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How to plaster walls, tips and advice from professionals. Proper plastering and plastering the wall with your own hands What you need for plastering walls

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

Everyone who decides to start thinking about this question thinks about it. self-repair apartments, houses or other premises. Plastering helps to level the surfaces of partitions, walls or other planes, making them perfectly even. How to eliminate visible defects on a plane using a mixture?

The better to plaster walls

Before leveling the surface, you should know how to properly plaster the walls and what kind of plaster is:

  1. Normal. It is used to level the work surface, so that later it can be applied with a thin layer of decorative coating. Ordinary plaster protects the walls from the outside from the harmful effects environment.
  2. Special. Designed to improve the heat and sound insulation of the room. This kind of mixture creates a shielding layer on the surface, which protects against x-rays, etc.
  3. Decorative. Serves as a finish, increases the aesthetic expressiveness of the design.

For plastering walls, the following mixtures are often used:

  1. Lime-sand mortar. It is recommended for interior decoration, for the reason that its consistency is less durable, unlike cement-sand mortar. The advantage of this mixture is its environmental friendliness and ease of use.
  2. Cement-sand mortar. It can be applied to alignment of internal and external surfaces. The composition for a relatively small cost can change your brick garage beyond recognition or serve as the basis for tiles in the bathroom. When working with such plaster, significant wall defects can be corrected. If the mortar was properly prepared and applied to the wall, then the outdoor coating will last for many years.
  3. Gypsum mix. Suitable for indoor decoration. The use of selenite and alabaster guarantees an absolute smoothness of the surface. The gypsum plaster finishing process is quick and easy. The downside of the coating is its high price and instability against moisture.
  4. magnesium mixture. It is an additional component in the preparation of specialized plaster, with the help of which finishing work is carried out indoors.

wall plaster technology

The person performing the repair work needs to know how to properly apply plaster to the walls. Then you can already define the tools necessary for work:

  1. A plaster trowel is the main inventory of finishing work, without which you can not do. Thanks to it, the process of dosing raw materials, mixing, throwing, leveling the solution is carried out.
  2. Liter bucket. It is necessary for the dosage of the finishing material and the accurate application of the mixture.
  3. Half graters. They come in various sizes and are designed for leveling the finished surface and grouting the last layer.
  4. Beacons - reiki-rules, with the help of which the level of applying the solution to the surface is determined.

If all the tools that are necessary for finishing are available, then you can proceed to direct alignment. To do this, you need to know how to plaster the walls with your own hands. The process means:

  • Cleansing, moisturizing and thorough preparation of the walls. If the coating is brick, then the seams should be cleared, the depth of which will be at least one centimeter. On wood and slag concrete walls it is necessary to apply frequent notches or cover with a reinforced mesh with a cell diameter of not more than five centimeters. It is better to cover the grid with paint so that it is not damaged by corrosion.
  • Placing husks on a previously prepared surface. That is, mortar grades are smeared in the corners, which are equated to the thickness of the required layer of plaster mass. Beacons are attached to these places and the solution is thrown into the cavity between the marker and the wall in three layers: the first is a spray of five millimeters with a liquid mixture, the second is the soil, which is the thickest layer (thicker than the spray), the third is a two-millimeter covering applied to the ground, which has already frozen, and then leveled.
  • Plastering the main wall in three stages. Beacons are placed on it, and then a solution is thrown.
  • Grout. The applied composition is rubbed with the help of trowels with intensive circular movements, and the remaining relief depressions are filled with fresh plaster.

How to level walls with plaster

Plaster is an excellent finishing material that contributes to perfect alignment. How to plaster walls? For this you need:

  1. Remove the finish in the form of wallpaper, the top layer of plaster that was previously on the surface. Try to rid the walls (brick, others) of cracks, chips, voids.
  2. Apply the correct coat of primer so that the new plaster is perfectly fixed.
  3. Measure the curvature of the surface before the direct installation of the pendulums. Apply a level to it and calculate the difference between the top and bottom points. The site should be chosen at least one and a half meters in order to establish accurate indicators of curvature. If the difference is less than a centimeter, then leveling can be done with putty, but noticeable differences need plastering.
  4. Fix beacons with alabaster in a vertical position along the entire length to the upper drops. We pull the thread on the profile from top to bottom.

It's time to learn how to properly plaster the walls: first of all, we prepare the mixture, and then apply the mortar from the pendulum to the pendulum with casts. The process will go much faster if you use special equipment - a compressor (gun) for plastering. After one layer has dried, apply another. Do not try to level the plaster at once, it is impossible. The leveling layer must be applied with a spatula. It is subsequently rubbed with a trowel or sandpaper.

Lighthouse wall plastering

Lighthouses help to make any surface perfectly flat. They visually allow you to see how much plaster should be applied. Plastering on lighthouses is carried out in the classical way, which is often used in construction: pulling on a pair of cords parallel to the floor and ceiling, vertically and diagonally. This method of marking gives a clear idea of ​​the unevenness of the walls, which should be covered with plaster.

The distance between the cord and the work surface is chosen arbitrarily, but it must be sufficient so that there is no contact. The first two marks should be placed in the corners of the wall with an indent of fifteen to twenty centimeters and fastened with alabaster. Intermediate ones are installed along the cords that are stretched between the profiles coming out of the corners. How then to plaster the walls? The solution is applied from beacon to beacon.

Leveling walls without beacons

The advantages of plastering by this method are savings, since the consumption of finished plaster is significantly reduced due to the application of a thin layer and due to the lack of labor-intensive preparatory work for setting up beacons. So, for alignment without beacons follows.

Almost everyone knows that wall plastering is an effective way to eliminate defects and uneven surfaces. But when you need to do the work yourself for the first time, many questions often arise related to the technology of applying the solution to various surfaces. Consider how a beginner can plaster walls with his own hands: videos, photos and expert recommendations.

Before proceeding with the plastering of the surface, it is necessary to accurately represent all the features and nuances of this process. In this case, there will be no insurmountable obstacles for a novice master, and the result of the work will be close to a professional one.

In addition to theoretical knowledge in this area, it is important to gain basic practical skills that will help in further work. It's best to practice on a small, less visible area first. This will give you the opportunity to test your own capabilities and identify typical mistakes arising in the course of work.

The experience of plastering is useful to any owner of an apartment or a private house who prefers to do repairs on his own. Plaster is often used to level the surface, which is necessary for the walls of almost all old houses.

It is important to choose the right plaster mixture, taking into account the characteristics and material from which the wall is built. It is also worth considering the type of surface and environmental features. It largely depends on whether the work will be carried out outside or inside the building. Consider the technology features for each type of surface.

How to plaster a brick wall with your own hands

To plaster a brick wall with high quality, it is better to use a mixture that was made on the basis of cement. Sometimes lime is included in the composition, which gives the mixture additional plasticity. This allows the use of plaster in rooms that are characterized by high humidity. Or in the case when work is carried out outside the building.

