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Storage tanks for sewerage. Plastic sewer tanks (reviews) Installation of sewer tanks

For every home comfortable living it is required to supply water and equip a sewer for its flow. The most convenient option is to connect a household outdoor sewerage to central system which is not always possible to do. In this case, to collect and clean Wastewater sewerage tanks are used.

The storage tank for sewage is a large tank equipped with two holes:

  • entrance for connecting a sewer pipeline;
  • hole for cleaning the container.

In most cases, such a unit is installed below ground level. This allows you to save the aesthetic appearance of the site and space for other purposes.

Types of containers

Storage tanks are used to equip water flow in a modern external sewer system. Installing the device does not require certain skills, but the tank needs timely cleaning, which is carried out.

Depending on the material used for the production, sewer tanks are divided into:

  • metal;
  • concrete.

plastic containers

Tanks made from various kinds plastic, are the most popular.

Plastic containers for sewage have a number of advantages over units made from other materials:

  • have a relatively small weight, which is important when installing equipment;
  • the most hermetic. This factor is achieved due to the absence of welds;
  • durable, as the material is resistant to corrosion and negative impact aggressive substances contained in wastewater;
  • relatively low cost of the device.

metal containers

The second place in use after plastic is occupied by metal containers for sewage.

Such equipment is heavier than plastic. To install it, you will need to use a crane. It is not possible to install a metal container on your own.

Before installation, in order to prevent sewage from entering the ground, it is necessary to carefully treat all connecting seams with a sealant.

To protect the equipment from possible corrosion as much as possible, the tank is covered both inside and outside with a protective anti-corrosion material, which significantly extends the service life of the tank. Resistant paint, for example, XB-785 enamel, can be used as such a material.

Concrete tanks

Currently, they are rarely used for sewerage. First of all, this is due to the property of the material used.

Concrete quickly collapses from strong and constant humidity. Accordingly, sewer containers made of concrete last a short time. But the cost of installing such a unit is a lot. Due to the large weight, the tank cannot be installed without the use of special equipment.

Thus, for small private networks, it is advisable to use plastic containers for sewage.

To install a sewer tank yourself, you need:

  • calculate the appropriate amount of equipment and decide on its material;
  • choose the best place for installation;
  • install and test the system.

Calculation of the volume of the sewer tank

Before installing the entire outdoor sewer system it is necessary to determine the volume of the sewer tank.

Volume necessary equipment depends:

  • on the number of people living in the house (it is especially important if the capacity calculation is carried out for country cottage in which people live permanently);
  • on the amount of wastewater (on average, one person consumes about 200 liters of liquid per day);
  • from the expected period of cleaning work.

Specialists have developed a universal formula for calculating the volume of a sewer tank:

V=n*x*Vday, where

  • n is the period between cleaning works, measured in days;
  • x is the number of people permanently residing in the house;
  • Vday - the estimated volume of wastewater per person per day.

For example, 3 people live permanently in a house. It is assumed that the sewage tank will be cleaned every 30 days.

V \u003d 30 days * 3 people * 200 liters per day \u003d 18000 liters, that is, the tank must have a volume of at least 18 m³.

The calculation of the volume of the sewer tank is quite simple. But neglecting this procedure will lead to negative consequences.

Choosing a place to install a sewer tank

At the next stage of the equipment of the sewer system, it is necessary to determine the place where the container for sewage will be located. When choosing a location, you should be guided by the following rules:

  • so that the liquid can flow into the tank by gravity, the latter is located at the lowest point of the infield;
  • for the convenience of cleaning the structure, roads are needed along which specialized equipment can drive;
  • it is desirable that the pipeline leading the effluents to the tank be straight. This will save you from installing additional equipment, for example, rotary wells;
  • it is not recommended to install a sewage tank near the house, as unpleasant odors may occur. Too much distance between the house and the sewer tank will lead to the need to lay a long pipeline.

The most optimal distance from the house to the unit is 6 meters.

Installation of a sewer tank

To independently install a sewer tank, you must:

  • Dig a hole for equipment. The dimensions of the pit should be approximately 50 cm on each side larger than the dimensions of the container.
  • Put a layer of sand on the bottom, creating the basis for the container. If in the area where it is planned to install a sewage tank, clay soils are predominantly present and groundwater is close to the surface, it is more advisable to make a solid concrete foundation under the tank. This will avoid tilting the equipment, in the formation of which the device will quickly fail.

  • Install tank. Plastic containers for sewage must be installed strictly horizontally. If you cannot install the unit yourself, then you need to resort to the help of lifting equipment.
  • Connect sewer line.

