Do-it-yourself insulation of a panel house from the inside. How to insulate a panel house. Heating in the wall of a panel house: foam insulation

Insulation of the apartment from the inside most often becomes necessary in houses with panel walls, since they are not thick enough, they quickly cool down, the heating system cannot fully cope with its tasks, and the temperature in the rooms drops. How to insulate a wall inside an apartment, and what methods and materials to use - this question confronts most homeowners in concrete high-rise buildings. External walls in such houses become cold especially quickly, and often, due to temperature changes, they begin to dampen and become covered with mold.

Sometimes, when there is such an opportunity, the thermal insulation of the walls is carried out from the outside, as this — more effective method keeping warm. However, this option is very expensive due to the complexity of its implementation, and it is impossible to carry out such events on your own, without the use of special equipment, if the apartment is located above the first or second floor. Therefore, a decision is made to insulate the walls from the inside, to the detriment of the total usable area. But be that as it may, a warm apartment of a slightly smaller area is better than large cold rooms. Internal work may well be carried out with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists. The main thing is to choose right material and have the right tools.

If the apartment has equipment autonomous heating, then wall insulation will help save energy resources, which are very expensive today.

Disadvantages of internal insulation

Compared with the external thermal insulation of walls, the internal insulation of the apartment has its rather significant drawbacks:

• An insulated wall does not accumulate or retain heat, and heat losses range from 8 to 15%.

• The “dew point” for internal thermal insulation is between the insulation and the wall, sometimes inside the insulation layer. This leads to the formation of condensation and the appearance of mold colonies. .
• An improperly insulated wall from the inside will freeze all the time, and this inevitably causes irreversible destructive processes in the thickness of the material over time.

Proper insulation

So that condensation does not form under the thermal insulation layer from temperature changes in the winter, and, as a result, mold spots do not appear on the walls, all technological recommendations for insulating concrete walls from the inside of the apartment must be carefully followed.

An important element in the structure of the thermal insulation "pie" is a high-quality vapor barrier. It should protect the insulation from moisture penetration, which will allow the entire structure to effectively perform its functions for a long time.

What work needs to be done to achieve the goal?

• It is necessary to purchase a high quality vapor barrier film and waterproof tape to seal the seams on the connection of its sheets.
• For the insulation layer, you need to choose a material that has low vapor permeability. It is desirable that this indicator be lower than the vapor permeability of the wall material. In this case, moisture evaporation will occur towards the street, and not inside the apartment.
• When gluing the insulation, its surface is completely smeared with glue using spatula-comb, and it is pressed very tightly against the surface of the wall, so that even small cavities do not remain between them.
• In order to avoid the occurrence of excessively high relative humidity inside the premises, they must be equipped with additional ventilation of a natural or forced type. For example, for this, valves are installed on the window frames, through which air will enter the room.

• Next, you need to accurately calculate the required thickness of the insulation. It will depend on the average daily temperature in the region in winter. The thickness of the thermal insulation material should not be less than those parameters that were obtained during the calculations, otherwise the steam-thermal balance will be violated.
• Before installing the insulation system, the walls must be treated with special primers. They will "treat" the wall, will not allow mold colonies to form on it, and will also increase adhesion when gluing thermal insulation.
• Installation of insulation can only be started after the wall has completely dried.
• It is impossible to allow the formation of "cold bridges", which can nullify the entire insulation process. The risk of their occurrence is especially high at the junctions of walls and ceilings.

What heaters and how are they used

Such a thermal insulator is made in the form of plates or rolls from the bark of a special variety of oak - cork. Therefore, it is an environmentally friendly safe insulation, which is very important for interior decoration premises.

Using high quality material, you can solve three problems at once - these are noise and sound insulation, as well as decorative wall decoration.

An important condition for the installation of the cork coating is the evenness of the wall, therefore, before proceeding with its gluing, it is necessary to carefully prepare the surface. This process is carried out as follows:

• The old coating is completely peeled off the wall.
• Then the entire surface is treated, which will protect the wall from damage by fungus or mold.

