Finishing 

Roofing for the house: varieties of designs and the best materials. How to choose roofing materials for a roof: prices, types and advice from practitioners Types of roofing for houses and cottages

We have successfully said goodbye to the period of global deficit. We managed to fade in the memory of the times when those who wish to equip Vacation home or a dacha had to choose between slate and roofing material. The number of variants of domestic coatings has significantly increased.

Their ranks are persistently pressed by foreign products, which seduce with undeniable technical and aesthetic advantages. In order not to get lost in the "forest" of trade offers, when choosing material for roofing, you should familiarize yourself with characteristic features requested types.

The buyer's natural dream is a beautiful roof that hasn't called for repair in fifty years, at a price below the expected limit. This utopia is tenderly cherished by the romantics of the building materials segment. The average consumer silently resigned himself to the fact that you have to pay for long-term operation and presentability. Moreover, everyone is well aware that by purchasing expensive material, they significantly save on current and major repairs.

Price is not an issue for those who have the necessary amount. But the lack of funds makes you pay attention to cheap options. Especially if the laying of a new coating is required to be carried out in an emergency manner. However, even when choosing an inexpensive material, you can consider the prospect of its further use as a waterproofing or base for the subsequent laying of a more attractive coating.

If you do not put questions of cost on the right flank, then consumers are interested in slightly different criteria:

  • Decorative indicators.
  • Operational and technical pluses and minuses. These include wear resistance, weather resistance, guaranteed and real term services.
  • Ease of installation, the specifics of the construction of the base under the coating and the subtleties of the laying process, which pretty much occupy independent home craftsmen.
  • Maintainability, including the ability to carry out current operations to restore the roof with your own hands.
  • Convenience of transportation with a minimum amount of damaged material during its movement to the site.

Let's analyze the rigid types of roofing presented on the market today, taking into account the listed consumer issues. Parsing is a separate issue. For convenience, we divide rigid representatives into groups according to structural parameters and stacking methods.

Natural and artificial stone

Roof coverings created from natural or artificial stone belong to the category of piece materials. They are painstakingly fastened with separate tiles or sheets to the wooden crate of the pitched truss systems. The materials differ in considerable mass, although within the "stone" class there are variations in specific gravity. For the most part, they significantly increase the weight of the equipped home. In connection with this circumstance, the presence of a powerful foundation and load-bearing walls capable of holding a heavy stone roof is predetermined.

Slate tiles or natural slate

Slate roofing is made by diligently breaking off individual sheets from monolithic blocks of shale. They are pricked along lamellar and elongated minerals. The labor-intensive process of dividing natural raw materials into tiles is included in the cost of the material, so it is difficult to classify it as a budget coating.

Slate tiles differ in size and shape, thickness can be from 3 to 9 mm. Differences in size and natural stone surface gives the finished roof, built on the principle of fish scales, originality. The color of the plates depends on the place where the shale blocks are mined. Often dark gray tiles are on sale, material with a greenish and brownish tint is less common.


Technical and operational advantages are determined by the high density of the rock pressed in natural conditions, including:

  • Minimum water absorption, characteristic of a material with a small amount of pores.
  • Frost resistance, closely related to the ability to keep water out. Since water does not penetrate into the thickness of the shale, it means that it will not be able to destroy the plates, turning into frost into ice.
  • Excellent insulating qualities.
  • Inert to UV and chemical aggression.
  • The hardness of real stones. The material cannot be pierced, it is difficult to damage it with a blow.
  • Fire resistance.
  • Minor values ​​of thermal linear expansion.

The list of disadvantages includes the price, a difficult laying technology that requires the participation of experienced roofers, and the weight that forces the foundation and rafter structure to be strengthened. The step of the crate is marked according to the dimensions of the plates. Slate tiles are laid in rows on pitched roofs of any architecture, taking into account the prevailing winds. The optimal slope slope is 35-45º.

To install the roof covering with a slope of less than 22º, a continuous crate with a waterproofing carpet is arranged. The tiles are fixed with copper nails in the grooves formed by the manufacturer.


The service life of slate coatings is calculated in centuries. The stone tolerates transportation well. The owner will replace the tile torn off by a heavy wind with his own hands without any problems.

Good old ceramic tiles

Roofing ceramics are obtained by sintering finely dispersed kaolin clay pressed into molds with mineral additives. As a result, ordinary and shaped shards with specified dimensions and stone hardness are obtained. Adherents of clay tiles have at their disposal 14 options for the profile of tiles, for each of which ridge, through passage, cornice, valley and other extensions are specially produced. The selection of the profile depends on the angle of inclination of the roof slopes.

The color of the material is determined by the composition of the pigments introduced during the manufacture and the firing temperature. You can buy a ceramic coating from a grayish-yellow hue to a brick-brown color with a matte or glossy outer side. The effectiveness of tiled roofs is simply undeniable.

The list of “stone” priorities is complemented by tiles with their own merits, these are:

  • The ability to pass household fumes.
  • Weight, lighter than slate tiles.
  • Possibility to reuse dismantled ceramics.

An impressive minus of the material is fragility, upsetting installers and carriers. I am not happy with the price of extensions, which significantly increase the cost of the roof covering kit.

When arranging insulated roofs with high slopes, a diffusion membrane is laid under the tiles. The step of the batten is calculated so that one tile rests on two battens. For laying on low slopes, a continuous crate is constructed, which is covered with welded waterproofing. The limit marks for the degrees of low and high slopes depend on the type of profile.

The shards are laid freely, catching the spike on the back side of the lath. However, roofers are advised to additionally screw the tiles with copper wire. Shaped parts are fixed with screws or clamps. An impeccably laid tile has been serving for more than a century, and you can replace a damaged element in the current mode yourself.

Sand and cement tiles

Produce concrete tiles by pouring into molds cement-sand mortar. When hardened, it turns into fake diamond required configuration. The outer side is equipped with a mineral granulate or an acrylic shell to protect the tiles from atmospheric attacks. Concrete tiles are produced in a variety of profile shapes and colors. True, the palette is inferior to the color range of ceramics.

Specific Features:

  • The material is lighter and cheaper than traditional tiles, but the tiles are thicker.
  • Thermal linear expansion is characteristic, which must be taken into account during installation.
  • Quite massive elements require a clear alignment of the truss system. Deviations in the plane of the rafter legs should not exceed 2 mm per meter.

Concrete tiles are suitable for arranging pitched roofs. Valleys and overhangs are reinforced with strips of roofing steel. The step of the crate is determined according to the type of profile and the steepness of the slopes. If the angle of inclination is less than 16º, a continuous crate and a waterproofing carpet made of a diffusion membrane are arranged. For fastening, galvanized self-tapping screws or roofing nails are required.

