It is difficult to live in the age of innovation, every decade carrying a doubling of information - there is no stability! Things familiar yesterday, today or tomorrow, may well become an anachronism. Innovations in everything and everywhere, including in such a conservative industry as construction. New technologies, dozens of new finishing materials, fasteners and fittings, materials for walls and insulation. Fundamentally new window systems, which have changed the idea that a window is a constant source of cold, can now partially perform the function of a heat insulator. New ones appear almost every day Construction Materials, technology or tools. Unfortunately, not everything worthy of use in construction is widely known. And the purpose of this article is to introduce you to a rather little-known liquid insulation - penoizol (it can also be called Mipora, Unipor or Mettemplast).

So, penoizol

Penoizol (aka carbamide foam) is obtained by foaming and subsequent polymerization of carbamide resin. The uniqueness of this technology is that the production process takes place directly at the object of insulation, where the product in liquid form and under pressure is fed into the insulated cavities, allowing them to be completely filled with insulation. Save energy, time, money, transport, loading and unloading. There is no need to take up space for warehousing and storage of large volumes of insulation. No need to fasten the insulation to the wall and related work.

The whole difference in the use of penoizol from the usual heaters, in the order of the work. If soft rolled and solid sheet insulation is attached to the wall and only then covered (protected) with a vapor-conducting membrane with a hinged facade or plaster, then for insulation with liquid foam insulation, a hinged facade is first built and only then liquid insulation is poured into the cavity, under the vapor-conducting membrane.

Characteristics of carbamide foam

As a heater, penoizol can have a density of 10 - 30 kg / m 3 and has excellent thermal insulation properties with thermal conductivity - 0.028-0.038 W / m² C. Compare, the thermal conductivity of classic foam, depending on the density, varies in the range - 0.038 - 0.043 W / m °C. Mineral wool boards with a density of 125 kg / m 3 - 0.07 W / m² C (to prevent shrinkage of mineral wool during operation, a density of 120 kg / m 3 and above is recommended by manufacturers of mineral wool insulation for thermal insulation vertical walls), and with a density of 200 kg / m 3 - 0.08 W / m² C, i.e. penoizol as a heater retains heat better than polystyrene and is twice as good as mineral wool in this parameter.

Urea foam, at one time, withstood a number of tests and was repeatedly studied in various laboratories in our country and abroad. Government Services for Certification and Licensing Gosstandart, Goskomitet SEN, Gosstroy, after detailed studies for compliance with medical standards, certified carbamide foam. In addition, penoizol was tested for fire resistance at the State Enterprise TsNIISK named after. Kucherenko.

The conducted studies confirmed the thermal conductivity coefficient in the range from 0.028 to 0.038 W / m² C.

The fire safety of penoizol is also quite high, the material corresponds to a flammability group of at least G-2. Penoizol does not support combustion, which in itself is unique, given the organic basis of the material. When exposed to an open flame, penoizol gradually loses mass by charring and evaporating without the formation of melt drops, without emitting either harmful gases or soot.

It tolerates significant cyclic changes in temperature and humidity well and without changes in its structure. At the same time, it has an enviable durability. Laboratory studies gave an estimated service life of 60 - 80 years. At the same time, the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, after studying penoizol for durability, wrote in conclusion that "the operating time of penoizol is not limited." This is confirmed by the study of samples of penoizol taken from walls insulated 60-70 years ago (the first experiments in the use of insulation). There are also no obvious signs of degradation.

The internal fine-mesh structure of the insulation effectively passes water vapor towards the lowest partial pressures. According to this indicator, penoizol corresponds to the best samples of heaters on the market. This characteristic refers it to the category of "vapor-permeable" heaters, which is a prerequisite for insulating the walls and ceilings of the house.

Application

The microcapillary, well-permeable water vapor internal structure of penoizol actively pumps moisture through its volume from the walls to the outside, constantly drying them and preventing condensation from accumulating and the appearance of mold accompanying it. Which is very valuable for any walls, especially wooden ones. A well-built and high-quality hinged facade with penoizol as a heater guarantees a long life for a wooden house.

