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What to make a blind area. How to make a concrete blind area - step by step instructions, from preparing a solution to pouring concrete. Work performance technology

How to make a blind area around the house with your own hands in short time? The blind area is carried out in two layers - the underlying layer and the overlap. The underlayment is required to obtain a compacted, even base for laying the pavement. This layer is made of crushed stone, sand, carving or clay. The last option is considered the best.

Underlayment material selected depending on coverage. Thickness - from 20 to 30 centimeters.

The cover must be waterproof. It is made from paving slabs, concrete, clay, small cobblestone and asphalt. It happens that the blind area is made from a mixture of clay and sand, or clay with rubble. Thickness - from 5 to 15 centimeters.

Types of blind area

There are several types of blind area, depending on the material used in the manufacture:

  • concrete;
  • cobblestone;
  • from concrete slabs;
  • ground;
  • brick;
  • asphalt.

Work performance technology

How to make a blind area around the house with your own hands? You should start with excavation. A trench is dug around the perimeter of the building, its depth should be approximately 30 cm.

The integrity of the blind area can be broken by the roots of plants, so the soil should first be treated with herbicides. Then, a removable formwork or curb stone is placed along the width of the blind area. Under a slope in the trench, the underlying layer is laid.

Laying concrete pavement

Concrete construction is the most common type of coating.

Its useful to note that in severe frosts, the blind area can fail. To prevent this from happening, rails are mounted on the edge across the blind area every 3 meters, they must be treated with bitumen in advance. Next, the solution is poured with concrete and leveled.

Concrete reinforcement helps to increase the operational life of the blind area. In this case, concrete performs work in compression, and metal in tension. A metal crate is installed in increments of 100 by 100 millimeters. Further along the level, cement mortar is poured.

The finished surface is covered with dry concrete and leveled. Then it is covered with a dark film and left for a week, periodically watered.

How to inexpensively make a blind area around the house? If there is a desire to reduce costs, it is worth giving preference to the blind area of ​​reinforced slabs. Their shape is chosen depending on the structural features of the roof and the characteristics of the site. The best option is plates of 60x60 centimeters.

When using ready-made slabs as a coating, the work becomes much easier. After laying them on a pre-prepared surface, the seams are filled with mortar. If this is necessary, the blind area is insulated with heat-insulating materials.

The construction of insulation and slab is placed in such a way that there is an air cushion under it. As a basis for it, bitumen-impregnated and carefully compacted crushed stone serves.

Slope and Width

When erecting a blind area, it is necessary to observe the required slope and width.

In subsiding soil width can be more than 1 meter, on average it is 80 centimeters. At the same time, it should be 20 centimeters larger than the overhang of the eaves.

Slope from the wall building and up to the storm drain should reach approximately 5 °. A storm drain is a groove along the perimeter of the blind area, necessary for drainage. Instead, you can build a channel that collects water in a storm well.

Waterproofing and insulation

In the event that your house has a basement or basement, it is necessary to waterproof and insulate the blind area. Waterproofing materials suitable for this purpose are bituminous mixtures, PVC and polyethylene films, roofing material.

under waterproofing layer insulation is installed on the ground.

It can be expanded polystyrene, foam glass and other materials.

The main functions of the blind area

  • practical function. If the blind area will act as a pedestrian zone, then it should be performed taking into account the characteristics of the object and design loads.
  • Protective function. A high-quality blind area reliably protects the foundation of the building from melt water, precipitation, and deformation. It transports water a sufficient distance from the foundation.
  • decorative function. The blind area is a logical continuation of the building. Finishing layer is selected taking into account the style of the house and the design of landscape design.
  • Warming. The thermal insulation properties of the building, if there is a blind area with an insulation structure, increase.

In order to blind area in in full fulfilled its purpose you have to follow some rules:

  1. The slope is formed both during the laying of the coating and during the installation of the underlying layer.
  2. Pay attention to the junction of the wall of the house and the blind area. There should be an expansion joint. The best result is obtained with two layers of special sealant or roofing felt and sealant.
  3. The blind area should be performed around the entire house continuously. Only in this case the base will be reliably protected.
  4. Most cheap option for covering - crushed stone, laid with tamping. The most reliable is pouring compacted rubble with cement mortar.

So the construction correct blind area around the house with my own hands under the power of everyone.

However, before starting work, should decide on the type of blind area It depends on what materials you need. Do not forget about observing the width and slope. If the building has a basement or basement, insulation and waterproofing will be required.

Even such a strong and reliable structure as a house, in fact, has quite vulnerable structures. First of all, the foundation of the house, its foundation, needs protection. It serves as a support for all elements, but its location causes the threat of constant destructive influence of moisture contained in environment. Moreover, moisture can enter the soil both from the groundwater level rising during floods, and from melt water or storm water penetrating deep into the soil.

What is a blind area, what is its importance

First you need to figure out what is the benefit of the blind area. Its main task is to protect the foundation from moisture, sufficiently high-quality protection will prevent a very negative phenomenon, foundation subsidence, which over time can lead to the destruction of the house.

Except technical purpose blind area plays a role decorative finishes territory adjacent to the house. It frames the entire perimeter of the house, allowing you to make a comfortable walk around it in any weather.

A well-made blind area will exclude the possibility of washing the house with storm or melt waters, the soil as a result of this negative process is moistened unevenly, which threatens with a fairly rapid appearance of cracks on the foundation or walls.

Not less than important point there will be a blind area, correctly constructed if the house is on heaving soil. Sometimes one wintering is enough to destroy a house on soils prone to swelling. The problem is that the soil saturated with water gives uneven swelling. The resulting pressure can sometimes cause serious damage.

Analyzing the essence of this problem, we can conclude that the blind area on heaving soils should be made insulated.

Experts say that the blind area should be built immediately after the end of the wall cladding of the house and its basement. Postponing laying for a whole year, as some developers do, is quite dangerous.

More about the benefits of the blind area and the rules for its construction - in the video:

blind area device

The design of any blind area consists of two elements:

  • underlying layer,
  • coatings.

When constructing the underlying layer, the following can be used:

  • sand and clay
  • fine fraction of crushed stone, etc.

The thickness of the underlying layer should not be less than 0.2 m, its material in a particular case is selected depending on the coating.

In practice, they use different types blind area, but the following claims are made to the coating materials:

  • high degree of water resistance,
  • the impossibility of destruction by water,
  • sufficient decoration.

Blinds can be built from:

  • asphalt,
  • cobblestone,
  • paving stones and paving slabs,
  • concrete and other durable building materials.

A mixture of sand and clay, or sand and clay with the addition of fine gravel, is sometimes used as the underlying and covering layers. The thickness of such a layer should be at least 10 cm.

How to make a blind area around the house with your own hands

Since the main task of the blind area will be to drain water from the foundation, it should be planned in such a way that the side adjacent to the house is higher. The slope angle is calculated depending on the covering material. For example: when constructing an asphalt blind area, the slope angle can be 3-5 degrees, but if the blind area is made of cobblestone, then it is recommended to make an angle of about 10 degrees.

