Proper ventilation in the bath: the steam room does not need waste. Consider the schemes in the Russian bath and frame walls. Natural ventilation in the bath: principles of arrangement and layout of ventilation holes Ventilation scheme in a wooden bath

15.11.2019

The temperature background and the high level of moisture in the bath are favorable conditions for the settlement of all kinds of harmful microorganisms. Among them are bacteria, viruses, mold fungi that destroy wood and the pulmonary system of lovers of bath procedures. Properly made ventilation in the bath will get rid of the listed negativity. How to make it?

We will tell you all about the rules for organizing ventilation systems designed to dry wet rooms. The use of reliable information will help to develop and implement an impeccable ventilation project. The data submitted for consideration are based on building codes and the practical experience of builders.

The article describes in detail the methods of construction of ventilation systems designed to remove water suspended in the air, drying finishes and supporting structures. The materials and components required for their arrangement are described. Effective assistance in mastering a difficult topic will be provided by photo applications and video guides.

The bath needs regular air renewal. This is a safety requirement for people taking bath procedures. Also, proper ventilation can extend the service life to 50 years or more.

The type of ventilation system is selected individually and depends on the location, size of the structure, and materials used in construction.

Bath ventilation schemes

All existing ventilation systems according to the principle of operation are divided into natural, forced and combined. In the first case, ventilation occurs due to the arbitrary entry of street air, its mixing in the room and the displacement of the exhaust air through the holes in a natural way.

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If there is insulation, then a counter-lattice is required to provide ventilation between the insulation and other layers of the roof. It is also used for ventilation of wall structures so that condensation does not form in the thickness of the layers.

To dry the floors, burst ventilation is used or a ventilated floor is equipped. This option should be considered at the construction stage. To do this, a rough floor is performed, carefully pouring concrete at a slope, and the finishing floor is laid from boards. hardwood leaving small gaps between them. Such floor provides fast removal of excess moisture.

It is important to properly organize ventilation in all areas of the bath. Particular attention should be paid to the washing / shower, where high humidity threatened by the formation of fungus and mold

All bath rooms need ventilation, including:

washing room;
dressing room / rest room;
other premises.

To arrange proper ventilation, you have to choose optimal scheme, suitable for the requirements and conditions of a particular bath. It is important to remember that Fresh air must enter all rooms and be removed from all.

They build ventilation ducts, make supply and exhaust openings in the walls or mount a whole system of air ducts - everything is very individual

Experienced craftsmen do not recommend laying complex systems ventilation ducts, preferring to stay at the very simple solution suitable for a particular case. The rule here is the simpler the better. Yes, and at a price a simple option will cost several times cheaper.

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Bath procedures are not only one of good ways maintain hygiene, but also the ability to remove accumulated harmful substances and toxins from the body. However, in order for the visit to be comfortable and beneficial, a good one is needed to exclude the possibility of the formation of fungi and mold due to high humidity. Ventilation in the bath, equipped by specialists or with your own hands, will ensure the flow of fresh air into the room and remove exhaust gases and fumes resulting from the operation of the heater and the use of hot water.

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Do you really need ventilation in the bath or can you do without it?

The functions of bath ventilation are complicated by the fact that it should contribute to a fairly rapid removal of moist air from the premises and qualitatively regulate the temperature in the steam room. It is especially important to have a good exhaust system for baths equipped with gas and solid fuels - to maintain the combustion process in such structures, an influx of an impressive amount of air is required. Lack of ventilation will lead to excessive concentration of carbon dioxide, which adversely affects the health of people and which can lead to loss of consciousness.

Inexperienced craftsmen try to carefully isolate the premises, sealing up the slightest gaps to increase the speed of heating the steam room and keep the heat longer. However, this is the wrong approach, since ventilation holes must be mandatory. Properly arranged allows you to:

create a healthy microclimate in the bath;
reduce the concentration of humidity and quickly drain the premises;
get rid of carbon dioxide;
quickly warm up the steam room and other bath rooms;
eliminate stagnant and unpleasant odors;
get rid of pathogenic fungi and mold;
keep in original form interior decoration premises.

From the foregoing, it becomes clear how important the device is in the exhaust system bath. Before you make ventilation in the bath, you must first learn about its varieties and basic installation schemes.

Effective ventilation in the bath - scheme and device

Before you further deal with the exhaust system and proceed with its arrangement, you should know that ventilation can be natural and forced. There are also differences in ventilation systems and their schemes depending on the location. Well, now about everything in order.

natural ventilation

This option is optimal for most baths, as it is the cheapest and quite effective. The location of the ventilation openings must be determined based on the size of the room, the location of the heater and shelves, as well as the material from which the sauna is built. Whatever the ventilation schemes in the baths, there is one general rule- the supply opening should be located at a height of 20-30 cm from the floor level, and the exhaust at the same distance, but from the ceiling.

The dimensions of the vents should be approximately 300-400 mm 2. If the air exchange is too fast, which will cause a decrease in the temperature in the steam room, the ventilation openings must be covered with special control dampers. For improvement appearance it is advisable to mount decorative grilles on the vents, which can be easily bought in specialized stores or made by hand.

