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How to make a heating boiler. Solid fuel boiler: principles of design, selection, manufacture and installation. Do-it-yourself solid fuel boiler for ultra-long burning

Everyone thought about how you can save on heating your home. the best way heating is a boiler, because you can cook it yourself. This article is intended for those who do not know how to weld a heating boiler with their own hands and like to make devices on their own that increase the level of comfort in own house.

How to choose the right manufacturing method

Before contacting specialists or searching the Internet for manufacturing methods, you need to decide on its purpose. After all, the type of its design will depend on its role. First you need to understand that all do-it-yourself boilers are based on a single principle: the device heats the coolant, and the heat exchanger receives heat from the burning fuel.

In order to achieve maximum heating efficiency, it is necessary to take into account the design and combustion of the fuel. Based on simple physical laws, it can be concluded that a large indicator of heat transferred per unit of time directly depends on the size of the heat carrier tank and the area of ​​the transfer tube. Given the completeness of fuel combustion, it is necessary to allow the maximum flow of oxygen to the fuel in order to prevent the outflow of pyrolysis gas, which transfers a lot of heat.

Boiler design

Construction and appearance boiler will depend on several technical parameters:

  • Before proceeding with the assembly of the heating element, it is necessary to make sure that the material is available. In the best case, you should choose a stainless, heat-resistant type of metal, but an ordinary iron sheet can also come off (in practice, it is very easy to find cheap material).
  • The next important factor in the creation will be the choice of the possibility of processing steel. Not everyone has iron smelting equipment in their garage, which usually costs more than a boiler, so the processing style is only limited by your imagination. traditional method manufacturing is cutting with a grinder, electric welding or a gas cutter of a steel sheet.
  • The type of fuel that you are going to use for heating also affects the design of the stove.
  • You also need to calculate The right way circulation of the heat carrier, namely, to maximize the diameter of the circuits and nozzles and increase the height of the water tank. The large diameter size allows to reduce water resistance and obtain a high transfer rate of the coolant without the use of special pumps.

The assembly of a homemade boiler will be slightly different from the factory one for one simple reason: if the electricity stops being supplied to the heated water tank, you should expect problems with the water supply. These factors can lead to the destruction of a homemade heater due to vapor pressure. Therefore, it should be assembled by hand with a smaller pipe diameter and water tank height.

A variety of homemade heating boilers and how to install them

When making a homemade boiler with your own hands, you should choose its type depending on the materials and method of heating. Next, you will learn about wood, electric, pyrolysis and oil types of boilers.

wood boilers

If we consider a simple version of the manufacture of the boiler, then it looks like two cylinders of different diameters, placed one inside the other. The outer water cylinder is for storing water, and the inner one is for the stove. solid fuel. Since the space between the pipes is clogged with water, you can choose any diameter for the pipes, but it is advisable to make it larger to reduce welding. The main disadvantage of a wood-burning boiler is its low efficiency, but the ease of its manufacture and further use makes it one of the most popular home-made heating products.

To assemble the boiler, you will need the following tools: gloves on your hands, overalls and a mask for welding, a drill with metal drills, electrodes and welding machine, as well as measuring instruments (tape measure, level, etc.). Of the materials, we need sheets 5 millimeters thick, throttle valves, boiler doors, a cast-iron grate and corners.

Rice. one

The process of building a wood-burning heating boiler step by step:

  • Take two barrels of different diameters with a width of no more than 4 millimeters.
  • Cut holes for the ash pan and water container in both barrels with a grinder.
  • Install the cylinders into each other and weld the cover over them.
  • Weld the firebox and ash pan together and close the door.
  • Weld pipes to the barrels for water circulation and connection to the generator.
  • Attach the pan inside the oven.
  • Make a hole for the chimney in the barrel and install the pipe.
  • At the end of the work, check it for tightness (check for leaks).
  • Mount and connect to the network.

Rice. 2

Pyrolysis heating boilers

In order to save on materials and energy spent on the operation of the boiler, this type of unit should be used. The principle of operation of the boiler is a mixture of air and pyrolysis gas, which ignites and gives more heat. The cost of materials for the manufacture of a pyrolysis boiler is an order of magnitude higher than that of a wood-burning boiler, but after a couple of heating seasons, the device pays off.

