VU (input device), ASU (input distribution device), MSB (main switchboard), RP (distribution point).

VU (input device) - a set of structures, devices and devices installed at the input of the supply line to the building or its separate part.

ASU (input-distribution device) is an input device with devices and devices for outgoing lines.

MSB (main switchboard) - a shield through which electricity is supplied to the entire building or its separate part.

RP (distribution point) - a device in which protection devices and switching devices are installed for individual electrical receivers or their groups.

Group shield - a device in which protection devices and switching devices are installed for individual groups of luminaires, socket outlets and stationary electrical receivers.

Floor switchboard - a switchboard installed on the floors of residential buildings and designed to power apartments or apartment switchboards.

At the entrance to the building, a VU or ASU should be installed. One or more VU or ASU can be installed in the building.
If there are several economically isolated consumers in the building, it is recommended to install an independent VU or ASU for each of them.
From the ASU, it is also allowed to supply consumers located in other buildings, provided that these consumers are functionally connected.
With branches from overhead lines with a rated current of up to 25 A, the VU or VRU may not be installed at the inputs to the building if the distance from the branch to the group shield, which in this case performs the functions of the VU, is not more than 3 m. This section of the network must be carried out by a flexible copper cable with conductors with a cross section of at least 4 mm2, flame retardant, laid in steel pipe, while the requirements for ensuring a reliable contact connection with the branch wires must be met.
For air inlet, surge suppressors must be installed.
It is not allowed to install additional cable boxes before entering buildings to separate the service area of ​​external supply networks and networks inside the building. Such separation should be carried out in the ASU or MSB.
VU, VRU, MSB must have protection devices at all inputs of supply lines and at all outgoing lines.
At the input of the supply lines to the VU, ASU, MSB, control devices must be installed. On outgoing lines, control devices can be installed either on each line, or be common to several lines.
The circuit breaker should be considered as a protection and control device.
Control devices, regardless of their presence at the beginning of the supply line, must be installed at the inputs of supply lines in retail premises, utilities, administrative premises, etc., as well as in consumer premises that are administratively and economically separated.
The floor shield must be installed at a distance of no more than 3 m along the length of the electrical wiring from the supply riser.
VU, VRU, MSB, as a rule, should be installed in switchboard rooms accessible only to service personnel. In areas prone to flooding, they should be installed above the flood level.
VU, ASU, MSB can be located in premises allocated in operated dry basements, provided that these premises are accessible to service personnel and are separated from other premises by partitions with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours.
When placing VU, ASU, MSB, distribution points and group shields outside the switchboard rooms, they should be installed in places convenient and accessible for maintenance, in cabinets with a shell protection degree of at least IP31.
The distance from pipelines (water supply, heating, sewerage, internal drains), gas pipelines and gas meters to the installation site must be at least 1 m.
Switchboard rooms, as well as VU, ASU, MSB, are not allowed to be located under sanitary facilities, bathrooms, showers, kitchens (except for apartment kitchens), sinks, washing and steam rooms of baths and other rooms associated with wet technological processes, except for cases when special measures are taken for reliable waterproofing, preventing moisture from entering the premises where switchgears are installed.
It is not recommended to lay pipelines (water supply, heating) through electrical switchboard rooms.
Pipelines (water supply, heating), ventilation and other ducts laid through switchboard rooms should not have branches within the premises (with the exception of a branch to heater the switchboard room itself), as well as hatches, valves, flanges, valves, etc.
Laying gas and pipelines with flammable liquids, sewers and internal drains through these premises is not allowed.
Electrical room doors must open outwards.
Premises where ASU, MSB are installed must have natural ventilation, electric lighting. The room temperature should not be lower than +5°C.
Electrical circuits within the VU, ASU, MSB, distribution points, group shields should be carried out with wires with copper conductors.

In Russia, there is the following definition of ASU:

“7.1.3. Input device (VU) - a set of structures, devices and devices installed at the input of the supply line to the building or to its separate part. The input device, which also includes devices and devices of outgoing lines, is called an input-distribution device (ASU) "

- Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE). Chapter 7.1. Electrical installations of residential, public, administrative and household buildings

The design and scope is determined according to GOST 15150.

In fact, the ASU is an intermediary between transformer substations (supply electric line) and the local power grids of the building, participating in the distribution of electricity with a voltage of 220/380V. Cable entry is made from below to the introductory machine. He is being followed various connections, tires and machines.