• The next step is to level the surface.
• You can ennoble the walls with drywall, but in this case, the sheet must be completely smeared with waterproof glue or mounting foam, so that there are no voids under it. Drywall is firmly pressed against the wall and additionally fixed with anchors or plastic "fungi".
• Cork material can be glued onto a dried wall. To do this, use a special glue designed for such purposes.

To positive qualities material, in addition to its environmental friendliness, low thermal conductivity and good sound absorption, include:

• Ease of installation of cork wall covering while maintaining accuracy in work.
• Aesthetically attractive respectable look.
• Always warm and pleasant to the touch surface of the material.
• A variety of release forms, textured patterns and shades.

• Cork insulation does not have a large thickness, therefore it does not make the area of ​​​​the room smaller - this quality compares favorably with other thermal insulation materials.

Penofol

Penofol, in its essence, is a rolled foamed polyethylene with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, on one side of which it is applied, which contributes to the reflection of heat into the room.

• Before its installation, the surface is prepared in the same way as for a cork coating.
• Penofol can be fixed to even walls with the help of construction double-sided tape. Under any circumstances, the material is placed with the foil side into the room. This creates a kind of thermos for efficient heat retention.
• stripes penofol are laid end to end. Between themselves, they are glued with a special adhesive tape, which also has a foil-coated reflective surface, since the entire coating must be airtight.

• On top of the penofol fixed to the wall, a crate of slats, bars or galvanized metal profiles is installed. This frame with a tanet base for mounting lining or wall cladding drywall sheets. The plasterboard surface can subsequently be covered with plaster, wallpapered, or carefully puttied and sanded, and then painted.
• It is very important when installing drywall or lining on the top and bottom of the structure to leave a gap that will serve vent hole for air circulation so that moisture does not accumulate.

Despite its small thickness, penofol is an excellent heat and sound insulator. It is used as a separate insulation, but it can also be used in combination with other materials. It attracts with the simplicity and speed of laying on walls, floors or ceilings, as well as with a long service life.

Video: insulation of internal walls with foil material

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

When choosing a material for insulating a dwelling from the inside, you must first examine all the surfaces of the walls on which thermal insulation will be installed. If the wall is dry and there are no mold spots on it, then you can start preparing the surface and purchase insulation material. It is strictly forbidden to carry out such work on an unprepared basis. Not only will such insulation not give the desired effect - you can thoroughly spoil the apartment atmosphere, make it damp, unhealthy, since spores of many types of mold or fungus are extremely dangerous for people's health, especially for those suffering from chronic respiratory diseases or a predisposition to allergic reactions. .

In general, any of the apartment methods presented in the publication from the inside will not require any complex additional equipment, and this technological process you can do it on your own.

In a previous article, we talked about . Today we will discuss how to insulate a wall in a panel house from the inside. We want to warn you right away that, if possible, it is necessary to give preference to external insulation. When laying thermal insulation from the inside, the dew point shifts into the wall, more precisely onto it. inner part. It turns out that condensation forms under the insulation, and with it mold. To avoid this, you need to use insulation that can pass steam, the best way- stone wool.

Materials for insulating the walls of a panel house from the inside

From the inside is best to use stone wool.

Before proceeding with the review of how to insulate a wall in a panel house from the inside, let's dwell on the materials. For internal work on thermal insulation of walls, the following are used:

• Styrofoam;
• extruded polystyrene foam;
• all types of mineral wool;
• insulation paint.

Warming a panel house from the inside is usually accompanied by the construction of false plasterboard walls, although if you do not plan to hang anything on the walls, then you can get by with several layers of plaster on top of the insulation. It is possible to plaster over polystyrene foam and its derivatives, as well as over high-density mineral wool.

mineral wool

Expanded polystyrene and mineral wool are equally popular for insulating a panel house from the inside, but cotton wool will still be preferable. Why is that:

• cotton wool - environmentally friendly material;
• cotton wool allows moisture to pass through;
• does not burn or smoke.