The design of the pyrolysis water unit will consist of several sectors: power supply regulators, a hole, smoke channels, fan, combustion chamber and pipes. In its manufacture, it is necessary to adhere to an exact drawing due to the complexity in assembling the structure. High heating capacity and efficiency allow you to reduce energy consumption and set the power to 25-30 kW, unlike other boilers (40-50 kW).


Rice. 3

To assemble it, we need an electric drill, a temperature sensor, a 230 mm cutting wheel, a grinder, electrodes and a welding machine, as well as 2 mm thick steel strips and a fan.

Building:

  • Cut the fuel hole slightly higher than the combustion tank.
  • Install a restrictor that controls the air supply.
  • Cut a special hole in the boiler for the limiter.
  • Weld a limiter from a pipe 65-70 mm thick.
  • Make a rectangular opening for loading and securely close it with a steel plate.
  • Cut a hole to remove the ash.
  • It is desirable to make a branch pipe with a bend in order to increase the amount of heat generated.
  • Install a valve outside the structure to adjust the amount of coolant.
  • Carry out a leak test and install.

Rice. 4

Waste oil heating boilers

A rather unusual design of the boiler, which involves the use of oil as a fuel for heating. During operation, the heater evaporates oil, which, in turn, drips into the sump and turns into combustible gas. This gas acts as a heat exchanger. This type of boiler is versatile and easy to use, as well as economical: ordinary diesel fuel can be used as fuel.

Since the combustion process in such a unit occurs twice, two combustion chambers should be installed. Waste oil burns in the first chamber, and then passes into the second chamber as a combustible gas, and, mixing with oxygen, produces a combustion process, which generates heat. In connection with the work at high temperatures, it is not recommended to install it near windows and in drafts, however, it is very safe to use.


Rice. 5
  • The first chamber is made to supply air, so we make it so that it is regulated: we install a damper that opens and closes if possible;
  • The second chamber, intended for the processed oil for combustion, should be collapsible in order to clean it, if possible, of ash and rust;
  • Weld a strictly vertical chimney (without any slopes) at least four meters long;
  • Cut off the lower and upper parts of the cylinder and make a collapsible chamber for combustible oil from the remaining halves;
  • Weld the legs to the bottom of the cylinder and cut a hole for the pipe from below;
  • We make several holes for ventilation in the pipe and weld it to the newly made tank;
  • We weld this cylinder to the pipes and connect them to the pipes;
  • Install.
Rice. 6

Electric heating boiler

Another common type of boilers is electric. Its popularity among craftsmen is due to its cost-effectiveness and ease of assembly. It is mounted in a pipe going vertically upwards, and the heating element is connected inside it. From the return pipeline there is a branch pipe from the return pipeline, to which the supply is connected from above. On this design of the electric boiler could be limited.


Rice. 7

However, for its proper operation, it is necessary to take into account some nuances, namely the type of fuel. After all electric heating do-it-yourself is one of the most expensive these days, so installing an electric boiler entails impressive material costs.


Rice. eight

When assembling the boiler body, it must be assembled with double walls, between which heat-insulating material (usually sand) flows. A partition is welded between the ash and furnace bunkers, and on inner walls- ribs that connect the outer and inner walls. On the front side case, it is desirable to install windows, cutting out gaps with a grinder. Also, do not forget about the installation of doors for cleaning the tank and a chimney that goes straight up.

I hope these recommendations helped you understand the types and purpose of boilers, and also answered the question of how to weld a boiler for heating. For making your own hands, you need to spend money, but after a couple of heating seasons, you will start saving decently!

The heating system of a private house is a complex piping scheme, the heart of which is a heating boiler. The coolant is heated in it, which, under the influence of the laws of physics or with the help of circulation pump it moves through the pipes, enters the radiators, where it gives off its heat, and cools down and returns to the boiler again. And this process is repeated ad infinitum.

The modern market of boiler and heating equipment offers today a huge range of heating appliances. Unfortunately, the price of many models is not affordable for everyone. Therefore, some consumers are faced with the question of whether it is possible to make a heating boiler with their own hands, will this home-made device work as efficiently as factory counterparts? You can make a boiler if you are a good welder and it will work no worse.

Types of heating boilers

First of all, you need to decide which boiler is needed for your home. This will depend on the fuel that will be used for kindling. Hence the classification:

  • gas;
  • electrical;
  • solid fuel;
  • liquid fuel.