Like most heaters, penoizol is an excellent sound insulator. Its five to seven centimeter layer reduces the midrange airborne noise three times, structural (transmitted through structural elements) two times.

Penoizol can be effectively used for insulation and sound insulation of walls, ceilings, floors and internal bulkheads of houses built from almost any modern structural materials. The efficiency, low cost and fire safety of penoizol made it attractive for insulating houses, as well as utility and industrial buildings.

Penoizol is an effective, if not the only, material for repairing a heat-insulating layer of a building that has been damaged during operation. The material can be used, for example, to fill cavities formed as a result of poor-quality installation or shrinkage of mineral wool, filling cavities formed from expanded polystyrene (polystyrene) destroyed by rodents, voids formed as a result of shrinkage of bulk insulation - expanded clay, ecowool, etc.

Testing various heaters for blowing

Pouring penoizol into walls with settled mineral wool

Disadvantages of penoizol.

Like any other material, penoizol has advantages and disadvantages. In this article, I will give the main ones:

Penoizol has a rather low mechanical tensile strength compared to extruded polystyrene foam and it needs to be protected from mechanical stress.

With open water ingress for a long time, it can gain a certain amount of moisture, which leads to a decrease in the thermal insulation properties of the insulation. But I note that again, thanks to the capillary structure, it evaporates the accumulated moisture very quickly.

During polymerization and drying, together with water, it emits a small amount of gaseous formaldehyde, but already after 2-3 weeks, when the material gets rid of moisture, this indicator does not exceed the MPC.

Due to its hygroscopicity, penoizol cannot be used to insulate the underground part of foundations, and it cannot be used as a heater under a reinforced concrete screed.

In the case of pouring the material not into the main walls (brick, concrete), but, for example, into a frame wall between two films, due to the impossibility of creating high pressure in the frame wall, penoizol has an unpleasant feature - shrinkage of the material during the drying process, which can reach 1%, in on the main walls, shrinkage is leveled by the high pressure created in the wall during the pouring of penoizol.

To solve the problem of penoizol shrinkage in light frame structures, Armoplast specialists developed a set of measures:

The technology of micro and macro-reinforcement of penoizol with the help of mineral additives and additional preparatory special measures, which allows you to completely get rid of the negative phenomena associated with shrinkage of the material in frame walls, ceilings, attics and guarantee the reliable operation of the insulation throughout its entire service life

Rapid drying of the material is unacceptable, because. penoizol during quick drying does not have time to polymerize sufficiently and gain sufficient strength, which leads to a high percentage of shrinkage of the material (penoizol should be between the vapor barrier and windproof vapor-transparent membranes and dry within 2-4 weeks)

Mandatory use of the "correct" components, the so-called "foam" EPSG resin and Mettemplast technology.

Below are pictures taken with an electron microscope (magnification 500x - 600x), which show the structure of conventional and micro-reinforced foam insulation.

Photo 1 Photo 2

Photo 1 shows an opened empty capillary of a unit cell ("bubble") of a conventional non-reinforced foam insulation, photo 2 shows reinforced foam insulation capillaries filled with mineral fillers, which helps to combat shrinkage during drying of the material, and also gives additional strength and fire resistance to foam insulation .

Thus, we see that penoizol has its fairly wide scope, and many of the above disadvantages of the material can be eliminated technological way. Aenoizol must be protected from external mechanical and climatic influences (this requirement is the same for almost all modern heaters). Penoizol in frame housing construction and open castings must be reinforced, which will eliminate the shrinkage of the material and obtain an excellent monolithic seamless heat-insulating layer bound throughout the volume with reinforcing mineral fibers.

The effect of using penoizol to restore thermal insulation brick house, perfectly demonstrates the thermogram taken before (photo on the left) and after additional pouring of insulation into the walls (photo on the right).