However, this type of ventilation is not suitable for a steam room. All ventilation openings (inlet and outlet) must be at the same level from the floor. Thus, the incoming air streams are heated from the furnace and rise up, while the cooled air flows down and enter the exhaust vents. To keep the heat in the room, the openings can be closed with special dampers.

Forced ventilation

Mechanical movement of air is carried out by installing special devices on the ventilation openings (). This will allow you to quickly update the air, which is very important, especially in the washing room. This ventilation option is well suited in cases where it is installed in the bath. The forced exhaust scheme in the bath has a number of advantages over the natural one:

it is possible to filter incoming air masses;
maintaining a given microclimate;
even distribution of heated air.

For large volumes of fresh air to enter the steam room, it is necessary that the ventilation openings are located diametrically to each other. During installation, it is not necessary to place the inlet and exhaust vents at the same level in order to exclude the closure of air flows, which will cause a concentration of cooled air below, and on the contrary, it will be very hot at the top.

Important! Since high humidity and high temperature are the main enemies of any electrical equipment, the fan housing must have reliable moisture protection, and the connection must be made in full accordance with the PUE.

The advantage of forced-type ventilation is accelerated air exchange and advanced adjustment options. Such an exhaust system is equally effective regardless of the strength and direction of the wind, as well as weather conditions.

The device in the baths of floor ventilation

The floors in the bath rooms are operated in extreme conditions. The impact of moisture on the floor is carried out both from below from the side of the soil, and from above. The most difficult conditions are created in the steam room, where hot steam comes into contact with the wooden flooring, cooling and condensing. The resulting condensate penetrates into and creates a favorable environment for the development of fungus and mold.

An effective floor ventilation scheme helps prevent the damaging effects of mold and remove excess steam. Floor ventilation can be natural or forced. However, for efficiency in the device ventilation system the following conditions must be adhered to:

prevent floor cooling during the adoption of procedures;
ensure fast and efficient drying, but it is important not to overdo it in order to prevent cracking of the wood;
the arrangement of the ventilation system is required to be carried out at the construction stage.

When arranging ventilation vents, one must take into account the climate, wind conditions, landscape, sources of pollution, as well as internal factors - the type and location of the heater, construction doorways, presence and window vents. Most often, vents for ventilation are located at 3 different levels:

under flooring or in ;
under the heating structure or at the level of its foundation;
in the wall at a distance of 350-450 mm. from the floor level (best done behind the heater).

The device in the ventilation baths under the floors has a number of advantages. In addition to eliminating condensate and improving the quality of drying the floor covering, the air flow from below does not form drafts and, therefore, ventilation can also be used in the process of taking bath procedures. For greater efficiency, it is important to correctly create a drain system to remove drains outside the building.

Creating air exchange in the foundation of the bath

The creation of an exhaust system in the bath is extremely necessary, as it not only helps to prevent the formation of mold, but also to protect the building from rot. The characteristics of the ventilation system are calculated at the design stage. The type and location of bath ventilation largely depends on the prevailing winds, topography and the presence of water bodies, which often cause buildings to flood.

It is possible to ensure normal air circulation by arranging several holes, the number and size of which are calculated in accordance with the size of the bath. The diameter of the vents must be at least 110 mm. Ventilation openings are usually made opposite each other. In the event that the building is located in a lowland, is densely surrounded by other buildings, or there are natural barriers to the free movement of air flows, then vents must be arranged on all sides of the foundation, since this is the only way to achieve high-quality ventilation.

The ventilation system in the baths in the steam rooms

Traditionally, a stove-heater is installed in the steam room, which forms the basis. The air from the steam room passes through the blower, which ensures its good circulation. To obtain the maximum outflow of air masses, the stove should be installed below the level of the finished floor, and to start the process of ventilation of the room, it is enough to slightly open the window or front door. The disadvantage of such a ventilation scheme in the steam rooms of the baths is that when there is no combustion process, the air circulation stops.

In addition to the heater, ventilation in the steam room is provided by additional openings with special dampers to regulate air exchange. After each bath procedure, you should open it for a while, otherwise the air in the room will be heavy and humid, and there is also a risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

When the furnace is being heated and the room is being heated, the ventilation in the steam room must be closed. After the steam room is fully warmed up, the exhaust dampers can be opened. To exclude the formation of reverse thrust, it is necessary at the stage to make sure that the exhaust openings are larger in area than the supply openings.

In the event that the stove is not installed in the steam room itself, then a different ventilation scheme is used in steam Russian baths. Near at a height of 300 mm. an inlet is made from the floor level, and an exhaust opening is arranged on the opposite wall from it at a distance of 300 mm. from the ceiling. Sometimes an inlet is made at the bottom of the wall behind the stove so that the air coming from the street is heated from the heater and the room cools moderately. On the wall opposite from the heating device, 2 holes are made that will form a single exhaust duct. The first opening is located at a height of 1,000 mm. from the floor level, and the other under the ceiling. With this ventilation scheme, the steam room warms up faster and, accordingly, fuel is saved.