  • Check all joints for tightness. To do this, you need to put into the system a large number of water under pressure.
  • Fill the container with sand on all sides.
  • Close the lid provided for the design of the tank.
  • Bury, leaving a hole on the surface for cleaning the tank.

Properly selected and installed capacity for sewage will last a long time.

The sewage storage tank is simple solution for household systems. Installing the tank yourself is not difficult and does not require special skills.

Today, many suburban villages do not have a common sewage system, so you have to think about creating an individual cleaning system. Not everyone can create their own system, it is not cheap, and therefore, using the old method, they dig cesspools, lining them with bricks or making walls of reinforced concrete rings. But after all, instead of these structures, you can purchase a plastic container to use it for sewage.

At first, enterprising owners used instead brick structures iron barrels or cisterns, however, life time they were short. Now this problem has been resolved with the advent of market relations, and manufacturers have appeared that produce plastic containers for sewers with high strength parameters, they are not very expensive and easy to install.

What is a sewer tank

If there is no full-fledged sewerage, you can use an autonomous one, it can be presented in the form:

  1. Cesspool.
  2. Storage capacity.
  3. Mechanical septic tank
  4. Septic tank with biological filters.

Cesspool, the walls of which are lined with brick or concrete rings, and the bottom remains open. In this case, the liquid passes into the ground and you need to clean the pit no more than once every few years. Advantages: will be inexpensive used as a temporary option. Cons: permanent bad smell, inadequate disposal of fecal water.

Sewage storage tank - hermetic tank, waste accumulating life, which, as it fills up, is released with the help of public utilities. The material can be metal, plastic, fiberglass. The shape and volume can be any from 3 to 100 cu. m and more; tanks can be interconnected to increase the total volume for sewage.

The advantage, of course, can be called:

  • the cheapness and simplicity of this method of the sewer system, the container itself is buried in the ground, connecting it to a pipe through which all sewage from the house is drained;
  • this method of sewerage provides biochemical protection of the site at a high level.

The disadvantage is regular cleaning containers using special equipment.

Mechanical septic tank representing closed system, providing a level of purification at which water can soak into the ground without the risk of site contamination. It can be made of concrete, metal, plastic.

The advantages of septic tanks are:

  • high level of purification;
  • small price;
  • possibility of underground installation.

However, the disadvantage can be called:

  • limited volume of processed waste liquids;
  • requirement for annual maintenance;

A septic tank with biological filters that purifies the outlet water to 98%. These septic tanks are expensive, but most efficient, they can be located near buildings, do not require maintenance and function for a long period.

Types of containers for sewerage

Sewerage tanks vary:

  • sizes;
  • volume;
  • material of manufacture (metal, glass, plastic).

Requirements for containers:

  • weather resistance;
  • waterproofing;
  • chemical inertness;
  • capacity;
  • resistance to mechanical stress.

It should be noted that containers made of plastic most fully meet these requirements, they are strong, durable, airtight, easy to operate. Germes-Plast-OC containers are made of plastic with a volume of 3 to 100 cubic meters. m and the cost for a 2-meter dive from the surface of the earth - 60 300 - 1 553 500 rubles. respectively.

Storage tanks made of glass have a number of advantages:

  • no corrosion;
  • duration of operation - 50 years;
  • low specific gravity;
  • performance at low temperatures;
  • chemical resistance;
  • a float can be built into them to alert the filling level of the tank;
  • the possibility of manufacturing according to the size of the customer;
  • products have a quality certificate.

Storage tanks can be combined to increase total volume waste liquids.

The cost of fiberglass storage tanks of the company Ecostroy for sewerage lies in the range from 66,400 to 181,000 rubles. for products with a volume of 5-15 cubic meters. m., respectively. However, on an individual order, the company produces tanks up to 100 cubic meters. m.

Company ZhilKomSnab produces ribbed septic tanks, due to which the walls prevent compression by the soil.

Their cost depends on the volume and lies in the range of 18900−44000 r. for 1100−5000 liters, respectively.

How to choose a sewer tank

The choice of storage tanks is huge, in order not to be mistaken, you need to remember that the cost per 1 resident is 200 liters of water. Based on the number of people and the frequency of emptying the container, choose the volume of the product you need.

You can purchase a container equipped with a float to indicate the filling of the barrel.

The choice of material is also of no small importance for further use, it affects life time.

Of great importance is soil type on the site and the level of groundwater relative to the surface, if it is equal to or higher than one meter , then you will need to purchase an additional well.

Advantages of storage tanks:

  • easy to install, you can do the work yourself;
  • environmentally friendly, they are airtight and there is no risk of soil pollution;
  • cheap, storage tanks cost less than septic tanks.

The disadvantage is the need regular brushing using special equipment.