Electrical

Any of these boilers can be made by hand. The simplest of them is electric. In fact, this is a tank in which the heating element is mounted. From the tank there are still two branch pipes connected to the supply and return circuits. There is no chimney, no combustion chamber, everything is simple.


Electric boilers are good for everyone, but they have two drawbacks. First, electricity is the most expensive fuel. Second: when the voltage drops in the network (and this happens with enviable constancy), the boiler stops working correctly. Its power decreases, the coolant temperature drops.

Gas

The rest of the designs are more complex. And they are almost identical to each other with some differences. Concerning gas boiler, then you will need permission from the gas service to install it.


Representatives of this organization may not accept such a heating unit for installation. First of all, they will require it to be pressure tested in their laboratory.

The presence of an act is a guarantee that permission will still be given to you.

The operation of this option is associated with great difficulties. First, you will have to build a separate warehouse near the house where the fuel will be stored. Everything in it must comply with fire safety requirements.


Secondly, a pipeline will have to be pulled from the warehouse to the boiler room. It must be insulated. Thirdly, a special burner is installed in this type of boiler, which must be adjusted. This is not so easy to do in terms of setup.

Solid fuel

It is this type of boilers that today is most often made by home craftsmen with their own hands. For small dachas and cottages best option. Moreover, firewood is by far the cheapest type of fuel.


We will talk about how to make a solid fuel boiler for heating a house below.

What will be needed?

As mentioned above, in order to weld a heating unit, you must be a good welder. Work at the level of an amateur is not suitable here.

Instruments

What is required for this work. Of the tools you will need:


  • electric welding machine;
  • gas cutter;
  • Bulgarian;
  • a hammer;
  • roulette;
  • marker or chalk.

materials

From materials:


  • seamless pipe with a diameter of 425 mm;
  • pipe with a diameter of 100 mm;
  • pipe with a diameter of 25 mm;
  • metal sheet 4 mm thick;
  • two drives with a diameter of 25 mm;
  • small loops;
  • corner 25 mm;
  • fittings with a diameter of 8 mm.

Project

Many beginners look for boiler drawings on the Internet or in specialized technical literature and are already working on them. Basically, this is the right way.

Most importantly, find drawings that show dimensions heater.

Case manufacturing

So, first of all, the details of the future unit are prepared. The body of the heater will be made from a 425 mm pipe. For a small heating boiler, a height of 1.0-1.2 m, taking into account the small diameter, is the best option.


We cut the pipe to these dimensions using a gas cutter. We process the edges with a grinder.

Now it is necessary to cut two holes in the body: for the firebox and for the blower. They must be rectangular. For a firebox, a size of 20x10 cm is suitable, for a blower 20x3 cm. They are located one above the other, the furnace hole is higher.


The distance from the edge of the pipe to the blower is within 5-7 cm. The distance between the holes is 5 cm. The edges of the hole are processed with a grinder. The cut out piece of the pipe wall for the firebox will be used as a door. Its edges are also cleaned.

Using a cutter, two more holes are cut for the supply and return pipes with a diameter of 25 mm. The holes are opposite each other. At the same time, the return hole is cut out on the side of the boiler above the furnace: from the furnace hole at a distance of 15 cm.


At a distance of 5 cm, only from the upper edge of the housing, a hole is cut for supplying the coolant. Immediately, two drives can be welded to these holes.

Three pancakes are cut out of a metal sheet: two with a diameter of 425 mm, one with a diameter of 412 mm. The latter will be installed inside the body, and since the wall thickness of the pipe is 6 mm, 12 mm falls on the diameter, plus 1 mm for free entry.


In one of the pancakes with a diameter of 425 mm and in a circle of 412 mm, a hole with a diameter of slightly more than 100 mm is cut in the center. A chimney is being prepared from a 100 mm pipe. For this, a segment of 120-130 mm is cut. Pieces 50 mm long are cut from a 25 mm pipe for the legs of the boiler. A grate for an ash pan is made from the reinforcement, the size of the inner diameter of the body is taken as a basis.

Assembling the heating unit

First of all, a chimney is welded to a 412 mm pancake. Then, inside the body at a height of 30-35 cm from the furnace hole, temporary stops must be welded. It can be wire or fittings. A pancake with a chimney falls on top of them.