To calculate the optimal width of the blind area, the type of soil and the width of the overhang of the eaves should be taken into account. If the soil is dense enough, then the blind area can be made wider than the cornice overhang, if the soil is planting, then the width of the blind area should be at least 1 m. In any case, the width of the blind area should not be less than 0.6 m. A useful addition the design can serve as a tray for draining water, install it around the entire perimeter of the blind area. It can be concrete or made from an ordinary pipe sawn along. Lay it on a prepared concrete base.

The design of the joint between the blind area and the foundation will require special attention, it is recommended to perform an expansion joint here, its width should be from 1 to 2 cm. You can fill it with sand, but it is better to use a strip of roofing material in two additions for this. With the same success, you can use bitumen or special sealants.

An option that involves waterproofing the foundation will be simpler in execution, waterproofing will need to be continued to the level of the blind area. It is not recommended to connect the base with the blind area - even in the case of slight shrinkage, the finish of the base may be damaged.

Blind area - step by step instructions for execution

Since the quality of the blind area, designed to protect the foundation of the house, can affect the integrity of its walls and extend the life of the basement, due attention should be paid to the process of its arrangement.

We have already mentioned that the materials for the manufacture of blind areas can be different, but most often concrete pouring is used on a suitably prepared base. The recommended width of the base is 0.7 m. This is quite enough to prevent additional moisture from entering the base.

At the first stage of preparation, you should measure 0.7 m from the walls and install pegs around the entire perimeter of the foundation, mark the edge of the blind area with a rope. Then you can proceed to earthworks, namely, to sample the soil, you can use it to level the site. The depth of the trench should be about 15-20 cm, this will create a good sand cushion.

They dig a trench around the entire perimeter of the house, while observing the specified width and depth. The surface of the foundation should be cleaned of earth and dust - this will provide a higher level of adhesion of materials when pouring concrete.

The base for the sand cushion will need to be leveled using the usual building level, at this stage of work, a conventional shovel shovel can be used.

It is not recommended to refuse backfilling a sand cushion; it will serve as a kind of buffer that softens the impact of the soil during seasonal temperature fluctuations. This is especially important in the case of construction on soils prone to heaving. Sometimes it happens that within one year the concrete pavement becomes covered with cracks, its appearance becomes unsightly.

To avoid problems of this kind, you should:

  1. Take clean sand for backfilling, without adding broken bricks and various construction debris; when the soil swells, these inclusions will be squeezed out onto the surface of the sandy backfill and can contribute to the destruction of the lower layer of the blind area.
  2. Along the bottom of the trench, sand is covered with a layer of the desired thickness and leveled.
  3. Next, the sand is compacted, this can be done using simple device, made with his own hands from trimming a wooden beam.
  4. Compacted sand is moistened with water, the procedure is repeated several times until a pillow of the desired density is obtained. You can make sure that the proper quality is achieved by standing on the sand - a clear mark should remain on the surface, the pillow should not fall under your feet.
  5. As for the thickness of the pillow, it should be at least 5 cm, while its surface should be approximately 5-7 cm below the ground level.

When building on non-rocky soils, red clay is sometimes used as the bottom layer of the pillow, the thickness of the clay layer can reach 10-15 cm. If the soils are prone to swelling, it is better to use sand to fill the pillow.

At the next stage of work, you will need to set the curb. Curbstones are installed on the outside of the blind area, strictly along a stretched cord, tracing the horizontal level of laying and checking the verticality of the installation of each fragment. It is recommended to leave a distance of about 1-1.5 cm between the curb stones. When pouring, the concrete will fill these gaps; when solidified, sufficiently strong bonds are formed. After installing the curb, you can fill in the gravel, its layer should be about 3 cm.

For convenience, we divide the blind area into sections, setting at a distance impregnated with protective solutions or tarred boards. Ideally, the distance between two boards should be filled with the amount of concrete obtained from one concrete mixer batch.

After finishing preparatory work you can start pouring concrete. To prepare it, you can use the standard recipe:

  • 3 parts gravel,
  • 1 part cement
  • 1 part sand
  • water - until a creamy consistency is obtained.

Concrete should easily fill all existing voids, but it is not recommended to make it too liquid, excessive moisture can cause bubbling.

More about the construction of a concrete blind area:

In order to ensure uniform distribution of concrete, it is recommended to periodically tap on wooden lintels. After pouring the section with concrete, it will be necessary to level its surface with either a wide spatula or a plaster rule. It should not be forgotten that the slope concrete surface towards the curb should be no less than 5 degrees.

Experts do not recommend making the concrete blind area solid, the threat of its destruction after the first wintering will be very high. It will be correct to install expansion joints every 2.5 - 3 m, they should be installed across the blind area. As seams, you can use slats treated with melted bitumen. Install them on edge.


To increase moisture resistance, the concrete surface is ironed. The process consists in filling the surface of the concrete that has not yet hardened with a layer of cement and smoothing the surface with a metal trowel.

As you can see, pouring the blind area with concrete is not particularly difficult; it is quite possible to do all the work with your own hands.

Features of the construction of a blind area made of cobblestone


After digging the trench, it will also be necessary to create an underlying sand layer, its thickness can be from 10 to 20 cm. When using crushed stone of a fine fraction, the thickness of the underlying layer can be reduced to 3-5 cm. which will remain between the individual fragments of the blind area will need to be covered with sand.

The blind area of ​​paving slabs, what are its advantages

The basis for the blind area of ​​paving slabs can also serve as a sand cushion, built from fine gravel. Clean sand can also be used to fill gaps between tiles.

In order for the blind area to turn out to be neat, and its laying easier, you should design a width that is a multiple of the width of the tile. In this case, you do not have to violate the integrity of the tiles and cut each of them.

Paving slabs, if evaluated from the point of view of practicality, are the optimal material for the blind area:

  1. it fits quickly, does not require the arrangement of an additional layer of base,
  2. its service life is decades,
  3. if necessary, it is easy to replace each of the damaged fragments,
  4. the appearance of a well-laid tile is quite attractive.

How to build a blind area from paving slabs:

The blind area plays an important role in guaranteeing comfortable and long-term use of a private house. It can protect the foundation structure and the soil around the house from moisture. When snow melts or during precipitation, the accumulation of water near a private house can lead to erosion of the top layer of soil.

In order for the blind area to reliably protect the foundation of the house, its minimum width should be 0.8 meters.

Some builders have an opinion that in the process of arranging a drainage system, you can do without. It should be noted that they are deeply mistaken. Gutter system protect the soil from water near the foundation, which flows from the roof. However, it will not be able to protect against rainfall.

Quality is important enough when using a shallow base, in which the sole is located quite close to the surface, and water can easily reach its depth. The sole, when soaked, will lose its strength and begin to sag unevenly, destroying and deforming the base. It is important that in the case of the manufacture of deep foundations, the blind area is also required. It should always be made, regardless of the type of soil, the design of the base and other conditions.

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How is the blind area around a private house done?

In order to make a blind area around a private house, which will serve for a long period of time, reliably protecting the base, it is necessary to choose all the materials correctly and adhere to the construction technology.

First of all, you should choose the width of such a design. This structure must protect the base, so it must be made as wide as possible - the farther from the building moisture is absorbed into the soil, the less likely it is to damage the structures present on the site. There are norms according to which the minimum width of this protective structure is 0.8 m. The maximum value is not standardized and will depend on the wishes of the owner of the site.