How to install a sewer tank

Sewerage tanks are used immediately after mounting, for which special devices and tools are not needed, except for a pair of male, working hands, and shovels to dig a hole under the tank.

When choosing one or another container for sewage, solve an important question for yourself: what is more important for you- save money or ensure full decontamination of the site. After all, the best option is also possible, for a small area it is possible to more fully clean the waste, and for a large area it becomes less important. It is important to decide which is better - to buy a system inexpensively or serve in the future. If you use the cottage only in summer time, the best option for you will be the purchase of a storage container made of plastic of the appropriate volume.

Almost every owner of a summer house or a private house is faced with the problem of sewer disposal. After all, it is not always possible to connect to the central system. Remoteness from the city, high cost of connection, lack of centralized system- these are the main reasons why it is necessary to install individual tanks for collecting liquid waste. Primitive cesspools, outdoor toilet are rapidly disappearing into the past. Modern man seeks to live in comfort, creating special conditions for living.
Each person can create comfortable conditions independently. Installation of modern plastic systems allows you to do all the work simply and quickly.

Application of sewer systems

The use of plastic containers on your site allows you to solve the problem of collecting used water to the best extent. In addition, their installation has a beneficial effect on environment because waste water does not enter the soil. Most sites are located in areas with shallow groundwater flow. In such places, it is very easy for sewage waste to get into a river, well or spring. Under such conditions, building a cesspool is not only difficult, but often impossible.
It is the capacity for sewerage that solves this problem. It is able to improve the performance of the drain system and allows you to use the toilet and bathroom in the house without any inconvenience.
Functional products can be installed as storage tanks. Periodically, such containers need special cleaning. Also, with the help of containers, you can mount a whole system of septic tanks with special filters installed. Passing a multifaceted purification, already purified water will fall into the soil. Each of the methods has its own advantages and can be implemented on any site.

Features of storage tanks

Storage tanks for sewerage to create an autonomous system are made of heavy-duty plastic or fiberglass. They have high performance characteristics:

  • durable and reliable in use;
  • light weight, allowing them to be mounted on any type of soil;
  • sealed;
  • have a long period of operation;
  • do not interact with the environment and do not react to temperature changes;
  • just mounted.

The volume of plastic tanks should be selected depending on the amount of water used. This option is an ideal solution for a few families who use plumbing more economically. Experts recommend for the perfect use of the system to pump out the tanks twice a year. For example, for a family of 3 people who consume up to 150 liters of water daily, a tank with a capacity of 6 cubic meters is suitable. But many play it safe by installing a sewer tank a few cubes more.
A plastic tank should be purchased before you start digging a hole. Having the exact dimensions of the product, you can dig an excellent recess that allows you to accurately install the tank. As a rule, it is buried to the depth of the soil, which is not subject to freezing in winter.
For a summer residence in which there are no permanent residents, you can install plastic tanks of much smaller sizes. Many summer residents prefer tanks of 2 cubic meters. Such capacity is pumped out after the end of the summer season.

Pros and cons of storage tanks

The advantages of storage tanks include:

  • resistance to mechanical damage. Even after many years, such a tank is not subject to cracking, corrosion and corrosive environment;
  • long period of operation, which is up to 50 years;
  • simple installation that does not require special equipment;
  • absence of bureaucratic litigation. Installing a standalone system does not require registration;
  • use on any soil;
  • tightness, providing reliable protection of the environment from the ingress of wastewater into the ground;
  • acceptable product cost.

The main disadvantage of storage tanks is the need to pump out. Such containers are emptied with the help of special sewage trucks at intervals of a year. In addition, the disadvantage is the fact that a special vehicle requires an entrance to carry out the pumping of the tank.

Features of the septic tank

A septic tank is a multifunctional water purification system. With the help of filters installed in it at the outlet, you can get absolutely clean water, which will not adversely affect the soil, polluting it with waste. Special aerobic bacteria help to purify the water in the septic tank. The principle of operation of the system is to repeatedly pour wastewater from tank to tank:

  • wastewater enters a tank with bacteria that process waste into clean water;
  • purified water passes into the next compartment and settles there;
  • the accumulated settled water is poured into a perforated pipe, through which it seeps into the soil.

With such a system, you can get absolutely pure water at the outlet. The degree of its purification directly depends on the number of tanks for purification and the work of bacteria. Today you can buy a variety of systems. The market offers a choice of one-two- and three-chamber systems.
When choosing a container for such a system, it is necessary to calculate the 3-day water consumption. For example, for three residents with a daily water use of 150 liters, an airtight tank of 2 cubic meters is ideal.

