Centralized and decentralized ventilation systems comparison. Central ventilation. Disadvantages of using a central ventilation system

Production shops, warehouses, super- and hypermarkets, sports complexes, exhibition halls and other objects of large area and volume impose increased, often specialized requirements on the ventilation systems that serve them.

There are two main features of objects of large area and volume regarding their effective ventilation.

The first of them is obvious and is associated with the problems of organizing air exchange, which ensures a uniform distribution of fresh supply air over the area of ​​​​the room or in its individual microclimatic zones. Wherein important point is also the rational use of thermal energy along the height of the room, in order to avoid large vertical temperature gradients, when superheated air accumulates under the ceiling, significantly increasing heat loss through the roof, instead of forming the necessary temperature regime in the work area.

The second feature is related to the fact that such objects, being very expensive, during their life cycle in some cases change their purpose several times due to changes in the intended use, technology of work performed, or reorganization of the modes of buildings in operation. For example, a production machine shop can be converted into a social building. At the same time, it is desirable to preserve the existing ventilation system, limiting itself to organizational and structural reconfiguration at the level of the control system in order to avoid its radical reconstruction. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the objects under consideration can fundamentally differ from each other in terms of the requirements for microclimatic support systems. In this sense, super- and hypermarkets differ significantly from a pharmaceutical warehouse. A trade fair complex, for example, has different ventilation requirements than pulp and paper mills, etc.

At present, ventilation equipment is available (Fig. 1) that meets the indicated, seemingly incompatible features of the objects of the type under consideration.

Rice. one.

Central and decentralized systems

When developing design solutions, one should distinguish between central and decentralized ventilation systems. The first of them assumes the presence of a high-capacity unit that processes air, which is then distributed using an air duct system throughout the volume of the room. The second ones are a set of physically autonomous units of relatively low productivity, located with a certain degree of uniformity over the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room directly under the ceiling. Decentralized systems, having a high adaptability, best meet the features of objects of large area and volume.

At the same time, as calculations show, as well as existing practical experience, decentralized systems are more economical in operation, providing a payback period for additional capital costs within 2-3 years, after which they begin to generate net profit.

On fig. 2 shows a ventilation unit equipped with a recuperative plate heat exchanger, a heater and a direct cooling system with a condensing unit located on the roof.

Previously, decentralized systems were mainly used in industrial facilities. At present, thanks to the positively proven technical properties and positive economic indicators, decentralized ventilation is also being successfully implemented at social and utility facilities. These include, for example, super- and hypermarkets, markets, railway stations, major airports, sports complexes, exhibition halls, covered garages, etc.

The main advantages of using such systems are as follows:
1. No need to use exhaust and/or supply air ducts.
2. Significantly reduced static head losses.
3. Possibility to implement both heated and cooled air supply modes.
4. Absence of drafts (increased air mobility) in the working area.
5. Reducing the temperature gradient along the height of the room in the mode air heating.
6. Possibility of forming various microclimatic zones within the given areas of one building volume.
7. The stability of the maintained microclimatic parameters, regardless of external dynamic influences (opening doors and windows, wind loads, etc.).
8. High reliability of the system as a whole. In the event of a temporary failure of a single unit, the system continues to function, being integrated at the top hierarchical control level. For the period of restoration work, the address of the defective unit is systematically blocked in the general list with subsequent removal of the blocking upon completion of the repair.
9. High energy efficiency due to improved air exchange, air recirculation and heat recovery, which helps to reduce equipment depreciation due to low operating costs.
10. No need to use supply and exhaust ventilation chambers.
11. Possibility of installation without stopping the main technological process;
12. The possibility of phased equipment of the ventilation system by sequential expansion, as functionality, and serviced production areas.

Decentralized ventilation systems are limited by the possibilities of their implementation in rooms with a ceiling height of 4.5 to 18 m and an area of ​​less than 100 m2. This is due to the aerodynamic features of the formation of vertical supply jets operating on the principle of air injection with a controlled swirl angle and a rarefaction core formed directly behind the nozzle exit.

