What kind of timber is used in the construction of houses. What size and thickness of timber is best suited for building a house. Advantages of timber buildings

29.10.2019

A beam for building a house is used for private low-rise buildings. In project wooden house you can realize the most daring design ideas: from a small one-story cottage to a large two-storey cottage with all kinds of balconies, attics and cozy terraces on the veranda.

The beam at a relatively low price has excellent performance characteristics and is excellent for the construction of residential buildings and baths.

How to choose a timber for such a house? To do this, you need to find out what bars are and how they are used in individual cases.

Which timber is better for building a wooden house

There are 4 main types of bars:

unprofiled with a rectangular or square section;
profiled solid;
glued;
beam LVL.

The first type is the most economical building material. It is most often used for the construction of auxiliary non-critical premises, as it is low-tech due to the lack of strict dimensions. Such wood is not treated with anything, so it is prone to rotting, insect damage and easy fire. In addition, uneven dimensions contribute to poor fit of the bars to each other, which creates the so-called cold bridges. Thus, unprofiled timber cannot be used for building walls in residential buildings.

The profiled beam of one-piece design has precise dimensions and appropriate processing. This material provides a tight pairing of wood, which facilitates installation and eliminates additional processing of the walls. The profiled timber is securely fixed thanks to the tongue and groove system. Shrinkage of a house made of such material does not exceed 5%.

Glued laminated timber consists of individual lamellas (dried timber), glued together, taking into account the direction of the fibers. This material is the highest quality and reliable. It is characterized by high manufacturability, as it practically does not shrink. A house made of glued laminated timber does not require additional processing of the walls; finishing work can be performed immediately after the walls have been erected.

Such a house has good thermal insulation and is not subject to deformation due to high humidity. Glued laminated timber can be replaced with profiled timber, but the quality of construction will suffer from this.

LVL timber is also glued laminated timber, however, veneer serves as the constituent elements. The material is hard on the outside but soft on the inside. This is the most expensive and high quality wood. LVL timber has high strength, elasticity, moisture resistance. This material is practically not subject to fire and decay, and its range consists of materials of different lengths.

Timber material is made of different sections: from 120x120 mm to 200x200 mm. But the most appropriate for building a house is a timber with dimensions of 150x150 mm in longitudinal section.

Timber house: construction technology

Before you start building a house, you need to develop its project and think through all the details. The most favorable types of wood for the construction of a log house: pine, spruce, larch.

So, building technology log cabin includes the following steps:

Foundation laying.
Floor device.
Construction of external walls and partitions.
Roof construction.
Installation of windows and doors.

Under a standard residential frame, they usually do strip foundation. To do this, a trench 0.7 m deep is dug around the perimeter of the future house. A sand cushion is poured into its bottom, and rubble is on top. The entire backfill is carefully tamped. After that, the dug trench is poured with a concrete mixture.

Arrangement of the floor is an important stage in the construction of a wooden house. This is due to the fact that wood absorbs moisture very quickly, due to which constant dampness may be present in the dwelling, and rotting may also begin. building material. Therefore, the floor in the house of beams consists of two layers: rough and finish.

After pouring the foundation, at least two weeks should pass, and only then they begin to lay the lower crown of beams and equip the subfloor.

Before laying the bottom row of beams, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer on the foundation. For this, a double layer of bitumen and roofing material is laid, alternating between them. The width of the insulation must exceed the width of the foundation by 30 cm.

The very first board is rigidly mounted to the foundation, and an ebb is attached to it, through which all the precipitation water will flow.

The first crown of a house made of beams must be treated with antiseptic impregnation to avoid rotting of the material. The evenness of the entire structure depends on the laying of the first crown. Therefore, on this stage it is important to check the accuracy of the dimensions using a laser level.