Pros and cons of septic tanks

The advantages of septic tanks include:

  • tightness, due to which sewage sewage does not enter the soil;
  • do not require connection to electricity;
  • resistance to mechanical damage and destruction;
  • the use of anaerobic bacteria, thanks to which absolutely pure water enters the soil;
  • long period of operation;
  • can be used for a long time without cleaning.

The disadvantages of septic tanks include:

  • use only in soil with a high filtration coefficient;
  • has a higher cost;
  • installation is carried out after agreement with the sanitary and epidemiological station;
  • more complex installation than storage tanks.

Choice of plastic tanks

A plastic container must be chosen according to individual water consumption and the number of family members. For small families, tanks of small volumes are suitable, respectively. Today you can buy a tank of various shapes. Horizontal and vertical tanks of cylindrical or rectangular shape. They can also have one or two layer walls. Correct selection plastic tank ensures the smooth operation of the entire system, which is why when choosing, you should pay attention to:

  • product volume. Before you go shopping, it is recommended to calculate the required values;
  • the availability of components that allow you to mount the sewer system especially quickly and easily. For example, the presence of special floats allows you to control the level sewage water in a container;
  • purpose of the container. Very often there are cases when, instead of a waste container, sellers try to “push” a water tank. Such tanks are not suitable for sewer installation. They have thin walls, which over time begin to let sewage into the ground.

When installing an autonomous sewer system, experts recommend paying attention to the type of soil. So, for example, for clay soils, it is most effective to install storage tanks, since such soil will poorly pass the filtered water of their septic tanks. Also, this option is not suitable for those areas where ground water are too close. The effect of such a natural phenomenon from the installation of a septic tank will be quite the opposite: groundwater will enter the filters and fill the tank. The system simply won't work.
An autonomous sewer system allows you to simply solve the problem with drainage in the country. That is why it is very popular among summer residents who prefer comfort and convenience. Sewerage in the house allows you to enjoy your vacation in the country and live in familiar conditions.

Country ownership is not considered perfect enough for a comfortable stay if it is not equipped with a system for draining and utilizing water used for household needs.

By and large, this is a simple sewerage tank in a private house, equipped with a whole range of sewage treatment devices.

The ancestor of such structures is a simple cesspool, the arrangement of which is prohibited on sites, but they can still be found in operation.

Types of sewage tanks in a private house

The task of processing waste water is not only their accumulation and periodic pumping, cesspools can also cope with this.

Fluid must be cleared of harmful impurities and pathogenic bacteria, since it is dirty and contaminated water that is the source serious illnesses and even epidemics. Therefore, most residents of private houses tend to build an autonomous septic tank.

The most suitable for this purpose are plastic containers specially made for septic tanks.

Tanks used as a reservoir for wastewater generated during their use serve to store liquid before filling. After that, it is pumped out with a specially equipped sewage machine - a sludge pump and taken out for processing to a specially equipped place.

Plastic tanks for sewage in a private house are of various types:

  • rectangular shape (Eurocube);
  • cylindrical (tank);
  • spherical.

Containers made of plastic are always made with ribbed walls, which increases their strength characteristics and does not allow them to deform when filled with liquid.

The main materials for the manufacture of such tanks are polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polypropylene. But more durable are vessels made of composite materials, which include fiberglass or carbon reinforcing fibers. But these products are more expensive.

The volumes of tanks for plastic septic tanks are very diverse; vessels with a capacity of 500 liters to 100 tons in horizontal and vertical versions are offered on the market. This makes it possible to choose the method of installing the tank, depending on the availability of free space on the site.

Advantages and disadvantages of plastic containers for sewage

Before buying a container for a private house, you need to accurately determine the ultimate goal of its installation. This takes into account the number of residents. For a family of two or three people, a storage capacity is enough, and for a country private house with a population of five or more people, the installation of a local treatment system (VOC) will be required.

Before purchasing a tank, you should understand the strengths and weak sides its use. To positive qualities should include:

  1. Easy installation - a factory-made vessel can be installed on the site in just a matter of hours.
  2. The use of plastic containers is much cheaper than other storage options.
  3. Simple maintenance, which consists in calling the cesspool truck twice per season. With the full quality of pumping out accumulated effluents, the cost of the operation ranges from 12 to 18 thousand rubles. depending on the equipment used and the method of implementation. Vacuum pumping will cost more. In addition, the road is paid, in the Moscow region the costs will be from 20 to 50 rubles per kilometer.

In accordance with the rules of SanPiN, pumping out of storage tanks is carried out at least twice a year.

  1. Storage tanks can be installed on any type of soil, since their use is not associated with filtration of wastewater.
  2. The service life of such installations is 20-30 years.

