Safety rules when using a gas stove. Rules for the use of gas and gas equipment. What to do in case of a gas leak
Natural gas (methane) is a colorless, non-toxic gas, so if it leaks from the gas pipeline in the premises, a gas-air mixture may form, which goes unnoticed.
For safe use gas in everyday life, it is necessary to take into account its natural properties and observe the following rules:
1. If you smell gas in the room, you must immediately turn off the taps on the descent to the devices and on the devices, open the window and doors, create a draft, call the emergency services by phone 104 . Do not light a fire, do not smoke, do not turn on electric lighting and electrical appliances, do not use electric calls, take measures to remove people from the gassed area.
2. During work gas stove the vent must be open. If there is not enough fresh air, the gas does not burn completely and carbon monoxide is released. Carbon monoxide is a product of the incomplete combustion of methane. It is colorless and odorless, very poisonous. With a content of 10% carbon monoxide from the volume of the room, it is enough for a person to take a few breaths and death occurs. Signs of carbon monoxide emission: the appearance of a yellow, orange, red tint in the flame and soot on the dishes.
3. In the event of a malfunction of gas equipment or for a preventive inspection of gas appliances, it is necessary to call the employees of the operational gas service at telephone 104.
4. It is necessary to monitor the normal operation of chimneys and ventilation, check the draft before switching on and during operation of gas heating boilers.
5. By the beginning of the heating season, the subscriber must receive an act on the condition of the chimneys from the Fire Service
6. Be instructed on the safe use of natural gas by the controllers of the operational gas service, have on hand instructions (memo) for the operation of gas appliances and strictly follow them.
Subscribers are prohibited from:
1. Carry out unauthorized gasification of a house or apartment, rearrangement, replacement and repair of gas appliances;
2. Carry out redevelopment of the premises where gas appliances are installed, without coordination with the relevant organizations;
3. Make changes to the design of gas appliances. Change smoke devices and ventilation systems. Seal ventilation ducts, wall up or seal "pockets" and hatches intended for cleaning chimneys;
4. Use gas in case of malfunction of gas appliances, automation and gas cylinders, especially if a gas leak is detected;
5. Leave working gas appliances unattended (except for appliances designed for continuous operation and having appropriate automation for this);
6. Allow children to use gas appliances preschool age. As well as persons who do not control their actions and do not knowing the rules use of these devices.
7. Use a gas stove for space heating to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
8. enjoy heating boilers upon expiration of the act on chimneys
9. Use open fire to detect gas leaks (soap emulsion or special devices are used for this purpose).
P O M N I T E!
The smell of gas occurs when leaking into the room. If the gas-air mixture ignites, an explosion and fire are possible.
If you smell gas, :
Close all valves at gas appliances and on the inlet gas pipeline;
Open windows and doors, ventilate the premises;
Call emergency service gas facilities by phone 104 .
Until the gas leak is fixed:
Light a fire, smoke;
Turn on and off electrical appliances, electric lighting and electric calls, use the internal telephone.
ATTENTION!
Failure to comply with the Safety Rules when using gas causes DANGER to life!
P O M N I T E!
About his personal responsibility not only for the life and property of his loved ones, but also to neighbors and other citizens. Your safety is in your hands!
One of the main sources of energy today is gas. It is characterized by high combustion temperature, environmental priorities and low cost. However, blue fuel is fraught with danger. When mixed with air, it becomes explosive.
Gas is widely used in the production of numerous polymer products, and serves as an energy supplier for heating commercial facilities. We constantly encounter its use in everyday life, therefore it is very important to follow the rules for operating gas equipment in residential buildings.
How to use gas appliances correctly and what to do is strictly prohibited, you will learn from the article we have proposed. Here you will find information on how to act in case of a gas leak, how often and who should check gas equipment, for what violations the gas service can turn off the supply of blue fuel.
According to the rules for the operation of gas equipment installed in residential buildings, all consumers of natural gas must monitor proper work gas appliances.
It is the responsibility of homeowners to check the ventilation and chimney, as well as to organize access to the premises where the equipment belonging to the local GorGas structure is installed.
Liquefied gas, which is used in everyday life, is a mixture of butane and propane. The substance is colorless and odorless. To detect a leak, an odorant (ethyl mercoptan) is added to it, which makes the gas smell like a rotten egg.