Lay logs with sizes cross section 150x100 mm. Lags are laid with a narrow end down. The beams are fixed with the first crown of the house by laying in a groove. The logs should be located from each other in increments of 70 cm. If the beams are longer than 3 m, then additional supports must be laid under them - bars with a section of 200x150 mm.
Bars with cross-sectional dimensions of 50x50 mm are nailed to the side of the log.
The floor base is mounted on cranial bars. Floorboards are laid close to each other without fastening to the logs.
Lay successively layers of waterproofing, insulation and vapor barrier.
In the direction of the beams, special slats are laid to create a ventilation space.
The flooring of the subfloor is made of boards 40 mm thick. Second-class wood can serve as this material.

The final floor is laid after the walls and roof are erected. For this, high-quality processed boards with exact dimensions are used.

Features of the connection of the bars and the construction of the roof

The construction of a log house from the bars consists in the phased laying out of the crowns. For the construction of the walls of a residential building, it is better to use profiled and glued beams with cross-sectional dimensions of 140x140 mm and 90x140 mm.

For reliable fastening, the ends of the bars are made with a spike and a groove. Fixed in this way among themselves, the bars will reliably preserve the structure of the house.

After each crown, a jute insulation is laid. It provides good thermal insulation, prevents the formation of cold bridges, and also prevents the appearance of mold. Tow or linen acts as a heater.

Between themselves, the crowns are fixed with dowels. These fasteners allow you to save the structure of the house without twisting and drying out the bars. Nails 6x200 act as these hardware. Nails are hammered in increments of 1 m to a depth of 25 - 30 cm.

The roof for a house made of beams can be of various shapes: consist of several slopes, with an attic and outdoor terrace. For such options, you can not do without specialists. But if the house is being built independently, then most often they choose the option of a classic gable roof.

The gable roof is performed according to the following technology:

Perform a coupler of the bars of the upper crown. For the Mauerlat, a beam with a section of 150x150 mm is chosen and fixed to the crown of the wall with the help of brackets and dowels. Ceiling logs are laid in increments of 90 cm.
Next, rafters are made, which are based on the Mauerlat. truss system is a frame that will determine the shape of the roof. These bars are taken with a section size of 50x150 mm. A triangular notch is made at the attachment point for a strong grip of the elements. To maintain the desired angle, a special template is made. The rafters are laid in increments of 1 m and attached to the beams with the help of corners and self-tapping screws.
Spread the fronts of the roof from the bars or siding.
The rafter system is covered with a layer of vapor barrier, and then a crate is made of beams and boards. The pitch of the crate depends on the type roofing material. If there is a tile, then there should be practically no gaps on the crate. If there is corrugated board or slate, then the gap in the crate can be up to 30 cm.
Install roofing material.
If an attic is planned, then the roof from the inside must be insulated. Suitable for this mineral wool, which is laid between the rafters.
The interior lining of the attic can be made of drywall or lining.

It should be noted that within 2 years wooden house may shrink naturally, so trim facing materials it is not worth it during this period.

A wooden house is beautiful, environmentally friendly and warm.

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We determine the moisture content of wood, the choice of timber for building a house

Wooden buildings are back in vogue due to the fact that they are made from natural materials and even beneficial to health. From a bar build houses, summer residences, baths and arbors. Every builder who has had experience working with wood knows how important it is to use timber of a certain moisture content. Thanks to such types of wood as pine or spruce, have become available cheap houses from a profiled bar of natural moisture. Profiled timber allows you to build houses with even walls. It has grooves or a profile that makes it easier construction works and makes the building stronger. The amount of moisture in the timber will affect many indicators, consider the main ones.

In too wet wood, harmful bacteria and mold start, rotting processes begin.
wood structure high humidity shrinks over time, therefore its main structural elements can be deformed.
Rapid drying of wood in the heat and sun leads to cracks, which can further increase in size.

It cannot be said that completely dry wood is needed to build a house, because it will still absorb moisture from environment. Optimal and most inexpensive option can be considered a bar of natural moisture content of about 25 percent. In order to achieve suitable humidity levels, winter timber is folded in a special way until May. So, it undergoes natural drying, but the edges must be lubricated with drying oil so that the process is gradual. Complementing the material, we want to note that you can order a log house on the website http://srubstroy53.ru/, see what the experts offer and how much their solutions cost.

