Perfectly even base in a short time: what attracts mechanized plaster. Methods of mechanization of plastering works Mechanized method of applying plaster what mechanisms are used

09.05.2020

The process of applying plaster is quite laborious, and a person who encounters such a thing for the first time will spend a lot of time, but may not get the desired result.

A special machine for plaster will help to do everything much faster and at the same time much better.

Insofar as appearance home creates the first impression of the owners, then most want to make it perfect and unique. This is one way to bring an idea to life.

But, as already mentioned, this process is quite laborious because it includes many stages: mixing the solution, applying it, leveling, rubbing. Plastering machines will make this job easier, and even make everything much better.

You can list the advantages of using them for a long time, but still:

can work for applying mortar inside the house and for facade decoration;
the surface turns out to be almost perfectly even, and it is very difficult for a beginner to do this, and even an experienced master does not always succeed;
can prepare a solution without lumps and other inclusions (not all models have such a function);
quickly perform a certain amount of work;
no need to additionally grind, putty the surface if it is not prepared;
the level of adhesion increases, due to the high pressure under which the solution is supplied. This helps to increase the life of the applied layer;
the amount of materials that the plastering machine uses is much less, since there is no need to repeatedly eliminate the shortcomings in the work.

Despite all the positive aspects of using such a device, there are several disadvantages that you need to be prepared for:

if you choose large devices, then their weight is very large and the forces of several people are needed to move;
some devices use more power than the standard 220 V, in which case another phase must be connected;
you need to work quickly, because the prepared solution hardens within 30 minutes, and the remains in the hose will ruin it;
large models are quite noisy, during internal work in high-rise building, you must first agree with the neighbors;
large-sized devices are washed with a large amount of water up to 30 liters.

Types of devices

All plastering machines are divided into three types:

Plaster stations. It's bulky professional models. Almost all the work is done without human intervention, you just need to rearrange them in time. There are stationary options, they can only be moved using a crane, and mobile (mobile) options - there is a convenient chassis with which the device moves.

Pneumococci and pneumatic pistols. Significantly smaller dimensions for such machines for plastering walls. Convenient for home use, the solution must be prepared in separate container.

mechanical models. Some craftsmen call such devices "hurdy-gurdy", because in order to apply the solution to the surface, you need to rotate the handle on the body. These are the most popular and simple devices for self-applying plaster.

How the machine works and its device

All plastering machines consist of:

engine (power ranges from 0.5 to 1 kW, depending on the purpose of the device - it is better to choose a more powerful one for applying plaster on the facade);
solution tank;
hose and sprayer;
compressor.

In fact, all devices work in the same way: whether they are huge aggregates of plastering stations, or small manual pneumoguns. A dry mix and water are loaded into the tank if these are professional plastering stations where the mortar is mixed. In this case, the plaster mortar is of very high quality, without any lumps, the master himself regulates the density.

But there are models that can themselves set the amount of liquid for a certain weight of the mixture to obtain the ideal consistency. These machines have electronic control and they need to be connected to the central water supply.

And there are those who do everything myself, just stand and watch.

If this is a small unit intended for home use, then a ready-made solution is placed in the tank. The compressor pumps air into the tank, and under pressure through the nozzle, the solution is applied to the surface. At the same time, the person regulates the amount of mortar that is applied to the wall, moving the hose from side to side and gradually filling the entire wall.

Safety

In order to avoid unforeseen situations, when working with a plastering machine, as with any electrical appliance, you must follow the safety rules:

people need to wear goggles and suits to protect against contact with small particles on the mucous membranes of the eyes and skin, which may be in a liquid solution;
the hose must not be directed towards the person;
for work use only special mixtures without dyes;
the sprayer must be held perpendicular to the wall;
in order for the solution to be applied with high quality, the air temperature should be at least 5 degrees;
if the device is turned on, do not clean the channels, add components of the solution, carry out repair work.

How to apply plaster with a device

Before applying the solution to the wall, it is necessary to prepare the surface:

Remove old coating, if any.
Remove nails, patch holes.
Apply a layer of primer, wait until it dries.
Install reinforcing mesh and beacons if necessary.

After that, you need to prepare a solution for plaster either in the machine, if there is such a function, or in a separate container and load it into the tank. After that, the nozzle is sent to the upper left corner of the wall and open the valve.

It is necessary to apply plaster on a segment with a width of no more than 65–70 cm, after which it is necessary to go down to the bottom row, necessarily capturing the previous one by several centimeters (up to 10). The slower the master moves, the thicker the layer is applied to the wall, this must be taken into account.