Exhaust air contaminated with oils

One of the advantages of decentralized systems is the ability to select ventilation units from a wide range supplied models that meet the specific requirements of the object of their use. In some cases, the presence of oil aerosol in the exhaust air is a significant problem.

Standard technical solutions in these circumstances are unacceptable due to the need for frequent replacement of filters and the destruction of sealing materials that are not sufficiently resistant to oils. The oil-resistant models available as part of the supplied ventilation units provide a solution to this problem, having the ability to effectively capture oil aerosols and adequately drain their filter products.

Working in cold climates

For Ukraine, the performance of units is of particular importance when low temperatures, since a number of regions are located in the northeastern part, characterized by particularly harsh climatic conditions. The standard version of the units allows their operation at outdoor temperatures down to -30 °C. The special version Cold Climate (CC-1) extends the operating capacity of the units to -40 °С, and the version Cold Climate (CC-2) - up to -60 °С.

The design of these units uses plastics that retain strength at low temperatures and do not crack in the cold. Instead of rubber shock absorbers, steel springs with silicone cups are used. All sealing profiles are made of cold-resistant silicone. Drives air valves equipped with heating systems. Spring return actuators are installed for protection in the event of a power outage.

The plate heat exchanger is sealed using a highly durable epoxy resin.

If the heat exchanger begins to freeze, the differential pressure differential sensor is triggered and the following sequence of actions starts:
- the outside air damper closes and the recirculation damper opens; the supply fan stops and the exhaust fan continues to operate;
- bypass valve plate heat exchanger fully opens;
- warm air flow on the hood melts the ice and after an adjustable time delay and the return of the differential pressure differential sensor to its original state, the unit switches back to normal operation.

Frost protection of the air heater is carried out using a controller that monitors both the air temperature and the water temperature. For this purpose, the end of the capillary tube stretched on the reverse side of the heater is inserted into the drain pipe. If the water temperature falls below 11 °C, the mixing valve opens gradually. When the temperature drops below 5°C, the mixing valve is fully open and a frost alarm is given. When starting the unit and when switching from recirculation mode to one of the supply modes fresh air the system of smooth switching on of the supply fan is activated. To ensure operation at ambient temperatures below -40 °C (version CC-2) motors exhaust fans are additionally equipped with heating devices for periods of fan off, which guarantees reliable start-up and operation of the unit at temperatures up to -60 °C.

Work in explosive and flammable environments

If there are assigned categories of explosion and fire hazard A and B, regulated in accordance with the norms of NPB 105-03 "Definition of categories of premises, buildings and outdoor installations for explosion and fire hazard", it is prohibited to use standard ventilation units located indoors for the purposes of air heating . For these purposes, it is possible to use the specified units in a special EEX version, which, in accordance with European standards DIN EN 60079-10 and VDE 0165 (part 101:1996-10), is certified for operation in zones 1 and 2. The indicated means that the units can be used in this version when equipping rooms in which it is possible to form a fire and explosive environment of class T3, which corresponds to an ignition temperature of combustible substances of more than 200 ° C. The maximum allowable temperature of hot surfaces is 200 °C.

The main differences between EEX and standard ventilation units are as follows:
- electrical components are replaced with explosion-proof ones;
- electrical circuits have the necessary galvanic isolation;
- materials capable of accumulating electrostatic charges are suitably protected or completely replaced.

In particular, the following activities have been carried out:
1. Fans are replaced with explosion-proof diagonal ones. The fan motors are equipped with PTC type temperature sensors with trigger protection device. The fan inlet is made of stainless steel and has a protective grille.
2. The contactor box is equipped with Ex-cable glands with compound sealing ring and screw clamping device.
3. The noise-absorbing coating of the disc flow divider is covered with aluminum foil in order to prevent the accumulation of electrostatic charges, which is appropriately grounded.
4. Pocket type filters are interwoven metal mesh which is grounded. The metal frame of the filter is also grounded.
5. The filter differential pressure sensor is mounted inside the control section but not connected. Electrical connection provided to the control cabinet during installation of the unit at the customer's site using an external galvanic isolation circuit.
6. The freezing thermostat is mounted in the heater section, but also not connected. Electrical connection is provided to the control cabinet during installation of the unit at the customer's site using an external galvanic isolation circuit.