Types of wood depending on the moisture content:

wet and freshly cut wood can contain up to 80% moisture;
wood of natural humidity - 18-25%;
dry - 10-12%.

Wood felled in winter has a moisture content of about 20-30 percent, and harvested in summer about 70-80. To make the wood dry, a special chamber drying is used. According to the requirements of GOST, wood with a moisture content of not more than 20-22 percent can be traded. During operation, cheap houses made of timber can gradually gain up to 30 percent of the good when it rains, or lose it in the summer during a drought. In particularly humid areas, it is advised to use additional means of protecting wood from moisture and mold.

moisture meter

A moisture meter is used to measure the moisture content of wood. It determines the amount of moisture per mass of dry wood. A moisture meter will not only help with the purchase of wood required humidity, it will also come in handy in the wood construction process. It can be contact or non-contact. The contact moisture meter has needles that are stuck into the wood for analysis. The device should be able to set the type of wood and other parameters for analysis.

What kind of timber is better to build a house

The choice depends on the amount of finance, the professionalism of the builders and the amount of time available. If the house is being built from a bar of natural moisture, then experts advise waiting up to a year until the bar has passed the drying period. In addition, there is glued or profiled timber, which can also have different moisture levels.

A house made of profiled timber does not need to be caulked, it absorbs less moisture, but the drying time of wood is the same as for ordinary timber. Many are erecting country houses from a glued beam, such wood is much stronger, thanks to several layers glued together. Glued laminated timber is more expensive than usual, most often it is profiled at the same time. It is best to buy wood that is cut in the northern regions and harvested in winter.

Wooden houses the most environmentally friendly and favorable for human life. Not without reason, wood is perhaps the first material that began to be used to build a home. Modern technologies gave this material new possibilities and improved its properties. Using various ways processing, types of timber are made from wood for the construction of houses of different sizes and designs.

When choosing a timber for the construction of housing in a country house or a large residential building, you need to remember that the requirements for the material in each case will be different

Reasons to choose timber for building a house

A timber beam allows you to exclude some of the properties of wood that complicate the construction process, making it more laborious. The bar is made of a unified profile and length. Folding a house out of it will turn out quickly. If you carefully calculate the required volume, you can avoid unnecessary waste of material, which will significantly reduce the estimated cost of construction.

Glued laminated timber is not subject to shrinkage, does not crack under the influence of the surrounding climate. It does not lose properties during long-term operation. When laying a beam with flat edges, a flat wall is formed, it is easy to cover it with finishing material or insulation.

Types of timber for building houses and sizes, advantages and disadvantages

Let's figure out what kind of timber is for building a house. There are 4 types of material:

unprofiled from an array;

non-profiled glued;

profiled from the array;

profiled glued.

Ordinary building block

This option is a blank of logs with planed lateral semicircular edges. They are given a section square shape, with side dimensions from 100 to 250 mm. Before use, the material is dried in natural conditions.

Bars of different sizes are selected depending on the purpose of the future structure

Its use in construction cannot be called the best solution. Suitable for the construction of simple building structures. It has certain disadvantages, we list them:

naturally dried wood undergoes shrinkage, warping and cracking during operation;

loose adjoining of the bars to each other leads to the need to insulate and seal the gaps between them after a while;

the material is not subjected to finishing, so it is required to finish the surface in order to get a beautiful and neat wall;

needs more reinforcement bearing walls and corners of the house;

impregnation with special compounds is necessary to give the structure fire and bacterial resistance.

Of course, this is a fairly cheap and widely available material. If you agree to incur additional costs in order to refine it to the desired qualities, then this option will be quite acceptable.

Profiled timber

The same whole logs are used for it, as for the usual planed one. Processing is carried out on woodworking equipment with precise settings. It allows you to get a perfectly smooth surface and ideal dimensions.