The entire plastering process should be carried out by two people. While one is applying a layer to the wall, the other, using the rule, evens out the applied layer until it is completely frozen. If suddenly there are voids on the surface after leveling, you need to add a solution from the hose and re-go through the rule.

Often in the corners or at the junctions of the ceiling and walls, minor flaws appear. They are removed with a conventional spatula. After all the walls have been processed, the plastering machine must be disassembled and thoroughly washed so that the remains of the solution do not clog the channels and the device lasts as long as possible.

A video on how to apply plaster with a manual machine.

Where is a plastering machine used?

With this device, you can easily plaster not only the walls inside or outside the house. And he also showed himself well when leveling the ceiling, where it is much harder to carry out already difficult work.

You can also use a plastering machine for:

application of gypsum and cement mortars;
thin-layer plaster;
priming and puttying;
creating a self-leveling floor;
painting works;
cement concrete screed.

How to make a car with your own hands

A device for applying plaster can be made independently, if there is such a desire and opportunity. For this you will need:

old fire extinguisher;
air compressor;
hose and tube.

A fire extinguisher cylinder is the best fit, since it has a handle, a trigger lever, and a nozzle. All you have to do is remove the bottom. Such a cylinder must be held upside down, so the solution will be supplied from above.

You also need to make a small hole in front of the nozzle and fix the air supply tube there, so that it is about 2 cm from the outlet. The smaller the gap between the tube and the nozzle, the more the solution will be thrown out.

You also need to pay attention to the nozzle itself. It is desirable that its diameter does not exceed 4-5 mm, in which case the highest quality jet will be formed.

Next, you need to attach the compressor with a hose to the tube and the device is ready. If you create a small pressure, then the layer will turn out to be quite rough, but with an increase in pressure, a smoother surface will be obtained.

Builders never did simple work. Finishing - from the category of the most time-consuming processes when performing repairs.

But new ones reach this market sector along with mechanization. Thanks to the appearance of a plastering machine, the need for manual performance of complex operations disappears.

The unit replaces a whole team of finishers. From the point of view of economy, a do-it-yourself plastering machine will become profitable.

A person should still be nearby, because these installations do not belong to the group of autonomous robots.

But the most routine and complex is performed by the unit itself.

If we talk about physical activity, then it is difficult to prepare solutions. The machine can cook everything by itself.

The fact that water and dry mixtures have clearly dosed proportions becomes important, but the unit allows you to constantly obtain high quality mixtures.

The complete exclusion of the human factor is guaranteed, and this is important when carrying out such procedures.

The components are mixed mechanically. The supply of the composition is carried out at high speed. Air is included in the solution. This saves money - the mixture takes up more volume at a lower cost. If compared with handmade, this solution is much better.

The machine is able to do the same job as a whole team of workers, only much faster, and the mortar is quickly and evenly applied to the walls and it also takes less time to dry.

All this contributes to the fact that the overall quality of the finish is increased.

The management of such a machine is accessible and understandable to users with any level of training. Any buyer will understand the instructions, without additional help. The same applies to maintenance, repair, if necessary.
The units are made with small dimensions. For transportation, the design is supplied with handles and wheels.
Models are most often assembled from separate modules. The machine can be quickly disassembled and reassembled at any time. An actual property for those who are interested in long-distance transportation, storage.
If the unit is serial, then all the main work processes are regulated in it. Thanks to this, the machines can be used not only on large, but also on small construction sites, with small teams of workers.

What are the features of the technology

For uninterrupted operation, the device needs constant access to electrical network. The presence of running water is also an important requirement, but only in some situations.

But do not be upset if there is no device on the sites that can take water from other places. Many models are equipped with a pump that pumps liquid from any container.

The machines have bunker parts where dry mixtures are fed. Permissible backfill and mixtures in ready-made that are produced in factories.

The solution must get inside special chambers; for this, a screw method is used. It is mixed with water. The process is organized continuously.

The mortar hose, its end, holds a special tool. It usually looks like a pistol. That allows you to apply the mixture on an even and uniform layer.

The application of material to the surface is carried out with several modes supported by plaster guns. What is the consistency of the solution, what type of surface to be treated is determined by changes in technology.

Plaster machines operate on several types of pumps:

Diaphragm
screw
Piston

The design necessarily includes a cyclic block. As a result, mixing is continuous.