General requirements for the operation of gas appliances:
- if there is a smell of gas in the room, the use of appliances, it is urgent to turn off the tap, open the window, leave the gassed room and call the gas emergency special service (it is forbidden to smoke, turn on the lights (!) and other electrical appliances);
- it is forbidden to independently and without permits gasify houses, repair gas equipment;
- it is unacceptable to seal ventilation ducts, pockets and “hatches” for cleaning chimneys, to transfer or “brick up” ventilation systems;
- it is forbidden to operate gas equipment with closed windows, lack of ventilation, as well as draft in the chimney;
- it is strictly forbidden to use the equipment for children under 14 years of age, persons in a state of intoxication, incapacitated, not familiar with the rules for operating gas appliances;
- leave unattended working devices;
- it is unacceptable to load the gas pipeline (attach ropes to it for drying clothes).
It is strictly forbidden to independently search for the source of the leak. If you smell gas in the room, then the first thing you need to do is turn off the blue fuel supply and turn off all electrical devices.
Urgently call a gas emergency gang or rescue service. Warn neighbors about the situation and leave the premises.
Requirements for the operation of a gas stove
Before using a gas stove, you should familiarize yourself with the rules for its safe operation.
The main conditions for the proper operation of a gas stove:
- the room in which food is prepared should be well ventilated;
- the operation of the stove must always be controlled (it is forbidden to leave an open flame unattended);
- after the end of operation, be sure to shut off the gas supply;
- before using the equipment, bring the flame source to the burner and only then turn on the blue fuel supply;
- The operation of the equipment should be stopped if: the flame is not visible in all openings, the color of the fire is different from bluish-violet, detachments of flames are observed.
The condition of the gas stove should be checked regularly (must be carried out by a gas service specialist). It is forbidden to repair the gas stove yourself.
It is forbidden to heat the room with a gas stove. It is also strictly forbidden to independently search for a leak with soapy water or open fire.
GOST 33998-2016 states that cleaning of all parts of gas cooking equipment should be as easy as possible. The use of dismantling tools is not permitted. After cleaning, all parts must be installed in their place.
Temperature controllers, taps and fuses must be installed in such a way as to ensure ease of maintenance and adjustment. Some parts cannot be dismantled by the user (nozzles). For this work, you need to call a specialist.
Norms for the use of a geyser
A prerequisite for the installation of equipment is the presence of an extract from the ceiling, which will ensure unhindered air access to the room.
Conditions for correct use:
- before using the device, you need to make sure that there is traction (checking is carried out with a lit match);
- be sure to open the window first;
- after the column is turned on, again you need to make sure that there is traction;
- control the water temperature;
- do not start the system unnecessarily;
- Do not allow children or untrained people near the equipment.
If there is insufficient traction, it is forbidden to use the column. Do not use the equipment with reverse thrust.
Sealing of the room where the equipment is installed is unacceptable. The gas cock must not be left open if the pilot burner is not lit. Need to follow up flow heater with a burning torch.
Ensuring the safe operation of the gas boiler
The igniter can be ignited in the presence of draft in the chimney. When it burns, you should open the tap on the main burner and light it. If the burner flame goes out, turn off the gas supply. Repeat all operations again. After switching on the burner, the draft must be rechecked.
Operation of a gas boiler with faulty automation is prohibited. To prevent carbon monoxide from entering the living room, you need to regularly check, the channels of which can become clogged with soot.
How to use gas boiler stipulated in, compliance with which is mandatory for all owners of autonomous heating systems.
The following conditions must be met:
- during operation of the equipment, the window must be open;
- before igniting the boiler, you need to open the chimney damper;
- check draft before ignition;
- regularly check the chimney (destruction of the masonry, frost and ingress of foreign objects can reduce draft).
Do not forget to prepare the equipment in advance for work in the cold season. In winter, when sharp fluctuations in temperature are not uncommon, you need to carefully monitor gas appliances in which a chimney is used to remove combustion products.
During snowfall, rain, fog, strong wind draft may disappear or reverse draft may appear, which leads to carbon monoxide entering the room and poisoning its occupants.
New rules for the use of gas in residential premises
All tenants apartment buildings are required to listen to a briefing on safety measures when operating gas equipment. The event is held after the conclusion of an agreement with representatives of GorGaz. Also, the briefing is repeated after each scheduled inspection.
Residents are obliged at any time to provide GorGaz employees with access to the premises where gas equipment is installed. Otherwise, you will have to pay a hefty fine. In the absence of residents in the house or apartment for more than 24 hours, it is imperative to turn off the gas supply valve.