The profiled beam allows the material to adhere tightly to each other and during the operation of the house to prevent drafts between the cracks

The process differs in that the sawn logs are first dried to 22% moisture content or less, and then further work is carried out with them. The connecting planes have a comb or tenon-groove. When the comb comes into contact with adjacent bars, a tight joint between the crowns is obtained. The thorn groove allows you to lay insulation in it, which creates tight connection crowns that do not allow air and moisture to pass through.

Among the shortcomings of such material, the preservation of wood defects that may exist inside the log, and the obligatory time for shrinkage, as it is inherent in all types, are noted. wooden structures.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of houses from double timber from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Glued laminated timber

This option has a calibrated section, the connecting surfaces are made in the form of a comb or a spike. Sometimes it is given the shape of a rounded log - a D-beam. Outwardly, the wall made of it looks like a natural log wall, which is now very popular.

A house made of glued laminated timber is much faster ready for use, but it is important that the lamellas are glued together with high-quality glue

Such material is made of separate wooden plates, they are glued together with a special glue under pressure. It has a number of positive aspects, namely:

A well-finished surface has a finished look, does not require additional finishing. The presence of locks creates a dense wall without gaps.

The design of the bar eliminates warping, it does not crack and is not subject to deformation during operation.

The constructed building does not experience shrinkage. This significantly reduces the construction time.

Disadvantages:

The high price of the material, in comparison with conventional timber.

The glue included in the timber makes it less environmentally friendly.

The microclimate in the house will be different from the conditions that arise in a real wooden structure. In houses made of glued wood, ventilation must be done

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building houses from double timber. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Beam LVL

The technology of its production is similar to the production of glued beams. Only the material used for it differs. For manufacturing, they take veneer from various trees, 3 mm thick. In adjacent layers of veneer, the direction of the fibers coincides.

Veneered timber is quite expensive at a cost, it is often used for individual components of the building

It is a strong and flexible material, but very expensive. It is used to perform individual structures Houses. In most cases, building an entire house out of it is unprofitable.

Which beam is better for building a house should be determined taking into account the requirements for it and the availability of material resources from the developer. A well-dried and properly processed ordinary planed timber will serve no worse than expensive glued material.

Video description

About the features of the LVL beam and its use in construction, see the following video:

Types of timber connection

When erecting a log house, it is necessary to connect individual elements when crossing at an angle or when the elements are not long enough. Several types of connections are used.

The most popular and convenient compounds are with and without residue, in a cup or in a tooth.

Connecting with the remainder

One way connection. One side of the beam is cut across the element, the width of the cut is equal to the width of the attached element. This is the easiest and most commonly used method.

The connection of the bars with the remainder is used more often than others, and the fastening of such a bar is more reliable.

A double-sided lock requires making cuts at the top and bottom of the bar. Their depth is a quarter of the thickness of the element. The use of this technology creates a high-quality connection, but will require the work of experienced carpenters.

The four-way connection is the most complex and the most reliable and accurate. Cuts are made on all sides of the bar. The building is assembled like a constructor - quickly and efficiently. In this case, all dimensions must be exactly observed, the cuts are made strictly at right angles.

Connection without residue

This species has many variations. Here are the frequently used ones.

Butt connection. It is carried out using studded metal plates, they are fastened with nails or staples. For this purpose, connecting keys are also used, which fix the joint well, preventing the bars from moving and turning.

In this case, it is necessary to use additional fasteners, otherwise the house may lead to the side.

It is good to use the connection in the spike. The spike may be in the shape of a triangle or a trapezoid. The root spike is popular. A groove is cut out on one of the bars, a spike of the appropriate size is cut out in the other. With this connection, you can use a heater made of vegetable felt or jute fiber.

The choice of timber thickness for building a house

The range of unified timber sizes has the following values: 100, 150, 200, 250 mm. The main requirement when determining the thickness of the walls of the house is that it must give a certain strength to the structure, have sufficient heat capacity to create a favorable climate in the house.