Conventional units are distinguished by a simpler device.

About handmade cars

Of course, in mass production it is easy to find high-quality and practical, powerful tools.

But the price for many will be the main disadvantage.

Fulfilling one-time work, not everyone decides to purchase expensive devices.

And rent is not always available to buyers.

But even in such situations there is a way out - homemade plastering machines.

They will be inferior to mass-produced models in terms of power and performance, but differ in acceptable cost.

And the work will not cause much trouble.

As a basis for creating such a tool as a do-it-yourself plastering machine, we take an ordinary fire extinguisher, with a capacity of up to 4 liters. It has most of the details we need. Among them are pens and cylinders where they are placed. And a lever that opens the valve on the hole at the exit.
If the volume is larger, the product will become too bulky. A small container will need to be refilled too often.

It all starts with a cut of the bottom of the fire extinguisher. A homemade machine works in the same way as an airbrush. In this case, the capacity of the fire extinguisher - plays the role of a solution hopper, its bottom should be at the top.

And then at its end, nozzles with a diameter of 4-5 millimeters are carried out. Air is supplied through it, which is taken from the compressor.

The power of the device is determined by several factors at once:

The gap between the parts of the inlet nozzle, as well as nozzles
What is the diameter of the outlet hole?
Air pressure

The mixture is ejected more actively as the outlet nozzle approaches the nozzle.

15-20 millimeters from the nozzle to the nozzle will be enough for those who perform plastering under a fur coat. But the distance to the nozzle needs to be smaller when it comes to fine mixtures. It is important to increase the compressor pressure.

You can complicate the design somewhat. For example, threading metal pipes with diameters in accordance with the requirements.

And the pipe itself is then attached to the nuts, using gaskets with a seal. Then the gap will be easier to adjust, and the connection will be scalded.

But the easiest option is to mount with simultaneous sealing of the tube. Resin is indispensable in this process. How to create a plaster machine with your own hands - the video shows more clearly:

To do this, you need to perform the following set of actions:

A certain position is important for the bunker part, which is already equipped with a tube on this stage. It is necessary to make sure that 45 degrees is equal to the angle between the horizon, as well as the axis of the hole at the exit.
Resin pouring liquid form. With that calculation, the final level was slightly lower than the injector. Then the fire extinguisher is left alone until the resin part has completely hardened.
The option when everything is filled with resin has its advantages - the liquid goes along the surface with an inclination, flowing straight to the nozzle
It is necessary to acquire a compressor that creates pressure up to 2 atmospheres. We connect the connecting hoses, fill. You can get to work.

Application technique details

The surface requires careful preparation before starting work. Preparatory process- the same as before the manual application of the plaster. It is imperative to inspect the surface, and then get rid of the old finishing layers, if any. The main requirement is the absence of oily, wet spots on the materials. Only a clean and dry, strong base is allowed. Fungus and mold will only interfere with further work.
The next step is to move on to the primer. The process depends on what types of solution we use. For application use ordinary rollers, brushes. But you need to put corner profiles and beacons before you start work. Fastening takes place on, or on mounting glue.
You can take the machine, connect it to the process. Each device comes with instructions that are as easy to understand as possible. The main thing is to carry out a preliminary check with hoses, punctures are unacceptable.
Work begins when the operator stands at a certain angle in relation to the material to be processed. The dominant hand is needed to hold the gun. And the second is needed to fix the hose.

They begin with the fact that the mixture is transferred to cracks and depressions with large dimensions. After that, they proceed to applying the compositions on the surface, evenly distributing it. It is customary to start plastering in the left corner of the room, which is located at the very top.

If work is being done with, then the starting point is the angle. Usually the one with the longest distance.

The composition should be laid only in the form of even strips. Each of them should have a length of 700 millimeters. The laying step is selected according to the thickness of the application.

The plaster is laid in several layers if the material itself is thick. The main thing is that the time interval between applications does not exceed 30 minutes.

Solutions for mechanized plaster

It is most convenient to use mixtures that are designed specifically for this job. Indoors more often resort to cement bases, plaster.

The exception is objects where humidity is always high. For facade decoration, it is recommended to give preference exclusively to the cement component.

Among the materials suitable for use in such situations, cement-sand mortars are also noted. But, while preparing it, it is required to observe the consistency, proportion.

But it is the use of specialized mixtures that will make it possible to obtain a high quality coating. Plasticizers and other substances are added to the composition of the solutions, due to which the texture improves, all work is facilitated. Like the very creation of a plastering machine with your own hands, the drawings will confirm this.

