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The outbuilding on the roof is practical romance in your own home. How to install an outbuilding on the roof to increase the roof area? Building outbuilding

Development suburban construction is becoming ever larger. Unpresentable shed houses, which were proudly called dachas, are becoming a thing of the past. They are being replaced by cozy cottages, the projects of which provide for all comfort zones: rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, a terrace, and sometimes an outbuilding. An outbuilding is an extension used as an additional room. It is being built to have another guest room or a playroom for children. Sometimes the outbuilding is designed to organize a winter garden or a small gym in it. Whatever the owners choose, one thing is clear - there is never a superfluous outbuilding. In private houses, an outbuilding is usually placed on the roof - this is convenient and practical.

It’s good when the outbuilding is designed at the stage of building a house, but sometimes best ideas appear late. Therefore, it is necessary to decide on the creation of an extension, focusing on an existing house and its characteristics. Before starting work, it is worth objectively assessing a number of important factors:

  • Structural features of the roof of the house, including its slope, truss system, view roofing material, the complexity of execution.
  • The number of floors of the house and its height, as well as architectural features. Here it is worth considering the presence or absence of an attic, on the basis of which it is most convenient to make an outbuilding.
  • The location of the building and the presence of additional buildings next to it.
  • The design and strength of the house - walls, floors, foundations.

Very often, an outbuilding is erected on the roofs of outbuildings or in a garage. In the future, they attach the structure to the house, making the installation of a single roof or implementing other architectural ideas. If the owners are engaged in the construction of the outbuilding on their own, without involving professional workers, then some points must be foreseen in advance. After all, the construction of an outbuilding on the roof of the house:

  • will increase the load on the supporting structures, and if this is not provided for by the project, then you will have to think about strengthening some walls;
  • violate the integrity of the roof, and since it is usually a “layered” system, it will be necessary to resolve the issue of roof insulation again;
  • will lead to a break in the rafter system;
  • will change the overall configuration of the roof, which means that strong wind and precipitation will have a different effect on the roof and house.

During the construction of the outbuilding, it is necessary to evaluate possible risk for the building to avoid trouble during operation

Important!
An outbuilding on a house can bring not joy, but destruction. If there are suspicions that negative impact if there is more, it is better to abandon the roof idea and build an outbuilding in the area next to the house.

No problems are foreseen with the construction of an extension in houses where the roofs are strictly horizontal. On a flat surface, you can easily install almost any design.

The outbuildings, created on the basis of the old veranda of the upper floor, look good. All that is required in this case is to partially isolate the room from the main part of the house, glaze the openings and make a roof. If the roof is additionally insulated, then the outbuilding can be used in the cold season as fully as other rooms.

One of the ways to get additional space in a built house is to build an outbuilding on the roof.

If the house has a pitched roof

The previous options were considered for houses with sloping roofs, but much more often in suburban real estate you can find another option - a pitched roof, and then its features must be taken into account.

Important!
The construction of additional columns will allow you to build an outbuilding on any type of roof of the desired area and configuration. The load on the supporting structures will be minimal.

In addition to problems with the weight of the new building, it is necessary to find answers to a number of questions:

  1. Is it worth it to make a single roof for the house and outbuilding.
  2. How to restore roof insulation when the layers are damaged? roofing cake».
  3. How to mount new system gutters.
  4. Will the room be “cold” or should it be heated.

The erection of an outbuilding on a pitched roof is a rather complicated procedure, the implementation of which is best entrusted to specialists.

It is unlikely that it will be possible to solve this on your own, too much will have to be changed in the life support systems at home. Therefore, further work will proceed in one of two directions:

  • Development of an official project, carrying out calculations of the parameters of the house, coordination of redevelopment and construction in accordance with the established plan.
  • The installation of columns and the location of most of the outbuilding outside the structure of the house. Of course, the coordination and the project in this case are also necessary.

Features of the construction of the outbuilding

Let's try to summarize the points that need to be taken into account when planning the construction of an outbuilding on the roof of a house:

  • distribution of the weight of the extension on the supporting structures of the building;
  • take into account the effects of precipitation and wind;
  • consider the need for additional lighting of the lower floors;
  • change the drainage system;
  • check whether a balanced air exchange has remained and whether comfortable temperatures in home.

The presence of an outbuilding creates a certain halo of romance around the house. This is cozy room differs from the general building by some special atmosphere. Therefore, if an idea arose to build an outbuilding on the roof of the house, then, of course, it is better to implement it. The main thing is to reasonably approach this issue and take into account all the features of construction.