Air exchange device in the washing

In the washing room, as well as in the steam room, there is high humidity, which contributes to the appearance of mold and fungi. To avoid this, it is necessary to create an effective ventilation system in washing baths. Wash room a large number of moisture accumulates under the floor, therefore, to remove it, it will be enough to lay an asbestos pipe, one end of which is under the floor covering, and the other is brought out to the roof and equipped with a deflector.

The creation of effective controlled ventilation in the sinks of the baths will ensure dryness, moderate temperature, fresh air supply, carbon monoxide and fuel economy.

Scheme of ventilation in the dressing rooms

The proximity of the dressing room to the steam room leads to the fact that condensate settles on the wooden surfaces of the sheathing. To preserve the cladding and prevent decay processes, the room must be well insulated and drafts excluded. Most simple circuit ventilation for the dressing room consists in the removal of moist air through the washing or. It is best to organize a forced-type ventilation system for this room.

How to properly ventilate the bath

Having more or less dealt with the ventilation system in the bath, you must also take into account other important points. The exhaust device must not:

cause a breach temperature regime indoors;
allow cold air to rise to the ceiling;
remove fresh air from the room.

The principles by which it is created in the bath proper ventilation premises, depend on the architectural features of the construction of the building. In the event that special slots are provided in the floors for water drainage, then fresh air can flow through them and there is no need to make additional exhaust openings.

Often they make small windows, which, when opened, act as a hood. In addition, if the furnace of the heater is located directly in the steam room, then ventilation is even easier - just open the combustion chamber and adjust the air exchange by changing the position of the damper. These are the simplest, but most effective and low-cost options for installing a ventilation system.

Features of air exchange in frame baths

If in or air circulation is carried out through the rows of lower rims, then in buildings frame type sheathed in a large number thermal insulation material, there is no natural ventilation and for this reason it is necessary to provide for the creation of special openings with dampers.

most efficient system for the bath is supply- exhaust ventilation. To organize high-quality air exchange, it is necessary to create two channels. One of them is located near the floor and serves to bring fresh air into the room (if necessary, you can install a fan), and the second is arranged at a short distance from the ceiling and is necessary to remove hot and humid air masses and carbon monoxide. Ventilation openings in frame baths should be equipped with special control dampers.

When creating a ventilation system, it is necessary to take into account the area and shape of the steam room, as well as the location of the heater.

Chopped bath ventilation

In the Russian bath, where steam was traditionally prepared by hand, forced air circulation schemes are not suitable. In order for natural ventilation in wooden baths to contribute to healing, the following schemes should be followed when creating it:

ensure the possibility of ventilation (creation of windows, door and ventilation openings);
the upper borders of doors and windows should be at the same level;
for couples small size simple ventilation is sufficient;
a heater with a chimney is a natural exhaust of exhaust air and gases;
for normal air exchange, it is possible to equip a ventilation supply opening with a damper and an exhaust opening under the ceiling next to the heater.

The device for good ventilation in a log cabin is very important point, since it is necessary to exclude the accumulation of excessive moisture, which adversely affects wooden structure and can lead to the development of pathogenic fungi and mold.

Ventilation system in a brick building

You should think about the arrangement of ventilation in brick baths even at the construction stage. Since a brick building does not provide for natural air circulation, the number and location of openings should be taken into account in advance.

The air exchange system in a natural way is identical to that in a Russian bath - the inlet is located next to the stove, and the exhaust is under the ceiling. However, if the bath is designed for a large number of people, then you should think about creating a forced ventilation system.

The fan must be installed at the inlet of the exhaust duct leading to. To speed up air circulation, several exhaust pipes, but it may be necessary to install supply valves so that the air masses are not discharged due to the difference in the volumes of supply and exhaust air. An overly powerful fan can lead to the same problem, and a device that does not match the area of \u200b\u200bthe room in terms of power will not be able to perform its functions normally and the air exchange in the steam room will be rather weak.

Ventilation Bastu

Recently, to create ventilation systems, there are new and more effective solutions. Such innovations include the ventilation scheme in the Bastu bath. Among Russians, this system is very popular because of the ease of installation and high efficiency.

The principle of ventilation according to Bast is as follows. The red-hot heater plays the role heat pump and draws air from the supply duct. Cold streams, passing through, heat up very quickly and rise to the ceiling. Naturally, they push an equal volume of near-floor air through the exhaust duct. In the Bastu ventilation system, the supply and exhaust openings are located at the bottom.

For the device of such ventilation, two stainless pipes are required - the lower one is installed diagonally from the heater at a height of 200 mm. from the floor, and the top above the stove. Both outlets must be equipped with damper grilles. However, like all natural-type ventilation systems, Bastu can only work when the stove is running or when there is strong wind outside.

The main advantage of the Bastu ventilation installed in Russian baths is the ease of installation, which you can do yourself, thereby saving your money.

Competent ventilation device in the bath

Normal ventilation can be only if the conditions for the inflow of fresh air and the removal of exhaust air are created in the room. Despite the common concepts - ventilation is not entirely true, since it is always supply and exhaust. The principles of operation of ventilation for any premises are almost the same - fresh air enters through the supply opening and is removed through the exhaust.