Comfortable environment in shopping centers increases sales

In the general range of units supplied, there are special models designed for the equipment of shopping centers (Fig. 3), the specifics of which are associated with the following circumstances:
1. Low ceiling height.
2. The need for minimal disruption of the interior.
3. Increased requirements for noise characteristics.

The special models of ventilation units mentioned above are structurally designed in such a way that only injection-type air distributors go into the sales area. Thus, the interior is preserved and the distance from the nozzle exit to the upper boundary of the working area is increased, which allows both heated and cooled air to be supplied into it without excessive mobility (drafts). Since the fans are located above the roof, and the air distributor has a disk flow divider lined with a porous material that shields the penetration of sound into the hall, noise impacts are minimal. As a result, a high level of comfort is achieved, which attracts customers, contributes to their longer stay in mall and increased purchases.

Stages of design, installation and maintenance

Ease of installation and maintenance, as well as the required volume of these works are one of the indicators that characterize the ventilation system. Design solutions that provide for a decentralized ventilation system are implemented in the shortest possible time with a small amount of installation work, since the supplied monoblocks go through a full cycle of assembly work at the manufacturing plant.

Lack of air ducts and, accordingly, pressure losses to overcome aerodynamic drag, which usually requires up to 80% of the consumed electrical energy, leads to the fact that the power of the electric motors is small (maximum 3 kW) and the supply cables have a small cross section. As a result electrical installation is greatly simplified.

Hydraulic connection is also simplified by the complete delivery hydraulic module assembled, which includes a three-way solenoid valve, as well as the necessary shut-off and control valves (balancing, air, shut-off, shut-off valves). The module is equipped with standard fittings on the inlet and outlet pipelines.

The binding of the automation system is reduced to a serial connection of the ventilation units to each other using a standard twisted pair. All work on network configuration is performed from the keyboard of a computer connected as one of the network nodes to a common bus. The three-level hierarchy created in this case is determined in a virtual way by assigning corresponding addresses to the network elements.

The mechanical installation of units providing fresh air supply is carried out from the outside of the roof, which makes it possible to carry out work in the shortest possible time without stopping the existing production. The same applies to operational maintenance, which is kept to a minimum and carried out without disturbing the progress of the main technological operations.

On fig. 4 shows the work to replace the filters placed in the upper part of the units located on the roof.

Each unit serves an individual area, which allows the formation of zones with different temperature settings (comfort ventilation, standby heating, etc.), assigned operating modes (recirculation, fresh air supply, etc.) and different time schedules (single, two- or three-shift work). The principle of flooding the working area with fresh air supplied and removed in compliance with a certain air balance for each of the individually serviced areas prevents unwanted flow of polluted air between them. The air supply directly to the working area also increases the efficiency of the assimilation of harmful emissions, in fact, reducing the concentration of gas and aerosol pollution to a minimum.

Profitable solution

Conceptually, decentralized ventilation in a number of applications is the optimal technical solution that provides not only functional advantages compared to centralized systems, but also more economically advantageous, especially in terms of the full life cycle of equipment operation.

Decentralized ventilation has proven itself on the positive side in numerous domestic and foreign facilities. Among Russian facilities, the most characteristic are large customs warehouses finished products, spare parts, materials, semi-finished products, equipment, pharmaceuticals, etc. They also include sports complexes, exhibition centers, showrooms, concert halls, large printing houses, hangars, equipment repair shops, carpentry and machine shops, etc.

European requirements for the energy efficiency of buildings require modern heat-insulating glazing and sealing of the outer shell, while the question of forced ventilation of the premises inevitably arises.