In addition to the fact that such a design performs a protective function, it can also serve as a path around the house. This should be taken into account when choosing a width so that in the future it will not be necessary to walk sideways on it or cling to the wall. Based on this, we can conclude that the acceptable width of the blind area, which meets all existing requirements, will be in the range of 1.5-2 m.

The second important parameter of the blind area is the slope, which will ensure the flow of water in the direction from the walls of a private house. Previously, the slope was equal to 60-100 mm per 100 mm of width. For example, the edge of the blind area, whose width is 1 m, should have a height of 60-100 mm next to the wall of the house, and the other edge of the structure should be flush with the ground. On a fairly steep descent, water can drain very quickly.

It is worth noting that it will be quite difficult to move along such a structure. If you make the slope angle smaller, the water can drain more slowly or linger on the surface, and you can walk more comfortably. A compromise between efficiency and convenience can be considered a slope of 20 mm per 1 m of width. When moving, it will not be noticeable, and the water will be able to completely drain down without lingering on the surface.

In order to remove water, a slope of 15 mm per 1 m of width is sufficient if the surface of the structure is smooth and even. This surface is not very comfortable to walk in. winter period because it is rather slippery. If during the construction process a material is used that has a rough surface, for example, FEM, the slope should be at least 20 mm per 1 m.

If the blind area is planned to be made not around a private house, but around a garage room, at the entrance its slope should be made large (approximately 30 mm per 1 m). This will make it possible to protect the surface as much as possible from water, which can quickly drain without soaking or freezing in winter. Therefore, the entrance to the garage will always be protected from ice and puddles.

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Required materials for the manufacture of this design

There are several ways to make a blind area. In each case, use various materials. The most common is reinforced concrete construction.

First of all, you need to clean the area for the blind area. After that, reinforcing bars (Ø6 mm) must be laid in the form of a grid, which has a mesh size of 30 × 30 cm. They can be connected to each other using a knitting wire.

Before making a blind area, it is necessary to prepare the basis for it. Along the perimeter of a private house along the width of the blind area, the top soil layer should be removed (to a depth of 13 cm). Near the walls of the basement, the depth should be made a little larger so that the poured concrete can flow towards the private house, slightly squeezing it. Additionally, it is not necessary to fix the structure to the house.

Next, you need to mark the boundaries of the future structure, hammer in the pegs, and pull the cord over them. A sand layer 5 cm thick must be poured at the bottom of the trench. This sand cushion will be the basis for concrete. If the existing soil on the territory of the site is sandy, it is not necessary to pour a layer of sand. It is necessary to mount the formwork on the pillow, lay the reinforcing mesh and pour concrete. It is important to ensure that the reinforcement is in the concrete base. To do this, it will need to be slightly raised.

As a material for some builders, ash is used, that is, a product of coal combustion at thermal power plants. It must be handled with care, as it can be radioactive, and this can affect the health of people living in a private home.

When the poured concrete solution has completely hardened, it will need to be covered with a coating. For coating, you can use FEM or granite paving stones. FEMs vary in appearance and quality. Acid-resistant bricks are the highest quality. They endure loads from climatic conditions and walking. Ordinary PEMs do not have durability, therefore their service life in most cases is short - after 5 years there will be no trace of their original appearance. The optimal service life should be at least 10 years.

Paving stones can be well suited as a coating for the manufactured structure.

It is not only durable and strong, but also produced different colors, which makes it possible to use it in the form of a mosaic, laying out a variety of patterns. It is worth knowing that it also has some drawback - high cost.

Required items:

  1. Fittings.
  2. Wooden boards.
  3. knitting wire.
  4. Cement not lower than grade M400.
  5. Rubble.
  6. Sand.
  7. Water.
  8. FEM or paving stones.
  9. Ruberoid.

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Existing features of making a blind area around a private house

During the construction of the blind area, there may be some nuances that you definitely need to pay attention to:

You should not start building a blind area immediately after making the base. During backfilling, soil is laid in the trench, which was previously removed from it earlier (clay, black soil, etc.). To some extent, all soils will subside, so you need to wait a while for them to subside completely.

If you do not wait for the subsidence and immediately, then if moisture gets on the ground, it will be able to subside, deforming it, which can lead to cracks on the surface. To avoid this phenomenon, backfilling can be done with sand, which passes water well. If it is leveled and watered, the construction of the blind area can be started in a day.

It is worth noting that it is recommended to start manufacturing the structure after the construction of the box of a private house or after 6-8 months. after completion of the base.

It is not recommended to use porcelain stoneware tiles as a coating for the structure. Its smooth surface is rather slippery, and this can cause human injury. Besides, it won't last long. The tile will need to be laid on a concrete surface that expands when it freezes, so it will quickly burst.

Saving on construction is a difficult stage, where the edge of quality / cost is important, so that in the future it will not be ruined for repairs, and at the same time, it is quite comfortable to feel comfortable during the operation of the structure.

The blind area should be built after the foundation, basement, walls, roof have already been finally built. Although, the blind area can be built at almost any stage of construction, after the walls have been laid. But the blind area after all stages of construction will cost the cheapest and least time-consuming, because in this case you save on calculations and errors, and the formwork can also be built from only three sides.

How to make a blind area?

A concrete blind area from 70 cm around the whole house will be the most simple option. For the construction of a high-quality blind area, it is necessary to take into account a number of rules:

  1. The width of the blind area should be greater than the protruding part of the roof, as a rule, by at least 20 cm. This is done so that moisture dripping from the roof does not deform the land, which actively affects the quality of the foundation.
  2. The blind area should be continuous, monolithic around the entire house. Only in this case, the foundation will be safely protected from moisture, which, however, does not exclude waterproofing in any case.
  3. A wider blind area is also more functional with respect to moisture protection.
  4. The slope of the blind area will optimally provide a tap at 1.5 degrees. You can do more slope, but remember that it is possible to slip on a steeper slope in winter. The slope is formed at the stage of the underlying layer, it is also possible at the stage of laying the coating.
  5. The blind area, made in accordance with all the rules, determines the quality, economy and lack of repair for a long time, both the blind area and the basement.

The blind area is two structural layers
  1. The underlying layer is an even compacted base for the coating. For him, materials such as clay, fine gravel, sand are used. The material of the underlying layer directly depends on the coating material used. Thickness up to 2 cm.
  2. The coating must perform the task of complete waterproofness and resistance to the damaging effects of water. Use clay, concrete, asphalt, small cobblestone. Layer thickness up to 10 cm.

These layers are necessary for any blind area.

It is necessary to markup for future blind area

In our case, the width of the blind area is 100 cm. The soil along the entire perimeter of the house must be removed to a depth of 20-25cm. As a rule, the soil is removed here at the very beginning of the construction of the house. Dig should be under the entire width of the blind area of ​​1m. The calculation is also carried out from the material with which the blind area is laid. With respect to the blind area of ​​concrete, a depth of 20-25 cm is needed, with respect to other materials - a different depth.

Some developers recommend immediately after digging a trench around the house, level the floor and walls, and then immediately cover them with herbicides. So that the roots of the plants do not then grow and do not damage the blind area. This is your own choice.

The formwork is made from boards. As a rule, boards 2 cm thick are used for this.