The use of ASUs is not limited to energy distribution, you can often find ASUs equipped with metering equipment or control equipment. Along with the distribution of energy, the main task of the ASU is to ensure electrical safety. The protection of the local electrical networks of the building from overloads and short circuits is assigned precisely to the input-distribution device. Also, during fire hazard situations, the ASP allows you to quickly block the power supply to the building.

The area of ​​use of input-distributing devices is quite wide. Similar devices can be found both in industry and in residential buildings. Most often, the input-distribution device is located in special rooms or basements for quick access to them.

Basic requirements for placement of ASU

In each specific situation the configuration and rated current of the ASU is described in the design documentation, however, for premises under the ASU, the requirements are always the same.

Basic requirements for the premises for the placement of ASU:

• For placement in large industrial buildings one ASU should be allocated for each input of the network
• There is no gas line in the building
• Distance to communication lines at least 1 m
• The accommodation must be dry
• The closet or room for it must be locked

The space is an important factor, but the installation of an ASU also requires a suitable metal sheath.

ASU shell

For the installation of the ASU, it is necessary to correctly select a housing that meets the conditions of placement, dimensions and type of equipment.

Since 2004, the ASD-electrician plant has been manufacturing electrical cabinets, among which is the ASU housing.

Ready-to-install products with two protection classes are supplied to the market: IP31 and IP54.

Our Plant produces several ASU housings at once with different heights, widths and depths to complete the input distribution devices different type:

1700x800x450 1700x600x450 1700x400x450

2000x600x450 2000x600x600 2000x800x450 2000x800x600

Installation of ASU

For more efficient operation, the cases of our production can be supplemented with accessories (panels, frames, plinth, etc.) for installing various equipment (meters, circuit breakers, capacitors, etc.):

In electrics and energy, the decoding of the abbreviation ASU is an input-distribution device, sometimes it is also called UVR. Without this element of the electrical circuit, one cannot do in the power supply of residential buildings and public buildings. Today, ASU is a closed steel box, which contains a large number of devices used to control and account for electricity, as well as protect connected consumers. In this article we will tell you why you need an input-distribution device, what it consists of and what it can be equipped with.

Purpose and scope

The ASP is mainly used for the reception and subsequent distribution of electrical energy. In addition, this element is designed to protect consumers connected to it from overloads, short circuits, current leaks and other emergencies. It should also be noted that input distribution devices are used to account for the consumed electricity, as well as to control the correct distribution of the load throughout electrical network. Well, it should be noted that with the help of a switchgear installed at the input, operational switching on and off of equipment that is connected to this section of the circuit can be carried out.

The photo below shows what it looks like:

In short, the main purpose of the input-distribution device is to combine in one place control and protective equipment, as well as devices necessary for measuring and accounting for electrical energy. Thanks to this, all devices can be compactly assembled at the facility and controlled from one place, protected from adverse weather conditions and other hazards.

As we said above, the ASU is used not only in administrative buildings and on industrial enterprises, but also in residential buildings (private and multi-apartment). When drawing up a power supply project, the location of the input distribution device is indicated, as well as the characteristics of all the equipment that will be installed in it. According to the project, it assembles the ASU and further seals the electricity meter.

In a private house, the ASU is used if it becomes necessary to distribute the load over several buildings (bathhouse, utility block, garage, summer kitchen, etc.). In this case, the main ASU is installed, after which it is necessary to install an individual switchgear for each individual building.

ASU equipment

Input-distributing devices can be equipped in different ways, depending on the wishes of the customer and existing requirements. Basically, ASUs in the electrical industry are equipped with protective automation, an electrical energy meter, measuring equipment and tires.

If we talk in more detail about the components of the ASU, they are as follows:

• Electric meter.
• Introductory circuit breaker and introductory RCD.
• Group circuit breakers and RCDs (or difavtomatov).
• Tires (grounding, zero, conductive).
• Wires and cables necessary for switching all equipment.
• Type-setting terminal blocks for switching circuits.

In addition, depending on the field of application of input distribution devices, they can be equipped with current transformers, quartz fuses, voltage limiters, voltmeters, ammeters, arresters, protective equipment and other devices. As already mentioned, the configuration of the ASP depends on the power supply project and the individual preferences of the customer.

