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Industrial ventilation. Ventilation of industrial premises Industrial exhaust systems

Ventilation of industrial premises is one of the main components, which is included in the set of measures to create favorable conditions for the indoor air environment for humans. The ventilation system must not only meet all sanitary standards, but also fully comply with the construction requirements of the building. It must also support the meteorological parameters of different rooms - this must be taken into account when installing industrial ventilation. Proper ventilation- the main conditions for creating a comfortable atmosphere in the room.

The requirements that apply to different ventilation systems are also different. For example, in a country house and in a city apartment they will be completely different. In an apartment, the main factor is high-quality outdoor air purification, while for country house More important is the noise level. Therefore, cottage owners choose ventilation systems that produce as little noise as possible during operation. Air outside the city is much cleaner than city air, so the quality of filters in the city is more stringent. Therefore, it is better to deal with the design of the ventilation system at the construction stage.

Each ventilation system must take into account the inflow of air from the street and its exhaust back. For his balance in the house, they must be carried out synchronously.

Classification of ventilation systems

To date, many are known various types ventilation systems. This diversity is explained by differences in the purpose of the premises, the nature and type of the technological process. Based on this, a classification of ventilation systems was developed according to:

  • the way air is moved - artificial and natural;
  • purpose - exhaust and supply;
  • design - channel and channelless;
  • service area - local and general exchange.

Natural ventilation of industrial facilities

Natural ventilation in the room is the most common. It does not require any additional equipment or power supply. With this type of ventilation, the movement of air occurs due to differences in temperature and pressure.

In buildings where a large amount of excess heat can be observed, the air will be warmer than that which is outside. Cold air will be driven out of the room warm air, thereby creating its circulation.

Industrial ventilation systems, based on natural ventilation, function due to different air pressure. At the same time, it should be noted that this difference should not be less than 3 m, the length of the air ducts should not exceed 3 m, and the speed of the air in them should not exceed 1 m/s.

The design of such ventilation is not complicated and does not require the use of additional equipment and electricity. Its effectiveness depends on factors such as temperature and air velocity. In some cases, natural ventilation does not make it possible to solve the problems of effective ventilation, therefore, additional equipment and installation of ventilation of industrial premises is required.

Mechanical ventilation of industrial facilities

Mechanical ventilation in the system requires equipment to move air. Such equipment includes electric motors, fans, air heaters, etc. With its help, ventilation systems provide air supply and removal. If necessary, they can heat the air, humidify and purify it. This distinguishes them from natural ventilation systems. To create comfortable conditions, the ventilation of industrial premises can simultaneously combine both natural and mechanical types of ventilation. It depends on the choice which, in the end, the installation of ventilation of industrial premises will be carried out.

In the case when installation and installation of ventilation is required at the facility, its design, installation depends on the facility, its location and purpose.

Supply ventilation of industrial facilities

This ventilation is used to supply fresh air from the street and return instead of air from the room. In this case, the supply air can be further processed, for example, humidified or heated.

Exhaust ventilation of industrial facilities

This type of ventilation system is used to remove polluted air from industrial premises. They are used where air must not flow from one room to another. For example, in bathrooms, laboratories, catering establishments, warehouses.

As a rule, it is combined with a supply system, because without it exhaust ventilation industrial facility will not be efficient. Although, such ventilation can be installed independently. Two systems can be installed both on all premises and on its separate sections.

In the case when the amount of exhaust air is greater than the supply air, there is a high probability of occurrence of such negative phenomena as drafts. The exhaust ventilation system of the room removes polluted, warm air from certain places, in certain quantities - all this is taken into account when ventilation is installed industrial facilities. If necessary, this air can be further purified from impurities that should not be released into the environment.

Local ventilation of industrial premises

Such ventilation is designed to provide air to the room through flow ventilation. The exhaust air is then removed by local exhaust ventilation. Usually this type is used in production shops. In residential premises, it can be used when part of it is used as a workplace, where there is significant air heating or the emission of harmful substances.

Local supply ventilation for industrial production

Such ventilation is suitable for open production with the release of harmful substances, if it is not possible to install a local exhaust system.

When is the installation of local exhaust ventilation used in industrial premises?

It is used in rooms where harmful substances are localized and their further spread is preventable. It can also be used in residential areas. In rooms where harmful emissions are present, the local exhaust ventilation system is very important, because it guarantees the removal of harmful substances (gases, smoke, dust) that will emit thermal appliances. To remove them, local suctions are used in the systems.

