doors 

Intestinal atony symptoms. How to identify and cure intestinal atony. Traditional and folk methods of treatment

Intestinal atony is a decrease in its peristalsis and loss of tone. The walls of the intestines are made up of smooth muscles, the contractions of which ensure the movement of the food bolus from the upper sections of the intestine to the lower ones. Normally, the intestine makes up to 18 movements per minute. The weakening of peristalsis leads to disruption of the digestive tract, the appearance of persistent constipation, which can haunt the patient for many years and become chronic.

However, this pathological condition is reversible, if the provoking factors are eliminated, then intestinal motility resumes. What causes can cause the development of the disease, how to deal with this condition and what drugs should be taken for intestinal atony?

Causes of intestinal atony

Atonic constipation indicates that the body is affected by some negative factors or that some pathological conditions are observed. Distinguish between alimentary constipation, which is a consequence of an irrational approach to nutrition, constipation that occurs against the background of weakness of the pelvic and abdominal muscles or the presence of a mechanical obstacle that impedes the movement of intestinal contents to the anus (polyps, neoplasms growing into the intestinal lumen, adhesions and other anomalies), toxic , endocrine, neurogenic, psychogenic and other types of constipation.

Symptoms of intestinal atony

The symptoms of this pathology are characterized by polymorphism and are determined by the degree of motor impairment, the characteristics of the patient's nervous system, and age. Signs of intestinal atony are associated with stool retention, as well as with disturbed digestion processes. The main symptom is constipation (slow or systematically insufficient bowel movement). It is considered normal when a bowel movement occurs at least three times a week and no more than three times a day. Accordingly, constipation is the frequency of bowel movements less than three times a week, while increased dryness, hardness of feces. Also, an important diagnostic criterion is a decrease in the frequency of stool habitual for a person.

Intestinal atony is accompanied by symptoms such as cramping abdominal pain, imperative ineffectual urge to defecate, frequent belching, abdominal discomfort, and nausea. Often there is a feeling of heaviness, bloating. Common symptoms are also characteristic: neurovegetative disorders, increased fatigue. Since the absorption of nutrients and vitamins worsens when the processes of abdominal digestion are disturbed, signs of hypovitaminosis are characteristic, anemia is possible due to impaired absorption of iron, and the development of iron deficiency anemia. Complete atony of the intestine leads to intestinal obstruction.

Diagnosis of intestinal atony

If you suspect a violation of the intestinal motility, including the presence of atony, it is necessary to consult a proctologist or gastroenterologist to establish an accurate diagnosis, determine the severity of the disease and the cause of its occurrence. Since self-medication can lead to deterioration and atony!

Doctors easily diagnose atony by asking the patient about the symptoms of the disease that bother him. It is much more difficult to establish the cause of the disease. For this, the following methods of treatment of atony are used:

  • A survey to find out the patient's lifestyle, the characteristics of his diet and hereditary predispositions to atony;
  • Analysis of feces and stool culture;
  • colonoscopy;
  • X-ray (in some cases, X-rays show areas of accumulation of feces, which helps to identify places of possible adhesions or fecal blood clots in the intestine).

Treatment of intestinal atony

Treatment of intestinal atony should be comprehensive and include not only conservative drug therapy, but also nutritional adjustments in conjunction with special exercises.

Drug therapy involves the use of laxatives, cleansing enemas and drugs that increase the tone of the muscles of the intestinal wall and improve its peristalsis. In intestinal atony apply:


  • Espumizan. An agent that prevents bloating by reducing the formation of gases;
  • metoclopramide(tablets and injections). The tool has an antiemetic effect, enhances intestinal motility;
  • Amiridin. The drug improves the transmission of neuromuscular impulses, thereby enhancing the contractile function of the intestine. It is used only under the supervision of a physician;
  • Regulax. Natural herbal preparation based on senna herb. It has a mild laxative effect, helping to remove feces from the intestines;
  • Prozerin. The drug has a pronounced effect, enhances the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses and restores neuromuscular conduction. It is used only in a hospital setting.

An important role in the treatment of intestinal atony is played by adherence to recommendations for proper nutrition and lifestyle. First of all, this is the rejection of bad habits, an active, mobile lifestyle, adherence to the diet. It is best to take food at certain hours, avoiding long breaks.

You need to eat fractionally, every 2-3 hours at least five times a day. So it will be easier to prevent overeating and achieve better absorption of food. Doctors recommend that each patient follow a special diet.

Alternative methods of treatment of intestinal atony


  • A folk remedy for atony is a decoction of a collection of herbs: calamus, buckthorn, mint, nettle, dandelion root and valerian. All plant components are taken in equal parts. Then three full spoons of the mixture are placed in a saucepan and poured with two glasses of water. The composition is placed in a water bath for half an hour and then cooled. The strained remedy is taken in a glass twice a day before meals;
  • With atony, it is recommended to take an infusion of flax seeds. It eliminates spasms in the intestines and stimulates peristalsis. One teaspoon of raw materials is steamed in the morning with 250 milliliters of boiling water in a thermos. When the infusion is infused, it is stirred and drunk along with the seed. The drug should be taken before bedtime;
  • It will improve digestion, remove bloating, pain and normalize intestinal tone - large leaf green tea. You need to grind the leaves into a powdery mass. Every day, three times a day, use the powder in a teaspoon before meals, drinking it with water;
  • In folk medicinal reference books there is a recipe for the treatment of atony with oregano herb. Take 15 grams of vegetable raw materials. Place it in a glass and pour boiling water to the top. They insist. The finished "potion" is taken in a spoon at least 4 times a day.
  • People have long struggled with the disease of "sluggish" intestines with the help of such a recipe. They take one large leaf of aloe. It is cleaned of thorns and crushed into a porridge-like mass. Then 200 grams of honey is put on a steam bath and melted to a liquid state. Mix these two components and let it brew. In a day, the tool will be ready. Take it one spoonful in the morning and evening;
  • Actively affects digestion and emptying the intestines of elderberry. To prepare the remedy, you will need the spring leaves of the plant. They are crushed, poured with honey and insisted on a steam bath. Take a tablespoon four times a day;
  • Treats reduced muscle tone of the gastrointestinal tract, relieves pain, flatulence and improves appetite peppermint with honey. It is necessary to squeeze a glass of juice from the fresh stems of the plant and mix it with the same amount of bee product. At night or in the morning, you should take a spoonful of this extract. This remedy, in addition to a beneficial effect on the intestines, will also remove nausea and increase vitality;
  • For atonic pain and constipation, dried peels (only the green part) of watermelon are used. They are cut with a sharp knife, dried and ground into powder. Two tablespoons of peels are poured into a full cup (300 ml) of boiling water. Allow to cool and take a dessert spoon;
  • Normalizes bowel function with atony rowan. It is necessary to fill a three-liter jar with berries, sprinkling them in layers with sugar. Then close the container and place it in the sun or near warm spring. Shake the berries from time to time. After a short period of time, the sugar will dissolve, but the product is allowed to brew for another three weeks. Then all the syrup is drained and the mountain ash is squeezed out. Add 200 ml of alcohol. Every day before meals, you need to drink a tablespoon of this tincture;
  • Facilitate the passage of gases and the release of the intestines potato juice. It should be prepared in the morning and drink 1 glass. After that, it is recommended to lie in bed on your side for another half an hour. Traditional medicine advises such a cogeneration to be carried out within a week. Then you can take a break for the same period and repeat the course of treatment again;