The central unit of the domestic ventilation unit can be installed under the roof, such as this model RecoVair.

In the future, controlled home ventilation may become a decisive factor in creating a comfortable microclimate in new buildings and energy upgraded buildings.

Global climate change and exploding fossil energy prices are tightening requirements to reduce losses through building ventilation systems.

Therefore, homeowners are striving to increase the thermal protection of windows and update doors. As a result, buildings become more airtight. In an effort to avoid wasteful use of thermal energy, residents ventilate the premises less often. high humidity leads to the appearance of mold, which, in turn, to damage building structures.

And this is a sustainable trend generated by the reduction of heating costs. Today, even in prosperous Germany, 22% of houses and 7 million apartments are affected by mold, while the burden of eliminating the consequences falls on the shoulders of homeowners or tenants.

Optimal air exchange

According to European building codes, when planning ventilation and technical measures, the degree of tightness of buildings is taken into account, in determining which a special calculation system is used. A specific hermetic shell assumes an appropriate air exchange regime necessary to protect building structures.

Today, this requirement is being implemented through a number of measures, including the automatic opening of windows. However, the most practical solution is the use of controlled forced ventilation with heat recovery, the installation of which takes into account the interaction of heating and ventilation equipment.

Significant savings on heating

Soon heating equipment will be focused on the specific energy consumption values ​​specified in the building's energy passport.

Today, when calculating the heating load and determining heat losses, the role of controlled ventilation is often not taken into account, which can lead to underinvestment in heating equipment.

For example, when equipping a house with a heat pump, this may mean using a smaller generator, as well as reducing the heat transfer surface of the collector or probe.

Controlled ventilation contributes not only to energy saving and compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards, but also to maintaining the integrity of building structures. In accordance with the new European regulation on energy saving, such installations may become part of the standard equipment of both new and retrofit buildings in the future.

Possible variants of the controlled ventilation system may have different designs.

1. Centralized supply exhaust ventilation

Centralized ventilation is provided by a high-efficiency direct-flow fan with adjustable air flow. At the same time, the exhaust air is removed, and fresh air enters the building.

Central control ensures highly efficient heat recovery: the extract air heat passes through the heat exchanger and is transferred to the supply air. The better the thermal insulation of the building, the faster such an installation pays off.

Reuse of up to 95% of thermal energy provides highly efficient energy savings. In this case, the heat exchanger must be equipped with a function to prevent the formation of condensate and freezing. Centralized ventilation systems are equipped with dust filters.

2. Decentralized air handling unit

Such systems provide air exchange in one or two rooms. As a cheaper alternative to centralized systems, this solution creates a number of problems, such as the need for individual regulation in the bathroom or bedroom.

Usually soundproof units with heat recovery function are installed close to windows and in combination with heating appliances supply air is heated. Air filtration capabilities depend on the features of the specific model.

3. Centralized exhaust unit

With a centralized version, an exhaust fan with a grill or poppet valve is used. It removes used air from the kitchen and bathroom, while a slight decrease in pressure is observed, which leads to the entry of fresh air through passively working anemostats in the outer walls.

In this system, the function of heat recovery is expedient due to the use of heat pump or regulation of the volume of exhaust air, which provides an optimal mode of air exchange and energy savings. Installation work in this case, they are limited to organizing a channel for air removal, while the inflow is carried out without special pipelines.

4. Decentralized exhaust unit

Soundproof exhaust fan mounted on outer wall kitchen or bathroom and provides exhaust air to the outside. Thanks to a slight decrease in pressure, fresh air enters the anemostats in the outer walls. Installation of the unit is less expensive than centralized systems, but there is no heat recovery.

Controlled ventilation with heat recovery provides a 20 percent savings in thermal energy directed to or any other building.

Option for a separate room.

Through the hole in the outer wall energy-saving direct-flow fan EcoVent sucks in atmospheric air. The highly efficient and large size aluminum plate heat exchanger ensures that over 70% of the thermal energy is reused.