With this type of ventilation, the air that is removed from the workshop must be cleaned before it enters the atmosphere. The degree of purification required depends on the complexity of the device and its design. For optimal cleaning As a rule, several filters (two or three) are installed during installation.

This type of ventilation system can be called the most effective, since the removal of harmful substances occurs immediately when they are released, preventing their spread in the room.

However, local exhaust ventilation cannot fully solve all the tasks that are assigned to it. It is not able to localize substances released during production if they are distributed over a large area. A similar situation occurs when activities are carried out over the entire area or work with these substances is directly related to their movement. Here, general exchange ventilation systems will be more effective. They are able to remove polluted air evenly throughout the room.

General exchange supply ventilation of industrial facilities

Such ventilation is used to assimilate excess moisture and heat, diluting vapors that have not been removed by other types of ventilation. If there is a lack of heat, then the general exchange supply ventilation combined with supply air heating or its mechanical stimulation. During its operation, the supply air in in full compensates for the harmful substances removed from the premises.

General exchange exhaust ventilation in workshops and industrial buildings

Such a ventilation system is an installation that evenly removes air from the room and performs general air exchange. It is suitable for installation in apartments and offices, cottages and country houses. In workshops and industrial buildings with harmful emissions, more complex installations of such a ventilation system are used. In this case, the laying of air ducts is carried out on the floor or in the form of underground channels. If there is a need for general exchange exhaust ventilation, then its design is carried out taking into account all the characteristics of this room.

There are cases when the installation may contain an extended exhaust duct. With a length of such an air duct of more than 30-40 meters, a centrifugal-type fan is installed instead of an axial one.

In the case when various harmful substances, such as dust, moisture, etc., are dispersed in the room, it is not possible to get by with just one ventilation system. Here, general-exchange exhaust ventilation, which remove harmful substances from the air, have proven themselves well in the installation of ventilation of industrial premises.

Ducted and non-ducted ventilation

The ductless ventilation system does not contain air ducts. In it, air exchange is carried out through vents, windows, etc.

It is quite simple and therefore cheap, but ineffective in comparison with the channel system. In a duct system, there must be special channels where air moves to certain places. Both systems are used in apartments, cottages, industrial facilities.

All industrial premises differ in the type of activity, technological processes and other factors that affect the release of harmful substances. Due to stay a large number for the sake of their safety, all sanitary and microclimatic conditions must be observed for employees: the exclusion of an increased concentration of harmful substances, the optimal level of temperature, humidity, permissible values ​​of noise, vibration. During non-working hours, deviations of the parameters of the requirements are possible upon agreement at the stage of the technical task.

To create all the above conditions, as well as to create effective air exchange at the design stage, it is necessary to plan a competent ventilation system for an industrial building. The definition of a rational type of system depends on some points:

  • Type of ventilation - forced, natural or mixed;
  • Classification - general exchange or local;
  • Supply, exhaust or supply and exhaust system;
  • Type-setting or monoblock.

The natural system is a more economical option based on the principle of cold air being replaced by warmer air. In other words, the flow of air occurs due to ventilation. For large areas, as well as in winter, this method is unacceptable.

Forced ventilation - optimal effective solution requiring equipment and electricity costs.

To organize air exchange at a large industrial enterprise, a general exchange system is designed. If, on the contrary, the localization of polluted air flows is necessary over certain areas technological processes, rationally apply local exhaust units. Together, the system provides an influx of fresh air, and also prevents the spread of polluted air masses throughout the territory.

An equally important task in the design and installation of a ventilation system for industrial premises is considered to be the provision of people on the territory of the facility with a thermal and functional state that creates a comfortable feeling and increases labor productivity. In addition, on the premises industrial type warehouses are provided, where it is also required to provide the necessary conditions for storing goods or products of various types.

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Norms and requirements

The technological process involves the use, emission and accumulation of substances harmful to health in the air. The advantages of a forced ventilation system are:

  • Supply of fresh air to replace exhausted air masses. The air can also be subjected to additional processing - heating, dehumidification, humidification;
  • Movement of air currents over long distances;
  • Supply of purified air directly to workplaces;
  • Independence from weather conditions or other factors;
  • Possibility of automatic control.