So, choosing penoizol as the main insulation of walls and ceilings at home, you will get an economical, reliable and durable material. A material that does not burn "breathes" and mice do not start in it (a drawback of most modern heaters).

Penoizol is cheap, using it, you save at the construction stage, but you will get even more savings during the operation of the house on heating, since this insulation has one of the best thermal resistance characteristics. Penoizol is a combination of low price, good quality and high performance.

Since penoizol in its original form is a liquid foam poured under pressure, the free volumes in the walls of any configuration are completely filled. This eliminates their subsequent purging and the associated heat loss.

The material has a low price, therefore, using it, you will be able to increase the insulation layer in the house without additional financial costs, thereby automatically laying the foundation for its future energy efficiency.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude: penoizol has both positive and negative properties. But for a specific, narrow use of the material - wall insulation, floors and ceilings of the house, the pros outweigh its cons. Good coefficient of heat resistance, durability, reasonable price and excellent performance properties make it one of the the best heaters On the market. Subject to the material production technology, it can be recommended as a heater and sound insulator for walls, ceilings and partitions of almost any houses and structures.

(carbamide foam, aka penoizol) in its original form is a liquid foam that hardens in the open air for two to three hours. The fluidity of the unhardened material allows it to be used to insulate cavities inside the walls of an already built house.

At the same time, the coefficient of expansion of this material is equal to zero, which allows it to be used as an adhesive for mounting insulation panels, effectively replacing nails and anchors.

Liquid foam for domestic use it is sold in small sealed containers, very convenient for do-it-yourself use at home, but if we talk about large-scale construction, then it uses special foam production plants that produce it at the construction site from special granules and serve it to the workplace using hoses .

1 Scope

The use of liquid foam has spread widely to all areas of construction. Due to its low cost and ease of use, this substance successfully replaces most of the outdated methods of insulation and sealing floors and walls.

The most common use of liquid foam for the following purposes:

• Insulation for horizontal planes and on;

Liquid foam is one of the most effective insulation for attic floors of private panel, wooden, or brick houses.

It is also common practice to use it when insulating the space between the rafters, and the inclined planes of the inner part of the roofs, since the adhesion of this substance to any surface is maximum.

• Warming of sinuses and hollow spaces;

Due to the optimal consistency that allows you to close up any small cavity or hole, liquid foam is an indispensable substance for their insulation. It's about about the insulation of the underground space in wooden floors, brick formwork, or false wall cavities, junctions of doors and windows to frames.

At the same time, liquid foam can be used where it is impossible to mount any other insulation, for example, in small holes or cracks.

• Insulation of the walls of containers using;

Liquid foam in everyday life is often used to insulate the walls of caissons, wells, or the head of wells, for this it is enough to make an external formwork with your own hands, the distance between which and the main wall will be 3-5 centimeters, and fill in the resulting free space foam.

• Applications as an adhesive;

In terms of its structure and composition, liquid foam does not differ much from classic polyurethane foam, in fact, it was originally produced as one of its varieties.

The prevalence of the use of liquid foam as an adhesive in everyday life is explained by the fact that, unlike ordinary polyurethane foam, hardened foam plastic foam has good thermal insulation and air permeability.

Based on this, liquid foam in cylinders can be successfully used for mounting any slab insulation, while you do not need nails or anchors.

In industrial production, liquid foam is the basis for the manufacture of various complex PP structures, such as baguettes, skirting boards, relief moldings, and the like.

They are created by filling special forming blanks with foam. By the way, this technology is quite simply implemented at home, which is quite an attractive area for small businesses. Another foam is used on.

Recently, there have been enough a large number of small industrial workshops producing molded foam products. To organize a production line, it is enough to have a foam generator, raw materials (liquid foam is made from special granules), and blanks of the desired shape and size.

