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The norm of the heating temperature in the apartment in winter. Batteries in apartments: accepted temperature standards. The temperature in the apartment

The temperature regime of the apartment depends on many factors. Therefore, it is necessary to check it regularly and, if necessary, make changes. How to do it right - later in the article.

The microclimate of the premises can significantly affect the health of residents. There are certain norms according to SanPiN and GOST regulations temperature regime different rooms. Therefore, you need to know what air temperature should be in the apartment in each of the rooms:

Infographic: temperature standards for different rooms

  • Bedroom, children's and other rooms for sleeping - a temperature indicator of 17-18 degrees. Thus, it will be possible to avoid causeless headaches and insomnia;
  • In the kitchen, the best indicator would be 18-19 degrees, because. this room is equipped with appliances like kitchen stove, microwave, electric kettle and others that generate heat;
  • Hall, living room and other rooms - the optimum temperature is 18-22 degrees;
  • Children's room should have an indicator of 21-22 degrees. If the baby's room, then it should be warmer - up to 24 degrees;

The temperature in the nursery should be higher than in the adult bedroom

  • The bathroom is the wettest room, so the indicator should be 24-26. In this way, dampness and health problems associated with showering in the cold can be avoided.

Comfortable temperature in the apartment is a uniform distribution of heat throughout the room. The temperature difference between neighboring rooms should not exceed 2-3 degrees.

Video: what temperature is optimal for a children's room

Temperature Determinants

The room air temperature depends on many external and internal factors. They play a significant role external factors such as climate and the change of seasons.

The optimum temperature in an apartment in the northern region is significantly different from the southern. Speaking of climate, we mean not only air temperature, but also humidity and pressure. At high humidity, the optimum temperature is higher.

The temperature in the apartment during the heating season is lower than in summer. The weather outside significantly affects the microclimate inside the apartment. Average rates for different seasons:

  • Cold time: 19−22 degrees;
  • Hot time: 22-25 degrees.

Due to seasonality and temperature fluctuations, many people may feel discomfort.

The human factor also significantly affects the determination of the normal temperature in the house. If a newborn child lives in the apartment, then temperature fluctuations and too low or high rates must be excluded. If there are problems with heating, then it is necessary to draw up an act of measurement DHW temperature in an apartment, a sample of which is easy to find on the Internet.

Influence of internal factors on temperature

Features of the room and the heating system determine the temperature in the apartment in winter and summer. The microclimate is affected by:

  • Heat loss. To reduce heat loss, insulation, cladding of the house and installation of energy-saving double-glazed windows are carried out. Windows play a big role in saving heat;

Temperature distribution chart in the apartment

  • The volume of elements of the heating system. Large batteries provide significantly more heat. If you decide to add sections, it is better to contact a specialist. Adding new sections will lower the pressure in the heat exchanger system. Such heating is uneven and inefficient;
  • The speed of the heating system. Directly depends on the pressure in the system. Slow circulation of the coolant contributes to heat loss;
  • System layout. The wiring of heating pipes is a serious process that determines the temperature in the apartment. The problem may be in the wiring diagram itself, the installation of system elements and the appropriate pipe diameter.

Important: if part of the battery is cold, you need to contact a specialist to check the whole system. The battery must be heated evenly.

Measurement of heat in the room and registration of the act

The temperature of the apartment is measured in several rooms. It is necessary to measure the temperature on a not sunny day in order to exclude additional heating of the room. All windows and Entrance door must be closed for measurement accuracy. If, after self-determination of the temperature, the indicators are below the permissible values, you should contact the emergency service. Workers arrive at the site and carry out a control measurement. Based on it, an act of measuring the DHW temperature is drawn up, which indicates:

  • the date;
  • description of the apartment;
  • a list of members of the inspection commission and their signatures;
  • registration and other documents of the device for measurements;
  • temperature indicators

Sample act of measuring the temperature in the apartment

You need to measure the temperature yourself correctly. For this, an ordinary thermometer is used. For accurate measurements, the device must not be lowered below 1.5 m from the floor, and kept closer than 1 m from outer wall. The accuracy class of the device must be at least 0.1. A thermometer of this class has a special passport, which certifies the correctness of the readings.

Temperature in one-room apartment, the window of which is larger than 30% of the wall area, can be measured once, away from the window.