On the soil that we have compacted, a layer of clay a few centimeters should be laid. Then, it is necessary to level the layer and compact it.

A layer of sand is laid with a thickness of 10 cm. It also seals very well. To make compaction easier for yourself, dampen the sand with water. But not abundantly, so that the water does not reach the clay.

Then, there is a layer of rubble in 5-10cm.

In order to strengthen the blind area - reinforce it with fiberglass reinforcement with gaps at the joints of 10cm. Reinforcement makes it possible to achieve stability of concrete not only in compression, but also in tension. Land displacement occurs frequently, so reinforcement is required in any case.

At the junction of the blind area with the walls of the basement, a seam must be made. It's called compensation. Also, this seam is called deformation or temperature. This seam will protect the basement and blind area from soil subsidence and further destruction. In this case, the blind area will go down, but when moving, it will not damage the base, since all the mechanical impact will fall on the seam. The width of such a seam is up to 1.5 cm. It should be made from a mixture of fine gravel and sand, bitumen, mastic, or two layers of roofing material. Someone even uses a tourniquet made of polyethylene foam. The diameter of such a bundle is a quarter larger than the width of the seam. Thus, the jute fits very tightly into the gap for the seam.

Features when placing the tourniquet - it must go into the gap completely, and leave some space on top. Those. there should be a depth free from everything on top, which is equal to half the width of the seam. A piece of plywood will make it possible this process faster.

In our case, a simple sealant was used.

Filling the blind area should be done every 2 meters across the expansion joint. They keep the blind area from tearing in the winter. Wooden slats placed on edge are perfect for these purposes. The surface of the rails should be flush with the surface of the blind area. The slope of the blind area should also be taken into account, and therefore, place the slats either under the slope, or make the slats pre-oblique on the edge, to match the slope. In order to protect wooden inserts from decay, they should be treated with bituminous mastic.

Expansion joints should also be installed in the corners of the house. Those. at the corners of the blind area.

Concrete, in addition to pouring, should also be compacted and leveled. Reiki will help you navigate the height of the concrete pour. It remains to wait until it completely hardens.

Ironing gives the greatest strength to the formwork. Ironing, performed by the wet method, will help the blind area to achieve the greatest water resistance.

The last stage - we cover the concrete surface fabric material, gradually, as it dries, wetting the fabric with water. This will help keep the concrete from drying out until it has completely hardened. If you have to lay the blind area during the rainy season, then you can do without moisture.

After 2 weeks, the blind area will be ready.

Concrete pavement repair

With the correct laying of the foundation, basement and blind area of ​​​​the house, for many years you will not have any problems. But what if they appeared? For example, the blind area is cracked? Yes, even significantly.

Small cracks will be enough to fill with a share of the concrete mixture in a ratio of 1: 1.

Cracks of larger sizes should be cut down to the entire depth of their formation, the recess should be cleaned of dust, dirt and other debris, and filled with liquid mastic (2/3 bitumen, BND-90\130, 10% crushed slag and 15% asbestos material). Then sprinkle the filled cracks with any sand.

If the destruction of the blind area turned out to be even more significant, then it should be fully restored, with the help of a fresh portion of concrete and a couple of simple manipulations. The surface must be cleaned of dirt and primed. For the latter, a cement mortar is suitable. Lay the fresh mixture and level it. Then, it is necessary to prevent the fresh concrete mixture from drying out until it is completely cured. Those. stably moisten it, at the slightest drying, and cover with a film of polyethylene.

Repair of the blind area is best done in the spring or autumn. Need cool weather. At summer period- you should choose the morning as the most prosperous time for work. Because due to high temperatures, the concrete will expand, and the cracks will decrease. In winter, concrete work is not possible.

Do not forget that the brand of concrete also affects the strength level of the blind area. It is easy to find a 500 brand of cement on sale, which we then divide into the desired proportions. With the highest density of 500 marks, the blind area will turn out to be very strong, and it will really last for decades. If only because it is the 500 grade of cement that is used for the construction of large bridges and tall buildings over 30 floors.

Video instruction for the construction of the blind area

Do-it-yourself blind area at home: step-by-step instruction, videos, and expert advice presented in this article on the site site will help you do this work yourself. The most reliable way to protect the foundation of the house is blind area: step-by-step instruction for the construction of this design is so simple that you can easily do without the help of qualified specialists. Following simple and understandable recommendations, you can build capital protection for the foundation. own house with minimal cost and thereby prevent damage to the base by surface water.

Blind area around the house you can do it yourself, even without much experience in construction

Do-it-yourself blind area at home: step-by-step instructions for the initial stage of construction

At the initial stage of construction, it is necessary to decide on the choice of blind area and the main parameters responsible for the quality and reliability of the structure. Private houses and cottages are not immune from erosion of the foundation part by surface waters, so it is recommended to use additional protective measures, allowing to strengthen the base of the building.


Not only protects the foundation of the building, but also can function as a walkway

Note! The construction of a concrete blind area around the house, which has an integral coating, gives an almost 100% guarantee of protection against moisture. No other material offers this capability. Otherwise, for the sake of additional reinforcement, it will be necessary to equip a multi-tiered “pie” structure, which in itself is difficult and will entail significant costs.

The base of the building is under the influence of various natural factors:

  • low temperatures;
  • excess moisture;
  • damage to mechanical properties due to swelling of the soil.

The stability of the entire building depends on the state in which the foundation part of the cottage is located, so the protection must be capital and reliable. It is this function that is the main one for the blind area, the protective properties of which also apply to the basement of the house.


The scheme of the blind area around the house with the top layer of rubble

Photo blind area around the house and its purpose

The construction of such a structure as a blind area is designed to minimize the negative impact of natural factors on the foundation part of the structure. Of course, it is impossible to completely protect it, but you can achieve the following:

  • divert rain (as well as melt and flood) water from the basement of the house. With a short-term presence of moisture, there will be no significant harm, however, long periods of stagnation of the liquid can violate the integrity of this part of the building. Due to the constant exposure to moisture, the concrete undergoes crumbling, the reinforcing part of the base is exposed and damaged by corrosion. As a result, the rigidity of the frame part of the structure is significantly reduced;
  • stop soil displacement. The soil is a mobile and capricious substance that affects any building. Depending on the type of foundation part, as well as the area chosen for the cottage, the following problems may occur: shifts in soil layers, subsidence or, conversely, swelling of the soil surface, a change in the height of the water horizon. The blind area will reduce the stress on the building caused by these changes;


Blind area around a private house built of concrete and tiled

  • maintain the temperature of the foundation and prevent a significant drop in this value in winter time. The construction of an insulated blind area around the house helps in solving this problem, since in cold period special requirements are put forward for the foundation part hidden underground (it must be stable);

Helpful advice! Insulation work related to the blind area is carried out during the formation of the main platform and its pouring.

  • improve appearance cottage. The blind area can play the role of a frame that makes the facade of the building complete and harmonious. This area is lined with plinth siding, decorative stone, paving slabs.


The blind area of ​​paving slabs is in harmony with the design of the building itself

How to determine the width of the blind area around the house and other parameters

All the main parameters used for the construction of the blind area are regulated by a number of relevant SNiPs. These data allow us to produce technologically correct and durable designs.