In the conditions of the modern constant rise in the cost of land, housing construction is growing in a vertical direction. Developers increase the usable area of ​​houses by equipping comfortable residential attics. But what if there is still not enough space, and there is no free land for the construction of an extension? Experienced craftsmen believe that in this situation there is only one way out - an outbuilding on the roof.

Most people, when they hear the term "outbuilding" are a small building, separate from the main house, used for household purposes or as a guest summer home. In fact, this word of Germanic origin, which literally means "wing", has three meanings:

Please note that the outbuilding on the roof can be used to equip a small office, nursery or playroom, and if you make a roof of cast polycarbonate, then this room can be placed winter Garden or greenhouse.

Arrangement options

According to professional builders, arranging a roof wing is the cheapest way to increase the usable living space of a private house. However, in addition to this function, a small extension makes appearance roofs more original, decorative and intricate. There are 2 options for mounting a mezzanine on the roof:

  1. The easiest, most economical and practical way to mount a roof shed is to plan its construction at the time of designing the project. This option allows you to accurately determine in advance the total weight of the house, taking into account the weight of the mezzanine, in order to make the foundation and truss frame strong enough.
  2. The second way to arrange a mezzanine is the reconstruction of an already finished roof. However, it rearranges rafter system roof, there is a redistribution of the load on the foundation and violates the tightness roofing.

Important! In terms of the volume and complexity of the work, as well as the amount of costs, it is much easier to plan the construction of an outbuilding during the design of the house. In the case of the reconstruction of an already finished roof, it will be necessary to almost completely rebuild the truss frame and remove the roofing.

The influence of the outbuilding on the design

Experienced craftsmen that the outbuilding can be attached to almost any private house. When planning such a radical reconstruction, it is necessary to take into account design features roofs, number of floors and height of the house, bearing capacity of the foundation, load-bearing walls and ceilings. After all, the extension of the mezzanine to the roof has a huge impact on its design:

  • Significantly increases and redistributes the load that falls on the foundation of the structure, ceiling and bearing walls. An increase in weight can cause the house to sag or warp.
  • The tightness of the roof covering is broken. Adding an outbuilding increases the number of joints and junctions to the vertical surfaces of the roofing material, which leads to an increased risk of leaks.
  • To rupture and violation of the truss frame. To attach the mezzanine to the roof, you need to partially disassemble and make cuts in the rafters, which violates the integrity of the frame.
  • The shape and geometry of the roof are changing, which affects the resistance to wind and snow loads. Due to the outbuilding, the windage of the structure may increase and snow pockets may form.

Remember! So that the extension of the outbuilding does not have a destructive effect on the roof and the house as a whole, it is necessary to calculate in advance the increase in the load on the foundation, and also use lighter materials for construction, for example, sandwich panels.

Mounting technology

It is believed that the installation of a mezzanine on a finished roof is a rather complicated process in terms of technology, which is best entrusted to experienced, professional craftsmen. All manipulations must be carried out only in accordance with the project. Typically, the installation process consists of the following steps:

  1. Partial or complete dismantling of the roof covering of the main roof. If the roof has a large area, and the outbuilding will occupy only a small part of it, then you can not completely remove the roofing material.
  2. With the help of wooden linings, the truss frame is reinforced. Reinforcement is carried out where the outbuilding will be attached.
  3. The frame of the mezzanine is made, and then sheathed with sandwich panels or wood.
  4. The structure is insulated from the inside with mineral insulation, and the outside is sheathed with decorative material.
  5. Assemble the truss frame of the outbuilding roof, and then cover it with roofing material.

Important! When arranging the mezzanine, I pay great attention to the places where the roofing material adjoins vertical surfaces, additionally isolating them. These places often cause leaks.

Video instruction

The outbuilding comes from the German flugel, which literally means "wing". In architecture, an outbuilding is a secondary extension, which can be part of the house or located outside it. The extension is created as a secondary element of the building, which is compositionally and functionally subordinate to the main structure.

In the Russian language, the word "outbuilding" over time has acquired many synonyms - this is both a small house and a wing, sometimes even a mansion. Today, the outbuilding is used less and less as a place to live only in warm weather. Most often, an outbuilding is a full-fledged building, equipped with heating, lighting, connected to utilities.

Why do you need an outbuilding

This building is remembered when there is a need for additional living space. In outbuildings of the manor type, premises for service personnel (in the old way, servants) are most often equipped. If the structure is located on the roof, then it is used as a guest or play room. When planning an outbuilding, its construction on a finished building, it is necessary to take into account the style of the building so that the new building does not violate the overall composition, but, as it were, continues it.