A light plastic tank can be installed even by one person, but this property is also a negative point - the vessel can float when the groundwater level is high at the installation site,. Therefore, when installing such a system, it is necessary to use an anchor plate made of solid concrete. The container is attached to it with steel cables or strips on anchor bolts.

The disadvantages include the following points.

  1. When using most types of containers, the smell from it still penetrates into the environment, creating an unpleasant atmosphere.
  2. The need for regular cleaning of the sewage tank.
  3. The limited capacity of the vessel, which in any case must be cleaned twice a year.

Plastic products are produced quite durable, especially if it is a fiberglass reinforced version. But the material is fragile and is afraid of impacts, which requires special care during installation.

The choice of storage capacity for sewage

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In order to choose the right vessel for a septic tank in a private country house, a number of circumstances must be taken into account:

  1. First of all, the depth of soil freezing is taken into account. In order for the barrel with its contents not to freeze in the winter cold, it is necessary that most of it be located in the ground below this level.
  2. Each vessel for the accumulation of wastewater is equipped with a neck through which it is serviced. So, it should also be completely hidden in the ground. Only the top cover comes out, otherwise it will also freeze. Having measured dimensions containers, it is necessary to add about half a meter to them, which will give an idea of ​​​​the size of the pit.
  3. The dimensions of the septic tank are determined by its volume, and it also needs to be calculated. The approximate water consumption per person per day is 180-200 liters. Therefore, the total volume of a septic tank for a family of three should be at least 600 liters. If a we are talking about the house of periodic visits, you can use a tank of a smaller volume. Its cost and installation costs depend on the size of the container.
  4. When installing it on the site, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of access to it by a tank truck. The length of the hose on it has its limitations. It is better if the pumping point is located at a distance of no more than 6 meters from the installation site of the equipment.
  5. Unlike a cesspool, a septic tank is airtight, so it is not subject to regulations for placement at a certain distance from most objects. But it is better to install it no closer than 10 meters from a residential building.
  6. The use of plastic septic tanks will exclude the use of waterproofing, but the place where the pipes are connected to the tank must be carefully sealed.

It should be noted that a resident of a private house, as a rule, is not limited to installing a storage tank. Typically, a storage barrel is only the first link in creating your own wastewater treatment system.

Further, a tank for biochemical treatment of wastewater is installed, which greatly accelerates the process of decomposition of harmful components, increasing the throughput of the installation. Cultures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria are sold in abundance in specialized stores, and it is not difficult to obtain them.

In addition, as a process of additional oxidation of wastewater. Drain waters treated in this way are cleaned of contaminants by 95-98% and become suitable for technical use - for watering a garden or washing a car. If necessary, such water can be released directly to the ground, where it undergoes additional purification.

Pumping out the contents of the VOC system can be done once every 2-5 years, depending on the amount of accumulated sludge, which inhibits the filtration rate.

Use in the sewerage system of multi-chamber containers

Local treatment facilities, consisting of several chambers, allow cardinally to purify water in wastewater. Each of them has its own processes, which allow not only to purify water from harmful impurities as much as possible, but also to significantly increase the rate of wastewater treatment. This allows the use of smaller containers, which saves on purchase and installation costs.

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Dimensions of sewage tanks in a private house permanent residence should be very significant. As we have already calculated, even three people organize up to half a ton of waste per day.

Therefore, even having a drive for 5 cubic meters, it is impossible to do without pumping it out every ten days. And this is already a lot of money, one such operation costs at least 12 thousand rubles.

Therefore, technologies for multi-stage wastewater treatment are used so that they can be disposed of directly at the place of residence. This imposes additional responsibility on the user not only in relation to himself, but also to people living nearby.

Improving the methods of wastewater treatment makes it possible to do without pumping out the liquid at all. It, after passing through the station, without consequences can be drained to the ground for final additional filtering when passing through the ground.

It should be noted that this method of cleaning is not used on clay substrate soils, since they are usually waterproof.

How to determine the volume of a septic tank

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In addition, 20% of the volume is deducted from the size of the first storage tank, taking into account the layer of sludge accumulated at the bottom. The fact is that in this container the main separation into solid and liquid components takes place.

In accordance with the requirements of SNiPs, the volume of water consumption by one person is about 200 liters per day. A septic tank must contain at least three times the supply of liquid. It is easy to determine the total water consumption in country house, it is 2.4 cubic meters for a family of four.

At the same time, according to sanitary standards, the filtration process in the wells should take place for at least 14 days, which allows for normal wastewater treatment.

It is easy to see that for a family of four, the estimated value of the required volume will be 11.2 cubic meters. Of course, no one builds such septic tanks for the sewerage of a private house, using methods to increase cleaning performance.