To determine which timber is best for a 150 or 200 mm house, you should know which house you will be building. For a one-story building, a thickness of 150 mm is sufficient. If it still gets done exterior finish or wall insulation, then this is undoubtedly.

For two-story buildings, a stronger and more rigid structure is needed. In this case, a section of 200x200 mm will be justified.

To build a house for seasonal living in a country house or a bath, if they are not insulated, a beam with a section of 150x150 mm is used.

For such a house, for temporary residence, a simple beam of medium thickness is enough

If you build a residential building for permanent residence of people, it will have to be heated. The walls of such a block house must be insulated, otherwise it will not meet modern energy saving requirements.

It is known that the thermal conductivity wooden walls little depends on their thickness. The difference between the walls of 150 and 100 mm of timber will be 12% of the heat. From this we conclude that insulated walls can be made thinner.

Video description

How can they differ different types timber:

What to consider when choosing a bar: basic rules

Using the right material is the key to successful construction. This also applies to wooden structures. What we pay attention to when buying it:

Decide in advance which timber to build a house from. One-story house enough material, section 150x150 mm. When erecting two-story structures, use a beam of 200x200 mm.

AT summer cottage use plain planed timber, previously dried in a natural way. For a residential building, glued structures are needed. A beam with a profiled joint, dried in a chamber, is suitable.

Attention should be paid to the quality of the product, it must have the correct symmetrical sectional shape, there should be no irregularities and curvature. Select grade A or AB.

Use profile D timber instead of rounded logs.

Types of profiled timber for a country house

Conclusion

The choice of material must be determined at the design stage, taking into account all emerging situations. You should not save too much by purchasing cheap material for a residential building in which you will live permanently. Modern quality wooden beam will allow you to build your dream home.

Building a house from a bar is a great opportunity to live in an eco-friendly building, enjoying the silence. This aspect is especially important for a city dweller who is tired of street noise and polluted air. It is good that it is quite possible to choose a suitable variant of timber among the variety of goods. You just need to know the characteristics of each type of bars and compare your desires with financial capabilities. Here we have to consider these issues in more detail and determine which beam is right for you.

What types are there?

Since the choice of timber for building a house requires a competent approach, let's try to simplify the task, while understanding the essence of the issue thoroughly. Let's start with the fact that in local markets and hypermarkets you can find three main types of timber - planed, profiled and glued.

Each type must be considered separately, highlighting its main characteristics.

Planed timber

Such a bar is obtained by cutting a log - as a result, a bar with a section in the form of a rectangle or square is obtained. It has an undeniable advantage - a low price, which will certainly appeal to people with low incomes and those who are looking for ways to save money during construction. It is much easier to assemble a log house from such bars than from logs. And the foundation of it is much easier to make than from brick.

You have to pay for a low price - planed timber is made from wood of natural moisture content. And this means that its level will gradually decrease over time, that is, the tree will simply begin to dry out, and there will be some problems here:

Deformation - a wooden beam will begin to warp and can bend in the most incredible way.
Cracks - if they only affected the appearance of the material, then it's not so bad. In addition, performance will suffer.
Rot, blue and mold - no doubt will appear where high humidity and ventilation problems. And this also applies to the material lying in storage in piles.
Shrinkage is one of the most important factors to consider when building a house. After all, the tree will lose moisture, which means that the bars will lose in size. The degree of shrinkage depends on the level of initial moisture content of the material and the conditions prevailing around.

To avoid significant problems with shrinkage of the material, a fresh log house made of planed timber after erection must be left alone for several months, preferably under a roof. During this time, it will settle and take on a more or less final form. If this is not done, serious problems may arise, because we are not talking about a few centimeters of shrinkage, but about more serious values. It happens that the owners of the house begin to think about the missed opportunity only when the door and window openings are deformed and when the wall decoration outside and inside is damaged.