  • Cope with flatulence, abdominal pain and adjust the stool - dill. To do this, one tablespoon (tablespoon) of dry ground seeds is poured into a cup of hot water. Infused in a warm place. 80 ml is taken every 4 hours;
  • Parsley cures atony. Such a tool is known. Crushed leaves in the amount of one tablespoon pour warm water(glass), put in a water bath and warm. After 20 minutes, the product is filtered. For medicinal purposes, it should be taken in a spoonful every three hours;
  • People with difficult emptying use such a recipe. Stew in a small amount of water or bake in the oven 500 grams of orange pumpkin. Finely cut onion and sauté a little. Boil a glass of beans. All ingredients are combined and stewed for another 5 minutes. Add (optional) seasoning and eat such a product for two weeks;
  • With atony, you should eat half a glass of ripe blackberries daily. It eliminates constipation and has a beneficial effect on peristalsis;
  • In order for the intestines to start working, they do such an exercise. They lie on their back, pull their legs towards themselves and intensively press their fingers on the navel area. When a pulsation appears in this place, you should lie down for 20 minutes. The exercise will soon take effect. Continue to massage daily for a month.

Dietary nutrition for intestinal atony

The diet for intestinal atony involves the rejection of high-calorie and refined foods and an increase in the diet of foods containing dietary fiber and fiber. Vegetables, fruits, sour-milk drinks will help eliminate constipation. It is very useful to use boiled beets, carrots, oranges, pumpkins, herbs, peaches, bread with bran.

At night, you can drink a tablespoon of vegetable oil. In addition, you can take two tablespoons of wheat bran daily at bedtime, they are great for cleansing the intestines. Of the natural laxatives, a good effect is exerted by:

  • prunes,
  • dried apricots,
  • plums,
  • apricots,
  • beet.

Try to avoid fruits that are astringent. These are pomegranates, dogwood, pears, blueberries, bird cherry.

Limit the consumption of vegetables that can cause irritation of the mucous membranes and excessive gas formation. These are cabbage, mushrooms, legumes, garlic, onions, radishes, radishes. Daily consumption of kefir, curdled milk, yogurt, especially those enriched with bifidobacteria, will help improve bowel function. Useful stale bread vegetable soups, sausages, vegetable stew of tomatoes, zucchini, carrots, greens. Cereals (buckwheat, millet, barley), pasta are recommended for consumption. You can eat low-fat boiled meat and fish, low-fat broths.

From the diet it is necessary to exclude flour and confectionery, sweets, spicy, salty, fried foods, smoked meats and lard. Rich broths, rice, legumes, mushrooms, chocolate, strong tea and coffee are removed from the menu.

It is necessary to drink enough liquid per day (1.5-2 liters), this will contribute to better emptying of the intestines. In addition to ordinary drinking water, you can drink juices, compotes, kvass, green and fruit tea, herbal infusions. In the morning before breakfast, it is advisable to drink a glass of mineral water without gas, this will increase intestinal motility.

Try to properly heat-treat products. They are best boiled, steamed, stewed or baked. It is better to exclude fried foods from the diet. Cooked food should be served warm (not hot or cold) so as not to irritate the stomach.

Prevention of intestinal atony

Therapeutic exercise is the best type of physical activity. But it should not be limited to only it. You need to be active and healthy lifestyle life, move more, take long walks on foot, play sports, run, swim.

It is very important to regulate and balance nutrition, exclude harmful, high-calorie foods, increase the consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products. This will help to cope with constipation and improve intestinal motility.

Good intestinal motility ensures the proper functioning of the digestive tract. Violation of contractility leads to the accumulation of toxins, worsening the patient's well-being. Useful substances are not fully absorbed by the body, and this affects the health of all internal organs as well as human appearance.

What is intestinal atony

The intestine has a multilayer complex structure. To perform a motor function and the ability to move lumps of food, it is in constant tone. As a result of the action of adverse factors, its walls can weaken, then a functional disorder will occur, which is called intestinal atony.

Pathology leads to stagnation of feces, symptoms of discomfort, and digestive problems. More often, the process develops slowly, over a long period of time. The main task of the patient during this period is to notice changes in his health and seek medical advice.

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of intestinal atony depend on the degree of neglect of the pathological process. The root cause also plays a role - whether the problem was the result of mechanical damage or a consequence of a malfunction of the nervous system.

The main symptoms of the disease are constipation and digestive dysfunction. Problems with emptying can be expressed in incomplete, difficult or rare act of defecation. Medicine gives a fairly wide range of normal stool frequency - from 3 times a week to three times a day. Going beyond this framework, a person must understand that something is wrong in his body.

Simultaneously with a change in the frequency of emptying, the consistency of excrement delivers discomfort. They become dry, hard, which leads to cracks in the rectum and microtrauma of the intestinal mucosa.

Stagnation of fecal masses and a decrease in the tone of the muscle wall are accompanied by complex symptoms. Patients complain of such discomfort as:

  • Cramping pains.
  • Urge to defecate, which does not end with emptying and does not bring relief.
  • Belching, heartburn.
  • Nausea, a violation of the general condition due to the accumulation of harmful substances and intoxication.
  • Feeling of heaviness, bloating.
  • Increased fatigue.