The procedure for applying plaster on a brick wall is carried out taking into account the following recommendations:

  • the layer of the mixture that is applied to the brick wall should not be more than 30 mm. At the same time, it is important to know that if the layer thickness is more than 20 mm, it is imperative to use a chain-link mesh as a base. This will hold the mixture layer and make it more reliable, preventing the coating from falling off the wall over time. Plasterers in this way can be both external and internal walls building;
  • in order for the characteristics of the coating to finally meet the requirements, it is necessary to mix all the ingredients correctly, observing the following proportions: add ¾ parts of sand to 1 part of cement, having previously cleaned and sieved it. After that, water is added and all components are mixed until the solution becomes plastic, while maintaining its density;
  • another option is a cement-lime mixture. To prepare it, you need 1 part of cement, as well as 5/7 parts of sand and ½ part of lime dough. In this case, you first need to mix cement and sand, and then add lime to them, previously diluted in water to the consistency of milk.

Helpful advice! If, as a result of preparing the plaster according to all the recommendations, the mixture still turned out to be too thick, it is allowed to add a small amount water.

One of the most difficult cases is the need to plaster over facing bricks. Its surface is too smooth and this significantly impairs the adhesive properties of the plaster. In some cases, the use of a reinforcing mesh may not be effective and the plaster crumbles in pieces or simply rolls over the surface. For such complex surfaces, there is an affordable solution in the form of special primers.

Although many prefer to do everything on their own by watching a training video. For beginners, plastering walls may seem like a daunting task, however, the necessary skill is formed quickly, and after a few hours of training, applying the mixture evenly and beautifully will be much easier.

Note! A video can be very useful on how a beginner can plaster drywall walls with his own hands. This process has its own nuances and, if necessary, should be considered on an individual basis.

How to plaster walls: video instructions for working with a concrete surface

Working with a concrete surface has its own nuances. If the surface is smooth, preliminary preparation and application of a primer to which quartz inclusions are added will be required. This allows you to make the wall rough and provide the necessary adhesion of the surface to the plaster. To enhance the adhesion of the mixture and the wall, it is recommended to add gypsum powder to the solution at the mixing stage.

The better to plaster the walls inside the house, if we are talking about concrete surface? A gypsum-lime mortar is suitable for this purpose, which can be prepared using the following components: 1 part gypsum and ¾ parts lime. First of all, gypsum is mixed with water. This must be done very quickly to prevent the mixture from thickening. Then lime mortar is added and again all this is quickly mixed until a homogeneous mass.

A complex preparation process is not required if the concrete wall initially has a rough surface. In this case, it will be enough to use the traditional technology of applying plaster.

Helpful advice! Experts say that regardless of the type of concrete wall to be plastered, it would be useful to pre-apply a primer layer. deep penetration.

How to plaster the walls in the bathroom: the advantages and disadvantages of various options

The answer to the question of how to plaster the walls in the bathroom under the tiles requires special attention. Difficult operating conditions, characterized by high humidity and constant temperature changes, can adversely affect the condition of the coating.

There are two options for choosing how to plaster the walls in the bath: cement and gypsum composition. The first option provides excellent waterproofing, which in conditions high humidity is an undeniable advantage. In addition, the material is characterized by vapor impermeability and extremely high strength.

But the use of gypsum plaster for finishing the bathroom has some nuances that will have to be taken into account. First of all, this concerns the thickness of the layer. It should not exceed 20 mm. And before you start laying tiles, you must definitely treat the surface with a primer.

Thus, in the bathroom it is better to plaster the walls with cement mortar. With your own hands, the material is easy to apply, and its characteristics show that the coating will last for many years and will be a good base for tiles.

Separately, it is worth considering the question of how a beginner can plaster the ceiling with his own hands. Video tutorials demonstrate all the complexities and subtleties of this task, so the owner can only follow the recommendations to get a good result.

How to plaster walls with your own hands: features of working with foam concrete

One of the main conditions for working with foam concrete is the use of a reinforcing mesh. In this case, the use of both gypsum and cement mortar is acceptable. The main thing is to qualitatively prepare the surface by treating it with a special impregnating primer, which is able to penetrate deep into the surface. But sometimes the use of additional measures is still required, for example, fixing a special reinforcing fiberglass mesh, which is called "serpyanka".

A responsible approach to the choice of materials for plastering walls determines the service life of the coating, as well as the level of comfort in the process. In specialized stores you can find ready-made mixtures for any type of surface. Therefore, if you do not want to mess around with mixing the components yourself, you can simply purchase a ready-made version. Such a product is simply diluted with water, after which it will be ready for use. Moreover, the recommendations of the manufacturers will make it possible to understand the better to plaster the walls in a particular case.

Important! Given the variety of dry building mixes, it is very easy to get confused in them and not get exactly what is required. Therefore, it is recommended that you carefully read all instructions and recommendations provided by the product manufacturer.

How for a beginner to plaster walls with his own hands: video instruction

It is first necessary to carry out preparatory work aimed at cleaning the surface of various kinds of contaminants and removing old finishing materials. This stage is important, as it determines how well the plaster will hold in the future.

In order to ensure a good bond, the wall must be thoroughly cleaned, removing everything that may be between its base and the plaster. The cleaning method is selected taking into account the characteristics of the material of which the wall consists. All cracks identified during preparatory phase, must be eliminated to prevent cracking of the plaster in the future.

You can fix cracks in the wall different ways, each of which is suitable for a particular size of damage. For small cracks that penetrate deep into the wall, it will need to be widened to get to the narrowest part.

Having found its base, cleaning is carried out in order to eliminate dust and dirt. The primer is then liberally applied with a brush. When everything is completely dry, the crack can be repaired with a putty prepared on the basis of gypsum or cement. Using a spatula, you need to try as best as possible to equalize the "patch" with the surface of the wall.

A shallow narrow crack may well be sealed with a sealant or silicone compound. Usually, a special nozzle with a thin nose is included with the tube, which allows you to easily carry out such operations, directing it deep into the crack.

If you need to eliminate really extensive damage, then for this purpose you can use mounting foam. Usually one coat of primer is applied, after which the space is filled.

Helpful advice! If during the work the excess foam came out above the level of the wall, then they can be easily removed by cutting with a sharp knife.

How to plaster a brick wall: features of surface preparation

The better to plaster brick walls inside the house is a moot point. However, regardless of the choice, a quality surface preparation procedure must be carried out.

Often you have to deal with what is on the surface brick wall there is already a layer of old plaster. In this case, it is necessary to qualitatively get rid of it. To do this, you can use water and a sponge, wetting the surface several times and waiting until the water is absorbed. This procedure will greatly facilitate the task.