Special purpose mixes offer the following benefits to owners:

Improving the sound and heat insulation properties of walls. If the composition contains a special component like perlite.
Creating a favorable climate, because the compositions differ in vapor permeability.
Easier achievement of the effect of a perfectly flat surface. This applies even to curved sections,.
High-quality connection with the walls.
Now drying takes not so much time.

It is easy to find compositions on the market that are designed specifically for machine plaster. But most manufacturers prefer to supply formulations with versatile features. They carry out plastering both manually and mechanically.

About plastering machines. Classes and sizes, work performed

The most attractive look devices made in Western countries, compared with other analogues of the factory type.

For example, Knauf produces devices that are distinguished by high performance, compact dimensions, and support for many functions.

Such machines also work for the dyeing process, and not only for supplying the solution to the walls, its direct preparation.

The plaster machine from RFTRitmoM is another development with miniature dimensions. At the same time, it surpasses its huge counterparts, if you study the functionality.

Regardless of the size of the equipment, at least one or two operators are required to service these machines. The technical equipment is almost not determined by the class and size of the devices, it is almost the same everywhere. It includes:

Compressor devices that spray the composition on the surface, supplying it to the materials at a certain pressure.
Chambers that mix the elements of the solution.
Containers where water with a dry mixture is stored.
Solution pump.

Automation has become widespread in modern models. Thanks to this, the work of operators becomes easier and easier. In this case, the preparation of the solution is carried out with parameters that are set exactly.

Sets with nozzles, in which the nozzle has a different diameter, also make the task easier. They determine how intense the spray will be with the feed.

Additional Rules for Mechanical Plastering

Usually maintain a strictly right angle when holding the gun near the surfaces to be treated. The case of the gun and the material itself must be located on, not exceeding three dozen centimeters.

The gun moves at a certain speed, which gives access to the adjustment of the layer that is distributed over the surface. The layer of plaster will be thicker if the gun is moved more slowly.

Approximately 10 kg \ m2 squared is the consumption of MP75 brand plaster.

The main thing is that the width of the grips does not exceed 70 centimeters. And each next one is applied to the previous one with an overlap of 5-10 cm.

About the types of plaster

Plaster can be heat-insulating, cement or gypsum. Gypsum machine plaster is the most popular.

It implies that only natural ones are used. The environmental safety of gypsum has been scientifically confirmed.

Cement is used if gypsum cannot be used due to the amount of work. And heat-insulating - if other materials do not allow obtaining the required characteristics.

About the features of gypsum plastering machines

This type of work has its own advantages, in comparison with other solutions:

No need to additionally treat the walls with putty.
The presence of a single-layer alignment of the bases, with a layer of up to 50 mm.
The ability to regulate the microclimate in the room, environmental safety.
Whiteness, to a high degree.

Qualified adjustment of equipment affects how the result will turn out. This is the only way to avoid unnecessary material costs. Long, costly puttying is easier to avoid by using modified mixes.

The main thing is to understand that mortar mixing pumps are only needed to work with dry mixes. Filling the receiving hopper of machines does not tolerate free experiments.

Compared to traditional compounds, specialized mixtures shrink much less.

They resist cracks, their appearance anywhere.

The surface is leveled in layers, with a thickness of 5 to 100 millimeters.

The low weight of the specific type, the ability to combine with any materials are the main advantages for practical use.

Plaster machines have a short payback period, because they are universal. Perfect option application - when three people are involved in the work.

One of them works with the machine, two continue to plaster, rub the walls. This will reduce the time for work. Gypsum solutions are good because they are consumed very little.

These materials also have a lower specific gravity compared to analogues. Due to this, transport costs are reduced, there is less work for the plasterers themselves. The load on the foundation base is reduced to a minimum.

I decided to make myself a plaster gun. Such a gun greatly facilitates the work when plastering walls, especially at the stage of spraying the solution onto the wall. And it does it much better than manual sketching. Drops of the solution are much smaller than with manual, penetrate better into small irregularities of the wall and, since they fly from a pressure gun, adhere to the wall much better.

The spraying process is very fast. one square meter surface is covered plaster mortar in less than a minute. The thickness of the plaster layer is very precisely controlled.

In addition, this method allows you to create a textured pattern of plaster in the form of "pimples". According to which various patterns can be forced out, imitating masonry made of stone, large blocks, etc.