There are a number of mandatory standards that the ventilation system of industrial premises must comply with, these include the optimal microclimate parameters used in the workplace:

* - Normalized temperature parameters, air speed are not used during non-working hours, as well as in the absence of technological processes. Forced industrial ventilation using ventilation equipment is considered the most effective method to create an effective air exchange in case the acceptable microclimate standards or air speed cannot be provided natural ventilation in rooms without natural ventilation. Powerful ventilation units able to cover a large area, providing an intense air flow. Such a system does not depend on the outside temperature and has additional features (filtration, recuperation, humidification, dehumidification).

Design rules

The specifics of industrial ventilation is based on the calculation of the required air exchange, selection necessary equipment and the number of people in the premises.

Important: Equipment should be selected only with certification and confirmation of fire safety, giving maximum performance at minimal cost electricity.

At the stage design work drawn up technical task, including:

  • Layouts and architectural features of the object;
  • General drawing, sections of the building;
  • Estimated number of people;
  • Types of production or industry processes.

The terms of reference is a substantiation of the working project, at the stage of which the calculation of air exchange is performed, the locations of air ducts (number, length, sections) and equipment are determined, and the specification is filled out. After the project is approved, the installation team can go to the site.

automation and control

Modern systems automation is designed to maintain the operation of all devices and mechanisms, as well as to alert in case of emergencies. The equipment allows you to control the system remotely. The responsible operator can independently adjust the modes or make adjustments.

Besides, automatic control ventilation is carried out on the basis of individual monitoring of each part of the mechanisms, as well as the system as a whole.

Other benefits of automation are highlighted:

  • research, information, adjustment of various indicators;
  • protection of the heater from drops, low temperatures;
  • maintenance of the set parameters;
  • the ability to work in the mode of ventilation, humidification, dehumidification of the room;
  • indication of the level of contamination of filters or notification of the need for service;
  • blocking the operation of the system in the event of a fire or other emergencies.

To the list automatic devices includes:

  • temperature controllers;
  • fan speed control device;
  • sensors, controllers;
  • electric shut-off and control valve.

Avik specialists, regardless of the specifics of your company's activities, will help not only to calculate the ventilation system, but also to select equipment based on your budget. In the process of work, all the requirements of SNiP, GOST are taken into account.

Industrial ventilation is installed in manufacturing plants, trade and warehouses, sports and concert halls and other large buildings. It ensures the maintenance of optimal climatic conditions for people, removes harmful chemical and explosive compounds and industrial dust from the premises. It can be general or local, exhaust, supply or supply / exhaust. When developing the project, the purpose of the facilities, the composition of the air mixture, the volume of the premises and the requirements of regulations and industry regulations for air quality are taken into account.

Design and installation works are carried out taking into account the requirements of SNiP 3.01.01-85 and SNiP 3.05.01-85, only licensed companies with a full staff of highly qualified employees of various specialties are allowed to perform. The installation of an industrial ventilation system consists of several separate stages, each of which performs certain actions and controls the quality.

General installation scheme

Ventilation installation diagram for round section

Ventilation installation diagram for a rectangular section

The work is carried out on the basis of the PPR, the document provides details on the nomenclature and number of elements and special units, technical conditions for the installation, circuit diagrams engineering solutions main nodes. Industrial ventilation systems must be installed during the construction works to exclude alteration of architectural elements and structures. At large facilities, installation is carried out by the zone method as soon as the scope of work is ready. In this case, the following rules must be observed:

  1. To provide heat for buildings under construction, supply chambers should be installed as a matter of priority. This will make it possible to maintain the temperature in the premises at favorable values ​​and guarantee the continuation of work in winter period time.
  2. Passages and fastening of air ducts through the roof are carried out before its final coating roofing materials. The final coating of the roof is done only after the complete completion of the installation of ventilation systems and quality control. Further modification of the air duct layout is strictly prohibited.
  3. Air ducts passing through bearing walls or jumpers, it is recommended to do before their construction. This eliminates the need for subsequent chiselling of the walls to pass pipes. If several subcontractors work at the facility, then an agreement between them on the work plan is required. Based on the agreements, a general schedule is drawn up, the document is signed by all parties.