If we talk about a concrete product, then its width should be 20 cm greater than the end point of the protruding overhang of the roofing material. If there is a drainage system, these parameters must also be taken into account and included in the calculations. The final width indicator is influenced by the characteristics of the soil, its type. The generally accepted width for the blind area is considered to be 100 cm. A monolithic concrete surface will not only provide freedom of movement along the wall of the house, but will also serve as a path.


The final indicators of the width and depth of the blind area are affected by the characteristics of the soil: its features and type

The level of penetration (the depth of the blind area relative to the ground) is calculated based on the level of soil freezing in winter. Most often, this indicator is requested from the information department of the local office of architecture or set from a table. blind area must have the ability to move along with the soil, otherwise all its functions will be reduced to only one thing - water drainage.

Note! Communication systems placed in the soil, have a direct impact on the depth of its freezing.

The minimum allowable value for the thickness of the concrete pavement around the house is 7-10 cm (surface layer). If the building design includes a garage, this figure should be increased to 15 cm so that the structure can withstand high weight loads.


Scheme of the blind area around the house of concrete

Protection is required for the entire perimeter of the building, so the length of the blind area depends on the length of the perimeter. The concrete porch installation area can be skipped, since it itself is a reinforcing structure.

The blind area around the house: how to properly fill the structure, additional parameters

The maximum allowable slope of the surface is in the range of 1-10 cm/m. In other words, it is 1-10%. In this case, the angle of inclination should be directed strictly from the foundation. Such a large gap is explained by the fact that the slope angle directly depends on the type of soil, as well as the amount of precipitation characteristic of the region. The most commonly used slope is 2-3 cm/m (i.e. 2-3°). If you take more, during frosts and icing, the blind area cannot be used as a track.


Step-by-step instructions for building a concrete blind area around the house. Step 1: marking and preparing the territory. Step 2: digging a trench, isolating the foundation with roofing material

The level of the blind area above the ground (height from the soil level) should be at a height of at least 5 cm. Due to this, moisture will not accumulate at the edges of the structure and destroy it. Damage is especially likely in winter, when the water hardens and expands, causing breaks in the concrete.

The minimum height of the basement is 50 cm (if you undertake the construction of a rigid concrete structure) and 30 cm for a soft blind area.

As for the border, this part has a decorative purpose, so the need to install it is dictated solely by the possibilities of your budget and personal preferences.

Note! If a blackberry, raspberry, plane tree or poplar grows next to the blind area, their root system can destroy the structure. In such conditions, the installation of a curb is mandatory.


Step-by-step instructions for building a concrete blind area around the house. Step 3: backfilling with clay in layers of 10-15 cm with layer-by-layer compaction (practiced when working with unfavorable soil). Step 4: installation of formwork, falling asleep a layer of crushed stone 10-12 cm

Blind area around the house: construction device and preparation for work

The construction of a concrete blind area is based on the formation of a reinforced belt along the perimeter of a residential building.

The design itself has only two main elements:

  1. The underlying layer is formed on the basis of materials with a high level of hygroscopicity, due to which the penetration of water to the foundation part of the building is blocked or slowed down. It is best to use sand or clay, geotextiles for these purposes, and small gravel is also suitable. It is allowed to use several of the listed materials at once.
  2. Decorative coating - used exclusively for decoration.

Creating a blind area around the house with your own hands: types of structures, tools

The scheme for creating a blind area has much in common with the construction of the foundation part:

  • ditch formation;
  • production of a shock-absorbing pillow, consisting of layers of crushed stone and sand;


Step-by-step instructions for building a concrete blind area around the house. Step 5: film laying. Step 6: laying reinforcement

  • installation of reinforcing bars to create a frame for concrete;
  • filling;
  • finishing.

There are several types of blind area, which differ from each other in the following ways:

  • terms of service;
  • structural features;
  • materials used for construction.

Based on the features described above, 3 types of products are distinguished:

  • hard;
  • soft;
  • semi-rigid.


Step-by-step instructions for building a concrete blind area around the house. Step 7: pouring concrete. Step 8: Leveling the Concrete Surface

Each of these blind areas has its own characteristics, capabilities and construction technology.

To carry out the work, you should arm yourself with:

  1. Construction mixer - if you do not have such a tool in your arsenal, you can always rent it (without this tool it is impossible to mix the entire volume, and batch mixing of the solution will lead to stratification).
  2. Tools for earthworks - crowbar, pickaxe, shovel.
  3. Auxiliary tools - spatulas, trowel, building level, paint brushes.
  4. Containers for mixing.


The process of building a blind area from paving slabs

Features of the blind area around the house with their own hands made of concrete (rigid construction)

This group of structures consists of monolithic products based on concrete, coatings made using cement pouring, as well as asphalt pavement options.

Helpful advice! If it is planned to build a structure with subsequent insulation, only a rigid type of system is suitable for these purposes. Semi-rigid and soft blind area options are impractical and inefficient to insulate.

Monolithic structures can last almost as long as the building itself, around which they are organized. But the construction of such a system has several significant drawbacks.

Firstly, this process is quite laborious and requires certain efforts, as well as time. Second, construction costs are high. This problem also affects blind areas with asphalt pavement, which cannot be organized without tar. The use of this binder pays off only if large-scale asphalt paving works are carried out. Within household this is not advisable.


For the construction of a blind area with insulation, only a rigid type of construction is suitable

The decorative characteristics of a monolithic system can also be attributed to its disadvantages, since the appearance of an asphalt or concrete site cannot be called beautiful.

Features of the blind area around the house of paving slabs (semi-rigid construction)

In semi-rigid systems, the underlayment is a multilayer cushion. Top part structures are formed from paving stones or paving slabs. In addition to these materials, other types of coatings can be used:

  • porcelain stoneware;
  • cobblestones;
  • reinforced concrete slabs.

It takes significantly less money and effort to fill a semi-rigid blind area around the house in comparison with monolithic structures. The construction technology in this case is quite simple, however, it cannot be used on heaving soils that can violate the integrity of the system.


Scheme of the blind area around the house from paving slabs

Otherwise, semi-rigid blind areas are considered the best option for all key indicators:

  • external characteristics;
  • price;
  • quality.

Helpful advice! If there are paved paths made of paving slabs on the site, use the same type of material to organize the blind area. This will achieve unity of design in the exterior of the entire yard.

Advantages of semi-rigid type systems:

  1. Long service life - subject to all the requirements of construction technology, the structure can last for 20-30 years.
  2. There are no restrictions regarding climatic conditions - the only exceptions are areas with permafrost.
  3. High level of maintainability.
  4. Small construction costs.


Subject to the construction technology, a blind area made of tiles can last more than 20 years

Features of soft blind area around the house

For system building soft type a multilayer cushion is formed, which is covered from above with a layer of crushed stone. This type of blind area requires the most minimal cash costs and efforts, which cannot affect the service life. The average is only 7 years.

On the other hand, this type of construction can be used in any climatic zones. There are no significant restrictions regarding the type of soil. As for the repair work, this process in this case is quite simple.

In fact, the use of a soft system is only advisable as a temporary measure, for example, if you are limited in money, labor resources, or simply do not have free time. The need to replace the structure every 5-7 years is the main disadvantage of a soft blind area.