Of all types of mineral wool, it is preferable to opt for . Unlike all other species, it is not afraid of moisture, has the highest degree of resistance to heat. Wall insulation from the inside of a panel house with stone wool allows you to not use membranes - these are films for hydro and vapor barrier. The insulation will pass steam in both directions, like the concrete wall itself. This property allows you to avoid the accumulation of condensate between concrete and thermal insulation, respectively, there will be no mold either.

A big problem when insulating a wall from the inside of a panel house is to transfer the dew point to the middle of the room. The dew point is the limit at which warm air meets with cold, resulting in condensation. So if you create conditions so that the condensate can find a way out, then you don’t have to worry about the appearance of a fungus.

Expanded polystyrenes

The foam is simply glued to the wall, without additional fixation with dowels.

With polystyrene, things are somewhat different, since it practically does not let steam through. Because of this, all the negative consequences of the dew point shift will sooner or later make themselves felt. Mold is not visible under the insulation layer, but it will be there. At the same time, small spores of fungi will still fall into the middle of the room, and you will breathe them. This is highly undesirable, since, once in the body, they can cause various diseases, sometimes very serious.

If you decide to work with polystyrene anyway, then before insulating an apartment in a panel house from the inside, carefully study the characteristics of ordinary and extruded polystyrene foam. Extruded is denser, it is much more expensive than usual, but at the same time, the only benefit for the overpaid money is a lower degree of combustibility. It burns, just not as much as normal. Their thermal conductivity is almost the same (+/- a hundredth).

foil insulation

Reflective insulation is a whole other story. Its effect is not as significant as the ego is made out to be. As self material there is almost no sense from him, except perhaps in tandem with other heaters, and then if there is free finance. What tasks does reflective insulation perform:

• reflects IR rays from the material that is in front of the ventilation gap. Usually this is drywall, naturally, there is almost no IR radiation there;
• does not pass moisture - it is convenient if you are insulated with mineral wool. If you use stone wool or foam, then additional waterproofing is not needed;
• thanks to the basis of foamed polyethylene, it dampens noise and vibration - a few millimeters of polyethylene cannot be compared with the effect of 5 or 8 cm insulation.

There are no strong arguments in favor of using reflective insulation, especially considering the fact that the cost of insulation will be almost twice as expensive.

Insulation paint

Another new method how to insulate panel house appeared from the inside thanks to the engineers of the space industry. In space, weight is of decisive importance, so the task was to develop an ultra-thin and lightweight insulation, which was done. This is how the insulating paint appeared, which was used to cover the hulls of the space shuttles.

Today it is on sale as a liquid thermal insulation, which is used to insulate walls, pipelines, etc. The bottom line is that the paint has special granules that do not let heat through. At the same time, for some reason, there are doubts that a thin layer of paint will cope with reducing the heat loss of the room in the same way as 5 cm of mineral wool or polystyrene.

The method of work on the insulation of walls from the inside

For gluing foam boards adhesive foam works best.

Heaters in the apartment on concrete walls are fastened from the inside under false plasterboard walls. If you took the path of least resistance and chose stone wool or, in extreme cases, foam plastic as thermal insulation, then there should not be any difficulties in the work. How to insulate a corner apartment in a panel house:

• installation of structures made of metal profiles;
• laying under the thermal insulation guides on glue - you need to create a monolithic screen, so there should be no gaps at the joints;
• sheathing of a metal structure with plasterboard.