Slots are also quite common when using planed timber, which is not a model of absolute dimensional accuracy. The gaps between the crowns can only intensify when the wood dries, therefore sealing materials are usually laid between the crowns, and the walls themselves are caulked to avoid the negative effects of humidity and cold.

Planed timber is more accessible than all the others and is the most simple option timber for construction

Planed timber has dimensions of 100x100mm, 100x150mm, 150x200mm and 200x200mm in cross section and from 2 to 6 meters in length, so choosing the right size is not difficult. It is important to know that the moisture content of the finished timber should be in the range from 20 to 22%. If this indicator is higher, the material is considered to be of poor quality. Also, modern planed timber goes on sale being treated with various compounds that significantly extend the life of the tree and increase its moisture-resistant characteristics. But often unprocessed material is also found.

profiled

Profiled timber is devoid of some of the disadvantages of planed timber, so its purchase is more profitable. It also differs externally - smooth front sides and a comb / tenon groove on the workers. When choosing which timber is better, it is worth focusing on the moisture content of the material, and not on personal preferences.

When using a spike-groove connection, a heater is used, which is laid out between the crowns in the grooves. Even if the material dries out, the insulation will not allow the wind to blow through the walls.

Differences in the connections "Comb" and "Thorn-groove"

The comb, unlike the thorn-groove, does not require a sealant, since the protrusions are fully adjacent to each other as closely as possible. However, this quality will remain unchanged only in dry bars. When humidity changes, the parameters of the protrusions may change.

The advantage of a profiled beam is laid in the process of its manufacture - first it is dried to a moisture content of 22% or less, and only then it is milled on a tetrahedral machine. If the humidity during processing is higher, the quality of the material will suffer. High-quality profiled timber does not shrink as much as planed timber.

Often products are made with already cut "cups" for joints and corner joints. With this approach, you just have to assemble the house as a children's designer.

And yet, the profiled beam cannot do without cracks and shrinkage, therefore, after assembling the log house, it will also be necessary to leave it alone for a while.

The profiled beam has protrusions that allow you to fit the beams to each other with maximum density

The dimensions of the profiled timber are the same as those of the planed timber. Its thermal conductivity is 0.1-0.36 W / m * deg, and the thicker the timber, the lower this value. With an increase in the moisture content of the material, the indicator increases. Profiled timber requires additional processing, as well as planed.

Glued

This type of timber has the best characteristics and at the same time a high price. Low humidity is the main strong point of glued laminated lumber, which means that there are no problems associated with shrinkage of the material. It turns out that it is possible to build a house from it in just a season, without making technological breaks.

Glulam has low moisture content and does not require shrinkage time

The manufacturing technology of glued laminated timber allows you to get a product of the highest quality, which is devoid of all the disadvantages of raw wood and takes all the best from wood. This timber already has an impregnation that prevents rotting and burning, so it does not require additional processing.

Glued laminated timber can also be made to order, just like profiled timber. Some manufacturers have gone even further and offer ready-made kits with assembly instructions.

A novelty on the construction market is a D-shaped glued beam, which looks like a rounded log.

Externally, the D-shaped beam looks like a rounded log, which makes it even more attractive.

The thermal conductivity of glued laminated timber is 0.1 W/m*deg. This is simply an amazing indicator - a 20 cm thick wall of glued laminated timber is equivalent to brick wall 1.6m thick. With such characteristics, comfortable conditions are provided at any time of the year: in winter the house is kept warm, and in summer it is cool. In addition, glued laminated timber is good for both facade work and for the construction of internal partitions.

What to choose for building a house?

Of course, glued laminated timber surpasses all other options in terms of its characteristics. But not everyone has the opportunity to purchase it. In addition, lovers of an environmentally friendly approach may resist the presence of glued laminated timber polymer substances. In this case, it is better to use planed or profiled. However, this choice involves a rather long wait for a housewarming party, since a lot of time will be spent waiting for shrinkage. And this is where glued beams come to the rescue.