Care must be taken during transportation and installation, as bituminous tiles are breaking. Attempts to restore them are meaningless. Roof repair is carried out by the usual method for any tile.

The desire of the developers to make the piece concrete roof more similar to the ceramic prototype gave rise to the idea of ​​replacing Portland cement with a polymer component. This is how a polymer-sand piece coating with thinner and more impact-resistant elements appeared. The color scheme is richer, the price is slightly higher. Mounted and repaired by analogy with concrete tiles.

The "slate" family

Sheet corrugated slate is still in demand in low-rise construction. Its popularity is justified affordable price and acceptable service life. It is made by molding a mixture of Portland cement with asbestos diluted with water. In the production of foreign brands, metal gaskets are used to ensure the accuracy of the geometry of the waves. You can get rid of the dull gray color of the coating by staining.

In addition to the standard stone pluses, the slate piggy bank includes:

  • Convenient sheet area for installers, which reduces labor costs for the device of the crate and fastening of the elements.
  • Light weight compared to stone counterparts.
  • Large corrugated profile, facilitating the effort of joining and aligning the sheets.

The disadvantages include insufficient water resistance. Daily testing of the coating for strength by heavy rain ends with getting wet with the possibility of leaks. The material is fragile, a hole in it can be left by a roofer's foot stepping on a wave and a weighty stone.

The coating is laid on top of the bituminous waterproofing, directing the waves along the slopes. The base can be a wooden truss system or steel beams. They are fastened to the laths with nails or screws with a rubber sealing washer. The wave of the last sheet plays the role of a guide when laying the next one. To replace a damaged element, the fasteners of adjacent sheets are loosened, the screws of the defective sheet are unscrewed, and it is dismantled. After replacement, all loose points are tightened again.

Those wishing to equip a roof with high slopes have a reason to purchase asbestos slate without waves. Roofing will resemble noble slate tiles, but cost much less. Adherents of colored roofs are offered an asbestos-free member of the slate family. It is made from fiber reinforced Portland cement. And there was also a bituminous soft fellow - Euroslate.

Materials for metal roofing

Metal roofing is a generalized technical term for a number of coatings in demand in construction. The construction uses rolled or sheet roofing steel, profiled steel sheets. The most popular now is roofing steel with a protective and decorative polymeric sheath. Although there are lovers of roofs, canopies, canopies made of unpretentious galvanized metal. Adherents of durable coatings prefer roofing aluminum, an alloy of titanium with zinc and copper, which acquires an elegant patina over the years.

Lay metal coatings on pitched roofs with a steepness of 5º or more. When arranging pitched roofs, snow retainers must be installed to prevent snow avalanches. The basis for a metal roof can be a wooden truss system with a crate made of a bar or board, steel beams with a welded or screwed to it profile pipe. Before installing a light metal roof, there is no need to strengthen building structures.


Roll and sheet roofing steel

In roofing, hot-rolled and cold-rolled rolled and sheet steel are used. Hot rolled material is cheaper. Steel strips and sheets are connected on the ground with seam seams. The roofing modules-cards obtained as a result of folding are lifted to the object, where they are already connected to each other by a standing seam. Standing, it is also a vertical fold is performed in longitudinal seams, recumbent, it is also horizontal - in transverse joints. Ideally, the number of transverse seams should be kept to a minimum because they are not completely airtight.

Benefits of seam roofs:

  • Almost flawless tightness, the highest in comparison with famous species coatings.
  • A light weight.
  • Absence of overlaps - areas of potential danger of leakage.
  • Possibility to lay roof covering of complex geometrical configuration, including vaulted and arched structures.
  • Fire spread resistance.

Among the minuses, the most significant are considered low insulating qualities. Therefore, when arranging the roofs of residential buildings, insulation is unquestioningly used. Poorly mounted metal roofs are noisy, so it is advisable to entrust their installation to experienced performers. If the base is even and the parts are fixed according to the rules, it will not rattle from gusts of wind.

Seam roofs are built along a crate installed in increments of 20 cm. It is impossible to fasten the laths less often, otherwise the roar will disturb. On the cornices and in the grooves, a continuous boardwalk is arranged. Fastening to the crate is carried out by floating devices - clamps, which provide the metal with the opportunity to move freely when heated. The transportation process is not a concern. Minor holes in the metal coating can be patched with your own hands.

Cards for the construction of aluminum, zinc-titanium and copper roofs are fastened by folding, under which a continuous crate is constructed from a board, moisture-resistant plywood, OSB panels, etc. The advantages of non-ferrous metals include external aristocracy and long service life.

Profiled metal deck

Profiling - the formation of corrugations and waves gives sheet metal additional rigidity and provides ventilation to the under-roof space. Profiled roof coverings differ among themselves in the type and size of the profile. They produce corrugated board in the form of large sheets and small modules, made of galvanized steel, aluminum, copper. In order to increase operational and decorative performance, the outer side is coated with polymers or mineral granules.

Advantages of profiled metal:

  • Dimensions to minimize the number of butt welds.
  • Extensive color palette.
  • Easy installation.
  • Attractive price.
  • The ability to use as a base for laying a more presentable coating in the future.

The corrugated board is attached to a wooden or metal crate. The sheets are overlapped, the extreme corrugation serves as a guide. Fix the coating with screws with hexagonal heads with the obligatory use of a rubber sealing washer.

During transportation, it is undesirable to crush the sheets so as not to damage the outer protective and decorative layer. Although it is equipped with a film, it can peel off. In the process of attaching sheets to the crate, it is recommended to move along the boards laid across several corrugations. If you have to step on the coating, it is better to do it in a lower profile.

Decking does not require repair for an average of 7 years, after which it should be painted at intervals of 2-3 years. Repaired as expected metal roofs. Sheets with more than 30% damage must be replaced.

Metal tile - a type of corrugated board

Metal tiles - a variation on the theme of profiled sheet. The difference is that in addition to longitudinal waves, it also has transverse steps. The material is produced with a subset of extensions. easy, but quite labor intensive. The downside is that it is preferable to cover roofs with simple geometry with it. When arranging hip and tent structures, there is too much waste.

Roofing made of light-conducting plastics

From transparent or matte plastic, light roofs are constructed over verandas, gazebos, terraces, awnings are arranged over the porch and the upper shell of anti-aircraft lamps. Flexible material suitable for creating arched ceilings. Supplied in sheets and panels.

The family of roofing plastics includes:

  • Cellular or cellular polycarbonate, divided inside the sheet into two, three, four tiers of longitudinal channels-cells. It is fastened to a metal or wooden crate with self-tapping screws with sealing and insulating washers. The sheets are interconnected by polymer or aluminum profiles.
  • Profiled PVC, outwardly resembling corrugated board. It is laid by analogy, fastened with screws with thermal washers.
  • Polyester with fiberglass reinforcement. Inexpensive roll coating is used in the arrangement of large objects. Examples of private use: greenhouses, winter gardens, swimming pools.