As you can see, the costs of wastewater treatment can be quite significant, but this is not the case when it makes sense to save on them. In wastewater, there are quite enough substances that are decomposed using bacterial agents.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW! These are heavy fats that sink to the bottom and gradually mix with silt deposits. To remove them, it is advisable to use special filters that work with pumps, thus increasing energy consumption. But security costs more.

The cost of septic tanks in the suburbs

The cost of septic tanks has a wide range, due to the variety of designs and the difference in product configurations. Containers of the same volume can differ significantly in value. But, if we take average values, then we can focus on the following figures:

  • capacity 1.7 cubic meters - 10900;
  • with a capacity of 3 cubic meters - 21000;
  • 5.3 cubes - 33400;

The given data correspond to the price list of the Anion company for plastic products.

Fiberglass products from Germes-Plast OC cost 60,300 for a three-cubic capacity, 78,900 for a five-cubic container, and 124,100 for a six-cubic container.

The above prices do not include delivery to the installation site and the installation of the system itself.

Installation and installation

The largest part of the cost of installing a septic tank falls on earthworks, since the tank is completely buried in the ground. It is necessary to control that at the beginning of the process, an anchor plate made of concrete is installed at the bottom of the pit, so that the container does not float to the surface during a flood or a significant rise in groundwater.

The distance from the house to the septic tank should be. The slope of the connecting pipes should be 1-2 millimeters per meter of length. Reliable tightness of the joints is important to prevent leakage of sewage into the ground.

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A very important event is a preliminary survey of the soil base. The design of the septic tank largely depends on the quality of the substrate bases. So, in the presence of a clay substrate with almost zero filtering capacity, only infiltrates in the form of filter fields are used to discharge the purified liquid.

If the seasonal height of the groundwater rise is more than 2 meters, then only the discharge of treated effluents directly onto the ground is possible. The height of the lift can be determined by the maximum water level in nearby wells and wells.

Soil quality indicators are determined by drilling an exploratory well.

Operational maintenance

The specificity of sewerage in a private house is that it is active. This means that initiated content processing processes take place in it in order to obtain certain result- disposal of wastewater. This is facilitated by plastic containers for sewage in a country house.

In this regard, the main rule for maintaining the sewer system is the cleanliness of the contents of the drains in relation to agents that interfere with work or simply destroy the environment of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria.

  • the remains of rotting vegetables;
  • the contents of construction debris in the form of sand and cement;
  • biologically non-degradable substances - packaging residues, films, candy wrappers and other similar items;
  • water from water treatment plants containing potassium permanganate;
  • garbage and water after washing forest mushrooms;
  • remnants of bleaching agents (Persol, Whiteness and the like);
  • medications;
  • derivatives of fuels and lubricants;

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Through the sewer can be disposed of:

  • toilet paper;
  • washing machine drain;
  • drains from the kitchen, bath or shower.

Septic tank maintenance activities include the mandatory restoration of the bacterial environment by adding pure cultures about once every two weeks. Repair and cleaning of silt deposits is carried out as they accumulate.

In order for your stay in the house to be comfortable and comfortable, it is mandatory to have sewer drain equipment. The most ergonomic way is to connect to the central sewerage system of the city, then you will avoid various troubles and worries. But this is not always likely to be realized. Based on this, the owners of private houses or summer cottages are forced to equip special cesspools on their plots. This may solve the problem, but there are some nuances here. If it is done technologically correctly, such a hole will cost you dearly, and the labor costs will be enormous. Moreover, it is virtually impossible to ensure perfect tightness in cement-brick structures. In Russia, in the middle lane, groundwater is high enough, so all the contents will remain on the surface of the site, polluting it and spreading unpleasant odors. That's why simple cesspools have been replaced by special containers that are designed to collect and store waste. These containers are huge tanks and cisterns in which the waste is hermetically stored until the tank is cleaned. From this article, you can find out how to install a sewer tank on your site yourself.

Varieties of containers for waste storage

If we talk about the types of such tanks, then there are two of them:

A septic tank is not just a tank in which sewage flows are planned and stored, they are partially filtered in it. At the time when the wastewater enters the septic tank, through the pipe they enter the first treatment chamber, where they break up into different separate fractions. Huge hard particles settle to the bottom, and small elements with water move to another chamber, where they are "attacked" by bacteria. Fermentation processes take place in these chambers, due to which methane is released. In the third compartment, this water is partially filtered and enters the ground. Just on the basis of this, in some areas it is forbidden to install septic tanks.