Main joints

And now the most important point- it is necessary to weld the pancake and the boiler body together. It is necessary to boil the seam on both sides and it must be done with high quality. This joint is the junction of the firebox and the water tank.


The next step concerns the combustion chamber. On the reverse side of the chimney, a finished reinforcement grate is inserted into the body.


Then, from a corner of 25 mm, several pieces are cut out by a grinder, which are welded inside the boiler between the furnace hole and the blower. These will be the stops on which the grate will lie.

Lower body

And the last. It is necessary to weld a 425 mm pancake to the lower edge of the body, weld four legs from a 25 mm pipe 5 cm high to it. Next, hinges are welded on which the firebox door is hung.

Blower valve design

The design can be different: in the form of a conventional door, in the form of a gate (this is a damper that moves in the plane of the hole), in the form of a rotary damper with holes in the body. for sale finished goods which are simply welded in place.


You can weld a one-piece structure with your own hands and attach it to the boiler. Of all the proposed options, the simplest is either a door or a gate.

Testing and connection to the system

Solid fuel boiler for home heating is ready. Now you need to check it. To do this, a plug is screwed onto one of the drives, and water is poured into the second. If water does not pass through the welds, then the welding was carried out at a high level.


You should not be afraid that the heating unit will leak during operation. The finished unit is connected to the heating system country house. That is, the drives are connected to the supply and return pipes of the coolant.

The chimney is being installed. Please note that this element of the device must exit vertically upwards. If it is not possible to arrange it in this way, then there should be a minimum number of taps.


In an unheated attic, it will have to be insulated.

First kindling

It is very important to correctly conduct the first furnace. However, you cannot use a large number of fuel. A small bookmark should heat the unit itself, especially the chimney. With a sharp increase in temperature, condensation may form on its walls, which will turn into tar, narrowing the diameter. And this is a decrease in thrust, which is responsible for the correct operation of the heater.

Gap adjustment

During the combustion process, the gap in the blower is adjusted. Need to find optimal size, which will provide the combustion chamber with the necessary amount fresh air(oxygen).


Be sure to pay attention to the height of the bookmark. Its upper edge should be located at a distance of 20 cm from the inner pancake. This distance will ensure optimal combustion of wood or coal. At the same time, the smoke and carbon monoxide will be freely discharged through the chimney.

Principle of operation

In fact, a traditional solid fuel boiler works like a conventional stove. There is also a firebox in which firewood (coal, pellets and other types of solid fuels) burns. The released energy heats the coolant located in the tank above the combustion chamber.

The heat carrier in this design is heated both from the internal pancake and from the chimney, which pierces through the container with water. At the same time, the boiler body also heats up, which creates an accumulative effect that prevents rapid cooling when the unit is turned off.

The heated coolant rises and exits through the upper pipe into the supply circuit of the heating system. The cooled coolant enters the boiler through the lower pipe connected to the return circuit.

Other options

A solid fuel boiler for heating a house can be made in the form of a cube from a metal sheet 4 mm thick. This is a more complex design, in which you will have to assemble a separate combustion chamber. It turns out that a combustion chamber is installed in the boiler body. And between the walls of the two structures, the coolant will circulate. This is a more efficient option, but difficult to manufacture. It has a lot of welds, which reduces the reliability and safety of operation.

Quite often, for heating private houses are used heating boilers. Almost everyone can weld a heating boiler with their own hands, since these devices have simple design. For the manufacture of the structure, you can use non-professional tools and materials that are available.

Some improvements can be made to the design of the boiler, which will be used for heating your own private house and cooking. Such changes can improve the efficiency of the device.

The design of the heating boiler

This equipment has a similar design with an ordinary stove. The differences are only in the way of heat transfer. The boiler consists of the following elements:

  1. Capacity for combustion of solid fuel.
  2. Grids for supplying air in the right amount.
  3. Water tank or tubular heating registers.
  4. Chimney. It is designed to create the necessary traction and removal of combustion products.
  5. dampers. They are used to regulate the air draft and block the channels after the fire in the stove is extinguished.

The heating system must be supplied with a water heat accumulator. It is a container that is installed in the upper part of the boiler and accumulates heat energy during the combustion process. When this process stops, the liquid will circulate in the system and heat the air.