Objectively, the doctor diagnoses the patient with anemia, nutritional deficiencies, hypovitaminosis, neurovegetative disorders, and changes in complexion.

What causes disease

The weakening of the functional tone of the intestinal wall may occur as a result of pathologies of the muscle layer or problems with the conduction of nerve impulses that provide the contraction mechanism. More often, atony is the result of mild disorders, in particular, an unhealthy lifestyle. Of the main causes that lead to hypotension, there are:

  1. Lack of daily physical activity. It causes weakening of the walls of the organ and peristalsis.
  2. Psycho-emotional stress.
  3. Long-term use of certain medications.
  4. Unhealthy diet, alcohol abuse, smoking.
  5. Hormonal disruptions - endocrine diseases, pregnancy or menopause.
  6. Intestinal infections and other changes in the balance of microflora.
  7. Helminthiasis, which results in mechanical damage, disrupts the absorption of nutrients and water in the large intestine.

Less often, the cause of atony is postoperative complications, a genetic predisposition. A physiological decrease in intestinal tone can be observed in the elderly, which also leads to symptoms of discomfort and affects the health of the whole body.

Atony during pregnancy is often a temporary disorder. It occurs as a result of an increased content of progesterone, as well as mechanical squeezing of the intestine by a growing uterus. Minor dysfunctions are sometimes observed after surgery in the peritoneal region.

Diagnosis of the disease

A gastroenterologist or proctologist will help a patient identify a problem with the intestines. After listening to complaints, the doctor will make an assumption about the cause, after which he will prescribe the necessary examinations.

Of the most informative methods, colonoscopy and bacteriological culture of feces are used. Sometimes x-rays are taken with a contrast agent (barium). First of all, serious pathologies are excluded - cancer, congenital anomalies, mechanical damage. Additionally, you may need to consult a neurologist or psychotherapist.

Treatment of intestinal atony

It is necessary to restore the functional ability of the organ. Without identifying the root cause, this is quite difficult to do, the treatment will only mask the symptoms, but not get rid of the disease.

Therapy of atony is aimed at improving the motor function of the intestine. To do this, doctors prescribe a complex scheme that includes several components.

Medicines

Lifestyle modification is an important, and sometimes even the main, line of therapy. But often you still have to turn to medication. For this, the following drugs can be prescribed:

  • Prokinetics. Stimulate motor skills, improve the movement of food.
  • Cholagogue. Irritate the intestinal walls, accelerate emptying.
  • Laxatives. Most safe means based on lactulose, which can be used for a long time. Thanks to them, bowel movements occur regularly, gently and efficiently.
  • Enzymes. They improve the breakdown of food, complementing the functions of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

All medicines must be prescribed by a doctor, as improper or uncontrolled use will not only be ineffective, but also dangerous.

Phytotherapy

Help get rid of constipation folk remedies. Some medicinal herbs are part of the pharmacy medical fees. You can also buy ready-made raw materials to make a healthy infusion yourself. For symptoms of atonic bowel, it is recommended:

  • Series.
  • Flax seed.
  • Burdock.

Broths are prepared according to the instructions that are written on the packaging with raw materials.

A remedy based on honey with aloe leaves is also popular. To do this, the ingredients are mixed, heated to 40 degrees, after which they insist for a day. You need to take the medicinal mixture before breakfast in a tablespoon.

A complete dish for lunch or dinner can be prepared according to the following recipe: a slice of pumpkin without skin is cut into cubes. Chopped onions are added to it and the beans are pre-boiled. All components are stewed in a deep bowl with a small amount of vegetable oil.

Diet

With mild dysfunctions, a positive result can only be achieved by correcting nutrition. For constipation, dietary table No. 3 is recommended, more precise instructions are given by the doctor individually for each patient.

Fresh vegetables and fruits are included in the diet. The natural process of defecation is stimulated by foods containing anthraglycosides (figs, prunes, beets, dried apricots). Juices with pulp, fermented milk foods and drinks are preferred. Vegetable fats have a laxative effect. Bran and fiber are considered useful for the intestines, which contribute to the swelling of feces, reducing their density, as well as active emptying.

Tea is limited and everything that contains tannin (cocoa, blueberries). The patient should choose a gentle way of cooking (cooking, baking), and also use less seasonings, chemical additives. If possible, meals should be taken as a puree, reducing the portion size, but increasing the frequency of intake.

The best choice is mineral waters, which are able to maintain an optimal balance of electrolytes. The amount of liquid you drink cannot be less than two liters per day. In some patients, constipation occurs due to fluid deficiency, so it is easily corrected by drinking regimen. For other etiologies, a sufficient amount of water will help soften the stool and facilitate the process of emptying.

Physical activity

Bed rest and a sedentary lifestyle negatively affect all muscles, including the intestines. You should fight physical inactivity, do not stay in one position for more than 30 minutes. Gymnastics aimed at strengthening the press and pelvic muscles will help improve intestinal motility:

  • Lying on your back, raise your legs. Imagine riding a bike.
  • Get on your knees and lean on your elbows. Lower your buttocks to the floor while straightening your arms. The exercise is performed first to the right, and then to left side.
  • Get on all fours. Alternately stretch your legs back and bend in the spine. This posture will improve the outflow of blood from the pelvic area, strengthen the muscles of the buttocks and back.

Prognosis and complications

The main part of constipation lends itself well to correction if the patient does not have organic lesions of the intestine, obstruction and other serious diseases. The prognosis of treatment is favorable.

The lack of adequate therapy is dangerous due to the accumulation of feces, a high probability of intoxication, as well as nutritional deficiencies. Doctors consider excess waste main reason face allergies. The patient himself rarely connects these pathologies, choosing the wrong therapy.

The lack of tone of the smooth muscles of the intestine is called atony. Such changes occur due to the influence of any organic or functional factors. Intestinal atony can develop due to the most various diseases internal organs, as well as with an incorrectly composed diet (with a minimum amount of dietary fiber). In addition, the use of certain medications can influence the need for treatment.