2 Advantages and disadvantages

Objectively comparing the pros and cons of carbamide foam, we can conclude that among all existing materials for home insulation, the use of liquid foam is the most justified in most cases.

Advantages:

1. High thermal insulation characteristics;

By main functional characteristic, namely the coefficient heat retention, carbamide foam is superior to any other insulation.

For example, a ten-centimeter layer of this substance in terms of thermal insulation properties is equal to a 30-centimeter layer of ordinary hard foam, a 20-centimeter layer of mineral wool, or 2.5 meters of additional brickwork. At the same time, this insulation does not lose its functional properties in a wide temperature range, from -70 to +200 degrees.

1. Moderate cost even for .

In general, the total cost of do-it-yourself insulation of the floor, roof, or attic of a house using liquid foam will turn out to be much less than with any other material.

1. Ease of use;

If you need a small amount of carbamide foam, then you can use packaged cylinders sold in any hardware stores, but if insulation is required in large quantities, then you can rent a special installation that produces it directly at the workplace.

At the same time, of all the heaters existing on the market, only liquid foam plastic foam can fill cavities in walls, floors, and ceilings of structures already in use, without violating their integrity and appearance.

1. Multifunctionality;

Liquid foam for the house, in fact, is an indispensable thing - it can be used both as an effective insulation, and successfully replace liquid nails, anchors, or ordinary nails, when installing any insulation panels with your own hands.

1. Resistance to external mechanical and atmospheric influences (for example);

Firstly, this insulation is not afraid of rats, mice and other rodents that gnaw through and start up in most other solid insulation. Secondly, carbamide foam is not covered with mold and fungi when high dampness air in the building.

1. fire safety;

A quality product manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST, when exposed to high temperatures and fire, does not burn or melt.

1. High adhesion;

Liquid foam has maximum adhesion to any coating, while the surface on which the insulation will be applied does not require any pre-treatment.

1. Durability;

An interesting fact is that the attempt to implement a study on the duration of the service life of carbamide foam was discontinued 78 years after it began, since penoizol did not show any signs of aging and deformation;

1. High soundproofing properties;

Only two factors can be attributed to the significant disadvantages that carbamide foam has: the first (related only to low-quality products) is the ability to absorb water, but this issue has long been resolved by leading manufacturers.

Adding carbamide foam to the composition at the production stage special mixtures(water repellents) completely eliminates the problem of moisture absorption.

The second is an unpleasant smell with which the insulation will “please” for several hours after installation. However, over time, this smell, which is caused by the presence of uncured formaldehyde in the foam, will completely disappear.

2.1 Safety issue

Formaldehyde, which is part of the liquid foam mentioned above, used to be the subject of heated debate. By itself, this substance, with constant exposure to a person, carries a certain harm to the body. It even got to the point that penoizol was completely banned in several American states.

However, this misunderstanding, after detailed studies, was completely resolved, since it turned out that when insulating a house with polystyrene foam, no harmful effects on a person occur, and the beginning of this precedent in the United States was a low-quality insulation from a company using resins that were not intended for this.

Modern production technology, which is implemented by leading companies such as Tiger, completely eliminates the possibility of any negative impact this heater on the human body.

2.2 Features of use

Insulation of the inter-wall space of an already operated house can be performed if the thickness of the cavity inside the walls is at least 3 centimeters. To insulate such walls with your own hands, you need to drill holes in the walls in a checkerboard pattern with a diameter of about 30 millimeters.

The optimal distance between the holes is 1.5 meters. After that, penoizol is poured under pressure into the holes, which, upon completion of work, are sealed with cement mortar.

When insulating walls under construction, penoizol must be poured in layers, while the height of one layer should not exceed 3 meters. If the walls are higher, it is necessary to let the first layer dry, and then pour the second one.

The use of liquid foam as a heater has a lot of advantages, among which, first of all, its ability to fill the smallest gaps should be noted. In addition, the cost of this heater is quite affordable, compared to alternatives. We will talk about the features and scope of liquid foam later.

