Construction of a bath from a bar: the advantages of the material and the stages of building a log house. Do-it-yourself log bath: how to build a good bath without a single nail Assembling a bath from a pine log

17.11.2019

So, you have already erected the foundation for your bath, and you have chosen timber as the material for the walls. A great option, quite durable, environmentally friendly and easy to use! If you are new to construction, then timber is the best choice.

However, even such a simple and versatile material requires some knowledge and skills that are necessary when building walls. Especially for a building such as a bathhouse, for the arrangement of which certain additional steps are needed.

Before you start building a bath from a material such as a beam, you should correctly calculate the size of the lumber for the walls, learn how to connect the beams and splice them along the length, choose a heater for laying between the crowns and much more. Let's consider these questions sequentially.

Initial information about the construction of a bath log house

Building a bath, especially walls for it, can be quite costly.. The modern construction market has a huge range of materials, both traditional and modern, which are widely used in the construction of buildings for a specific purpose. But wood for a bath is the most popular commodity for a variety of reasons. These are long-standing traditions in construction, and wide distribution, relatively low price, environmental friendliness and ease of use.

The beam in this case is a much easier material to work with, moreover, it does not require additional processing, if you buy it and do not make it yourself.

In order not to incur additional costs for wall insulation, it is worth taking a bar with a section of 150 x 150 mm. This thickness of wood walls is optimal, and will allow you to use the sauna throughout the year. In order for the connection between the beams to be more dense, and the appearance of the finished wall to be aesthetic and pleasant, each beam must be properly trimmed.

One of the main positive qualities timber is that walls made of this material do not require; they look self-sufficient, you just need to carefully process the bars. If you plan to decorate the outer sides of the walls, then it will be enough to plan the material only from the side oriented to the interior of the bath room.

The first step in the construction of a bath from a bar is the installation of a strapping wreath on a prepared foundation. The best option the choice of timber timber for the strapping crown - hardwood ash, oak and larch. Be sure to treat the building material with antiseptic substances.

Laying the first crown of the log house

The quality factor and stability of the entire log cabin of a bath from a bar depends on how well you lay the first crown. And you should prepare for this work thoroughly, having calculated each step in advance.

Before laying the first, initial strapping crown, a layer of waterproofing should be laid on top of the bath foundation. Before doing this, check with a level: it must be exactly horizontal. In case of a difference of more than 1 centimeter, level with a concrete mortar.

After that, evenly place the roofing material in several layers, smeared with each other with mastic. Experts call the following stacking technology optimal: 2 layers of roofing material, laying board, one more layer of roofing material. Connect the bars of the first crown to each other in half a tree, and in order to prevent possible later shifts of the bars, arrange a secret spike.

The next step is the insulation of the crown crown. For this, a layer of flax-jute fiber laid over a beam is optimally suited. The next crown is laid on the insulation layer, and so on, alternating timber and thermal insulation. This will help to avoid blowing through in possible cracks, and will also play an important role in the subsequent hydro and vapor barrier of the bath from the inside.

Choosing the right timber for the first crown

The beam must be selected and prepared in advance so as not to be distracted by trifles and shortcomings during the construction process. To install the first crown, you should choose a high-quality material, since the integrity of the structure during operation depends on it:

the beam must be perfectly flat;
there should be no knots and chips on the surface;
the main condition is the maximum density of the beam rings; for the manufacture of such material, the middle part of the tree is taken;
a beam with traces of blue on the surface of the wood is categorically unacceptable not only for the first crown, but for the entire frame.

The finished timber produced at the factory is usually already processed and completely ready for use, but additional processing will not hurt, especially for the construction of a bath. Thoroughly coat the beam with mastic, which is pre-mixed with mining. Impregnation based on this composition is perfectly absorbed into the wood. The ends of the timber do not need to be processed, they should remain bare and release moisture from themselves during drying and shrinkage of the structure.

It depends on how carefully you process the timber, how long the lower crown will serve faithfully, and therefore all the walls of your bath.

Methods for locking beams in a log house

There are several ways to connect the timber in the walls of the bath, which will avoid the effects of wind and cold temperatures on the room from the outside. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Method one: butt joint. With it, the bars are joined at the ends to each other, while each connecting seam is overlapped from above by the next. In order for the butt joint to be reliable and not lose its qualities over time, follow the ends of the bars: they must be absolutely even. The cut makes an angle of 90 degrees.

However, a butt joint, even a very tight one, does not exclude rather high heat losses through such corners of the bath. Well, since the bath should be warm and cozy, it is worth considering such a method as a “warm corner”, which is a connection of bars into a root spike.

For such a connection, a special groove is made in the end part of one of the bars, and a vertical spike is made in the other bar, at the end. In some cases, knitting is done according to the principle of a double or triple slotted spike, that is, several vertical spikes are made on the beam, respectively.

Whatever type of beam connection you choose for the walls of your bath, the most important thing is to remember to lay the interventional insulation between the beams. This will simultaneously increase the density of the connection of building materials and serve as excellent thermal insulation for the entire log house.

Sometimes during construction it may be necessary to splice the bars along the length. In this case, the "butt" method for splicing is not recommended for use. For such work, there are types of splicing that have been used for a long time:

oblique cut at the ends, or oblique butt;
end butt joint with a crest preventing the formation of cracks;
direct overlay method, in which the cutting is twice the thickness of the beam in length;

a relatively new and more practical method of slanted and slanted escutcheon, which provides resistance to lateral loads.

Insulation used for laying between crowns

As mentioned above, flax jute is the most optimal material for providing insulation between the crowns. Now it can be bought at any building supermarket. Such insulation is available in rolls of different widths, depending on the size of the selected log or beam, which greatly simplifies the choice, besides it is very easy to cut into strips according to the selected length. This material is made from natural fibers of jute and flax, the composition is maintained in strict proportions.

During the production process, a web of high density and uniform thickness is obtained, in which the fibers are fastened together using special notched needles.

By laying a flax-and-jute cloth between the beams as a heater during the construction of walls, you will save yourself from the need for additional caulking, and after the shrinkage of the beam is over, the walls will take the form of a solid monolith. Such a fabric will not spread due to the loads applied by the crowns, it will provide uniform insulation along the length of the seam, it is resistant to moisture, wind and dust, temperature changes and other climatic troubles.

Dowel for timber

The crowns of the log house should be connected to each other around the entire perimeter, as well as in the corners on the lock joints using dowels, or wooden round dowels. Such pins should be made of hardwood, that is, larch, oak or ash. The very process of making a dowel is as follows: take an inch board, cut square slats out of it. After sawing them to the required length. Give the slats a rounded shape by squeezing and chipping off the sides.

There is a much simpler and less expensive, "lazy" way to make a nagel. Buy ready-made shovels and rakes from the store, and cut them according to the desired size. This can save you a lot of money and especially time.

The installation of dowels in the beam is done at a distance of a meter and a half from each other, and without fail on each side of the log house in the corners. It is necessary to fasten the beam on those sections of the wall where windows and doors will be located, and fastening should be done 15-20 centimeters before the cutout for the box. This will subsequently prevent the beam from being twisted out of the masonry during the drying of the wood and during the shrinkage of the bath log.

In order to install the dowel, holes are drilled in the beam from above in such a way that the two upper beams are stitched through, and in the third a groove is obtained with a depth of 5 to 7 cm, no more. Strictly maintain the diameter of the dowel: it should be approximately 2 mm smaller than the diameter of the hole. If you do not follow this rule, then during the shrinkage of the log house, the walls can “walk”, which will lead to their significant distortion and affect the boxes for windows and doors. The dowel should easily enter the hole when driving and sink into the upper beam by 5 centimeters.

This method of installing dowels is one of the most common, but far from the only one. Many masters have found their own method, which has become familiar. After all, the most important function of the dowel is to exclude the displacement of the timber inside the masonry and ensure the log house has the correct shrinkage during drying, during which the wood will move freely along the surface of the dowel.

The technology discussed above will make it easy, without special professional skills, to build walls of the required height, while taking into account the natural drying of wood, and, accordingly, shrinkage in the height of the log house of the building by about 7-8 percent.

Completion of work on the construction of walls from a bar

After the construction of the walls from the timber for your bath is over, without wasting time, you should start installing ceiling beams and erecting a roof. It is not worth delaying with this, since the open interior of the bath is subject to the harmful effects of precipitation and wood, as well as the decay of used wood.

When the roof is installed, you can safely get down to work on waterproofing the walls from the inside and decorative trim outside. But this is a completely different story, you still have a lot to do in order for the bathhouse to please you, your family and guests. And we will cover each step in the following articles.

A log bath is an additional building on the site, which is not as easy to build as it might seem at first glance. If you have professional construction skills, special knowledge and experience, the preparation and implementation of the project will really not take much time. However, it is quite dangerous for a beginner to undertake such a thing: the design may not last long. In any case, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the features of the projects and their implementation.

Preparation for construction

Before you build a small bath, you need to do the preparatory work.

Choosing a location

Any structure, regardless of the area and purpose, should be planned, following certain norms and rules. The place for the bath must be chosen taking into account a number of requirements.

The building must not:

Being too close to a residential building.
Harm the communication system.
Crush the area closest to it.