Development factors

The most likely causes of the development of intestinal atony and its symptoms were indicated earlier, now I would like to talk about them in more detail. First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to hypodynamia, which provokes not only a decrease in muscle tone in the intestinal area, but also frequent constipation. A sedentary lifestyle also leads to an aggravation of the innervation of the intestinal walls, which significantly reduces the strength and number of peristaltic movements.

Similar consequences, the treatment of which is necessary, can be caused by factors such as an incorrectly composed diet. It's about about the use of high-calorie foods with insufficient absorption of fiber. The reason for the disruption of optimal bowel function may be frequent stressful situations or even a labile nervous system.

Speaking about the use of medicinal components, I would like to note the role of such drugs as antispasmodics, antidepressants, antacids and some other groups of drugs. No less often we are talking about the influence of certain intestinal infections, dysbacteriosis, the presence of helminths that produce substances that inhibit peristalsis. It should be noted that intestinal atony can be formed due to frequent smoking.

The tone may be aggravated due to certain genetic factors, with endocrine pathologies(obesity, hypothyroidism).

Quite often, this happens in any of the trimesters of pregnancy, within the framework of menopause, if any oncological pathologies are present. Intestinal atony may occur after surgical interventions on the peritoneum and with the development of adhesive disease.

As already noted, a pathological condition of varying severity can be identified within pregnancy. This is due to mechanical compression of the intestine. Another factor should be considered a high content of progesterone, one of the effects of which should be considered a relaxation of the smooth muscle tissue of internal organs and even intestinal muscles.

Intestinal atony is also diagnosed in the elderly. This is explained not only by the processes of physiological aging, but also by the high frequency of atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels supplying the body with blood. In order to better understand the disease and know everything about its treatment, it is strongly recommended to pay attention to the symptoms.

Symptoms of intestinal atony

The manifestations of the presented pathological condition can be very different, and the degree of their manifestation depends on a number of factors. Speaking of this, I would like to pay attention to how impaired motor skills are, what are the characteristics of the patient's nervous system, his age category. Symptoms of intestinal atony may be associated with stool retention, a violation of the process of digestion of food. However, the main symptom, which is sometimes treated regardless of the underlying condition, is constipation.

As you know, the norm for bowel movements is at least three repetitions within one week, but not more than three times within 24 hours. At the same time, attention should be paid to the fact that the disease may be accompanied by some additional manifestations, namely, an increased degree of dryness and hardness of feces. Further, I would like to note some additional symptoms that also have a positive effect on the diagnosis in the presented situation:

  1. cramping abdominal pain;
  2. imperative unsuccessful attempts to empty the bowels;
  3. frequent repetition of belching.

Symptoms of hypovitaminosis, anemia due to problems in the process of iron absorption and the formation of iron deficiency anemia can be considered characteristic symptoms. It must also be remembered that the absolute atony of the intestine provokes its obstruction. To determine all the features of the development of the condition, it is strongly recommended to conduct a timely and complete diagnosis.

Diagnostic measures

An obligatory stage in the examination by a gastroenterologist should be considered a conversation with the patient to clarify all the nuances in the state of health. In addition, palpation and examination of the problem area, as well as the implementation of laboratory and instrumental checks, should be considered a prerequisite. Speaking of tests, it is strongly recommended to pay attention to the implementation of the coprogram, checking the condition of the feces for dysbacteriosis. Necessary condition should consider checking the level of thyroid hormones of the thyroid gland.

It will be possible to determine the motor functions of the intestine by X-ray of the passage of barium. In addition, instrumental diagnostics prior to treatment should include irrigoscopy, colonoscopy, and even biopsy. If the diagnosis cannot be confirmed or it raises doubts with a specialist, consultations of a neurologist, psychologists and even a psychotherapist are recommended. This is necessary due to the fact that aggravated intestinal tone can be triggered by psychogenic disorders. Only after the final confirmation of the diagnosis, treatment can begin.

How is intestinal atony treated?

The recovery course is highly recommended to start with a certain diet. In some cases, this is what helps to cope with intestinal atony, if the degree of progression is not significant. Of particular importance in the regulation of bowel movements is given to the mode of drinking water. During the first 24 hours, you need to drink at least two liters (of course, this is true in the absence of kidney disease, cardiovascular system). An excellent option would be the use of mineral water.

In order for the treatment to be complete, it is necessary to attend to the adjustment of the diet. In particular, the maximum eating session should be in the morning, because only in this case the propulsive capacity of the intestine is maximum.

To a large extent, the introduction of bran into the menu optimizes the transit of intestinal contents. So, wheat items must be poured with boiling water and after 20 minutes they can already be added to compositions such as kefir, soups and other dishes. A significant role in the presented situation is assigned to a sufficient level of physical activity. The most important such treatment should be considered for such patients who, due to certain diseases, have been forced to maintain bed rest for a long time. For example, this may occur after a myocardial infarction, stroke, spinal cord injury, and other similar injuries.

No less important is this approach for people who are obese due to total physical inactivity. The introduction of treatment with medications should be carried out exclusively after the previously presented measures and only by a gastroenterologist. Drug therapy for intestinal atony begins with the introduction of prokinetics - medicinal components that increase tone, optimize intestinal motility. The presented effect can boast of cholinesterase inhibitors.

Treatment may also include medicinal components that are characterized by a choleretic effect and have a pronounced obvious effect on the general condition of the intestinal wall. Additional features of the recovery course will be discussed later.

More about treatment

In the vast majority of cases, secretory drugs of plant or synthetic origin are used. Their influence is based on a decrease in the degree of water absorption in the intestinal area, a change in the consistency of feces, and irritation of the chemoreceptors of the mucous membrane. We are talking about such preparations as hay leaves, rhubarb root, castor oil and many others. Speaking about treatment, I would like to draw attention to the fact that:

  • the second group of laxatives should be considered osmotic components. These are lactulose, a non-absorbable disaccharide, and water-retaining high-molecular polymers;
  • the third group includes funds whose algorithm of action is based on a change in the volume of feces. It can be bran, plantain seed, seaweed and other components;
  • the products presented are the only natural laxatives that are suitable for continuous or fairly frequent use. They are not characterized by side effects, but stimulate the intestines in a natural way, namely due to the mechanical effect on the volume of excreted feces.

We are talking about olive or almond oil, liquid paraffin, Proctosedyl.