The principle of operation of the plaster gun is simple. The air escaping from the nozzle carries the plaster particles with it, spraying the plaster onto the wall. The container for plaster is a ladle, which is convenient to collect plaster from another container, where it is drained from the mortar mixer or in which it is prepared. The scheme of the plaster gun is shown in the figures.

The front inclined wall of the gun allows you to apply plaster both on vertical planes and on the opposite - horizontal ones (ceiling). Only in this case it is more convenient to use a mixture of the "rotbant" type, since it is lighter than a simple plaster mixture.

The closed part of the top cover of the container also contributes to this. When repeating the design, it is important to observe the approximate dimensions of the nozzle and the distance between the nozzle and the hole in the front wall of the gun bucket. The nozzle diameter was approximately 4-5 mm, the distance to the front wall was 15-20 mm. Front hole diameter 10-13 mm. My bucket is made from a segment of a 5 liter rectangular canister from some kind of solvent. Only the front wall I made of galvanized steel. The connection is made on rivets.

As a handle and a valve for turning the air on and off, a ready-made purchased “gun” for various pneumatic tools was used. Since its front is threaded, the gun itself is fixed in a hole made in the hopper.

But since the weight of the solution is decent, and the spray gun itself is made of thin aluminum, it is additionally fixed with two strips of the same duralumin. A handle is also attached to the hopper. Handle angle 45 degrees. Handle on the left side. Well, if someone is left-handed, then it must be done on the right side.

Wall plastering.

The plaster mortar is prepared in the usual way (sand, cement, lime). The mortar must be much harder than when plastering by hand. A lump squeezed by hands should roughly hold its shape and not give moisture to the hand during compression.

It is possible to plaster with a softer and more elastic mixture, the device will throw it without problems. But there will be problems with shrinkage and cracks. And also with the flow of the solution from the bunker. The leveling process will also be a little more difficult.

So, we kneaded the mixture, set up beacons. The wall was primed if necessary. Now we connect the compressor to the gun with a hose. We set the pressure to 2-3 atmospheres. Right hand we hold the pistol by the handle, and the left by the handle on the bunker. We collect plaster, using the bunker as a scoop. We shake off the remnants of the solution from the outer surfaces of the hopper. We bring the gun to the wall at a distance of about 15-20 cm. We press the trigger, smoothly moving the gun between the beacons. We fill the gap between the beacons from the bottom up until the entire gap is filled. Then we take a board / rail or a rule, and remove the remnants of the plaster.

Since the mix is stiff, it doesn't drag on the board or slide off the wall. Also, it does not give much shrinkage, which allows plastering in one layer with a primed wall. You can easily pre-spray the solution.

At exterior finish insulation boards (for example, polystyrene foam), we select the density of the mixture depending on the desired size of the "pimples". A harder solution gives a smaller size. You can also play with the nozzle diameter and distance to the wall, as well as the diameter of the hole in front of the hopper. You can also apply several nozzles and inserts to the hopper opening to increase the speed of work. But even with a single nozzle, the device applies the volume of the bucket (~ 1 liter) in 10-20 seconds. In general, you will quickly master this tool.

Especially its performance shows itself in applying the solution on fairly equal surfaces (Polystyrene foam, flat brickwork, concrete wall etc.)

Stanislav Zahazhevsky (Lithuania)

The use of a mechanized surface plastering method allows you to get a perfectly even base for further finishing in just one day. At the same time, the quality of wall plastering is much higher than when using a mechanized method. Let's talk about how to plaster walls by machine.

Machine plaster by hand: features of a machine for making plaster
Mix for mechanized plasters - features cooking
Plastering walls mechanized way - technology holding

Machine plaster by hand: features of a machine for making plaster

In the process of making machine plaster, a special device is used. Its main function is to knead the solution and ensure its high-quality mixing. As a result, it is possible to obtain a composition ideal in consistency for plastering.

The manual part of the work involves only filling the inside of the device with the necessary components in the right amount. In the mixing part of the mechanism, the composition is kneaded, and the plaster is fed from the storage hopper to the surface. With the help of a special nozzle, the composition is evenly sprayed on the wall.

This device has a rather complex structure, so it is quite difficult to make an apparatus for machine plastering with your own hands.

The person performing the plastering should only direct the hose away from the device, ensuring an even coverage of the wall in relation to the beacons. Excessive application of the solution reduces the strength of the plaster, and insufficient - leads to the appearance of gaps on the walls. Optimal value The thickness of the spray is from 10 to 35 cm.