Plastics perfectly tolerate the entire list of atmospheric phenomena. Installed quickly and easily repaired. There is practically no rejection after transportation. When fastening, it is necessary to take into account the ability to expand with increasing temperature.

Roofs made of shingles and shingles

The low fire resistance of piece plates, pricked from coniferous wood, does not always stop eco-style advocates. The elements are laid like tiles on a wooden crate, designed so that one shingle rests on three laths at once. The result is a three-layer coating capable of releasing household fumes to the outside. The most popular is the Siberian larch wood flooring.

In the presented review of hard types of roofing for arranging the roofs of private houses, we described some of the materials most often used by the owners of country estates. In reality, there are many more options. Moreover, their ranks are replenished with enviable regularity.

The roof is a structure that serves as the end of the house in its upper part.

Roof construction is one of the most important points in the process of building a house. When installing a roof, it is very important to follow the technology of roof installation, the violation of which can lead to trouble: heat loss, leakage or even distortion and destruction of the entire roof frame. In order for the roof to cope with its protective functions, it must be properly built.

The roof is an essential element of any building. Regardless of the type of roof and the materials from which it is made, this design must be durable and perform its main functions. The main purpose of each roof is to protect the building from any bad weather, and in case attic floor- serve as a high-quality hydro- and heat insulator.

Designed in accordance with the expected loads and architectural features of the building, the roof structure will not only decorate the structure, but also provide it with reliable protection. The more carefully the roof device is thought out and the calculations of the parameters of the constituent elements of its design are performed more accurately, the more practical it will be in the course of further operation.



Scheme of the device of a roof from a metal tile

Based on the slope of the roofing system, they can be pitched or flat. The latter are installed horizontally or with a slope not exceeding 3%. Pitched roofs consist of inclined planes intersecting their tops - slopes.

The slope of such roofs is calculated based on the roofing material used. So, when the roof is covered with ceramic tiles, the slope is determined by the ratio 1:2, and if it is covered with metal tiles - 1:3 (L = 16). Roofs with a slope angle of 15% or more are classified as steep, up to 15% - gentle.

What parts does the roofing system of buildings consist of?

Regardless of the features of the structure on which the installation of the roof is planned, its structure is assembled from the following main elements:

  • Mauerlat;
  • rafter system;
  • crate;
  • waterproofing;
  • thermal insulation;
  • vapor barrier;
  • roofing material.


Roof system design

Mauerlat acts as a solid foundation for roof construction. This is the upper trim of beams made of wood or reinforced concrete. The bars must be firmly fixed to the walls of the structure. The upper surface of the beams or wooden logs must be horizontal, since the rest of the structural elements will be mounted on it in the future. To protect the wood of the beams from moisture, several layers of roofing material can be laid on them.

It is the most important part of the roof structure, determining its shape, as well as providing the necessary protection and stability to the entire building. Often, the features of this roof element determine its type and shape and allow you to create unique roofing systems. Rafters must withstand not only the effects of weather conditions, but also the total weight of the roof. Usually the size of the beam for the frames of the truss systems is 5x15 cm.

Important!

To evenly distribute the load, the rafter beams are reinforced with additional supports: spacers laid on the Mauerlat parallel to the rafters, vertical posts, inclined struts, as well as ridge and side runs located across the rafter beams.



The stability and strength of the roof depends entirely on its supporting structure - the truss system.

To fix the roofing material on the rafters, a crate of small planks or boards is laid. wooden boards located at a certain distance from each other, depending on the type of roofing material. If the roof is of a roll type, the step of laying the lathing should be no more than 1 cm. For metal tiles or polycarbonate sheets, a step of about 60 cm is optimal.

For waterproofing, namely protecting the roof from moisture penetration from the outside, a layer of a special film is used. It can be placed under the crate or on top of it, avoiding excessive tension and sagging of the layer. At the joints, the film sheets are overlapped with a size of 20 cm and firmly fixed with construction tape.

There is a large selection thermal insulation materials for roof insulation. They can be laid or sprayed between rafter beams without leaving gaps. Uneven distribution of insulation can adversely affect the quality of the thermal insulation layer and lead to a decrease in its performance.

Important!

To prevent the accumulation of excess moisture in the roofing system, it is necessary to install special gaps that provide sufficient ventilation.



Thermal insulation of the roof allows not only to make the house more comfortable and the microclimate in it healthy, but also to reduce energy costs by 30%.

To protect against the penetration of moisture into the roof from the inside of the structure, the insulation is covered with another layer of film. Special membrane films are designed in such a way as to absorb water vapor without letting it into the roof. Subsequently, the absorbed moisture gradually evaporates.

The topmost part and face of the roof is the roofing material. Sheets of metal tiles, slate, corrugated board, roofing steel are mainly used to cover the roof. Less often they make a roof from polycarbonate, ceramic tiles, glass.



Metal tile is a very popular material for creating a reliable roof for any building.

Types of roof structures depending on the shape

There are a wide variety of roofing options available. AT modern construction mainly pitched roofs are installed. Horizontal structures cannot fully protect the structure from adverse weather conditions. A lot of snow lingers on their surface, and during rain, moisture can seep into the building.



Pitched roof shapes

Pitched roofs differ in the number of sloped slopes. The simplest and most economical single pitch roof construction. The frame system of such a roof is mounted on the walls of the house with a certain slope, due to the fact that they have different heights. On the attic floor with such a roof, it will not be possible to equip a residential attic. Yes, and the building with such a roof looks rustic. Such polycarbonate roofs are often built on terraces, balconies, and verandas.



Design pitched roof is extremely simple

gable

Gable (gable) roofs are widely used in the construction wooden house in the suburbs or private buildings of small towns. Often it can also be used in summer cottages. 2 slopes of such a roof are interconnected by means of a ridge - a horizontally located rib. This type of roof is the most common and most practical. The space under such a roof, limited on the sides by parts of the walls of the structure, can be used as an attic or attic. The original look of the building can be given by installing slopes that differ in width or angle of inclination.



Gable roof- the most popular design in private construction

Varieties of hip roofs

A very reliable and durable design made in the European style is a hip roof (Dutch). Its frame consists of 4 slopes: 2 triangular, located instead of gables, and 2 trapezoidal slopes. The device of such a roof is a rather complicated and time-consuming process, but the result justifies the efforts made.

Advice!

Sometimes, in order to achieve a triangular shape on the unused part of the pediment, its lower part is covered with a slope. In this part, a window is usually mounted.

Even more difficult to perform is the semi-hip type of roofs. Such a roof has truncated triangular slopes located above the trapezoidal ones. In addition to additional attractiveness, it is characterized by high functional qualities. In addition, the half-hip design allows you to arrange a rather large window on the pediment.