After that, using a spatula, the thickness of the working surface of which is at least 1.5-2 mm, as well as a hammer, the old plaster is knocked off. To do this neatly and at the same time effectively, you first need to carefully tap one of the sections of the wall with a hammer. As a result of this procedure, cracks will appear that will allow the spatula to pick up the coating. If necessary, the handle of the spatula can also be tapped with a hammer to facilitate the removal of the old coating.

Related article:


The main types of mesh, selection principles, applications, plastering methods, application options, tips and tricks.

After removing a layer of old plaster, you need to walk along the surface with an iron brush or grinder. After that, it is worth starting to deepen the seams between the bricks. This will ensure better adhesion between the plaster and the wall. It will be enough to deepen them by 5-7 mm.

The final step in preparing a brick wall is to clean the surface with a soft brush and a damp cloth. Then it remains only to apply a layer of deep penetration primer. Moreover, it is better to do this in two layers, after allowing the first layer to dry before applying the second.

Features of preparing the surface of a concrete wall

Compared to a brick wall, a concrete wall is much easier to clean. However, due to the smoother texture, it will be more difficult to apply the plaster in such a way that it will hold.

In order to remove a layer of whitewash from the concrete surface, it is necessary to thoroughly moisten the sponge with water and wipe the wall. Then, using an iron brush, clean off the unnecessary layer and carefully wipe the surface again.

Another way is to apply a thick layer of paste over the whitewash. After complete drying, using a conventional spatula, the entire top layer can be easily cleaned.

Having completed the cleaning, you can proceed to the application of shallow notches on the surface. This measure will ensure adhesion. Despite the fact that their application will require a lot of effort and time, this process is very important and determines the result of the work, so this step should not be neglected.

Some prefer to use more in a simple way that do not require notching - priming and adding quartz sand, followed by plastering the walls with a cement-sand mortar. Due to the fine fraction, it is held on the surface, creating adhesion between the plaster and the wall. However, this method is not always effective, and in order to verify its effectiveness, it is recommended that you first test it on a small section of the wall.

Helpful advice! Determine how effective method will quartz sand allow a simple test: a primer with sand is applied to the surface and left to dry completely. Then you need to run your hand along the wall. If the sand begins to crumble from touch, then you will have to attend to the creation of notches on the surface.

Features of the preparation of a wooden surface

The process of cleaning a wooden surface is the simplest of all the tasks considered. In this case, it is enough to knock on the wall with a hammer, and the plaster will simply crumble to the floor. It is recommended to lay a plastic sheet in advance to avoid contamination and facilitate the cleaning process.

To fix the plaster on a wooden surface, you will need to fill special wooden slats. In the people they are called shingles. With the help of ordinary nails, they are stuffed all over the wall, focusing diagonally. This allows you to create not only an excellent basis for laying the finishing material, but at the same time solves the problem of the need to create beacons, which are required to level the wall surface.

If, after removing a layer of old plaster, shingles are found under it, it must be knocked down and a new one made. Wooden elements quickly become unusable, succumbing to decay, insects and the influence of time. In addition, often the old shingles serve as a source of an unpleasant odor.

It is important not to forget about the need to apply protection to all wooden surfaces and elements. An antiseptic is needed to prevent the appearance of fungi, mold, and harmful insects in the wood. The composition is applied to each element and to the wall before filling the shingles, and then again after the installation is completed. This allows for the highest level of protection.

There are cases when, instead of wooden laths for crates, they use metal mesh chain-link. This is also a valid option, however, its thickness should be at least 3 mm, and fastening should not be carried out to the wall surface itself, but to rails specially prepared for this.

How to plaster walls with your own hands: video instructions for placing beacons

Since one of the main goals of plastering is to level the existing surface as much as possible, landmarks, which are also called beacons, will be required. To understand how to plaster walls on lighthouses, you need to understand how and why they are exposed. This is done using the building level in order to be able to make the surface as even as possible in the future.

Usually, metal guides are used for this purpose, the fastening of which is carried out using a gypsum mortar. This method is good because the gypsum dries quickly and does not allow the profile to move, keeping it in position. Such beacons should be placed at a distance of about 1.5 m from each other.

Helpful advice! If the existing level is too short and its length is not enough, in order to check the evenness of the fastening of the beacons, you can use a long bar. It is attached to one of the guides until the solution is completely dry, and a level is applied to its center.

As an example, you can see the instructions on how to plaster walls with your own hands without beacons. The video will clearly demonstrate other options for leveling the surface.

Rules for applying plaster to the surface

Plastering the surface consists of three stages, in each of which a layer of mortar is applied. Each of them is different and fits according to a special technology that best suits its purpose. The first layer is the thickest. It pounces on the wall and actually serves as a draft, on top of which more even and smooth layers will be laid in the future.

The application of the first layer is carried out with a trowel or simply by hand. It is only important to remember that in case of contact of the solution with the skin, it is necessary to take care of protection in the form of rubber gloves. The thickness of the first layer depends on the base: for a brick or concrete wall, 5 mm will be enough, but for a wooden one, a layer of about 8-9 mm will be required, taking into account the crate.

The second layer should be applied more carefully, but still it is not a finish. It is applied with a wide spatula or trowel, bringing the solution to a pasty consistency. The thickness of the middle layer should be about 7-8 mm.

Finishing layer prepared with the addition of fine-grained sand, which does not contain large inclusions. By consistency, the solution should resemble sour cream in order to lie down evenly and smooth out all the bumps that remain after applying the first two layers.

For beginners in this matter, the purchase of ready-made mixtures for each layer, which are in any hardware store, will help to eliminate the risk of error. Their compositions almost always promote good adhesion and provide a durable and reliable coating.

It is also worth watching a video beforehand on how to plaster the corners of the walls. Of course, a flat surface is easier to work with, but it can take some skill to align the corners, especially considering how imperfect the source data can be.

How to prepare a solution for plaster with your own hands

Despite the opportunity to save yourself the hassle and purchase ready-made compositions, many prefer to try to do everything on their own and prepare the plaster for each layer with their own hands. Consider some of the most popular recipes that are widely used and have already gained confidence:

  1. Cement mortar, in which 3 parts of sand must be added to 1 part of cement.
  2. A mortar based on lime, in which 3 parts of sand are added to 1 part of lime.
  3. Cement-lime: 5 parts of sand account for 1 part of lime and 1 part of cement.
  4. Lime composition with the addition of gypsum: 1 part of dry gypsum is added to 3 parts of lime, kneaded to a doughy state.

Important! The resulting solution should be plastic and easily "disperse" over the applied surface, but at the same time it should not flow down.

Before starting to mix the mortar according to the chosen recipe, it is useful to know that the prepared amount should be used within an hour, since later the plaster tends to lose some of its qualities, for example, plasticity. In addition, such an "expired" material does not adhere well to the surface.