When calculating ventilation systems, it is necessary to take into account the volume and purpose of the premises, the presence or likelihood of the formation of carbon monoxide or other chemical compounds harmful to health. Regulatory acts establish the frequency of air exchange within an hour, which can fluctuate 1-10 times or more. Next, the parameters and location of future air ducts are determined, taking into account the climatic zones and weather conditions characteristic of the area. In the event that natural-type ventilation is not able to provide the necessary air exchange rate, then forced-type systems are used.

Where to place a window in the bath?

Windows in the bath are not only a source of light, but also a way to ventilate it. There is an erroneous opinion that the window in the steam room adversely affects the safety of steam in the room and the temperature. However, experienced attendants are advised to make even two windows in the steam room. One window is located above the shelves, and if the steam turned out to be too hot or someone felt unwell, then just open the window and everything will be in order. The second window is placed under the shelves, which allows you to quickly dry the sunbeds. It is made small and opaque.

Important! According to safety regulations, sauna windows should open inward.

It is also worth installing a window in the washing room. It will not only help to ventilate the room, but also to urgently evacuate in case of fire. The dimensions of the window should be such that a medium-sized adult can climb through it. Some bath owners are interested in the question: is it possible to install? If in the washing room, then yes. However, in a steam room, where the temperature reaches one hundred and above, the material from which the windows are made will begin to release toxic substances and warp. For windows in the steam room, it is best to use wood that is not resinous. You can easily install a window in a bath with your own hands, since the technology is no different from installing it in a residential building.

On a note! Bath windows for greater heat retention are best done with double glazing and good sealing.

Fan in the air exchange system of the bath

To create a high-quality forced ventilation system, you will need the following parts:

duct box;
and lattice;
damper;
fan;
net;

Grate made of wood or heat-resistant plastic and metal grid prevent insects and domestic insects from entering the premises. A corrugated hose or a galvanized pipe is usually used as an air duct. Experts do not recommend installing plastic pipes in a steam room, since they are not designed for operation at high temperatures.

It is advisable to install the fan only on one, for example, on the supply air. Fans used for baths must be made of heat-resistant materials and have good sealing.

A video on how to make a fan with your own hands will more clearly show the process (a bladeless version is presented):

ventilation valves

The ventilation valve for the bath is mounted in the supply and exhaust ducts. There are two types of this device - KIV (air infiltration valve) and KPV (forced ventilation valve). Outwardly, they practically do not differ from each other, and the principle of their work is the same. The outer part of the damper is equipped with inclined shutters to prevent water from entering from the outside, and the inner part is equipped with a head and membranes for sound and heat insulation.

When installing valves, you should follow a few recommendations:

for bath ventilation it is necessary to install dampers made of heat-resistant materials;
installation must be done on load-bearing walls baths;
it is not advisable to mount the valves on the walls facing the or trash can.

Related article:

Ensuring a healthy atmosphere different ways. If you install the supply valve in the wall - the problem will be solved quickly. In a special publication, we will consider how to correctly select and mount it.

Vents in the baths

Vents, or as they are also called, vents, can be round, rectangular or square. They are located at the base of the building and on the roof. In the baths, the products are located at a distance of 2 meters from each other, and if there are holes in the basement, then holes are made in them. In these elementary ventilation ducts it is also necessary to install gratings to protect against rodents.

The video shows how to make an vent in the bath

How to make an extract in the bath

Do-it-yourself exhaust device in the bath is a simple matter, but nevertheless, it must be approached with the calculation and slowly. First of all, you need to decide on the scheme, the choice of appropriate materials and calculate the diameter. The volume of supply air must be equal to or less than the volume of air removed. To comply with this condition, it is necessary to know the volume of the room and the frequency of air exchange. The air speed in the main line should be no more than 5 m/s, in the steam room - 2 m/s, in the branches - 3 m/s and natural ventilation - 1 m/s. In the table, you can find the most suitable pipe diameter for obtaining the desired air volume at the specified flow rate.

Now knowing the diameter, it remains to take the appropriate pipe or corrugation and fix one end in the room, and bring the other out. For fixing, use self-tapping screws, metallized adhesive tape and mounting foam. A damper is placed at the inlet, and a grate at the outlet. Ventilation ducts should be cleaned at least once a year.

For a visual understanding of how to properly draw a hood in the bath, we suggest watching the video

Do-it-yourself ventilation in the bath: a step-by-step guide

Do-it-yourself ventilation of the bath is not a big deal. Consider the creation of a forced air exchange system using the example of a frame bath. For this you will need:

valve;
fan;
pipe of the appropriate diameter;
gratings;
drill with a long drill;
screwdriver and .

A step-by-step guide on how to make ventilation in the bath with your own hands

Photo stages	Process description
	At the location of the ventilation passage, attach a pipe to the wall and circle it with a marker or pencil.
	Drill at least two holes along the resulting circle with a diameter exceeding the width of the jigsaw file.
	We cut the casing with a jigsaw, making a hole for the ventilation pipe.
	Remove the wood trim.
	With a construction knife, we remove part of the heat and vapor barrier.
	Extract carefully.
	We make through holes with a long drill so as not to make a mistake with the opening on the outside of the wall.

