler room. Soundproofing, noise-absorbing and anti-vibration measures are carried out simultaneously with the erection of walls and finishing works, which significantly increases their effectiveness. In fact, built-in boiler rooms are extremely rare, mainly in new houses, the construction of which began in the last 5 years.

Boilers for rooftop boilers

Boiler equipment allowed for installation on the roof, according to SP 89.13330, has a high automation of work, sufficient to provide heating of the building without the constant presence of personnel and technical workers.

Domestic thermal units, for all their merits, do not differ in autonomy. Therefore, the choice mainly falls on the products of Italian, German and other European manufacturers:

Futera.
Rendamax.
Wessex.
Viessmann.
Buderus.
Protherm.
Ferroli.
Vaillant.
Lochinvar.

When choosing a suitable boiler, focus on thermal power, availability of registration and license issued by Rostekhnadzor, adaptation to domestic features of operation and cost.

Design standards for gas-fired rooftop boilers

SP 89.13330 "Boiler installations"). But, the emergence of new technologies and the modification of heating equipment led to the appearance of an addendum that describes in detail all the requirements (P 1-03 "Design of autonomous and roof boiler houses").

The basic requirements and design standards for rooftop boilers have remained the same and include the following provisions:

It is not allowed to install a technical room directly on the ceiling of living rooms.
The adjoining of the boiler room to the walls of residential premises is prohibited.
Operation of a fully autonomous station is allowed.
It is mandatory to have an alarm and a system that gives a signal to turn off in case of emergency.

The minimum height of the chimney pipes above the roof is at least 0.5 m above the highest point of the building and structures installed on top. The type of heat generator and its power are taken into account. The lifting height of the pipe may vary, depending on the adjacent buildings and other technical characteristics.

These SNiPs cover four important areas of design, requirements for: location, gas supply, power supply and compliance with the PPB.

Requirements for roofs for boiler rooms

Regulatory documents for the design of a roof block boiler unit prohibit the use of this type of heating for the following types of buildings:

Public buildings- it is forbidden to place a built-in boiler room above the premises with the intensity of simultaneous stay, more than 50 people. Hospitals, polyclinics, sanatoriums, schools, nurseries, etc. fall under the ban.
apartment buildings- the standards governing the operation of a boiler house in an apartment building indicate a direct ban on the installation of a station that exceeds the total thermal power of 3 MW.
Power restrictions also affect built-in thermal stations. General rule– a ban on exceeding the thermal power by more than 15% of the total heat demand of the building.

The following types of restrictions are specified separately:

Height limit- in the old SNiP II-35-76 (designers still refer to it), there is a limit on the height of the building, on which it is allowed to install a roof boiler. The maximum height is 26.5 m, which is equivalent to a 9-storey building. In the current joint ventures, height restrictions are not indicated at all.
Size restrictions- the boiler room should not exceed the dimensions of the building itself. It is not allowed to increase the width of the walls and other measures related to the re-equipment of the roof and the increase in the weight load on the load-bearing walls.
Location restrictions- roof gas boilers for apartment buildings, are installed only after an examination and implementation of measures to strengthen the supporting structures. Installation on floor slabs, placement next to the walls of residential premises is not allowed.

Any deviation from the technical specifications for the installation and operation of rooftop natural gas boilers leads to a refusal to commission and recognize the plant as inoperable until the violations are eliminated.

Gas supply to the boiler house located on the roof

The design recommendations set out in SP 89.13330 are additionally accompanied by SNiP 2.04.08-87 "Safety Rules in the Gas Industry" (cancelled), which contains several provisions regarding the provision of gas supply to the thermal power plant:

The pressure in the line must not exceed 5 kPa.
The gas pipeline is carried out along outer wall building. It is not allowed to cut into the pipe to connect other sources of gas consumption.
The laying of the gas pipeline on the roof and walls must be open. It is not allowed to close the main pipeline with gratings, removable and non-removable structures.
To regulate the flow and turn off the gas supply, shut-off and control valves are installed at the inlet of the main to the house and the connection of each heat generator. At the installation site of the reinforcement, the presence of artificial lighting is mandatory.
Purge pipelines with a diameter of at least 20 mm are provided.

Separately, taking into account gas supply, a thermal scheme is developed:

Heating - a dependent scheme is used, providing for mixing unit heat release. For each facade or area of the building, a separate thermal arrow is installed. In a rooftop boiler room, the heat carrier temperature should not exceed 115°C.
DHW - for hot water supply, installation of a separate heat generator is allowed. Hot water supply, performed according to closed scheme through heat exchangers.

The laying of pipelines for heating and hot water from the boiler room must not intersect with the gas pipeline of the building. At the stage of development of project documentation, a decision is made on the placement of each pipeline in compliance with the rules specified in the SP and PPB.