Residents are required to:
- monitor the cleanliness of ventilation;
- before you start cooking, ventilate the room;
- do not install flammable furniture close to the stove.
If there is a smell of gas in the room, urgently turn off the tap, open the windows and call the emergency service.
According to the requirements of the housing code, to prevent accidents, possible leaks and failure of gas equipment, technical services conduct regular checks. The owner of the accommodation is obliged to provide employees with unhindered access to examine the condition of the devices.
For the safe operation of gas equipment available in residential buildings, test standards have been established. Gas stoves should be checked every three years, boilers and water heaters once a year. Faulty and obsolete equipment must be replaced in a timely manner.
Tenants are notified in advance in writing about the time of equipment inspection. This deprives the homeowner of the opportunity to challenge the violations identified as a result of the inspection.
During the inspection, experts must:
- check the tightness of the fasteners in the places of all joints;
- make sure that there are no leaks in places where the gas pipeline connects to the gas shut-off point (if necessary, a liquid pressure gauge can be used);
- make a visual inspection of the chimney and hood in residential buildings;
- check the quality of gas supply to stoves and water heaters;
- if necessary, adjust the intensity of the supply of blue fuel;
- check the operation of automation and electronic devices.
In case of detection of serious violations, the service organization repairs the equipment, sections of the pipeline. If breakdowns and emergencies occurred due to the fault of the owners, the gas supply may be stopped.
Other possible reasons shutdown of gas supply:
- the user independently carried out the installation of gas equipment (additional equipment);
- upon detection of malfunctions (poor ventilation, lack of exhaust, insufficient gas concentration);
- illegal connection to the gas supply network;
- an emergency has occurred;
- during the repair of gas communications or equipment;
- in the absence of an agreement with the gas service;
- the debt for the used blue fuel exceeds two settlement periods;
- the consumer does not transmit data on the actual volume of gas used and interferes with the work of regulatory authorities;
- equipment is used that is not specified in the contract.
20 days before disconnecting from the gas supply, the consumer must be informed by the gas service with which he has concluded. The notice must come in writing with detailed explanation reasons.
Total shutdown of gas per month for the purpose of carrying out repair work- 4 hours. If this condition is violated, for each extra hour the amount of payment for blue fuel should be reduced by 0.15%.
In case of an emergency shutdown, the gas can be shut off without warning for a maximum of a day. Gas is supplied within 48 hours. If the gas is turned off for a subscriber for non-payment, the first notification is sent to him 40 days in advance, and the second 20 days before the disconnection.
Due to the fact that gas is a flammable combustible substance, increased requirements are put forward for the operation of gas appliances. According to the new rules, the responsibility for the condition of gas equipment and ventilation lies with the owners and tenants of residential premises.
Residents are obliged at any time to provide access to employees of GorGaz and emergency services to the premises where the equipment is installed. In the event of a gas leak, immediately shut off the fuel supply, open the window and call the emergency service. It is forbidden to repair the leak and repair the equipment on your own.
If you have already been instructed, a check has taken place in your home, share your experience in the comments. Or maybe you are not satisfied with the work of GorGaz employees and you have your own opinion regarding the rules for operating gas equipment? Share your thoughts with readers in the form below.
Household gas is not only a boon for humans, but also a source of increased danger. Two types of natural gas are used in everyday life: main, which enters houses through pipes, and liquefied, sold in cylinders. Leakage of household gas may cause poisoning or cause an explosion. Therefore, in order to ensure your safety and not expose yourself and the lives of people around you to a mortal threat, remember and follow the rules for using gas and household gas appliances.
General rules for the use of gas, gas appliances and equipment:
Allow only qualified specialists to install, repair and check gas equipment;
Don't tie to gas pipes, equipment and faucets rope and do not dry things;
When taking readings from a household gas meter, it is impossible to highlight the dials with fire;
Do not leave unattended gas appliances running at night;
Do not turn the handle of the gas tap with keys or tongs, knock on burners, taps and counters with heavy objects;
Do not use gasified stoves and gas water heaters with weak draft in the chimney;
Keep children away from gas equipment;
Do not use rooms in which there are gas appliances for rest and sleep;
Adhere to the following sequence of switching on gas appliances: first light a match, and then supply gas;
For greater safety, make sure that household natural gas burns quietly, without gaps in the flame, which lead not only to the accumulation of carbon monoxide in the room, but also to damage to burners. The flame should be a violet-blue color, without a yellowish or orange tint.
An impressive part of household gas explosions and fires in residential buildings is the result of neglect of safety, ignorance of the elementary rules for using gas and negligence in handling liquefied gas cylinders. To avoid explosions of domestic gas and fires from the use of liquefied gas, remember the following rules:
Store the bottle with liquefied gas only in a vertical position in a ventilated room;
Spare filled and empty gas cylinders cannot be stored even temporarily in a residential area, as well as on evacuation passages in case of fire;
A gas cylinder can be installed in the house where the appropriate devices are installed, as well as on the street. At the same time, only one cylinder up to 55 liters or two no more than 27 liters each can be kept in a gasified room. Inside the house, a gas cylinder is located a meter from the stove, at least a meter from heating batteries and at least two meters from the stove door;
If the gas cylinder is defective, do not repair it yourself, but take it to a workshop;
Before replacing the gas cylinder, make sure that the valves of the full and spent cylinders are tightly closed. After replacement, for greater safety, apply a soapy solution to all connections and make sure they are tight;
Do not replace the gas cylinder if there is a flame in the room and electrical appliances are on;
When finished working with gas, do not forget to close the cylinder valve.
When using domestic gas stoves, follow the safety rules above and the following tips:
Before using a new gas stove, carefully read the manufacturer's instructions;
To connect the cylinder to the stove, use a special rubber hose with markings. The hose must be secured with safety clamps. Its length should be no more than one meter. Do not pinch or stretch the gas hose;
Every time before use oven ventilate it by leaving the door open for a few minutes;
Use special rings for burners with high ribs when heating large pans with a wide bottom on the stove. They increase the flow required air for combustion and contribute to the outflow of combustion products;
Do not remove the burners of the gas stove and do not place dishes directly on the burner;
Do not leave the gas stove unattended.
Can't use electric ignition stoves if the burners are removed.
Do not flood the hob with liquids.
Reduce the flame after boiling the contents of the pot. By doing this, you will prevent the burners from flooding with food, besides, you will reduce the useless consumption of gas, which will save you money;
Keep your gas stove clean. When it is contaminated with food, the gas burns incompletely and with the release of carbon monoxide. Before taking care of the gas stove, disconnect it from the mains. It is advisable to wash the burners, their nozzles and other parts of the stove at least once a month with a soapy or weak soda solution;
Do not use the stove to heat the room;
Do not dry clothes in the oven or over gas stove burners.
If you smell gas in the room:
In the event of a gas leak, close the burners cooker and a valve on the gas supply pipe;
If there is a leak of household gas, in no case turn on the light and electrical appliances, unplug the phone from the outlet, do not light candles and matches, do not go out to other rooms where there is an open fire;
The gassed room must be ventilated and the emergency gas service called by phone.
If there is still a smell of gas after the room has been ventilated, it is possible that the flue gas is still leaking. Therefore, you need to take people out of the house, warn the neighbors and wait for the arrival of the emergency gas service on the street.
First aid for household gas poisoning:
Immediately take the person with household gas poisoning to Fresh air;
If the person is breathing irregularly or not breathing at all, give artificial respiration;
Do not allow the gassed person to eat;
Call an ambulance or take him to the infirmary.
In conclusion, we would like to remind you that violation of the rules for the use of gas can lead to an explosion of domestic gas, which entails the collapse of part or all of the building, fires, serious injuries and deaths. Therefore, people who violate them are liable under Article 94 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 95 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Violations. The safety of you, your loved ones and neighbors depends on your correct and timely compliance with the rules for using household gas and gas appliances.
Source: www.83.mchs.gov.ru
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Household gas is not only a boon for humans, but also a source of increased danger. Two types of natural gas are used in everyday life: main, which enters houses through pipes, and liquefied, sold in cylinders. Home gas leak may cause poisoning or cause an explosion. Therefore, in order to secure safety and not expose yourself and the lives of people around you to a mortal threat, remember and observe rules for the use of gas and household gas appliances.