Half-hip roofs - one of the most interesting options borrowed from northern European architecture

The hipped frame roof is also a type of hip type. It is formed by three or more slopes, with their tops connecting at the top at one point. The peculiarity of this roof is the absence of a ridge. Symmetrical triangular slopes create an impressive design in appearance. This type of roof is usually used in polygonal or square-shaped houses.

Multi-forceps design

For installation in polygonal structures, a multi-gable frame roof is suitable. This type of roof is a rather complex structure and requires a carefully thought out, precisely drawn up plan.



A multi-gable roof will require enormous physical and financial costs, but will delight the creators with the architectural beauty of the building.

For the device of a residential attic on the attic floor, a broken-type roof is installed. The fractures of its slopes have a significant angle of inclination, which ensures the formation of a large free space under the roof.



The broken roof structure allows you to increase the functionality of the building

Domed roof structure

Rounded roofs in the form of a cone or dome are not installed around the entire perimeter of the building. They cover such elements of the structure as decorative turrets or rounded terraces.



dome houses- a relatively new word in construction, quickly gaining popularity due to the use of an unconventional form

Combined roof options

Combined roof structures can combine a wide variety of frame types.

Combined roofing may include various elements hip roofs. The multi-gable design can be equipped with a large number of compact glass windows, small balconies, as well as polycarbonate verandas or terraces. Thus, they allow embodying the most daring and original design solutions. Their main disadvantage is complex installation and rather expensive maintenance.



Combined roofs - the most complex in structure

What type of roofing system to choose for a private house

In construction practice, a wide variety of types are used. Basically, the uplift of one or another type of roof depends on the wishes and financial capabilities of the owner of the house. Currently, it is possible to install the most unusual roofing systems: glass, metal, polycarbonate coverings, ceramic or metal tiles.

Giving preference to any type of roof, the owner of a private house thereby determines the features of the future frame truss system. It is also taken into account in what weather conditions the building will be located, how it is planned to use the attic space. If a residential attic is planned, the desired number of rooms in the space under the roof, as well as their purpose, are taken into account.



A flat roof is a fashionable architectural way of building a roof for country house which has a number of advantages and functional features

Roof covering materials

Various building materials are used to cover roof structures: rigid and bending, piece and in rolls, profiled and flat. Some use for roofing a small house, others for a multi-storey city building, and others for utility buildings.

Sheet roofing:

  • sheets of metal;
  • corrugated board;
  • ondulin (euro slate, aqualine);
  • slate;
  • copper seam sheets, as well as aluminum or steel.

Profiled sheet and metal tiles are valued primarily for their durability. Slate is a more budget option. Seam coating, unlike metal tiles, is more often used for sheltering industrial buildings.



Decking is one of the best building finishing materials in terms of price and quality ratio.

Soft types of materials:

  • flexible tiles. A multi-tweezer design is mainly mounted from it;
  • roll roofing (stekloizol, hydroizol);
  • membrane roofing (EPDM, TPO, PVC), such as polycarbonate sheets.

Piece materials:

  • ceramic tiles;
  • bulk (mastic);
  • slate roof.

In construction country houses polycarbonate covers are often mounted. Thanks to its features, the roof is durable and lightweight. This material is characterized by strength and lightness, transmits daylight and is an alternative to glass coatings. Polycarbonate roofing is used in the construction of terraces, mansards, verandas, greenhouses. Due to the presence of air chambers, polycarbonate sheets are highly soundproof and perfectly retain heat indoors. In addition, the cost of polycarbonate is lower than glass coatings.



Gazebo with a polycarbonate roof - very good option for installation in summer cottages of any size

Functions and types of roof eaves designs

The overhang of the cornice protruding beyond the perimeter of the walls of the house is designed to protect against precipitation. The elements of the cornice mask the line of connection of the inner surface of the roof slopes with the walls of the house and make the facade of the building complete.

Overhangs of the eaves are equipped on the sides of the building and from the side of its facade due to the protruding edges of the inclined slopes. The overhang of the side cornice is usually 50 cm, the front one is about 1 m.

To ensure the safety of the operation of the frontal cornice, it is necessary to responsibly approach the choice of materials.

Important!

An important point when finishing the cornice is the mandatory provision of sufficient ventilation, regardless of the type of design chosen and the size of the cornice.

In total, the number of ventilation holes should be within 1/400 of the area of ​​the interior space.



The roof cornice device provides an additional function of ventilation of the under-roof space

Types of roof frames

The roof frame system is an important load-bearing element of any building. Depending on the materials of manufacture, roof frames are divided into the following varieties:

  • frame structure concrete type used for the manufacture of flat or gently sloping single-slope systems, consists of special plates;
  • the roofing system of the truss type is a frame made of lumber. This option is ideal for mounting various kinds pitched roofs;
  • in houses industrial type it is advisable to install metal roof frames made of durable metal beams;

In the construction of private houses, a frame gable roof made of lumber is mainly used.

Important!

The roof frame is subjected to heavy loads during operation. To ensure the safety and reliable protection of the building, it must be as strong and of high quality as possible.



Construction of a frame house with a mansard multi-gable roof

For the construction of the roof of a multi-storey apartment building, metal or concrete shed structures are more often used.

The choice of the shape of the roof and the type of roofing material is largely determined by the features of the architectural configuration of the structure, weather conditions, the planned direction of water flow, as well as the individual preferences of the owner of the house. Regardless of the type of roof, if desired, it can be supplemented and old elements replaced with new ones.

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the content production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Lecturer in History and Theory of Culture. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.

Construction never stands still, and every year more and more high-quality roofing materials are invented. In this article you will find a description of the most famous of them. You can evaluate all the pros and cons of each of them and choose the right product for yourself.

What to look for when choosing a roofing material?

To date, the following types of roofing materials can be identified in construction:

  • . It is made of ceramics, metal, cement-sand base, bitumen
  • Asbestos cement sheets. They are flat or wavy. In construction, this material is often called slate. There are two types - standard and euroslate (ondulin)

  • Profiled metal sheets or just corrugated board

  • Sheets of metal different kind

  • Membrane roof


  • Ruberoid


When choosing a particular product, we often choose the best product, but what to look for when buying in a hardware store? Roofing materials, although they consist of different bases, have their own characteristics, so when choosing a purchase, you should look at them.

  • Maximum loads. There are two things to think about here. After all, conventionally, such loads can be disassembled into two types. One will show exclusively the mass of the structure itself, and the second indicator will show the mass of snow cover in winter period. It is located according to regulatory documents individually for each region of the country
  • The purpose of the building. It all depends on how the building will be used. For example, if the building is residential, then it is advisable to create a wooden truss system, in which there will be a certain number of slopes and lay all of them, say ondulin. But if the building is industrial, therefore, the roof will be either flat or with a slight slope, and they will fit
  • Service life and fire resistance. If you are a reasonable person, then you will never buy roofing material with a service life of a couple of years or use expensive products on temporary structures.

