Is it possible to transplant a tangerine in the summer. How to transplant a tangerine tree at home. Diseases, problems in cultivation

Most of our children, and often we ourselves, adults, began our acquaintance with botany with a tangerine. Orange, fragrant, with bright slices and inconspicuous seeds, it led us to the question: is it possible to grow such a miracle on our own? And if this question overtook us not far from the pot of earth, even if it was already occupied by some kind of plant, the seeds immediately went into the soil. And after a while, the already forgotten experiment turned into a difficult task: how to care for and get fruits from your own tangerine in home-grown conditions? In the article we will talk about this.

Mandarin tree (Citrus reticulata). © Team D Content:

Mandarin from the bone - we analyze the difficulties

Before deciding to grow a tangerine from a stone, you need to think: how much are you ready to work hard to achieve a result, and what exactly do you want from the tree you grow - just decorative or also fruits? Are you ready to wait? Mandarin from the stone grows quite slowly. Are you willing to experiment? In order for the plant to bloom, it will take more than one year, and it is not uncommon for a tangerine to not bloom at all, then you will need to help it.

In addition, if a mandarin grown from a stone gives fruits, they are not similar to those from which the seed was taken (in order for the variety to repeat, it is necessary to propagate it vegetatively - by cuttings, grafting). However, what happens, in any case, pleasantly surprises!

Planting a tangerine

What seeds to plant?

For planting a tangerine, it is best to take seeds from the numerous hybrids offered for sale today. They sprout faster, bloom earlier, in most cases produce edible fruits and are easier to graft. It is very simple to distinguish them from real tangerines: real ones do not have seeds in their fruits, or there are very few of them, and hybrids are always with seeds.

Selected seeds should not be thin, as if withered, deformed or with a blackened tip. It is good that there are at least five tangerine seeds, since not all will germinate, and if the plants are planned for grafting, then at least ten, because grafting is not always successful.

Sprouted from seeds mandarin. © Jerry Coleby-William

We prepare the earth and select a pot

The next task is to prepare the substrate. It should not contain peat, as the mandarin does not like acidic soil. Therefore, the substrate is either bought in a store, marked pH = 6.5-7 (neutral soil), or made independently by mixing two parts of well-rotted humus, two parts of forest land (from under deciduous trees) and one part of sifted river sand. If there is no humus, you can just take non-acidic soil and sand.

Now you need to choose a container for landing. The first pots for young tangerines are quite capable of becoming plastic cups with a volume of 200 ml, bowls, at least 7-9 cm deep (always with a drainage hole) or small pots.

Planting mandarin seeds

For all citrus fruits, there is a single rule: the faster the seed from the fruit gets into the soil, the higher its germination. Therefore, after eating a tangerine, you do not need to dry its bones, you must immediately place them in the ground, digging them to a depth of 4 cm.

If, for some reason, the tangerine seeds could not be planted immediately, then, in order to slightly speed up the germination process, they are recommended to be soaked for several days. At the same time, the dishes in which they will lie should be flat, the cloth should be damp, but not flooded with water, the place should be warm, but not in the sun. So that the rag in which the tangerine bones are wrapped does not dry out, the saucer can be placed in a plastic bag, slightly cover it, but do not tie it.

A hatched tangerine from a seed. © Guilherme Silva

From seeding to seedlings

It is impossible to say in advance how long it will take for a seed to germinate and sprout. In some cases, it is 15 days, but more often - about a month. In any case, before germination, it is important to monitor soil moisture and air temperature, which should not fall below +20 ° C and exceed +25 ° C. At the same time, it is not recommended to place pots in a mini greenhouse, tangerines sprout so well, and plants grown in greenhouse conditions will then need to be accustomed to room conditions.

Transplanting mandarin seedlings

If the mandarin seeds are not planted in separate pots, but all together in a bowl, when four leaves appear (it is believed that citrus fruits do not have cotyledon leaves), it is time to transplant them into separate cups. From the resulting seedlings, the most powerful are selected, and the weak and deformed ones are discarded, obtaining plants that are stronger and more capable of growth and development.

Sometimes it happens that two sprouts grow from one mandarin seed (in citrus fruits, seeds are multi-germinated). In this case, you can do two things: either pinch a weaker plant, or plant the sprouts in different pots - usually each of them has its own root system.

The next mandarin transplant should be focused on root development: as soon as the roots occupy the entire volume of the cup, the plant is transferred to a larger pot. But immediately planting a seedling in a large amount of land is highly discouraged, because in this case waterlogging of the soil often occurs, which significantly depresses the plant.

Young mandarin trees are transplanted annually. Fruiting - once every 2-3 years, increasing the diameter of the pot not by 1, but by 4-6 cm. When planting, it is important to make sure not to deepen the root neck.

Old plants and large specimens of mandarin are not transplanted, but every few years they carefully remove the top layer of soil in a pot, replacing it with a new, fertile one.

Seedling tangerine. © George Shuklin

Formation of the tangerine

Mandarin - one of those plants that often have to be formed. The first pinching (if he has not started branching himself) is done when the seedling reaches a height of 30-40 cm. This technique causes the tree to start up side shoots of the first order. But this is not enough for flowering, because mandarin bears fruit only on branches of the 4th-5th order. Therefore, pinching is continued, removing the tips of all shoots after 4-5 leaves, as well as weak shoots and those that grow inside the crown. In general, the formation takes 3-4 years.

But to force branches of the first order, you can go the other way - to reject the shoots with the help of fixation. This method is more time consuming, but quite interesting. For its implementation, one end of the wire is fixed on a twig, and the other is fixed with a hairpin at the edge of the pot so that the formed mandarin shoot leans closer to a parallel position with respect to the ground.

Mandarin tree (Citrus reticulata). © petrmok29

Mandarin care at home

Care for tangerine trees varies somewhat depending on their age and purpose. If the specimen is young (up to 5 years old) or grown solely for the sake of green foliage, it needs regular watering (the soil must be kept moist, but not flooded), spraying (quite frequent) and a lot of light (with shading in summer period from the bright midday sun and illuminated on winter days).

In warm months, the tree can be taken out into the air (gradually accustoming) to a place protected from the wind. Once a month, it is useful for a mandarin to arrange a warm shower.

Like other citrus fruits, mandarin tends to turn the leaves towards the main light source. Therefore, for a more uniform formation of the crown, it can be rotated around its axis. But this should be done no more than 10 ° C at a time and no more than once every two weeks, because citrus fruits do not like rearrangements and may react negatively to them.

If the tangerine began to bloom, then, apart from routine care, he needs a period of winter dormancy, at a temperature of +10..12 ° C with more rare watering (it is necessary to allow the earth to dry out a little), a gradual increase in temperatures in the spring and the optimal temperature regime for the formation of buds (within +16..18 ° C). As well as moderate heat in summer - no higher than +25 ° C (at higher temperatures, flowers can crumble) and careful spraying (water should not fall on the flowers).

Since tangerines sing for about 6 months, many people have a question: should I give the tree a rest in winter or illuminate it with a lamp so that the fruits ripen? Answer: arrange. Even at +10..12 °C, tangerines slowly ripen.

Top dressing mandarin

Small tangerines are not fed, they are simply transferred to a larger pot. But older plants need to start fertilizing from the beginning of spring growth until autumn. This must be done with a special fertilizer for citrus fruits or mullein infusion (1:10 with water) every two weeks. Suitable for top dressing and chicken manure (tincture 1:20 diluted at the rate of 1:20 with water).

If the tree is planned for transplantation, mandarin feeding is stopped at least three days before this event. After transshipment, they return to fertilizers no earlier than 2 weeks later. In winter, tangerines do not feed.

First fruiting of tangerines

Mandarin, grown from the stone, enters fruiting in the 5th-6th year. Its fruits do not exactly repeat the taste of the mother variety and may differ from it in size, sweetness, aroma, but not only in the direction of deterioration of these qualities (as is commonly believed), but also in the direction of improvement (here - as lucky).

At the same time, the first fruiting does not yet fully reveal all the characteristics of the plant obtained from the seed. Therefore, if the tangerine has blossomed and set fruits, it needs to provide the most attractive conditions so that the tree can prove itself during repeated fruiting.

How to make a tangerine bloom?

Well, if the tangerine blooms by itself. And if not? In this case, he can be encouraged to do so. It is necessary to take a copper wire and wrap it tightly around the base of the tangerine trunk so that it is pressed into the bark. This will disrupt the sap flow process and force the plant to “think” about offspring - to bloom. After six months, the wire must be removed, and the wounded place should be treated with garden pitch - it will recover quickly enough.

However, the method will not work if the mandarin has not formed a crown and has not had a dormant period. Therefore, before starting the experiment, it is necessary to help the tree grow branches of the 4th and 5th order and go through a cold winter.

Mandarin graft

Another way to get fruit from a tangerine seedling is to graft it. To do this, it is necessary to grow a stock (tangerine from a stone) to the thickness of a trunk with a diameter of a simple pencil (about 6 mm) and find a scion - a small segment of a shoot taken from a varietal mandarin, or rather, a kidney (eye) with a leaf petiole.

At a height of 7 cm from the soil on the rootstock bark, make a cut in the shape of the letter “T” with a very sharp, preferably with a special budding knife, so as not to cut through the wood. The length of the cut should be about 2.5 cm, the upper jumper (the cap of the letter “T”) about 1 cm. Insert the cut mandarin bud (with the leaf petiole) into the bent ends of the bark (carefully push them away with a knife) and press the bark back. Treat everything with garden pitch and wrap it tightly with blue electrical tape, leaving the petiole out. Place the grafted plant in the greenhouse from the bag.

If the mandarin vaccination is successful, the bud will take root within three weeks, the petiole of the leaf will turn yellow and easily fall off. If the vaccination is not successful, the petiole will turn black.

In case of luck, the greenhouse begins to be ventilated little by little, gradually increasing the time of the sessions. A month after the appearance of a shoot from a new bud, the stem of the mandarin rootstock is cut with a pruner at a height of at least 5 mm from the grafting site, obliquely. The bandage is removed. The cut is treated with garden pitch.

Mandarin care during flowering / fruiting

In the phase of flowering and fruiting, mandarin needs more phosphorus and potash fertilizers than nitrogen. Watering should be regular, but not excessive. When the plant blooms, it must continue to be sprayed, but in such a way that water does not fall on the flowers.

In most cases, mandarin sheds extra flowers and ovaries, independently adjusting the load. If this does not happen, he needs to be helped by removing extra flowers and tangerines, leaving one fruit on the plant for every 15-20 leaves.

If ripening tangerines burst, then the plant is watered irregularly, or experiences an excess of nitrogen. In order for the mandarin to lay flower buds, he definitely needs winter rest.