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Proper implementation of the appropriate design improves the performance of the facility and ensures a high level of safety and comfort. Properly designed ventilation will help extend the life of the building. After reading this article, you will find out if ventilation is needed in the bath, you will be able to create the necessary design with my own hands. Here you will find information about materials and individual components, installation and construction technologies. Professional advice will help eliminate errors and reduce costs.

High-quality ventilation is one of the most important components of a good bath.

To accurately determine the parameters of the project, it is necessary to clarify its intended purpose. Creating for a bath allows you to solve the following practical problems:

supply of fresh air;
combustion products, carbon dioxide, and other harmful substances are removed;
destructive processes of decay and corrosion are prevented.

Of course, the operation of this system should not worsen other consumer characteristics of the building. For example, if the intake of cold air is excessive, the cost of maintaining a high temperature will increase.

This list of actions will help you figure out how to make ventilation in such a way that you do not miss important points:

Determine the air flow path (through ducts and inside the room).
Find out how to organize ventilation in different rooms buildings.
It is necessary to take into account the combined effect of ventilation and heating, the characteristics of wall materials and other characteristics of the building.
It is necessary to find out which nodes and finished goods useful for creating an efficient modern-day ventilation system.

How high-quality ventilation works in a bath: scheme and device, features of different rooms

For electrical wiring, a suitable cable is used that provides reliable insulation even when immersed in liquid. The switch is installed in the rest room, or in another room with a normal level of humidity.

For ventilation in the bath sink, you can use a small window or a special channel. In any case, it is necessary to configure the system in such a way as to exclude drafts. You can combine the supply parts here and in the steam room to increase the air temperature and provide ventilation for wooden flooring.

Ventilation design in the dressing room

In this room, the organization of fresh air access does not differ from a similar system in an ordinary living room. The use of natural and forced ventilation in various combinations is available. It must be remembered that hypothermia provokes the occurrence of colds and other diseases.

Note! Log houses have special features. They create comfortable temperature conditions in rooms without special technical means due to the natural micro-ventilation of the walls. For intensive ventilation, you can open doors, windows.

Related article:

In a separate publication, you will learn about the most successful layouts baths with an extension in the form of a veranda or terrace.

How to properly ventilate the bath: differences between buildings made of different materials

In this section, the architectural features of the structure are studied in detail. Proper ventilation in the bath should not have a negative impact on the structural parts. Moreover, it creates favorable conditions for extending the service life without overhaul. In order not to make a mistake and not to take unnecessary actions, an appropriate system must be created at the design stage. An example with a concrete foundation illustrates the convenience of mounting holes using embedded parts. Their drilling in a frozen block will be accompanied by significant difficulties.

frame structure

The gaps between the frame elements are filled mineral wool. It is covered with a polymer film to prevent moisture from entering. Outside - install lining, with painting, other finishing coatings.

Such a structure can be created quickly, with minimal cost. A light structure does not need a strong foundation. The multilayer construction of the walls has low thermal conductivity, which reduces operating costs. In order not to violate their tightness, ventilation channels in the frame bath are installed in advance, along with the installation of structural structural elements.

Note! If you use polyurethane foam boards, the cost of the project will increase slightly. But in this case no special precautions are needed. The insulating properties of these materials do not deteriorate in conditions of high humidity.

The nuances that are taken into account when equipping a log house

To correctly determine the ventilation parameters in a wooden bath, the following features must be taken into account:

Buildings made of these materials have natural ventilation. But its performance is not enough for a bath.
supply and exhaust system created so as to ensure rapid removal of moisture after the completion of a session of wellness treatments.
If forced ventilation is selected, the wiring will be carried out taking into account the proximity of combustible materials. It is necessary to follow the rules of specialized standards exactly.
Treatment with anti-rotting agents and other chemicals is carried out carefully to prevent them from entering the atmosphere of the premises. It is advisable not to use potentially hazardous substances to create decorative and protective coatings in the washing and steam rooms.

Note! Such buildings are built on strip foundation. The base of the floor is made of concrete. In these elements, holes are created at the stage of pouring the solution.

Related article:

In a separate post you will find interesting ideas for finishing steam rooms and rest rooms, as well as learn the main stages of installation.

Correct installation of ventilation in a brick house

Structures made of these materials are highly resistant to various types of external influences. They are able to withstand heavy loads without damage. They are not destroyed by changes in temperature and humidity, harmful insects and microorganisms. In the absence of flammability, special measures are not needed when installing power lines.

In order not to use such heavy operations, the necessary passes are made during the masonry process. For the exact performance of work, marks are made in the design documentation. At the stage of project preparation, the parameters and installation lines of electrical networks are determined.

The use of bastu for a bath: scheme, operation

This technology has been used in Sweden for hundreds of years. It provides effective ventilation of premises without electric drives. An additional advantage is the economical consumption of thermal energy.