Power supply for the boiler room on the roof

The electrical project is being developed in accordance with the current ones (PUE). According to the classification, rooftop boiler houses are equated to the second class in terms of the required reliability of power supply.

The following measures are envisaged:

Lightning protection - the project is being developed with the standards described in. At the same time, both the gas pipelines themselves and the heating equipment connected to it.
Lighting is carried out using sealed fixtures with a metal protective mesh.
The need for a backup power supply for the rooftop boiler is foreseen. In the event of a power outage, it is necessary to provide power to turn on the backup circulation pump and ensure the operability of automation, alarm and notification systems.
To disconnect the boiler from the power supply, a switchboard is installed, located outside the premises of the thermal station.

Roof fire extinguishing

Technical conditions for the device and operation, necessarily take into account fire extinguishing measures for the boiler room. According to SP 89.13330:

"... A building with a height of more than 12 m, not equipped with an internal fire water supply for supplying water for fire extinguishing, having a roof boiler room, must be equipped with a "dry pipe" with an outlet to the roof with fire hose heads with a diameter of 70 mm."

If a system is provided internal fire extinguishing, the boiler room is equipped with two taps with a diameter of 50 mm.

There are several specific fire safety requirements to the premises for placing a roof gas boiler house in an apartment building, including the following recommendations:

All requirements are aimed at minimizing the occurrence of possible emergencies, therefore, in some cases, local supervisory authorities may recommend additional safety measures. Before starting the preparation of project documentation, you should contact the regulatory authorities for clarification of the provisions stipulated in SNiP, PPB and SP.

Commissioning of the rooftop boiler house

The rules for technical operation stipulate the commissioning of the boiler house and its commissioning, and divide all actions into two stages:

Preparation of project documentation and approval.
Carrying out technical work on the installation and arrangement of a thermal power plant.

At the stage preparatory work and arrangement of the boiler room, the following activities are carried out:

Measures aimed at damping and soundproofing - it is not allowed that noise pollution exceeds 60 dBA inside the boiler room and 35 dBA in nearby residential areas. The result is achieved in two ways:
1. selection of heating and other equipment equipped with soundproof casings.
2. work on the arrangement of noise-absorbing and vibration-reducing barriers.
Organization and implementation of work on maintenance- the staff undergoes special training and receives the appropriate license. After installing the boiler equipment, it is allowed to conclude an agreement with residents for the maintenance of boilers and related equipment.

The preparation of project documentation and approvals falls entirely on the shoulders of the contractor constructing the building, or on the representative of the housing cooperative who authorized him to draw up the necessary documents.

rooftop boiler cost

The financial costs of a rooftop boiler room are usually fully borne by the residents of the apartment building where it is installed. The total cost of a thermal plant consists of several components:

Selected boiler type- the boiler room is assembled and completed at the request of the customer. Budget versions, equipped with boilers of Italian, Polish manufacturers. The most expensive station will cost, equipped with German Viessmann boilers, Buderus.
Additional work- in addition to installing a boiler house, measures are taken to eliminate structural noise, install a fire extinguishing system, power supply, etc. The total costs will increase by approximately 30% compared to the cost of the thermal plant.
Boiler house insurance- the annual costs for the purchase of an insurance policy are mandatory, without which it will be impossible to put the rooftop boiler into operation.

The full cost, including the preparation of project documentation and obtaining all necessary approvals, costs 5-10 million rubles, depending on the number of residents and the selected capacity of heating equipment.

Roof boiler - pros and cons

Any heating of a house or apartment has its advantages and disadvantages. A structural and design solution is adopted that does not have "pitfalls", satisfies the heat technical specifications and is cost effective.

When determining whether a rooftop boiler is a viable option for heating a residential building, the advantages and disadvantages are considered separately. Pay attention to the opinion of experts and reviews of consumers themselves.

Benefits of a rooftop boiler

The main advantage is that the boiler room on the roof of a multi-storey building works as a completely autonomous thermal station. Accordingly, there is no need to conclude contracts and pay for intermediary services of various organizations of the Teploseti and the like, which leads to several more advantages:

The supply of heat carrier and hot water in a multi-storey building with a roof gas boiler room is carried out directly to the building on which the station is installed. This leads to a decrease in heat loss during the delivery of the coolant from the boiler house to the consumer. No need to pay for heat losses that exist with centralized city heating.
Due to the full automation of the heating process, the fee for the maintenance of the boiler room is reduced to a minimum. If necessary, an agreement is concluded with a contractor who simultaneously serves several thermal power plants.
The heating season starts when it is needed, and does not equate to a specific date.
High safety - the gas boiler house is arranged in such a way as to ensure maximum safety of operation. The prevention of emergencies is facilitated by the many requirements and approvals that are boiler equipment before being put into operation.