Mandarin pests

It has been noticed that, grown from the stone, mandarin is much more resistant to environmental influences and pests than those that can be bought in the store. But, unfortunately, he also has malicious enemies. Most of them are afraid of ultraviolet and high humidity, so compliance good conditions plant maintenance is also a prevention against them. Who is it? Spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs, and also aphids.

Mandarin tree (Citrus reticulata). © Achievable Gardens

spider mite

With a size of only 0.3-0.6 mm, it is practically invisible to the human eye. But you can calculate it by the presence of small light dots on the underside of the leaves of the plant and the presence of the thinnest cobweb. If a tick is found, the fight against it should be immediate.

The first thing to start with is to thoroughly wash the plant with warm running water using laundry soap. Then it is necessary to spray the tangerine with Fitoverm, Intavir, Aktelik or other insecticide several times at intervals (7-10 days).

Shchitovka

It is a convex oval plate with a size of only 4 mm. The main sign of its presence is a sticky syrup-like coating that appears on the leaves of the plant. If the pest is not destroyed, the tree is quickly depleted and dries up.

You can try to cope with the scab by treating the tangerine with a soapy solution with the addition of kerosene: for 1 liter of water, 5 g of soap and 10 g of kerosene. Spray up to twice a week.

But treatments are more effective (from 3 to 5 times with an interval of 15 days) with insecticides Aktara, Fitoverm or others, which can always be found on sale. However, after such treatment, the fruits from the tree cannot be eaten and it is necessary to change the top layer of earth in a pot.

Mealybug

It is quite simple to detect it: the pest resembles a white fluffy coating scattered over the plant in the form of small dots, 3 to 6 mm in diameter. You can fight the worm manually, painstakingly collecting individuals, with the help of insecticides - Karbofos, Decis, Intavir or infusion of soap and garlic (2 cloves of garlic per 0.5 l of boiling water insist 4 hours).

Aphid

Almost everyone is familiar with this pest: from 1 to 3 mm long, light green in color, multiplies rapidly, lives in colonies. The harmfulness of aphids lies in the fact that it sucks juices from young shoots and leaves of mandarin, deforming them and depleting the plant.

In the fight against it, repeated (at intervals of 5-7 days) washing the plant with a solution of laundry soap, spraying with infusion of garlic (1 head of finely chopped garlic per glass of water, leave for 2 days), infusion of tobacco (40 g per 1 liter of water).

Problems when growing mandarin

Yellowing and falling leaves

This problem may have different reasons. It is important not to rush, carefully analyze the condition of the plant and make the correct diagnosis. In adult tangerines, the leaves may turn yellow and fall off due to their old age. But at the same time, the tree itself looks healthy and develops normally.

The general lightening of the foliage may indicate insufficient lighting of the plants. In this case, care must be taken to rearrange the tangerine closer to the light, or arrange artificial lighting for it.

Dropping tangerine leaves can begin due to too dry air (in the absence of regular spraying, especially during the heating season), improper transplantation (when the root collar is deepened, choosing too large a pot), drafts. If one of these reasons is found, they simply need to be eliminated.

The drying and falling of the lower leaves of the mandarin, despite the fact that the leaf begins to dry from the tip, is associated with regular waterlogging of the soil. This phenomenon occurs either as a result of excessive care, or because the pot is too large in relation to the seedling. In any case, the plant must be transplanted into an appropriate pot with fresh, loose (breathable) soil, after removing rotten roots.

If yellowing began from the bottom of the crown and spreads to the top, this indicates a lack of nitrogen. In this case, the mandarin must be fed with nitrogen fertilizers.

The light yellow color of young mandarin leaves, gradually passing to old leaves, indicates chlorosis (lack of iron). This is where iron chelation can help.

Mandarin leaves fall for no apparent reason - perhaps the plant lacks potassium. In this case, it must be fed with potassium nitrate.

blooming tangerine tree. © Chris.urs-o

It is important to know that young tangerines often produce rather long spines - nothing needs to be done with them!

In winter, citrus fruits, growing foliage, often form larger leaf plates than in spring and summer.

In order to distinguish a mandarin seedling from a lemon seedling, you need to smell their leaves - they smell like citrus in a lemon, and a light aroma of fresh herbs in a mandarin. Older plants are easy to distinguish by the petioles of the leaves - the lemon has a simple petiole, the mandarin has a narrow long lionfish.

Transplanting a mandarin at home seems like a daunting task for many. But you can’t do without it if you want to grow a full-fledged indoor tree. The mandarin is growing, and not only its crown is increasing, but also the root system. Therefore, from time to time it is necessary to transplant it without fail. Moreover, the flower pot should be picked up a little more than the one in which the tangerine grew before. Transplantation is an infrequently foreseen procedure. If a we are talking about young trees, it is carried out once a year. When the tangerine tree reaches the age of seven, it is recommended to move it to another pot and change the substrate at the same time no more than once every two years.

Pay special attention to the correct choice of the season and time suitable for land work. Experts recommend transplanting mandarin in early spring when the home tree had just moved away from wintering and had not yet fully awakened. This must be done before the start of the flowering period. In no case do not disturb a flowering plant, otherwise there will be little use from its transplant. Knowing when and how to properly perform this kind of anti-aging procedure, you can achieve high results.

How to choose a pot

Many flower growers are worried about how to choose a new pot for planting a tangerine correctly. However, there is nothing complicated here. If we are talking about young seedlings, which you may be growing from seed, you can use small cups about 7-9 cm deep as the first flower containers. It is not necessary to save.

Some flower growers plant young tangerine trees in miniature flower pots from the first days. Decide for yourself whether it is advisable to spend money on such containers. For those who want to save money, small cups are the right solution. But only for the first time. In the future, the size of the flower pot will constantly increase, as the root system of the tree grows actively. Do not forget that the pots must certainly have drainage holes, no matter if you use plastic cups or ceramic flowerpots.

Soil and substrate

Transplanting a homemade mandarin begins with the choice of a nutrient substrate. This moment is very important for any grower, and you should not save here. The first thing you need to pay attention to is that the tangerine tree prefers slightly acidic soils. Among the varieties of substrates, it is best to choose a ready-made soil mixture, which can be purchased at the store. But if you don’t want to spend money on a store substrate, you can prepare the ground for a mandarin transplant with your own hands.

To do this, mix the following ingredients:

• 1 part of humus;
• 1 part of leaf land;
• 3 parts of sod land;
• 1 part coarse sand;
• a small amount of clay.

You need to worry not only about the high quality of the soil, but also about the presence of drainage. To do this, lay a layer of broken brick or expanded clay on the bottom of the flowerpot. Fill the pot by 3-4 cm. When all the preparatory points are settled, you can begin to transplant the tangerine tree. Seedlings are mainly transplanted by the transshipment method. The main thing is to prevent damage to the root system.

Another important point: the root neck should remain at the same level above the ground as in the previous container. Immediately after transplanting, the soil must be moistened. Thus, the top layer of soil is compacted. Wait about 30-40 minutes and then add to flower pot some more land. Water the transplanted plant thoroughly again.

Caring for a transplanted tree

Features of growing a particular tangerine tree depend on the description of the key characteristics of its varieties. Agree, there are many varieties of this plant today; recently, breeders have bred a large number of hybrids. Nevertheless, there are also basic points for caring for a tangerine tree:

• regularly try to moisten the soil. It should not be allowed to dry out, but it is not worth watering the tangerine too much;
• spray the leaves and stems of the plant;
• lighting should be continuous. AT winter period some flower growers even organize the presence of backlighting. But in summer it is recommended to protect the mandarin from the midday sun;
• in order for the seedlings of a houseplant to gradually harden and get used to the fresh air, they must be taken out into the street for a while. But choose a site protected from the winds.

When the tangerine blooms, finally, try to keep the room temperature at 10-12 degrees. Do not moisten the plant often, the soil during the flowering of the tree should dry out a little between waterings.

Special attention should be paid to spraying the tangerine tree. This must be done very carefully, since moisture should not fall on the mandarin flowers. What else is recommended to take care of the grower? Home tangerine always turns towards the sun. Therefore, in order for the flower to absorb sunlight evenly, try to turn the flowerpot every few weeks. But do not get carried away with this activity: it is often impossible to disturb the tangerine tree, as this does not have a very beneficial effect on the plant.

Video “Growing a mandarin from a bone”

This video shows how to grow a tangerine from a seed at home.

myorchidea.ru

Homemade tangerine is a citrusy evergreen that can be a real decoration for your home. However, in order for the plant to bring joy, you need to know all the nuances of caring for a tangerine and the rules for transplanting it.
You will need:

• - sod land;
• - leaf land;
• - humus;
• - sand;
• - drainage;
• - a larger pot
• - warm water.

With proper care at home, a tangerine tree can grow up to one meter in height, bloom and even bear fruit. But in order to get such results, it is necessary to care for the plant, which requires an annual transplant at a young age. To transplant a tangerine, first of all, you need to make sure that the soil is suitable for a citrus plant.
In order to get the right soil, take half the volume of a pot of soddy soil, and make up the other half from equal proportions of leafy soil, humus and sand. Mix the soil.
Prepare a new pot for your homemade tangerine. It should be several centimeters larger than the previous one, but you should not transplant a small tangerine into a large pot, as its root system may rot. Be sure to put drainage at the bottom of the new pot, it is necessary so that the water does not stagnate in the pot. You can use small stones or expanded clay as drainage.
When everything is ready for the mandarin transplant, water the indoor mandarin warm water, the water should be 15-20oC. Give the plant time to soak in water, and after a few minutes carefully remove it from the old pot, making sure that the roots of the tangerine are not damaged. Never shake off the roots of the plant old earth, otherwise the tangerine may not take root in a new place.
Take a new pot, fill it with prepared soil and stand the plant upright, then cover it with the remaining soil.

pour tangerine with warm water and leave. This completes the transplant of the tangerine tree. In order for the plant to take root better in a new place, be sure to monitor the climate of the room. Tangerines do not like heat and sudden changes in temperature, but they need high humidity. Domestic tangerines up to four years old must be replanted every year, in the future, the plant requires a periodic transplant every 3-4 years. In no case do not transplant a tangerine tree during its flowering period, it is best to transplant a plant in early spring, when it begins to wake up after wintering.
2-3 days before the direct transplant, stop feeding the plant, and after you have already transplanted the tangerine, do not use fertilizer for another two weeks. Comments 1 LiliyaLiliya wrote Is it possible to transplant a tangerine now in November if the roots have come out of the drainage hole?

Source

1agronom.ru

Preparation process

By buying a tangerine or growing it from a stone in an apartment, you will make sure that this culture is not too spoiled. If a person decides to grow a citrus tree at home, he should understand the intricacies of plant care.