Types of input distribution devices

The last thing I would like to talk about in this article is what types of ASU are. So, conditionally, we divided them into the following varieties:

1. By rated current: 100, 250, 400, 630 A.
2. By type of execution: suspended, floor.
3. By appointment: introductory, distribution, input-distribution.
4. Place of installation: indoors and outdoors. It is important to indicate here that the degree of protection can be from IP31 to IP65.
5. By type of service: one-sided, two-sided.
6. By the number of inputs: for 1 input or for several (2, 3, 4).

It is important to note that the switchgears themselves can be one-, two-, three-panel and more (multi-panel). The dimensions of the box also depend on its configuration and scope.

The ASU marking makes it clear what characteristics this device has. The abbreviation stands for:

This is where we end our article. We hope that now it has become clear to you what the input-distribution device is for and what options exist. We hope that the information provided was useful and interesting for you!

To connect the internal electrical networks of electrical installations to external supply cable lines, as well as for the distribution of electrical energy and protection against overloads and short circuits of outgoing lines, they are used input (VU) or input-distribution devices (ASU).

The input device is also intended to delimit responsibility for the operation of electrical networks between the personnel of the city network and the personnel of the consumer. Behind the introductory device, electrical networks are run by the consumer. When feeding on one cable small electrical installations belonging to the 3rd category of uninterrupted power supply, as input devices, input three-pole boxes of the BPV type are used for currents of 100, 250, 350 A with one block “PN-2 fuses and a switch. Ya3700 boxes are also used with one three-pole automatic switch of the A3700 series for currents of 50 - 600 A. For three- and five-story residential buildings, cabinets of the ShV series are used as input devices.

Input distribution devices for public buildings

For public buildings, high-rise residential buildings and small enterprises, ASU input-distribution devices are used, made in the form of one-way or two-way service panels. Any input-distributing device is completed from input and distribution panels, or factory-made cabinets. In large cities, enterprises of electrical installation organizations develop and apply their design series of ASU.

Introductory panels are made of the following types: BP, VP, VA. The input panel equipment is designed for rated currents of 250, 400 and 630 A.

On the input panels BP-250 for currents of 250 A, fuses PN-2-250, a knife switch R or a switch-switch of the RP series are installed. On the introductory panels VP-400 and VP-630, respectively, knife switches of the RB series and fuses PN-2-400, knife switches of the RB series and fuses PN-2-630 are installed. On VA panels, an automatic switch of the A3726 series is installed for a rated current of 25 A.

Distribution panels are made of the following types: distribution panels with automatic switches on outgoing lines, distribution panels with automatic control of staircase and corridor lighting, distribution panels with an accounting department. In distribution panels, automatic switches of the A37, AE20, AE1000 and AP50B series, magnetic starters of the PML series, RPL intermediate relays and batch switches PV, PP are installed.

When laying out the ASU, the input and distribution panels of one input are located side by side. ASU panels are manufactured by the manufacturer as separate panels with built-in devices and devices, as well as connecting conductors between the panels.

The figure is given circuit diagram one of the input panels with a switch for one input.

Due to the large variety of schemes for input and distribution panels VRU-UVR-8503 according to the specified electrical power supply circuits internal networks buildings, you can arrange any ASU.

Scheme of the input panel with a switch at the input: 1 - measuring instruments, 2 - current transformers, 3 - electricity meter, 4 - anti-interference capacitors, 5 - fuse, b - switch, 7 - cable entry, 8 - circuit breaker, 9 - incandescent lamp

At large enterprises consuming significant power, input and distribution cabinets and prefabricated panels of the ShchO-70 series are used as input-distribution devices. They are also used at substations in 0.4 kV switchgears. Structurally, they can be one-sided or two-sided service. Switches with fuses or circuit breakers of the AVM series are installed on the input panels, and knife switches with fuses or circuit breakers of the A37 series are installed on the distribution panels.

Shield panels for one-sided maintenance are installed directly against the wall of the electrical room. They are served with front side. Panels of double-sided service boards are called separate or free-standing and are located at a distance of at least 0.8 m from the wall.

Single-sided maintenance boards require less space for their installation and maintenance than double-sided maintenance boards. In addition, they are more economical. However, double-sided service boards are more convenient to use.

In addition to panel-type switchboards, factories produce input-distribution and switchboards assembled from separate blocks: a fuse, a switch, a fuse-switch, an automatic machine, a counter.