On drywall after it is puttied, you can glue any finish: tiles, wallpaper, decorative stones, papier-mâché or just paint. There are situations when it blows strongly from the corners. In this case, the question arises of how to insulate the corners in a panel house? Alternatively, you can simply blow them out with mounting foam from the inside or cover the joints of the plates with sealant. This should help, but if capital measures are needed, then it is necessary to insulate the interpanel seams from the outside. There is a technique called "Warm Seam". It involves cleaning the seam from all contents, filling it with special polyurethane foam, Vilaterma gasket and sealing the seam with mastic.

How to insulate a balcony in a panel house

Putty can be applied directly on the foam.

We have already told more than once how to insulate a balcony in a panel house. In principle, the technique is no different from wall insulation, only on the balcony, thermal insulation is also glued to the floor and ceiling. Let's think about how to do it with minimal cost and as quickly as possible. How do you see the already insulated balcony? Really lined with clapboard or plastic? If yes, then:

• glue the foam to the wall on the glue-foam;
• lay a wooden crate on top - fasten it to the wall with dowels directly through the foam;
• fasten the plastic trim elements to the crate with a stapler.

The thickness of the foam must be at least 50 mm, and preferably all 80 mm. No Penofol is needed - money thrown to the wind. It is not necessary to fasten sheets of foam plastic with plastic dowels, they will not fall off 100% anyway. The gaps between the sheets are also blown with glue foam, the remnants can not be removed, it will still be finishing. If you think that it will be more profitable to buy a universal construction adhesive, then you are mistaken - its price (relative to consumption) is equal to the price of adhesive foam, only plastic dowels will still be needed. You will also have to drill a lot, and if the walls are thin, then nothing good will come of it.

Another option is how to insulate a balcony in a panel house - for painting. You will not hang pictures or shelves on the walls there. The first layer of putty is applied to the foam glued with glue-foam, a fiberglass reinforcing mesh is sunk into it, then another layer of putty is applied. The surfaces are then allowed to dry, primed and painted. In this case, the foam should be taken with a density of at least 25 kg / m. Cube. This method is convenient, since you can always repaint the walls in a different color.

Internal insulation of a panel house without overpayments

Most often, insulation of a corner room in a panel house is required, since it has at least two outer walls. If it is not possible to insulate from the outside, then you will have to do it from the inside, although the first option is more correct and better. To make the apartment really warmer, you need to use foam or mineral wool at least 50 mm, preferably 80 mm. Extruded polystyrene foam is not necessary, it is unreasonably more expensive than usual. The only difference is that it does not burn and smoke so much.

Ideally, it is better to opt for stone (basalt) wool. It passes moisture, does not burn at all, respectively, does not smoke. It does not absorb moisture, so steam and hydrobarriers are not needed. But she's expensive - that's her only downside.

Budget option for wall insulation from the inside:

• polystyrene 50 mm is glued to the adhesive foam, the joints are sealed;
• a structure made of metal profiles is installed;
• wall drywall is attached.

Recall once again that no reflective insulation is needed - expensive and inefficient. It is only good for a bath, where there is a lot of IR radiation and it can also be glued behind the battery. Everything else is marketing and more marketing.

If it’s cold and uncomfortable in a house or apartment in cold weather, and you continue to pay huge sums for heating, then you should think about whether there is a reason why heat is not kept indoors. The simplest assumption is that heat escapes through the walls.

But internal insulation is usually carried out only in extreme cases, for example, when the authorities impose a ban on changing the facade. If there is a seam between buildings behind the wall, then external thermal insulation will also be impossible. Sometimes this approach cannot be implemented when there is an elevator shaft behind the wall or an unheated room to which there is no access.

Features of insulation from the inside

If you are faced with the question of how to insulate the walls brick house from the inside, then you must remember that the main problem in carrying out such work is the fact that the wall can begin to freeze even more. This results in a dew point shift as moisture begins to condense onto the surface of the wall. Condensation causes dampness, which destroys the materials and the finishing layer. All this contributes to the deterioration of the thermal insulation properties of the insulation, and the heat loss at the same time turns out to be even higher, high humidity is also added to this problem.