Checking the tightness of the connections is carried out before the completion of construction work to seal the holes. Due to this sequence, work to eliminate the identified problem areas is much easier. After verification, an act is drawn up for hidden work. Installation of embedded parts is carried out simultaneously with the installation of design building structures, it is forbidden to violate the installation technology. If during the installation of industrial ventilation, technical errors, then it is recommended to call the designers and coordinate further actions with them.

Installation of air ducts

Mounted in the manner provided in the standard technological maps. A specific method takes into account the horizontal or vertical position, spatial placement relative to architectural structures: external or internal, between floor trusses, near columns or walls. This takes into account the total usable area and number of storeys of the building.

Installation of vertical ventilation

Installation of horizontal ventilation

For shaped parts of the ventilation system with complex geometry, flexible air ducts are used, made of non-woven polymer materials or aluminum foil. The use of flexible ducts in straight sections is prohibited, their installation causes a noticeable loss in air flow velocity. As a result, an increase in the cost of maintaining the calculated indicators of the frequency of air exchange in the premises, maintenance of the ventilation system is more expensive than the stipulated standards, and the cost of production increases. In order to increase the throughput of flexible sections during installation, a minimum compression ratio is provided.

Shaped parts for circular ventilation

Fittings for rectangular ventilation

Technological stages of work production

Industrial installation of air ducts is carried out in large blocks in the following sequence:

  1. Marking specific places for fixing air ducts, taking into account their diameter and weight. At the same time, a set of measures is taken to reduce the number of bends, ventilation systems should be as straightforward as possible.
  2. Installation of fastening devices, taking into account the dimensions of the pipes and the material of manufacture of the bearing surfaces. If necessary, the places of fixation of lifting mechanisms for moving heavy structural units are agreed with the builders.
  3. Delivery of parts, fixtures and assemblies to the place of installation. Their completeness and safety are rechecked. Upon detection mechanical damage Defects are corrected prior to installation.
  4. Assembly of individual elements into enlarged blocks. Using the block method for industrial ventilation allows you to reduce time and improve the quality of work.
  5. Installation of blocks in the places provided for by the design documentation, checking the quality of fixation.

Video: Installation of ventilation systems
The linear parameters of the blocks depend on the cross-sectional parameters of the air ducts and the selected type of their connection, the specific conditions for the installation of air ducts and technical specifications lifting equipment used. The entire installation process is carried out by operational quality control, taking into account the provisions of the map developed by the designers. If possible, industrial ventilation is equipped with a minimum number of bends and bends.
Fan mounting

The calculation of fans for industrial ventilation is carried out on the basis of the customer's specifications and taking into account current standards and regulations. Mounting methods and the procedure for performing preparatory operations depend on the type of fan (roof, axial, fan), mounting location and dimensions. Installation of an air duct with a fan is carried out in the following sequence:

  1. Checking the readiness of premises for ventilation chambers, delivery of units and its constituent parts to the installation site. Assembling the unit and checking its performance.
  2. Lifting the fan to the place of installation, fastening it to the supporting structures, re-checking the performance. Installation of air ducts to the inlet and outlet technological openings of the fan.

roof fan

Axial fan

Quality assurance activities

The efficiency of industrial ventilation is ensured by quality control at each stage of work in accordance with the requirements of SNiPa 30101-85 and industry standards of the KS UK SMR. The list of activities includes the following steps:

  1. Control of working documentation for the ventilation system. Compliance is checked technical indicators systems to the production task, the features of operation and the characteristics of the building.
  2. Checking the condition of equipment, pipelines for air ducts, control and management units. The actual characteristics are compared with those indicated in the technical passport.
  3. Control of the stages of assembly and installation. The assembly and installation of ventilation systems must comply with design documents and the requirements of building regulations.

Operational control of the installation of industrial ventilation is carried out as each stage of work is completed, ensures timely detection of deviations from the recommended technology and their immediate elimination. The results are recorded in a special journal and certified by the signatures of the responsible persons. Operational control is carried out constantly at all stages of work.

Acceptance control of the ventilation system provides for checking the compliance of the work performed with the working design and the WEP. The system is started and operation in various modes is checked. Wherein special devices indicators of the air velocity in various areas, the functionality of the installed equipment and units are taken.
How plastic air ducts are made at Plast|Product

Russian manufacturers of ventilation systems - 100 factories. Large brands and new brands of ventilation equipment, air equipment, air conditioning systems. Catalog 2020: official websites, addresses, contacts of manufacturers-suppliers. Prices are cheaper than imports. Become a dealer, order a price list!