A modern outhouse does not have to be built as a single structure - today architectural companies offer projects for multi-level buildings that can be double or even triple. All this gives the house individuality both outside and inside (meaning the layout).

Design features of the outbuilding

One of the most common outbuilding locations is the roof of a house. An extension can be planned in advance or built on an already finished building. In the first case, there are no problems, but if you plan to build an outbuilding on a built house, then a number of factors must be taken into account:
- structural features of the roof;
- number of floors, height of the building;
- reliability of walls, ceilings, foundations.

It is not necessary to build an outbuilding on a residential building. Often, a similar architectural element can be seen on outbuildings, a garage and even a bathhouse. It all depends on the preferences of the property owner. The easiest way to equip additional living space on flat roof or on the site of the veranda of the upper floor. In the latter case, it will be necessary to partially glaze the openings and make a roof. If, however, the walls and roof are insulated, then the structure will be ready to receive guests even in the cold season.


I

In the hospital yard small outbuilding surrounded by a whole forest

burdock, nettle and wild hemp. The roof on it is rusty, the pipe is half

collapsed, the steps at the porch rotted and overgrown with grass, and from the plaster

only traces remained. The front facade faces the hospital, the rear -

looks into the field, from which he is separated by a gray hospital fence with nails.

These nails, with their points upwards, both the fence and the wing itself have that

a special dull, cursed look, which we only have on sick leave and

prison buildings.

If you are not afraid to burn yourself on nettles, then let's go along the narrow path,

leading to the outbuilding, and see what's going on inside. Opening the first door

we enter the vestibule. Here, against the walls and near the stove, whole mountains of sick leave are piled up.

rubbish. Mattresses, old tattered dressing gowns, pantaloons, shirts with blue

striped, worthless, worn-out shoes - all this dud is dumped in

heaps, crumpled, tangled, rots and emits a suffocating smell.

On the trash, always with a pipe in his teeth, lies the watchman Nikita, an old retired

soldier with red stripes. He has a stern, exhausted face, hanging eyebrows,

giving the face the expression of a steppe shepherd, and a red nose; he is not tall,

he looks lean and wiry, but his posture is impressive and his fists are hefty.

He belongs to those simple-hearted, positive, diligent and

stupid people who love order more than anything in the world and are therefore convinced

that they should be beaten. He hits in the face, in the chest, in the back, in anything, and

I am sure that without this there would be no order here.

paint, the ceiling is smoky, as in a chicken hut - it is clear that they smoke here in winter

ovens and sometimes carbon monoxide. The windows from the inside are disfigured by iron bars. Paul litter

and a splinter. It stinks of sauerkraut, wick, bugs and ammonia, and

this stink in the first minute makes such an impression on you, as if you

enter the menagerie.

The room has beds bolted to the floor. People sit and lie on them

in blue hospital gowns and old hats. This is crazy.

There are five of them in all. Only one of noble rank, the rest

but all the commoners. First from the door, a tall, thin tradesman with red

with a shining mustache and tear-stained eyes, sits with his head propped up, and looks

to one point. Day and night he is sad, shaking his head, sighing and bitterly

smiling; he rarely takes part in conversations and usually

doesn't answer. He eats and drinks automatically when given. Judging by the painful

a beating cough, thinness and a blush on his cheeks, he begins to develop consumption.

He is followed by a small, lively, very active old man with a sharp

beard and with black, curly hair like a negro's. By day he

walks around the ward from window to window or sits on his bed, tucked

legs in Turkish, and restlessly, like a bullfinch, whistles, sings softly and

giggles. He also shows his childish gaiety and lively character at night, when

gets up then to pray to God, that is, to knock himself with his fists on

chest and pick at the door with your finger. This is the Jew Moiseika, a fool, crazy

about twenty years ago, when his hat workshop burned down.

Of all the inhabitants of ward no. 6, he alone is allowed to leave

outbuilding and even from hospital yard to the street. Such a privilege

has been using it for a long time, probably like a hospital old-timer and how quiet,

harmless fool, the city jester, who has long been accustomed to seeing on

streets surrounded by boys and dogs. In a dressing gown, in a funny cap and

in shoes, sometimes barefoot and even without pantaloons, he walks the streets,

stopping at the gates and shops, and asks for a pretty penny. In one place they will give him

kvass, in another - bread, in the third - a penny, so that he returns to

the wing is usually well-fed and rich. Whatever he brings with him, he takes away

he has Nikita in his favor. The soldier does it rudely, with heart, twisting

pockets and calling God to witness that he will never be

to let a Jew into the street and that disorder is the worst thing in the world for him.