The premises of the input-distribution devices (switchboards) are located in convenient places where only service personnel have access. Gas pipelines should not pass through the switchboards, and other pipelines should be without connections, valves, valves. It is allowed to install the ASU not in special rooms, but on stairwells, in the corridors, etc., but at the same time, the cabinets must be locked, the handles of the control devices must not be brought out or be removable. It is not allowed to install ASU in damp rooms and in places prone to flooding.

What is an ASU shield? Input distribution devices (ASU)- a device needed in a building for receiving and distributing electricity at a voltage of less than 1000 V single- and three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50-60 Hz. In addition, ASU shields protect lines from high currents as a result of a short circuit or overload. It is used in lighting and power plants of industrial, public, administrative and other buildings. In most cases, a minimum of equipment is placed inside the device, corresponding to one or more apartments, united on the floor by a landing, connected to the apartment by a group network. 1. Types and equipment. VRU can be of three types: Introductory: for input and accounting of electric energy; Distribution: for the distribution of electricity, used in conjunction with input; Input and distribution: for the input, distribution and metering of electricity. The design can be made in various versions, including according to your sizes. The production of ASU must comply with the established technical requirements GOST R 51321.1-2000, GOST R 51321.3-99, GOST R 51732-2001, specifications - TU 3434-001-72059230-2005 and specific customer instructions, can be multi-panel and single-panel. The standardized delivery set of ASU (UVR) includes: ASU shield; Set of keys for door locks; Required documents: specifications and operating instructions for the switchboard, a passport for the switchboard itself, passports for meters and current transformers; Electrical energy meters (as agreed by the customer). As equipment for input, distribution and protection in the ASU are used: knife switches; load switches; switches; automatic switches; differential automatic switches; devices protective shutdown(RCD); circuit breakers; 2. Mounting type and design According to the type of installation, the switchboard can be hinged or built into the ceiling niches. As a rule, ASU boards are mounted on one-sided service panels installed in metal cabinets, including those with removable partitions. The surfaces of cabinets and partitions are covered with paint or polymer coating for protection. The ASU shield may consist of one or more cabinets. If the input distribution device is connected to two independent power sources, it is possible to install input panels with an automatic switch in one cabinet. In this case, a partition is placed between the sections. The design of the ASU boards is built in such a way as to provide the possibility of one-sided maintenance from the front side, while the controls can be installed both behind the cabinet doors and directly on them in order to provide the ability to turn off the equipment without opening the cabinet. The set of electrical equipment may include: circuit breakers, fuses, voltmeters, ammeters, meters of consumed electrical energy (total for input and for each consumer separately), current transformers (with three-phase power supply), tires, knife switches and others. The exact list of installed equipment and its technical parameters depend on the input voltage, phase and total power consumption. 3.Advantages The indisputable advantages of the ASU cabinet include: Possibility of installation in non-specialized premises (high degree of protection); shields without side panels can be mounted in one line in order to increase and reasonably use the internal volume of the structure; the door can be attached to both sides of the body; the possibility of input and output of wires not only from below (standard) but also from above (as agreed with the customer). Shields are widely applicable in private houses, warehouses, garages, as well as in very low temperatures. The cabinet must be installed at least one meter away from hot or cold water, gas pipeline networks and sewer communications. Doors in the building where the ASU is installed should only open outwards. Maintenance work on the shield must be carried out by qualified personnel. The price of a custom-made shield can vary greatly. At least the price of the switchboard depends on the volume of the order. ASU of a residential and/or public building is intended for use in a 220/380 V network. There is also a main switchboard (MSB). There are introductory, sectional and linear cabinets of the main switchboard. In fact, the main switchboard can be represented by a variety of devices: SHO-70 distribution panels, ASU and SHR cabinets, PR distribution points and other electrical equipment.

etkmdv.ru

Application area

In fact, ASU switchgear can be used at any facility. It can be manufacturing or residential construction. Here it is important to accurately select the device itself according to the power consumption and voltage in the supply network. All these parameters are usually specified in the project documentation. That is why the assembly of the ASU is a crucial moment, which is carried out according to strict and stringent requirements. At the same time, the shield (cabinet) itself can be assembled as a device that is precisely tailored to those very requirements. By the way, the assembly process itself is done only manually. Also on the market you can purchase models of a standard type, suitable for certain parameters of the consuming and supply network.