How to understand that it's time to transplant a tangerine tree:

• the plant is transplanted annually in the first 6 years;
• citrus at the age of 7 years should be moved to another pot every 2 years;
• manipulations are carried out at the beginning of spring: tangerine trees are transplanted in March, at this time the tree has not fully awakened after winter, the juice is slowly moving along its branches and roots;
• a plant that has begun to bloom is not transplanted, otherwise the citrus will weaken and drop buds;
• an adult tangerine should not be disturbed at the beginning of autumn, especially when fruits appear on it: in autumn, only young trees that are less than 3 years old can be transplanted.

In order not to create unnecessary stress for the tree, the grower must make sure that it is time to "relocate" the tangerine. After watering, you should make a small dig and feel the condition of the roots. After making sure that the root system of the plant is tightly wrapped around the soil, get ready to transplant the citrus.

If the roots are loose and you see that they are not crowded in the soil, it is undesirable to move the tree to another pot. To add nutrients to the southern plant, you can change the topsoil, and let the pot remain the same.

Selecting a new capacity

When choosing a new tangerine pot, you need to consider important nuances:

• the root system of citrus trees grows rapidly, so cramped flowerpots are not the best choice for these plants;
• pick up a miniature flowerpot for a plant that was in a plastic cup for the first year of its life;
• pots made of ceramics or plastic are suitable for a citrus tree;
• drainage holes must be in the pot;
• in long narrow containers, tangerine trees do not grow well, there is a risk of root rot;
• the new flowerpot should be 3 cm larger in diameter than the previous container.

If you are using a container in which another flower has recently grown to transplant a citrus tree, it is worth sterilizing the flowerpot. After the pot is thoroughly washed, it is doused with boiling water. So you protect the mandarin roots from bacteria.

Give up the idea of ​​​​planting a tangerine next to a tree of a different kind. The experience of flower growers has shown that tangerine trees feel uncomfortable next to flowering ones. perennials(geranium, clivia). In one flowerpot, 2 mandarin seedlings can develop well, and the trees must be of the same age.

Soil mix requirements

In order for indoor tangerines to develop well, they need a suitable substrate. The plant loves light slightly acidic soil.

When choosing soil for your homemade citrus, give up on the idea of ​​buying something cheap. High-quality mixtures are more expensive in stores than their "average" counterparts.

After opening the package, carefully inspect the soil mixture. The grower should be alerted by the smell of mold emanating from the soil. The second sign indicating the low quality of the material is the presence of large seeds and plant roots in the ground. It is highly undesirable to transplant a tangerine tree into such a dubious substrate.

If the grower does not trust store mixes, he can prepare the soil for planting on his own.

You should take one part of humus (cow dung), one part of coarse river sand and the same amount of leafy soil. The main component of the mixture is turf land. It will need 3 parts. All components are mixed, then clay is added to the substrate in a small amount.

Transplant Features

Having made the soil mixture, the grower prepares high-quality drainage for planting the plant. What material is suitable for this purpose:

• expanded clay;
• broken brick.

The flowerpot is filled with drainage material by 3 cm. Soil is laid on top of it. How is a mandarin transplant carried out:

• the tree is transplanted by the transshipment method; do not strongly destroy the earthen lump taken out of the old pot;


• attention is paid to the root system of the tree: when transplanting a tangerine into a new flowerpot, make sure that its roots do not twist or wrinkle;
• the plant should not be immersed too deep into the ground, because the tree may rot; after transplanting "events", make sure that the root collar of your homemade citrus has remained at the same level above the soil as in the previous flowerpot;
• the position of the tree in the pot should be vertical;
• moisten the soil after the procedure, the top layer of soil will immediately compact;
• half an hour after watering, add a little soil mixture to the pot, water the transplanted tangerine again.

Caring for transplanted tangerines

Mandarin, placed in a new pot, needs careful care. The necessary conditions to adapt a citrus crop in a new container are as follows:

• regular moderate watering: tangerine does not tolerate drought, in summer time the plant should be watered daily;
• normal soil moisture: it is undesirable to waterlog the soil under a citrus tree, this rule is especially true in the autumn months;
• tangerine trees are watered with settled water: cold liquid is not suitable for watering citrus plants, it must be heated to room temperature;
• the first month after transplantation is the most difficult for the plant, at this time, without special need, do not move the pot with a green pet to another place, protect the tangerine from drafts;
• constant spraying of the leaves and stems of the tree is necessary;
• prolonged lighting is necessary so that the plants do not get sick: in the winter months, lighting should be organized for the southern plant with fitolamps; the duration of daylight hours for citrus plants should be 8-10 hours;
• in the summer season, citrus seedlings should be protected from the midday sun;
• hardened tangerine trees will take root better: in spring and summer, flowerpots with plants are taken out into the street for several hours. If you live in an apartment high-rise building, you can take flowerpots with plants to the balcony. When hardening a tree, it is important not to allow the north wind to blow in its direction.

Other important nuances

There are cases when a recently transplanted tangerine slowed down growth, and the leaves on the tree began to turn yellow. This situation signals that the temperature regime did not suit the citrus or the grower waters the plant illiterately.

Having figured out how to transplant a tangerine tree, you should remember the important nuances of caring for it:

• it is recommended to keep a flowerpot with a plant on the windowsill of a southeast window; in the southwest, tangerines also feel comfortable;
• choose morning for watering homemade citrus: in the winter months, tangerines are watered no more than 3 times a week, if liquid accumulates in the pan, you should reduce the number of waterings;
• consider age: the older the tree, the more it needs to be fertilized with fertilizers, use combined mineral fertilizers and cow dung slurry; the procedure is carried out in June, nutrients should be added under the trunk of the tree after watering;
• do not overmoisten the soil: during the flowering of tangerine trees, excessive moisture can harm them, the ground under the citrus trees should dry out a little;
• keep the humidity level high in the room where the tangerine grows. Spray plants preferably three times a day. On hot summer days, flower growers place basins of water near tangerine trees. This measure protects the plant from drying out. Maintaining high humidity in the room is important not only in summer, but also in winter. If the indoor tangerine is located next to the heater, you should purchase a humidifier.

Citrus trees always turn towards the sun. In order for sunlight to evenly fall on the plant, flower growers turn flowerpots with trees every 3-4 weeks. This rule does not apply to plants that have recently been transplanted. The first 5 weeks after transplantation, it is better not to disturb the tree.

In order for the tangerine to grow and begin to bear fruit in an apartment, you should observe the correct temperature regime. During the summer months, the room temperature should not exceed 25°C. When the mandarin blossoms, it is desirable that the air temperature be 10–13 ° C.

Conclusion

Novice flower growers are often interested in how to transplant a tangerine tree at home. The procedure for moving a tree to a new container is quite simple. To prevent the transplanted plant from rotting and dropping leaves, you should pay attention to caring for it. In the first month after transplanting, the tree is very vulnerable to drafts. The humidity level in the room where citruses grow should be high at any time of the year.

seloved.ru

Mandarin is an evergreen plant that belongs to the Rutov family. The specific Latin name of the mandarin is Citrus reticulate. Like orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, it belongs to the genus Citrus. The life form of this plant is interesting - it can be a shrub and a tree, reaching a height of 5 meters.

Like other representatives of the genus Citrus, mandarin has long been grown in greenhouses, greenhouses, winter gardens. Despite its size, mandarin at home can be grown on a balcony or on a windowsill. Currently, breeders have bred many varieties of dwarf and undersized tangerines for home cultivation, the maximum height of which is 0.6-1.1 m. Indoor tangerine may not be a dwarf variety, then the plant needs to be severely cut and shaped.

Room tangerine is very effective potted plant. And not only because of the bright, fragrant and appetizing orange fruits that can be stored on it for several months. Sometimes the plant gives pleasure only by its flowering, because the delicate white flowers of the mandarin exude an amazing aroma. In some varieties, flowering begins in spring and may continue all year round. Indoor mandarin, grown in the form of bonsai, is a real work of art.

Fruit room tangerine tied without artificial pollination, usually ripen at the end of the year. Often, indoor tangerine in a pot is bought in a store with fruits already hanging on it. Despite the fact that they are very appetizing, they should not be eaten. Indeed, to achieve such a high decorative effect, plants receive high doses of fertilizers. Leathery and corrugated leaves are beautiful in mandarin.

Popular mandarin varieties for growing at home

Unshiu- Japanese variety, the most unpretentious, begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years, grows up to 0.8-1.5 m in room conditions. It branches well. It blooms profusely in spring, forms fruits in late October-November. Pear-shaped fruits do not have seeds.
Kowano-Wase, Miha-Wase, Miyagawa-Wase- dwarf tangerines of the Vasya group - suitable for growing on a windowsill, height 40-80 cm. Orange-yellow fruits ripen for the first time in the second year of cultivation, abundant flowering. Like all dwarf varieties, they do not need crown formation.
Shiva Mikan– early compact fast growing variety. Fruits are small, not more than 30 g
Murcot t - the fruits of this compact mandarin variety are very sweet, ripen in summer, taste very sweet, which is why the name of the variety is translated as "honey".
Clementine- a hybrid of mandarin and orange, bears fruit at home in the second year. One adult domestic tree per year produces up to 50 medium flattened orange-red fruits, very fragrant, with a shiny skin. Plants of this variety with numerous seeds are called monrealis.

Mandarin: home care

Tangerine lighting at home

The first step in successfully growing an indoor tangerine is choosing a location for the plant and lighting it properly.
Mandarin room, as well as grown in open ground, you need good lighting with some direct sunlight. In low light, the plant slows down growth, throws out a small number of flowers or does not bloom at all. With a strong lack of light, the leaves of indoor tangerine become faded, new shoots are elongated, thin and painful in appearance. Therefore, it is better to grow a plant on the eastern, southeastern and southern windows, shading from midday direct rays. In summer, the plant can be taken out to the balcony, gradually accustoming it to the street.
In winter, with a short daylight hours, indoor mandarin should be placed in the most lit place with direct sunlight. But sometimes this is not enough: you need artificial lighting. For this purpose, an ordinary fitolamp is suitable, which can be screwed into a chandelier or table lamp. It is necessary to transfer the plant to supplementary lighting gradually. With a sharp change in the length of daylight hours, it can shed its leaves.

Content temperature

Optimum temperature for indoor tangerine in the summer + 20-25 ° C. During the period of budding and flowering, so that the flowers do not fall off, it is better to keep the plant at a temperature slightly below + 20 ° C. In winter, to ensure a relative dormant period, tangerines are kept at + 5 -10 ° C. A plant that has rested over the winter will flower and bear fruit better.

How to water and spray tangerine at home

Indoor mandarin, like its wild ancestors, is adapted to endure dry periods. In a pinch, the plant will shed its leaves to reduce the amount of liquid that evaporates. Frequent problem when growing mandarin at home, this is excessive watering, which leads to the development of fungal diseases.
The amount of water for watering indoor mandarin depends on several factors:
- the size of the plant;
- the size of the container in which the tangerine grows;
— ambient temperature;
- the duration of daylight hours and the intensity of illumination.
The larger the surface of the leaves of an indoor tangerine, the stronger the evaporation, and the more it needs to be watered. The temperature also affects the rate of evaporation: the higher it is, the more the plant loses moisture. The length of daylight directly affects the amount of moisture that evaporates. Stomata - formations on the underside of terrestrial plants that serve for gas exchange, open during daylight hours.
Watering indoor tangerine should be carried out in the morning, when the plant has activated its vital processes. When the temperature drops, watering is reduced, up to stopping for several days during the period when the temperature in the room is only + 12-15 ° C. In this case, the tangerine is watered a small amount water, only to sustain life.
Mandarin at home needs regular spraying of the leaves. Strongly dry air has a bad effect on the plant and is often a prerequisite for its infection. spider mite. If indoor tangerine blooms, then you need to make sure that water does not fall on its flowers.

How to feed mandarin at home

A complete care for a mandarin at home is not possible without additional mineral and organic top dressing. The soil in a pot is quickly depleted and washed out during watering, and recreational processes practically do not occur in it, unlike the soil in nature.
For top dressing, you can use soluble or dry fertilizers. In the spring, with an increase in daylight hours, top dressing for indoor mandarin is increased. It is in the early spring period that vegetative and generative buds begin to develop intensively, at which time the plant requires additional nutrients.
At home, mandarin is fertilized, like everyone else. houseplants, that is, in the morning. The ambient temperature should be at least + 18-19 degrees.
Soluble fertilizers are often used for top dressing. They can water the plant, and in a weaker concentration spray its leaves. To feed an indoor tangerine, any complex mineral fertilizer containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, the main elements needed by plants, is suitable.
Dissolve fertilizers in soft or settled water at room temperature. The main thing is not to increase the dose. If the instructions say: 1 cap of the product per 1 liter of water, do not think that 2 caps will make the solution more useful. This will lead to the opposite effect - a chemical burn or toxic poisoning of the plant.
You need to feed mandarin at home during the period of intensive growth (from March to September) 2 times a week. Maybe less often, but not more often.
Dry fertilizers, which are applied to the soil and gradually dissolve, giving the soil trace elements, must be applied even more carefully. Their advantage is that by making them in the spring you can long time forget about feeding. However, they can be quickly used by the plant, and it will be difficult to guess about it. The introduction of an additional dose of fertilizer will lead to the above overdose.
Mandarin cultivation also requires organic fertilizers. To do this, you can dilute infused cow dung in a ratio of 1/10. The best option will use organic fertilizer in combination with mineral for soil top dressing.

Additional care for mandarin at home

To form a lush tangerine tree, pinch the tops of its branches.
Caring for a tangerine at home also consists in removing dried leaves or stretched twigs.
On the young flowering plants partially remove the flowers so as not to deplete them and allow several fruits to ripen. For 15-20 leaves of an adult plant, one ovary can be left. The fewer fruits left on the tangerine, the larger they will be.
The fruit-bearing branches of indoor mandarin are tied, tied to a support, otherwise they may break due to the severity of the fruit, and the plant will not have an attractive appearance.

CALAMONDIN: HOME CARE. WHY THE LEAVES FALL. REPRODUCTION AND CUTTING

KUMQUAT. GROWING IN HOME CONDITIONS

Diseases and pests

Mandarin at home can be affected by scale insects, red spider mites and mealybugs. Spraying the plant with a soapy solution will help from the scale insect (2 tbsp. L of liquid soap, you can "Fary", for 3 liters of water). It is better to pre-clean pests by hand. After keeping the solution on the leaves for half an hour, it is washed off with warm water. In case of damage by a spider mite, the pest is collected by hand, after the leaves and twigs are wiped with a cotton swab moistened with cold water or alcohol, then sprayed with a two-day infusion of garlic or onions (crush 200 g and pour warm boiled water). Against the mealybug, removing the pest with a cotton swab and 3 times spraying with infusion of garlic (1 time in 7 days), or rubbing with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol (can be replaced with calendula tincture) will also help. With persistent damage by any pest, potent chemicals are used, which are used according to the instructions.
With improper watering, mandarin leaves become stained and fall off. To prevent or eliminate the problem, follow the rules for watering citrus plants.

Mandarin transplant at home

Proper care of a mandarin at home involves a plant transplant. Usually, a transplant is carried out if the plant, in our case, indoor tangerine, is cramped in a pot. As a rule, young indoor tangerine plants are transplanted annually, plants older than 7 years - once every 2 years. For transplanting, use a special soil mixture for citrus fruits or make it yourself from soddy soil (50%) and leaf, humus and sand, taken in equal parts.
For transplanting indoor tangerine, choose a pot with diameters 5-8 cm larger than the previous one. You can not plant a small plant immediately in a large pot: this often leads to rotting of the roots. In addition, it is neither aesthetic nor practical.
Mandarin at home, as in nature, prefers a light substrate with low acidity. Drainage must be placed at the bottom of the transplant tank - this is the prevention of stagnant water and root rot. As a drainage, you can use: expanded clay, small stones, fragments ceramic dishes, pieces of foam.
Transplantation of indoor mandarin can not be carried out during the flowering of the plant. It is better to do this in the spring at the beginning of the awakening of the plant from a relative dormant period.
You can not feed the plant 2-3 days before transplanting, and also use fertilizers within 12-14 days after transplanting.
After transplanting, indoor tangerine is lightly watered so that the soil settles down. After 30-40 minutes, if necessary, a substrate is added to the pot and watered again.

Video: propagation of indoor tangerine by cuttings, rooting

Reproduction of indoor tangerine

Mandarin at home can be propagated in two ways:
- vegetative (rooting of twigs);
- generative (growing from the stone).
For rooting cuttings, it is better to use a rooter - the percentage of survival will be 3-4 times higher. To do this, cuttings with 2-3 leaves are dipped in a rooter and planted in moist soil, covered with a film or cut from above. plastic bottle Be sure to leave holes in them for ventilation. Cuttings take root within a few months.
Growing mandarin at home from the stone is the longest method of reproduction, especially since some varieties almost do not form seeds. In addition, indoor tangerine grown in this way will need to be grafted, otherwise it will not bloom. For rootstock better fit indoor lemon or grapefruit grown at home from a seed.
Since both methods of propagating indoor tangerine take too much time, more often amateur flower growers buy already grafted indoor tangerine in stores.

© "Site about plants" www.pro-rasteniya.ru Back to section

Photos used:
photo 1-room mandarin (http://www.directgardening.com)
photo 2 - Unshiu mandarin flowers (KENPEI http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Citrus_unshiu2.jpg?uselang=ru)
photo 3 - indoor tangerine (http://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/calamondins/growing-calamondin-trees.htm)
photo 4 - indoor tangerine grown as a bonsai (http://www.naszecytrusy.pl)

www.pro-rasteniya.ru

One of the most beautiful fruit trees suitable for growing at home is the ornamental mandarin. Despite the exclusivity and unusualness of the plant, it does not cause any particular difficulties in care. And gardeners will not have to rack their brains over the question of how to transplant a tangerine. Transplantation of this ornamental plant should be carried out annually until it reaches the age of four, and then once every three to four years. The new pot should be 2-3 centimeters larger than the previous one, but it is not recommended to use too large pots, because the soil can turn sour in them. When transplanting, do not cover the root neck with earth, this can lead to damage to the bark, infection and death of the tangerine tree. The soil should be light and nutritious, although universal soil for indoor flowering plants is also suitable, be sure to use drainage.

Very often, these plants are bought as a gift, and the happy owner involuntarily raises the question: how to care for a decorative mandarin? The process of caring for your favorite citrus tree begins with choosing the right location. Mandarin belongs to light-loving plants and with a lack of light, unscheduled leaf fall may begin, so in winter it will have to be highlighted, but in summer it should be protected from excessive overheating in the sun. The optimum temperature for citrus fruits is 18-20 degrees. It is recommended to water the tangerine tree abundantly in the warm season, but if it remains in a warm room in winter, watering should not be reduced. Especially important for plant growth is high humidity air, to maintain it, the tangerine will have to be constantly sprayed, wiped, and placed next to wet pebbles.

Subject to these simple rules of care, citrus will delight its owners with beautiful flowers. How does a tangerine bloom? It blooms abundantly, and is observed in early spring and continues with proper care all year round, the flowers are small white. The tangerine tree begins to bear fruit at the age of two years, and the fruits can remain on the trees for several months. Very often people ask how to plant a tangerine? Is it possible to grow it from an ordinary small bone? Decorative mandarin can be grown in two ways: from seeds or cuttings. In order to grow it from a stone, the stone will need to be soaked for a day in water, and then planted in a pot. But the plant will begin to bear fruit at best in 7-8 years, and the fruits will be small and bitter. It is much easier to put a grafted cutting in a greenhouse for a month and grow a real house tree.

And how do tangerines grow in natural conditions? The tangerine tree is a small evergreen plant no more than 4 meters in height. It bears fruit once a year from November to January, about 500 fruits can be harvested from one tree. This is the most hardy and frost-resistant plant of all citrus fruits. It is grown in China - a sweet orange variety of tangerine; in the Mediterranean - sweet fruits without seeds of the clementine variety; in Japan - the frost-resistant Ushimu variety. Even though mandarin is southern fruit tree, not adapted to the cold weather of Russia, with proper care, everyone can become the happy owners of personal orange happiness in the form of a decorative homemade tangerine.

There is no way to remove the element. There is no such button here and you cannot leave it empty. Delete please.

www.uznay-kak.ru

When is a mandarin transplant needed?

A tangerine tree is transplanted in the spring, when the plant wakes up after winter and all its processes are activated. Since this plant develops very quickly, it is recommended to replant a young tree once a year, while the new pot should be 2–3 cm larger than the previous one. And at the age of seven, when the flower is already considered an adult, a mandarin transplant is carried out every three years.

First, make sure that a transplant is necessary, for this, make a small dig and feel the condition of the roots. If the root system is tightly wrapped around the soil, then replant, and if the roots are loose, it would be better to change the topsoil and leave the pot the same. Do not forget that there will be no point in transplanting if the plant is blooming at this moment. It is better not to touch the tangerine tree at all in the flowering phase. Therefore, knowing how to properly and when to transplant a mandarin at home, you will achieve the most positive results.

Choosing a transplant pot

There is no reason to worry about choosing a new pot for planting a citrus tree. If your plant is on preparatory stage to cultivation, then a simple plastic cup may be suitable for him. But if you want an exquisite pot for the future plant, then any other miniature container up to 10 cm deep will do. But do not forget that the root system grows very quickly, and soon you will need another glass or flowerpot for proper transplanting indoor tree.

Required soil and substrate

Proper transplanting of a homemade tangerine tree begins with choosing the right substrate. This is one of the main points and it is not worth saving on it. It is better to purchase ready-made soil in a specialized store, pay attention that it is slightly acidic, without other impurities. The earth should be very airy and nutritious, retain moisture well and pass air. If you do not trust universal soils or just have a desire to prepare the substrate yourself, then the opportunity to prepare the right mixture always exists. For tangerine trees, the following components are suitable:

• turf and leaf soil in the same proportions;
• coarse river sand, which must be disinfected before use;
• humus;
• clay in very small quantities.

When transplanting a plant, do not forget about the need for drainage. At the bottom of the flowerpot, 3-5 centimeters thick, drainage is lined, expanded clay and small pebbles are ideal. The indoor tangerine will really like large stones at the bottom, which perfectly pass air and do not allow stagnant water. One little secret: the neck of an indoor tangerine tree, after you have transplanted it, should remain at the same level above the ground as in another pot.

After completing the process, immediately water the soil, it will settle a little, then add a little more soil and water the last time.

Rules for caring for a transplanted tree

One of the basic rules is that indoor tangerines need light! And the more it is, the better: the tree is gaining health and energy, and the fruits - juice. Place it in the house near the windows, and if it is the south side, then it is still desirable that the glass is covered by blinds or any other diffusing device. It will be bad for the leaves if they are in direct sunlight. In the warm season, you can put homemade tangerine flowers outdoors: balconies, loggias, orchards, but follow the rules of sun protection.

In winter, it is a little troublesome with this plant, since the daylight hours for it should last at least eight hours. It will be necessary to highlight with phytolamps, otherwise the tree may get sick, and in rare cases die altogether. Therefore, this item must be taken with great responsibility.

As for the air temperature, optimal value it will be 20-25 degrees, if this figure decreases, then do not wait for the fruits, they will ripen, but inside they will be hollow. In winter, it is recommended to remove the plant to a cool room - this is necessary so that it can rest before the important and active phase of flowering in the spring. Having gained a lot of strength, indoor citruses give much more fruits, and they are also juicier and sweeter.

Humidity should be high, so three times a day it is worth spraying the flower with clean water. In a hot period, it would be better to place a bucket or basin of water near the pot to prevent the air around the tangerine from drying out. In winter, it will generally be ideal to use a humidifier, especially if the flower is located next to heating appliances. And do not forget to ventilate the room: fresh air has a beneficial effect on development, but do not allow drafts to appear - the indoor tangerine does not tolerate this, like any other house plant.

After you transplant a tree, be sure to water it, and then monitor the condition of the soil. It should always be kept moist, but not wet, to prevent rotting. Most often it turns out that in summer watering is done once a day, and in winter approximately 2-3 times a week. Pay attention to the pan - if water accumulates in it, then reduce the number of waterings.

Use purified and settled water for irrigation, tap water contains a lot of salts and impurities that linger in the soil and have a bad effect on appearance plants. When watering, try not to get on the trunk and leaves. Morning is considered the most successful time, since the tree, like all living things, wakes up, and the water starts everything metabolic processes in the body.

grow-me.com

Where can I get indoor tangerine?

The simplest solution to the issue is to buy a seedling in a flower shop. Among the many tangerines presented, you can choose the one that best suits the conditions of a particular apartment and the requirements of the grower. You can buy dwarf varieties for growing on the windowsill, and large bushes for the winter garden, and variegated ornamental plants.

The size of fruits, their color and taste can also vary significantly. So, in the mandarin Keraji, numerous flattened fruits are small in size, when ripe they acquire yellow and have a pleasant taste with a hint of honey. The Pavlovsky variety will please the owner not only with large, rounded orange tangerines, but also with remontant properties: it bears fruit throughout the year.

Domestic variety Kartuli-Saadreo is considered dwarf. These bushes can be completely grown in a small city apartment. Numerous fruits ripen together, have a very pleasant taste, juicy sweet and sour pulp.

There are many other varieties that can be purchased at retail outlets. A tangerine tree from a store usually begins to bear fruit the very next year after purchase. These are grafted bushes, the care of which requires only timely transplantation, top dressing and watering. An inexperienced grower can also contain such a plant.

You can grow a decorative mandarin in a pot yourself. To do this, it is enough to sow seeds from ripe fruits, which many people buy for the New Year holidays. The disadvantage of this method is that indoor tangerine can bloom only 3-4 years after sowing. Some seedlings do not begin to bear fruit even after 10-12 years.

Soil for planting mandarin

When compiling a substrate for sowing or transplanting a mandarin, its age must be taken into account. A young plant needs a slightly different soil composition than what is suitable for an adult, fruiting tree. The best option may be purchased soil for roses or biohumus. These nutrient mixtures are quite permeable and fertile.

You can make a soil mixture to plant a tangerine tree in it yourself. For sowing seeds and young seedlings in the first 3 years of life, you need to take the following components:

• leafy earth - 1 part;
• soddy soil - 2 parts;
• fine river sand - 1 part;
• compost or humus - 1 part.

The resulting mixture must be poured into containers on a drainage layer of crushed stone or broken brick. Light soil allows the young plant to actively develop the root system. But for an older tree, a different soil composition will be required:

• leaf ground - 1 part;
• soddy soil - 3 parts;
• sand or ASG - 1 part;
• humus - 1 part;
• oily clay - 0.5 parts.

Such a composition involves obtaining a denser soil in which moisture is retained longer. This allows the plant to more fully utilize the nutrients needed to form buds and fruits.

Tangerines on the windowsill (video)

When to transplant tangerine?

It is important to remember that a growing tree up to 4 years of age needs frequent transplants. Planting a small seedling immediately into a large container is not very convenient, but the active growth of the root system does not allow keeping the plant in a small pot. You need to transplant indoor tangerine when the roots fill all the space inside the container. At the same time, the earth lump looks braided with a web of thin white threads - the roots of the plant.

When transplanting, you need to take a pot with a diameter of 10-15 cm larger than the one in which the tree grew before. Place 5-7 cm of drainage from crushed stone at the bottom, fill it with approximately the same layer of soil mixture for a young plant. Carefully remove the tangerine tree from the container, put in a new container. The top level of the soil should remain at the same depth (2 cm below the edges of the pot). If necessary, the soil must be poured to the bottom of the new container, lifting the earthen clod. The tree trunk cannot be covered with new earth.

Having established an earthen ball with roots at the right level in the center of the container, fill the gap between it and the walls of the container with soil mixture. This should not leave any voids. The soil can be lightly crushed with your fingers, evenly filling all the free space. Pour the transplanted tangerine with warm, settled water.

Depending on the rate of growth, the next transshipment will take several months. It is important to correctly determine its need so that the plant does not have to starve. When the root system develops the entire volume of soil in the pot, new shoots also stop actively growing. Stopping mandarin growth may indicate the need for a transplant. In the warm season, the seedling usually begins to intensively increase its green mass. In the period from November to February, transplantation can be omitted, since indoor mandarin is at rest even in a warm room.

An adult mandarin needs a container with a capacity of about 50 liters for successful flowering and fruit formation. The tree will be able to fully master this volume of soil in about 3 years. After that, it needs to be transplanted into a larger pot or tub.

Other care requirements

Success in obtaining fruits from it, and even their taste, depends on how to care for a tangerine tree. The main rule is to provide the plant with enough light, otherwise the fruits will turn out small and sour or bitter. A light-loving tangerine tree is best placed near the south window. Eastern or western window sills are also suitable. If in the summer the plant is taken out to the balcony, then it is necessary to foresee the possibility of shading it in the hottest daytime hours.

It is very difficult to maintain the necessary soil moisture in the heat in a small container: the mandarin at home will have to be watered daily, and sometimes several times a day. It is necessary to focus on the drying of the top layer of soil more than 2 cm in depth. Constant humidity is especially relevant for a flowering or ovary-forming bush. Mandarin flowers can fall off even with a slight overdrying of the plant. A lot of moisture is needed to pour the fruits, otherwise they will turn out dry and bitter.

Water consumption can only be reduced by spraying or increasing air humidity. Evaporation of water by leaves is significantly reduced if the air around the tree is saturated with moisture. But in the summer it is very difficult to maintain the required level of water vapor outdoors. This is achievable only in greenhouse conditions. Therefore, it is recommended to spray the tree 2-3 times a day.

A large fruiting plant in a small container consumes nutrients very quickly. During the growing season, during flowering and the formation of ovaries, caring for tangerine trees includes fertilizing. Citrus fruits need to be fed every 2-3 weeks, during the next watering. For top dressing, it is better to use ready-made mixtures designed specifically for citrus fruits. A large selection of these funds is in flower shops. If unable to buy special fertilizer you can use complex fertilizers diluted according to the instructions (nitroammophoska, Kemira-plus, etc.).

Reproduction of indoor tangerines

Citrus producers have long bred varieties of tangerines in which there are practically no seeds. This happened due to the fact that the flowers of the plant are capable of self-pollination. But if you are lucky enough to find a seed in the fruits bought on the market, then the indoor tangerine grown from it will repeat all the maternal qualities. The only difficulty will be to determine the type of plant.

With a high degree of probability, one can judge this by the country where the fruits were brought from. European, Turkish and American tangerines (tangerines, mineolls, clementines) are heat-loving plants. Chinese varieties (Changshi, Keraji, etc.) and Caucasian varieties are cold-resistant. Knowing the difference between them is necessary in order to get a fruit-bearing seedling under room conditions, otherwise even the most careful care of the tangerine will be ineffective.

Depending on the variety, indoor tangerines will need different conditions wintering:

1. Cold-resistant Chinese varieties require a dormant period. The temperature in the room where the plant will rest should not rise above + 5 ° C. The rest period should last from the end of November to the end of February. After that, you can gradually begin to increase the temperature, bringing it to +25 ° C by the beginning of April. Without such preparation mature plant will not bloom. A dormant period is also necessary for young trees, but in this case, you can not monitor the temperature so carefully. Plants up to 3 years of age can overwinter on the windowsill at a temperature of about +10°C. Watering in winter should be limited to 1-2 times a week, but do not allow the earthen clod to dry out.
2. European and American tangerines hibernate at temperatures not lower than +20°C. In early March, daylight hours should be increased to 10 hours with fluorescent lighting.

Another way to propagate mandarins is by grafting. This operation helps to obtain varieties designed specifically for indoor citrus growing, or to purchase a tree that you like (from friends, relatives, in the office, etc.). Propagation by cuttings is not used, since the cambium of tangerines is not capable of forming roots.

We grow tangerines at home (video)

How to plant a mandarin?

A 1-2 year old seedling of a lemon or orange is suitable for grafting. A pomelo is also considered a good stock. By the time of grafting, the tree should have a trunk as thick as an ordinary pencil, i.e., about 0.7 cm in diameter.

A green shoot for a scion can be asked from the owners of the plant that you want to propagate. If you managed to buy fruits with twigs on the market, then even they will do. It is important that the kidneys are not frozen and dry. You can check the suitability of such material by wrapping the cuttings in a damp cloth and polyethylene and leaving it in the refrigerator for 7-10 days. Live branches will remain green. They can also be used for vaccination. Blackened and moldy cuttings can be thrown away, they will not be useful.

Grafting method in a split

You will need a well-developed small branch with buds and leaves, taken from a cultivated, fruit-bearing tree. Its thickness should match the stem diameter of the rootstock-seedling. In this case, the vaccination is done like this:

1. Cut off the stem of the seedling at a height of 10-15 cm from the soil, where its thickness ideally matches the size of the cultivated shoot.
2. Make a cut, that is, split the cut trunk vertically to a depth of 2-2.5 cm.
3. With a sharp knife, remove some of the wood from the bottom of the grafted branch. The handle should take the form of a double-sided wedge 2-2.5 cm long.
4. Insert the wedge-shaped part into the cut, combining as carefully as possible the layers of bark and cambium on the rootstock and scion.
5. Wrap the injection site with polyethylene tape. You need to wrap it very tightly, pressing the grafted branch to the stem of the seedling.

It is very convenient to use FUM plumbing tape as a strapping. It does not allow moisture to pass through, which is very important for the successful fusion of the parts of the graft. The tape on the reel can be considered a sterile material, it is convenient to wind and pull it for more tight connection parts. During wrapping, you only need to ensure that the grafted branch does not move from its place.

How to do budding?

If the indoor tangerine is already large, and the shoot for the scion was very thin, then it is better to bud. For her, you also need to prepare a sharp knife and tape for winding. With this method, several seedlings can be grafted at once to increase the chances of obtaining a quality result. Oculation is carried out in the following order:

• remove the leaves from the scion shoot, leaving only the petioles;
• make a T-shaped incision on the bark of the rootstock at a height of about 10 cm from the soil;
• bend the corners of the bark with the tip of a knife;
• cut off a well-developed bud with a thin shield of bark and wood from a cutting (scion), holding it by the leaf petiole;
• insert the shield under the rootstock bark, between the bent corners;
• tightly bandage the budding with FUM tape, without covering the bud itself and without removing the petiole of the leaf.

The rest of the leaf serves as a kind of indicator that the vaccine has taken root. If it turns yellow and falls off, then the operation can be considered successful. On unsuccessful budding, the petiole will simply dry out.

The grafted plant in both described cases shows signs of growth after about 3-4 weeks. When this happens, the wrapping tape can be carefully removed so that it does not interfere with the flow of juice.

When grafting by budding, the seedling must be cut a few centimeters above the established bud. Soon it will start to grow, and the rest of the trunk will dry out. It can be gently removed down to living tissue.

Home care for grafted plants, in addition to the standard procedures for watering, fertilizing, etc., should include careful removal of shoots that will appear below the grafting site. It is the dormant buds that sprout on the stem of the seedling. They do not have the qualities that a citrus grower needs, most likely they will not bear fruit, but they take nutrients from the shoot, which develops from a grafted cutting or bud.

Growing indoor citrus fruits is an exciting experience. It is not difficult to take care of indoor tangerine, while ornamental trees not only bear fragrant fruits, but also excellently purify the air of carbon dioxide, phenol and formaldehyde fumes. Phytoncides and essential oils dramatically reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in the air. Numerous white flowers have a pleasant smell, and a fruit-bearing tree is considered a symbol of prosperity and well-being.

soil for lemon Soil for mandarin at home

general information

Of all the types of citrus plants grown indoors, only the indoor tangerine is second to the lemon tree in terms of prevalence and popularity. According to the assumption of botanists, its homeland is China or Japan. The name "tangerine" was given to this plant by the Chinese, since for many centuries it was grown only in the gardens of rich dignitaries of feudal China - tangerines. Exported from China, tangerine trees appeared in Europe only in the 19th century. The Italian Michel Tecor brought mandarin trees to Italy in 1840, and this citrus plant quickly spread throughout the Mediterranean. Probably, such popularity was due to the fact that tangerine trees are early-growing and very productive, and the fruits are sweet and without seeds. Mandarin comes to Ukraine from Japan at the beginning of the 20th century, during a mass dacha construction in the subtropical zone of the Black Sea coast. Here it has become the most common citrus plant. Regardless of the variety, summer gardeners gave tangerine trees a common name - forged. Mandarin trees are relatively stunted, on plantations they reach a height of 2-3 meters. The branches of the tangerine tree are mostly drooping. The leaves are dense, dark green, with small wings on the petioles. White fragrant flowers are collected in brushes. Mandarin fruits are spherical, flattened, 4-6 cm in diameter and weighing from 30 to 100 g. The peel of the fruit is thin, orange, easily separated from the pulp. In the so-called "chubby" tangerines, it almost does not touch the pulp, because it is separated from it by an air layer. The pulp is sweet, juicy, yellow-orange, easily divided into slices. The fruit of the tangerine tree contains a lot of sugar, organic acids, vitamins C and B1. Seeds in mandarin fruits are rarely formed. In an apartment, a mandarin grows and develops with a limited amount of light and fresh air, so it is of paramount importance right choice varieties of mandarin, the most suitable for room conditions. These requirements are met by early ripe tangerine trees of Japanese origin, which are characterized by low growth and unpretentiousness. The most common is the indoor tangerine variety Unshiu (meaning "Seedless"). This is a low (not higher than 1.5 m) tangerine tree with a spreading crown; without spines on branches; with broad, leathery, dark green leaves. The tangerine tree usually blooms once a year in spring, very abundantly. Tangerine flowers are small, white, exuding a pleasant aroma. The tangerine tree begins to bear fruit from the age of 3. At home, a well-groomed adult tangerine tree produces an average of 40-50 fruits per year.

Dwarf tangerines of the Vasya group.

These varieties of tangerine tree are stunted and decorative. These include indoor varieties of tangerines: Kowano-Wase, Miha-Wase, Miyagawa-Wase. The height of adult tangerine trees does not exceed 50-80 cm, so it is very convenient to keep them on the windowsill. Indoor mandarin does not need to form a crown, only sometimes it is necessary to remove dried and improperly growing branches. Dwarf tangerines begin to bear fruit already in the second year of life. The fruits of the tangerine tree are not inferior in size and taste to the fruits of the Unshiu variety.

Landing (transfer)

For this purpose, take a pot of any material, the main thing is that the upper diameter should not exceed 10-15 cm, the height is approximately the same. The bottom of the pot should have one or more small holes for drainage. excess water when watering. At the bottom of the pot, and this can be a plastic bucket, a wooden, ceramic, glass container, place expanded clay as drainage, or sand, and best of all, charcoal, which can be taken from an extinct fire in the forest, in a city park. The thickness of the drainage should not exceed 3-5 cm. Then sprinkle the drainage a little with soil. To transplant a tangerine tree seedling, a specially prepared soil of the "Mandarin" type is required, it is presented on our website in the section "Soils and fertilizers for indoor plants" - "Soils for indoor plants". Or prepare the soil yourself: the land for transplantation must be taken in a forest or in a park, under old deciduous trees, except for oak, chestnut and poplar. It is necessary to take only the upper, most fertile layer of soil, 5-10 cm thick. Add sand to this land, preferably river sand, a little ash, and more humus, if available. The proportion is as follows: two glasses hardwood, a glass of sand, three tablespoons of humus and one tablespoon of ash. Stir all this in any bowl, add a little water to get a thick creamy mass that will fill the entire volume of the pot well, leaving no air voids near the roots of the tangerine tree. Six months later, the tangerine tree must be transplanted into a pot larger by 5 cm in diameter. Spray the planted indoor tangerine and water it with a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), and then place it on a window sill, bay window or balcony prepared in advance so that the surface of the leaves is directed towards the light.

reproduction

Indoor mandarin is propagated by grafting on seedlings of lemon, orange, grown from seeds of indoor varieties and by air layering. Indoor mandarin practically does not lend itself to cuttings in amateur conditions.

Lighting

Keep a tangerine tree should be on the southern sunny window. In summer, indoor mandarin is recommended to be taken out into the open air - to the garden, to the veranda, balcony, placing it in a place protected from the wind. If the indoor tangerine is on the south window, then in the summer it is advisable to darken it a little from direct sunlight so that there are no burns on the leaves of the tangerine and chlorosis does not appear from overheating of the entire crown and roots. To do this, on the window frame itself, at the height of a tangerine tree, they make a gauze curtain and in the morning, before leaving the house, they cover the glass with it if the day promises to be sunny.

Air temperature

If a pot with indoor tangerine will stand on the windowsill, then the window should be well insulated for the winter, and the pot itself should be insulated in winter and summer. Favorable temperature for budding and flowering of mandarin is +16 +18 ° С, air humidity is not less than 60%, but do not be afraid high temperature, the tangerine tree withstands and bears fruit even up to +40°C.

Watering

Indoor tangerine should be watered as the topsoil dries, preventing the clod of earth in the pot from completely drying out. To determine soil moisture, do not be too lazy to take a little surface layer of soil with three fingers daily and squeeze it. If the earth sticks together, then it is not necessary to water, if it crumbles under the fingers, then it is time to water. It is necessary to monitor the condition of the soil daily (especially in summer) so that the entire earthen lump in the pot does not dry out from the high temperature and bright sun. The question of where to get water for irrigation and what it should be is also very difficult and therefore we will dwell on it in detail. In a city apartment, drinking water is practically unsuitable for irrigating citrus fruits, since it contains a large amount of compounds of alkaline earth metals and chlorine, which together and individually cause great harm to mandarins, causing leaf spot (chlorosis), alkalization of the soil, disrupt metabolic processes. Many authors recommend boiling tap water, but this does not always immediately lead to the desired result, unnecessary efforts often scare away potential lovers of window fruit growing, so I recommend taking hot tap water. Such water contains less chlorine and is softer. In addition, water for irrigation must be defended for at least a day in an open vessel to completely remove chlorine, which is extremely detrimental to citrus fruits. In a private house, water can be taken from a well, but it is better from a lake or stream and left in a room for heating. Rainwater now contains a lot harmful impurities, so do not collect it for watering. In any case, wherever water is taken, it must be left for at least a day in an open vessel at room temperature and only then water the tangerine. In winter, in order to achieve better growth and fruiting of mandarin, it is advisable to heat the water before watering to a temperature of +30 +35 ° C. In the summer, you can put water on a sunny window and not bother heating it.

spraying

It must be well remembered that, in addition to watering, indoor tangerine, at least once a day, especially in summer, should be sprayed with water from a spray bottle or in any other way to create moisture, to wash off dust from the branches, so that the leaves “breathe”. At least once a month, it is advisable to put a tangerine tree in a bath, cover the ground in a pot with plastic wrap and treat the entire crown with cotton wool and soap suds. Then you don't have to deal with heavy pest control. At the same time, do not forget to tie the stem of the tangerine tree below with gauze or a bandage so that the soapy water is absorbed into the fabric and does not enter the soil.

Fertilizer

In winter, indoor tangerine is not fed, in spring and summer - once every two weeks. Any top dressing should be done only the next day after watering, i.e. when the soil in the pot is damp, otherwise you can burn the roots. Pour the fertilizer under the plant until the solution starts to flow out of the drainage holes. To feed a tangerine tree seedling, you need Mandarin type fertilizer, it is presented on our website in the section "Soils and fertilizers for indoor plants" - "Fertilizers for indoor plants". Feeding adult plants with a fish ear, at least one meter high, once a month enhances their fruiting. They do it this way: 200 grams of fish waste or small unsalted fish are boiled in two liters of water for half an hour. Then dilute the solution with cold water and filter through cheesecloth. This fertilizer must be used together with the Mandarin fertilizer mentioned above.

Pests

Enemies for indoor mandarin are sucking and gnawing pests, as well as fungi and viruses. The most common pests are: spider mites, scale insects (false shields). The fight against them is carried out by chemical and biological preparations, which are more acceptable in the open soil conditions of the subtropics and greenhouses. For an apartment, it is desirable not to use pesticides. The signs of a spider mite damage are as follows: white dots appear on the underside of old mandarin leaves, and the reddish mite itself is visible to the naked eye. If you touch it, it starts to move quickly. Young leaves curl into a "boat" and are entangled in a white cobweb. To combat the tick, tobacco dust, garlic, laundry soap are used. Take 1 tablespoon of tobacco dust and pour a glass of boiling water, insist for 6 days. To the resulting infusion add 10 grams of laundry soap and spray the plant 3 times with an interval of 6 days. Garlic is used as follows: one head of garlic is kneaded, poured into a glass hot water and insist for 2 days. The solution is filtered and spraying is carried out in the same way as above. When affected by a scab, brown-gray shiny rounded formations, 3-5 mm in diameter, are visible on the surface of young and old leaves. They are located along the veins on the top and bottom of the leaf, as well as on the branches themselves. In the initial stage, these growths are almost transparent, whitish in color and poorly visible. With a strong lesion, sticky gum appears on the surface of old leaves, and in the late stage they are covered with a black sticky coating, which is very poorly washed off with water. From scale insects, water-oil emulsions effectively help. Stir one teaspoon of machine oil in one glass of warm water, add 40 grams of laundry soap, 2 tablespoons washing powder. Before processing, the soil in the pot is covered with plastic wrap, the stem is tied at the bottom with a bandage. This is done in order to prevent the emulsion from entering the soil. Processing is done with a cotton or gauze swab. A water-oil emulsion is applied to all surfaces of tangerine branches and leaves. After 3-4 hours, wash everything off under the shower, making sure that the emulsion does not get into the soil. Processing is carried out 3 times with an interval of 6 days.

Kirill Sysoev

Calloused hands do not know boredom!

Content

Indoor tangerine among the abundance of plants, according to many florists, occupies a special place. ornamental bush pleases with a cheerful and bright color of fruits and leaves. The leaves are leathery and wide. It is believed that a light and delicate aroma can help get rid of headaches, relieve anxiety, irritation, give a feeling of cheerfulness and improve mood. How to grow a tangerine tree related to citrus plants, find out more.

How to grow mandarin at home

If you are going to grow a tangerine tree at home, check out two ways to solve this problem. On farms, citrus fruit trees are obtained by grafting. If you want to enjoy juicy tangerines, you can perform this procedure yourself. At home, you can prepare seeds and grow a tangerine tree from them, remembering to follow all the rules of care. by the most in a simple way is the purchase of a ready-made seedling.

Buying a ready seedling

Deciding to grow homemade tangerine at home, buy a ready-made seedling in a specialized online store of horticultural crops or a fruit nursery. Often sell plants that have a closed root system, ie. immediately in an earthy coma or pot, packed in a bag. In the first case, a mandatory transplant into a container will be required. If you are looking for a more economical option, then it is best to use the second method, i.e. growing a citrus tree from the seed of a ripe fruit.

Growing mandarin from the stone

This way of growing an ornamental citrus tree at home can bring some moral pleasure. Although, it will take an order of magnitude longer than buying and transplanting a finished seedling. For sprouting, you will need to select a few seeds from juicy, sweet and ripe fruits to increase your chances of success. Soak selected seeds in warm water. To do this, place them between 2-3 layers of gauze and put on a saucer.

As the gauze dries, be sure to keep it moist for several days until the pits swell. If you do not have the opportunity to wait for several days, then try soaking ordinary seeds in water for 2-3 hours, adding a few drops of Epin, which is a growth stimulant, to it. As soon as the first sprouts hatch, you can plant the bush in the ground. In general, any novice florist can competently prepare the seeds of this exotic plant.

Land for the tangerine tree

Prepare a pot or a regular seedling box, and fill it with a layer of soil to transplant the hatched seeds into it. Despite the fact that indoor tangerine is unpretentious in relation to the ground, experts still strongly recommend taking this moment seriously. It is best to use a mixture consisting of:

• 1 part leafy earth;
• 3 parts soddy soil;
• 1 part rotted cow dung;
• clay;
• sand.

How to plant a tangerine in a pot

To grow an ornamental mandarin, do not use peat, which often turns sour, dries quickly and does not have special nutritional properties. This component is available in almost all those mixtures that can be bought in specialized stores. Don't forget the drainage layer. Put expanded clay or small ordinary pebbles on the bottom of a dry container, then fill the pot with the composition of the above components. Then place the swollen bones in the ground to a depth of 5-7 cm. The pot with planted seeds should be placed in a well-lit place.

soil drainage

To form a lush and bright bush, you will need to pay attention to the drainage of the container in which it will grow. As already mentioned, put crushed stone, small expanded clay pebbles on the bottom of the pot, but if you don’t have any of the above at hand, then use fragments of ceramic dishes. Before planting a tangerine and laying the soil, be sure to thoroughly flush the drainage. In general, it is necessary so that excess liquid from the soil is discharged into the sump. Thanks to this, effective prevention fluid stagnation and root rot.

Where to place a flower pot with an escape

Caring for a mandarin at home requires a competent approach, of particular importance is the location of the tree, which will delight you with its beautiful leaves and flowers. The period of the beginning of flowering and growth activity will depend on the conditions created. A houseplant needs bright and good lighting. When daylight hours get shorter, add artificial light. Do not make a sudden transition, as the plant may shed its young leaves.

How to care for a tangerine tree

An actively growing and beautiful tangerine tree is the result of a systematic and proper care. For an indoor ornamental plant, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions with a certain temperature and humidity level. We should not forget about the peculiarities of watering, as well. in a difficult situation, the bush can shed its foliage to reduce the amount of moisture evaporated from the surface. When the branches begin to bear fruit, they need to be tied to a support. We should not forget about possible pests and diseases.

Air temperature and humidity

The best temperature regime for a tangerine seedling is a temperature of + 15-18 degrees in the warm season and +12 degrees in the winter. In hotter weather, the plant begins to bear fruit and bloom worse - buds and ovaries are weakly formed at this time. At the same time, it is important to avoid sudden changes in temperature, but in order for the plant to become stronger, it must be hardened, i.e. help him adapt to changes in lighting and temperature conditions. To do this, in the spring during the day, briefly take the plant to a closed veranda or balcony.

Very important for mandarin and humidity. On hot, dry days and in winter, when the heating dries out the air in the room, it is often necessary to spray the ornamental plant - sometimes up to three times a day. You can put a bowl of water on the windowsill or some other humidifier, for example, an imitation of a fountain or waterfall. When the bush begins to bloom, spray carefully to avoid getting moisture on the flowers and buds. It is better to replace this procedure with regular rubbing of the leaves.

illumination

Without enough light, a decorative indoor tangerine will not grow large. The easiest way is to put a container with a plant on the windowsill of the southern part of the house, but this is fraught with leaf burns. A more acceptable option is the side of the east or southeast windows. If the south side turns out to be the only possible choice, then in spring and summer you will have to shade the plant. In winter, the south window will become the best place for a seedling. When shortening daylight hours, add artificial lighting using special fitolamps.

How to water indoor tangerine

The tree needs regular and frequent watering. In hot weather, water 2-3 times a day. In the winter period of the year, while maintaining good moisture, 2-time watering per week will be sufficient. It is better to pour water for this procedure into a container, for example, into a bottle, so that it has time to settle and warm up to room temperature.

With a short-term lack of moisture, the tangerine tree will not die, but at the same time it can throw off part of the leaves or all of the foliage. On "bald" places, fresh greenery will no longer appear, so try to avoid unexpected leaf fall. Leaves will only appear on new branches. The frequent transfusion of the plant with water will not do any good, either. this will lead to the appearance of fungal diseases.

How to feed a tangerine tree at home

The entire growing season, i.e. from April to September, the tree needs top dressing. Every week it must be fertilized with organic or mineral fertilizers, which can be alternated. This is especially necessary for mature trees growing in cramped containers, and without transplants and soil renewal. In one week, the plant can be watered with a solution of liquid mullein, and after a week, it can be treated with a garden complex fertilizer specially designed for citrus trees. Water the soil before fertilizing.

Mineral mixtures based on phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen

In a specialized garden store, you can buy a ready-made composition for citrus fruits. Make sure that the solution includes minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen. Feeding is recommended in the morning. The temperature of the solution should not be less than +20 degrees. Follow the recommended nutrient solution recipe exactly. Here the rule applies - it is better not to add than to overfill. Excessive concentration, excess fertilizer can lead to a burn of the stem or leaves, and even to the death of the plant.

organic fertilizers

A tangerine tree can be fed with both mineral and organic fertilizers, and it is best to alternate them. For the preparation of natural nutritional composition you will need cow dung or bird droppings. Dilute part of the dry component in 10-12 parts of water, infuse the resulting composition for 2 to 4 days, then apply in small portions. Be sure to moisten the soil before doing this.

Rules for caring for homemade mandarin

In order for your tangerine tree to be as bright and pleasing to the eye as in the photo of one of the gardening magazines, attach special importance to caring for it. Many of the rules listed above for a plant seedling apply to a grown tree. In addition, it is necessary to carry out periodic pruning of branches and pinching the tops of the shoots. In addition, remove all dried twigs, leaves and shoots stretched down from the tree. Such measures will help form a compact mandarin with a lush and dense crown. We should not forget about the need for transplantation.

Partial removal of flowers

In order to avoid excessive load on the tree in the first years of fruiting, it is recommended to pinch the flowers. Leave only a few flowers on the trunk of the tangerine tree. In this way, you can achieve fragrant and large fruits without depleting the plant itself. Let there be only a few beautiful and fragrant flowers on the stem of the plant, but later you will enjoy beautiful and large fruits.

Pinching the tops of branches

As the tree grows, it is necessary to periodically pinch the tops of the shoots. This is necessary in order for the tree to form a dense and lush crown. With the right formation, it will turn into a real decoration of the room. This can be achieved by controlling the growth of the top and shoots, which must be removed from time to time, i.e. pinch. With the appearance of each new sprout, pinch the top when 5-6 leaves are formed. It is also necessary to get rid of tops (strong shoots) that grow rapidly from the root itself.

Removal of stretched branches and dried leaves

Remove stretched branches and dried leaves in a timely manner so that your exotic tree grows really lush and fruitful. Often they try to grow a homemade tangerine as a bonsai. For this purpose, remove the growing tops of the shoots to the desired length. As a result, your labors will not be in vain - you will get delicious fruits with a thin peel that easily separates from the pulp.

Why does the tangerine shed its leaves

If the basic rules of care are not followed, diseases occur in the tangerine tree. Do not ignore the threat that various pests can pose. These include red spider mites, scale insects, citrus whiteflies. Dropping leaves does not always indicate the presence of a disease, because. this can also occur during a period of relative rest on cold days.

What to do

If pests have become the cause of dropping leaves, then wipe all the leaves of the tree with special solutions. A few procedures are enough to get rid of all unwanted "guests". Yellowing foliage can be a signal that the plant lacks minerals. During nitrogen deficiency, yellowing starts from the lower leaves. In addition, mandarin can react this way to the lack of the right amount of moisture, lack of light. Move the plant to a well-lit area and remember to water regularly.

Methods for propagating a tangerine tree

The most economical way to get a tangerine seedling is to grow it from a seed. This approach will take you a lot of time and patience. If the tree already exists, and you want to get offspring from it, then choose one of the following methods:

• Propagation is by layering, which are well-formed branches of a tree. Select a branch from an adult tangerine with a thickness of 4 mm and a length sufficient to bend the branch and pin it to the ground. You do not need to separate the branch from the bush, just dig it in with earth. At the same time, the top will protrude on the surface of the soil. Keep the dig site moist. When new roots form at the cutting, separate the branch from the mother plant.
• Reproduction is carried out by cuttings. For this, the so-called air layering is used - the stalk takes root "on weight". An adult shoot is cut in a circle, cutting off the bark about 1 cm wide, after which the wound is treated, wrapped with sphagnum moss and polyethylene (loosely). It is necessary to maintain the resulting "chrysalis" in a wet state until the roots form - it will take several months.

How to transplant a tangerine at home

The plant begins to need a transplant when the container becomes cramped. For young tangerines, this procedure should be carried out annually, and for trees from 7 years old - once every two years. Do not transplant the plant during flowering, it is better to do this in early spring. The new pot should be a few centimeters larger than the previous one. The root collar should not be deepened during transplantation, because. bark may be damaged. The excess kidney is crushed, and then transferred to a new container with drainage and soil.

Pest control

Pest control is of particular importance when caring for a tangerine tree. Citrus fruits are more susceptible to them. This is due to the fact that they have a very attractive aroma. More about how to fight:

• Aphid. If there are few insects, then wash the stem with leaves with a solution of laundry soap.
• Damaged aphids can be treated with a decoction of wormwood or nettle.
• Garlic water is a good way to deal with aphids.
• To combat spider mites at home, use garlic water, laundry soap, and tobacco dust. Create a spray mixture based on them.

Video

Did you find an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we'll fix it!

Discuss

Tangerine tree - how to properly care for at home, soil and fertilizer

Mandarin is an evergreen plant that belongs to the Rutov family. The specific Latin name of the mandarin is Citrus reticulate. Like orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, it belongs to the genus Citrus. The life form of this plant is interesting - it can be a shrub and a tree, reaching a height of 5 meters.

Like other representatives of the genus Citrus, mandarin has long been grown in greenhouses, conservatories, and winter gardens. Despite its size, mandarin at home can be grown on a balcony or on a windowsill. Currently, breeders have bred many varieties of dwarf and undersized tangerines for home cultivation, the maximum height of which is 0.6-1.1 m. Indoor tangerine may not be a dwarf variety, then the plant needs to be severely cut and shaped.

Indoor mandarin is a very effective pot plant. And not only because of the bright, fragrant and appetizing orange fruits that can be stored on it for several months. Sometimes the plant gives pleasure only by its flowering, because the delicate white flowers of the mandarin exude an amazing aroma. In some varieties, flowering begins in spring and can continue throughout the year. Indoor mandarin, grown in the form of bonsai, is a real work of art.

The fruits of indoor mandarin are tied without artificial pollination, usually ripen at the end of the year. Often, indoor tangerine in a pot is bought in a store with fruits already hanging on it. Despite the fact that they are very appetizing, they should not be eaten. Indeed, to achieve such a high decorative effect, plants receive high doses of fertilizers. Leathery and corrugated leaves are beautiful in mandarin.

Popular mandarin varieties for growing at home

Unshiu- Japanese variety, the most unpretentious, begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years, grows up to 0.8-1.5 m in room conditions. It branches well. It blooms profusely in spring, forms fruits in late October-November. Pear-shaped fruits do not have seeds.
Kowano-Wase, Miha-Wase, Miyagawa-Wase- dwarf tangerines of the Vasya group - suitable for growing on a windowsill, height 40-80 cm. Orange-yellow fruits ripen for the first time in the second year of cultivation, abundant flowering. Like all dwarf varieties, they do not need crown formation.
Shiva Mikan- early compact fast-growing variety. Fruits are small, not more than 30 g
Murcot t - the fruits of this compact mandarin variety are very sweet, ripen in summer, taste very sweet, which is why the name of the variety is translated as "honey".
Clementine- a hybrid of mandarin and orange, bears fruit at home in the second year. One adult domestic tree per year produces up to 50 medium flattened orange-red fruits, very fragrant, with a shiny skin. Plants of this variety with numerous seeds are called monrealis.

Mandarin: home care

Tangerine lighting at home

The first step in successfully growing an indoor tangerine is choosing a location for the plant and lighting it properly.
Indoor mandarin, as well as grown in open ground, needs good lighting with some direct sunlight. In low light, the plant slows down growth, throws out a small number of flowers or does not bloom at all. With a strong lack of light, the leaves of indoor tangerine become faded, new shoots are elongated, thin and painful in appearance. Therefore, it is better to grow a plant on the eastern, southeastern and southern windows, shading from midday direct rays. In summer, the plant can be taken out to the balcony, gradually accustoming it to the street.
In winter, with a short daylight hours, indoor mandarin should be placed in the most lit place with direct sunlight. But sometimes this is not enough: you need artificial lighting. For this purpose, an ordinary fitolamp is suitable, which can be screwed into a chandelier or table lamp. It is necessary to transfer the plant to supplementary lighting gradually. With a sharp change in the length of daylight hours, it can shed its leaves.

Content temperature

The optimum temperature for indoor tangerine in the summer is + 20-25 ° C. During the period of budding and flowering, so that the flowers do not fall off, it is better to keep the plant at a temperature slightly below + 20 ° C. In winter, to ensure a relative dormant period, tangerines are kept at + 5 -10 ° C. A plant that has rested over the winter will flower and bear fruit better.

We advise you to read: Benefits of tangerines »
What to cook with tangerines »
In search of the sweetest and juiciest tangerines »

How to water and spray tangerine at home

Indoor mandarin, like its wild ancestors, is adapted to endure dry periods. In a pinch, the plant will shed its leaves to reduce the amount of liquid that evaporates. A common problem when growing mandarin at home is excessive watering, which leads to the development of fungal diseases.
The amount of water for watering indoor mandarin depends on several factors:
- the size of the plant;
- the size of the container in which the tangerine grows;
- ambient temperature;
- duration of daylight hours and light intensity.
The larger the surface of the leaves of an indoor tangerine, the stronger the evaporation, and the more it needs to be watered. The temperature also affects the rate of evaporation: the higher it is, the more the plant loses moisture. The length of daylight directly affects the amount of moisture that evaporates. Stomata - formations on the underside of terrestrial plants that serve for gas exchange, open during daylight hours.
Watering indoor tangerine should be carried out in the morning, when the plant has activated its vital processes. When the temperature drops, watering is reduced, up to stopping for several days during the period when the temperature in the room is only + 12-15 ° C. In this case, the tangerine is watered with a small amount of water, only to maintain life.
Mandarin at home needs regular spraying of the leaves. Strongly dry air has a bad effect on the plant and is often a prerequisite for its infestation with spider mites. If indoor tangerine blooms, then you need to make sure that water does not fall on its flowers.

How to feed mandarin at home

A complete care for a mandarin at home is not possible without additional mineral and organic top dressing. The soil in a pot is quickly depleted and washed out during watering, and recreational processes practically do not occur in it, unlike the soil in nature.
For top dressing, you can use soluble or dry fertilizers. In the spring, with an increase in daylight hours, top dressing for indoor mandarin is increased. It is in the early spring period that vegetative and generative buds begin to develop intensively, at which time the plant requires additional nutrients.
At home, mandarin is fertilized, like all other indoor plants, that is, in the morning. The ambient temperature should be at least + 18-19 degrees.
Soluble fertilizers are often used for top dressing. They can water the plant, and in a weaker concentration spray its leaves. To feed an indoor tangerine, any complex mineral fertilizer containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, the main elements needed by plants, is suitable.
Dissolve fertilizers in soft or settled water at room temperature. The main thing is not to increase the dose. If the instructions say: 1 cap of the product per 1 liter of water, do not think that 2 caps will make the solution more useful. This will lead to the opposite effect - a chemical burn or toxic poisoning of the plant.
You need to feed mandarin at home during the period of intensive growth (from March to September) 2 times a week. Maybe less often, but not more often.
Dry fertilizers, which are applied to the soil and gradually dissolve, giving the soil trace elements, must be applied even more carefully. Their advantage is that by making them in the spring you can forget about feeding for a long time. However, they can be quickly used by the plant, and it will be difficult to guess about it. The introduction of an additional dose of fertilizer will lead to the above overdose.
Mandarin cultivation also requires organic fertilizers. To do this, you can dilute infused cow dung in a ratio of 1/10. The best option would be to use organic fertilizer in combination with mineral fertilizers for ground dressing.

Additional care for mandarin at home

To form a lush tangerine tree, pinch the tops of its branches.
Caring for a tangerine at home also consists in removing dried leaves or stretched twigs.
On young flowering plants, flowers are partially removed so as not to deplete them and allow several fruits to ripen. For 15-20 leaves of an adult plant, one ovary can be left. The fewer fruits left on the tangerine, the larger they will be.
The fruit-bearing branches of indoor mandarin are tied, tied to a support, otherwise they may break due to the severity of the fruit, and the plant will not have an attractive appearance.

© "Site about plants"