Comparative table of three types of timber

	Planed	profiled	Glued
Environmental friendliness	Eco-friendly, as it retains all the properties of natural wood.	Eco-friendly.	When bonding, resins are used that emit toxic substances.
Strength	The tree may dry out, as a result of which the timber will begin to deform, targets and cracks may appear.	Cracks and crevices are possible, as is the case with planed timber.	The material practically does not deform over time.
thermal insulation	Additional wall insulation is required.	When using the tongue-and-groove connection, a heater is used. The "comb" does not require insulation, however, if the tree begins to dry out and cracks appear, additional measures will need to be taken.	Thermal insulation is not required.
fire hazard	High fire hazard.	High fire hazard.	The fire hazard is lower, however, if the material is not treated, then the likelihood of fire will be the same as that of profiled or planed timber.
economy	Low price.	The price is slightly higher than that of the planed one.	Relatively high cost.

How to choose quality material?

In order not to get into trouble, it is important to visually check the product for quality even during the purchase process. To do this, the beam is placed with all faces in turn on a flat surface, checking it for the presence of curvature and eversion. The growth rings visible on the end section are also important. There should be an equal distance between them - this is a guarantee that over time the timber will not begin to bend.

Various timber

Building a house from a bar raises a lot of questions from readers. The most frequently asked question is how to choose the material for construction. There are more varieties of timber every year, which one is better to use and how to distinguish quality material. How to choose a timber for building a house, we will tell those readers who do not want to throw money away and want to purchase high-quality material. Which timber to choose - profiled, glued, simple, cross-section and grade of timber in one article.

For building a house, timber is chosen from three main types: simple, profiled or glued. In terms of its heat-saving and sound-proofing qualities, it surpasses brick. The only downside is fire resistance. But using special formulations for processing, you can reduce the figure at times. It is environmentally friendly and outperforms brick and logs in price. And with the onset of a difficult economic situation in the country, the material generally took the first position in the choice of buyers. Each type has its pros and cons for construction.

simple cutting material

Rectangular beam of various sections. Produced chamber drying and natural humidity. According to the price category, natural moisture timber is the cheapest. When choosing natural humidity for building your house, you need to understand that there will be additional costs for external and interior decoration, such as siding or clapboard. The fact is that when it dries, the material will crack and lose its aesthetically attractive appearance. Part of the heat-saving qualities will be lost during cracking, so you will have to insulate the walls with mineral wool or any other material. Choosing a chamber drying lumber, you can count on a minimum shrinkage of the house. But the walls will still not be attractive, since tape insulation is laid between the links. We recommend choosing a simple chamber drying for the construction of a small country house, so you can save on material, and the structure will turn out to be environmentally friendly, and you can assemble it yourself. For frame construction it is more profitable for a residential structure to acquire a simple edged appearance, since the walls will still have to be closed. If, nevertheless, natural humidity is chosen for building a house, then it is necessary to prepare for additional waste.

profile view

The second quality is profiled timber. It also comes in natural humidity and chamber drying. Has two technical aspects with a locking connection - thorn-groove. With the help of a lock, it is easy to fit and connect to each other. Houses made from it are warmer, since the walls will not be blown through. The quality and type of interlock connection determines how warm the walls will be. The “comb” is considered the warmest, where there are more than two spikes. A simple lock is less resistant to winds, especially in the corners of a masonry house. Choosing natural humidity, cracking of the walls cannot be avoided and used over the years finishing material still have to. It will not be possible to re-caulk the walls, since the lock connection will not allow the work to be done efficiently. Profiled chamber drying after assembling the walls is easy enough to sand and cover with antiseptic and protective compounds. It is not necessary to perform other finishing. Suitable for the construction of residential buildings of any size, so shrinkage will not be large, only 3-4%. The main disadvantage is the high price of chamber drying.