Heat costs are reduced by approximately 30%. At the same time, the quality of the services provided is significantly improved. Batteries get really hot, so you don't have to pay extra for heat transport losses.

Disadvantages of rooftop boilers

Rooftop thermal power plants have several disadvantages that are taken into account at the stage of preparing project documentation:

Installation restrictions - for a roof boiler room, the number of storeys of the house is allowed, not higher than 9 standard floors. As mentioned above, this requirement can be challenged, but this is not always possible in practice.
Vibration problems - powerful circulation pumps, turbines are located in the boiler, emitting high-intensity noise and vibration. And these are significant disadvantages for the residents of the last floor.
High cost - production and purchase of project documentation, sound insulation work, etc., will cost 5-10 million rubles. To save money, order a turnkey boiler room.
Disadvantages of rooftop boilers at the regulatory level - as already mentioned, many officials in design organizations, as the main requirements, cite outdated building codes. To "persuade" them, it may be necessary to repeatedly apply to the courts. It all depends on the region of paperwork and the officials themselves.

A heating gas boiler is a device that, by means of the combustion of fuel (natural or liquefied gas), heats the coolant.

The device (design) of a gas boiler: burner, heat exchanger, thermally insulated housing, hydraulic unit, as well as safety and control devices. Such gas-fired boilers require a chimney to be connected to remove combustion products. The chimney can be either a conventional vertical or coaxial (“pipe in pipe”) for boilers with closed camera combustion. Many modern boilers equipped with built-in pumps for forced circulation of water.

The principle of operation of a gas boiler- the coolant, passing through the heat exchanger, heats up and then circulates through the heating system, giving the received thermal energy through radiators, underfloor heating, heated towel rails, as well as providing water heating in the boiler indirect heating(if it is connected to a gas boiler).

Heat exchanger - a metal container in which the coolant (water or antifreeze) is heated - can be made of steel, cast iron, copper, etc. The reliability and durability of a gas boiler depends on the quality of the heat exchanger in the first place. Cast iron heat exchangers are resistant to corrosion and have a long service life, but are sensitive to sudden temperature changes and are quite heavy. Steel containers can suffer from rust, so their internal surfaces are protected with various anti-corrosion coatings that prolong the “life” of the device. Steel heat exchangers are the most common in the manufacture of boilers. Corrosion is not terrible for copper heat exchangers, and due to the high heat transfer coefficient, low weight and dimensions, such heat exchangers are often used in wall boilers, but of the minuses, it should be noted that they are more expensive than steel ones.
In addition to the heat exchanger, an important part of gas boilers is a burner, which can be various kinds: atmospheric or fan, single-stage or two-stage, with smooth modulation, double.

To control the gas boiler, automation is used with various settings and functions (for example, a weather-compensated control system), as well as devices for programming operation and remote control boiler.

The main technical characteristics of gas heating boilers are: power, number of heating circuits, type of fuel, type of combustion chamber, burner type, installation method, pump and expansion tank, boiler control automation.

To determine required power gas heating boiler for private country house or an apartment, a simple formula is used - 1 kW of boiler power for heating 10 m 2 of a well-insulated room with a ceiling height of up to 3 m. If heating of a glazed basement is required winter garden, rooms with non-standard ceilings, etc. the gas boiler output must be increased. It is also necessary to increase the power (about 20-50%) when providing a gas boiler and hot water supply (especially if heating of water in the pool is necessary).

The peculiarity of calculating the power of gas boilers: the nominal gas pressure at which the boiler operates at 100% of the power declared by the manufacturer, for most boilers is from 13 to 20 mbar, and the actual pressure in gas networks in Russia can be 10 mbar, and sometimes even lower . Accordingly, a gas boiler often only works at 2/3 of its capacity, and this must be taken into account when calculating. In more detail with a table for calculating the power of a heating boiler, you can

Most gas boilers can switch from natural gas operation to liquefied gas (ballooned propane). Many models switch to liquefied gas at the factory (check these model specifications when buying), or to gas boiler injectors (jets) are additionally supplied for switching to bottled gas.

Pros and cons of gas boilers:

Boiler piping- These are devices for the full operation of the heating and water supply system. Includes: pumps expansion tanks, filters (if necessary), manifolds, return and safety valves, air valves, valves, etc. You will also need to purchase radiators, connecting pipes and valves, thermostats, a boiler, etc. The issue of choosing a boiler is quite serious, so it is better to entrust the selection of equipment and its complete set to professionals.

What is the best boiler? On the Russian market gas boiler equipment has its own leaders in quality and reliability. The best manufacturers and brands of gas boilers are presented in the assortment:

"Premium" or "Lux"- the most reliable and durable, easy to manage, the kit is assembled as a "constructor", more expensive than the others. These manufacturers include German companies