The figure shows a system for two rooms. In the steam room, air is supplied to the space under the furnace. With the help of a special casing, the basic principle of the technology is implemented: “inverted glass”. The heated air stream under pressure enters the rooms. Output paths - as in the standard version, through the box, with a fence from the lower parts of the rooms. The use of bastu ventilation in a Russian bath will allow you to quickly dry the floors. Pay attention to the separate inflow installed in the rest room. With the help of a metered supply of cold / warm air, you can maintain comfortable temperature conditions at any time of the year.

Ventilation device in the bath: selection and proper use of the main components of the structure

Before proceeding to the study of individual elements, it should be noted the principles of operation of ventilation of different types:

When choosing forced ventilation, it is necessary to correctly use the appropriate electrically driven technology.

Window in the bath: where to place, what requirements apply to materials

When choosing suitable products, the climatic conditions in the region are taken into account. For the northern regions, triple-glazed windows are installed with good insulating characteristics. If plastic frames are purchased, you need to check the number of cameras.

To avoid fogging, you can use the data from the following table. The values in it correspond to the temperature outside, at which droplets of moisture condense on the inside of the glass:

Room temperature, °C	Humidity, %
	20	30	40	60	80	100
0	-20	-15	-12	-6,9	-3,1	0
5	-15,8	-11	-7,5	-2,2	1,8	4,8
10	-11,8	-6,8	-2,8	2,7	6,8	10,1
15	-7,6	-2,5	-1,4	7,4	11,7	15,8
20	-3,7	1,8	5,9	11,8	16,3	20,1
25	-0,4	6,1	10,4	16,6	21,2	24,8

When choosing an installation location, enter the dimensions of the block in the opening with the following gaps:

bottom: 40 to 60 mm;
top: 15 to 25 mm;
on the sides: from 15 to 25 mm.

It is necessary to take into account a significant change in the size of the opening in a wooden structure. To prevent damage to the frame, special damping elements are installed. In brick buildings, such precautions are not needed. The doors must be free to open. If necessary, other curtains are installed from the inside.

Note! In order to avoid damage by high temperature and to prevent deterioration of the composition of the atmosphere, windows are not installed in the steam room.

Video: do-it-yourself window installation technology in the bath

Suitable fan parameters

The forced system is installed with a large area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. It will be needed in a building made of brick, or other materials that do not allow air to pass through.

When choosing a fan for a bath, check the following parameters:

To calculate the performance, multiply by 5. The margin (20-40%) is added taking into account the characteristics of a particular room.
Cases and impellers of high-quality specialized equipment are made of polymers (composite materials) resistant to high temperatures and ultraviolet radiation.
Rubber seals reduce noise and Negative influence vibrations on structural integrity.
The shaft is fixed on durable ball bearings, which perform their functions fully without lubrication and other routine procedures.
All electrical components are reliably protected from moisture.
When equipped, it prevents the air from moving in the opposite direction when the appliance is turned off.

The video below explains the DIY fan installation process. This instruction can be used for the installation of equipment in the bath, bathroom, toilet.

Varieties of valves for ventilation ducts

The non-return ventilation valve for the bath does not let through cold air outside. Similar phenomena can occur, for example, when strong wind. The figure shows that the damper is moved by a counterweight. There are no electric drives and other complex components, which explains the relatively low cost.

Valves are selected according to different needs:

The corresponding modifications are intended for vertical or horizontal installation.
They produce special products for round and square ducts.
To increase resistance to corrosion processes, metal valves are coated with a layer of zinc.
Some models are designed specifically to work with a fan.

Installing an outlet in the bath

The optimal air flow path helps to correctly determine the installation parameters of the inlet and outlet. If the air in the bath is set at the same level, the desired effect of uniform heating will not be obtained. The stream will take the shortest path, creating a draft. It is also recommended to consider the following points when planning:

Nice, heat-resistant diffusers

Article

Ventilation in the bath is essential. First of all, ventilation is designed to ensure the safety of people who take bath procedures.

Everyone knows that when you breathe, you inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. In a tightly closed room, he will begin to suffocate after a while. And in the steam room, where the temperature is high and the concentration of water vapor, this will begin to happen even faster.

Relaxing on a shelf, there is no time to get to the saving one. The price of the wrong ventilation device can be too high.

The second important factor is the decay of the tree. Enjoying bath procedures and benefiting from them, smelling rot and mold, is very problematic. Therefore, proper ventilation in a Russian bath is a guarantee not only of its benefits, but also of the health of vacationers.

In the photo - rotting wood with insufficient drying of the tree

Experts believe that such a ventilation device in the bath can be considered correct, in which the air in the room is replaced three times in one hour. The ventilation scheme in the bath is selected depending on the type of structure and materials used in the construction of the walls.

General principles of ventilation in the bath

The correct arrangement of the bath and ventilation in it, regardless of the type of structure, is based on the following basic principles:

Fresh air that enters the steam room should not violate its temperature regime;
The already exhausted air, which contains the most carbon dioxide, should be removed from the room;
The location of the air in the steam room should be layered: the hottest - under the ceiling, on the bench - the most comfortable and cold - near the floor.

Note!
There should be no draft in the steam room!

If all these principles are followed, then bath procedures will bring the maximum effect for which they are calculated - the restoration of mental and physical strength.