Brick walls are exposed to greater destruction. In order to avoid this, you should choose heaters, the vapor permeability of which is minimal, and there is no moisture absorption. During installation, there should be no joints and seams between the canvases through which condensed moisture could penetrate into the premises. These criteria do not fit:

• liquid ceramics;
• mineral wool;
• drywall;
• cork coating;
• warm plaster.

The last option can only be used at the final stage. Moisture-absorbing fibrous and vapor-permeable materials are not suitable for thermal insulation of walls from the inside. It is better to refuse from expanded polystyrene, because it is rather difficult to achieve proper joining of the material with the walls without using a solution. The joints between the canvases will play an important role in reducing tightness.

What to consider before starting insulation

Before you insulate the wall from the inside with your own hands, you must make sure that it is as dry as possible. The insulation must have a minimum vapor permeability and high moisture resistance. The wall from must be protected by hydro and vapor barrier. The insulation layer should not have cracks, joints and gaps.

If you want to insulate the walls in an apartment from the inside in a panel house, then one of the best solutions is the construction of another wall inside the room. It should fit snugly with the outer one or be separated from it by an air gap. Sometimes a layer of thermal insulation is placed between these surfaces, which acts as a buffer. But such measures reduce the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room to 7 m 3.

Material selection

Before starting work, you should ask yourself how to insulate the walls of the house from the inside. For example, polyurethane foam allows you to create a moisture-resistant barrier with high thermal insulation properties. The problem can only be expressed in the method of application. Initially, the material is a foamed liquid that quickly hardens. For the formation level ground and of sufficient thickness, the formwork should be installed, filling the interior space in parts. Using wireframes will not work. Elements of such a system made of metal or wood can also become sources of dampness.

After forming the surface of the insulating layer, it is necessary to install hydro- and vapor protection. For this, a plastic film is used, which is fixed to adjacent walls, floors and ceilings with the help of rails. Gluing is carried out with mastic or sealant.

Polyurethane foam is characterized by low strength and density. This indicates that subsequent finishing cladding and plastering will not be possible. To do this, it is necessary to erect drywall walls, which are erected on a frame and fixed on an adjacent wall, floor and ceiling. in this case, it will be located at the junction of polyurethane foam and the wall or in the thickness of the thermal insulation.

Insulation with a double wall

If you want to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside, then you can use the "Double Wall" technology. A warm floor will act as a thermal barrier. Heating elements are installed on the surface of the wall. Heating can only be switched on very coldy to heat the inside of the wall and shift the dew point.

For normal finishing of the room, a second wall of drywall or brick is installed. The insulation is mounted on a false wall from the side of the opening. This option will save in severe frosts and eliminate destruction, as well as the formation of dampness. But you will spend a lot of money on electricity. This is due to the fact that you will heat not only the volume of air in the room, but also the street.

The use of penoplex

If you still have not decided how to insulate the walls of the house from the inside, then you can use polystyrene foam or foam plastic. For the reason that it does not meet the characteristics for such work, special attention must be paid to installation work. The material is smooth sheets of dense material. Joints will certainly form between them during the installation process. It will not be possible to completely get rid of them, so a layer of sealant will have to be applied to the ends.

The technology of applying the solution with separate cakes should be abandoned. This is due to the fact that air chambers are formed as a result, where condensate accumulates. Water in this case finds cracks to enter the room. The only option would be to apply glue to the entire sheet and tightly adhere the material to the wall over the entire area. Before applying the solution, it is necessary to use a needle roller, which processes the surface of the material. This will ensure best penetration solution. This is especially true for the option with penoplex.

This mounting method will require wall alignment. Use normal cement-sand mortar it is forbidden. It is better to use a mixture that forms a waterproof layer. The use of anchor fasteners should also be abandoned. This is due to the fact that leaky transitions will form in the places of their installation.

If you plan to use the mesh reinforcement method and will apply plaster over the foam, then the structure should be reinforced with profiles that are located between the insulation sheets and are fixed from above and below to the floor and ceiling.