When you know warranty periods that manufacturers provide for their roofing materials for the roof, it is already easier to navigate. Therefore, I have described the term for the most common types.

  • Soft tiles can last you about 20 years
  • For a new metal tile, manufacturers are advised to come after 15 years. But here the real time may be less important, it's all about coating the product with polymers
  • Standard tiles serve, as a rule, up to 30 years. But in reality, it breaks down much faster. It's about its structure. Although manufacturers give a guarantee for frost resistance, it is almost impossible to change this material because in most cases the destruction occurs due to moisture vapor, but the company will not give a guarantee for this
  • The average "life" of slate is 10 years
  • Ondulin will last up to 15 years
  • Metal roofs occupy almost all time ranges, from 40 years to a century. Copper and its alloy with titanium is the most durable product known today. Only the price scares away, but if you compare it with the service life, then this is justified
  • The shelf life of slate as a roof is 40 years

IMPORTANT: The service life can be drastically reduced if the installation is incorrect or of poor quality, as well as when already damaged material is laid on the roof.

Most likely, this information will not be enough, and you want to consider in more detail all types of roofing materials for the roof, then let me tell you right now.

Ceramic or standard tiles

Roofing materials can be divided into types by cost, and this roofing will be one of the most expensive, but do not worry, the cost of roof tiles often compensates for their aesthetics and durability.

After all, clay is used as the basis in the production of this product. Finished plates have a mass of two kilograms.

Roofing made of tiles is very durable, while the manufacturer gives a fairly solid guarantee for such roofing materials.



The service life can be up to 150 years, but this is subject to use good materials in product manufacturing and quality assembly.

A ceramic roof can be laid in all types of buildings, whether they are made of brick, wood or rubble. The main thing is to get into the range of degrees of inclination. It is 25-60 about and is considered optimal in order to roofing with tiles were made as safely as possible, because materials with such a mass are somewhat demanding of themselves.

  • A roof structure with a slope of less than 22° requires additional ventilation and waterproofing measures.
  • The slope, which is in the range of 22-60 °, allows you to fasten the elements standard methods and materials
  • When the slope reaches 60 ° or more, then it is already worth fixing the roofing materials with screws, and you can find how this is done in the photo on the Internet or in our article

Each construction product has positive and negative qualities so there isn't much about it right now.

The advantages include:

  • Ease of installation work. Despite its severity, such a roof is very easy to install and does not require additional costs during the operation period. All maintenance costs will be associated only with the cleaning of the gutters and a professional preventive inspection.
  • High noise protection. Residents with such roofs claim that not even raindrops can be heard.
  • No possibility of corrosion
  • fire resistance
  • Frost resistance
  • A wealth of choice of colors and shapes
  • The material itself, due to its porous structure, allows you to remove a certain amount of moisture from the attic space.

The cons can be listed as follows:

  • Large mass of one element
  • Tiles are a fragile product
  • Additional costs will be required for the installation of reinforced crates and waterproofing
  • The cost is quite high

In addition to standard tiles, there is an analogue in construction, but only a cement-sand mixture is used as the main ingredient. Its use allows you to produce a product that is practically no different in appearance, but with a smaller mass. Judge for yourself, load on one square meter is approximately 30kg when the original product is all 60kg.

The composition is very simple and includes: sand, some iron oxides (as a dye), cement.

The optimal degree of the roof for the installation of this coating is a value of 20-60 o. The device and fasteners are made directly on the crate in rows. Nails are used as fasteners for dressing. To ensure safe operation, I advise you to use rafter legs with a minimum section of 50x150mm.

Cement and sand tiles are quite resistant to solar radiation and are frost-resistant, but, like the original, they are quite expensive and transportation is a difficult process.

Bitumen tiles

Flexible roofing materials separate shingles from bitumen. Such a product is created from fiberglass and polyester. This tile has a modest size of 100x30 cm, has a low weight of only 10 kg per 1 m 2, is quite plastic (you can fold it in half with your own hands) and, at the same time, is resistant to aggressive terrain conditions.


Such a roof is suitable for all types of roof structures, where the slope will be more than 12 o. It is popular with developers of cottages, private houses and on temporary structures - garages, gazebos.

Strength is the main positive quality this product. Due to its structure, transportation to any distance is possible without the risk of damage to the tiles. Local repair allows you to replace failed elements with new ones. It has a high level of sound absorption and eliminates the possibility of decay.

Bituminous tiles - a budget option when compared to its peers. It is highly flammable, making it unsafe. With prolonged exposure to sunlight, it loses its properties.

metal tile

In all types of buildings, due to their structure, the roof and its types differ. Some roofs have a simple structure and roofing materials used for this type may not be suitable for more complex structures. Metal tile is a unique product that allows you to use it on the roof with any complexity.

She doesn't care if it will shopping center or a small pavilion, residential high building or industrial.

Metal tile - galvanized steel in appearance similar to a ceramic counterpart.

As a rule, the surface of such a product is treated with polymeric compounds, which makes it look like noble roofing.

Its installation is carried out on roofs with a slope of more than 15 about. The technological process is quite simple and clear from the first minutes of work. Roofing screws are used as fasteners, which can be freely purchased at a hardware store.

If you are looking for cheap, strong and durable roofing materials, then this is your choice.

Its cost is about three times less than a standard tile, and the characteristics differ slightly.

The obvious advantages of such tiles include resistance to mechanical damage, low weight (3 kg per 1 m 2), and safety of transportation.

But here you can also highlight the bad qualities, and these are: low noise absorption and a large number of installation waste.

Asbestos-cement boards or corrugated slate

Slate is the most common material in old-style summer cottages. It is a composite material cement base and reinforced with asbestos fibers. To date, such sheets can be found in the form of a rectangular canvas with six waves. As a rule, its size is 120x70cm with a wave height of 2.8cm. Slate is a light material, and the load on the base is only 15kg/m 2 .


The work on laying this type of roofing material is overlapped, and nails with a wide hat are used as fasteners. Directly during the laying process, you should not save on a waterproofing layer, which is often used as roofing material or glassine.

To date, slate coating has faded into the background, but is still popular for use on temporary structures.

This is due to the ratio of price and quality, which allows you to quickly and without special costs create a roof, for example, on a barn or garage from gas silicate blocks.

  • The positive aspects include high strength characteristics, ease of dividing the product into individual elements, low cost.
  • The disadvantages include fragility, environmental hazard, unaesthetic appearance and susceptibility to the appearance of fungi on the surface of the slate.

Decking as a covering on temporary structures

As you already understood, the types of roofing can be completely different, and metal is used as one of the materials. When constructing the roofs of private houses, these materials are often a priority for developers. But what is causing this excitement? Everything is very simple because corrugated board is produced in completely different sizes and shapes, which allows the owners to realize the craziest idea. To date, three types of profiled sheets are distinguished - sinus-shaped, rounded and trapezoidal. Finding additional elements in the form of waves on the surface of the material not only simplifies the laying process, but also gives a certain touch of decor.

Decking is widely used on truss systems with a slope of 10 o. The device of sheets on the surface of the crate is made after laying the glassine layer. As fasteners, special self-tapping screws with rubber linings are used in order to create a good tightness. Their consumption, as a rule, is 8-10pcs/m 2 .

Docking of sheets occurs by the technique of "overlapping". The scope of this material is very wide, but most often it can be seen in factories, supermarkets, car washes, etc.

  • Ease of installation and low cost is an obvious plus, but at the same time, corrugated board has high strength and durability. Therefore, such a product can be considered very beneficial for roofing with limited budget and time.

Steel roof, made in the form of folds

Surely you know something about what roofing materials are for a roof, and you know that they all have an identical installation process - laying and fastening sheets with bolts or self-tapping screws, but some types of folded roofs are created with already self-latching elements.


This allows you to get rid of unnecessary tools and speed up the flooring process several times.

As for ordinary seam sheets, they look like steel plates. Such material can be coated with polymers, which increases the operating period, or produced without them. The minimum roof slope is 20°. Docking of individual parts occurs with the help of hooks along the edges of the sheet.

Clamps act as fasteners to the crate, and the folds themselves are rolled up using electromechanical units or manually.

These types of roofing materials for the roof are suitable for ennobling churches, estates, industrial buildings, but by looking at photos on the Internet or here on the page, you can be inspired by an interesting idea.

  • The advantages include: fire safety, attractive appearance, elasticity, low weight.
  • The disadvantages include additional costs for insulation and low resistance to dynamic loads.

Copper and aluminum roofing

Roofing materials made of light metals are definitely a good coating, multiple positive reviews on building portals can testify to this. Of these, aluminum and copper can be distinguished.

Copper sheets are produced by manufacturers in the form of rectangles 70x110 cm, weight is 7 kg / m 2. The aluminum coating will give even lower pressure and will be 3kg/m 2 . The permissible slope for the installation of such roofs is 15 degrees or more.

Copper and aluminum are quite expensive metals, and, therefore, the roof will not come out cheap, but everything is compensated by its service life. After all, for copper, this is a period of 150 years.


As far as aesthetic properties are concerned, at first copper is a rather aesthetic material and has an attractive appearance, but over time the tones fade and it takes on darker tones.

Note that with the loss of color, the quality of the material remains at a high level, so if this fact does not bother you and you need a durable roof, then this is your choice.

  • The advantages of these roofs include the fact that they do not require any maintenance, are non-flammable, environmentally friendly, highly resistant to aggressive atmospheric precipitation (for example, acid rain).
  • And the only downside is the cost. Therefore, if you have finances, you should pay attention to this type of coverage.

bituminous slate

Flexible sheets based on cellulose pulp and bitumen are called bituminous slates. The water resistance of such a product is very high, so it has found application as a roofing. The slope of the roof for the installation of this material must be 5 degrees or more.

Sheet sizes are produced everywhere as a standard - 2x1m. Such slate is very widely used by developers of private houses, cafes, restaurants. This material has high flexibility along the wave, so it can often be found on curved roof structures, for example, on a dome.

It is worth noting that there will be practically no production waste left from it, because the extra pieces can be used as a substrate for new roof construction.

Advantages:

  • Light weight (5kg/m2)
  • Wide range of colors
  • Ease of installation

Disadvantages:

  • Not durable. Strong gusts of wind can damage and warp the material if installed incorrectly.
  • It is combustible, which is unacceptable in terms of fire safety
  • Low frost resistance

In a modern hardware store, this product can be found at a price of $ 6 per meter. By the way, some sheets of bituminous slate are self-adhesive. This significantly reduces the time installation work and displays these roofing materials above the standard ones.

Slate roofing

Surely you have heard the concept of shale formations from geography lessons. So, not so long ago, the construction of European countries for the first time laid this material on the roof of their house, which led to the creation of a new round in this industry. The ideal slope for this material is 25 o.

Elements of this type are created only manually and the weight is far from small - 25kg / m 2. Based on such a mass, it can be assumed that the load on the base will be enormous, and, therefore, the crate should be stable. For this, rails with a section of 4x6 cm are suitable, and nails (from 100 mm) as fasteners.

The step of the crate is selected strictly individually. It all depends on the size of the layers themselves. Therefore, it is customary to consider the distance slightly less than half of the formation as a rule. Roofing cake with this type of coating looks like honeycombs, octagons, fish scales. However, this is all unimportant here, and you can try to create your own drawing, for example, a famous logo or a picture.


The terms of operation directly depend on your attentiveness, because if you do not notice a crack in the coating during a routine inspection, you can be fooled and soon change the entire roof. Therefore, if you have damage to some layers, replace them.

Natural materials as a roof over your head

Roofing without buying roofing materials is a recent practice coming from Europe. In these countries, the following types of natural materials have long been practiced as roofing:

  • Straw
  • Wood
  • reeds

These types, as a rule, are not used in regular construction. They are used to give their atmosphere in restaurants by the sea, hotels, various bars and hotels. A sociological survey shows that people are more impressed with natural material than with a colorful facade and new lights.

Of course, the cheapest roofing material is roofing material, and the most expensive is considered to be an alloy of copper and titanium., but there are some nuances here. If you lay the roof with roofing material for 100 years, then during this period you will incur expenses for it somewhere around 7-8 times. It takes into account the number of repairs and complete replacement of the coating. If you use an alloy, then not only will you not have to repair or replace anything, you will still have 50 years to spare. Which, of course, will pay for such material.

Inexpensive and lightweight roofing materials allow you to quickly cover a temporary structure and at the same time use a small amount of finance. After all, ease of installation is also one side of the savings.

As a conclusion, I can say that no matter what roofing materials you use, they must always fulfill the tasks you set. There are many constructions on which one type is allowed to be used, but on the other it is completely unacceptable. Choose only high-quality products from reliable manufacturers, so that later you do not have to do repairs again.

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The roof of the house protects the country house from precipitation. In addition, it maintains the necessary thermal conditions.

Almost all types of roofs are also responsible for decorative functions. Architecture gives all roofs a very important meaning. Often, a non-standard roof adorns the most ordinary country house. But still, the main function of the roof is protection. Therefore, all canopies must comply with established norms and standards. Our article will tell you about all the requirements. Now I would like to talk about terminology.