Ventilation device in a free-standing wooden bath

The tree is considered ideal building material for a bath. wooden walls"breathe", so the issue of air exchange is partially solved in a natural way.

However, even in a wooden building in a steam room, ventilation is necessary. At least for quick drying of the tree after taking bath procedures.

An important role in the air exchange processes is played by the operation of the sauna stove. When water is poured on, a column of hot steam is created, which rises up. As it cools, it lowers, pushing the used air out of the steam room.

Together, the above factors allow you to create in the steam room required humidity and temperature, and ensure normal air circulation.

Let us consider in more detail the ventilation device in wooden baths. The main tasks for us, of course, will be to ensure the inflow of fresh air and the removal of already exhausted air. Our instructions will help you cope with these tasks.

Ensuring air flow

The correct frame is laid in such a way that the lower crowns are free. With this installation, it is possible to access fresh air from the street.

In addition, in any case, there will be gaps around the steam room door that are sufficient for it to enter. The stove in such baths is placed closer to the door so that it immediately heats up.

If the steam room is designed for 6 or more people, a separate air duct is brought to the heater, which supports the combustion process. If you make this duct double, then the problem of fresh air supply is solved once and for all.

Exhaust air removal

If the heater is heated directly from the steam room, then the exhaust air is ejected through the furnace into. At correct installation oven, additional holes are not required.

In order to dry the room after the end of the bath procedures, a small hole can be cut in the wall (up to 200x200 mm). At the time of heating and work of the steam room, it is closed with a special plug.

If there is a window in the steam room, such a hole is not needed. Sometimes a window from the steam room is cut through into the washing room, and either a through hole to the street or another window is already made in the washing room. Thus, when drying, two birds with one stone are immediately killed, both the steam room and the washing room are dried.

Thus, the myth that wooden bath ventilation is not needed, confirmed when the following conditions are met:

The steam room is calculated for 2-4 people;
The lower crowns of the log house are laid freely;
The stove-heater is heated directly from the steam room;
There is a hole or window in the wall for ventilation.

Actually, such family baths are usually built on personal plots.

Ventilation device in a free-standing brick bath

A brick structure, as well as a structure made of foam concrete, expanded clay blocks and other capital structures, is another matter. Ventilation in brick bath more complex.

The first difference is that the floors in a brick building must be ventilated. The thing is that the floors in the bath are constantly in contact with water, and if they are deaf, then you will have to change the boards about once every three to four years. O unpleasant odors and mold can not even speak.

The ventilation of the floor in the bath is laid even at the stage of foundation construction. To do this, special holes are made in the foundation on opposite sides. These holes will provide through air circulation under the floor and dry the log.

The second difference is the obligatory presence in the steam room of special supply and exhaust openings. There may be several. Two air inlets are made at floor level and covered with bars so that rodents do not penetrate.

There are 4 most popular schemes for the ventilation device in the bath, from which you can choose the most suitable for you.

Scheme No. 1. The air inlet is located behind the stove at a distance of 50 cm from the floor. An exhaust hole is cut in the opposite wall no higher than 30 cm from the floor. A bath fan is installed on it, which will circulate air.

According to this scheme, the air in the steam room is heated evenly, the incoming air is heated from the stove and rises. Cooling, it goes down and exits through the outlet. The lower it is located, the stronger the air flow will be. When using a fan, a ventilation valve can be installed on the outlet.

Scheme No. 2. Suitable for those baths where the stove is heated from the steam room. In this case, the inflow is done directly under the stove. The flow of fresh air is sucked in by the stove, supporting combustion, and provides an inflow directly into the room.

The exhaust hole is located above the floor and connected to it corrugated pipe, which rises up to the level of the roof and goes out into the street. In other cases, the ventilation duct is made in the wall.

Note!
If the walls of the bath are made of expanded clay concrete blocks, then it is best to lay the ventilation ducts during construction.

Scheme No. 3. According to this scheme, ventilation for the bath is arranged through cracks in the floor. In this case, the supply hole is made in the wall near the stove at a height of 30-50 cm from the floor. The air, heated up, rises and exits through the cracks between the floorboards into the basement. From the basement space, it is thrown out with the help of a special pipe.

Note! For normal functioning For this type of ventilation, it is necessary to leave gaps between the floorboards of 5-10 mm.

Scheme No. 4. This scheme is suitable in cases where the stove also heats other rooms.

Fresh air is sucked in by the stove through holes in the floor and, passing through the firebox, goes into the steam room and into the washing room. It is removed from the premises through the holes located below, above the floor level.

There are also combined ventilation schemes, but for their do-it-yourself device, consultation with a specialist is necessary.

To clearly understand how ventilation is arranged in the bath, the video in this article will help you.

The temperature regime of operation of bath rooms is very different from the microclimate of ordinary living rooms. Accordingly, more stringent requirements are put forward for air exchange inside the steam room. AT this manual considers the traditional method of how to properly make ventilation in a bathhouse built with your own hands from any materials - timber, logs or foam blocks.

Why do bathrooms need ventilation?