Work procedure

If you decide to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside, then after choosing a specific method of work, you must bring the surface into perfect condition. To do this, the old coating is removed from the base in the form of lining, decorative elements, paint and wallpaper. The plaster is also removed. You should see a concrete slab or brickwork.

The surface should be cleaned of dust and dirt with a broom and a vacuum cleaner. Particular attention should be paid to places where the walls were especially damp. Before insulating the wall from the inside, it should be treated with an antiseptic and coated with a primer. After each operation, the base is left until dry.

Priming should be with deep penetration. If you plan to use foam or heating elements, then the wall is plastered and leveled. In the process, you can use water repellents, ready-made mixtures for finishing pools and bathrooms. In this case, the method of plastering with the help of beacons is suitable. The technology is relevant if the magnitude of the differences is more than 10 mm.

The plaster layer should dry for several days. Only in this way will the material gain normal strength. This process should not be accelerated by heaters. The surface of the plaster is primed again. This step should be omitted if we are talking about concrete walls, which are equal. In the case of them, you can seal the joints with a moisture-resistant mortar, mastic or sealant.

Warming process

Quite often, home craftsmen are faced with the question of how to insulate a wall from the inside. In each case, the technology will be different. Some of the details have been described above. After the installation of the thermal insulation layer, a drying period follows. Only then can you proceed with the installation of the second wall, where the finishing finishing layer will be applied like tiles, wallpaper, paint or cork.

For the installation of drywall boards, you must form a frame. Plates will be attached to the ceiling, floor and walls. A gap of 5 cm should be left between the thermal insulation and the wall. If you want to use high-density polystyrene foam, then you can limit yourself to applying reinforcing mesh and plastering. But the durability and the result will depend on the quality of the installation of the foam. The joints between the sheets must be coated with sealant, and the canvases are fixed on a uniformly thin layer of mortar.

Insulation of a corner apartment with mineral wool

If you were among those who wondered how to insulate a corner wall from the inside, then you can use mineral wool as a material for work. It consists of natural fibers, is environmentally friendly and is made from rocks by melting them. Cloths of this thermal insulation have low weight, excellent sound insulation and low thermal conductivity. Mineral wool is ready to serve for quite a long time, and is installed on the wall between rails made of metal profiles or wood bars.

How to insulate a wall from the inside? This question is quite relevant for residents of corner apartments. When installing mineral wool on walls, you must take care of waterproofing. This is important, because the moistened heat insulator loses its properties. Before installation, the walls are covered with a moisture-proof film. You can make a frame from wooden slats, the distance between which will be equal to the width of the insulation plate. From this value it is necessary to subtract about 2 cm.

After laying the mineral wool, a layer of vapor barrier or a superdiffusion membrane is then covered. Rails are stuffed onto the guides, which will create an air gap, which is necessary for moisture to evaporate from the superdiffusion membrane. Plasterboard or plywood is stuffed onto the rails. With mineral wool it is better to work with glasses and gloves, as well as a respirator.

Insulation of a corner apartment with foam

If you are concerned about the question of how to insulate a wall in corner apartment from the inside, then for this you can also use foam. It is more common for the reason that it is easy to mount, and its cost is affordable. For an apartment, you can purchase polystyrene foam, which contains substances that prevent ignition. Before laying the slabs on a leveled wall, apply liquid waterproofing. Tile adhesive should be applied to the sheets of insulation. A comb spatula acts as a tool for this.

After filling the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe wall, a mounting grid is glued on top, which is covered with putty. Once dry, the surface can be wallpapered or painted. Before insulating a wall from the inside, you should consider what material to use. If foam or foam plastic is used, then fungus and mold can form between the moisture-proof layer and the wall. This also applies to foil penofol. This is due to the fact that the wall in the panel or brick house stops breathing, and in conditions of a cold circuit and access to moisture, it begins to become covered with condensate.