Temperature control

Modern technology allows you to clearly control the temperature of the room. But even without the use of complex technologies, humanity has long been regulating the microclimate. If the apartment is hot, it is enough to open the window so that cold air currents fill the room. To increase the air temperature in the apartment, convectors with incandescent spirals, electric fireplaces and other heating devices are used.

Air conditioners, split systems, climate control devices allow you to increase or decrease the level of heat in the apartment, creating a favorable temperature for people.

The thermostat allows you to maintain the desired temperature in the heating system

Modern batteries are equipped with a special regulator, which is extremely easy to manage. The valve is attached directly to the place where the coolant is supplied to the battery, and regulates the flow of hot substance in the system.

Recommendation: modern batteries are not only practical, but also economical. The use of new materials and methods of wiring channels in the heat exchanger allows you to warm it up to the maximum at minimal cost energy.

The effect of temperature on the well-being of residents

The normal temperature for each person is different. However, it is imperative to adhere to the norms, and not personal preferences, since adverse temperatures can adversely affect a person. A significant difference in heat in the street and indoors can lead to:

  • overheating;
  • hypothermia.

Unfavorable sleeping temperature annoying nervous system human body. Sudden changes affect the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is so important to know how many degrees of heat are optimal in a room in winter, and how much in summer.

Overheating of the body

Pathogenic bacteria multiply favorably in a warm environment. As a result, people are often infectious diseases summer. The cardiovascular system a person works intensively in a hot atmosphere, as the blood thickens. Because of this, there are problems with blood pressure and heart.

When overheated, the body loses moisture through its abundant secretion from the sebaceous glands. In this case, severe dehydration can occur, as a result of a violation of the water-salt balance of the body.

Dry air at high temperatures can also cause many diseases, in particular respiratory problems. All kinds of allergic reactions are more destructive to a dehydrated body.

Hypothermia of the body

Hypothermia, in the people hypothermia, negatively affects the body holistically, and can cause many diseases. A supercooled organism is not able to generate sufficient temperature for full functioning. Body temperature in such cases is below 36.0 degrees. The children's body is not capable of high heat transfer, so the temperature drop in children occurs much faster.

Against the background of hypothermia, respiratory diseases can easily develop. Chronic forms of diseases are not uncommon, since the long-term effect of low temperature on the body is destructive to all life support systems.

If the temperature in the apartment is slightly below normal, people who are healthy in body get hardened, which actively increases immunity.

Video: temperature standards in the apartment

Unacceptable temperature in the apartment negatively affects the health of residents. Therefore, it is important to know how to correctly measure the temperature of the room, and whether it is acceptable for living. If the thermometer reading is below or above normal, it is necessary to take measures regarding temperature adjustment. It is necessary to carefully monitor the temperature of housing if an infant or child lives in it. preschool age because they are the most temperature sensitive.


Temperature standards in a residential area are set in order to provide comfortable conditions for human life during the cold season.

Heating in apartment buildings is provided by public utilities. Unfortunately they keep current legislation far from always. If the temperature in the apartment is not observed, then its owner has the right to file a complaint with the relevant public service.

Standard temperature in residential premises

To date, the procedure and specifics of central heating is regulated by SanPiN documents. All the necessary data are collected in Decree No. 354 of 05/06/2011. If necessary, a person can go to court at any time if these rules and regulations are not observed.

The temperature norm in the apartment according to SNIP is set as follows:

  • At least 18˚С.
  • AT corner room not less than 20˚С.
  • It is allowed to decrease the temperature by 3˚С at night.

Sanitary standards in the apartment must also comply with the used heating appliances. For example, the temperature of the water heater cannot be more than 90˚C.

Factors affecting the temperature in the apartment

The temperature of the indoor air in winter is important. It is formed not only through the influence of heating devices. The following factors should also be taken into account:

  1. Climatic conditions of a particular region. The minimum temperature plays an important role.
  2. Season. Premises are heated not only in winter. The devices also work in spring and autumn. At the same time, the temperature indicators during this period are different.
  3. Human factor or individual preferences.
  4. The materials used to build the house. Today, quite often an additional layer of insulation or waterproofing is used.

The permissible temperature of the wall in the apartment, according to current standards, should not be lower than 20 ° C. Otherwise, it will not be possible to create comfortable living conditions in the room. It is also affected by weather and dew point.

Norms of temperature regimes in various rooms

The optimal temperature in the apartment is a subjective concept, which depends on the individual preferences and habits of the owner. Feelings should not cause discomfort. Otherwise, the person will feel bad.