Liquid foam: features and characteristics

The basis for the manufacture of foam is the use of resin polymer composition. There are a large number of varieties of this material, which distinguish:

• by appointment - technical type foam is more harmful to environment, toxic substances are present in its composition, the foam installed in residential premises has a different composition, which is distinguished by absolute harmlessness and a good degree of purification;
• according to manufacturing technology - materials based on already frozen foam are safer; in the process of working with liquid foam, there is a risk of release of harmful substances during its solidification.

Most best option liquid foam is made on the basis of urea-formaldehyde resins.

Each of the heaters, which has a foamed purpose, is formed by solidification of the material from which it is made. If the foam is applied directly to the surface that needs to be insulated, then its adhesion to it increases several times than if a foam plate is installed on the same surface.

To prepare liquid foam, you will need the presence of resin and a hardener. A special machine is engaged in mixing and whipping all the ingredients into a homogeneous foamy structure. Next, it is fed using a pump and a hose directly to the subject of insulation.

There are special units that are engaged in this process. Although it is possible to manufacture your own device, which is responsible for the preparation of liquid foam. The cost of purchased devices is quite high and reaches more than $ 3,000. For self-assembly of such a device, much less funds will be required.

Purchased liquid foam is produced in the form of a balloon. After the foam hits the wall surface, it instantly hardens and becomes an excellent insulation.

Among the advantages of liquid foam should be highlighted:

1. Excellent level of adhesion with almost any materials.

2. No need for surface preparation before laying foam.

3. The formation of a seamless perfect seam that does not let heat through.

4. Excellent vapor permeability, which allows you to maintain a healthy indoor climate.

5. It is used for warming surfaces of various composition: concrete, brick, wood, etc.

6. Liquid foam is able to fill all the space that requires insulation.

7. No or easy removal of excess and smudges.

8. Environmental friendliness and harmlessness to human health is ensured if a high-quality type of foam is selected.

9. Affordable cost, which is several times lower than alternative heaters in the form of mineral wool.

10. Good resistance to mould, fungus and microorganisms.

11. Ability to function in various temperature regime. Resistance to temperature changes.

Despite this, liquid foam has certain disadvantages, namely:

• the possibility of linear shrinkage, which appears if the foam was poured without the necessary pressure;
• presence bad smell, which disappears over time;
• the ability to absorb moisture, so the material should be protected from external influences on both sides;
• due to the presence of formaldehyde, it is recommended for use as an outer layer of insulation or as an intermediate layer.

Liquid foam insulation - scope of use

Liquid foam has limited indoor use, but is still widely used in the process of insulating horizontal planes, such as attic floors. panel house. In addition, it does an excellent job of warming the inter-rafter space and inclined sections.

Due to the presence of a liquid consistency, the foam perfectly insulates the space between two sections of walls that are tightly adjacent to each other. It is used to insulate formwork, false walls or floors made of wood.

Liquid foam is able to penetrate into the most remote sections of the walls. With its help, they are filled evenly and efficiently.

The use of liquid foam is associated with the insulation of containers. In addition, the unit with which insulation is produced is also used for the manufacture of any kind of foam products, such as skirting boards, baguettes, slabs, relief elements, etc.

Please note that all materials used in the liquid foam manufacturing process should be carefully checked. Since there are many scammers or pseudo-factories that make liquid foam at a low cost. In this case, a low quality hardener is used, which is not only harmful, but also dangerous to human health.

Liquid foam in cylinders is used as an adhesive. In relation to the form and application, it has similar properties to mounting foam, although in comparison with it it has a higher thermal conductivity and vapor permeability.

It is suitable for fixing various kinds of insulation boards on the surface. To do this, you must follow the instructions:

1. Make sure there are no defects on the surface. It should be smooth, without rust spots, cracks and chips.

2. Clean and dedust the surface.

3. In places where the adhesive is in contact with the board, water should be applied to improve their adhesion.

4. The option of applying foam to the full surface is possible. If it is planned to save, then it is applied only in horizontal and diagonal directions.