Forecast and prevention

Intestinal atony is characterized by a favorable prognosis, however, in order to achieve the maximum effect in the future, it is also recommended to follow a diet and monitor the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. An exception can be called an organic lesion of the intestine and a protracted course of the disease. Prevention, which improves treatment, implies not only proper nutrition, but also compliance with optimal physical activity. In addition, one should remember about the early diagnosis and treatment of any pathological conditions that may be the cause of gastrointestinal disorders that cause numerous symptoms.

Important!

HOW TO SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE RISK OF CANCER?

Time limit: 0

Navigation (job numbers only)

0 of 9 tasks completed

Information

TAKE A FREE TEST! Thanks to the detailed answers to all questions at the end of the test, you will be able to REDUCE the likelihood of getting sick at times!

You have already taken the test before. You cannot run it again.

Test is loading...

You must login or register in order to start the test.

You must complete the following tests to start this one:

results

Time is over

    1. Can cancer be prevented?
    The occurrence of a disease such as cancer depends on many factors. No one can be completely safe. But everyone can significantly reduce the chances of a malignant tumor.

    2. How does smoking affect the development of cancer?
    Absolutely, categorically ban yourself from smoking. This truth is already tired of everyone. But quitting smoking reduces the risk of developing all types of cancer. Smoking is associated with 30% of cancer deaths. In Russia, lung tumors kill more people than tumors of all other organs.
    Eliminate tobacco from your life - the best prevention. Even if you smoke not a pack a day, but only half, the risk of lung cancer is already reduced by 27%, as the American Medical Association found.

    3. Does excess weight affect the development of cancer?
    Keep your eyes on the scales! Extra pounds will affect not only the waist. The American Institute for Cancer Research has found that obesity contributes to the development of tumors in the esophagus, kidneys, and gallbladder. The fact is that adipose tissue serves not only to store energy reserves, it also has a secretory function: fat produces proteins that affect the development of a chronic inflammatory process in the body. And oncological diseases just appear against the background of inflammation. In Russia, 26% of all cancer cases are associated with obesity.

    4. Does exercise help reduce the risk of cancer?
    Set aside at least half an hour a week for exercise. Sport is on the same level as proper nutrition when it comes to cancer prevention. In the US, a third of all deaths are attributed to the fact that patients did not follow any diet and did not pay attention to physical education. The American Cancer Society recommends exercising 150 minutes a week at a moderate pace or half as much but more vigorously. However, a study published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer in 2010 proves that even 30 minutes is enough to reduce the risk of breast cancer (which affects one in eight women in the world) by 35%.

    5.How does alcohol affect cancer cells?
    Less alcohol! Alcohol is blamed for causing tumors in the mouth, larynx, liver, rectum, and mammary glands. Ethyl alcohol breaks down in the body to acetaldehyde, which then, under the action of enzymes, turns into acetic acid. Acetaldehyde is the strongest carcinogen. Alcohol is especially harmful to women, as it stimulates the production of estrogen - hormones that affect the growth of breast tissue. Excess estrogen leads to the formation of breast tumors, which means that every extra sip of alcohol increases the risk of getting sick.

    6. Which cabbage helps fight cancer?
    Love broccoli. Vegetables are not only part of a healthy diet, they also help fight cancer. This is why recommendations for healthy eating contain the rule: half of the daily diet should be vegetables and fruits. Especially useful are cruciferous vegetables, which contain glucosinolates - substances that, when processed, acquire anti-cancer properties. These vegetables include cabbage: ordinary white cabbage, Brussels sprouts and broccoli.

    7. Which organ cancer is affected by red meat?
    The more vegetables you eat, the less red meat you put on your plate. Studies have confirmed that people who eat more than 500 grams of red meat per week have a higher risk of developing colon cancer.

    8. Which of the proposed remedies protect against skin cancer?
    Stock up on sunscreen! Women aged 18-36 are particularly susceptible to melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. In Russia, in just 10 years, the incidence of melanoma has increased by 26%, world statistics show an even greater increase. Both artificial tanning equipment and the sun's rays are blamed for this. The danger can be minimized with a simple tube of sunscreen. A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology in 2010 confirmed that people who regularly apply a special cream get melanoma half as often as those who neglect such cosmetics.
    The cream should be chosen with a protection factor of SPF 15, applied even in winter and even in cloudy weather (the procedure should turn into the same habit as brushing your teeth), and also do not expose yourself to sunlight from 10 to 16 hours.

    9. Do you think stress affects the development of cancer?
    By itself, stress does not cause cancer, but it weakens the entire body and creates conditions for the development of this disease. Research has shown that constant worry alters the activity of the immune cells responsible for turning on the fight-and-flight mechanism. As a result, a large amount of cortisol, monocytes and neutrophils, which are responsible for inflammatory processes. And as already mentioned, chronic inflammatory processes can lead to the formation of cancer cells.

    THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME! IF THE INFORMATION WAS NECESSARY, YOU CAN LEAVE A REVIEW IN THE COMMENTS AT THE END OF THE ARTICLE! WE WILL BE THANK YOU!

  1. With an answer
  2. Checked out

  1. Task 1 of 9

    Can cancer be prevented?

  2. Task 2 of 9

    How does smoking affect the development of cancer?

  3. Task 3 of 9

    Does being overweight affect the development of cancer?

  4. Task 4 of 9

    Does exercise help reduce the risk of cancer?

  5. Task 5 of 9

    How does alcohol affect cancer cells?

Intestinal atony is a pathological condition of the large intestine, caused by a low tone of the smooth muscles of the intestinal walls, which leads to a slowdown or complete disappearance of peristaltic movements at a rate of 15–18 contractions per minute. The main manifestation of intestinal atony is frequent prolonged constipation, which is difficult to cope with conventional laxatives.

Causes

Most often, intestinal atony develops against the background of general muscle weakness and impaired conduction of impulses, under the influence of which the smooth muscles of the intestinal wall contract with a sedentary lifestyle, after abdominal operations, and prolonged bed rest.