Additionally, you can install a stainless steel tank, which will contain hot water. It is mounted above the heat accumulator. This element heating system is optional.

The first step is to draw up an accurate drawing of the heating boiler. In order to rationally use the living space, it is recommended to order the development of an individual project of a similar design from specialists.

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Tools and materials that will be needed for the manufacture of a heating boiler

To weld heating boilers with your own hands, you will need to prepare the following elements:

  1. Steel sheet with a minimum thickness of 5 mm.
  2. Metal corner.
  3. Cast iron grate.
  4. Water pipes made of steel of various diameters.
  5. Doors for bunkers.
  6. Throttle valves.
  7. Stainless steel sheet. It will be needed in order to make a heat accumulator.
  8. Screened sand.

In the process of manufacturing a boiler for heating, welding will be required. The following tools should be prepared:

Figure 1. Scheme of a homemade boiler.

  1. An inverter-type welding device or any other that can be used at home.
  2. Bulgarian.
  3. Forceps.
  4. Pliers.
  5. Electric drill.
  6. A set of necessary drills.
  7. Roulette.
  8. Level.
  9. Square.

The master must have the skills to carry out welding work.

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How to make parts of the boiler body correctly

The basis of any boiler is the furnace, in which the temperature can reach 900-1000°C. To assemble it, you will need materials that can withstand such temperatures. The sequence of actions for the manufacture of the case will be as follows:

  1. If heat-resistant steel is not available, ordinary steel can be used. However, in this case, in order to ensure the durability of the structure, the walls of the node must be made double. The walls must be cut from a sheet of steel using a grinder.
  2. From steel pipe it will be necessary to cut the required number of parts that will be used as stiffeners. From a metal corner, you need to make amplifiers for joints between all elements of the stove.
  3. Make a hole in the front wall rectangular shape, which corresponds in size to the doors of all bunkers. To make a through rectangular hole of the desired configuration, markings must be applied to the metal, and then drilling the sheet in the corners with an electric drill. Using an angle grinder, you need to make a through cut in the middle part, and then lead it from the central part to the extreme. In this way, damage to the sheet can be avoided.

In a high-quality boiler for heating, several water tanks should be provided. Tanks should be made of stainless steel. To weld the sheets, you will need to use a special device.

The design of the heat exchanger is a set of water pipes OK. Using a welding device, they should be connected so that a flow path with a large outer base is formed.

In this case, the fastest and most complete heat transfer from the combustible fuel to the heat carrier will be ensured.

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How to assemble the boiler with your own hands

The design of boilers for heating is characterized by high metal consumption. Such a device will end up having a lot of weight. Therefore, assembly is recommended to be carried out at the place of installation of heating equipment.

Under the boiler, it is imperative to make a base of heat-resistant bricks.

After that, it will be necessary to lay the bottom of the ash bin on it. Along the perimeter of this element, the walls of the structure should be installed vertically. After that, the walls are connected by welding.

A diagram of a homemade boiler is shown in fig. one.

Inside the manufactured housing, it will be necessary to lay the grate on the welded guides. After that, heat exchangers are mounted. From the outside, stiffeners must be welded to the hopper in a vertical position, which are made of a rectangular steel profile. At this stage, it remains only to mount the outer walls and the top plate.

Between the walls it will be necessary to fill in the prepared sifted sand, which will perform a dual function:

  • additionally accumulate heat;
  • protect the walls of the combustion chamber from possible overheating and accelerated burnout.

For backfilling, it is recommended to use washed sand, which does not contain dust and other foreign elements. Previously, the sand will need to be calcined on fire in order to exclude all organic matter. If you miss this stage, then during the heating of the heating boiler, not the most pleasant smell may appear.

Prepared stainless steel containers will need to be mounted on the top plate, and then connected to the appropriate circuits. After that, it remains only to install the doors in their places.

In private households and cottages heating boilers used for space heating or hot water supply. It is easier to buy a factory unit, install it, connect it to the heating system and then control its operation. However, there are situations when the question of how to make a gas boiler with your own hands becomes relevant.

Depending on the type of fuel, boilers vary in design complexity. Installation of homemade gas and diesel units is prohibited, since the necessary parameters must be met safe use artisanal method is unrealistic.