Moses loves to serve. He serves food to his comrades, shelters them when

they are sleeping, he promises everyone to bring a penny from the street and sew on a new one

hat; he is spoon-feeding his neighbor on the left side, a paraplegic.

He does not do this out of compassion and not out of any considerations of humane

properties, but imitating and involuntarily obeying his neighbor with right side,

Ivan Dmitrich Gromov, a man of about thirty-three, from the noble, former

bailiff and provincial secretary, suffers from persecution mania. He

or lying on the bed, curled up, or walking from corner to corner,

as if for exercise, he sits very rarely. He is always excited, excited and

tense with some vague, indefinite expectation. The slightest is enough

a rustle in the passage, or a shout in the yard, so that he would raise his voice and become

listen: are they following him? Are they looking for him? And his face at the same time

expresses extreme anxiety and disgust.

I like his broad, bony face, always pale and miserable,

reflecting in itself, as in a mirror, tormented by struggle and prolonged

soul fear. His grimaces are strange and painful, according to the subtle features laid down

on his face with deep sincere suffering, reasonable and intelligent, and in

eyes with a warm, healthy glow. I like him himself, polite, helpful and

unusually delicate in dealing with everyone except Nikita. When

someone drops a button or a spoon, he quickly jumps out of bed and

raises. Every morning he congratulates his comrades on a good morning, lying down

sleep - wishes them good night.

In addition to constantly tense state and grimacing, madness

it is expressed in the following. Sometimes in the evenings he wraps himself in his

dressing gown and, trembling all over, chattering his teeth, begins to walk quickly from corner to

corner and between beds. It looks like he has a high fever. By

the way he suddenly stops and looks at his comrades, it is clear that

he wants to say something very important, but, apparently realizing that his

won't listen or understand, he shakes his head impatiently and

keeps walking. But soon it is desirable to speak prevails over all sorts of

considerations, and he gives himself free rein and speaks ardently and passionately. His speech

disorderly, feverish, like delirium, impulsive and not always intelligible, but on the other hand

says you will recognize Mr. as a crazy person. Difficult to convey on paper

his crazy speech. He speaks of human meanness, of violence that tramples

the truth, about the wonderful life that will eventually be on earth, about window

bars, reminding him every minute of the stupidity and cruelty of rapists.

It turns out a messy, awkward medley from old, but not yet finished singing

About twelve or fifteen years ago in the city, on the most important

street, in own house lived the official Gromov, a respectable man and

prosperous. He had two sons: Sergei and Ivan. Already a student

fourth year, Sergei fell ill with transient consumption and died, and this death

as if it served as the beginning of a whole series of misfortunes that suddenly rained down on

the Gromov family. A week after Sergei's funeral, the old father was placed under

court for forgery and embezzlement and soon died in a prison hospital from typhus. house and

all movable property was sold under the hammer, and Ivan Dmitritch and his mother were left without

any means.

Before, with his father, Ivan Dmitritch, living in St. Petersburg, where he studied at

Witzversigege, received sixty or seventy rubles a month and had no

concept of need, but now he had to dramatically change his life. He must

was from morning till night to give penny lessons, to engage in correspondence, and yet

to starve, since all the earnings were sent to the mother for food. Such a life

Ivan Dmitritch could not stand it; he lost heart, became ill, and, leaving the university, left

home. Here, in the town, under patronage, he received a teacher's job in the county

school, but did not get along with his comrades, did not like the students and soon left

place. Mother died. For six months he went without a place, eating only bread and

water, then entered the bailiff. He held this position until

until he was fired due to illness.

He never, even in his young student years, made an impression

healthy. He was always pale, thin, prone to colds, ate little,

slept. One glass of wine made him dizzy and hysterical. His

always attracted to people, but due to its irritable nature and

he did not get close to anyone and had no friends. About the townspeople

always spoke with contempt, saying that their gross ignorance and sleepy

animal life seems vile and disgusting to him. He spoke in tenor

loudly, ardently, and nothing else than indignantly and indignantly, or with delight and

surprise, and always sincerely. What happened, you can’t talk to him, he’s all

reduces to one thing: it is stuffy and boring to live in the city, society has no higher

interests, it leads a dull, meaningless life, diversifying it with violence,

gross depravity and hypocrisy; the scoundrels are fed and clothed, while the private ones are eating

crumbs; we need schools, a local newspaper with an honest direction, a theater,

public readings, solidarity of intellectual forces; society needs

self-conscious and horrified. In his judgments about people, he put thick colors,

only white and black, not recognizing any shades; humanity was divided

he has on honest and scoundrels; there was no middle ground. About women and love

he always spoke passionately, with delight, but he was never in love.