General rules for the use of gas, gas appliances and equipment:
allow for installation, repair and inspection gas equipment only qualified specialists;
do not bind to gas pipes, equipment and taps ropes and do not dry things;
taking testimony household gas meter you can not highlight the dials with fire;
do not leave unattended and working gas appliances at night;
can't turn the knob gas tap keys or tongs, knock on burners, taps and counters with heavy objects;
do not use gasified stoves and gas water heaters with weak draft in the chimney;
do not allow children to gas equipment;
do not use rooms in which there are gas appliances for rest and sleep;
adhere to the following sequence of switching on gas appliances: first light a match, and then supply gas;
for more security see to it household natural gas burned quietly, without gaps in the flame, which lead not only to the accumulation of carbon monoxide in the room, but also to damage to burners. The flame should be a violet-blue color, without a yellowish or orange tint.
An impressive part in residential buildings is a consequence of neglect security, ignorance of elementary gas usage rules and negligence in handling liquefied gas cylinders. To avoid household gas explosions and fires from use of liquefied gas remember the following regulations:
store the liquefied gas cylinder only in an upright position in a ventilated area;
spare filled and empty gas cylinders cannot be stored even temporarily in a residential area, as well as on evacuation passages in case of fire;
a gas cylinder can be installed in the house where the appropriate devices are installed, as well as on the street. At the same time, only one cylinder up to 55 liters or two no more than 27 liters each can be kept in a gasified room. Inside the house gas bottle located a meter from the stove, at least a meter from heating batteries and at least two meters from the stove door;
if gas bottle defective, do not repair it yourself, but hand it over to the workshop;
before replacement gas bottle make sure that the valves of the full and spent cylinders are tightly closed. After replacing for more security apply a soapy solution to all connections and make sure they are tight;
do not replace gas bottle if there is a flame in the room and electrical appliances are turned on;
When you have finished working with gas, do not forget to close the cylinder valve.
Taking advantage household gas stoves, stick safety rules above and the following tips:
before using a new gas stove, carefully read the manufacturer's instructions;
to connect the cylinder to the stove, use a special rubber hose with markings. The hose must be secured with safety clamps. Its length should be no more than one meter. Do not pinch or stretch the gas hose;
each time before using the oven, ventilate it by leaving the door open for a few minutes;
use special rings for burners with high ribs when heating large pans with a wide bottom on the stove. They increase the inflow of the necessary air for combustion and contribute to the outflow of combustion products;
do not remove burners gas stove and do not place the dishes directly on the burner;
Do not leave gas stove unattended.
do not use the electric ignition of the stove if the burners are removed.
do not fill the working surface of the stove with liquids.
reduce the flame after boiling the contents of the dishes. By doing this, you will prevent the burners from flooding with food, besides, you will reduce the useless consumption of gas, which will save you money;
keep your gas stove clean. When it is contaminated with food, the gas burns incompletely and with the release of carbon monoxide. Before taking care of the gas stove, disconnect it from the mains. It is advisable to wash the burners, their nozzles and other parts of the stove at least once a month with a soapy or weak soda solution;
do not use the stove to heat the room;
Do not dry clothes in the oven or over gas stove burners.
If you smell gas in the room:
at domestic gas leak turn off the stove burners and the tap on the gas supply pipe;
if it happened gas leak, in no case do not turn on the light and electrical appliances, unplug the phone from the socket, do not light candles and matches, do not go out into other rooms where there is an open fire;
the gassed room must be ventilated and the emergency gas service called by phone.
If you still smell gas after ventilating the room, it is possible that gas leak continues. Therefore, you need to take people out of the house, warn the neighbors and wait for the arrival of the emergency gas service on the street.
First aid for household gas poisoning:
immediately remove the person who has household gas poisoning, to fresh air;
if the person is breathing irregularly or not breathing at all, give artificial respiration;
do not allow gassed take food;
call an ambulance or take him to the first-aid post.
In conclusion, I would like to remind you that the violation gas usage rules may cause a household gas explosion, resulting in the collapse of part or all of the building, fires, serious injury or death. Therefore, people who violate them are liable under Article 94 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 95 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Violations. Safety you, your relatives and neighbors depends on the correct and timely performance by you rules for the use of household gas and gas appliances.
Ksenia Balashevich
10.2. Safety when using gas
Natural gas and products of its combustion
Natural gas and some products of its combustion are toxic. The basis of domestic natural gases is methane (CH4). In the most common
gases, its share is usually 75–98.5%, the amount of higher hydrocarbons is insignificant - up to 2–3%. These gases may contain small quantities carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, and hydrogen sulfide. Natural gases that do not contain hydrogen sulfide are low toxic.