Another common cause of atonic constipation is an unbalanced diet, especially a lack of fiber and other coarse fibers in the diet against the background of an excess of calories, as well as non-compliance with the water regime. The systematic lack of fluid is compensated by the active absorption of moisture, which leads to compaction of the feces. Education a large number toxic compounds during putrefaction of undigested food residues, in turn, prevents the perception of impulses by muscle cells. Sometimes the movement of feces is limited by mechanical obstacles: diverticula, additional pockets of the large intestine, adhesions, coprolites (fecal stones), neoplasms, squeezing the rectal wall by other organs, etc.

Also, a number of factors that influence the processes of neurohumoral regulation of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract are involved in the development of intestinal atony:

  • abuse of laxatives;
  • prolonged fasting;
  • taking certain medications (painkillers, antacids, antidepressants, antiulcer and antiepileptic drugs, etc.);
  • prolonged stress;
  • diseases of the anorectal region, prompting the patient to postpone going to the toilet;
  • bad habits: smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, use of morphine-type drugs;
  • intestinal infections and changes in intestinal microbiocenosis;
  • helminthiases (the waste products of some helminths contain substances that inhibit peristalsis);
  • endocrine disorders and electrolyte imbalance;
  • traumatic injuries or degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine and spinal cord, as well as;
  • pregnancy. Intestinal atony in pregnant women - by-effect relaxing effect of progesterone on smooth muscle.

Sometimes the tendency to atonic constipation is hereditary. Cases of intestinal atony in close relatives are an occasion to think about prevention.

Forms

Depending on the degree of inhibition of the motor-evacuation function of the large intestine, there are full and partial forms of intestinal atony. The most common is partial intestinal atony - slowing down and weakening of peristaltic movements, which leads to chronic constipation. Complete intestinal atony is characterized by an absolute absence of peristalsis and paralytic ileus.

The main manifestation of intestinal atony are frequent prolonged constipation, which is difficult to cope with conventional laxatives.

If, against the background of stool and gas retention, acute abdominal pains are observed, there is reason to suspect a surgical pathology - diverticulosis, intestinal volvulus, intestinal infarction and others pathological conditions threatening the patient's life. The patient should be taken to a hospital as soon as possible.

Symptoms of intestinal atony

A specific sign of intestinal atony is chronic constipation, which is characterized by a long and persistent course. In some cases, a "lazy bowel syndrome" develops, in which the patient is unable to defecate on his own.

Constipation in this case is considered not only a long stool retention, in which there is no bowel movement for two or more days. The probable symptoms of intestinal atony with regular stools are quite diverse:

  • feeling of discomfort and straining during bowel movements;
  • insufficient bowel movement;
  • streaks of blood in the stool;
  • compaction and hardening of feces;
  • so-called. sheep feces - the allocation of a small amount of dense dry excrement.

If there is no stool for more than three days, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the large intestine develops, which prevents the absorption of nutrients. In parallel, the optimal balance of the intestinal microflora is disturbed: the active reproduction of putrefactive bacteria inhibits the vital activity of beneficial microorganisms. As a result, there are signs of indigestion and general intoxication of the body caused by the absorption of toxic products of decay of the intestinal contents:

  • weakness and apathy;
  • irritability and fatigue;
  • frequent headaches;
  • pallor and/or yellowish complexion;
  • pain and a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, disappearing after defecation;
  • purulent rashes on the skin.
Persistent constipation caused by intestinal atony seriously impairs the patient's quality of life. Patients become lethargic and apathetic, or, on the contrary, irritable and touchy, the patient's emotional lability prevents full communication and public life.

Features of the course of intestinal atony in the elderly and children

Intoxication of the body with prolonged constipation is especially pronounced in children and the elderly: it is possible to increase body temperature to 37 ° C or more, the appearance of nausea and vomiting. In elderly people, blood pressure rises sharply.

Intestinal atony is widespread in older age groups. The tendency to muscle wasting is one of the manifestations of aging, and older people tend to lead a sedentary lifestyle, and the options for dietary therapy for the elderly are limited. In particular, it is not recommended to increase the intake of fiber without consulting a doctor, since in chronic constipation, eating a large amount of coarse fiber foods can worsen the patient's condition.

Atonic constipation, first manifested in old age, is sometimes the result of abnormal lengthening of the sigmoid colon or sclerotic changes in the mesenteric arteries, which can lead to mesenteric thrombosis. To exclude surgical and vascular pathology in case of intestinal atony in the elderly, a consultation with a phlebologist and proctologist is mandatory.

In young children, atonic constipation often occurs with a sharp change in diet during weaning, as well as on psychogenic grounds. At the same time, intestinal atony must be differentiated from intestinal obstruction and congenital anomalies in the structure of the large intestine.

To prevent "lazy bowel syndrome" prescribe laxatives and apply enemas to children with great care and only as directed by a doctor. Means of irritant action are contraindicated in small patients; usually prescribe osmotic preparations based on lactulose and glycerin suppositories that stimulate reflex emptying of the intestine.

Diagnostics

Intestinal atony is diagnosed by a therapist or gastroenterologist on the basis of anamnesis data, a study of the patient's diet and lifestyle, and the clinical picture. To identify the causes of the weakening of the tone of the intestinal walls and develop the most effective therapeutic strategy, a comprehensive examination of the intestine using instrumental and laboratory techniques is necessary.

The most informative method for studying the motor function of the large intestine is irrigoscopy - a contrast radiography of the colon after a barium enema, which qualitatively visualizes hard-to-reach areas of the intestine that are inaccessible for colonoscopy (folds of the mucous membrane, bends of the colon and sigmoid colon, etc.). If perforation or obstruction of the large intestine is suspected, a water-soluble contrast agent is administered instead of a barium suspension. After emptying the intestines, a study of the relief of the mucous membrane of the colon is carried out. If necessary for better visualization inner wall intestine, oxygen is pumped into the intestinal lumen.

Endoscopic examination of the colon with biopsy sampling is advisable for differential diagnosis with oncopathology, Crohn's disease and other diseases characterized by specific changes in the intestinal epithelium.

Most often, intestinal atony develops against the background of general muscle weakness and impaired conduction of impulses, under the influence of which the smooth muscles of the intestinal wall contract with a sedentary lifestyle, after abdominal operations, and prolonged bed rest.