In the process of washing the air inside the sauna is heated and saturated with moisture. The higher the temperature in the steam room and washing room, the more water vapor the air can absorb. At the end of the bath procedures, the building cools down and the contained moisture begins to condensate on all wooden surfaces, provoking the formation of mold and fungus.

The supply and exhaust in the bath are designed to solve 3 tasks:

Renewal of the air environment during washing in accordance with the requirements of sanitary standards.
Removing excess moisture from the premises, drying wood.
Creating a circulation of moist air in the steam room.

The last point requires clarification. When you steam in a heated Russian banya and add a parka, hot humidified air rises to the ceiling. A properly designed hood removes cooling air masses, due to which circular flows arise that equalize the temperature throughout the entire height of the room. Without ventilation, the lower zone of the steam room will remain cold.

Reference. The physical processes occurring in the Russian and Finnish baths are almost the same. The difference lies in the temperature and degree of air humidity. In the first case, the temperature reaches 70-80 degrees, humidity - up to 70%, in the second - 100 ° C and 30%, respectively (the so-called dry steam).

In the washing room, rest room and dressing room, ordinary ventilation is needed to renew the air environment. For gas operation, an additional inflow is provided to ensure combustion.

Universal air exchange scheme

The classic version is considered the most economical and efficient - natural ventilation in the steam room, shown in the diagram. The main washing system operates as follows:

The inflow is organized through a gap of 2-3 cm under the front door, where heated air from the adjacent room penetrates.
Receiving a dose of heat from the stove and saturated with steam, the hot air mass rises to the ceiling.
Cooling from contact with surfaces and people, the air descends to the lower zone, from where it is removed by means of an exhaust grille and a separate channel arranged in the opposite corner.
The volume of inflow is regulated by a valve installed on the exhaust port.

An important nuance. Hot moist air is much lighter than cold dry air, so the hood is provided from the bottom of the steam room. If you make a ventilation hole near the ceiling, the lion's share of the heat will go outside, it will be uncomfortable in the microclimate near the shelves.

How the bath ventilation system should work, the expert will tell in his video:

An auxiliary hood, made near the ceiling, is designed to ventilate and dry the steam room at the end of bath procedures. During washing, the hole is tightly closed with a valve. Instead of an exhaust opening, it is allowed to use ceiling diffusers or a regular swing-out window.

Consider a few alternative schemes ventilation of the steam room, shown below in the picture:

Supply of inflow directly from the street through a hole made near the stove. From contact with a hot surface, the air instantly warms up, circulates through the steam room and leaves through a vertical box to the outside.
A similar scheme with heating the inflow at the furnace, the exhaust is organized through a hidden channel under a wooden deck. In a steam room with a concrete floor, such a solution is difficult to implement.
The role of the exhaust channel is played by a stove chimney, in which a priori there is good draft.

Note. These schemes are used in certain conditions - when air is supplied from the street, exhausted through the floors, or if the firebox is placed inside the steam room.

In other rooms, the ventilation device is simpler - the hood is provided in the upper zone, the inflow is supplied to the lower one. Moreover, in winter, fresh air must be heated or first passed through a dressing room so that it does not blow cold in the steam room. To clean and heat the street flow, it is advisable to use local supply units with forced air injection.

Option to return air to the shower room through a vertical channel and overflow grille

Choosing the Right Materials

The very idea of a Russian or Finnish bath involves the use of environmentally friendly materials and the corresponding heating equipment. If you are, the use of polymer insulation, glass wool and various plastic elements is not allowed.

To arrange ventilation in the bath (especially in the steam room) with your own hands, it is recommended to purchase the following materials:

air ducts made of galvanized steel or wooden boxes;
grilles, shutters and diffusers - made of wood or painted metal;
sealing pipes with access to the wall - tow, moss, jute;
fans - made of special plastic, with a high degree of electrical protection against moisture.

Advice. Try to use a minimum of metal elements in the steam room. If you raise the temperature to 80-100 ° C, the parts will get very hot and can burn you if accidentally touched.

Inside the steam room to make ventilation from plastic pipe absolutely not recommended. When heated to 100 degrees, the polymer begins to lose stability and release harmful substances. In a good way, you can’t put fans in the steam room either, and there’s no need to.

Forced exhaust creates a powerful air flow, entraining a large amount of heat, the oven will run idle. For drying the bath, the fan is also not a panacea - just open the window and the front door, organizing a draft. Injection is appropriate in one case - when it works Supply unit with heating.

Ideally, ventilation is designed and laid down at the construction stage of the bath. The placement of air ducts is thought out in advance, the furnace model and the air exchange scheme are selected. The best way the main hood - through the floors into the side vertical channel, more economical - grill or diffuser in the wall.

An important point. Often there is a mistake when the owner competently equips the hood, forgets about the inflow and gets a deplorable result - mold in the corners. Remember: without replacement with supply air, exhaust ventilation will not work. Installing a suction fan will not solve the problem either.

When installing ventilation, we suggest following simple recommendations:

If a bath with a steam room has already been built, the ventilation duct can be brought out through the wall and raised to a height of 3-4 m next to the chimney. It is desirable to insulate the pipe, otherwise you will have to deal with condensation. How best to organize the ventilation of bath rooms, look at the video: