Finishing 

Electronic control circuit split system. The scheme of the air conditioner and the principle of its operation. The manufacturer attaches instructions to the split system kit, which contains

M microprocessor control of the split system is carried out from the microprocessor control panel, which is usually installed in the indoor unit. The microprocessor allows you to perform the following functions:

    memorization and playback after turning off and then turning on the system of all parameters set from the control panel;

    compressor start delay for 3...6 min after system shutdown;

    indoor unit evaporator temperature control in cooling mode. When the evaporator temperature is below -1°C, frost protection is activated;

    frost protection delay, which is not activated during the first 5 minutes of compressor operation. Frost protection works as follows - the compressor is turned off and the indoor unit fan runs at a constant speed for 5 minutes, after that, the protection remains on until the set temperature level is reached;

    ensuring automatic duration of switching on and parking of the compressor: if the compressor runs continuously for more than 1 hour 45 minutes, the compressor will be stopped for 3 minutes, then turned on and the cycle is repeated; the same happens at a room temperature of 26 ° C for 1 hour 45 minutes and at a fan speed of "low", "medium" for 1 hour 45 minutes; in the dehumidification mode at a temperature above 23 ° C and the thermostat is on, the compressor runs for 8 minutes and stops for 3 minutes, when the thermostat is off, it works for 1 minute and stops for 4 minutes; at a temperature below 23 °C and the thermostat is on, the compressor runs for 2 minutes, followed by a stop for 3 minutes; when the thermostat is off, it works for 1 minute and stops for 4 minutes;

    setting the fan speed: in automatic mode, the following fan speeds of the indoor unit are selected: if the temperature difference between the set and the room is 2 °C - “high”, if the difference is 1 ... 2 °C - “medium”, if the difference is less than 1 °С - "low"; in heating mode, the rotational speed of the fan of the indoor unit at a room temperature lower than 2 °C is “high”, at a room temperature lower than the set one by 1 ... 2 °C - “medium”, at a temperature 1 °C lower given, it becomes "low"; In heating mode, when the evaporator temperature is below 15°C, the indoor unit fan does not turn on. At temperatures up to 18 °C, the fan operates at a "low" speed. When the evaporator temperature reaches 22°C, the fan starts to run at the set speed; in heating mode, with the thermistor off, the fan speed is set to the “lowest” setting. After turning on the thermostat and reaching a temperature of 22 °C on the evaporator, the rotation speed is set at a given level.

W protection for high pressure in the heating mode, it is carried out according to the indications of the thermistor of the indoor unit. At an indoor unit temperature of 50...52 °C, the outdoor fan is switched off, and at a temperature of 46...48 °C it is switched on.

When the outdoor fan is turned off, the defrost mode of the outdoor unit heat exchanger does not start.

The defrosting of the outdoor unit heat exchanger is controlled by a thermistor installed on the heat exchanger.

Defrosting starts when the following conditions are met: in heating mode, the system has been running for 40 minutes; the temperature of the heat exchanger has reached a value below -3 °C; less than 4 minutes 15 seconds have passed since the high pressure protection was turned off.

Defrosting is terminated when the thermistor temperature reaches 3.1 °C or if the defrosting time has exceeded 10 minutes.

The four-way valve is set to the desired position 5 seconds before the compressor starts.

The indoor fan motor is equipped with a speed sensor. The signal from the sensor goes to the microprocessor. By comparing the current frequency with the set one, the microprocessor corrects the currents so that the frequency approaches the set level smoothly. This reduces the noise level when switching from one mode to another. If the speed feedback signal is not received within 12 seconds, the fan motor is considered to be locked. The fan switches off and on again after 3 minutes.

The blind drive is usually equipped with a stepper motor that drives the blinds. The direction of movement, speed and angle of inclination are controlled by the microprocessor depending on the temperature in the room.

Serviceability of the majority domestic air conditioners controlled by light signals (flashing indicator light). If it does not flash when the emergency switch is pressed, the control board needs to be checked. The set of light signals can be different, for their identification it is necessary to use service manual, but an approximate list of blinking indicator lights due to certain malfunctions may be as follows:

    blinks once - the connections of the indoor and outdoor units are faulty;

    flashes twice - thermistor room temperature and thermistor of the indoor unit;

    flashes three times - the fan motor of the indoor unit;

    flashes five times - outdoor unit power circuit;

    flashes six times - thermistor outdoor unit;

    flashes seven times - outdoor unit control board;

    flashes ten times - drainage system.

Despite the fact that there are air conditioners in almost every home, only a few users correctly imagine the scheme of such a device and how it works, it is connected. In this article, we will try to expand on this topic.

General scheme of the air conditioner

The whole system is built on the ability of substances to absorb heat during evaporation and release it during condensation. Such an air conditioner scheme is incorporated into the operation of a modern split system. The main substance inside the closed system of the device is freon. Having the ability to change its state of aggregation by changing temperature and pressure, we will be able to cool the radiator and drive air from the street through it.

But first, let's get acquainted with the main elements of the split system. The scheme and principle of operation of the air conditioner involve the use of two blocks: outdoor and indoor. What are they needed for?

outdoor unit

This unit is installed outdoors and mainly serves to cool superheated freon (it does not take air from the street, the air conditioner is used to cool the air in the room. Ventilation units are used to take in street air). It consists of the following nodes:

  • Fan.
  • Capacitor. In this part, freon is cooled and condensed. The air that passes through the condenser is heated and vented outside.
  • Compressor. The main element of the air conditioner, which compresses freon and circulates it throughout the circuit.
  • Control block. It is usually used in outdoor units inverter systems. In conventional air conditioners, all electronics are most often located in the indoor unit.

  • 4 way valve. It is used in models that can work for heating (most modern air conditioners). This element, when the heating function is activated, changes the direction of the refrigerant flow. As a result, the outdoor and indoor units change places: the internal one works for heating, the external one - for cooling.
  • Various fittings through which the connection is made copper pipes between indoor and outdoor units.
  • Coolant filter. Installed in front of the compressor in order to protect the latter from dirt, which during installation can enter the system.

indoor unit

It includes elements:

  • Front panel through which air enters. It is easily removed so that the user can get to the filters.
  • The coarse filter is a common plastic mesh, which traps coarse dust (for example, animal hair, fluff, etc.). This mesh should be cleaned once a month.
  • Filter system consisting of carbon, antibacterial, electrostatic filters. Depending on the model of the air conditioner, some filters may not be available at all.

  • Fan for circulation clean air indoors - cold or heated.
  • Evaporator. It is a radiator where ice coolant enters. This radiator is heavily cooled by freon, and the fan drives air through it, which instantly becomes cold.
  • Blinds for adjusting the direction of air flow.
  • The indicator panel shows in which mode the air conditioner is operating.
  • Control fee. It contains the central processing unit and the electronics unit.
  • Fitting connections - pipes connecting the indoor and outdoor units are connected to them.

The air conditioner circuit is simple and logical, but some users do not understand why two units are needed? After all, you can take warm air from the room and drive it through the air conditioner, cooling it. But not everything is so simple: you cannot produce cold without producing heat. The heat needs to be vented out. For this purpose, a two-block system is ideal. There are also other systems, such as single-block. There, the heat is removed to the outside through a special air duct, brought outside the apartment.

Detailed scheme of the air conditioner

Now that you know the basic elements, you can consider in more detail the scheme of operation of this system. So, when the cooling mode is activated from the control panel, the compressor turns on in the system. It pressurizes and drives the gas through the radiator. Having passed the radiator (in the outdoor unit), the gas becomes liquid and hot (if you remember, it releases heat during condensation).

Now the hot liquid freon (which was gas before the radiator) enters where the freon pressure drops. As a result of this, the freon evaporates, and a gas-liquid cold mixture enters the evaporator (the freon becomes cold during evaporation). The evaporator is cooled and the fan blows the cold out of it into the room. Then the gaseous freon enters the condenser again, and at this stage the circle closes.

This circuit diagram of the air conditioner is valid for all types. Regardless of the model, power and functionality of the system, all air conditioners are built exactly on this principle, including automotive, industrial and household ones.

Connecting an air conditioner

The installation scheme of the air conditioner is simple, but the installation itself is quite complicated. Only specialists who have the appropriate equipment can produce it. The whole difficulty lies in the installation of the outdoor unit and the pumping of freon inside. It is also required to make a huge hole in the wall, and if the house is panel, then the complexity of the work increases.

As for the connection to the mains, it is enough just to connect the indoor unit of the device to the outlet, nothing more. But the power air conditioner connection diagram is a document that shows the location of various components and information for service centers. He is more interested in engineers who are engaged in the repair and connection of equipment. In the context of this article, it is impossible to give a single scheme for connecting an air conditioner, since it is for various models may be different.

Connecting blocks

After the external and internal units of the air conditioner have been installed, they must be connected to each other. This is done using a four-core copper cable. The cores must have a cross section of at least 2.5 mm 2. The air conditioner connection diagram that comes with the device itself is to some extent an instruction. Typically, the connecting cable is laid along with the freon line, although it can also be laid in a separate plastic box.

Leased line connection

After connecting the two units to each other, you need to connect the indoor unit to the network. You can use the nearest outlet, however, given the rather high power of the installation, experts recommend allocating a separate power line for it, which will go directly to the meter. This will remove a large load from the common line of the electrical system of the apartment. Cable laying to the shield can be made through a special groove or in a plastic box. Don't leave the wire open.

The shield into which the power line of the air conditioner (and the general line of the electrical system of the apartment) will enter must be grounded. In this case, the power supply of the cable must be connected through an automatic machine of a certain power. It is calculated using a special formula: the power of the air conditioner divided by the voltage (220 or 230 V). To the value obtained, you need to add 30% for the power reserve.

Connection to the general power supply system of the apartment

Connecting the device to a conventional outlet that belongs to a common power line is only possible if your air conditioner is not powerful and will not create a large load on the network. When the power consumption of the air conditioner is 1 kW or less, it can be connected to a conventional outlet. Typically, models designed for cooling 20 square meters have such a capacity.

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Sergey Guest

Is it possible to make the connection yourself (at home) without involving specialists and how to do everything right?

The main difficulties, in my opinion, arise when connecting the outer and inner blocks with copper tubes (buying these tubes (I have not seen them anywhere in the markets. I may not have looked carefully) and expanding them).

Maybe I missed the main points, I think in the process of discussion with the whole world, we will figure out what's what and help install the air conditioner.

By the way, I forgot to say that the LG G07LH air conditioner will be installed in a living room with an area of ​​15m2, the outdoor unit will be placed only on the loggia (because it is on the 2nd floor and there is a possibility of its theft).

That seems to be all where to start, probably with the purchase of the necessary additional components:

1. Wire El. section 1.5mm2;

2. Copper tube 3.8v (for refrigerant connection) (diameter 9.52) - never seen on the market;

3. Copper tube 1.4v - (for connecting condensate) (diameter 6.35) - never met in the markets;

4. Rubber pipes for the room copper tubes(used as insulators);

5. Vinyl electrical tape;

6. Branch pipe with a tube (for installation in a wall);

11. Plug for connecting to El. socket.

Ecofireplace Russia – Ecofireplace Bavaria

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Bavaria fireplace stoves with heat exchanger

A Bavaria fireplace stove with a heat exchanger is the main link in a complex heating system, therefore, proper installation, careful operation and maintenance of fireplace stoves are especially necessary for their error-free operation and durability.

Installation of the Bavaria fireplace stove with a heat exchanger must be carried out in accordance with the instructions and general rules installation.

Installation of a Bavaria fireplace stove with a heat exchanger should be carried out only by qualified specialists in this field and be guided by the Rules for the production of work, repair of stoves and smoke channels.

IMPORTANT! If the Bavaria fireplace stove with a heat exchanger is connected to the heating system, and is not filled with water, then it is strictly forbidden to heat it, as this will damage the heating system.

Heat exchanger connection diagram

Bavaria Prismatic with stove and heat exchanger, diagram

Wiring diagram for lg air conditioner

LG Electronics' unique Neo Plasma air purification system

food and tobacco, while destroying the cell membranes of bacteria,

thereby destroying them

Gold Fin anti-corrosion coating in LG air conditioners

The heat exchanger of LG air conditioners is coated with a gold anti-corrosion layer on the aluminum surface, and can keep the surface in its original condition without corrosion. As a result, the state is maintained at the new level.

Initial set temperature: 18C (Remember the final set temperature)

Set temperature control.

— Reset the button in the indoor unit: total temperature to remember.

Auto cleaning in LG NEO plasma air conditioners

Auto cleaning helps eliminate odors and saves cleaning time. After using the air conditioner, the Auto cleaning mode dries the inside of the air conditioner for 30 minutes. This eliminates dampness and mold, so you can enjoy the air without unpleasant odors and save cleaning time.

Cooling-only models: -If you select the Auto cleaning mode, it turns on automatically when the air conditioner is turned off. During auto cleaning, the indoor unit fan runs for 30 minutes (at low speed) with the exhaust louvers closed. Thus, all moisture is removed from the heat exchanger.

Heat pump models: - In heat pump models (in cooling mode), the Auto cleaning mode is activated in the same way as described above. First, the fan runs for 13 minutes, and then the heating mode turns on for 1 minute. After that, the fan of the indoor unit turns on again for 2 minutes and the operation ends. Thus the total running time is 16 minutes, while, as in the previous case, 30 minutes.

After cooling operation, Auto-cleaning is activated automatically. Within 30 minutes, Auto Clean makes the inside of the air conditioner dry.

JETCOOL fast cooling in LG NEO plasma air conditioners

The fast cooling function is designed to quickly cool the air in the room.

In this mode, strong cold air is blown at high speed for 30 minutes until the room temperature reaches 18C.

4 directions of airflow distribution

Video instruction "Installing an air conditioner from LG"

Description:
Video instruction "Installing an air conditioner from LG" is presented by R410.com.ua

    What information can be found in the service manual (instructions)
    The service manual (instruction) contains information related to the maintenance and minor repairs of a particular equipment. As a rule, you receive a service manual for your device when you purchase it. In addition, today there are many Internet resources that provide instructions for devices of various models and brands.

    What are schemas?
    Diagrams and schematic diagrams are an integral part of the electrical industry, as they represent a visual description of the design of certain devices. Schemes are necessary for the maintenance and repair of various equipment and electromechanical systems.

    Use of repair manuals (instructions).
    Repair manuals (instructions) for a particular device are usually issued by independent publishers that are not related to the official equipment manufacturers. These are not the instructions that are originally supplied with the purchased equipment. Although in general the information contained in repair manuals is similar to that found in normal instruction, there are clear differences between these documents. The fact is that repair manuals provide us with more detailed, complete and specific information.

So your dream has come true - an air conditioner has appeared in the house, now the heat in summer period and dampness in the room in the off-season, when the heating has not yet been connected, and it is raining outside the window. Immediately after the installation, the air conditioner is connected to the mains - it must be carried out strictly according to the schemes indicated on the internal covers of the modules. The instruction manual also contains recommendations for making the connection and spells out the basic requirements for electrical network installation locations.

It must be remembered that the electrical circuit for connecting an air conditioner used in everyday life differs significantly from the similar connection of semi-industrial models that are installed in offices. Homemade have only single-phase connection.

In practice, there are two main ways by which a split system is connected:

  • direct connection through the socket;
  • separate wiring to the electrical panel.

The first option is perfect for everyone home appliances- they are everywhere only in this way are put into operation. Connecting any air conditioning system is carried out in several steps, which must be strictly observed when you decide to do everything yourself.

Scheme of connecting the air conditioner to the mains

The figure shows the connection diagram of the air conditioner to the mains, as well as various connections between the modules of the system, in addition, you will definitely need a circuit diagram of the air conditioner of the purchased model.

First way

Before connecting the product to the network, it is necessary to lay cables from evaporator to outdoor unit:

  • we lay the wire that will connect the two blocks;
  • we draw a separate line to the electrical panel for powerful systems, which includes a cable and an overload protection circuit breaker;
  • average power devices are connected directly through an ordinary outlet.

The last option for connecting an air conditioner is used in certain cases:

  • the power of the product is small;
  • climate system window or mobile class;
  • the apartment has a network of sufficient power;
  • temporary location of the unit;
  • other household appliances must not be connected to this line.

Important! To connect the indoor unit, you need to use reinforced sockets and install a circuit breaker nearby.

It should be borne in mind that the air conditioner operates in different modes, its power varies from a minimum to a maximum value, therefore a separate protection must be installed on the connection line.

Each manufacturer, before sending the product for sale, attaches an instruction to it, in which are enclosed:

  • scheme of the product;
  • basic connection diagram - general;
  • wiring diagram for connecting the external and internal unit.

There is similar information on the surface of the remote unit body and the evaporator cover, but it is applied from the inside. This greatly simplifies the independent connection of any air conditioning system at home.