The main purpose of ventilation - maintaining acceptable conditions in the room - is achieved organization of air exchange. Under air exchange, it is customary to understand the removal of polluted and the supply of clean air to the room.Air exchange is created by the operation of supply and exhaust systems. Traditionally, preference is given to the simplest, but providing given Conditions ventilation methods. When designing ventilation systems, they tend to reduce their performance by reducing the flow of excess heat and other harmful emissions into the room air. An imperfect technological process may cause it to be impossible to provide the required air parameters in the working area by means of ventilation.

ventilation system called a set of devices for processing, transporting, supplying or removing air.

By appointment ventilation systems are divided into supply and exhaust. soldering systems supply air to the room. Systems that remove air from a room are called exhaust. With their cumulative action, supply and exhaust systems organize supply and exhaust ventilation of the room.

In the technical literature one often comes across the concept ventilation installation. This term is applied to ventilation systems using a fan as a draft driver. A ventilation unit is a part of the ventilation system that does not include a network of air ducts and channels through which air is transported, as well as devices for supplying (air distributors) and removing air (exhaust grilles, local suctions). Supply ventilation unit consists of an air intake device, an insulated damper, a dust filter, an air heater and a ventilation unit consisting of a fan and an electric motor. Some air handling units may not have a filter. Exhaust ventilation unit includes devices for cleaning ventilation emissions from pollutants and a ventilation unit. If cleaning of the air removed into the atmosphere is not required, which is typical for civil buildings and some industrial premises, there is no cleaning device and the ventilation unit consists of a ventilation unit. Recently, they have begun to use supply and exhaust ventilation units, arranging supply and exhaust units in one unit. This became possible due to the development and industrial production of panel-frame supply and exhaust units, the design of which provides for the possibility of such a combination. The main reason for the use of supply and exhaust units is the need to utilize the heat of the exhaust air. In the supply and exhaust unit, a common surface heat exchanger is often used, transferring the heat of the exhaust air to the cold supply air. In addition, air handling units require less space than separate air handling units and extract air units.

If the entire volume of the room or its working area is ventilated in the presence of dispersed sources of harmful emissions. Ventilation is called general exchange supply and exhaust ventilation. Removing air directly from equipment that emits harmful emissions or supplying inflow directly to workplaces or to a certain part of the room is called local ventilation. Local exhaust ventilation is more efficient than general ventilation, as it removes harmful emissions with a higher concentration compared to general ventilation, but more expensive, since it requires more air ducts and devices. local suctions.

According to the method of organizing ventilation of the room distinguish centralized and decentralized ventilation systems. AT centralized systems ventilation supply and exhaust ventilation units serve a group of premises or the building as a whole. In the case of ventilation of large premises, a decentralized ventilation scheme with several air handling units may be preferable. This method of organizing ventilation eliminates the need for an extensive network of air ducts. A typical ventilation unit for this kind of ventilation is Hoval , Operating Modes LHW .

According to the method of inducing air movement systems are divided into mechanical drive systems(using fans, ejectors, etc.) and systems with gravitational urge(action of forces of gravity, wind).

Air in ventilated rooms can be supplied (or removed) through an extensive network of air ducts (such systems are called channel) or through openings in fences (such ventilation is called channelless).

In the premises of civil or industrial buildings, supply and exhaust ventilation.

The most widely used channel systems are mechanically driven. supply system ventilation with mechanical stimulation can be performed with recycling. Recirculation is the mixing of exhaust air with supply air. Recycling can be complete or partial. Partial recirculation is used in conventional ventilation systems during working hours, since outside air is needed in the room. The minimum amount of outside air must not be less than sanitary standard. The use of recirculation allows you to save heat consumption in winter.

The following systems can be installed in the premises of civil and industrial buildings.