In the city, despite the sharpness of his judgments and nervousness, he was loved and

behind the eyes affectionately called Vanya. His innate delicacy, helpfulness,

decency, moral purity and his shabby frock coat, sickly

the sight and family misfortunes inspired a good, warm and sad feeling; to that

but he was well educated and well-read, he knew, according to the townspeople, everything and was in

city ​​is something like a walking reference dictionary.

He read a lot. It used to be that everyone sits in the club, nervously pulling his beard

and leafing through magazines and books; and it is clear from his face that he does not read, but

swallows, barely having time to chew. One must think that reading was one of his

morbid habits, since he pounced on everything with equal greed,

that fell under his hands, even on last year's newspapers and calendars. at home

he always read himself lying down.

One autumn morning, turning up the collar of his coat and slapping through the mud,

Ivan Dmitritch made his way through the alleys and back alleys to some tradesman in order to

receive but a writ of execution. He was in a gloomy mood

always in the morning. In one of the lanes he met two prisoners in

shackles and with them four escorts with guns. Ivan Dmitritch used to be very

often met prisoners, and each time they aroused feelings in him

compassion and embarrassment, but now this meeting produced some kind of

special, strange impression. For some reason he suddenly felt that

they can also be put in shackles and in the same way lead through the mud to prison.

Having visited the tradesman and returning to his home, he met near the post office

familiar police officer, who greeted him and walked with him

the street a few steps, and for some reason it seemed suspicious to him. Houses

all day long prisoners and soldiers with guns could not get out of his head, and

did not light a fire in himself, and did not sleep at night and kept thinking that he could

arrest, shackle and put in jail. He knew no guilt

he could guarantee that in the future he would never kill, set fire to, or steal;

but is it really difficult to commit a crime unintentionally, involuntarily, and isn’t it

possible slander, finally a miscarriage of justice? After all, it is not for nothing that the age-old folk

experience teaches not to promise from the scrip and the prison. A miscarriage of justice under the present

legal proceedings is very possible, and there is nothing tricky about it. People who have

service, business attitude to someone else's suffering, for example, judges,

policemen, doctors, over time, by virtue of habit, are tempered to such

degree that they would like to, but they cannot treat their customers otherwise than

formally; in this respect they are no different from the peasant who

backyard slaughters sheep and calves and does not notice the blood. While formal,

soulless attitude towards the individual, in order to deprive an innocent person

all the rights of the state and to award to hard labor, the judge needs only one thing: time.

Only time to comply with some formalities, but which the judge is paid

salary, and then - it's all over. Seek then justice and protection in this

small, dirty town, two hundred miles from railway! Yes and no

Is it funny to think about justice when all violence is encountered

society as a reasonable and expedient necessity, and every act

mercy, such as an acquittal, causes a whole explosion

unsatisfied, vindictive feeling?

In the morning Ivan Dmitritch got up from his bed in horror, with cold sweat on his forehead,

already quite sure that he could be arrested any minute. If yesterday

heavy thoughts do not leave him for such a long time, he thought, then, therefore, there is an awn in them

element of truth. Could they really come to mind without any

The policeman slowly walked past the windows: this is not without reason. Here are two people

stopped near the house and are silent. Why are they silent?

And for Ivan Dmitritch agonizing days and nights came. All passed

past the windows and entering the courtyard seemed to be spies and detectives. At noon

usually the police officer rode in a pair along the street; he was driving from his

suburban estate to the police department, but it seemed to Ivan Dmitritch

every time he drives too fast and with some special expression:

obviously in a hurry to announce that a very important criminal has appeared in the city.

Ivan Dmitritch trembled at every ring and knock at the gate, and languished when

met a new person at the hostess; when meeting with policemen and gendarmes

smiled and whistled to punish the indifferent. He didn't sleep all night

all the time, waiting for arrest, but snoring loudly and sighing, as if sleepy, in order to

it seemed to the hostess that he was sleeping; because if he does not sleep, it means that he is being tormented

pangs of conscience - what evidence! Facts and sound logic convinced him that

all these fears are nonsense and psychopathy, what is in arrest and prison, if you look

on a wider matter, in essence, there is nothing terrible - if the conscience is calm;

but the smarter and more logical he reasoned, the stronger and more painful it became

mental anxiety. It was like oh how one hermit wanted to knock out

a place in the virgin forest; the harder he worked with an ax, the thicker

and the forest grew stronger. Ivan Dmitritch finally seeing that this

useless, gave up reasoning altogether, and gave himself up entirely to despair and fear.