Device diagram various types pavement around the house

Making a blind area around the house: the right choice of materials

To make a blind area around the house with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

  • components for the preparation of concrete mortar. If you are not well versed in this matter, you can purchase a ready-made version of the mixture in dry form. The quality of concrete can be in the range of 100-1000. This indicator is called the brand - it reflects the amount of cement contained in the solution. In addition, concrete has such a characteristic as strength. It is reflected by the material class. Modern mixtures can have a class in the range of B3.5-B8. If we take class B15 as an example, then 1 m3 of concrete pouring with dimensional parameters of 15x15x15 cm is able to withstand a pressure of 15 MPa. Optimal quality of cement for work: class B15, grade M 200;

Helpful advice! All work should be completed before the start of frost, so that there is time for complete drying and hardening.

  • sand - is necessary for the formation of the lower layer of the pillow. It is recommended to use quarry or river sand in the form of large particles without impurities, as they can damage the geotextile;


Crushed stone for the construction of the blind area must be clean and without any impurities

  • crushed stone with a granule size of 1-2 cm;
  • geotextile or natural clay - used in the construction of a hydraulic lock.

Do-it-yourself solution for a blind area around the house: how to fill the structure correctly

To create a solution with your own hands, you must prepare all the necessary components in advance.

As we found out earlier, the brand of concrete is determined by the brand of cement, as well as by its quantity in the mortar components (% content). For the manufacture of a blind area, it is recommended to take Portland cement M 400. It must be fresh, since every month of delay is fraught with a loss of 5% of its useful properties for the material.

Checking how fresh the cement is is quite simple. To do this, you need to take a handful of material and tightly squeeze your hand into a fist. An expiring cement will crumple, while a crumbly texture will indicate freshness. The fresher the material and the higher its brand, the better the solution will be.


To obtain a better solution, additional additives are needed, for example, liquid glass

The sand must be sifted and clean. It is better if it is thoroughly washed from impurities of clay, soil, etc. Optimal size fractions of crushed stone for the preparation of the solution is 0.5-1 cm. Water at room temperature will be required.

Additional additives are needed to obtain a high-quality solution. They increase the frost resistance of concrete. Most often, liquid glass is used for these purposes.

Note! In addition to the basic tools (containers, mixers, buckets, shovels, measuring devices), you need to take care of the presence of a vibrating plate or tamping log.

Blind area around the house: how to make a solution for pouring yourself (proportions)

The quality of the pour, its strength and durability depend on the proportions of the main components of the concrete solution. The quantity of materials is determined only by weight.

Calculation of proportions for the solution:

Concrete mix puts forward special requirements regarding the amount of liquid. Excess water can dilute the mortar and reduce the strength of concrete, as cement flour is gradually removed to the top layer. As a result, the density of the components will be unevenly distributed.

The most commonly used ratio of water to cement is 1:2. If you want to get the most accurate value, you should check it against the table of water-cement ratio for concrete mortar (W/C).

The introduction of components into the solution is also carried out according to a strict sequence:

  1. Cement is poured into the concrete mixer (you can use another container if you use a construction mixer for mixing).
  2. Water is poured and the solution is mixed until cement milk is formed.
  3. Sand is poured in portions as it is further mixed.
  4. Gravel is added.


The process of preparing a concrete solution

Helpful advice! Make an interval of 5 minutes before serving each subsequent component. Thanks to this, you can achieve high-quality mixing of the mixture.

We make a pillow for the blind area around the house correctly

The pillow, which performs the function of the underlying layer, has the same construction scheme, regardless of which type of blind area is selected. An exception is the process of making a blind area around the house with your own hands from concrete with a monolithic type of construction. It will require a different technology.

The main components of the pillow are:

  • sand;
  • clay;
  • priming.

If you prefer to organize a soft-type system around the house, a layer of crushed stone is poured on top. For semi-rigid structures, an additional layer of crushed stone and sand will need to be poured over the formed pillow. Only after that you can start laying paving stones or paving slabs.


Scheme of the device of a concrete blind area with a top layer of large pebbles

Before pouring a blind area with a hard platform around the house, you should equip a sand and gravel cushion:

  • pour sand;
  • fall asleep rubble;
  • perform the installation of insulation;
  • perform the reinforcement procedure and other types of work.

Do-it-yourself blind area around the house: we are preparing the construction zone

To begin with, you should outline the perimeter of the blind area by forming a trench. Its depth directly depends on the type of soil. The minimum indicator is 0.15-0.2 m. Construction works on heaving types of soil are accompanied by special requirements. In this case, the trench depth increases to 0.3 m.

Helpful advice! Pre-made markup will greatly facilitate the work.


The markup will facilitate subsequent work on the blind area

An easy way to mark up:

  1. Metal rods are driven into the soil at the corners. Alternatively, wooden pegs can be used.
  2. Intermediate pegs are placed along the perimeter.
  3. By pulling the mooring cord or any other rope, all the pegs are connected. This line will be used as a guide and markup.

At this stage of work, it is possible to create a gap separating the blind area structure from the foundation part of the building. For these purposes, it is recommended to use a polyurethane-based sealant and a damper tape.

Next is given required slope systems. This is done based on the type of design you have chosen. To achieve a certain slope, you need to dig a trench in such a way that there is a different depth at the slope points.


The process of building a blind area around the house: digging a trench

The bottom of the formed trench must be carefully tamped, using the most common log. To do this, it is installed vertically, rises and falls down with effort so that the soil at the bottom is compacted.

Building a blind area around the house: how to properly install the formwork

For work, boards are required, the thickness of which is 30-40 mm. The height is selected taking into account the parameters of the future design. To facilitate your work, you can pre-mark the height of the future layers of the pillow on the material. At the corners, the structure can be pulled together and strengthened with the help of corners. This is done from the outside. It is recommended to use bolts for this, as they are easiest to remove when dismantling the formwork. Optimum diameter fasteners - 10 mm.

Helpful advice! If the formwork structure will not be dismantled in the future, all wooden details antiseptic. It does not hurt to wrap the formwork with insulating material, for example, roofing material. This will protect the wood from decay processes and increase the service life of the blind area.


Scheme of the formwork device for the blind area

In order to ensure the stability of the formwork boards, you can use inclined supports or install blocks, bricks. In the process of work, an expansion joint will be required. This seam should run not only at the junction of the walls of the building with the blind area, but also across the system. If this requirement is ignored, over time, the natural displacement of the soil, provoked by temperature changes, will lead to the appearance of cracks in the structure.

The arrangement of transverse seams is carried out with a certain interval. A distance of 2 m will be sufficient. To form gaps of the required size, boards with a thickness of no more than 20 mm can be used.

If you are planning a system that does not involve pouring, you can do without the installation of a formwork structure.


Formwork can be dismantled at the end of work or remain part of the structure

Blind area at home: how to make a sand and gravel pillow

The formed trench is covered with a sand layer. The thickness of the sand layer depends on the total depth of the trench - the optimal parameter is 100-150 mm. For these purposes, it is recommended to use fine river sand. This layer will play the role of waterproofing.

After that, the sand should be carefully compacted in the same way as was done earlier when forming the bottom of the trench. To achieve high compaction, the interlayer can be moistened with water.