Temperature indicators are considered acceptable if they comply with the established current legislation:

Any residential type premises - at least 18 ° C.
The room between two neighboring apartments is at least 16°C.
Kitchen - at least 18 ° C.
Toilet, bathroom - at least 18 ° C.
Entrance lobby or staircase— not less than 14°C.
Storage room - at least 12 ° C.

In our separate note, you can also find out the recommended indoor humidity standards. These norms also significantly affect a person's comfortable perception of the microclimate in the room.

Influence of humidity on the comfortable state of a person at the same temperature

The ideal temperature in a child's room

Pediatric sources advise to be attentive to the temperature regime of the baby. Overheating or hypothermia can adversely affect its general condition. The temperature in the child's bedroom should be 18 ° -20 ° C. Thanks to this, all biochemical processes in his body will proceed normally.

Dr. E.O. Komarovsky warns that the increase is dangerous and can lead to failures.

However, it is necessary to increase the intensity of the heating system for a newborn who was born ahead of schedule. For its development, it is necessary to create certain conditions that the pediatrician will tell the parents in more detail.

Optimum temperature during the heating season

Residents of our country are seeing an increase in utility bills every year. In such a crisis, they give away a significant part of the budget and want to know that they will be in comfortable conditions in the winter. Unfortunately, public utilities do not always do their job conscientiously. That is why it is important to know what the temperature in the apartment should be during the heating season in the apartment.

The relationship between the owner of this service is regulated by GOST R 51617-2000. It specifies each period of the year and general technical conditions.

In winter, a range of 18° to 25° C must be observed.

When deviating from the norm comfortable accommodation in an apartment is hard to imagine.

The importance of maintaining a comfortable temperature

Against the background of heat in the room, a favorable environment is created for the growth and development of bacteria harmful to the human body. Wherein normal temperature does not worsen the work of the heart. The heat thickens the blood and makes the internal organs work in an intensive mode. Constant exposure leads to dehydration, which provokes nervous tension.

Hypothermia or hypothermia quite often acts as an impetus to the development of a cold. It is important that the body temperature does not fall below 36 degrees. Hypothermia is especially dangerous for children. Their body has a small heat transfer, so it cannot recover quickly.

Rules for measuring the temperature in the room

The rules for measuring air temperature are very important, because only if they are observed will it be possible to obtain the correct result. To perform the manipulation, you need the usual mercury thermometer for internal use. It should be located away from heating appliances. The optimal solution its placement in a suspended form is considered stationary.

Temperature measurement in accordance with current regulations must be carried out with a registered device. Today, there are many devices on sale that have a high level of accuracy. It must be located at least 1.5 meters from the floor. At the same time, at least 1 meter must also remain to the outer wall. An accurate result can only be obtained if the thermometer stays in the selected position for at least 10 minutes.

Indoor climate control

The indoor climate is regulated not only by the heating system. Attention should also be paid to the following factors.

  • Ventilation provides the necessary air exchange. Oxygen enters the room and carbon dioxide leaves. The latter factor negatively affects a person’s well-being and can cause severe headaches. An inlet valve can solve problems. He will block the exit. warm air from the premises. At the same time, oxygen is supplied in sufficient quantities.
  • Central heating significantly reduces the humidity in the room. For elimination negative effect recommended to purchase special devices. They periodically spray moisture into the environment.
  • In the bathroom, hot water from the tap causes condensation to accumulate on the walls, which can lead to the formation of mold or fungus. Correctly organized ventilation helps to solve the situation. Experts advise installing a small hood.

Responsibility of utilities for violation of temperature standards

Violation of the temperature standard not only causes discomfort, but can also lead to an exacerbation of a number of chronic diseases. If the utilities did not check the functioning of the system on time, then the residents of the house have the right to file a complaint. It initiates verification by the regulatory authorities of the validity of this application.

The responsibility of utilities for violation of the temperature standard is reduced to the need to recalculate the cost of services already provided. In addition, they are also required to eliminate all system malfunctions. After the work is completed, the microclimate of the room is re-checked. The result is recorded in a special act.

If violations were found in the central heating system, then the tenant of the apartment has the right to claim a recalculation of the amount accrued to him in the amount of 0.15 for one hour of use. Thanks to this, payment can be reduced by 90% in 28 days. However, to obtain such a decision, you will need to contact statement of claim to court.

In practice, there are many examples of poor-quality provision of heating services for entire houses. Residents can file a class action complaint that will allow them to receive their legal redress.