The cylinders use liquefied petroleum gas, which, unlike natural gas, along with saturated hydrocarbons (36–50%), mainly methane, contains 28–48% unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethylene, propylene), 6–14% hydrogen, 1.5 % carbon dioxide and up to 8% nitrogen.
Signs of suffocation (asphyxia) begin to be detected at a concentration of methane in the air of 25–30%. Inhalation of air with 0.25–1% carbon dioxide leads to changes in the functions of external respiration and blood circulation, a concentration of 2.5–5% causes headache, heart palpitations, increased blood pressure, etc. A high content of CO2 causes death from stopping breathing (at a concentration of 20% death
comes in a few seconds).
From a toxicological point of view, during the operation of gas equipment, the most dangerous effect on the human body is carbon monoxide (CO). This gas is assigned to the fourth hazard class. The following norms of the maximum permissible concentration are established for it.
Tractions: in the air of the working area during the working day - 20.0 mg/m3; in atmospheric air, the maximum single dose is 5.0 mg/m3; the average daily dose is 3.0 mg/m3.
Gas supply systems and rules for their operation
In our country, most residential buildings are gasified, they are supplied with main natural gas, and in rural areas, where about 40% of the population lives, with liquefied (cylinder) gas.
The use of hydrocarbon compounds in everyday life has its own specific features, due to their fire and explosive properties and toxicity. For timely detection of leaks, gases are subjected to odorization, they are given a specific smell, by which they are easy to detect even at low concentrations in indoor air. Natural gas having a lower concentration limit ignition in a mixture with air of 1.6-3% of the volume, and the top one - 8.8-32%, is felt in indoor air at a concentration of 0.32%. The smell of liquefied gases should be felt even at a lower concentration. It must be remembered that mixtures of gases with air can flare up and explode not only from open fire, but also from sparks cut out by impacts or friction of metal objects, etc. It should also be borne in mind that combustible gases are 1.5–2 times heavier than air, therefore, in the event of a leak, they accumulate in low places and, in calm weather, can remain there for a long time.
The gas supply system of residential buildings consists of a gas pipeline network, a gas meter and gas-consuming devices (gas household stoves, water heaters, etc.).
V. A. Makashev, S. V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of a man-made nature and protection against them: a textbook"
The gas pipeline is laid openly along the walls; when laying the internal gas pipeline, it is not allowed to cross window and doorways, as well as its passage through living rooms.
If the gas pipeline is laid parallel to open electrical wiring insulated wires or an electric cable, the distance between them must be at least 25 cm, and when crossing hidden electrical wiring or electrical wiring laid in a pipe, a clearance of at least 10 cm is required. leave a gap of 1 cm at the intersection of the mains and gas pipeline.
The installation of liquefied gas cylinders in accordance with the safety rules in the gas industry is provided both outside and inside a residential building. Cylinders are installed inside a residential building in the same rooms as gas appliances. Directly in the kitchen, it is possible to find no more than one cylinder with a capacity of up to 55 liters or no more than two cylinders with a capacity of 27 liters each, one of them is a spare. Spare cylinders are stored outside the residential building. It is forbidden to place them in the aisles, corridors, on escape routes, in the underground and basements.
Many fires in residential buildings occur as a result of the explosion of cylinders due to their unacceptable heating, during which the pressure inside the cylinder quickly increases. Often such cases occur in winter, when icy cylinders are placed near heating appliances, lowered into hot water, warmed with an open fire, etc. To avoid this, the distance from the cylinder to the gas floor stove should be at least 1 m, to the furnace door of the furnace (with using stove heating), if the cylinder is opposite it, - at least 2 m. When installing a screen that protects the cylinder from heating, the distance between the cylinder and heating device can be reduced to 0.5 m. Do not place the cylinder in places where it can be directly exposed to sunlight. The air temperature in the room where the gas cylinders are located should not exceed +45°C.
Household gas cylinders are recommended to be placed outside the residential building in lockable metal cabinets with ventilation grills or under lockable metal casings that cover upper part cylinder and reducer, which, in order to exclude access by unauthorized persons, are kept locked. The outer metal cabinet is intended for the installation of two cylinders with a capacity of 50-80 liters each. Cabinets for cylinders are placed on a solid fireproof base at least 10 cm high, excluding subsidence.
The distance from the cylinders located at the wall of the building to the doors and windows of the basement floors must be at least 3 m; to the doors and windows of the first floor - at least 0.5 m; to sewer wells, basements and other recesses - at least 3 m.