Note! The required thickness (100-150 mm) of the sand layer is obtained not after backfilling, but after compaction has been completed. Therefore, it is necessary to fill up the material with a small margin in order to achieve this result.

An embankment 50-100 mm thick of crushed stone is formed on top of the sand. It is better if a material with different fraction sizes is used, which will ensure maximum filling of voids and a high density of the pillow. Crushed stone can also be replaced with other types of materials, for example, brick fight or gravel. This layer is designed to divert water that penetrates through the sand.


The process of creating a sand and gravel pillow. Step 1: pour sand with a layer of 10 cm with pouring and tamping, put roofing material along the wall of the house from the base of the trench to the expected top of the blind area (expansion joint)

If there are ground water in the immediate vicinity of the surface, geotextiles should be laid between the layer of sand and gravel to provide additional waterproofing protection. At the same time, it is worth laying the material with a small margin so that the edges go onto the walls of the formwork structure.

In the process of forming a pillow from crushed stone and sand, do not forget about observing the angle of inclination, if any. This completes the work on arranging the pillow. The further procedure depends on the type of structure chosen.


The process of creating a sand and gravel pillow. Step 2: put geotextile on the compacted sand, fill in crushed stone with a fraction of 20-40 mm and a layer thickness of 10 cm with trombling with a vibrating plate

Construction of a concrete blind area around the house: price of work, recommendations

The concrete construction of the blind area is suitable for cottage owners who prefer capital products with long service lives. The price of the blind area around the house is quite high compared to other system options. However, the costs in this case are fully justified by the long service life, high strength and reliability of the blind area.

An excellent option would be a reinforced concrete system with insulation. Thanks to the layer thermal insulation material operational and specifications basement and foundation parts of the house and the entire building.

Note! The stage of laying insulation can be excluded from the technology, otherwise using the recommendations for construction without changes. But such a decision will affect the quality of the resulting structure, because thermal insulation for the blind area is extremely important.


Scheme of the device of a concrete blind area with insulation

The optimal width of the system with insulation should correspond to the freezing depth of the soil or exceed this value. The price of the blind area around the house, which cannot be done without significant financial investments, according to experts, in this case will be too high. In addition, the system will take up a lot of usable space. Therefore, it is worth limiting yourself to 0.7-0.9 m.

Concrete pavement around the house: how much does it cost to make a structure

The construction of the structure around the house can be done independently or hire workers specializing in the construction of a blind area for this purpose. If you are not confident in your own knowledge and strength, it would be wiser to entrust the work to professionals. In this case, the expense item will contain not only the cost of purchasing materials, but also the cost of paying for the services of craftsmen.

Services for the construction of a blind area around the house (price per square meter):

Name of service Cost of work, rub./m²
Dismantling of the old structure 65
Marking and soil preparation (removal of soil to a depth of 0.6 m) 300
Construction of a hydraulic lock (clay) 100
Installation of insulating material (geotextile, film) 40
Cushion formation (sand layer 0.5 cm + tamping) 80
Pillow formation (crushed stone layer 10 cm) 80
Installing a storm water inlet 250
Pipeline installation (m. p.) 50
Formation of a blind area from the finished mixture 300
Blind area formation + concrete mortar mixing 650

The average cost of construction (services of craftsmen) costs about 1300 rubles. If we talk about the price, making a blind area around the house of concrete with your own hands is much cheaper than hiring qualified specialists for this purpose, since in this case financial investments are required only for the purchase of materials.

Do-it-yourself construction of an insulated blind area: step by step instructions

As a heater for the blind area, various materials can be used. For concrete structures it is recommended to use extruded polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. The technology in this case will change slightly, since it will not be possible to remove the wooden formwork. The insulation is glued to the boards using a specialized binder for expanded polystyrene.


Step-by-step instructions for the construction of an insulated blind area: 1 - marking, trench preparation; 2 - creation of a sand cushion; 3 - tamping sand; 4 - laying roofing material along the foundation; 5 - formwork installation; 6 - laying insulation (foam)

Helpful advice! As alternative solution slate can be used, pre-wrapped with plastic wrap. It should be buried in the ground along the line of the blind area. Even if visible parts of the formwork remain after construction, it can be easily disguised. Hiding wood is much more difficult.

Having completed the installation of the side heat-insulating plates, it is necessary to form a pillow according to the technology that was considered earlier.

Making a concrete blind area around the house with your own hands: installation of insulation

In this case, the technology of two-layer thermal insulation using extruded polystyrene foam and polystyrene will be used.

This is done in the following order:

  1. Installation of a foam layer (during installation, the plates should be laid very tightly, temporarily fixing their position with bricks).
  2. Filling gaps between slabs with foam.
  3. Removing protruding parts of the foam after it has completely dried (use a sharp knife for this purpose).
  4. Installation of extruded polystyrene foam boards on top of foam plastic.


Step-by-step instructions for the construction of an insulated blind area: 7 - laying a layer of geotextile or roofing material; 8 - dividing the perimeter into sectors no longer than 2 m, installing jumpers, taking into account the slope; 9 - setting jumpers at angles of 45% relative to outside corners for convergence of slopes on different sides of the blind area; 10 - laying reinforcement; 11 - concrete pouring; 12 - leveling the concrete surface using a rule or a regular board

On the end zones of the expanded polystyrene plates there are grooves that exclude the possibility of cracks between the elements after laying. Installation is carried out in such a way that the seams of the upper layer do not coincide with the seams of the lower foam layer. To cut the material, you can use a regular knife with a sharp sharpening of the blade.

The blind area around the house of concrete: how to make reinforcement

The next step is reinforcement. Can be used as base material finished mesh. It can also be made independently, using reinforcement 0.8-1 cm thick. To do this, a grid with a cell size of 15x15 cm is formed from the bars. Fixation is performed in the intersection areas of the reinforcement. Specialized clamps are sold in stores that facilitate this process.

Helpful advice! In order to save money, you can use knitting wire instead of clamps.

The mesh is laid on the base with a slight indent. To do this, you can use clamps-supports. Instead of clamps, it is allowed to use other materials, for example, stones, brick fight, etc.


The mesh for reinforcement can be made independently or you can purchase a ready-made version.

The foundation part is poured with an indent of 5 cm. But in this case, such an indent will significantly affect the height of the structure, so a gap of 0.5-1 cm should be left.

Blind area around the house: video how to fill the structure and protect it

With the preparation of concrete for pouring, the construction of a blind area around the house begins, how to make the mixture correctly has already been described earlier. For reinforced concrete structure you will need brand M 400 (minimum). Cement should be mixed with sand and gravel in a ratio of 1:3:4, respectively. The amount of liquid is selected in such a way that the result is a mass of normal density. The solution must be plastic and homogeneous.

The prepared solution is poured onto the base. It must be spread over the surface with a mop or any other suitable tool, such as a rule. The side walls of the formwork structure can be used as beacons.


The process of leveling the surface of concrete

After the pour is completed, the concrete must be pierced in several places to free the outlet for excess air. Use a reinforcing bar for this purpose. Then you should close these holes with a mixture and sprinkle the surface with a thin layer of cement (dry powder). According to the requirements of the technology, at least 28 days should be allowed for the filling to dry.

The design needs to be protected from the effects of precipitation. The blind area must be covered with a film of polyethylene.