It is necessary to take into account the distance to other structures in order to avoid problems with civil servants and neighbors. The rules of SNiP regulate at what distance it is necessary to build a bathhouse from other structures. According to the rules established by the state, from the bathhouse to other structures and buildings there should be:

3 meters - to a residential building;
4 meters to medium trees, and 5 meters to large ones;
1 meter to other shrubs;
4 meters from buildings where animals are kept.

The choice of material for the walls

Yes, a bath can be built from any materials. But it is advisable not to use the same brick, polystyrene concrete and foam block. They get too hot and then take a long time to cool down. In such structures, strong humidity is created, and when aired, the room dries very quickly.

Bricks and blocks, if desired, can be used, but they must be multi-layered for such variable thermal conditions.

The best option is a beam. It does not require any cladding. In addition, it is the tree that gives useful and healthy steam when heated.

Drawing up project documentation

Creating a bath project consists of:

Outline sketches and drawings.
Drawing up a work schedule.
Budget calculation.

With a drawing, you can:

make the correct orientation to the cardinal points;
plan doors and windows;
wire correctly.

When drawing up a project, it is necessary to take into account climatic conditions and the location of the object:

It is desirable to place windows from the west and south.
Put the doors on the side of the house.
If possible, it is better to build a bath on some hill. Thereby storm water will bypass it.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building a bath from profiled timber. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Obtaining permission from administrative authorities

If you build a bathhouse without approving it in the relevant structures, it can be demolished due to any complaints from neighbors.

Therefore, it is necessary that the project be approved. To do this, it must include:

Floor plan, even if the bath consists of one floor. The plan should include detailed drawings, sections and explication.
Approximate estimate for materials.
Foundation type with drawings.
Written consent of all the nearest neighbors for the construction of a bath.

Obtaining a permit is a mandatory procedure.

Bath layout

In order for the project to be complete and allow you to get permission from the administrative authorities the first time, you need to know the bath device well. This will help you make the right drawings.

Baths consist of 4 parts:

Dressing room.
Shower.
Steam room.
Tambour.

Typical layout of a bath with a vestibule

Tambour

After entering, a person enters the vestibule. The tambour is at the same time a hallway and protection of the dressing room from cold air. It is sometimes used as a locker room. The size is chosen by the future owner.

dressing room

Behind the vestibule is a dressing room. This is the room where people relax. Because of this, it should be made comfortable, convenient, and most importantly - spacious. This room is also used as a place for cooling, so the presence of a window is necessary.

Important! Many make the floor slippery. This is gross mistake. After leaving the steam room, the feet may be wet, which will directly lead to injury.

shower room

steam room

At the very end of the bath is a steam room. The main thing to consider is that the doors should not go to the vestibule! This error will constantly lower the temperature in the steam room, which will reduce its efficiency.

Stages of building a bath

Below is a step-by-step answer to the question of how to build a bath from a bar.

Foundation

The construction of a bath from a bar begins with the construction of a foundation. The strength of the structure will depend on the quality and reliability of the foundation. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account this stage with all responsibility.

In addition to the material, when choosing the type of foundation, one should take into account the type of soil and the relief of the earth.
Considering that timber structures are not heavy, in order to equip the base with even terrain, great choice will become a strip foundation.
If the relief difference is more than one meter, it is better to choose bored piles.

If it is decided that a bath from a bar with a strip foundation will be erected on a particular land, it is necessary to start work as follows. The first step is to transfer the finished plan to the area. The theodolite will help with this. In the absence of this building device, it is proposed to use pegs and cords. They can also be used to draw straight lines.

As soon as the markup is ready, the construction of the foundation begins. First of all, trenches are dug. Their depth is determined by the type of soil and the depth of freezing in this area. If the soil is heaving, the trench should be 17-20 cm more than the maximum freezing depth. Depending on the climatic zone, the latter indicator may vary.

A layer of sand is poured into the finished trenches, the minimum thickness of which is 13-15 cm. Next, wooden formwork should be installed. In addition to a wooden shield, any sheet materials are used for this:

slates;
boards;
plywood, etc.

Then you should lay a layer of waterproofing for the foundation. To stiffen the structure, the foundation can be reinforced using a frame of 14 mm rods, which are connected with wires. After that they prepare concrete mix to fill the trench. After 4 days, the formwork is removed.

Selection and purchase of timber

Further steps directly depend on the raw materials from which you need to build a bath from a bar. It is only required to prepare in advance a high-quality tree, necessary for the construction of walls in the bath.

Beam is one of the most popular and best building materials for the bath:

It gives minimal shrinkage.
Does not require fitting.
Mounted on a small foundation.

But at the same time, its quality directly depends on the selected raw material. Therefore, at the stage of purchasing material, you need to be extremely careful.

When the site is located in a temperate climate zone, it is not recommended to use logs that are less than 20 cm thick. Otherwise, the walls will be too small and thin. Therefore, heat will be retained inside very poorly.

Small logs are often used in an attempt to save money, but this is a cancerous mistake. This will only increase the costs, because, it will be necessary to sheathe everything with thermal insulation materials.

Important! Need to find and buy good beam. Do not spend money on defective material. If there are cracks, axial deformities or lesions, discard and look elsewhere.

During the purchase, you should pay attention to the thickness of the trunks. If possible, it is better to buy those logs, the difference in thickness between the ends of which does not exceed 3 cm. Timber is cut along the length of the bath. In most cases, the dimensions of bath complexes are 6x6 or 6x3.

Laying rows

The first row is called the lining crown. It is advisable for him to use the thickest logs and put them on the foundation base. Prior to this, it is necessary to lay waterproofing. After that they collect bottom harness. Logs are made on it in order to further collect the floor.
Then comes the horseshoe crown. A window row is laid on it, and then a window row. How many rows will be calculated even during the creation of the plan. The height of the building depends on this factor.
On the last step when all the crowns are already installed, the log house is left for a while. It should sag and take its final form. The best time for this procedure - up to 700 days.

The most important stage in the construction of a bath is the laying of a mortgage crown:

Bars 20x20 are great for the first row.
Necessarily - all the bars should be cut so that their length is the same.

Important! Even a little accuracy cannot be allowed. In most cases, "in the paw" is chosen as the type of connection.

When laying a bath on lining, and not on a foundation foundation, it is advisable to build a temporary roof over the building.

You need to spend a lot of effort for the ideal arrangement of rows and the most even laying. After the end of the first row, the remaining space between the base and the materials is filled with foam. There is no need to fix the first screw - the overall stability is guaranteed by the weight of the structure.

As soon as the process of assembling the log house is completed, window and door frames are installed.

Installation process: additional factors

Be sure to lay the waterproofing between the base and the first row of timber. The surface is covered with bitumen, then a layer of roofing material is applied. As soon as the first layer cools down, the second and roofing material are applied.

Mortgage rows should always be treated with antiseptics:

Particular attention should be paid to the surface adjacent to the base.
Machine oil is excellent as an impregnation.

Most professionals use this particular oil, because it is inexpensive and is sold almost everywhere.

Lack of contact with the foundation.
Improvements in ventilation.
Protect trees from mold and mildew.

All of the above will increase the shelf life of the tree.

Roofing, screed and fine finishing - the final stage

Lay the floor.
Make a small decoration inside.
Decorate the roof.

The roof is very easy to make. You should choose between single and double. Their main difference is in the slope. The gable is made of 2 planes, which together form a ridge.
Single-sided - this is one canvas. It is chosen for garages, sheds and other non-residential structures.

It is with the installation of lags that the flooring begins. Boards are laid on the logs. It is desirable to make them from pine or larch. Definitely need a floorboard!

Further work directly depends on which floor is being built. In baths, non-leaking or leaking floors are made. When choosing the second option, the boards are simply placed as close to each other as possible, slightly increasing the angle. At an angle, water flows into a gutter or siphon.

Further finishing is completely a matter of taste of the owner. Beam - interesting and designer advantageous material, which does not require much effort in the design after construction. Leaving it in its original form, it will be possible to create the atmosphere of a classic Russian bath.

Video description

Interesting bath interior design ideas - in this video:

From time immemorial, a Russian person has a love for a bathhouse. To this day, it does not change and remains faithful for more than a dozen centuries. The bath has always served as a place for washing and purification for our people. Not for nothing they say I went to the bathhouse, as I was born again. The most precious place in the bath is, of course, the steam room, there is nothing special at first glance, a heater and shelves, but when you sit down, you sit and splash on the heater, it will give you raspberry heat, and then you will feel Russian love for a bathhouse. Not some saunas and other overseas curiosities were not even close to our favorite bathhouse. How many songs and poems did the people shine on the bathhouse "Ex bathhouse, bathhouse, you are raspberry hot"

You can praise the bath endlessly))).

To date, there is a mass construction of baths on summer cottages and country estates, because in Soviet times it was forbidden to build capital buildings on 6 acres. But there was no talk about the bathhouse and in general, it was under a strict ban. Later, in the 90s, people were not up to it. Now, thank God, the people have a penny and a little freedom of action.

People are drawn to their historical roots, and the bath accompanies the people from the beginning of its existence. And it will not be surprising if people begin to explore other planets, then the first building on the new earth should be a bathhouse.

Today's construction boom is also fueled by the presence of a huge amount of building materials on the market. From which only baths are not built today, the main and unchanged is a wooden frame, it is always in the first place, but bricks, blocks, timber are also used, which simplifies the construction process by an order of magnitude.

For example, from blocks, a box of a future bath, if desired, can be folded by one person, quite in a short time, without having building skills.

Of course, you can’t compare with a log house, but still an alternative.

The author conceived the construction of a bathhouse on personal plot, and the material for construction was chosen by timber, which is also much easier to do at the construction stages, because there is no need to cut crowns, grooves and everything else.

Previously, baths were built mainly without a foundation, as a result of which the lower crown quickly fell into disrepair due to dampness. There was also basically no drainage system, and sewerage, and water poured directly onto the floor, and went into the ground through cracks in the floor.

But in our time, everything is far from being the case, because people have learned to put a bathhouse on the foundation, make a drain system, and sewerage, as a result of which the service life of the bathhouse is greatly increased. Recently, the bathhouse has also been divided into two rooms, a steam room and a washing room, which also has a number of advantages in terms of temperature, because temperature and steam are not needed to swim and wash, a separate room was allocated for these purposes.

The construction begins with the pouring of the foundation, then the erection of walls, roofing, installation sauna stove, interior decoration.

And so now let's take a closer look at all the stages of construction, how he carried out these works, and what he needed for this.

Materials: timber 100 to 100, cement, sand, roofing material, tow, roofing material, sauna stove, brick, chimney pipes, sewage pipe, car tires.
Instruments: chainsaw, hacksaw, axe, hammer, chisel, drill, screwdriver, trowel, mallet, level.

And so, first of all, he invites us to look and deal with the scheme of the future bath.

Construction began in the winter and first rakes the snow to clear the site for construction.

And then pours the foundation, makes waterproofing.

Then he starts building walls.

Pay your attention to how the author makes a lock for fastening the structure.

As the walls are built, window and door openings appear.

Then he makes the roof and ceiling, while setting a plumb line in order to accurately install the sauna stove later.

And now the main part of the construction is completed, the log house is ready and hid under the roof.

Makes a sewer.

Proceeds to the installation of the sauna stove and chimney.

Coming to interior decoration baths.

Do you want to build a bath, but do not know what material is best to use to implement your idea? Then be sure to pay attention to the beam. A bath made of this material will be environmentally friendly, reliable and durable. At the same time, you can handle the construction of such a structure with your own hands.

There is absolutely nothing complicated in the self-construction of a bath from a bar. This material has many advantages over its closest analogue - a rounded log (log). Among the main advantages of the beam, the following points should be noted:

However, in order for a bath from a bar to fully show all its advantages and serve for the longest possible time, you must approach the choice of building material responsibly and competently.

What kind of timber can be used to build a bath?

The most important operational parameters of the finished steam room directly depend on the quality of the wood. First of all, pay attention that the logs are intact. No cracks or other defects are allowed. Even minor damage can lead to big trouble in the future, as a result of which the wood will rot and collapse.

Make sure that there are no blue spots on the surface of the wood. Such defects indicate the presence of rot inside the material, the development of which in most cases is provoked by a variety of pathogens. It is impossible to use such material for the construction of a steam room and any other building.

There should be no noticeable signs of damage by beetles and other pests on the timber.

High-quality timber has a perfectly flat and smooth surface. It is strongly recommended to refrain from buying material with distortions and any other damage - when laying the crowns, all deviations will clearly appear.

Bath building guide

Pre-compile yourself, order or find a bath project in an open source. Calculate the required amount of building materials according to the project and proceed with the construction of a bath from a bar. Start by arranging the base.

The first stage is the foundation

The finished steam room made of wood will have a relatively small weight, which makes it possible to refuse the arrangement of monolithic buried foundation structures. A structure made of timber will feel great on an ordinary strip or column foundation.

To equip the base of the tape type, dig a trench around the perimeter and under the walls of the future building, fill the bottom of the pit with sand and gravel, lay the reinforcing mesh, install the formwork and pour concrete. The optimal foundation depth is 70-100 cm. When choosing a specific depth, be guided by the soil freezing rates for your region.

Strip foundation - the order of construction

The foundation should rise above the ground by at least 50 cm - this will provide the necessary protection of the lower rims from excessive dampness.

Inside the perimeter of the strip base, pour strips of sand and gravel. In the future, you can fill them with concrete or build a wooden floor - choose a specific option at your discretion.

For arrangement column foundation it is necessary to build supports made of bricks or concreted asbestos pipes around the perimeter, in the corners and under future interior walls baths. Under each such support, a concrete “cushion” should be pre-arranged. Place the posts in 150 cm increments.

Regardless of the type of base chosen, it is necessarily subject to additional reinforcement.

Let the concrete gain strength for 3-5 weeks and proceed with further work.

The second stage - waterproofing the foundation

Apply molten bitumen to the surface of the base, and a layer of roofing material on it. Let the bitumen harden and repeat the operations. As a result, you will get a reliable two-layer moisture protection.

Before proceeding with further work, impregnate all wooden elements with an antiseptic. Such processing should be carried out after the preparation of cuts for fastening the beams, if such cuts were absent initially.

The third stage - the first crown

Proceed to laying the first crown of walls. To do this, first lay the slats up to 1.5 cm thick, pre-treated with an antiseptic, on a waterproofed base. Lay the slats in increments of about 30 cm.

Lay the first crown of bars on the slats. Thanks to the slats, the contact of the beam with the foundation of the bath will be excluded. This will provide additional protection against wood decay and will significantly extend the life of the material.

Lay the first crown so far without fixing. Make sure that it is laid correctly and evenly with a square and a level.

If necessary, align the lower crown beams, and then attach them to the foundation. There are several mounting methods. The most optimal and frequently used method involves fixing the beam with anchor bolts.

However, quite often, developers refuse to attach the lower beam to the foundation. In practice, the design stands perfectly even without fixing the lower crown, held by its own weight. The advantage of this solution is that in the future, if necessary, the beam of the lower crown can be replaced with much less effort.

Blow out the space between the first crown and the base with mounting foam.

Fourth stage - the rest of the crowns

Ideal for bath walls wooden beam section 15x15 cm.

Cover the first crown of the beam heat-insulating material. For insulation, jute or moss is traditionally used. You can also use tow. In the case of moss or tow, the thermal insulation should be laid out with a 10 cm overlap at the edges. In the future, you will use the raised edges for the caulk.

Lay the second crown of the beam and fix it with wooden dowels. Pre-drill mounting holes of the appropriate diameter. Usually the length of one dowel is enough to fasten 2-3 rows of timber.

Lay out the walls of the required height. Every 3-4 rows, check the design with a square and building level. Place a sealant between the crowns.

The top two crowns do not need to be fixed. The wood will shrink. Ceiling beams can only be installed after the wood has dried. To install the beams, the upper crowns will need to be dismantled.

Fifth stage - door and window openings

There are two options for arranging openings for mounting doors and installing windows.

In accordance with the first option, the said holes are created after the construction of the log bath is completed. To do this, you must first leave small gaps in the crowns at the installation sites of doors and windows. The dimensions of the gaps depend on the dimensions of the installed products.

After the construction of the bath is completed, you will simply have to make openings for mounting doors and windows with a chainsaw.

In accordance with the second method, openings for doors and windows must be left during the construction of the bath. This option requires more time and effort. To accomplish the task, you will need to use special grooves and bars with end cuts.

The sixth stage - caulking

Leave the finished timber box for "wintering" for a duration of 6-7 months. During this time, the wood will give sufficient shrinkage. For the period of "wintering" cover the beam with boards and slate.

If you used tow or moss as an interventional sealant, you can skip this step in the instructions - you will most likely not need additional caulking for your timber bath.

However, experts still recommend studying the state of the structure. If noticeable gaps are found, be sure to caulk. To do this, twist the tow or moss into a bundle and twist the material into the gap, followed by compaction.

You can also use jute sealant to fill the gaps. By most indicators, this material is superior to tow and moss, but it costs a little more.

Stage seven - the roof

The roof should become a reliable protection for your timber bath. To arrangement roof structure you can proceed only after the wood shrinks, otherwise the roof will lead and it will be significantly deformed.

First step. Lay down wooden beams over the top wall trim.

Second step. Attach the rafter legs to the fixed beams in 100 cm increments. To connect the rafters in the ridge part of the roof, cut them at the required angle.

Third step. Nail a solid board deck to the rafters (if for finishing soft will be used roll material) or build a crate (if you plan to trim the roof with tiles, slate or other sheet material).

Fourth step. Mount the finish roofing in accordance with the instructions for the selected material.

Fifth step. Cover the roof ridge with galvanized iron. This will protect it from adverse environmental influences.

Sixth step. Sew up the gables of the roof with suitable improvised materials - clapboard, wooden board or siding. At this point, focus on your individual preferences.

After finishing roofing works proceed to the insulation and other insulation work, interior decoration and arrangement of the steam room in accordance with your project.

Successful work!

Video - Building a bath with your own hands

Most people in the construction give preference to natural materials, namely wood. The bar at all times was in great demand among connoisseurs of baths, it is safe for health, practical to assemble and elegant. This article will help you understand the features of building a building from a profiled beam with your own hands, as well as talk about some options for the construction of this structure.

How to choose the right timber

Before buying a tree for construction, you need to know certain features that you should pay attention to before purchasing the material.

You need to carefully examine the tree. It should not have cracks, the timber can quickly deteriorate.
It is not necessary to purchase material with dark spots. Spots often indicate the process of decay.
It is worth refusing logs with traces of bark beetle, the presence of wormholes.
The low cost of the material may indicate its low quality.

High-quality material will allow you to build a beautiful structure and do it in a short time. When building, everything must be done in stages, not in a hurry, so that the result will meet all expectations.

How to prepare a beam yourself

Wood is a natural and expensive material; the price in Russia for a 150/150/6000 beam ranges from 7,000 to 9,000 rubles. You can prepare a log house yourself, mainly in winter.

After sawing, the tree should lie down for some time, one month is enough. After that, you need to carefully inspect the trunks and select high-quality, without black spots (rot), traces of bark beetle.

After we proceed to cleaning the bars. The first step is to remove the bark, but not all. Leave about 15 cm of bark on both sides, this is necessary to prevent cracking. The blanks must be folded on a hill so that the logs do not come into contact with the ground, at a distance of at least 5 cm from each other.

Before choosing a material, you need to pay attention to both deciduous and coniferous trees. Logs from deciduous trees are best laid on the lower rows when building a bath, and above coniferous trees - they have better thermal insulation.

A detailed report on the construction of a bath from a log house with your own hands. Everything is simple.

How to draft a future bath

Bath construction technology should begin with the drafting of the project. The project will allow to calculate to the smallest detail the characteristic nuances of this room.

Bath project example

An accurate plan allows you to save money, thanks to the documentation, the owner will be able to accurately calculate the amount of all the materials that he may need for construction.

In the title photo there is a small typical bath from a bar with an area of 6 * 4 square meters. meters (turnkey price - 520 thousand rubles, log cabin - 300 thousand rubles)

When drawing up a project, consider the main nuances:

The number of people who will be in the steam room at the same time, per person should be at least 4m 2;
The location of the structure plays an important role, if there is a lake or a river nearby, then it is better to design a bathhouse near a reservoir;
What materials, in addition to the beam itself, will you use for construction. They must be harmless (natural) for the body: stones for a steam room, moss, hemp hemp for caulking logs.

Foundation construction

The foundation must have good resistance to various weather conditions (frost, snow, rain) and be durable. You can build a foundation on your own, without resorting to the help of professional builders.

The first step is to determine the material of the foundation, the choice of which takes into account:

Level ground water Location on;
Soil type;
If possible, it is necessary to accurately calculate the load that will affect the foundation. This includes the weight of the building itself, the equipment inside the building, the total weight of people who can be in the steam room at the same time;
It is also important to determine the depth of soil freezing in winter time of the year.

When building a bath, several types of foundations are often used:

Tape base;
Pillars;
Pile foundation.

Tape base

This type of foundation is a classic option, it is used to build baths and other structures.

The strip foundation happens:

monolithic;
prefabricated.

The first one is a tape made of a monolith, it is located along the entire base of the perimeter of the future bath with jumpers in the middle that serve as a support for bearing walls building. The very process of this foundation is digging a trench and laying a deck. Before pouring concrete, it is necessary to lay metal reinforcement.

A prefabricated strip foundation can be erected if there is an access road near the future bath. Mobile weigh quite a lot, cranes are used for this.

foundation pillars

This foundation is often used in flooded areas, in order to save - as it does not require the use of a large number materials.

To build a foundation with pillars, it is necessary to dig at least 6 identical pits along the perimeter of the future structure. After that, a concrete solution is poured, mainly with impurities of stone, thereby erecting pillars. The distance between the supports should be at least 1.5 meters.

The columnar foundation evenly distributes the weight of the structure and can support a building with several floors. Pillars for the foundation prevent the ingress of water during flooding.

pile foundation

Piles are often used in areas with a sloping slope.

If there is no time and opportunity to correct the slope on the site, then screw piles come to the rescue. You can install them without difficulty, several men in just 3 days.

A screw pile, outwardly similar to a rod, it is hollow and made of durable metal. The top layer of the rod is coated with a special anti-corrosion agent, so that when screwing in (when scratches form), corrosion does not occur.

Laying the first crowns

After the construction and complete drying of the foundation, you can start laying the first crowns, it's not difficult, the main thing is to use the building level.

The first step is to check the first log for evenness, for this you need to use a level (not by eye, as many do). A perfectly even beam at the base is the key to the successful construction of the entire structure.

The first crown should be much thicker than all subsequent ones; all subsequent ones will rest on it. Experienced builders argue that the first crown should be with sections of 20/20 cm, and all the rest will be laid above it, with sections of 15/15 cm, no less.

It is necessary to lay the first crowns not on the foundation itself, but on pre-fixed wooden yards, 1.5 cm wide. This will prevent the occurrence of dampness and decay and increase the service life of its use.

Before you fold the tree, you should know that you can not do it tightly, over time it will sit down and swell a little. It is unnecessary to fix the lower beam - the pressure of all the higher rows provides it with good fixation. If the lower frame of the bath needs to be replaced, then disassembly of the entire structure is not required, and only the lower row needs to be removed.

This video will tell you more about the features of the construction of the walls of a wooden bath.

Walling

If the walls have not been previously processed, then it is worth doing, for this the tree is covered with a special protective agent, prevents fire and protects against harmful insects. When choosing logs, it is worth giving preference to logs without knots, as this may require additional processing of the material.

Before assembling the walls, everyone should know - this can be done in two ways:

With the remainder;
No remainder.

The laying of beams with the remainder involves the spacing of the ends of the logs over a horizontal surface. Without a trace, the log lies close to each other without protruding ends. Let's take a look at each one step by step.

A bath without remnants of protruding logs requires less cost than with a remnant; the second requires logs more than half a meter long than in the masonry of the first method.

In construction practice, there are several ways to connect a log house with the rest:

Oblo;
Okhlop;
Ohryap.

First option involves a cutout of the round bowl of the upper log, after which the next transverse log is laid into it.

Second option similar to the first, only the bowl is carved on the bottom of the log.

Third way has significant differences from the previous two. In this case, grooves are made rectangular shape on both sides for about a quarter of the length.

Insulation must be laid on the first row, often moss or tow is used. After laying the second row, fix it, it can be done in two ways, using metal pins, wooden dowels.

Having laid all the crowns, you should know that the last few are not fixed, as they will give styling over time. Ceiling beams are laid on top.

caulking slots

The construction of the bath involves caulking cracks. Experts say that this is not necessary, since wooden structures, especially baths, swell, smoothing out the cracks. If you do not caulk the walls, then if long time do not use the steam room, then the logs in it dry up, thereby decreasing, so you still need to caulk the cracks.

The material for caulking cracks must have the following qualities:

It is good to absorb moisture;
Keep warm and let air through;
It should not form mold, insects;
The material must perfectly tolerate temperature fluctuations;
It must be environmentally friendly.

Very often, materials such as linen tow, marsh moss, tow, sphagnum or hemp hemp are used to caulk cracks in timber structures. All these materials absorb moisture well and protect the building from heat loss.

Roof

The roof for the steam room can be single-pitched and gable. For a bath from a bar 6x6 often use gable roof, it is perfect for the weather conditions of our country (under it you can place - attic, attic).

For a small steam room from a 6x3 bar, you can use shed roof, before installing it, you need to think about insulation in advance. Warming can be done in two ways, namely with the use of mineral wool or foam. Mineral wool much more expensive and more difficult to install. Polyfoam is much cheaper, its installation will take much less time.

Installation of doors and windows

Installation of doors and window frames can be done in parallel with the construction of walls or after. When building, do not forget that the bathhouse will settle over time, so installing windows in parallel with the construction can be very risky.

When the building is ready, you can begin to install window frames. If the places previously left under the windows turned out to be smaller than the frame itself, then they can be cut with a chainsaw.

Windows for a steam room use plastic or with wooden frames. As for the door, preference should be given to wood, and during installation it should be remembered that even a treated wood surface swells with high moisture, and shrinks with insufficient moisture.

Under the door made of wood, there must be a small threshold, which will prevent heat loss. The handle on the door on the side of the steam room should be wooden, you can get burned from metal.

The construction of a structure from a bar by professionals of a construction company. Is it better to do it yourself or hire professionals?

Natural shrinkage, internal work

Finishing a bath from a bar inside should be done as soon as the structure is seated. After laying the upper side beams, the structure should be covered with slate and left for at least six months without operation, preferably in winter.

After six months, the coating is removed, then covered with a permanent roof, windows, doors are installed and internal work is carried out.

If you have no experience in construction, then in this case preference should be given to small baths, 3.5 / 3.5 meters in size, a family of 3-4 people can fit in it, while its equipment may consist of a dressing room, washing and pair of course.

If your private area is small, then in this case the bath can be combined with a utility room, very often a steam room is attached to the summer kitchen.

It is better to have such a structure in the depth of the site, so that the neighbors do not interfere with your rest.

An inexperienced builder is better to give preference strip foundation if the ground allows it.

The walls, both inside and outside, do not require special coating, in extreme cases, this can be done with varnish, antiseptic

Many people think that the bath is expensive pleasure, moreover, from a double beam, that is, a natural expensive material. Not everyone thinks that you can make blanks on your own, and then build the steam room itself, thereby getting a full-fledged Russian bath from natural timber cheaply, which will delight you for many years.