Particular attention should be paid to the solution prepared with the addition of gypsum, since this component significantly reduces the shelf life of the plaster before applying to the wall. Such a solution must be applied immediately, immediately after preparation. In addition, the duration of drying will be affected by the thickness of the layer: a thin one will dry almost instantly.

In order to avoid mistakes and not spoil a portion of the finished mixture, you need to carefully study the instructions, and only after that proceed to adding water, since the setting and drying period may be different.

How to mix the solution yourself: rules and recommendations

To mix a quality mixture yourself, you must adhere to the following procedure:

  • in a container designed for mixing the solution, you need to pour water. Then, according to the instructions, pour 6-8 trowels of the finished mixture and mix everything thoroughly using a construction mixer;
  • the rest of the mixture is added gradually and in the process of thorough mixing, which avoids the formation of lumps and gives the plaster plasticity and uniformity;
  • then it is advisable to wait 2-3 minutes and mix the solution again. At this stage, it can be determined whether it is necessary to add water or a dry mix to make the plaster thicker or, conversely, thinner.

Once again, it is worth paying attention that one batch should consist of such an amount of material that can be used here and now. The recommendation looks like this:

  • for a solution containing gypsum, the shelf life is limited to 25-30 minutes;
  • if it was used cement base, then this period will be 40-60 minutes.

Wanting to give the surface a finished look, many prefer to apply a layer of putty on top, which makes the surface perfectly smooth and serves as an excellent base for painting. A video on how to putty walls with your own hands tells in detail about all the nuances of this process and allows you to effectively complete the finishing work on leveling the surface.

How to putty walls with your own hands: video for a beginner

You can learn how to properly plaster walls with cement mortar or a mixture that includes gypsum by watching a thematic training video. The video on how to properly plaster walls tells in detail about the preparation and implementation of each stage.

In addition, in this way you can get answers to many questions of interest, for example, how to plaster the corners of the walls and what needs to be done in order to keep the coating in its original form in the future. Be sure to pay attention to the finishing stage - puttying the walls and their further processing.

Required Tools

Since more and more people dare to plaster walls without involving a master today, detailed and accessible instructions are needed that would anticipate the questions of a beginner. This article is the main contender for such a role!

Is plastering worth the time?

The word "plaster" is known to absolutely everyone, even children and people not associated with construction, while few people think about the functions of such a coating. Not so long ago, several decades ago, this stage of construction was one of the main ones. However, today, with the development of technology, new Construction Materials, capable of replacing lime-sand mortars and becoming a worthy alternative to gypsum mixtures. These include the well-known drywall.

But it is one thing when it comes to building a new building with even walls, and quite another when you are going to renovate an old 20-year-old house. Often in such rooms there is a huge difference in the level of the walls, and it is irrational to level them with drywall, because. allowances are required for its installation, which will significantly hide the area. With the help of plaster, you can achieve an ideal surface with minimal losses. In addition, it is the most economical way.

Wall alignment is the main, but not the only function. Thus, it is easy to provide reliable protection of the surface from moisture and at the same time to avoid air locking. Significantly increase sound and heat insulation performance. And by giving preference to double-sided plastering, you will make brickwork more durable. In addition, plaster can also act as a decorative coating.

Tricks to get a reliable layer

Before we plunge headlong into learning how to plaster walls, let's talk about some tricks with which you can not only achieve great result but also significant savings. If the family budget is limited, then only those surfaces on which there are noticeable irregularities can be plastered. Pay special attention to the bottom, at least 15 cm from the floor. The fact is that the plinth gives out even the slightest surface irregularities.

Notching walls

A variety of materials - how not to get confused?

The times when plaster was a lime-sand mixture are far behind. Now we will consider the main types of plaster, taking into account their advantages and disadvantages. Such mixtures are divided into facade and mixtures for interior work. The first are durable and durable, have sufficient moisture and frost resistance. To the virtues facade decoration should also be attributed to resistance to ultraviolet radiation. Less severe requirements are imposed on plaster used for interior work. In this case, it is more important that the material is environmentally friendly, so it is better to give preference to water-based mixtures.

Walls covered with decorative plaster

Gypsum plaster can achieve a higher surface quality, but it has some limitations. Such a solution does not tolerate contact with cement and is afraid high humidity. The composition of decorative plaster includes both natural and artificial components, while cement, lime, acrylic, latex serve as the basis. Usually, the necessary color is immediately added to such a mixture, and then the walls do not need additional coloring. With the help of such plaster it is easy to imitate the most various materials starting from natural stone and ending with textiles and leather. The relief of the surface depends on the size of the filler.

Textured is usually sold dry or already ready-made, and the question of how to plaster correctly is rarely considered, because. the process is pretty simple. In the first case, it is necessary to dilute the powder with water in the proportions indicated on the label. But with a ready-made solution, you can immediately plaster the walls. The work will not cause difficulties, and the cost of the material will please. One of the newest coatings is flock. It consists of 3 layers. First, an adhesive base is applied to the wall, on top of which special flocks or, as they are also called, chips are attached. Finished with a lacquer finish. It provides reliable protection of the surface from external influences.

There is also Venetian plaster. Unlike most types of decorative mixtures, it makes the surface perfectly smooth. However, this does not negatively affect appearance premises, and even opposite. The composition of the mixture includes marble flour, and with its help it is easy to imitate various types of stone. The solution is applied in several thin layers, as a result, the wall seems to glow. It is difficult to learn how to work with such a solution, therefore, if you prefer it, it is better to trust the professionals. This is a laborious process, because each layer needs high-quality polishing. Noteworthy is such a type of plaster as sgraffito.

In this case, an unusual relief coating with a pattern and even a pattern will decorate the wall. This technology is also not simple. Several layers are applied to the surface different color, and to get the desired ornament, some parts are removed.

Let's say a few words about special mixtures, they are most often used for finishing enterprises, workshops and laboratories. The acid-resistant materials are based on liquid potassium glass. However, this material is afraid of contact with air, so a layer of ordinary sand-cement mortar. But the main component of X-ray protective plaster is barite concentrate. This is a cheap way to protect against x-rays, but there are some rules to keep in mind when working with such a mixture. Firstly, it is forbidden to join this plaster, therefore, a protective coating should be applied immediately to the entire wall. Secondly, work can only be carried out at a temperature of more than 15 ° C.

We level the walls with our own hands - how to meet the deadline

Let's move on from theory to the practical part and consider how to properly plaster walls with ordinary mortar. Decorative mixtures are rather capricious, so it is better to entrust their application to professionals, and it is easy to learn how to work with gypsum plaster or cement mortar.

Wall plastering instructions

Step 1: Preparatory work

It does not matter what you will be working with, with gypsum, lime or cement plaster, you should start the process by preparing the room. It is best to completely free it from furniture. If this is not possible, you must at least move all the remaining things to the center to provide free access to the walls. Then we cover them with a film to protect them from the solution. Be sure to take care of flooring, because cleaning off a dried solution is not the most pleasant thing. Cover the floor with a film, you can fill it with sawdust, they will also protect the coating from adhering plaster.

How to plaster walls - discovering ourselves in a new construction role
What mixtures should a novice master choose today, how to dilute wall plaster and use it correctly? Video for learning how to apply the mixture.

After repair work I want to see the highest quality result, and without even walls you can definitely forget about it. How do craftsmen manage to create the perfect coating on concrete walls?

Smooth walls - the merit of plaster

The plaster makes the concrete base under the finishing material smooth and straight. Surfaces acquire additional strength and useful properties.

Is it necessary to plaster concrete walls if they are even?

If the concrete enclosing structures at first glance seem to be even, they may still have seams or defects in the form of chips and potholes. It is difficult to hide such shortcomings with putty; after facing with a finishing material, errors will come out. Therefore, it is necessary to plaster the base. In addition, thermal conductivity and sound insulation are improved.

Existing technologies

Concrete walls are plastered with and without beacons. The first option levels the area and eliminates defects. This technology is suitable for interior work in residential premises, where the creation of absolutely vertical and smooth partitions is required.
The second technology will hide large defects, but will not even out the curvature. Non-residential, utility, utility rooms, garages are plastered in this way, where aesthetics are not the main thing.

Which plaster is best for concrete walls

There are many varieties plaster compositions based:

Each of the listed building mixtures is used in concrete finishing. The choice depends on:

  • destination,
  • external temperature conditions,
  • drying times,
  • degree of unevenness.

It is advisable to carry out the exterior finish with cement mortars, since the remaining compositions have low moisture resistance and strength.

Is gypsum plaster applied to a concrete wall

As already mentioned, gypsum powder formulations are also applicable to concrete. They have a lot of advantages, but there are also disadvantages. Gypsum solutions are not allowed to plaster rooms with high humidity. Also, the coating is unstable to damage. For these reasons, the scope of this composition is limited.

The better to plaster concrete walls in an apartment

If we talk about the quality of the result regarding the finish concrete base in the apartment, cement plaster is the most popular. Its main advantages are strength and durability. In addition to these qualities, she has:

  • moisture resistance,
  • practicality,
  • low cost,
  • vapor permeability,
  • thermal conductivity,
  • soundproofing.

The disadvantages include:

  • large proportion,
  • complex application technology,
  • time spent on finishing and subsequent drying.

How to plaster a concrete wall with your own hands

You can fix the curvature of the walls in the apartment with your own hands, without resorting to professional help. The main thing is to choose correct composition, stock up on building arsenal and follow technology.

Instruments

The market has wide range of plaster accessories. The main ones are presented below:

  • plaster mesh for a durable result,
  • guide rails that act as beacons,
  • bucket and construction mixer for mixing mortar,
  • trowel or spatula - blades with which it is convenient to take and apply the plaster mixture,
  • square - a special wooden or metal spatula designed for applying plaster to corner areas,
  • plaster falcon - a tray with a handle on which the solution is laid out,
  • ladle - as an alternative to a trowel and a falcon,
  • rule - smooth metal or wooden lath to create the perfect surface,
  • building level(water level) or level - devices for determining the value of the difference,
  • grater to give texture or a smooth surface.

Surface preparation

Before the plastering process, a number of preparatory steps should be performed:

  • remove old finishes (paint, whitewash, wallpaper, tiles),
  • eliminate defects (bumps and other convex irregularities),
  • make notches with a hatchet or hammer, because for better adhesion of the material to the base, the surface must be rough,
  • pierce the channels, if communications are planned,
  • get rid of dirt and dust on the wall by wiping it with a damp sponge or
  • rinse with water and then dry
  • apply a thin coat of primer. After complete drying, the procedure must be repeated again.
  • lay the electrical cables in appropriate grooves,
  • attach a plaster mesh to the wall with dowels.

The plastering process begins with the installation of beacons - wooden or metal slats. The spirit level checks their vertical position. Next, you should prepare the solution, according to the instructions, depending on the composition of the plaster.

The next step is the application of "spray" - the first layer of plaster. With a special ladle or with the help of a trowel and a falcon, throw the solution with sharp movements onto the moistened surface to be treated and thus fill the entire area. Maintain thickness up to 5 mm, remove excess with a rule. Let the layer dry.

Then - drawing the second layer, up to 10 mm thick. In fact, the procedure is repeated, but this time the solution is allowed both to throw and to spread. The base should be aligned with the rule, stretching it along the beacons from the bottom up.

This is followed by the application of the third layer - "covering" up to 2 mm thick.
After that, plaster the outer and internal corners special tools.
Then carefully remove the beacons until the previous layer is completely dry and fill in the traces of them separately with putty.

At the end, you need to make a grout - go over the surface with a grater to add texture or smoothness. This must be done when the last layer has set, but has not had time to dry.

When can the next finishing work be carried out?

Only after the base has completely dried is it worth proceeding with further work on finishing the wall.

For good adhesion, you need to go through the primer and again wait for complete drying, this will take about a day.

Puttying in two layers is the next step. The coating must dry completely.
After all the work done, they proceed to facing with decorative materials:

Plastering - excellent and most best way get rid of irregularities and defects. beautiful walls- the key to a good repair.

How to plaster concrete walls with your own hands in an apartment
Do I need to level the concrete walls in the apartment, if they are even and how to properly plaster uneven surfaces according to the technology: do-it-yourself plastering technology, which mixture for plastering is better and whether gypsum boards should be used

Plastering works are performed not only to level the surface, but also to give it various decorative properties.
It is only important to know how to properly plaster with cement mortar. Having studied the technology of preparatory and plastering works allows you to get a high quality surface and for many years.

But what do you need to know in order to properly apply plaster on the walls?
The work is divided into several stages.
The stage of surface preparation, tools and materials.
Installing beacons. The installation of beacons is written on the website in the article "How to align walls with beacons using plaster."
Preparation of the composition and application of plaster on the surface.

Initial stage of work

Each surface must go through a preparation stage.
Surface preparation for plastering includes cleaning the surface from old paint, wallpaper, dirt and greasy stains.

To facilitate the removal of old wallpaper, apply a special solution to the surface that lifts the material. After a short exposure, lift the old wallpaper with a spatula, winding it under the wallpaper.
Old paint is scraped off with a spatula or a wire brush.

The cleaned and dried surface must be primed.
A primer is a liquid, which includes substances that increase the adhesion (adhesion) of building materials.
Be sure to follow the rule, use finishing materials from one manufacturer.
If you bought a dry plaster mixture from a certain manufacturer, then buy a primer from the same manufacturer.
A primer called Betokontakt, which is a polymer dispersion, is in high demand. increased resistance to alkali. The composition of the liquid includes quartz sand, which several times increases the adhesion of the primer.

Applying plaster

The process of applying plaster is subject to the following requirements:

  • the temperature in the premises should be in the range of + 5 ... 30ºС, and the relative humidity of the air cannot be higher than 60%,
  • using a special tool
  • the plaster mortar is applied in stages using special techniques.
    The most requested tools are:
  • spatulas and trowels of various sizes,
  • wide bast brush,
  • duralumin or wooden falcon,
  • trowel, grater, rule.

How to prepare a mortar for plaster

The selected plaster mixture is prepared according to certain rules and strictly according to the attached instructions.
Pour the required amount of water into a clean plastic bucket according to the instructions supplied with the dry plaster mixture. Then pour the dry mix in the desired parts.
To mix the mixture, use a special mixer.

You need to prepare such an amount of solution that you can process during the life of the solution. It is indicated on the packaging of dry plaster and is less than 1 hour.

The mixer can be replaced with a drill with a nozzle designed for mixing plaster solutions. Only nozzles for solutions should be used, and not for mixing paints.
The consistency of the finished solution resembles a cream over a cake. Details on the preparation of plaster mortar.

How to apply plaster correctly

Before applying the solution, it is necessary to fix the reinforcing mesh on the wall or fill the shingles. The seams on the brick must be cut, a notch is applied to the concrete surface. The depth of cut seams on bricks must be at least 5 mm. The concrete surface is wetted with water.

To apply putty on the wall, use two spatulas: up to 50 cm long and a spatula up to 10 cm wide.
Using a small spatula, the solution is superimposed on a large one, and already large is applied to the wall.
The solution can be applied with a trowel, trowel.

Throw the solution between the beacons from below, and go up. The solution is leveled by a rule that constantly moves in a horizontal plane and moves up.
Remove the remaining putty from the rule with a small spatula, applying it to the desired place on the wall.
Always clean the container from the remnants of the solution after it has been produced. The new solution is mixed only in a clean container without traces of the previous solution.

The remaining defects on the wall are eliminated after the solution dries. The formed nodules or furrows are best removed with a spatula.

The ceiling is plastered first, and then the walls.

The classic way of applying plaster

The plaster solution is applied in several layers.
The first layer is applied by spray. The second layer is a primer. The third layer is the lining. The adhesive strength of the plaster on the wall depends on the application of the first layer.
The spray is applied with a liquid mortar that fills the cells of the reinforcing mesh, shingles, notches on concrete, joints in brickwork.
The layer thickness on concrete and brick does not exceed 5 mm, on mesh or shingles up to 10 mm.
A trowel is used for spraying.
The surface is rough and does not require leveling.

It is necessary to prime the spray layer after hardening, but still wet layer. It is determined by an open palm applied to a rough surface. The surface is quite hard, but also wet at the same time.
The primer solution is somewhat thicker than the solution for spraying, it is well smeared with a spatula.
A solution is applied to the middle of the falcon and, using a wide spatula, the composition is thrown onto the wall. Each portion of the solution must be smoothed with a spatula. The mortar is applied with an overlap and immediately smoothed out.
A falcon is a square wooden plank, in the middle of which a plaster mortar is applied.
The primer layer is covered with a finishing layer of plaster and is designed to eliminate the smallest defects. The thickness of the finishing layer does not exceed 2 mm. The top coat is applied to the wet primer coat with a wide spatula in an arc, pressing the bottom edge against the primed coat.

How to plaster mortar
Most useful advice those who want to plaster the walls with their own hands and at the same time not make mistakes. The technology of applying plaster mixes on the wall yourself

How to plaster the walls in an apartment is a question that worries those who want to make repairs or build a house.

The durability and reliability of the finish, its aesthetic appearance and the frequency of repairs in the future depend on the quality of this stage of work. Doing repairs on your own or trusting professionals is everyone’s business, but more and more often, owners decide to do their own home improvement.

About how to properly plaster the walls in the apartment and what type of mixture to choose is described in detail in the article.

What is plastering for?

Plastering indoor surfaces is necessary to achieve several goals:

  • alignment of walls and ceiling;
  • sound and heat insulation;
  • creating adhesion for finishes;
  • use as a decorative coating.

For housing, plaster can become both a decorative and functional element of decoration.

Types of plasters

All types of plastering mixtures are divided into three groups: standard, special and decorative. Standard mixtures are sold in the markets and in specialized hardware stores. This is the most popular type of plaster. In turn, the standard compositions are divided into 4 types.

Type Compound Properties
Universal Based on cement, gypsum or resins with the addition of polymer compounds. Such plaster protects the house from dampness and heat loss, and also has noise-absorbing properties.
waterproofing Basis - cement with the addition of polymers Reliably protects the room from moisture and mold. Perfect option for bathrooms and kitchens.
Soundproof Plaster base - gypsum or cement Rarely used in residential areas. It is popular for finishing the premises of cinemas, concert halls, sports and industrial premises.
Heat shield The basis is gypsum or cement. Foamed perlite, foam glass, vermiculite and granulated polystyrene foam are also added. Holds heat very well. It is used for thermal insulation of the entire room and engineering communications. It does not have soundproofing properties and requires the application of finishing plaster.

Special solutions

When working with this group of plasters, you need to have on hand the documentation with the design of the premises and research on chemical composition solution. Their use is quite expensive and time-consuming, and also requires certain skills. There are two types of special mixtures:

  1. Solutions with protection against different types hazardous radiation. These include the well-known barite plaster, which is used to decorate X-ray rooms and various laboratories. It is rarely used to protect residential buildings. Before you plaster the walls in an apartment for painting with barite plaster, you need to take care of a reliable finish of the material in order to avoid toxic fumes.
  2. Acid-resistant mixtures are used in industrial premises where chemical fumes are active and may be harmful to health. In everyday life, they are used as a finish. Such plaster is not afraid of chemical attack, so it can be washed with any household products without harm.

Decorative plaster

How to plaster the walls in the apartment before painting? Decorative plaster is one of the most beautiful and original types of finishing materials. From simple patterns like bark beetle to elegant Venetian, applying this mixture requires patience and skill. Only a professional can choose the ideal decorative plaster for the interior and the basis for application. You can try to decorate your house yourself with the help of photos on the Internet, video tutorials and step-by-step instructions.

Varieties of plasters by composition

There are three main types of plaster in terms of composition. Cement is considered universal and suitable for interior and exterior use. Gypsum - used for finishing concrete, wood and brick surfaces in rooms with moderate humidity. Polymer plasters - the last word in the field of finishing materials. They are used to decorate an already flat surface.

cement mixtures

How to plaster the walls in an apartment with a rough finish? Cement compositions are suitable for this type of coating and have several advantages:

  • resistance to temperature changes;
  • the plasticity of the material allows you to work with it even a few hours after application;
  • vapor tightness and frost resistance;
  • low cost;
  • durability;
  • strength.

Despite all the advantages, cement plaster also has disadvantages. For example, a long drying period and a complex technology for working with the composition.

Tip: If you need a layer with a thickness of more than 20 mm, you must use a reinforcing mesh.

Gypsum compositions

How to plaster the walls in the apartment under the wallpaper? Gypsum plaster - best option to work in a room with normal humidity. Among its advantages it is worth highlighting:

  • high speed of work;
  • drying period - several hours;
  • layer strength gain is from 2 days to a week;
  • plaster does not require additional leveling with putty, after its application and curing, you can start painting or wallpapering.

The main disadvantage of the gypsum mixture is its instability to moisture. At high humidity, the plaster quickly deforms and cracks.

Polymer compositions

Polymer-based plaster mixtures are applied in a thin layer and are able to hide small cracks or irregularities on the surface. They can be used on a drywall, concrete or brick base.

Advantages of using decorative plaster in the interior of an apartment:

  • antiseptic properties;
  • suitable for use in rooms with a high level of humidity;
  • has decorative properties and gives an aesthetic appearance to the room;
  • suitable for both outdoor and indoor work;
  • has waterproofing properties.

The main disadvantage of polymer compositions is that they must be applied on a perfectly flat surface.

What plaster to stop on?

The base surface plays a significant role in choosing the right type of plaster.

  • What is the best way to plaster a brick wall in an apartment? For a brick wall, cement mortar is perfect. A thicker layer can be applied to such a surface. Before applying the plaster, the wall must be wetted with water or primed to improve adhesion with the mixture. Then a solution is thrown onto the surface and leveled with a rule. Further, depending on the finishing works, the plaster is rubbed and polished, minor flaws are eliminated (preparation for painting or wallpapering). If a facing material there will be a tile, then it is not necessary to grind the surface. For better adhesion to the tiles, the wall should be rough.
  • The foam concrete base is plastered mainly with gypsum mixtures, but cement mortar can also be used.

Important! Before starting work, the wall is treated with a special deep penetration primer for porous and weak surfaces.

  • What is the best way to plaster concrete walls in an apartment? For a smooth concrete surface, it is best to choose Rotband-type gypsum mixes. Before work, the wall must be treated with a special primer - concrete contact. It differs from the classical primer in the presence of quartz sand, which forms a rough layer on a smooth concrete surface. This improves the adhesion of the base to the mixture and ensures a secure fit. Unlike cement mortars, gypsum is reinforced with a polymer mesh with cells of approximately 5 by 5 mm.
  1. With significant unevenness of the walls or ceiling, you need to use beacons, they will help to achieve a perfectly even layer.
  2. The evenness of the layer must be controlled throughout the work. For this, a rule is used.
  3. The choice of plaster should be guided by the financial situation, the timing of work, experience and the type of surface that is being processed.
  4. Each next ball of plaster can be applied only after the previous one has completely dried.
  5. Plastering work requires a certain temperature regime in room. So, for cement mortars, the temperature should be from 5 to 30 ℃.
  6. When choosing a mixture, you need to carefully read the instructions for its use and expiration date. For best results, mix the solution according to the proportions indicated on the package.
  7. Ready-made mixtures from trusted manufacturers are the best option for small to medium-sized jobs, as well as for beginners who want to do their own repairs.

One of the most important stages of the repair work is the plastering of the walls of the room. This article will discuss the main types of plaster, the rules for mixing mortars, as well as the phased implementation of procedures for leveling walls.

Choosing the Right Plaster Mortar

Modern manufacturers, today, present on the market a large number of ready mixes with different characteristics and properties. All the differences between them are in the components used, which affect the solidification time of the finished solution, its strength, hardness and duration of operation. In addition to ready-made options that can be purchased at any building supermarket, the solution can be kneaded independently, observing the proportions, and using its necessary constituent elements.

When choosing a mixture, it is important to consider what surface it will be applied to. Since for concrete, brick, foam concrete and wooden walls, apply different materials, characterized in terms of adhesion (adhesion to the surface).

Plaster has a wide range of varieties, among which experts distinguish the following types, their basis is:

  • limestone;
  • cement;
  • clay.

Thanks to the technical parameters and physical properties, the most demanded is the cement mixture. Plastering walls with such a composition is considered a practical, reliable and not expensive option.

cement mortar

This type of finishing materials is divided into two main types:

  • cement and sand. With its help, the walls are leveled, and the finishing of all surfaces, except for concrete ones, is carried out.
  • cement and limestone - the most optimal for leveling the surface of brick, concrete, ceramics.

By choosing this finishing material, it is important to determine the brand of the composition. It is with its help that the correct balance is determined between the binder and fillers, which can be sawdust, polystyrene, perlite, etc. It is these fillers that are used in warm plaster containing cement. This material is a novelty on the market, but is already actively used at facilities, as thermal insulation material, with improved quality characteristics and service life.


The choice of brand depends on the peculiarity of the mixture, that is, the scope of its application ( external, internal work; rooms with high humidity):

  • M 50 - characterized by low strength of the working layer, minimal shrinkage. Most commonly used as a grouting material. Proportion (for cement M 400): 1 × 6.3, where the last value is sand.
  • M 100 - available for interior finishing work. Proportion: 1×5.
  • M 150 - we use for external work, as well as for interior decoration, with a high level of humidity. Proportion: 1×3.

Consumption per 1 m2 of cement mortar is calculated quite simply. To do this, the thickness of the proposed layer is multiplied by the available wall area. It is important to consider that the minimum layer to be applied is 6 mm, it is determined by the depth of the beacon. In this case, the maximum amount directly depends on the curvature of the surface.

Preparing the wall for plastering

Plastering walls is a time-consuming process that requires compliance with the appropriate steps. One of them is preparatory work. They are carried out after laying all the necessary communications and engineering networks.

Stages of preparation:

  1. Wall alignment. Initially, it is worth identifying all the depressions, as well as checking the vertical evenness of the surface. To eliminate irregularities, a mesh or wire (10 * 10 mm) can be used. To exclude the formation of corrosive processes on its surface, it should first be treated with cement milk. Minor errors, in the form of cracks and pits, are sealed with cement mortar, after which you need to wait 3 days until it dries completely.
  2. Cleaning. The old plaster from the wall must be removed, because after applying a new mixture to it, after some time it will lag behind the base, and lead to deformation formations. Elimination is carried out with the help of a special construction tool, or with a spatula, a hammer. All contaminants in the form of dust, dirt, old paint should also be removed. After that, it is desirable to moisten the wall with water. Surfaces where oil stains are present should be deep cleaned, and the resulting depression sealed with a mixture.
  3. Primer - involves protecting the applied plaster from premature drying, that is, it does not allow the base to absorb moisture from the mixture.
  4. Installation of beacons. The final result of plastering will depend on the accuracy and evenness of their installation.