The roof is the part of a building that sits on top of its base. She protects interior spaces from moisture penetration, wind and solar radiation. The roof is a complex architectural element. It includes load-bearing structures (truss system) responsible for the distribution of the load of the roof and precipitation. It is also an integral part of the roof, which protects the country house from winds, cold and moisture.

The roof is a multilayer "pie". It consists of:

  • roofing;
  • waterproofing layer;
  • thermal insulation (one or more layers);
  • vapor barrier material.

The roof is the part of the roof that can be seen from the outside. It is the roof that not only protects the building itself, but also determines its entire architectural and decorative appearance.


But not only roofing affects the roof of the house. Important importance is given to the type of roof - the defining element for the entire building. Today you can find a variety of classic and unusual roofs. This allows you to choose the most suitable option and make a house with a unique design.

Types of roofs of houses:

  • Flat roofs are the simplest type with a slope of only 3%. They are used in construction apartment buildings and other massive structures. Private houses rarely contain this type of roof, as there is almost no design value. In addition, flat roofs accumulate snow masses, and this, in turn, leads to an increase in the strength requirements of the roof and load-bearing structures;
  • Pitched roofs - have a slope angle of 10 degrees or more. Ideal for building a private house.


Benefits of pitched roofs:

  1. self-cleaning from various types of precipitation;
  2. allow you to equip the attic or attic room;
  3. the possibility of applying design and architectural ideas.

Types of roofing roofs


This is far from full list pitched roofs.

Attention: When designing pitched roofs, ensure main system drainage of water and snow from the roof surface.

Today you can find a range of roofing materials. For example, classic slate is popular. It is used for the construction of roofs of outbuildings. Modern materials are represented by metal or composite tiles. Often you can find a plastic roof. Thanks to modern materials, it is possible to equip at the same time reliable and aesthetic plastic tiles. At the same time, the choice of colors is very large.


Used as roof waterproofing various materials, starting from the roofing material, and ending liquid rubber. The roofing material is represented by bitumen for the roof, which is applied to the fabric base. In this regard, roofing felt is a fairly versatile material. It is used as a material for flat roofs of warehouses, hangars and residential buildings. Note that initially the roofing felt resembled sheets of cardboard 1x1 meter. One side was free, and the other was covered with bitumen.


Of course, such a cardboard roofing material served for a rather limited period. However, it was indispensable if it was necessary to cover the roof in a short time. Today, roofing materials include fiberglass. This allows the material to be used for 20 years without loss of quality. Before laying roofing felt, you need to prepare the surface. It is important to make the surface of the roof as flat as possible.

Typical roof units and rafter fastening

The truss frame is the basis for roofing cake.

The pitched roof has a relatively large area. It is even compared to a sail. And this is no coincidence, because strong wind can easily rip it off or move it some distance.


In both cases, the roof will be damaged. And this is already an extra headache for the owner of a country house. Under these conditions, reliable fastening of the roof to the walls will make it stable and durable.

  1. Rafter legs are installed on a beam (Mauerlat). It, in turn, is attached to the walls of the structure. To create a Mauerlat, you will need a 15x15 cm timber or a 15x10 cm board.
  2. Mauerlat is attached to the walls. For this, anchor bolts or bolts pre-screwed into the walls are used. For greater reliability, you can tie the beam with burnt fittings. Also, the Mauerlat beam is usually associated with adjacent beams.

The result is a strong foundation for the rafter frame and roof. The task of strapping includes the competent redistribution of the load on the walls of the building.

gable roof- device, detailed video:

Thunderstorm protection

When designing and building a roof, remember that the ridge is the highest point of the building. Under these conditions, you cannot do without lightning protection. Especially if it's a metal roof.

As practice shows, even a small lightning strike on the roof of a building leads to a fire. Moreover, if there are people in the attic or in the attic, they can also be injured. An important process will help prevent accidents - grounding the roof.

Tip: Steel pins act as protection against thunderstorms. Their diameter must exceed 8 mm. The pins are attached along all edges of the roof horse and on the pipes. In height, the pins must be at least 1 meter above the roof level. In this case, the distance between them ideally should not exceed 12 meters.


  1. The bottom ends of the pins usually contain a wire that should be welded to them. The diameter of the wire must match the diameter of the down conductor. Special clamps are used to fasten the down conductor. The element is attached to the roof and walls of the structure. It is recommended to fix it on the basis of the downpipe.
  2. After fixing and lowering the down conductor to the ground, it is necessary to fix it on a flat surface. To do this, a distance of 1 meter is measured from each wall of the building.
  3. Further, a hole is dug half a meter deep, into which three steel pipe. It is recommended to connect them with a pre-welded steel strip.

Pipes act as ground conductors. But they will not perform their functions without a down conductor. Bolts are required to fasten the element. The process of welding the down conductor to the surface of the pipes will not be superfluous. Such a grounding scheme will create high-quality protection against thunderstorms. Types don't matter here. roofing, such protection should be on every roof of a country house.

Thus, building a house implies compliance with all the rules and regulations for tying the roof. Also important is the competent installation of the truss frame and roofing pie. By creating reliable roof- you are contributing to the future of your building (read: ""). After all, if you conduct a competent process, you can save on possible repair roof or its elements. Various types roofs differ from each other in their design and type of roofing material. However, all of them should be chosen based on practical significance. In other words, it is important to choose not only an aesthetic, but also a reliable roof.

The roof top is the topmost part of the roof. It is she who protects the building from negative influences. environment. Before you cover the roof of the house, you need to choose the right material. Roofing materials come in a variety of types. Each of them has its purpose and limitations in use.

Material selection criteria

Types of coverage should be considered from several angles. Choosing the material for the roof, you should answer the following questions for yourself:

  • how steep the slope of the slope is planned;
  • the cheaper it is to cover the roof, is the financial component in the first place;
  • what type of roofing material will fit better into the architectural appearance;
  • the better to cover the roof with your own hands, how complicated the installation process is;
  • Is it possible to put up with the high noise of the roof.
The main criterion for choosing a roof covering is the slope angle.

In general, the coating must meet the requirements for reliability, durability, strength and waterproofing. The aesthetic component and economic are also important. To choose a roof covering for a house, you will have to consider the most popular options carefully.

seam roof

This option will allow you to perform work inexpensively. The coating in this case is made of thin metal sheets. Their connection along the length is carried out by bending the folds. Such coating material is not very suitable for do-it-yourself work, since it requires certain skills and knowledge.


Installation of a seam roof is not recommended to do it yourself

When deciding what is better to cover the roof of the house, you should pay attention to more simple types. This option is more suitable for a professional team that will do the job quickly and efficiently.

Deciding how to cover the roof of a wooden house or any other? Then it is worth taking a closer look at the metal tile. It is light, so it does not create a strong load on the walls of the building and foundations. Often the material can be difficult to distinguish from natural tiles.


The metal tile on decorative properties is almost not inferior to the usual

She looks attractive and wide range of colors allows you to choose the best solution for any facade. A special coating is used to protect the material from corrosion. The most commonly used polymers.

Mounting

Finishing the roof with metal tiles is suitable for slopes with a slope of more than 15 degrees. Such species practically do not limit the upper limit of the slope. If the value is less than 20 degrees, you should think about waterproofing. In this case, moisture flows down the surface worse and can seep through the sheets.

When installing the roof with your own hands, you need to securely close the joints. The tile is attached to the crate. It is most often sparse. For the manufacture of the base, a board with a thickness of 32 mm is enough. The minimum allowable size is 25 mm, but in this case the design will work on the verge of possibilities.


The metal tile is attached to the crate

Application area

Metal roof tiles are widely used. It is suitable for a private residential building, administrative or industrial building. The material is intended for pitched roofs. Not used on flats.

Advantages and disadvantages

When deciding what is the best way to roof a private house, pay attention to the durability of the material. The metal coating can last up to 50 years. Compared with other types, the term is long. The benefits also include:

  • ease of installation;
  • small mass;
  • you can cover the roof alone;
  • does not require particularly careful handling during transportation;
  • affordable price;
  • wide range of.

When installing metal tiles, a lot of waste is generated.

But such modern materials also have disadvantages. During the construction process, a lot of waste is generated, which makes up a considerable percentage of the purchased material..

In addition, any metal coating is quite noisy. Residents literally feel every drop of rain.

Decking

It is advantageous to cover the roofs of pitched roofs with a profiled sheet. This material is similar in properties to metal tile, but is cheaper. These types of material may have different markings. For the coating device, corrugated board marked H or HC is intended. Sheets marked C are intended for vertical structures; it is impossible to make a roof out of them. The profile brand (numerical designation) is selected depending on the load and the pitch of the rafters.


To cover the roof, you should choose a profiled sheet of grade H or HC

Mounting

The coating is designed for roofing roofs with a slope of at least 10 degrees. The overlap during installation is assigned depending on the profile parameters. Usually the overlap is 20 cm. If the slope is less than 20 degrees, the joints should be additionally protected from moisture with a sealant.

Sheets are fastened with self-tapping screws. Approximately 8 pieces will be required per square meter. It is acceptable to lay the material on top of the old roofing from rolled materials.

Most often, profiled sheets are used for outbuildings and industrial buildings. But now there are many colors that fit perfectly into the facade of a residential building.

Advantages and disadvantages

Choosing what material is best for a wooden house? It is not recommended to use heavy types here. Therefore, the decision on how to cover the roof of the house in favor of the profiled sheet will be beneficial. Also perfect for brick or concrete buildings.


Roof pie device from corrugated board

The benefits include:

  • ease of installation;
  • good bending strength under mechanical stress and loads;
  • service life like a metal tile;
  • low cost.

Ondulin

Ondulin roofing is a profitable solution. It is possible to close the building with such material without significant material costs. The second name of onudlin is euroslate. Sheets are made from cellulose fibers, impregnated with bitumen with polymer additives. At the end, the material is painted in two layers of heat-resistant paint, thanks to which the sheets acquire a neat and attractive appearance.


Euroslate roofing - an economical option for the construction or repair of a roof

Mounting

Ondulin coating of the roof of a country house with a slope of 6 ° to 15 ° requires a continuous crate. You can use normal edged board(wood grade 3) or moisture resistant plywood. If the slope is more than 15 °, then a sparse base can be dispensed with.

The overlap of the sheets must be good - at least 30 cm. Special nails are provided for fastening.

Advantages and disadvantages

When deciding which material is best for a shed, bath or garage, you can choose ondulin with confidence. It is also suitable for a private house. But when choosing, it is worth considering that the service life of euroslate is up to 40 years, but the paint will fade earlier. The benefits include:

  • waterproofing indicators;
  • environmental friendliness;
  • there will be no problems due to noise;
  • ease of processing and cutting;
  • very small weight;
  • budget.

The main disadvantages of the coating include fading of paint, flammability

The disadvantages of the material are quite significant, so you should think about whether you need to cover your house with such material.. Minuses:

  • combustibility;
  • paint fading;
  • softening of the material in sunny weather in summer (not recommended for steep slopes);
  • moss growth in dark places.

Like the previous material, tiles are made using bitumen. Fit better for roofs with a slope of no more than 45 degrees, as it can soften in hot weather. There are different types of flexible tiles depending on the pattern and color.


Roof pitch angle flexible tiles should be no more than 45 degrees

Mounting

You can cover the roof with a slope of 11 to 45 degrees with the material. A continuous crate should be made under the coating. To do this, use a board or moisture-resistant plywood. If the slope angle is less than 18°, it is recommended to fix an additional waterproofing layer. For fastening, a layer of bitumen with a polymer is applied to the wrong side. The option is perfect for a roof of complex shape.

Advantages and disadvantages

The benefits include:

  • long service life up to 70 years;
  • noiselessness;
  • holds snow well, it does not slip on rough material;
  • resistance to corrosion and condensation;
  • high flexibility;
  • reasonable value for money.

Soft tiles due to their flexibility are widely used for roofs of complex shape.

natural tile

What to make a cover for a completely eco-friendly house? The best way in this case, ceramic tiles or its closest relative, cement-sand. They are able to last a century, they are safe, environmentally friendly and natural. But the significant shortcomings that do not allow the materials to return to the leading positions include:

  • very large mass;
  • the need for a strong and powerful foundation;
  • high price.

Tiles are a beautiful, environmentally friendly, but heavy roofing material.

Rolled welding material

This option is mainly used for flat or low-slope bases.. There are several varieties from different manufacturers. Hydroizol, Stekloizol and TechnoNIKOL gained great popularity. The basis of the coating is fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester impregnated with bitumen.

Mounting

The roofing carpet is rolled out on the roof, heating part of the roll with a gas burner. When working on a pitched roof, work starts from the bottom. The overlap along the length and from the ends is prescribed at least 10 cm. For flat roof 2-3 coats will suffice. For pitched, you will have to lay 4-5.

Mostly the coating is used for the roofs of multi-storey buildings or industrial buildings. In private construction, it is difficult to meet. For own house it makes sense to buy such material as a lining waterproofing layer.


Rolled welded roofing is most often mounted on flat surfaces.

Advantages and disadvantages

The benefits of this coverage include:

  • ease of care;
  • good resistance to moisture;
  • noiselessness;
  • environmental friendliness and safety for humans;
  • affordable price.