What is VRU

Basically, according to appearance ASU is difficult to distinguish from other boxes used in electrics. For example, the same switchboard is very similar to the ASU. Although, in fact, both devices perform almost the same functions. So. ASU is a metal box or shield with a one-sided panel. It is this model that is most often used in the housing stock. True, it is necessary to indicate that the number of panels can be unlimited, in addition, the devices themselves can be assembled in sections, which increases the convenience of their operation, plus reduces the installation space.

The input-distributing device has two types of execution: floor and suspended. It is the project documentation that determines which view will be installed on the object. By the way, about the panels. All the necessary devices are installed on them, that is, the equipment of the ASU itself is carried out here. We add that, by the number of inputs, devices can be with two inputs, with one or more.

There are certain standards that define the assembly of a device.

• The strength of the current (shock) during the circuit should not exceed 20 kA.
• The insulation must withstand a rated voltage of not more than 1000 V.

As is the case with any electrical devices, instruments and installations, ASU can be produced under certain climatic conditions for their operation.

It should be noted that the configuration of ASU for residential, public and office buildings differs from the configuration of devices for industrial facilities. But in all models, introductory panels and distribution panels are required. In fact, hence the name itself - an input-distribution device. The connection scheme for all is almost standard.

For public buildings

Let's start with what we note - the equipment of the water-type panels is intended for current strength: 250, 400 and 630 amperes. Therefore, most often for these devices, panels such as BP, VA or VP are installed.

Distribution panels can also have different configurations. For example:

• With automatic outlet networks.
• With the addition of staircase and corridor lighting. Used as a separate line.
• Accounting and control of current consumption can be carried out separately or by lines.

Distribution panels and inputs are usually located next to each other. This refers to the panel of one input.

For productions

It should be noted that in industries, especially large ones, large capacities are consumed. Therefore, as an ASU, input and distribution cabinets are used here, which are manufactured at factories according to TU or GOSTs. Most often, ASUs are installed either one-sided or two-sided. At the same time, automatic machines AVM are mounted on the introductory installations, on distribution A37.

Attention! One-sided panels are installed against the walls. Bilateral at a distance of at least 80 cm from the wall. The one-sided ASU shield is compact, the two-sided one is easy to maintain.

It should be noted that ASU devices can be manufactured at the factory in a modular form. This is when, for example, a block of automatic machines is installed separately, a block with control meters separately, a block with fuses separately, and so on.

Some requirements for the premises where ASU devices should be installed.

• Only authorized service personnel can enter the room where the input-distribution device is installed.
• A gas pipeline should not pass through this room, other communication networks can be laid, but only without connections. There should be no valves, valves and other shut-off valves.
• It is impossible to install ASU in damp and damp rooms, especially in those where there is a high probability of flooding.
• Devices can also be mounted on stairwells or in corridors. True, a closet of this type must be locked from unnecessary penetration. In this case, all handles of controlled devices must be removable or located inside the box.

Conclusion on the topic

So, the decoding of the abbreviation VRU is clear, why this electric cabinet too. Therefore, summing up the topic of this article, you need to understand that devices of this type are not only the connection of an introductory power line, but also its distribution to loops among consumers. Of course, blocks are added here safe operation networks and consumption accounting electric current. I would like to add that the connection scheme is determined by the customer's needs and the configuration of the cabinet itself.

onlineelectronic.ru

What are these 3 devices?

1. VU - input device.
2. ASU - input-distribution device.
3. Main switchboard - main switchboard.

They belong to the same type of electrical equipment, since they have the same purpose in electrical circuits - they receive electricity at facilities from transformers, electrical substations, branches of power lines and distribute it to end consumers.

VU, VRU and MSB differ in their equipment, additional functions and some other characteristics.

input devices

There are no devices in the VU that divide the power supply circuit into several branch circuits; one cable enters and exits the device. In this case, input devices can be equipped with equipment to provide protection against overloads and short circuits, as well as to account for electricity consumption. Regardless of the configuration, the input device must be equipped with an electrical disconnect, with which the internal electrical circuit is disconnected from the general power supply circuit. As a circuit breaker, circuit breakers or knife switches can be installed. Introductory devices are most often used in private homes, they are mounted on power line poles or on the facade of structures. At the same time, meters for accounting for consumed electricity are installed in a specially designed remote cabinet.

Input distribution devices

ASUs are equipped with electrical breakers, as well as devices that divide the main power line into a certain number of branching internal electrical circuits. Also, input-distributing devices are equipped with devices for controlling the consumption of electricity and its accounting, as well as automatic devices to provide protection against voltage surges, overloads and short circuits.

Main switchboard

This switchboard equipment is widely used in multi-storey buildings, public and administrative buildings, industrial and industrial facilities, and other facilities where it is necessary to receive electricity from a common power line and distribute it over a large number consumption sources. The main switchboard can replace the input distribution device or the input device if the power supply of a private house is being equipped.

You should be aware that energy supervisory authorities may require the installation of meters outside the house, on its facade or power line pole. It must be mounted in a lockable cabinet with a high level of protection.

pemlub.ru

Purpose and scope

The ASP is mainly used for the reception and subsequent distribution of electrical energy. In addition, this element is designed to protect consumers connected to it from overloads, short circuits, current leaks and other emergencies. It should also be noted that input distribution devices are used to account for the consumed electricity, as well as to control the correct distribution of the load throughout the electrical network. Well, it should be noted that with the help of a switchgear installed at the input, operational switching on and off of equipment that is connected to this section of the circuit can be carried out.

The photo below shows what it looks like:

In short, the main purpose of the input-distribution device is to combine in one place control and protective equipment, as well as devices necessary for measuring and accounting for electrical energy. Thanks to this, all devices can be compactly assembled at the facility and controlled from one place, protected from adverse weather conditions and other hazards.

As we said above, the ASU is used not only in administrative buildings and industrial enterprises, but also in residential buildings (private and multi-apartment). When drawing up a power supply project, the location of the input distribution device is indicated, as well as the characteristics of all the equipment that will be installed in it. According to the project, it assembles the ASU and further seals the electricity meter.

In a private house, the ASU is used if it becomes necessary to distribute the load over several buildings (bathhouse, utility block, garage, summer kitchen, etc.). In this case, the main ASU is installed, after which it is necessary to install an individual switchgear for each individual building.

ASU equipment

Input-distributing devices can be equipped in different ways, depending on the wishes of the customer and existing requirements. Basically, ASUs in the electrical industry are equipped with protective automation, an electrical energy meter, measuring equipment and tires.

If we talk in more detail about the components of the ASU, they are as follows:

• Electric meter.
• Introductory circuit breaker and introductory RCD.
• Group circuit breakers and RCDs (or difavtomatov).
• Tires (grounding, zero, conductive).
• Wires and cables necessary for switching all equipment.
• Type-setting terminal blocks for switching circuits.

In addition, depending on the field of application of input distribution devices, they can be equipped with current transformers, quartz fuses, voltage limiters, voltmeters, ammeters, arresters, protective equipment and other devices. As already mentioned, the configuration of the ASP depends on the power supply project and the individual preferences of the customer.

samelectrik.ru

Below are the main components that are present in almost every ASP:

• electric meter;
• quartz fuses;
• current transformers;
• protection devices for outgoing lines.

According to the PUE, the location of the ASU installation can only be determined using the project. It is strictly forbidden to arbitrarily install the ASU. In the vast majority of cases, the ASU is located in the basement of the house.

However, not in all regions of the Russian Federation the basement is a safe place. If there is a possibility of flooding, the ASP should be located at least 50 cm above the water level. This is guaranteed to protect the protective devices from imminent failure.

Only trained personnel (i.e. not even every electrician) can serve the ASU. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to independently perform work in the ASU. Unauthorized repairs may result in a fine.

Especially apartment buildings have always been equipped with large ASUs. However, today progress allows the use of much smaller protection devices. At the same time, their effectiveness in comparison with the previous ones practically did not change.

If electrical power is supplied to the ASU via an overhead line, overvoltage protection must be installed without fail.

The simplest ASP consists of the following protective devices: a three-pole knife switch, quartz fuses, as well as three current transformers.

If corrosion occurs on at least one of the ASU elements, it should be replaced immediately. To avoid this, it is required to equip the cabinet itself with a hermetic tape around the perimeter.

This will protect the ASP from moisture penetration inside.

The video will demonstrate control cabinets, ASU and ATS. In particular, the method of production of the aforementioned electrical devices will be shown:

Based on materials: http://npoes.ru/produktsiya/vru.php

euroelectrica.ru

The design and scope is determined according to GOST 15150.

In fact, the ASU is an intermediary between transformer substations (supply electric line) and the local power grids of the building, participating in the distribution of electricity with a voltage of 220/380V. Cable entry is made from below to the introductory machine. It is followed by various connections, tires and machines.

The use of ASUs is not limited to energy distribution, you can often find ASUs equipped with metering equipment or control equipment. Along with the distribution of energy, the main task of the ASU is to ensure electrical safety. The protection of the local electrical networks of the building from overloads and short circuits is assigned precisely to the input-distribution device. Also, during fire hazard situations, the ASP allows you to quickly block the power supply to the building.

The area of ​​use of input-distributing devices is quite wide. Similar devices can be found both in industry and in residential buildings. Most often, the input-distribution device is located in special rooms or basements for quick access to them.

Basic requirements for placement of ASU

In each specific situation, the configuration and rated current of the ASU is described in the design documentation, however, for premises under the ASU, the requirements are always the same.

Basic requirements for the premises for the placement of ASU:

• For placement in large industrial buildings, one ASU should be allocated for each input of the network
• There is no gas line in the building
• Distance to communication lines at least 1 m
• The accommodation must be dry
• The closet or room for it must be locked

The space is an important factor, but the installation of an ASU also requires a suitable metal sheath.

ASU shell

For the installation of the ASU, it is necessary to correctly select a housing that meets the conditions of placement, dimensions and type of equipment.

Since 2004, the ASD-electrician plant has been manufacturing electrical cabinets, among which is the ASU housing.

Ready-to-install products with two protection classes are supplied to the market: IP31 and IP54.

Our Plant produces several ASU housings at once with different heights, widths and depths to complete various types of input-distribution devices:

1700x800x450 1700x600x450 1700x400x450

2000x600x450 2000x600x600 2000x800x450 2000x800x600

Detailed information about the configuration and modifications of the ASU housings

Installation of ASU

For more efficient operation, the cases of our production can be supplemented with accessories (panels, frames, plinth, etc.) for installing various equipment (meters, circuit breakers, capacitors, etc.):

			BPV frame
			Socle ASU

ASU body assembly

Especially for installation organizations, we have prepared a video instruction for assembling the ASU housing. This video will speed up the installation of electrical equipment created on the basis of our shell.

asd-e.ru

There are several various kinds switchboards, each of which has its own design features and scope. In this article, we present brief description and appointment existing species distribution boards.

Classification of electrical panels according to the method and place of installation

There are three types of switchboards according to the installation method: overhead, built-in and floor. Overhead shields are mounted directly on a wall, support or other building structure. Main distinguishing feature shields of this type is that its entire body is located outside.

Recessed shields are mounted in a pre-prepared recess in the wall. Thus, only the cover is visible from the outside, and the entire body is recessed into the wall.

The floor shield is installed directly on the floor surface or mounted on a special stand.

As for the installation site, in this case, electrical panels are external or indoor installation. The possibility of installing the shield outdoors is determined by its design features, namely the presence of appropriate body protection.

There are several degrees of enclosure protection that indicate where the shield can be installed. The most common degrees of protection of the body of electrical panels:

IP20, IP30 - shields installed indoors without high humidity, since they do not have protection against moisture, they differ in the degree of protection against foreign objects;

IP44, IP54 - shields have a higher degree of protection against foreign objects, they are protected from moisture, they are installed in rooms with high humidity, as well as outdoors, but subject to protection against ingress of a jet of water;

IP55, 65 - shields installed in rooms with aggressive conditions environment as well as outdoors. They have sufficient protection against moisture, rain and can be installed outdoors without additional protection. These enclosures have full protection against contact, differ in the degree of protection against dust - the first has partial protection against dust, the second - full dust tightness of the housing.

Outside the premises, cases of shields of the consignment note and floor types. Shields are mounted on the walls of buildings and structures, on supports, stands or directly on the equipment case.

Electrical cabinet material

The body of electrical panels can be made of plastic or metal. Plastic shields (boxes) are used as small switchboards indoors. The entire body of such shields is made of plastic, the cover is made of transparent plastic for the convenience of monitoring the status of protective devices and various devices.

Metal shields can be made entirely of metal, or they can have glass or transparent plastic inserts on the front panel for the possibility of taking readings from metering devices, controlling the operating mode of various devices, etc.