As part of the device for plastering, there is always a reservoir, into which water with cement enters. Thanks to a certain program, the device independently controls the proportions of the ingredients. Inside a special tank, the ingredients are combined with each other.

Special nozzles significantly speed up the speed of plastering. Leveling the composition on the wall is done with large spatulas. The speed of mechanical plastering is 5 times higher than manual plastering. In addition, two people are enough to complete the work. One of them applies the composition to the wall, and the second levels it.

Begin work by measuring the curvature of the wall. For these purposes, use the level. On the outside corners it is necessary to install guides made of aluminum. Further, the work is automated and involves the application of the composition to the surface.

Initially, the device is connected to water and electricity. Further, the dry composition is poured into the inside of the bunker. Some machines for making plaster are equipped with a special pump that pumps water if there is no centralized water supply on the site.

With the help of a feeding auger, the plaster composition is delivered to a special chamber in which it is combined with water. The machine, throughout the entire working process, continuously mixes the finished composition. Therefore, the quality of the solution is very high. technological characteristics, the composition has good adhesion to the base.

Next, the solution is transported through a hose to the surface. A spatula, trowel, rule helps to level the mortar on the wall. The type of tool used is determined by the nature and location of the work. After leveling the surface, the solution is left to dry. To control the evenness of applying plaster by machine, a level is used. In order to eliminate small scratches, the wall is polished with a special sponge.

Comparing the manual and mechanized method of performing wall plastering, the former has the following advantages:

The solution is mixed and brought to the desired consistency by an automated method. At the same time, the physical costs of plastering are reduced.
The consistency of the solution is the same at all stages of work. Since the machine constantly mixes it. Therefore, the surface is not covered with cracks or irregularities.
The mechanized plastering method reduces the amount of mortar to be applied to the wall.
The execution time is several times less than when using the manual method.
High quality plastered surface, smooth texture, no defects.

Mix for mechanized plaster - preparation features

There are two options for compositions for mechanized machine plastering: liquid and dry. With their help, it is possible to process surfaces of various compositions, which are based on drywall, concrete, reinforced concrete, brick, aerated concrete. The temperature range of application of the solution is limited to 5-30 degrees Celsius.

Initially, the surface should be treated with a primer that improves the adhesion between the wall and the plaster. After it dries, further work is carried out. The corner profile is fixed on a particularly durable plaster mortar. Facade plastering involves the use special mixtures on a cement-sand basis. Water is used to breed it. Special additives in the composition of such plaster are ways to regulate the level of its plasticity and hardening time. The same compositions are used for finishing pools and rooms and a high level of humidity.

For internal plastering, gypsum-based compositions are suitable. They are able to set quickly, however, they are not suitable for rooms with a high level of humidity. The material passes air well, so it allows the walls to breathe. As a result, it is possible to obtain a perfectly even coating for further finishing.

When working with cement-sand compositions, it is necessary to wait for them to dry completely in order for them to gain strength. The composition that is applied by machine is more liquid than the one that is applied by hand. Since it should be sprayed on the surface.

Plastering walls in a mechanized way - the technology of carrying out

The relevance of using a mechanized method of applying plaster is primarily justified in large areas. The process of plastering them lasts one or two days, despite the fact that by hand, even a week would not be enough to complete it.

To perform mechanized application of plaster, it is necessary to have a plastering station and a gun, which has a compressor that supplies the composition under pressure. As a result, it is possible to obtain perfectly smooth walls, the plaster on which is durable and has a long service life.

The plaster station is an independent system inside which the mortar is prepared. Then he gets to the gun and is fed to the wall. The dry composition is poured into a bunker tank, which is filled with water. It is necessary to hold the gun firmly, as the solution enters under high pressure. The gun must be at right angles to the surface to be plastered.

Another option for mechanized machine plastering is the use of a cartouche gun. This device does not prepare the solution on its own, but involves pouring the already prepared mixture into upper part device. Next, the compressor is turned on, which sprays the solution over the surface. The gun is constantly held in the hands and creates a high mechanical load on the person working with it. It is less convenient than a plastering station.

Another option for applying plaster in a mechanized way is the use of a pneumatic shovel. Throwing the composition on the wall is carried out thanks to a special steel container that scoops up the composition.

There are shovels for walls or for ceilings, in addition, they differ in relation to the shape, size and location of the buckets. The productivity of work with such a device is an order of magnitude lower than with a special station.