Homemade boilers

Making a water heating boiler with your own hands is much cheaper than a factory one. However, the efficiency of home-made units is lower. The design of home-made and factory units is based on the same principle: when burning, fuel emits thermal energy directed to the coolant in the heat exchanger.

Boilers for coal, wood, pellets and electricity are considered the safest, in contrast to home-made gas and diesel units.


Important. Controlling organizations will not allow the connection of a home-made gas unit to the gas pipeline. There is an administrative responsibility for the installation of such a unit.

Solid fuel boilers

More often than others, they make a home-made gas boiler for heating a private house on solid fuel. It has a simple design, similar to a traditional oven. The fuel for these units are firewood, coal, pellets.

To figure out how to make a heating boiler with your own hands, you need to know that its efficiency first depends on the completeness of fuel burnout and the successful design of the heat exchanger.


Important. The combustion temperature of the fuel is inversely proportional to the efficiency. The weaker the fire, the more efficient the boiler works. Optimum temperature coolant at the outlet of the boiler ranges from 120 to 150 degrees.

Electric boilers

Homemade heating boilers for a private house, powered by electricity, are not uncommon. The simplest option- Heating elements that are mounted directly into the heating system, without boilers. But more common are units made from a wide pipe. At the same time, it must be removable so that you can get close to the heating element if necessary.

Noteworthy are the electrode assemblies, in which electricity passed through a liquid containing salt. As a result of the chaotic movement of ions, thermal energy is generated. But to make such a boiler is more difficult than a conventional heating element. Knowledge of electrical engineering and compliance with electrical safety measures are required.


There are cases when, due to improper assembly or installation of such a unit, an electric arc breakdown of the coolant occurred or flammable electrolysis gas accumulated in the system circuit.

How boilers are assembled

When it comes to homemade device, questions arise: from what and how to do it? It is necessary to make a heating boiler so that it is safe to operate. To do this, stock up on heat-resistant steel sheet. It should not burn through from an open flame and wear out quickly.

It is not easy to find such steel, it is expensive to buy. Cast iron handles high temperatures best, but working with it at home is not easy. Cast iron structures are made in specialized workshops.


Solid fuel boilers by design can be divided into two types:

  • for a water circuit with a classic combustion chamber;
  • pyrolysis units with an additional upper combustion chamber.

Boilers with a classic combustion chamber

Conventional boilers have a combustion chamber in which heat-resistant steel grates are installed. Fuel is placed on top of them. It burns, ashes and ashes fall into the lower compartment of the boiler. Before each kindling, the ash pan must be cleaned.

A container is located next to the combustion chamber, where water is heated for the water circuit of the heating system. Cooled water enters the lower part of the tank, which gradually rises, warming up.


The boiler has two heat-resistant doors: for loading fuel and an ash pan. The lower chamber allows air to circulate.

Pyrolysis units

Pyrolysis units have an advantage over traditional ones: maximum efficiency.

They have an extra camera. Gases are released there after combustion of fuel. There they burn out, emit thermal energy, it also goes to heat the room.

The optimal design would be where the cameras are placed one above the other, of the same shape, but different in height. The size of the gas afterburner chamber must be at least 30–40 percent of the volume of the main chamber.


Important. Factory-made pyrolysis boilers are able to operate continuously (without additional fuel loading) for about a day. Home-made more than 10-15 hours will not pull.

Pyrolysis boilers require forced air supply. With a power of up to 15 kW, a fan is mounted on the lower door. It is impossible to load fuel during the operation of the unit.

How are heating elements assembled?

How to weld a heating boiler with your own hands based on a heating element that can be heated Vacation home? You will need the following details:

  • A heating element that will heat water (with a capacity of 1 - 1.5 kW);
  • large diameter pipe;
  • flange for fixing the heating element;
  • flange fasteners;
  • two pieces of water pipe.

At the bottom of the steel pipe, which acts as a boiler, a heating element is mounted in a flanged manner. At the top they are building expansion tank, in which there should be a hole for pouring water.


The boiler is connected using segments of water pipes with batteries (supply and return). After the system is filled with water, heating can be turned on.

On a note. A dedicated power line is not required. An ordinary socket is enough, where all electrical appliances are included. Compared to an electrode boiler, a heating element is safe. The liquid does not come into contact with live parts.