He began to retire and avoid people. The service was disgusting to him before,

now she became unbearable for him. He was afraid that somehow

let them down, put a bribe in his pocket imperceptibly and then convict him, or he himself

inadvertently makes a mistake in official papers, tantamount to forgery, or

lose other people's money. It is strange that at no other time had his thought been

so flexible and inventive, as now, when every day he invented

thousands of different reasons to seriously fear for your

freedom and honor. But on the other hand, interest in the outside world has significantly weakened, in

in particular to books, and began to strongly change memory.

In the spring, when the snow melted, two

half-rotten corpses - an old woman and a boy, with signs of violent death.

In the city, there was only talk about these corpses and unknown murderers.

Ivan Dmitritch, so that they would not think that it was he who had killed, walked the streets and

smiled, and at a meeting with acquaintances turned pale, blushed and began to assure that

there is no more vile crime than the killing of the weak and defenseless. But this lie

soon tired him, and, after some reflection, he decided that in his

The best situation is to hide in the hostess's cellar. in the cellar

he sat for a day, then a night and another day, he was very cold and, waiting for

darkness, secretly, like a thief, made his way to his room. Stayed until dawn

he is in the middle of the room, not moving and listening. Early in the morning before sunrise

the stove-makers came to the hostess. Ivan Dmitritch knew well that they had come

to shift the stove in the kitchen, but fear told him that this

policemen dressed as stove-makers. He slowly left the apartment and,

terrified, without a hat or coat, he ran down the street. Behind him with a bark

dogs were chasing, a peasant was shouting somewhere behind, the air was whistling in his ears, and Ivan

It seemed to Dmitritch that the violence of the whole world had accumulated behind him and was chasing

They detained him, brought him home and sent the hostess for a doctor. Doctor

Andrey Efimych, about whom we are talking ahead, prescribed cold lotions on his head.

and cherry laurel drops, shook his head sadly and left, telling the hostess that

it will come no more, because one should not prevent people from going crazy.

Since at home there was nothing to live on and to be treated, Ivan Dmitritch would soon

sent to the hospital and put him there in the ward for venereal patients.

He did not sleep at night, was capricious and disturbed the sick, and soon, after

by order of Andrey Yefimitch, was transferred to Ward No. 6.

A year later, Ivan Dmitritch was completely forgotten in the city, and the books

he, dumped by the hostess in a sleigh under a canopy, was pulled apart by the boys.

The neighbor on the left side of Ivan Dmitritch, as I said, is the Jew Moiseyka,

the neighbor on the right is a fat, almost round peasant with a stupid, completely

meaningless face. It is motionless, gluttonous and unclean

an animal that has long since lost the ability to think and feel. From him

there is always a sharp, suffocating stench.

Nikita, who is cleaning up after him, beats him terribly, with all his might, without sparing

their fists; and it’s not scary here that they beat him, - you can

get used to - and the fact that this stupid animal does not respond to beatings

no sound, no movement, no expression of the eyes, but only swaying slightly, as

heavy barrel.

The fifth and last inhabitant of Ward No. 6 is a tradesman who once served

sorter at the post office, a small thin blond with a kind, but somewhat

sly face. Judging by the intelligent, calm eyes, looking clear and cheerful, he

on his mind and has some very important and pleasant secret. He has under

pillow and under the mattress something that he does not show to anyone, but not from

fear that they might be taken away or stolen, but out of modesty. Sometimes he comes to

window and, turning his back to his comrades, puts something on his chest and

looks with his head down; if you approach him at this time, he will be embarrassed and

rip something off your chest. But its secret is not difficult to guess.

Congratulate me, - he often says to Ivan Dmitritch, - I am presented to

Stanislav of the second degree with a star. The second degree with a star is given only

foreigners, but for some reason they want to make an exception for me, - he smiles,

shrugging in confusion. - Well, to be honest, I didn't expect it!

I don’t understand anything about this,” Ivan Dmitritch declares gloomily.

But you know what I will achieve sooner or later? - continues the former

sorter, screwing up his eyes slyly. - I will certainly get the Swedish "Polar

star". The order is such that it is worth patting. A white cross and a black ribbon. This

very beautiful.