Storage tanks are simply completely sealed and resemble a huge tank or barrel for storing something, and leakage of waste from the sewer into the ground under such conditions is excluded. It turns out that it is possible to use such containers in any area. The distinguishing characteristics of such reservoirs include their shape and size. They are made both vertical and horizontal, and have a rectangular or cylindrical design. If we talk about their spaciousness, then finished goods can contain a large amount - from 1 to 150 m 3 of liquid. These designs are equipped with two holes:

  • the first hole is the entrance to which the sewer pipeline is connected;
  • the second hole is revision, for cleaning the tank while it is full.

Much more often, such a product is installed below ground level, having previously dug a special pit, where the unit is placed. That is why you have the opportunity to save a non-specialized view of the site and a precious place that can be used for other purposes.

It must be emphasized that before purchasing a tank, you need to decide which material to take the product from. Because a lot depends on it. To help you with this, let's look at exactly what these materials are and what the advantage of each of them is.

What are sewer tanks made of?

Depending on the material that is used, all sewer containers can be divided into the following types:

  1. Plastic tanks.
  2. Iron tanks.
  3. cement tanks.

Any material has its advantages and disadvantages, which we will now discuss.

Plastic products

The most common containers can be called plastic waste storage tanks. They have many advantages, which we will talk about later, and thanks to them they are so popular. Apart from the volume, they have no restrictions on the collection of effluents. All that is required of you is to complete the installation, after which the unit is ready to perform tasks. The good news is that the installation is very easy, this does not require special heavy artillery, it is enough to use strong man's hands. What are the advantages of such models:

  1. Little weight, which facilitates the installation itself, allowing you to do everything yourself without trouble.
  2. The highest tightness, which is achieved even during manufacture, since the product does not have any welds. Based on this, you do not need to worry that not very pleasant content will leak out.
  3. Durability. As everyone knows, plastic does not corrode and is resistant to various negative effects of aggressive substances, which are found in sewage. The service life for the product is 30 and 50 years, which is quite good.
  4. Good strength. Despite the fact that it is plastic, it is not inferior to metal products and can withstand various mechanical actions and loads.
  5. Relatively small price. If we talk about the other two types, then they will cost you more, and transportation will also be expensive.

Metal products


Such containers occupy an honorable second place in terms of application for the collection and storage of sewage waste. Despite the fact that earlier such structures were used more often, since many enterprises fell apart, it was very easy to get such barrels. The peculiarity of their installation is due to the fact that the tanks are super-heavy, so for their installation it will be necessary to hire a crane. If you want to do everything with your own hands, you will not have it. Take this into account when calculating, as you will have to pay for the rental of heavy equipment. Moreover, some costs are also allocated for sealing means, since all welds must be treated with them before installation. That is why it is possible to achieve good sealing and sewage must not enter the ground.

The main advantage of iron tanks is that they are durable and of high quality. They are not easily damaged: they tolerate mechanical action and loads well. But the cons are still much more:

  1. The metal is subject to corrosion. This is why the tank lacks an additional anti-corrosion coating both inside and outside before installation. This can significantly extend the life of the product, but does not completely solve the problem. Over time, it will simply rot.
  2. Most of the tanks are made from narrow sheets of metal, which, under the influence of aggressive substances, will not last long.
  3. Great product price.
  4. The enormous weight, which complicates the installation process itself, makes it more expensive. In addition to the fact that the product itself is more expensive, you will also need to pay extra for transportation services, hiring a crane, purchasing sealant and other installation services.
  5. Limited quantity. As a standard, barrels of 200-250 liters are used for storage and collection of wastewater. This leads to the fact that you will often need to extract the contents, especially if you have a huge family. Everything would be fine, it is possible to do the work on your own (despite the fact that it is uncomfortable and you need to use special equipment), but where to put the waste later? Based on this, it is necessary to resort to the services of sewers, which is not entirely advisable for 200-250 liters.

Concrete products


Very rarely, cement containers are used to collect and store waste. If earlier it would have been expedient, then today, at a time when we have other materials that have good properties and are better suited for this purpose, concrete is significantly inferior. And this is mainly associated with the properties of the material itself. Concrete is simply defenseless against moisture and water, which simply destroys it. That's why you won't have such a reservoir for a long time. At the same time, you will spend a large amount of money and effort on its equipment. As in the case of iron products, special equipment will be required to install cement structures. It is not necessary to say separately about some pros and cons, since everything is clear with this. Now cement constructions are actually not used.

What material for waste storage to choose is a purely personal matter. You have the opportunity to compare the pros and cons of one or another type and select the best one. But to be frank, plastic structures the most profitable. All you need is to calculate the required quantity, purchase the unit and install it, that's all! Easy, simple and reliable! Such tanks will serve you faithfully for many years, and they do not need constant care. Let's look at how to choose the right plastic tank so that it is ergonomic and lasts a long time.