To assert your rights, it is recommended to contact the regulatory authorities. The application may indicate several tenants at once who are not satisfied with the service of the communal organization. If she refuses to perform repairs or inspections, then a lawsuit is filed in court.

Conclusion

The norms and rules of the current legislation are specially designed to protect people. That is why he can always rely on them when defending his own interests. Only in this case it will be comfortable to live in this area.

If poor-quality performance of heating services is revealed, then it is required to immediately report this to the service organization. To do this, an audit report is drawn up, which is attached to the complaint in writing.

There are also cases of low temperatures in the private sector. To identify problems, you will need to check the heaters that are currently in use. There are modern methods that will allow in a short time and with minimum investment increase the efficiency of each battery. Radiators are recommended to be replaced with more modern devices. Thanks to this, it will be possible to achieve results and create comfort for all family members.

With the onset of the heating season, the issue of the temperature climate in a residential building becomes especially relevant. It often happens that the temperature of the walls in the apartment according to the norms and the actual temperature are very different from each other, which is a violation on the part of utilities. And what should the temperature of the walls be in the apartment and how to measure the temperature of the walls in the apartment?

The temperature of the walls in the room

The permissible temperature of the wall in the apartment in winter is regulated at the legislative level. Standards are allocated according to GOST, SNiP (building codes and rules) and sanitary standards.

The temperature of the walls in the apartment should be such that it is comfortable to be in the room. The main heating of the apartment during the cold season should be carried out mainly due to central heating, which is provided by the municipal services of the city.

What temperature should the walls be in the apartment?

According to legislative documents on the heat supply of residential premises, the average temperature in apartments in cold and warm seasons should be approximately 20-23 degrees. This temperature is considered comfortable for life.

Indeed, if such a microclimate is maintained in a residential building, a child and an adult can live in it. But not always the real indicators of the temperature of the walls and air in the apartments correspond to the established standards. This happens especially often during the heating season. Residents' apartments do not warm up well enough, although they charge a lot for heating.

For the most part, utility specialists are not based on the temperature of the walls, but on the general air temperature in the room. Batteries may not warm up the walls enough, but they heat the air well (subject to a normal flow of hot water and the absence of air). It is also taken into account that the walls are actively cooled from the outside, so the temperature of the walls in the room may differ from the air temperature.

How is the temperature of the walls in the apartment measured? Measurement is done at special points. The temperature indicator is not measured in close proximity to walls or windows. In most cases, a point is selected that is 1.5 meters above the floor and 1 meter from the outer wall. It is noteworthy that if the air temperature does not meet the established norm, the payment for heat supply is reduced by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with the norms established by the state.

The temperature of the walls in the apartment according to the norms of SNiP

The temperature of the walls in the apartment according to the norms of SNiP practically does not differ from the established norms. According to building codes and regulations number 2.04.05–91, the temperature in the living room should not fall below 20 degrees.

It is worth considering that the permissible temperature of the walls in an apartment according to the norms of SNiP strongly depends on the ambient temperature and the so-called dew point.

The norm of the temperature of the walls in the apartment according to SanPin

The temperature of the walls in the apartment according to sanitary standards in the living room is 24 degrees Celsius. It should be noted that only the upper temperature limit is indicated in sanitary standards. As for living rooms (regardless of their type), the temperature is the same.

In general, the temperature of the walls in the apartment, according to sanitary standards, practically does not differ in any way from the norms that are indicated in the building regulations and the interstate standard. In any case, the indicator of air temperature and walls in apartments is identical in all legislative documents.

In more detail, the upper and lower limits of temperature standards are prescribed in GOSTs. There is less information in the SanPin and SNiP documents.

The temperature of the walls in the apartment in winter

The temperature of the walls in the GOST (30494-2011) apartment depends on the type of room and the season. For cold seasons (from the moment the heating is turned on), the norms are as follows:

  • living quarters
    20-22 degrees
  • Residence in the northern region
    21-23 degrees
  • Kitchen
    19-21 degrees
  • Toilet
    19-21 degrees
  • Combined bathroom and bathroom
    24-26 degrees
  • Corridor between apartments
    19-20 degrees
  • Children's room
    23-24 degrees

It turns out that on average the temperature of the walls in the apartment is winter time year should be 20-22 degrees. The value of the temperature indicator almost completely coincides with the standards specified in SNiP and SanPin.