Treatment of intestinal atony

The first step to restore normal intestinal motility should be a nutritional correction. With atonic constipation, it is shown to study the diet and lifestyle of the patient therapeutic diet No. 3: the basis of the diet is dairy and vegetable, while it is necessary to exclude astringent products stimulating gas formation from the menu, and also reduce the calorie content of dishes. First of all, rich soups, meat and fish smoked meats and canned food, mushrooms, legumes, whole milk, hard-boiled eggs, strong tea and coffee, as well as some fruits and berries - dogwood, blueberries, pears, pomegranate, cabbage, radish, onion and garlic. To compensate for the deficiency of fiber and pectin, the menu includes wheat bran, wholemeal bread, buckwheat porridge, fresh fruits and vegetables, vegetable oils and gourds. Especially useful are apricots, plums, melons, apples, rhubarb and seaweed, which have a mild laxative effect.

In addition, you will have to seriously limit the consumption of instant carbohydrates - chocolate, white bread, pastries and confectionery. Sweet carbonated drinks and industrial juices are recommended to be replaced with water, compote and fruit drinks; at the same time, you should drink at least 1.5–2 liters of fluid per day. The normalization of peristalsis also contributes to a fractional diet with meals at the same time.

An increase in physical activity will help to quickly adjust the chair in patients leading a sedentary lifestyle. A good effect on intestinal atony is given by walking, swimming, dancing and yoga, as well as performing special exercises for the muscles of the abdominal wall and abdominal massage.

Drug treatment of intestinal atony involves the use of only mild laxatives. Preference is given to drugs of osmotic and prokinetic action and choleretic agents. According to indications, cholinesterase inhibitors may be included in the therapeutic regimen; with severe pain in the abdomen, antispasmodics are additionally prescribed. In order to prevent intestinal dysbiosis, the use of enemas for intestinal atony is not recommended; it is permissible to use oil suppositories and microclysters that facilitate the evacuation of feces.

Sometimes the tendency to atonic constipation is hereditary. Cases of intestinal atony in close relatives are an occasion to think about prevention.

With severe intoxication, it is advisable to conduct detoxification therapy and deep intestinal lavage through hydrocolonotherapy, subaqueous baths and intestinal irrigation. When intestinal obstruction, neoplasms and anatomical abnormalities of the intestine are detected, surgical intervention may be required.

Prevention

Prevention of intestinal atony is not difficult. It is enough to lead an active lifestyle, control body weight, give up bad habits, avoid stress if possible and monitor nutrition, avoiding a deficiency of ballast substances, vitamins and minerals. At the same time, it is important to eat in small portions 5-6 times a day, adhere to the optimal drinking regime and avoid large intervals between meals.

In order to prevent intestinal dysbiosis, you should not take antibiotics without consulting your doctor. It is desirable for children to be taught to visit the toilet at the same time and not to suppress the urge to defecate out of false shame at school or kindergarten.

Consequences and complications

Persistent constipation caused by intestinal atony seriously impairs the patient's quality of life. Patients become lethargic and apathetic, or, on the contrary, irritable and touchy, the patient's emotional lability prevents full communication and social life. The appearance of the patient also leaves much to be desired: the complexion worsens, skin rashes and bad breath appear, skin diseases can worsen.

The putrefactive processes caused by coprostasis upset the balance of the intestinal microflora and depress the immune system, provoke allergic and atopic conditions, and due to a violation of the absorption process in the intestines, people prone to atonic constipation often experience beriberi and iron deficiency anemia. In the absence of adequate treatment against the background of intestinal atony, intestinal obstruction may develop, causing severe intoxication of the body.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

Intestinal atony is a fairly common problem that is diagnosed in both adult patients and young children. The disease is accompanied by a decrease in the tone of the intestinal wall, resulting in a serious violation of peristalsis. Patients suffer from If left untreated, atony can lead to damage to the intestinal walls.

Of course, many people are looking for additional information about the disease. Why does intestinal atony develop? What to do in such cases? How dangerous can pathology be? What symptoms should be looked out for? The answers to these questions are important for many patients.

General information about the disease

Intestinal atony in humans is a pathology that is accompanied by a decrease in the tone of the smooth muscles of the digestive tract. Against the background of such changes, intestinal motility is disturbed, as a result of which the rate of movement of food masses to the final sections of the digestive tube (to the rectum) slows down significantly.

As you know, normally each part of the colon makes about 14 peristaltic contractions per minute. If this indicator falls, then feces begin to accumulate in the intestines. That is why the main problem faced by patients is constant, chronic constipation. This pathology is diagnosed not only in adults and elderly patients - newborn children often become victims of the disease.

The main causes of the development of pathology

Symptoms of intestinal atony can be different. In this case, everything depends on the stage of development of the disease and the degree of weakening of the walls of the digestive tract:

  • The main symptom of atony is constipation. Such a violation is said if defecation occurs less than once every 2-3 days. Problems with emptying are directly related to the violation of the peristalsis of the intestinal wall.
  • Patients complain of bloating, discomfort and even abdominal pain. The list of symptoms includes flatulence.
  • Since, against the background of atony, the body processes of absorption of the gland are disturbed, anemia may develop. The disease is accompanied by severe weakness, insomnia, increased irritability, dizziness. The patient's skin becomes pale.
  • Against the background of prolonged constipation, hard fecal stones form in the intestines, which can damage the mucous membrane of the rectum (small bleeding is possible during defecation).
  • Due to the accumulation of feces in the intestines, putrefactive processes are activated. Toxins and harmful substances enter the bloodstream, which is accompanied by fever, nausea, weakness and other symptoms of intoxication.
  • Atony and constipation lead to a violation of the composition of the intestinal microflora. This is fraught with a significant decrease in activity. immune system as well as allergic reactions.

When such signs appear, you should definitely consult a doctor. Under no circumstances should the problem be ignored.

In no case should you ignore such a disease. Left untreated, intestinal atony can lead to dangerous consequences.

Fecal masses accumulate in the intestines, which sometimes leads to the formation of fecal stones. In addition, if there is no bowel movement for a long time, then toxins begin to accumulate in the body, which in some cases get back into the blood. The absorption of vitamins and some other useful substances occurs precisely in the large intestine - atony is often associated with severe forms of beriberi.

Chronic constipation can lead to the development of hemorrhoids, the formation of anal fissures. It is believed that intestinal atony in the absence of timely therapy increases the risk of developing cancer. It has been proven that such a pathology, in the presence of other prerequisites, can lead to the development inflammatory diseases intestines.