Forced-air and exhaust ventilation direct-flow. It is used mainly in industrial premises in which the use of recycling is prohibited. The reason for the prohibition may be the release of toxic vapors and gases, pathogenic bacteria, etc. into the air of the room. The heat consumption for heating the supply air is maximum.

Supply and exhaust ventilation with partial recirculation. It is used for ventilation of civil and industrial premises with excess heat in the absence of toxic vapors and gases, pungent odors, etc. into the air.

Supply and exhaust system with full recirculation. It is used in case of operation of the ventilation system in the air heating mode during non-working hours. It is a special type of ventilation used in spacecraft, space stations, submarines etc.

Emergency ventilation systems for one-story buildings often consist of an inlet chamber that feeds into the room in case of sudden entry a large number toxic or explosive substances unheated outside air. Polluted air is removed through a special opening in the fence or an exhaust shaft.

Supply ductless ventilation system with mechanical stimulation is carried out by installing a fan, usually axial, in the supply opening. It is used for ventilation of production and auxiliary premises with a small number of employees and in the absence of permanent jobs in them. Ventilation can be carried out both in warm and in cold periods years periodically. Sometimes it is used as additional ventilation to the main working systems. Air is removed through an open opening.

Supply and exhaust general exchange ductless ventilation with natural impulse in relation to industrial buildings received, the name aeration. Aeration is carried out through special aeration supply and exhaust openings with control devices that allow you to change the amount of air exchange or completely stop it. It is widely used to remove excess heat from industrial premises.

Supply local duct ventilation used in industrial premises. Serves to supply inflow through a network of air ducts to permanent gassed or thermally irradiated workplaces. Better known as air shower outside air. The supply air is pretreated (heated or cooled adiabatically or with artificial cold)

Supply local ductless ventilation with mechanical stimulation is a kind of air suffocation of workplaces with the internal air of the room. Produced by a special ventilation unit called aerator, a jet of air from which is directed to workplace. Showering with internal air can be used if the air in the room is not significantly polluted.

Supply local ductless ventilation with natural impulse rarely used on its own. It is carried out by arranging an additional aeration opening near the permanent workplace, the air flow from which flows directly to the workplace. It is used in combination with aeration.

Exhaust general exchange channelless with mechanical impulse, It is usually carried out by roof fans installed in openings in the roof. The inflow enters through open windows or special aeration openings in the walls.

Exhaust general exchange channel with natural impulse characteristic of residential and civil buildings. The inflow into the premises enters through the porches of windows and other leaks in the building envelope. In the technical literature, this ventilation system is called: supply and exhaust ventilation system with gravitational induction and unorganized inflow.

Exhaust local channel with mechanical impulse is used in industrial buildings to remove harmful substances from the places of their release through special shelters - local suctions. Before being released into the atmosphere, the exhaust air is usually cleaned of harmful impurities.

A direct-flow supply and exhaust system with a general exchange supply and local exhaust is used in industrial premises without the release of harmful vapors and gases into the air (for example, woodworking shops).

Local exhaust duct with natural impulse is also used in industrial buildings to remove heated polluted air from process furnaces, equipment, etc.

Mixed ventilation system. Local supply and exhaust systems are rarely used independently. Often they are components mixed ventilation system, in which air showering, local gravitational extraction, local mechanical extraction can take place. An obligatory component is also general mechanical or natural air exchange. A mixed ventilation system is used for two reasons:

1) the efficiency of local suction is not absolute, some of the harmful emissions from hidden sources enter the indoor air;

2) it is not economically feasible, and technically it is often simply impossible to install a local exhaust from all sources of harmful emissions, so harmful emissions from sources unprotected by local exhausts enter the room air.

The task of general air exchange with mixed ventilation is to remove harmful emissions from unprotected and, partially, from sources protected by local exhausts that have entered the volume of the room.

The presence of the above various constructive ventilation solutions allows you to choose the most optimal option for each case.