Probably nowhere else is life so monotonous as in

outbuilding. In the morning the sick, except for the paraplegic and the fat peasant, wash themselves in

hallway from a large tub and wipe themselves with the folds of dressing gowns; then drink from

pewter mugs of tea that Nikita brings from the main building. To each

relies on one mug. At noon they eat sauerkraut soup and porridge,

in the evening they dine with porridge left over from dinner. In between lie, sleep,

looking out the windows and walking from corner to corner. And so every day. Even the former

the sorter says everything about the same orders.

Fresh people are rarely seen in Ward No. 6. New crazy doctors have long

no longer accepts, and there are few fans of visiting madhouses on this

light. Once every two months Semyon Lazarich, the barber, comes to the wing. How is he

he cuts crazy people and how Nikita helps him do it and in what confusion

sick people come every time a drunken smiling barber appears,

we won't talk.

Except the barber, no one looks into the outbuilding. Sick condemned

to see only Nikita from day to day.

However, recently a rather strange

A rumor was spread that Ward No. 6 was allegedly visited by a doctor.

(Story, 1892).
Description of the hospital yard, overgrown with nettles, where there is a small outbuilding. In the passage, on the old rubbish, the watchman Nikita, an old retired soldier, always sleeps.
In a room on beds screwed to the floor, there are 5 madmen, one of whom is of noble rank, and the rest are bourgeois. One of them is the Jew Moses, who was housed when his hat workshop burned down. He is one of all released into the street, where he is given some kopecks, some kvass, some something else. Everything that Moiseyka brings is taken away by the watchman Nikita "for his own benefit". Moiseyka loves to serve, but she does it not out of compassion, but imitating her neighbor on the right side, Ivan Dmitrievich Gromov, who helps everyone, but sometimes something like a fever rolls over him, and he, choking, talks about "human meanness, about violence that tramples truth."
About 12-15 years ago, the official Gromov lived in his house on the main street, and with him his two sons - Sergey and Ivan. As a 4th year student, Sergei fell ill with consumption and died. A week later, my father was accused of forgery and embezzlement of government money and put on trial. He soon died in the prison hospital from typhus. Ivan himself is forced to earn a living by frequent lessons and send part of the money to his mother for food. He can't stand it and goes home. He was given a place in the county school, but he did not get along with his comrades, did not like the students and soon left the place. Mother died. For six months he ate only bread and water, then he entered the court as a bailiff until he was fired due to illness.
The city loved him. He was very educated and well-read. One autumn morning, Ivan Dmitrievich goes to a tradesman to get a writ of execution. Along the way, he meets prisoners with escorts, and this meeting makes a heavy impression on him. On the way home, Ivan Dmitrievich meets a police officer, which also seems suspicious to him. Ivan Dmitrievich cannot sleep at night. He is haunted by thoughts of a possible arrest, although he does not know any guilt behind him. He is tormented by nightmares. For several days, all the people passing by the windows and entering the courtyard seem to him to be spies and detectives. He is afraid of everything, avoids people, the service becomes unbearable for him. In the spring, two half-rotted corpses with signs of violent death are found near the cemetery. Fearing that he would be suspected of the murder, Ivan Dmitrievich walks the streets and smiles, at a meeting with acquaintances he assures that "there is no more vile crime than the murder of the weak and defenseless." In the end, Ivan Dmitrievich hides in the master's cellar, where he sits for two days. When the stove-makers come to the hostess, it seems to him that they are police officers in disguise. He gets out of the apartment and runs down the street in horror. They detain him, bring him home and call the doctor - Andrey Efimovich. They decide that Ivan Dmitrievich is mentally ill, and send him to the hospital in ward No. 6.
In addition to Ivan Dmitrievich and the Jew Moiseyka, the ward contains "a fat, almost round man, with a dull, completely senseless face. This is an immobile, gluttonous and unclean animal, which has long lost the ability to think and feel. A sharp, suffocating stench constantly comes from him" . The peasant does not respond to Nikita's cruel beatings with either a sound, or a movement, or an expression in his eyes.
The fifth inhabitant of Ward No. 6 is a former letter sorter, blond with a kind, sly face. He is obsessed with the idea that he is awarded rare orders.
There are rarely new people in the ward: only the barber comes in. However, a rumor soon spread that the doctor began to visit the lunatics.