Rules for choosing plastic barrels


So, having decided to use a plastic tank for storing waste, first of all you need to go to a specialized store and buy such a unit. But how to choose right the best way? What are the specific selection criteria? Let's define.


Considering all the advice, you have the opportunity to purchase a container that fully meets your needs and which would serve for a long time and reliably. Now, at a time when everything is ready, it is possible to start installation work which you can do yourself.

Preparatory work for installing a sewer tank

The whole essence of the work is contained in the fact that you need to dig a huge hole under the tank and bury it. It all comes down to land works for which you need to stock up on such tools:

  • shovel, depending on the number of assistants;
  • shovel;
  • buckets;
  • scrap, for working with soil in which there are a large number of stones;
  • a plumb line to regulate the verticality of the pit;
  • level;
  • a hammer;
  • roulette;
  • pegs and rope to mark.

Having everything necessary tools, it is possible to go to preparatory stages. They are usually divided into 3 categories:

  1. Preparing tools.
  2. Calculation of the required tank volume.
  3. Choosing the best location.

We have already dealt with the tools. As for the volume of the tank, as mentioned above, there is a special formula, thanks to which you have the opportunity to determine how much you need. This formula looks like this:

V=n?x?V days,

  • V is the desired quantity;
  • n - day period after which you want to carry out cleaning work;
  • x - the number of tenants who live in the house;
  • V days - the amount of wastewater that is expected per 1 person per day.

For example, in order to understand, let's imagine a family that consists of 3 members. Approximately 150 liters of wastewater is consumed per person per day. You want your tank to be cleaned every two months, in other words, every 60 days. Now it turns out:

Using the calculator, it is immediately possible to find out that your desired amount is 27,000 liters. It turns out that a tank of no less than 27 m 3 is suitable for your needs, which you will need to clean every two months. You just have to substitute your numbers and draw certain conclusions.

Advice! Calculating the amount of the tank is quite simple. Despite the fact that if this point is neglected, this can lead to negative consequences.


Now you need to choose a suitable place on your site. Simply pointing your finger at any area you like is the wrong tactic. There are specific tank placement requirements that need to be addressed:

  1. In order for sewage to flow freely and by gravity into the tank, it must be installed at the lowest point of your site. Then the pipes will be placed at an angle, and blockages will not form in them.
  2. In order for the container to be comfortably cleaned, it is fundamentally important to provide an entrance to the place so that the sewer machine can easily get in that direction. And you need to do this without paying attention to the fact that you plan to clean the tank with your own hands.
  3. It is recommended that sewer pipes, through which effluents enter the tank, were straight. That is why you will not need to install additional equipment, such as, for example, rotary wells.
  4. Not to "enjoy" unpleasant odors from the container, do not place it too close to the house. But even if the tank is located at a large distance, this will lead to additional waste, since the length of the pipeline will be greater. The most optimal distance from the tank to the house is 6 m.

All you have to do before work is to choose a place and proceed with the installation. This is what we are going to do for now!

Installing a plastic tank

One of serious advantages plastic products have ease of installation. In addition, if you do not have the proper experience in construction and plumbing, you can do everything yourself. All you need is the right tools, following the instructions, some help from a friend or relative, and, in fact, a desire! Let's divide all the work into a couple of stages, so that it is more ergonomic and understandable for you:


On this, all work is completed, and your tank is ready for operation. If everything is right to choose and install the container as directed, then it will help you for many years, making your stay in your home comfortable and enjoyable.


And so that you have the opportunity to know, at a time when it is time to clean the container, it is possible to use a signal float. The set of some products includes such an element, but if you do not have it, it does not matter. It is possible to do it yourself. In order to bring the idea to life, take a steel bar, a catchy Styrofoam ball, an aquarium suction cup and liquid nails glue. So, first put a marking scale on the bar. Better - in case it is fluorescent paint. Place a suction cup on the end of the steel bar, which must be glued to the bottom. So the rod is securely fixed and does not damage the bottom. Well, in the end, you need to put a catchy ball on the rod, which will freely move along your scale. Place the float so that when you open the lid, you can immediately notice where your ball is. It will show the amount of content.

As you can see, equipping a container for collecting sewage waste is not so easy. All work can be easily done on your own without the help of specialists, who, by the way, would charge you decent money for this service. The use of a plastic tank is advisable, the material has many advantages, and this design will serve you for a long time. This, perhaps, is an intermediate solution between a septic tank and cesspool, and it is justified from an environmental point of view.

Video

The following video demonstrates the installation of a plastic sewer tank:

Read other than this:

  • How to make a cesspool out of tires.
  • Cesspool cleaning.