In addition to the temperature of the walls in the apartment according to GOSTs, you need to rely on common sense. The norms for the temperature of the walls in the room are compiled depending on the purpose of the room. For example, moderate coolness should be observed in bedrooms and they should be ventilated regularly, because in a room with a high temperature of the walls and, accordingly, the air, it is much worse to sleep.

The optimal temperature indicator in the nursery also depends on the age of the baby. For infants, the norm indicated in GOST should be maintained - 24 degrees. As the child matures, the temperature should gradually drop to lower limit norms and then gradually brought to normal for an ordinary living room.

In the bathroom, the temperature of the walls and air largely depends on the frequency of use of the room. In such a room, the humidity is constantly high, so it may seem that it is damp and cold in there, although this is not the case. The situation is much the same with the kitchen. Depending on the amount of equipment used and the frequency of cooking, the temperature should be varied. The more often they cook in the kitchen, the more low temperature should be supported there (from the oven, stove and other equipment, the air and walls will still heat up). If the kitchen is not actively used, it is better to keep the temperature there closer to the upper limit of normal.

Normally, the wall temperature in a corner apartment should be 2 degrees higher than that specified in GOST 51617-2000. Some utilities are guided by the indicators specified in GOST 30494-96, but it is less informative and it does not mention the temperature of the walls in the corner apartment.

In living rooms during the cold seasons, the temperature should not fall below 22 degrees, in non-residential rooms - below 21 degrees. For the northern regions, the minimum temperature is correspondingly higher. For residential premises, its indicator should not be less than 23 degrees.

Freezing walls in the apartment - permissible temperature

The temperature limit at which the walls of the building begin to freeze through directly depends on the thickness of the walls, the state of ventilation, windows and design features as a whole. The location of housing also has an impact. Freezing of the wall in the apartment The permissible temperature for each room is indicated in SNiP 23-02-2033 "Thermal protection of buildings".

The calculation of the permissible temperature before freezing of the walls in the apartment is quite complicated. The average temperature limit is 20 degrees Celsius.

Measurement of the temperature of the walls in the apartment

At home and without a professional device, it is almost impossible to measure the temperature of the walls in an apartment. An infrared thermometer is used to measure. How to measure the temperature of the walls in the apartment using this device? It's simple: the infrared beam emitted by the thermometer is directed to the desired wall. An indicator will be displayed on the instrument dial. This will be the temperature of the wall in the apartment.

After you have measured the temperature of the walls in the apartment, you need to compare the results with the standards. However, it must be taken into account that the results may not be completely reliable.

Ideally, you should order the measurement of the temperature of the walls in the apartment from specialists who have official permissions and approvals for this. In addition, they have more accurate equipment, which will affect the measurement results. Professionals also help to issue the necessary documents confirming the temperature of the walls, with which you can then go to court. On average, the cost of such a procedure in Moscow, St. Petersburg and the regions Russian Federation is 1 thousand rubles.

How to file a complaint about the low temperature of the walls in the apartment?

If, after measuring the temperature of the walls in the apartment, it turned out that it does not meet the standards established by the state, you can safely file a complaint. To do this, you must contact the maintenance department or the organization that services the residential building and inform them about the violation of the temperature regime. Please note: at the time of communication, an employee of the structure must provide his position and last name.

After submitting the application, a commission will be drawn up, which will include a representative of the heating network and an employee of the repair and maintenance department. During a visit to the premises, specialists will have to independently measure the temperature and draw up an act. This act will be documentary evidence that the heating service is provided to the tenant of the apartment in an improper way.

After that, employees of the heating network and the repair and maintenance department will find out for what reasons the temperature drops below the established norm. Then, depending on the results, there will be repair work aimed at eliminating insufficient heat supply. After all necessary work employees of the relevant authorities will conduct a secondary inspection of the premises and issue a second act to the tenant. The document will confirm that the temperature of the walls and the air in the room complies with the standards and this is confirmed by repeated instrumental measurements.

If utility workers refuse to somehow contribute to the normalization of the temperature in the room, you can contact the social protection authorities for consumer rights or the prosecutor's office. In such cases, more thorough investigations are carried out and public utilities are punished. There are more red tape, but a successful result is almost 100% guaranteed.

Conclusion

The norm of the temperature of the walls in the apartment depends on the specific region of the apartment (regular or corner) and the season. In the warm season, the temperature should be 22-25 degrees. For cold seasons, the normal temperature is from 19 to 24 degrees. The specific rate depends on the room. It should be warmest in children's and living rooms.