The rapid pace of development of output ready-made solutions for air ventilation today - the result of increased consumption of products for housing and office construction, manufacturing enterprises. In the last 10 years, this segment of the industry has been developing - its share in the total market volume has increased from 5 to 8%.

Russian factories, using the current economic situation, seek to integrate into the market by establishing their own production capacities. The growth in the value of the dollar and the euro, which caused a rise in the cost of imported ventilation and air conditioning equipment by 40% - 45%, played into the hands of Russian manufacturers, whose products, made from Russian raw materials and components, remained in the same price category. Western brands are losing competitive advantages both in Russia and abroad. Leaders Russian market:

GC "Special Systems and Technologies" is a major player in the industry in terms of quality and related services, 40% of the Russian market for air conditioning systems. Having created a sales network in Russia and neighboring countries, they export products to 42 countries of the world, including Europe and America. A separate range of solutions was developed for the Chinese subway. Today, the Group of Companies is considering schemes for entering the Chinese market, which is fundamentally different from the markets of Russia and Europe.

NPO "Teplomash", which exports products that are superior in design and technical parameters to products of local manufacturers, to Canada, the USA, European countries, the CIS.

In the catalog of the online exhibition, you can directly contact Russian manufacturers of ventilation and air conditioning systems, become a product dealer or buy ventilation products in bulk at an affordable price. The factories offer the production of ventilation systems, custom-made household air equipment and export deliveries with the appropriate certificates.

Modern ventilation systems and accessories for them - this is our profile, and we can offer our customers almost the entire line of moving and moving devices and mechanisms produced in the world today (ventilo in Latin - winnow, wave). They are reliable, convenient and beautiful, allowing you to fit the fans bought from us into the style of any room.

You only need to know which fan required in terms of the tasks that it will solve and the volume of the room where it is planned to be used. And then choose the equipment that suits you best from an extensive list of items.

For simple mixing of air within the same room, so that it does not stagnate, creating the effect of a breath of wind, we have a variety of bladed and bladeless fans desktop, floor, wall and ceiling mount. All of them have an attractive design, powerful engines that operate as quietly as possible, several speeds of operation and are very inexpensive.

However, real ventilation with ventilation, that is, the injection of fresh air into the room and the removal of contaminated air by such devices is not carried out. For this we need exactly ventilation systems different power. We have them in all three types of their purpose: supply, exhaust, general exchange with a full cycle of all operations: extracting old air, ejecting it and forcing fresh air.

We offer turnkey ventilation systems

We will tell and show you which ventilation systems can offer you "Vent-style" in terms of their functional features.

Forced ventilation designed to provide fresh air into the room. Previously, natural ventilation was mainly used - due to the difference in air temperatures inside and outside, air exchange occurred. But such a ventilation system is too dependent on climatic conditions, and artificial ventilation carried out with the help of a fan, heater, air ducts will always work.

Exhaust ventilation removes stale air from the room, allowing clean air to naturally penetrate into it. It is advisable to install exhaust ventilation in kitchens, hallways, bathrooms, that is, not in residential premises, but in domestic premises. When designing industrial premises exhaust ventilation can be equipped with the design of industrial premises, then exhaust ventilation can be equipped with an additional filtration filtration system.

General ventilation today it is used most often, because it provides for the intake of air, its removal and the influx of fresh air masses.

General exchange ventilation it is completed, as a rule, with a set of filters that do not allow polluting the atmosphere and clean the air supplied to the premises from dust particles, as well as devices for its additional heating or cooling.

Here you can choose any ventilation system"turnkey" with its complete set of any elements: filters and air ducts for round and rectangular ducts, transformer and seven-story speed controllers, valves, additional silencers.

We will help you pick up and deliver to your destination any fans and ventilation systems in a set for residential, public and industrial premises, including volumetric exhaust units installed on the roofs of buildings.

In addition, we have a wide range of high-temperature fans that cool electronic devices, installations and equipment used in a wide range of applications - from home computers to factory assembly shops. There are also special channel high-temperature fans for removal of air from fireplaces and other constructions.

Please note that all motors of our fans for domestic and industrial purposes are mounted in soundproof housings and equipped with overheating protection with automatic restart function.
You can be sure that what we offer ventilation systems have certificates of conformity to the quality established by state standards and warranty periods operation.