And do not forget that constant constipation is accompanied by discomfort, abdominal pain, bloating, and this simply cannot but affect the emotional and mental state of the patient.

Diagnostic measures

In this case, diagnosis is extremely important. The doctor needs not only to confirm the presence of atony, but also to find out the causes of its occurrence.

  • It is mandatory to collect an anamnesis. During a general examination, the doctor collects information not only about the presence of certain symptoms, but also about the patient's lifestyle, his daily diet, and other aspects. On palpation, you can notice that the patient's abdomen is swollen.
  • A coprogram is being carried out. Feces are examined for traces of blood, as well as helminths and protozoa. Sometimes bacteriological culture is additionally performed (this helps to assess the composition of the natural microflora, to determine the presence of a fungal or bacterial infection).
  • Patients are shown irrigoscopy and contrast radiography - this helps the doctor evaluate the work of the intestine, determine the presence of organic lesions.
  • Sometimes a colonoscopy is additionally performed (with the help of endoscopic equipment, the doctor examines the colon) and a biopsy (if malignant neoplasms are suspected).

Drug therapy: what helps with atony?

Treatment of intestinal atony must be comprehensive. Depending on the presence of certain symptoms, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate medications:

  • Widely used "Pancreatin", "Festal" and other enzyme drugs that improve digestion.
  • In the presence of bloating, patients are prescribed "Espumizan" - the drug reduces the volume of gases formed, thereby relieving discomfort in the abdomen.
  • "Prozerin" with intestinal atony is also effective. This medicine improves neuromuscular conduction, accelerates the process of transmission of nerve impulses to the intestinal wall, thereby increasing motility. The drug is used only in a hospital setting.
  • The drug "Metoclopramide" will also help to strengthen intestinal motility.
  • Sometimes laxatives are used. A good option in this case is Regulax, which contains senna extract. The medicine softens the stool and facilitates the process of their discharge.

Of course, only a doctor can select drugs for intestinal atony. Do not try to cope with the disease on your own.

Proper diet for patients with atony

Diet for intestinal atony is extremely important. With the help of a properly composed diet, you can relieve the burden on the digestive organs and improve intestinal motility:

  • Sugar, pastries, fatty meats and other high-calorie foods should be excluded from the diet.
  • Useful for constipation are carrots, boiled beets, pumpkin, bread with bran, herbs, as well as plums, dried apricots, prunes.
  • It is worth giving up fruits and berries, which turn out to be an astringent. Pears, dogwood, blueberries, pomegranate have such properties.
  • It is recommended to limit the amount of foods such as radishes, cabbage, garlic, legumes, mushrooms, radishes, onions in the diet, as they irritate the intestinal mucosa and activate gas formation processes.
  • Dairy products will help improve digestion. The menu must include kefir, yogurt, yogurt. They not only help fight constipation, but also support the vital activity of beneficial intestinal microflora.
  • Broths, meat and fish can and should be included in the diet, but only low-fat varieties. They are best baked or steamed - fried foods are prohibited.
  • Porridges, in particular, millet, buckwheat, barley, will be useful.
  • The menu needs to be enriched with vegetable oils. Before going to bed, doctors recommend taking a spoonful of olive (or other) vegetable oil - this will help eliminate problems with the stool.
  • Chocolate, coffee, strong tea, rice and rich broths should be abandoned at least for a while.
  • It is very important to monitor the drinking regimen. You need to drink at least 1.5-2 liters of pure water per day. Doctors recommend drinking a glass of non-carbonated mineral water in the morning - this will help start intestinal motility.
  • Food should not be too hard, cold or, conversely, hot - this only irritates the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.

Other therapeutic measures

As already mentioned, intestinal atony requires an integrated therapeutic approach. In addition to diet, physical activity is an important part of treatment. Suitable for swimming, long walks. Useful are exercises that are aimed at strengthening the abdomen. The contraction of the abdominal wall stimulates the intestines, helps to get rid of gases, improves blood circulation.

In addition, regular abdominal massage will be useful - it is better to entrust this to an experienced massage therapist.

Intestinal atony: folk remedies

You already know why the disease develops and what symptoms it accompanies. Medical treatment of intestinal atony, coupled with the right diet, will certainly have an effect. But therapy can be supplemented with some home-made products (with the permission of the doctor, of course):

  • Large-leaf green tea is a good remedy for intestinal atony. The leaves need to be crushed in a coffee grinder, and the resulting “Dust” should be taken four times a day (before meals) in half a teaspoon.
  • A decoction of flax seeds is also considered useful, which, by the way, has a beneficial effect not only on the intestines, but also on the mucous membranes of the stomach. A tablespoon of seeds should be poured with a glass of hot water, then put on fire and bring to a boil. The dishes are then covered with a lid, wrapped in a terry towel or blanket and infused for an hour. The broth does not need to be filtered - the medicine is taken together with the seeds, three tablespoons three times a day.
  • A decoction of dry grass of the series also helps (sold in a pharmacy). Two tablespoons of raw materials are poured into 0.5 liters of water, put on a small fire and brought to a boil. The broth should be infused for at least 30 minutes - then it can be filtered. The medicine is taken twice a day in a glass.
  • Porridge made from pumpkin will help to cope with constipation.
  • From time to time it is worth preparing a salad of boiled beets with prunes, dressing it vegetable oil It also helps to improve the bowel movement.

Of course, before starting any medication traditional medicine you need to consult a specialist.

Prevention: how to prevent the development or complication of the disease?

Unfortunately, there are no specific drugs that would make it possible to avoid the development of the disease. Prevention in this case comes down to very simple measures:

  • The right diet is important. The diet must contain vitamins, minerals and vegetable fibers that stimulate intestinal motility. By the way, some foods (for example, beets, prunes) help to cope with constipation and improve the functioning of the digestive tract.
  • Therapeutic exercises, regular walks, swimming, in a word, any physical activity will have a positive effect on the work of the intestines.
  • Of course, all diseases of the digestive tract must be treated in a timely manner.

If you notice a symptom of intestinal atony, you should definitely contact a specialist. The sooner therapy is started, the less likely it is to develop various complications.