If a person has doubts that the temperature of the walls in the apartment does not meet the established standards, you can self measurement temperature indicator using an infrared thermometer or order a temperature measurement from specialists. If the fears are confirmed and the temperature in the living room turns out to be inappropriate, you should contact the appropriate municipal authority and demand the elimination of the lack of heat supply.

Reading time: 5 minutes

The cost of heating is constantly growing, but the desired heat in the apartment is often not. Especially it begins to disturb the tenants with the onset of cold weather. Although they receive huge receipts, apartment thermometers show disappointing numbers. To protect their interests, each consumer of the central heating service must know the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season.

Official heating season

With the onset of autumn and the temperature drop in the apartments, it is getting colder, so the residents are looking forward to the start of the heating season. However, not everyone knows the official dates in which the supply of heat to the apartment must begin and end according to the law.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 dated May 6, 2011 clearly regulates the factors that affect the start and stop of the supply of heat to residential buildings. The document specifies the temperature indicators of the air on the street, at which the supply of hot water to the batteries begins in the autumn and stops in the spring.

It is worth knowing at what temperature they turn on heating in apartments legally. The main condition for the beginning of the heating season is the decrease in the average daily air temperature to +8 °C and the preservation of this indicator for five consecutive days.

Turn off the heat supply heating systems as soon as the outdoor temperature rises to +8 °C and remains at this level for a similar period of time.

These terms are provided for a centralized heating system. When they should give heat to apartments with an autonomous circuit, the residents themselves determine.

As practice shows, the heating season usually begins in mid-October and lasts until early April.

What determines the temperature in the apartment

There can be many reasons why the temperature in the apartment does not reach comfortable values. Sometimes heating networks are to blame for this, which lower the temperature of the water supplied to the apartments.

Residents can make claims to them if the parameters of the input heat carrier (pressure and water temperature) in the building where central heating is provided apartment building do not meet the established minimum.

There are other reasons for the cold in residential premises:

  • poor permeability of the coolant, which occurs due to the formation of an air lock or clogging of the pipe with rust;
  • differences in SNiPs. Since the housing stock of Russia mainly appeared in the last century, in different periods construction, there were different rules and regulations.

Thus, even if two houses are nearby and have serviceable batteries and pipes, the SanPiN requirements for heating residential premises can be observed in one, and the temperature below the established standards is invariably recorded in the other.

Heating utilities: consumption rates

The Rules for the establishment and determination of standards for the consumption of utilities, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 N 306 "On approval of the Rules for the establishment and determination of standards for the consumption of utilities" (with additions and changes), mentions the consumption standard public service for heating in 2020.

Guided by the provisions of this document, self-government bodies in the regions determine such standards for a particular locality and post them on their official website.

The calculations take into account:

  • number of storeys of MKD;
  • year of construction of the building (before 1999 or after);
  • the presence or absence in the composition of the common property of premises for domestic and sanitary purposes.

Heat supply rates in an apartment building are indicated in Gcal per 1 m2 total area all premises.

Separately, standards are established taking into account the multiplying factor for residential buildings in which there is technical possibility installation of common house meters.

Temperature norms in the apartment during the heating season

The defining and regulating document for temperature standards in residential premises is GOST 30494-2011 "Indoor microclimate parameters". Sanitary norm temperature in an apartment in winter in Russia is also set in accordance with the provisions of this document.

The basic principle of determining the norms is the comfort of those living in the apartment. According to experts, for most people the acceptable temperature range is between 18-24 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the permissible temperature minimum established for residential premises in MKD apartments starts from +18 degrees.

Such temperature standards in an apartment during the heating season suggest that residents can stay in a dwelling for a long time without outerwear without fear of getting sick.

Temperature regimes in various rooms and their norms

Although the standards for apartments in MKD are determined by regulatory documents, they differ somewhat depending on the location of the dwelling in the construction of the house. Thus, the norm of heat in a corner apartment in winter, which is exposed to frost and wind more than other rooms, is from +20 °C.

Inside the apartment for different rooms, there are also different temperature standards, depending on their purpose. So, GOST establishes the following permissible and optimal values for:

  • living rooms - 18 ° C (20-22);
  • kitchens - 20°C (22-23);
  • combined bathrooms and bathrooms - 18 ° C (24-26);
  • toilets - 18 ° C (19-21);
  • rooms for training and recreation - 18 ° C (20-22);
  • pantries - 14 ° C (16-18);
  • inter-apartment corridors - 16 ° C (18-20);
  • stairwells, lobbies -12°C (16-18).