Insulation with drywall

If you want to resolve the issue of how to insulate a brick wall from the inside, you can use the technology that involves the use of drywall. This method is fast and simple. A distance of 3 cm must be maintained from the draft surface to the front base. With an increase in this space, more insulation will fit into the voids of the structure. This method is great for large rooms, because the wall thickens during the installation of thermal insulation.

The process begins with the installation of a frame made of metal profiles. They are removed from the wall by 2 cm. The frame must be made of a galvanized profile. A tape is glued to the sole of the elements to isolate the surface from the plaster. This will protect the drywall from the cold that is transmitted through the metal profile. Mineral wool is placed in the cavity of the frame, and the layer between the wall and drywall will also become a heater.

The next step is the installation of drywall. When insulating rooms with high humidity do not save - better buy moisture resistant material. At the final stage, the tiles are finished with wallpaper.

Thermal insulation in a panel house

How to insulate a panel wall from the inside is an urgent issue that interests many apartment owners. For work, you can use plaster. If it's about brickwork, then you will be able to cope with the work in a short time. The material is laid in three layers, each of which dries well.

At the first stage, the composition is applied by spraying. This will fill in all the bumps and gaps. The thickness does not exceed 10 mm. The main stage is the application of a primer layer 5 cm thick. The effectiveness of thermal insulation will depend on the quality of this stage.

If you want to know how to insulate a wall in a panel house from the inside, you can use foam. Even a beginner can handle its installation. But mineral wool, although it is an excellent option, takes up more space. It has one important advantage, which is expressed in the fact that in the process of fixing the material does not need a prepared layer of plaster.

The walls of a panel house need additional insulation over time. Unlike brick buildings, with temperature differences, they can freeze, accumulate moisture, which leads to the destruction of the external facade of the house, the appearance of cracks, mold and other unpleasant changes. Residents may notice that the apartments are cold, despite the presence of heating. To eliminate the consequences of such changes, and to keep the level of heat inside the premises as much as possible, it is recommended to insulate the panel house from the outside.

Benefits of outdoor insulation

External insulation of the house will not only prevent heat leakage through the walls, but also protect the facade from further destruction. Using various options decorative design in exterior finish the house will look new. In addition, wall insulation from the outside has the following advantages:

• no need for time repair work evict tenants from the house,
• increasing the temperature inside the building by protecting the walls from freezing and other adverse effects of weather conditions,
• no resizing interior spaces- full living space is preserved,
• insulation technology strengthens the supporting structure of the panel house, the building becomes more durable and its service life increases,
• a layer of insulation on the outside acts as an additional good soundproofing of the building.

External wall insulation is most effective for panel houses - it is possible to save up to 50% of heat.

Types of insulation

The choice of what material is better to insulate the walls from the outside is influenced by:

• location of the panel house in a certain climatic region,
• rainfall, wind strength and speed,
• allocated budget for the insulation of a panel house,
• other individual factors.

useful at work

The estimate and project for the work is usually Management Company or HOA. And the team of industrial climbers directly performs the process of warming from the outside.

For panel houses, two types of insulation are mainly used:

Mineral wool

For outdoor work, it is convenient to work with mineral wool slabs, which are produced by various manufacturers. She has good performance in terms of basic characteristics, including thermal conductivity. However, care must be taken to ensure that mineral wool does not get wet, otherwise it will lose its thermal insulation properties. To do this, a vapor-permeable membrane is laid under the insulation layer, which will protect it from vapors.

When finishing with a ventilated facade, condensate from the walls of the house will be removed due to the air gap and the membrane can be omitted.

Styrofoam

Differs in ease, simplicity when laying plates on a wall. Also has good parameters for heat and sound insulation. For outdoor work, it is important to use a material that does not support self-combustion. Manufacturers mark it with the G1 marking, however, the results of many tests confirm that the foam is flammable, and this name does not meet the requirements of GOST 30244-94. When buying a heater, be sure to ask the seller for product certificates.