Dr. Andrei Efimovich Ragin in his youth prepared himself for a spiritual career, but at the insistence of his father he devoted himself to medicine. The doctor has a cautious gait and a high voice. He dresses casually. Before Andrei Efimovich took office, arbitrariness was going on in the hospital and a terrible mess reigned. Andrey Efimovich reacted to the riots indifferently. At first, he works very hard, patients praise him for his attention and competence. Over time, the doctor gets bored with monotonous and useless work. The doctor comes to the conclusion that there is no point in preventing people from dying. Andrey Efimovich gives up and visits the hospital not every day. In the waiting room, Andrey Efimovich is met in the morning by the paramedic Sergei Sergeevich. He has a vast practice in the city, wears a white tie, and considers himself more knowledgeable than a doctor who has no practice at all. Sergei Sergeevich is religious. On Sundays, one of the patients reads an akathist aloud, and then the paramedic goes around the wards and fumigates the sick with incense.
Andrey Efimovich takes patients hastily, does not perform any more operations (for some time now the sight of blood has been unpleasant for him), hastily prescribes medicines so that the patients will leave him alone as soon as possible. Over time, the process of "treatment" finally bothers him, the patients are taken by a paramedic. Arriving home, Andrey Efimovich begins to read. He buys a lot of books on history and philosophy. In the evenings, the postmaster Mikhail Averyanych visits the doctor. Under the influence of good thoughts read from books, Andrey Efimovich becomes disgusted with his own past and present. He comes to the conclusion that he serves a harmful cause and receives a salary from people whom he deceives. Zemstvo allocates additional funds to strengthen the medical staff in the hospital. A young doctor Yevgeny Fedorovich Khobotov arrives in the city. He uses the only book - "The latest recipes for the Vienna clinic for 1881." He does not introduce new orders, fearing to offend Andrei Efimovich. The new doctor secretly envies the old one and would gladly take his place.
Once, at the end of March, a barefoot Jew, Moiseyka, asks Andrey Efimovich for a kopeck. With a mixed feeling of pity and disgust, the doctor asks Nikita to give Moiseika boots. Ivan Dmitrievich calls the doctor a reptile and an executioner, a charlatan, says that he must be killed, claims that hundreds of madmen are walking free, and a few unfortunate ones should sit out for everyone in ward No. 6.
Andrei Efimovich advises Ivan Dmitrievich to run away, but he himself agrees that it is useless. The doctor really likes to talk with Ivan Dmitrievich. He decides that he is very smart and interesting person decides to visit him more often.
The next day, Ivan Dmitrievich confesses to the doctor that he mistook him for a spy. He accuses the doctor of lack of will, laziness, connivance.
Andrey Efimovich starts going to ward No. 6 every day. Dr. Hobotov once finds his colleague talking to a madman and soon persuades the paramedic to eavesdrop on these conversations with him. After listening to the "philosophizing" of Andrei Efimovich, they both come to the conclusion that the doctor is out of his mind.
Andrey Efimovich notices that the attitude of those around him is changing. Everyone hints at him to stop drinking. Under a plausible pretext, he is summoned to the city government, where they ask seemingly harmless questions. Coming out of the council, Andrei Efimovich guesses that it was a commission designed to examine his mental health. In the evening, the postmaster comes to him and invites him to go abroad with him.
A week later, Andrei Efimovich was offered to resign. Together with a friend, he goes to Moscow, where the postmaster behaves "like a lord". The doctor is annoyed with his friend. They go to Warsaw, where the postmaster loses 500 rubles, borrows them from the doctor, who then has only 86 rubles left. Upon his return, the doctor has to change his habits: he has neither work nor money. He is unable to renew contact with Ivan Dmitrievich, as the latter's condition is deteriorating. Andrey Efimovich owes everyone. The rare visits of Khobotov's colleague and paramedic annoy him. The postmaster sympathizes with him, but does not give him the money. One day the postmaster and Khobotov visit Andrei Efimovich together. The postmaster, as usual, jokes, and even promises to marry Andrei Efimovich. He suddenly gets annoyed and indignantly kicks the guests out. Left alone, he repents of his act. The next morning he goes to the postmaster and apologizes to him. The postmaster seriously suggests that he take care of his illness. The doctor says he is not sick. In the evening, Khobotov comes to Andrey Efimovich and unexpectedly invites him to a consultation at the hospital.
Andrey Efimovich finds himself in ward number 6. Nikita takes away his dress. Ivan Dmitrievich mockingly urges him to "philosophize", and the former doctor admits that he has completely lost heart. Andrey Efimovich tries to go out for a walk, but Nikita severely beats him.
The next morning, Andrey Efimovich falls into apathy, does not answer questions, does not respond to visitors. In the evening he dies of apoplexy.