Helpful advice! To improve the quality of the concrete system, it is recommended to lift the polyethylene and wet the concrete every two days. a small amount water.

Now you know how the blind area around the house is done with your own hands, a video - an overview of the technology will help you understand this issue in more detail:

The blind area around the house: how to make a soft structure

To arrange a soft blind area around the house with your own hands, you need to organize a trench and fill up a layer of sand. Do not forget to set the required slope angle for the embankment.

Next, a waterproofing material is laid on the sand. Ruberoid is the most popular material used for these purposes, but rubemast, despite its cost, has a longer service life.

For a formwork structure with a width of 0.8 m, cutting of the material will be required, because rubemast is sold in rolls with a width of 1 m. If you do not want to cut it, you can simply bend the excess parts and glue them to the wall with molten bitumen.


Diagram of a soft blind area with a top layer of gravel

On the waterproofing layer, you need to make an embankment (10 cm) of sand and gravel (these materials are mixed in equal proportions). It must be tamped and leveled, while observing the required angle of inclination.

The soft blind area needs an additional layer of rubble. Gravel (3-5 cm) is poured over the mixture and compacted. Thanks to this additional layer, the blind area will not be subject to subsidence during operation. Finally, you can mask the formwork boards with decorative borders.

You can use additional information on building a blind area around the house. A video on how to make each layer clearly reflects all the features of this process:

Arranging a blind area from paving slabs with your own hands: step by step instructions

The construction of the blind area from paving slabs and paving stones is carried out in the same way. The choice of finish depends entirely on the possibilities of the budget and preferences.

Note! When using paving stones as a finishing coating, there are some restrictions: the foundation must be waterproofed.

Paving stones have only one significant drawback - the price of tiles for blind areas around the house is much lower than this material.

Average prices for paving stones:

Name, dimensional parameters Number of elements in 1 m² Cost, rub./m²
Grey Red Brown Blue Green Black
Rectangle (190/90/57) 58,5 360 430 430 510 540 430
Wave (220/110/60) 39 400 460 460 660 560 460
Coil (198/163/70) 35 420 460 460 690 590 460
Flower (110/110/60) 78 440 460 460 660 560 460
Shell (188/173/70) 30 420 460 460 690 590 460
Brick (200/100/70) 50 410 460 460 690 560 460
Cap of Monomakh (brick + 2 pentagons) 8/16 430 460 460 690 590 460
Pentagon (280/240/70) 20 430 460 460 660 590 460

After analyzing the data from the table, you can see that the cost of purchasing paving stones or tiles for blind areas around the house largely depends on the size parameters, shape and color of the material.

Blind area around the house: video how to make a design, paving technology

For a blind area from a tile, a sand-gravel cushion is formed in the way that was described earlier. Only in this case it will be necessary to make an additional layer of sand (8-10 cm) on top of it.


When constructing a blind area from paving slabs, it is necessary to create a sand or sand-gravel cushion

The paving technology is simple enough that this procedure can be performed independently. Installation of tiles can be started from any angle that seems convenient to you. As you paving, you should move in the direction away from you. In the process of work, it is recommended to use the brickwork method.

Note! The layout of elements can be any. You can come up with it or use ready-made options, of which there are many on the network.

In order for the tile to fit snugly to the base, it is better to use a special tool - a rubber mallet.

Scheme for mounting tiles using a mallet:

  • lay tiles on the surface of the base;


When paving tiles or paving stones, it is better to use a special tool - a rubber mallet

  • a wooden plank should be placed on top of the tile;
  • with the help of a mallet, it is necessary to gently and carefully press the tile, tapping the tool on the plank.

Remember to use a building level to check the tiling. Not only the tile itself, but all the rows must be evenly spaced in relation to each other. In some cases, you may experience material sagging. This problem is solved by pouring sand under the corresponding coating elements. The protruding sections can be put in place with a mallet.

When paving, it is very important to observe the necessary slope of the blind area. The entire surface of the system is tiled. To cut the material to the desired size, it is recommended to use a grinder.

The blind area around the house: how to repair the concrete system with your own hands

During operation, the concrete blind area may be destroyed. But if you repair the blind area around the house with your own hands, you can not only extend the life of this structure, but also significantly save on paying for the services of craftsmen.

The most common problems:

  • the occurrence of cracks;
  • surface delamination;
  • crumbling.

The price of do-it-yourself repair of the blind area around the house depends on several factors. First of all, the cost of the work depends on the degree of neglect of the structure, as well as the method that was chosen to repair the damage. Equally important is the type of material, its quantity.


Repairing cracks in the blind area with a sealant

Do-it-yourself methods for eliminating cracks in the blind area

Cracks in the blind area are of a different nature. Such damage can be classified as crevices, concrete breaks or gaps. It depends on the depth of the damage. Methods of dealing with cracks in each of the cases will be appropriate to the depth and severity of these damages.

Helpful advice! All work to eliminate cracks in the blind area must be performed in the off-season (autumn / spring).

Table of ways to repair the blind area and the necessary materials:

Damage depth Elimination method Repair materials
1 mm "self-healing" small cracks are not dangerous for the structure, they self-repair in the process of walking along the blind area
1-3mm "cement paste" cracks are filled with a solution consisting of cement and water in proportions of 1: 1
3-30mm pouring concrete;
formation of a hydroseal;
use of sealants		 pouring with concrete requires preliminary expansion of cracks to a conical shape and the application of a primer (Ceresit ST-17); to form a hydroseal, Lugato 5 Mortel putty is required; ISOSEAL P-40, TEKTOR 103 is suitable for sealing cracks with sealant
over 30 mm pouring concrete damage of this size is considered structural splits and is repaired only by pouring concrete

How to eliminate delamination and crumbling

The second most common problem is stratification. Experts call this process delamination or concrete dusting.

There are several prerequisites for the appearance of stratification:

  1. Uneven hardening of the concrete solution (occurs in the spring when concrete is poured on a cold base).
  2. Too thick structure.
  3. Exceeding the norm of air content in the solution.
  4. Exceeding the proportion of crushed stone in the concrete solution.


Detailed instructions for repairing the blind area

If the surface of the blind area crumbles or delaminates, the structure should be treated with a "cement test". To eliminate this problem, the use of compositions with liquid glass is allowed. The main components of the solution are water, cement, liquid glass in equal proportions.

Damage repair scheme:

  1. Analysis of the situation, determination of the boundaries of damage.
  2. Cutting a piece of concrete.
  3. Treatment of the marginal zone with a primer.
  4. Applying the solution to the damaged area.
  5. Covering the solution with a film.

The repair area should be kept under the film until the solution is completely dry.

Note! If the damage is not repaired in time, then the blind area will have to be dismantled and a new structure formed. Therefore, it is recommended that all repair work in a timely manner.


The blind area around a private house, made of paving stones

Additional protective measures

There are several ways to protect the blind area from concrete from premature destruction:

  • ironing method;
  • primer coating;
  • processing with liquid glass;
  • natural stone cladding or tile installation.

Regardless of which type of construction you choose (rigid, semi-rigid or soft system), it is recommended to install a storm drain next to the blind area. With this element, you can eliminate silting personal plot by diverting the flowing water to a suitable place for this.