It is important to know

The insulation of a panel house from the outside is limited by the thickness of the insulating material. The maximum value of foam plastic thickness for walls is calculated using special formulas, taking into account average temperatures in a certain climatic region and the purpose of the building (residential, public, industrial).

Stages of the facade insulation process

Depending on the method of insulation chosen, the installation will vary. There are two main technologies:

1. Wet Facade
2. Ventilated facade

The process of warming with a "wet" method is described below.

Wall surface preparation

It is necessary to carefully prepare the surface of the facade of the house in order to insulate it with high quality. Each wall is leveled, cleaned of various deposits, voids and cracks are sealed, especially paying attention to the joints of the panels. If necessary, a sealant is laid in them, the gaps are smeared with special mastics.
Irregularities of the wall surface are allowed within 1 - 2 cm, but no more.
After cleaning and processing the joints, the walls are left to dry. They are then covered universal primer using a roller or sprayer.

Insulation installation

Mounting of heat-insulating material on the walls is possible in three ways:

• for glue
• fasteners (dowels, plastic nails),
• combination of glue with fasteners.

The video shows in detail the method of fixing the foam with a dowel for thermal insulation.

For example, the foam is fixed in a combined way from the first floor to the upper ones. At the bottom, a starting bar is installed, from which insulation begins to be glued. In this case, the glue is applied to the walls gently with a spatula, filling in the existing irregularities. Then foam sheets are pressed tightly against the treated surface. The evenness of the rows of insulation is checked by a level. Before the adhesive base sets, it is possible to correct minor errors. Now you need to wait 2 - 3 days for the glue to dry completely and the insulation to be well fixed on the walls. Next, the foam is additionally fixed with dowels - 4 - 5 pieces per sheet. Holes for fasteners are made with a puncher.

The second and subsequent rows of foam sheets are laid in a checkerboard pattern so that the joints of adjacent layers do not match. All seams between the insulation and the gaps from the fasteners are filled with a special mounting foam, designed specifically for the installation of polystyrene foam, in order to minimize the likelihood of heat leakage. Such foam is produced in cylinders and it is better to apply it with a special gun. Excess, the remains of the foam after drying cut off.

Grid pinning

Styrofoam is a rather fragile material, therefore, to give strength and rigidity to the insulation elements, it is reinforced. To do this, a special stable mesh is installed on the outside of the foam sheets. It is convenient to cut it into separate parts of the same size and fasten with an overlap in small fragments. A layer of a special adhesive solution for facade work is evenly applied to the insulated surfaces, and the mesh is pressed into it. Then another adhesive layer is applied for alignment. After installing the grid on the whole house, they are waiting for the glue to dry in order to treat the surfaces with sandpaper from smudges of the mortar and irregularities during the fastening process.
The reinforcement provides mechanical stability for the final decorative coating of the panel house.

Finishing

After insulation, external facades, as a rule, are decorated decorative plaster. For the best adhesion of materials, the general layer of thermal insulation is primed again.
In addition, for residential apartment buildings often use the technology of hinged ventilated facades. The thermal insulation layer has already been completed - it remains to mount the outer cladding with a ventilation gap.

Today there is a wide range of materials for exterior finish in the hinged facade system:

• metal products (profiling, siding, facade cassettes),
• aluminum composite panels
• slabs of porcelain stoneware, natural or artificial stone.

Each of them can be selected according to the external structure, color scheme and other characteristics.
Ventilated facade technology not only protects the walls of the building, but also allows you to implement a variety of design ideas and solutions.
To fix the ventilated facade, an additional frame will be required.

The process of warming panel houses can be carried out during their reconstruction or overhaul. If your choice fell on the “wet” facade technology, it is advisable to plan work in the summer or at temperatures above 5°C. When using ventilated facades, installation can be done year-round.