Surface reinforcement

The plaster mesh is used in cases where the estimated layer of plaster exceeds 4 cm. The stainless steel mesh has cells from 1 * 1 cm, 4 * 4 cm. him an extra level of toughness.


Installation of beacons

Leveling the surface, the masters set themselves the task of achieving the maximum level of evenness. For this, plastering on lighthouses is the best suited. This work can be done by hand, but in this case it is necessary to listen to the recommendations of the masters.

Lighthouses are metal slats, along the perimeter of which there is perforation. Their standard thickness is 6 and 10 mm, and the length is 2.5 or 3 meters. You can buy such elements in finished form, in any hardware store.


To mark the future location, a plumb line and a building level are used, which verify the observance of plane and evenness. The step width varies, and the distance between the elements directly depends on the length of the rule. It is important that its ends fit snugly against the surface. According to accepted international standards, the first and last beacon is installed at a distance of 20 cm from each corner.

How to fix the beacon? To do this, you need a special alabaster solution, which is characterized by a high solidification rate. It is applied pointwise, on a predetermined marking line, after which the product is firmly pressed to the base. In some situations, in order to achieve a higher level of adhesion, the products are additionally screwed with self-tapping screws.


After mounting each element, it is necessary to check their plane, and, if necessary, make appropriate adjustments. Thus, the ideal level of the plane is reached, for the future application of the mixture. In addition to vertically installed products, there are cases when craftsmen can make decisions about the need to install horizontal beacons. Basically, this happens when machine plastering is planned.

Applying plaster

An important issue remains how to plaster the walls correctly. Actually there are three main types of plastering the rough surface:

  • simple - applying two layers. It is used in non-residential structures, which subsequently do not require additional processing (attics, basements, technical rooms).
  • improved - designed for living rooms, involves the application of three layers, according to classical technology. The final result allows you to carry out finishing work on decorating with finishing materials.
  • high quality - carried out under a predetermined finish. It involves the use of expensive materials that will be applied to the markers.


Alignment is carried out by throwing a solution between the beacons, using a trowel. The mixture is collected on its sharp end or edge, after which it is brought to the wall, and by a sharp wave it is placed on the wall.

As mentioned earlier, the application of plaster occurs in several layers. The base one is called a splash. To do this, apply the mixture in a liquid state, which spreads over the entire surface in a continuous layer. Its thickness does not exceed 5 mm. After the base has dried, it is covered with a second layer, which is considered to be a primer. Its consistency is thicker, and makes up the bulk of the entire thickness of the leveling.


After waiting for it to dry completely, you can start applying the coating. With its help, the maximum level of evenness is achieved. The thickness of the coating reaches a maximum of 2 mm, while cases are not excluded that in some places its application is not necessary.

In situations where markers have not been installed, the solution is named. For this, a falcon is needed, on which plaster is applied in batches. Then it at an angle, at a short distance, fills the entire space with a uniform layer.

Removing beacons

The need to eliminate lighthouses is mainly determined by prejudices about the formation of corrosive processes on the metal, and the manifestation of rust. In addition, some believe that not timely removal can lead to the formation of cracks. All these conjectures are unfounded. If it is possible to eliminate this element, it can be eliminated, but if this is not possible, then it can remain, since modern products are made from stainless steel, which is characterized by resistance to mechanical damage and moisture.


However, despite this, full confidence that finishing no deformations or spots will appear, no one gives, since the influence of various factors is not excluded:

  • product quality. For repairs, it is advisable to purchase only certified products, the documents of which indicate what raw materials it is made of.
  • the formation of rust on galvanized beacons is not excluded, since they have a thin protective layer that can be easily damaged during the rule or during the grouting process.
  • increased levels of humidity.

Regarding the formation of cracks, experts are not inclined to believe that lighthouses are involved in their appearance. They can appear, both in the process of their elimination, and if, during the installation of wall furniture, the master fixes it at its location


If, however, the products were nevertheless withdrawn, the resulting space must be sealed with a gypsum mixture, it has a shorter solidification time. After that, you can proceed to the process of grouting seams and irregularities.

Complete drying time

The refurbishment team determined a rough relationship between drying time and layer thickness. On average, 1 mm layer takes 1 day to dry. If ideal conditions for drying are created in a room or building, then this proportion changes - 2: 1.

The selected material plays a significant role in the drying process. Often it is a cement-sand mixture diluted with water. It reaches ideal strength and drying after 28-30 days.

To this process occurred as soon as possible, the following indicators must be observed:

  • humidity level - does not exceed 70%;
  • internal temperature - up to +20;
  • lack of drafts;
  • exclusion of ultraviolet radiation;
  • frequent ventilation to eliminate excess moisture.

Carrying out trowel work

Grouting the wall after plastering is the finishing step. After its implementation, all the shortcomings are eliminated, and a perfectly smooth base is formed. The process can be carried out both after drying and when applying plaster.

This stage requires the accuracy and experience of the master, since it is no longer possible to rely on any marks, guides. All work must be carried out with properly selected lighting, because the result can only be assessed visually. The best grout lends itself to gypsum, due to the viscosity of the components. With cement, the situation is a little more complicated, as it can crumble. To neutralize this effect, they resort to the addition of special substances - plasticizers..


Special attention deserves the tools that carry out grouting. Best Option considered to be a metal grater. For substances that have not yet hardened, it is worth giving preference to products based on polyurethane. They are strong enough and can be used several times without damaging the plaster itself.

Before grinding, it is advisable to moisten the grater, after which you can perform horizontal and vertical movements aimed at eliminating and smoothing small particles, by distributing them evenly over the entire area. At the end of all processes, you can finally walk with a primer, which will serve as an excellent binder and form a protective film.

Particular attention should be paid to the corners. To avoid defects in the end, it is worth initially acquiring special corners. Failure to follow this advice can lead to the formation of defects that will be visible in further processing, especially painting.

Decorative grout

In addition to the smooth effect that is necessary for pasting wallpaper, painting, there are options with decorative plasters having a characteristic pattern. In this case, it will not be possible to use a standard grater, since it can completely remove the formed structure and texture.

However, there is a way out of this situation, and it consists in the use of special devices, which include sandpaper, or a trowel mesh. These options are an alternative to professional tools designed to hold interchangeable abrasive segments.


All work is carried out after complete solidification, thus minimizing the risk of damage to the pattern. Then, with a brush or brush, dust is removed from the recesses and grooves, and the entire area is treated with a primer.