The disadvantage of such heating is a significant consumption of electricity, which is especially noticeable when the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room is large. The boiler can be improved by putting a thermostat in it. The water temperature will be kept at the set level.


For heating a small country house a boiler-pipe no more than half a meter high is enough. When water is needed not only for heating, but also for hot water supply, the power of the heating element and the volume of the boiler must be increased.

Results

There is no guarantee for the stable operation of do-it-yourself heating boilers. Return or repair under the warranty card will not work. But if you try, you can make a heating boiler with your own hands with such performance characteristics that the owner of the house will need.

The center of the heating system in a private house is a heating boiler. It is he who releases energy, which is later converted, enters the coolant and heats the heating radiators. In this article, we will tell you how to make a heating boiler with your own hands, how to weld a boiler for heating a private house, and also provide drawings and photo instructions.

Types of heating boilers

Before the beginning self-manufacturing boiler, it is necessary to determine its type, which depends on the type of fuel heated by the coolant. If desired, you can build a boiler that runs on any fuel. You can find the necessary information on the Internet resources. However, before making a choice, it is worth having an idea about the advantages and disadvantages of the most famous of them.

  1. Gas boilers for heating. You should not try to make this type with your own hands, as there are a lot of requirements for them that you are unlikely to be able to satisfy. Well, no less important reason is the high probability of an explosion during operation. Installation of a gas boiler is prohibited in the basement of the house.
  2. To make an electric boiler, you do not need professional skills and the availability of many materials. It should be noted a huge drawback - high prices for electricity. This is ideal option for periodic heating of a country house, but for permanent use, an electric boiler is very expensive.
  3. A liquid fuel boiler is quite suitable for do-it-yourself manufacturing, but the cost of fuel and the features of setting the nozzles can cause considerable difficulties in the course of work.
  4. Among all the options listed, the most optimal can be called a solid fuel boiler, which can be successfully used as firewood.

Everyone knows that firewood has a high combustion rate, and therefore does not have time to heat the room to the desired temperature at the initial efficiency. In order to optimize this process, it is worth considering two ways to independently build solid fuel boilers.

Pyrolysis version of the boiler

A boiler of this type is adapted for burning wood, its additional name is a gas-generating boiler. The essence of his work is that the combustion of firewood and the volatile substances emerging from them is carried out separately. Thanks to the pyrolysis process, such boilers manage to maintain the optimal temperature regime of the heat carrier for a period of 6 to 12 hours without adding firewood.

The operation of the pyrolysis boiler cannot be carried out without electrical energy, which ensures the operation of the fan that supports the combustion process in a forced way.

The dimensions of such structures are 1.5 × 0.75 × 1.7 m. The volume of the water tank is 500 liters with a power output of 50 kW. Installation dimensions can vary according to individual needs.

As a rule, for self-manufacturing of the structure, you will need a steel sheet with a thickness of 4-6 mm, a cast-iron sheet of 1 cm, a steel pipe with a wall thickness of 4 mm, welding electrodes and a welding machine. Also stock up on a centrifugal fan, a grate that matches the size of the combustion chamber, automatic device for regulation temperature regime, asbestos sheet and sealing cord.

At the end of the manufacturing process, the heating boiler must be tied up with your own hands in compliance with the technological requirements.

Pellet type boiler

This type of boiler plant is more automated and less whimsical in maintenance during operation. Pellets are granulated wood, for the manufacture of which sawdust and shavings are used. Since this material is free-flowing, they are fed into the combustion chamber automatically using an auger, or hopper.

You may have difficulty in the manufacture of such a boiler due to the lack of a specific electrical equipment: an electric motor to ensure the operation of the auger, or a hopper gate.

The operation of the pellet boiler is carried out in such a way that there is no need for kindling or adding fuel. This is affected by the dimensions of the bunker. Thanks to the principle of operation of the boiler plant, it is possible to control the amount of heat generated, due to the amount of pellets fed into the furnace.

These two types of boilers are optimal for hand-made production. Which one to choose is up to you. This is determined by many factors, the main of which is the need for heat and the availability of a certain type of fuel that you will use.

In any case, it is necessary to strictly follow the technology and observe safety rules.

Video

See how you can make a long-burning boiler yourself:

This video demonstrates a mine-type solid fuel boiler with a heat accumulator:

Schemes and drawings

A photo