The use of liquefied gas cylinders without a pressure regulator (reducer) is not allowed.
The internal volume of the kitchen must be at least 4 m3 for each burner of the gas stove, the ceiling height cannot be lower than 2.2 m. The window in the kitchen must have a window or transom for ventilation, it also provides exhaust ventilation with channel section 13x13 cm.
A gas stove should be installed correctly in the kitchen: the distance from the combustible wall should be at least 15 cm, with the obligatory protection of the wooden wall from fire; with a plastered wall, the indent should be at least 7 cm.
The operation of flow-through high-speed water heaters and automatic gas water heaters(AGV). Water heaters are designed to receive hot water, AGV - for heating and simultaneous production of hot water.
V. A. Makashev, S. V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of a man-made nature and protection against them: a textbook"
AT most common in everyday life AGV-80 and AGV-120. These devices contain fire chambers where the gas burns, their walls can be heated to high temperatures. Combustible materials may ignite if they come into contact with them.
AT hot water column the block valve has a double blockage, so the gas supply to the burner is possible only after the water from the water supply fills the coil and the heater and the igniter is lit. If the flame goes out, the block valve valve stops the gas supply to the burner. In this case, gas leakage into the room is excluded.
AT AGV gas supply adjustment is carried out automatically, and the water temperature is maintained using temperature controllers that regulate the termination or resumption of gas supply to the main burner when the igniter is constantly running.
Geysers must be necessarily connected to chimneys (gas ducts), and AGVs can have an independent chimney to remove gas combustion products.
Hot water geysers can also be installed in the kitchen, where there is a gas
stove, provided that the volume of the kitchen is 4 m3 more than the volume of the room required for the operation of a gas stove with an appropriate number of burners. Water heaters of the AGV type are installed in rooms with chimneys and ventilation ducts in the presence of a window with a window or transom. The volume of the room for AGV should be at least 6
m3, and when installed in the kitchen - 6 m3 exceed the volume of the kitchen required to install a gas stove.
When installing a water heater on a plastered wooden wall in accordance with fire safety requirements, a gap between the column body and the wall is 30 cm (on fireproof walls - 20 cm).
Gas Safety Rules
To ensure the safe operation of the domestic gas economy, it is necessary to strictly follow the basic safety rules.
Installation of a house gas economy can be carried out by a person who has special training and the right to carry out work on the installation of a gas network and appliances. Unauthorized installation, rearrangement, repair of gas appliances is strictly prohibited.
The operation of the gas network and gas appliances is possible only after they are accepted into operation by specialists of the local gas management organization with the participation of the owner of the house or apartment and the preparation of relevant documents.
All gas equipment of the house (apartment) must be registered and serviced by the operational service of the gas economy.
Gas can only be used by persons who have been instructed and know how to handle gas appliances. Young children should not be allowed near gas appliances.
Only serviceable gas appliances are allowed to operate. Burner bodies and dividers must be kept clean, cleaned monthly of carbon deposits with soapy water or special solutions.
Lit gas appliances, except for water heaters, must not be left unattended. It is forbidden to use a gas stove and a water heater for heating and space heating.
If you smell gas, turn off all gas appliances, open the vents (windows) and call the emergency service.
To install a gas leak, you should use only a soapy solution, which wets the joints on pipelines, a cylinder. For these purposes, you can not use burning candles, matches, etc.
V. A. Makashev, S. V. Petrov. "Dangerous situations of a man-made nature and protection against them: a textbook"
In the event of an increase in pressure in the network, in the event of a sudden cessation of the gas supply or abnormal burning of the flame, you must immediately turn off all working gas appliances and proceed with troubleshooting.
Before using a geyser, water heater, AGV and other gas appliances with a chimney, you should make sure that there is draft in smoke channel with a burning torch. In the absence of traction, the use of a gas appliance is prohibited.
At the end of using the gas appliance, it is imperative to close the taps both on the switchboard of the stove and on the gas pipeline.
In case of gas poisoning, the victims must be assisted. They need to be taken out of the gassed room, freed from the restrictive parts of clothing, given strong tea or coffee and call an ambulance. Before the arrival of the doctor, the victims need to be warmed (overlaid with heating pads, etc.); if breathing is disturbed, it is useful to give oxygen; in the absence of breathing, artificial respiration should be done immediately.