glued look

Glued laminated timber is considered the most suitable for the construction of a residential building. It consists of dried lamellae, which are glued together under pressure. The strength of the material is higher than profiled or simple, since the lamellas are connected in the opposite direction of the fibers. The more lamellae, the stronger the material. Internal lamellas can be spliced or solid, the second option is more expensive and better in quality. Among the main advantages of the glued look are its high heat-insulating characteristics. So, a section of 150x150 mm is equal in terms of thermal conductivity to a cut beam of 250x250 mm. It is easier to build a house from such material, since the weight of each beam is less. How to choose a timber for building a glued house, you can watch the video:

Among the shortcomings, one can single out the not quite environmental friendliness of the material. The fact is that the adhesive composition for gluing the lamellas is used differently. The safest is expensive and domestic manufacturers do not use it. The second and not unimportant drawback is the high price of the material.

Unusual timber

One of the recently introduced types on the market is the D-shaped type. Building a house from a D-shaped view is exactly the same as from a profiled one. Its difference in rounded front side. There is a material with two rounded sides - the front and the inside. Outwardly, the house resembles a log house, but in terms of thermal characteristics it is the same as from glued. Wall and facade decoration is not necessary. A new type of material is warm timber.

Building a house from it is called Maxhouse. Inside, the beam is filled with a layer of insulation made of cellulose or polyurethane foam. The heat-saving properties of the material are higher, but environmental friendliness drops significantly. The main advantage is the low price. External and internal side warm look may be from expensive wood, such as larch or aspen. And the price is 3-4 times lower than for a full-fledged view.

Construction lumber grade

When choosing building lumber, you need to pay attention to its grade. Moreover, there are no specific rules for determining one variety from another, so you can find timber of the same quality in different manufacturing companies, but various sorts. For the construction of your house, we recommend using grades A or Extra, AB and B. Other lower-quality grades may have bumps and damage by bugs, blue. You can distinguish one variety from another by knowing some character traits timber. Readers can read more about them in the table:

Not worth it in building a house for permanent residence use timber BC and C. For garden house or frame construction, in order to save money, you can buy cheaper varieties. But first you need to look at the material at once in several companies.

Varieties of the beam section

The thickness of the building timber is taken from 100 mm, but traditionally, a section of 200x200 mm is used for the construction of a residential building. For the construction of your house, a beam of section from 150x150 mm is selected. If a country house is being built in the southern region, then you can buy a smaller 100 mm. For a permanent home in central Russia, you can choose glued or warm material with a section of 150x150 mm or 100x150 mm, where the working side will be large. Simple and profiled is selected with a section from 150x150 to 200x200 mm.

You can use a rectangular section of 150x200 mm, where the larger side is working. If you use a simple edged beam of natural moisture and in the future the walls will be insulated, then you can use a section of 100x150 mm. It is important to choose the right thickness of the timber, because if you build a house from a profiled chamber drying and do not take into account thermal conductivity, then in winter it will be cold in the house. As a result, the walls will have to be insulated and it makes no sense to acquire a profiled chamber drying. The choice of section will envy the price of the material. Consider the price for a different section of timber in the form of a table:

To choose the right material for building your house, the material is not the cheapest, good quality, thickness from 200 mm.

Basic rules on how to choose a timber for building a house

From the foregoing, we can conclude how to choose a timber for building a house. We list the basic rules:

For the construction of a house, a beam with a thickness of 200 mm is chosen.
For construction country house you can take a simple natural moisture, for a residential building glued or profiled chamber drying.
When choosing chamber drying, you can not be afraid of large shrinkage and cracking of the walls, taking natural moisture, you need to plan the costs of finishing the facade and interior.
The shape of the material must be correct, curvature and color irregularities are unacceptable. Buy varieties A and AB, B.
A D-shaped profile can be chosen instead of a rounded log.
Warm timber is less expensive, but appearance little different from glued.

When choosing a material, it is necessary to purchase it only from trusted manufacturing companies. Do not take suspiciously cheap material, especially if we are talking about glued. Only in this way the construction of the house will be made of high-quality and correct timber.