DIN-rails for the installation of electrical devices in all shields, regardless of the case material, are made of metal. The metal housings of the shields are completed with special mounting panels, on which various devices and equipment can be mounted. electrical apparatus, as well as DIN-rails, allowing you to mount the necessary modular devices.

To ensure the required degree of protection, the electrical panel housing may have rubber seals, sealed cable glands that provide a dust-tight and airtight enclosure. The metal cases of shields, as a rule, have locking devices that prevent unauthorized persons from entering them.

Shield body size

Switchboard enclosures are also classified by size. The size of the shield body determines how many electrical apparatus and other devices can be installed in it, how many cable lines can be connected and whether there is enough space for their connection.

In this case, the main characteristics are:

internal volume of the shield;

number of modular places on a DIN rail;

mounting plate size;

number of cable entries.

Classification of electrical panels by purpose

The types of electrical panels discussed above can be equipped with various electrical devices, protective devices and have different purposes. Consider the main types of switchboards according to their purpose.

ASU - introductory switchgear. Cabinets of this type are installed to receive electricity from a source - power transformers or from the supply lines of the electrical network.

In this switchboard, switching and protective devices are mounted, and various protection and automation devices, metering devices can also be additionally mounted. This panel distributes electricity to other shields located in the building.

Main switchboard - main switchboard, in fact, is the same ASU and performs the same functions - receiving and distributing electricity to supply power to boards for other purposes, which are discussed in the following paragraphs.

In large switchboards of enterprises, various electrical installations, measuring instruments and metering devices are installed to control the operating mode of the switchboard equipment, as well as to account for the electricity consumed, both in general and on individual outgoing lines that feed shields for other purposes.

AVR shield- automatic reserve input shield. This panel is equipped with automation devices that monitor the parameters of the electrical network and switch the power supply of consumers from a backup power source in case of power loss at one of the sources. One of the supply lines, a generator or a storage battery can act as a backup power source.

SCHO - lighting or heating shield. In these cabinets, electrical devices and other elements are installed that are designed to control lighting equipment or space heating, equipment that requires heating.

ShchS - power shield, designed to supply power consumers at the facility, where there is a separation of circuits and electrical receivers for their intended purpose. Also, this marking may mean that this is a communication shield.

Various telecommunication equipment, means of communication, collection of information from various equipment and objects at the enterprise are mounted in the body of the communication shield.

ShCHE - storey shield. Installed on floors apartment buildings in a special niche or directly on the wall of apartment buildings, they serve to receive electricity from the main switchboard (ASU) and distribute it to several apartment shields.

ShchK - apartment shield. Installed on the floor or directly in the apartment. In this shield, a metering device for this apartment is installed, as well as protective devices.

Two shields can be installed - one on the floor, introductory protective devices and a metering device are mounted in it, the second shield is installed directly in the apartment, it distributes electricity to several electrical wiring lines and installs protective devices.

SCZ, SCHU and SCHA- protection, control and automation shield. These types of shields can be found in electrical installations; a number of devices are mounted in these shields for the implementation of protection and automation of the equipment of distribution substations, power plants, and industrial enterprises.

These shields are often combined into one shield, in which protection devices, automation and control elements are mounted for a separate piece of equipment, a group of equipment or a section of an electrical network. The abbreviation ShchU can also show that this is a metering board.

SCHSN - shield of own needs. It is, in fact, the main switchboard, only this switchboard serves exclusively to power devices located at the facility - the so-called own needs. Such panels are installed in electrical installations of electrical stations, distribution substations.

Own needs include: heating and cooling systems for equipment, power supply for on-load tap-changers of power transformers, equipment control circuits, lighting, space heating, etc.

Separate switchgears (shields) are installed to supply the outgoing lines of consumers. In the auxiliary switchboards, the same elements are mounted as in the main switchboard, ASU, as well as automation devices, in particular, ATS.

SHPT - shield direct current . It is used in electrical installations of stations, substations, enterprises for the reception and distribution of DC circuits. Reception of direct current electrical energy is carried out from batteries, special charging units, rectifiers.

Direct current is distributed to separate lines as an operating current for powering various protection, automation and equipment control devices. In this shield, switching and protective devices are mounted, as well as measuring instruments to control the mode of charging batteries, load and voltage.