In any case, before applying mechanized plaster, it is necessary to prepare the surface. The walls or ceiling are cleaned of dust and dirt, beacons are installed. Next, the primer composition is applied, and then the corner guides are installed. Since they are made of metal, they must be treated with an anti-corrosion compound.

After that, the plastering of the surface begins. Dry mixes are placed in the hopper of the machine, the amount of water, most models of devices for mechanized plastering, are determined independently by using pumping station. The plaster is applied in a direction perpendicular to the walls. If there is a surplus, they are sent to the part of the wall that has not yet been filled with plaster or to hard-to-reach places.

Plaster grouting is carried out after 3-4 hours from the moment it is applied to the wall. With its help, it is possible to get rid of significant defects on the walls and give them smoothness. Next, you need to wait for the complete drying of the composition, which is carried out for three days. After that, proceed to the finishing plastering of the surface. If available indoors high humidity, the drying time of the composition increases to seven days.

The hose from the machine must be led along the line, the next line should overlap the previous one halfway. Thus, it is possible to achieve a uniform distribution of the composition on the wall and increase the smoothness of the coating. Lighthouses should be under plaster.

If beacons were used, made of metal, then they are removed immediately after the work is completed. Thus, the walls will not be covered with corrosion. To plaster the grooves under the beacons, use a hand tool.

The final stage is grinding the surface with a rubber float. The surface is moistened with water and rubbed. Thus, the use of a device for machine plaster greatly simplifies the process of preparing the mortar and applying it to the surface.

The technology of applying plaster in a mechanized way

The process of applying plaster on the walls in a mechanized way consists of the following steps:

Transportation of equipment to the construction site. Installing and configuring the station.
Working on work areas: removing old finishes, grouting and priming walls.
Checking the walls for evenness using a level. Marking places for applying plaster.
Leveling the mortar on the wall, if necessary, re-applying and leveling the plaster.
Finishing with a rule. Performing wall plastering.

In the process of performing a mechanized plaster screed in the room, the air temperature for the work should be at least +12 degrees. At the same time, the humidity level should not exceed 60%.

In addition, the room must have glazed window openings, a heating system, and a leveled screed. Internal and external plastered surfaces must be protected from exposure to excessive moisture.

Mechanical facade plastering

The process of mechanized facade plastering is quite complicated, and it is almost impossible to cope with it without work experience. Therefore, if you have not previously performed mechanized plastering of walls, then it is better to entrust this issue to professionals.

The initial stage of work involves a visual inspection of the work site. Determining the curvature of the walls, taking measurements on the walls and setting corners. Next, the amount of material used in the work is determined and its purchase is made.

Any repair is not complete without auxiliary means and a large number various building materials and equipment. The use of such improvised means greatly reduces the time of work and saves energy. Thanks to various techniques and tools for repairs, work is much easier and more convenient, and the quality of the work being done is also improved.

Important Helper

Modern developments in the field construction equipment allowed to significantly simplify and facilitate the work of builders. One such mechanical assistant is the automatic plastering machine. with internal and external have great importance: they are the most painstaking and time-consuming, and the result in the literal sense should be obvious.

The mechanization of the finishing process allows to reduce the time of work, to minimize the costs of using human resources. In the construction of large-scale facilities, these conditions are basic, since instead of a whole team of workers, one or two people can do. And this, in turn, significantly affects material costs.

Equipment Description

The device for processing walls is a unit, the device and principle of operation of which are quite simple. Cars are getting more and more popular these days. This is due to a number of advantages:

Ease of operation.
The speed of any finishing work.
technical reliability.
Versatility: the ability to apply dry and wet plaster mixtures.
Layer uniformity.
Ability to cover large areas.

The plastering machine is practically indispensable for large-scale construction and repair. Plaster walls by hand industrial premises future factory or high-rise office buildings or apartment building quite difficult. It will be long and difficult even with the most experienced team of plasterers.

In addition, you can use equipment that works on ready-made mixtures. In this case, the machine will be cheaper, since there is no hopper for preparing the solution.

Principle of operation

The plaster, which is applied using such a mechanism, is distributed and lays down more evenly and accurately. This greatly simplifies and reduces the period of repair work. The equipment must be connected to the mains. Sometimes it will be necessary to provide special conditions, since industrial modifications with a power of 380, and not 220 watts, are quite common on sale. In addition, you need a source of water supply. If there is no running water, you can use any container with water; a special pump is included in the kit for its forced supply. The machine accurately calculates the required amount of water and dry mix. This allows you to get a high-quality solution at the output.