Under the front panel of the evaporator there is a special box where wiring terminals- this unit of the air conditioner or split system is always mounted indoors.

The wires from the evaporator are connected to the contacts of the outdoor unit, guided by the numbering, the free cores are carefully insulated special tape. circuit diagram will help you get everything right. Before connecting the air conditioning system, check insulation of each core so that later the normal operation of the air conditioner is not interrupted by a short circuit.

Important! If the system diagram is incomprehensible to you, there is no practice in working with electricity, then it’s better not to try to connect the split system yourself, but call a professional.

There are reasons that do not allow the connection of any air conditioning system to the electrical network of an apartment or a country house:

  • old wiring where aluminum wire was used;
  • the cross section of the wires is too small - they will not withstand the load;
  • the condition of the wiring requires its urgent replacement;
  • there is no high-quality grounding, elementary protection against voltage drops.

Air conditioning systems are rather delicate devices, so they should only be connected to serviceable electrical network so as not to spend the family budget on very expensive repairs.

Second way

Experts advise using the most reliable and safe way to connect an air conditioner - an individual cable that ensures the stability of the device. If you install a separate protection - RCD (device protective shutdown), then it will protect the product from any voltage drop or network overload, and an individual line will allow you to place the system modules anywhere.

Standard requirements for the components of a separate electrical line:

  • necessarily the presence of RCD or AZO(protective shutdown machine);
  • all conductors must be made of copper;
  • the diameter of the wire must correspond to the size prescribed by the manufacturer;
  • equip separate ground for the entire line.

Electric harnesses are passed into a protective hose, then they are placed in a special plastic box design so as not to violate the integrity of the walls. Watch how the professionals make the connection on a special video:

Work algorithm

When the home master is confident in his abilities and knows perfectly how various household appliances are connected, he can safely start working according to a fairly simple scheme.

  1. We select a set necessary tool and the required materials.
  2. We study the schemes proposed by the manufacturer.
  3. We make cable routing to connect the terminals of the outdoor unit to the same connectors on the air conditioner evaporator.
  4. We check the correct operation of all components of the product.

It does not depend on the design of the product, where the cable for connecting to the outlet comes from - from the evaporator or from the external module.

Choosing an outlet

The home outlet must meet certain requirements:

  • welcome differential relay or reliable grounding;
  • it must fully meet all the requirements and parameters that the manufacturers have compiled, according to the annexes in the instructions for using the split system;
  • if electricity is supplied to the outlet by aluminum wires, it must be changed to copper counterparts with a normal cross section;
  • it must be connected to the shield through the circuit breaker.

Modern standard euro sockets ideal for connection household appliances special power, but all work on connecting the air conditioner must be carried out by a specialist with the appropriate approval, otherwise the product warranty will be canceled. If you moved to a new place and decided to install a product that was already working, especially since you did the dismantling yourself, then follow the recommendations and do everything carefully.

We select the wire

To make the correct connection of the air conditioner with your own hands, you must use a wire of only such a section, which is indicated by the manufacturer individually for each model. Household products require the use of a cross section within 1.5-2.5 squares (mm 2), and the current strength will be up to 18 amperes or more, respectively.

If the distance between the system and the electrical panel is up to 10 m, then a cross section of 1.5 mm 2 will do, when the distance is greater, then the cross section increases.

For effective work climate systems use copper wires : for a single-phase connection - 3 cores, for a three-phase version - 5 cores.


Wires are not laid next to pipes heating system and gas supply, the standard distance between communications is not closer than a meter. Electrical harnesses assembled in a protective corrugation are placed in strobes, and secured with special clamps.

When laying communications using boxes, glue and screws are used to fix the wiring. When do concealed wiring, then in the strobes the cables are fixed with special clamps, and then they are plastered with building plaster so that they can be quickly opened in case of emergency.

We connect the evaporator

In principle, the method of connecting the system modules is identical, except for minor nuances, so we present a detailed method for connecting an internal module, and a remote one, by analogy with it.


After the connection of both modules is completed, check again correct connection, referring to the diagrams, only after a rigorous check is a trial and short-term switching on of the air conditioner.

In conclusion, I would like to warn all users again: electricity does not forgive mistakes and inaccuracies, therefore, when connecting yourself, adequately treat your skills so that later you do not have to extinguish the wiring and repair expensive climate equipment.