Split ventilation systems. These systems remove excess heat with the help of a refrigeration machine consisting of two blocks: external and internal. Outdoor mounted: refrigerator, condenser and air cooling fan. In the internal - an evaporator and a fan that circulates air through the evaporator. The supply of sanitary air standards is provided either by a special device supply and exhaust system ventilation, or the use of partial recirculation.

Decentralized MIRINE systems are ideal for ventilation, heating and cooling of premises with high ceilings: warehouse and logistics complexes, hypermarkets, sports and industrial facilities, hangars Maintenance, trade showrooms, etc.

Decentralized MIRINE systems are a set of physically autonomous recirculation or fresh air units operating from an external source of cold or heat of relatively small capacity, located with a certain degree of uniformity over the area of ​​​​the room directly under the ceiling. Thanks to the vortex air supply technology, this type of equipment allows you to maintain optimal climatic parameters while minimizing operating energy costs.

Decentralized systems, having high adaptability, best meet the needs of objects of large area and volume.

At the same time, as calculations show, as well as existing practical experience, decentralized systems are more economical in operation, providing a payback period for additional capital costs within 2-3 years, after which they begin to generate net profit.

The AIR-DISTRIBUTOR swirl diffuser with variable jet angle is the main component of MIRINE decentralized units, ensuring the quality and efficiency of air distribution

A feature and the main advantage of MIRINE ventilation units is the presence of the AIR-DISTRIBUTOR swirl diffuser, which is able to form a swirl jet and ensure efficient delivery of heated air to the working area.

Thus, the AIR-DISTRIBUTOR is the main element of any MIRINE decentralized ventilation unit and acts as a destratifier. Air distributor control system with rotary vanes and built-in electric drive, continuously adjusts the angle of the blades, taking into account the air flow, installation height, as well as the temperature difference between the supplied air and the air in the working area.

At the same time, the universal design of the diffuser, control systems adjusts to any room with a ceiling height of 6 to 30 m. The temperature difference in height in the rooms where the MIRINE unit operates is 0.1 ° C per 1 m of height. That is, with a room height of 10m, the difference between the temperatures in the working area and in the upper part of the room will be only 1°C.

The vortex diffuser provides the creation of a jet swirling around the circumference with a rarefaction zone inside (the core of the rarefaction). As you move away from the nozzle exit, the swirling effect is enhanced by the addition of ambient air masses. At some distance, the twisting effect prevails over the compression effect, which arose due to the initially formed rarefaction core. As a result, a "jet collapse" occurs.

An electric drive is installed in the vortex diffuser, which changes the angle of rotation of the blades and, as a result, the swirl of the jet. Due to this, the automation maintains a constant jet length from the diffuser cut to the “jet collapse” by changing the angle of rotation of the diffuser blades depending on the temperature difference in the upper and lower zones. Thus, a constant jet range is ensured and a comfortable speed is maintained in the working area (0.1 - 0.2 m/s).

Benefits of decentralized ventilation

• No need to use exhaust and/or supply air ducts.
• Significantly reduced static head losses.
• Possibility of realization of modes of supply of both heated and cooled air.
• Absence of drafts (increased air mobility) in the working area.
• Reducing the temperature gradient along the height of the room in the air heating mode.
• Possibility of formation of various microclimatic zones within the given areas of one building volume.
• The stability of the maintained microclimatic parameters, regardless of external dynamic influences (opening doors and windows, wind loads, etc.)
• High reliability of the system as a whole. In the event of a temporary failure of a single unit, the system continues to function, being integrated at the top hierarchical control level. For the period of restoration work, the address of the defective unit is systematically blocked in the general list with subsequent removal of the blocking upon completion of the repair.
• High energy efficiency due to improved air exchange, air recirculation and heat recovery, which helps to reduce equipment depreciation due to low operating costs
• No need to use supply and exhaust ventilation chambers.
• Possibility of installation without stopping the main technological process.
• Possibility of stage-by-stage equipment of the ventilation system by sequential expansion of both functionality and serviced production areas.

Applications

Warehouse and logistics complexes

Industrial premises