According to the same GOST, from 24:00 to 05:00 in residential premises the temperature can be reduced by 3°C.

How is room temperature measured?

If residents know the standards that are set for the heating season for residential premises, and their apartment thermometers show temperatures below acceptable limits, you should write an application for measuring the temperature in the apartment or send it by e-mail.

On the basis of the received application, the Criminal Code creates a commission and, with the participation of the applicant, measures the temperature with a measuring device, which:

  • has an appropriate certificate;
  • passed registration and state verification;
  • has a measurement range from 5 to 40 °C and an allowable error of not more than 0.1 °C in the manner and to the extent that are established by GOST 30494-96 (clause 4 "Control methods").

To establish the causes of poor-quality heating at home, the management company conducts instrumental monitoring of the technical condition of the heating system in accordance with VSN 57-88 (r) “Regulations on technical survey residential buildings".

How to determine the temperature of the coolant in batteries

When it gets cold in the apartment in winter, and the radiators still do not heat up, the question arises of how to measure the temperature of the batteries and whether there are any standards for this equipment.

The easiest way to check is to open the valve, drain hot water and measure the temperature.

If this is not possible, you need to attach a regular thermometer to the radiator and add a couple of degrees of error to the result. An infrared pyrometer can also be used for this purpose.

The indicators should not be less than 35-40 ° C or exceed 95 degrees of heating of the coolant.

If utilities violate the rules

If the measurement of temperature indicators revealed a discrepancy with the mentioned standards, the tenant has the right to demand a reduction in the payment for heat by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance by the utilities of the Criminal Code with the established temperature standards.

Financial losses for the UK will be very tangible. In just 4 weeks of poor-quality heating supply to the apartment, the amount of payment will decrease by more than 90%.

Most often, such issues are resolved, and arbitrage practice indicates that it is quite realistic to defend your rights and receive impressive compensation. This is clearly demonstrated by the example of 2014, when a resident of the Perm Territory recovered 136,000 rubles by court order from utilities for non-compliance with their obligations to supply heat to her house.

findings

After reviewing the terms of the heating season established by law and finding out how many degrees of heat should be in the apartment during this period, residents can control the quality of the services provided by utilities. In case of violation of the standards and failure to take measures to eliminate emergency situations in heating networks, consumers have the right to sue the service provider and demand recalculation for failure to fulfill contractual obligations.

Lawyer. Member of the Chamber of Advocates of St. Petersburg. Experience more than 10 years. Graduated from St. Petersburg State University. I specialize in civil, family, housing, land law.

What temperature should be in the apartment in winter, and what - in summer? These questions relate to the concept of "thermal comfort", that is, to such a temperature in the room at which a person does not feel either cold or heat. Let's take a closer look at this topic in the article.

Key questions regarding thermal comfort

As soon as summer ends and autumn begins, many people put on warm shirts, jackets and windbreakers, and at this time old disputes arise about when to start the heating season in apartments with central heating, or what temperature the heater thermostat should be set to in homes with individual heating systems.

In addition to the question of what should be the air temperature in the apartment, other similar questions arise that relate to the temperature at the workplace, in public transport and at the entrances of houses. Some people freeze and wrap themselves in sweaters and jackets, while others continue to wear fairly light clothing. This is because the sensation of cold or heat is affected by individual factors but also the factors environment. Let's consider them in more detail.

Outdoor temperature and air humidity

Considering the question, what room temperature should be in the apartment, first of all, it should be borne in mind that there are two main factors on which the answer to the question posed depends:

  • outdoor temperature;
  • humidity in the room.

The human body has the ability to adapt to the environment, adjusting its biological systems to external conditions. This means that the feeling of thermal comfort in summer time and in winter will be different. So, in summer, our body is better adapted to high temperatures, therefore, in an apartment, these temperatures should be higher than in the cold season. That is, the whole idea of ​​comfort is to minimize temperature gradients outdoors and indoors.

As for the humidity of the air, that is, the amount of water vapor dissolved in the air, it should be said here that the perception of temperature by our body depends on it. Thus, the higher the humidity, the stronger man feels hot, although temperatures may be relatively low.

Temperature standards in Russia and the USA

The question of what temperature should be in an apartment in winter is regulated in Russia by GOST R 51617-2000 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10, according to which comfortable temperature in apartments should be between 18 °C and 25 °C. This GOST also establishes what temperatures should be in different rooms, for example, low values ​​from the specified limit should correspond to the temperature in the hallway, medium values ​​\u200b\u200bto the temperature in the bedroom, and high values ​​\u200b\u200bare suitable for the bathroom.