The standard length of the hose allows you to process surfaces up to 5 meters high. No need to use scaffolding, as in the case of handmade.

The quality of the mixture used for wall decoration also affects the result of finishing work. The most simple and convenient will be to use a gypsum mortar. It is adapted specifically for machine application, unlike cement-sand. The first option also has a number of advantages that have a positive effect on the results of work in which a plastering machine is involved:

Environmentally friendly material.
Quality product.
Does not require subsequent puttying.
Surface whiteness.
Fast drying wall.

Gypsum plaster allows moisture and air to pass through and maintain a natural microclimate in the room.

Stages of work

In any building or repair work preparation is important. She is half the story. The future work plane must be well cleaned of old layers so that the surface of the wall or ceiling is ready for finishing.
It does not matter which way the plastering takes place, the surface must be flat. To do this, beacons are installed that measure the curvature and align the surface level horizontally and vertically.
Installation of profiles for processing corners.
Applying a primer.
The plastering machine is equipped with a special tank in which the mixture is prepared for subsequent application to the dried primer.
Application of the mixture with a technical gun, which evenly distributes it over the wall.
Alignment and distribution of the solution according to the level of the beacons, adding to those places where it is not enough, and removing excess.

The plastering machine helps to carry out each stage consistently and accurately. The application of the solution should begin from the corner to the center. Stripes are best done less than a meter wide. After completion of each stage, the wall surface must be covered with a film, which is then cut off. Such recommendations are left by the manufacturers of equipment and materials themselves.

Wall surface treatment

This stage is important and final in plastering. By the way, it can also be much faster and easier. A plastering machine can help with this. This is usually done with a sponge and water. But in this case, the equipment practically does its job by itself, it is especially convenient for large finishing areas. The surface is fully suitable for painting or wallpapering. In addition, the final result depends on the class of plaster. It is different for different rooms.

Equipment selection

A plastering machine, reviews of which are predominantly positive due to its great advantages, must serve for a long time and meet all customer requirements. Manufacturers now offer a wide variety of different models that are capable of plastering surfaces. The most popular are German, Austrian and Polish samples of this technology. Manufacturers are ready to offer entire specialized stations or fairly simple units that can operate in various weather conditions, with a large temperature drop from 30 degrees of heat to minus 40 in winter.

The UShM-150 model is in great demand among construction organizations. The plastering machine of this modification, in terms of technical and quality characteristics, meets all the requirements for high-quality plastering, painting different kind mixtures. In addition, for greater convenience, it is equipped with a control and adjustment center. This allows you to control the speed and force of the solution.

What are the criteria for choosing?

The main criteria for the purchase should be:

Ease of operation. It is important that a person could cope with the management even without special building skills.
Saving materials. As a rule, the consumption of mortar during machine plastering is much less than with manual plastering.
Low power consumption.
Suitable dimensions and light weight. Dimensions should be selected taking into account how many people will work with the equipment, how extensive the finishing work is.
Functionality. Often such machines are equipped with equipment for painting walls.
Reliability and quality of the device.
Ease of transportation and assembly at different sites.

Subject to all these conditions, you can safely purchase such an assistant and perform wide range repair and finishing works not only on walls, but also on flooring.

Alternative

Of course, not everyone can buy such a unit. Its price varies from 2 to 20 thousand euros. Most often it is used by specialized firms that have repair and construction teams. This has a positive effect on the image of the organization, attracts customers. In addition to buying, you can also consider renting a car. It will be somewhat cheaper. And even, to some extent, easier.

As a rule, in private, we do not do repairs too often, especially such an extensive one, with a complete renovation of the walls and floor. Buying an expensive tool will be impractical. Reselling it may not always work. Therefore, a one-time take it for the period of specific finishing work will be quite acceptable.

Do-It-Yourself

In addition to buying and renting enough a good option acquisition of equipment - to assemble such an apparatus as a plastering machine with your own hands. Of course, it will not look quite standard, but it can perform the same functions, and you can even add something new.

Perhaps its performance and power will not be so high. Skilled craftsmen can use broken household items for this. The most simple and common equipment of home-made equipment is something like this:

Old fire extinguisher.
Nozzle.
A tube.
Compressor.

It turns out quite convenient and, as they say, a low-budget option. This manual plastering machine will make your work easier and help you to cope with difficult places on the surface, even if you are not a professional finishing worker.