It is also interesting to cite the American standard for comfortable temperatures and compare it with the Russian one. The most common standard in the United States is the so-called ASHRAE 55. This standard provides a graphical representation of comfortable indoor temperature zones, taking into account the season and air humidity. According to the American standard, in winter the apartment should have temperatures of 21-24 ° C for humidity limits from 30% to 65%, while in summer for the specified humidity limits the comfortable air temperature limit is higher and is 23-27 ° C. At the same time, the ideal temperature is 21 ° C in winter, and 26 ° C in summer.

A comparison of Russian and American norms for the temperature in an apartment in winter shows that they are quite consistent with each other, if one adheres to the average values ​​​​in the indicated Russian limit of permissible temperatures.

Individual characteristics of a person and thermal comfort

Opening the topic of what temperature should be in the apartment, it is necessary to note one important point, which is as follows: features of the perception of ambient temperature in different people various. Thus, people who have more adipose tissue are more resistant to cold than those who have little fat.

In addition, recent studies have confirmed that women begin to feel cold and freeze earlier than men. The explanation for this fact is quite paradoxical: when the ambient temperature begins to decrease, the blood vessels in the woman's skin contract and shrink, in this way female body begins to save heat and spends it on heating the brain and internal organs to a greater extent than on the peripheral zones of the body. However, the "cold" receptors are located on the surface of the skin, and since less blood has begun to flow to it, they give a signal to the woman's brain that they begin to freeze. In men, no such mechanism of thermoregulation has been found.

Human age and physical activity

What should be the air temperature in the apartment? In addition to the factors considered and the figures given, it is also necessary to keep in mind the physical activity of a person and his age. It is known that at an older age, many processes in the body slow down, so the comfortable temperature for an elderly person will always be 1-3 ° C higher than for a young body. On the other hand, the higher the activity of a person, the faster the metabolic processes in his body and the lower the temperature standards for him should be.

Why is it important to monitor the temperature in an apartment or house?

For a complete answer to this question, two fundamental points must be taken into account: human performance and energy costs.

It is well known that human performance depends on air temperature, and if the latter is unsuitable, then the quality and efficiency of various work will begin to decline significantly. So, according to one American study, if the temperature in the room drops below 20 ° C, then people begin to make mistakes of various kinds 44% more often than at a temperature of 21 ° C.

Saving energy is one of the most pressing issues that every person faces. It has been established that an increase in air temperature for every degree in an apartment or house leads to an increase in energy costs by 7%. This means that in the absence of special requirements for maintaining a certain temperature in the room, you should always adhere to the minimum allowable values ​​in winter and the maximum allowable in summer. Recall, when answering the question of what the minimum temperature should be in the apartment in winter, that it should be 21 ° C, so there is no need to set the temperature higher, for example, 23 ° C, otherwise you will have to pay 14% more for 2 ° C of heat, and there is absolutely no difference for the health of the body between the numbers 21 ° C and 23 ° C.

Many people wonder what temperature should be in a corner apartment. The recommended norms remain the same, however, since the corner apartments in houses are usually cold, the cost of heating them will be somewhat higher than for similar apartments in the middle of the house.

The issue of energy saving

When answering the question of what temperature should be in the apartment, it should be said that its optimal value in winter is 21 ° C. However, it is not necessary to maintain this temperature throughout the day. So, if a person goes to work and there are no people left in the apartment, then you can set the heater thermostat to a temperature of 15 ° C, but if a person leaves the apartment for several days, then the thermostat can generally be set to 5 ° C. In addition, the kitchen does not need to be heated at all, since it has its own heat sources (refrigerator, electric or gas stove), which will maintain the required temperature.

Modern technologies take care of a person in many ways, for example, many modern heating systems allow you to use the climate control mode, which itself will monitor the temperature in the room.

Concluding the topic of what temperature should be in the apartment, here are some tips that will allow a person to feel comfortable in the apartment, but at the same time save energy and money for heating the room:

  • Before going to bed, it is recommended to turn off all heaters, and ventilate the room in the morning, and then turn them on.
  • The heater cores must be kept clean. Also, there should be no objects near them that interfere with the free movement of air.
  • At night, it is recommended to close the curtains of the windows: in this way, you can save some energy.