5. Once the liquid foam is applied to the surface of the plate, it should be pressed firmly against the wall.

6. Further slabs are laid in the same way.

Please note that thermal insulation with foam, in the absence of a properly organized ventilation system leads to the formation of condensate masses.

Application of liquid foam does not require extensive surface preparation. This explains its wide popularity. When using a special installation that produces foam, only water and electricity are required for insulation. The foam is applied using a hose, the size of which is limited by the distance from the foam producing unit to the place of insulation.

Liquid carbamide foam is used in such cases:

• internal work on gluing various kinds of structural elements, for thermal insulation of bathrooms, in order to ensure sound insulation;
• when carrying out outdoor work - facade insulation, waterproofing, installation of blocks made of concrete, etc.

The use of liquid foam is quite simple. Before applying it, the surface should be cleaned of dirt and dust, water should be applied to it to improve the adhesion of the foam. Work is best done at a temperature of about twenty degrees Celsius. If the air temperature is lower, then the finished mixture is heated with warm water. If the weather is too hot, then the mixture is cooled in the same way.

Before using a purchased liquid foam, you should first shake the container in which it is located about 10-15 times. Thus, there will be a uniform distribution of material inside the cylinder.

Advantages of wall insulation with liquid foam

If the foam is made directly at the facility where construction works, then its quality is much lower than that of balloon liquid foam. The use of purchased foam, which is sold in a balloon form, has the following advantages:

• durability;
• environmental friendliness and harmlessness to health, provided that the foam is made of quality materials;
• fire safety and fire resistance;
• resistance to biological influences;
• resistance to insects and rodents.

Insulation with liquid foam has an excellent value for money thermal insulation material. It is able to insulate both already erected walls and structures that are under construction. In addition, liquid foam is different:

• excellent thermal insulation characteristics;
• high manufacturability of use;
• service life of 45 years;
• resistance to high temperatures;
• affordable cost;
• fire safety;
• high density;
• good soundproofing characteristics.

Insulation of houses with liquid foam - technology and properties

Filling with liquid foam is carried out directly on construction site Therefore, the work on insulation is done quickly and easily. Penoizol is not prone to increase, but still differs in the presence of slight shrinkage, in order to avoid the appearance of cracks that form as a result of shrinkage, the technology of filling with penoizol should be strictly followed.

The material must be tested and of high quality. The minimum temperature for work is six degrees. If a purchased type of foam is used, then you should first study the instructions for working with it.

Sometimes slab or tiny materials are used. Since the foam in the dry state is great for any surface. After pouring, a seamless layer is formed, which has excellent heat and sound insulation characteristics. This design practically does not allow moisture to pass through, despite the presence of small cracks in it.

The use of liquid foam is associated with insulation:

• fences for external purposes;
• wall insulation of a simple or combined composition;

• thermal insulation construction made of bricks, consisting of three layers;
• filling panels made of reinforced concrete;
• providing sound insulation and sound absorption;
• as a heater in layered panels;
• interfloor insulation;
• insulation of roofs, attics, attics and balcony structures;
• insulation of garages, boxes, outbuildings, hangars, open areas, etc.;
• thermal insulation of cottages, basements, vegetable stores;
• thermal insulation and sound insulation of wall panels, which are installed on a frame made of both metal and wood;
• soil insulation.

Manufacturing technology of liquid foam

To buy liquid foam, you should contact the manufacturers directly. They must be checked in advance with all the documents necessary for work. In addition, you should take care of the availability of certificates confirming the quality of products.

For purchased liquid foam, the price is higher, so its process self-manufacturing is much cheaper.

With the help of a properly made liquid foam, it will be possible to complete all the work efficiently, quickly and efficiently.

The procedure for making liquid foam involves mixing water foam with carbamide resin and a hardener. This is followed by polymerization, that is, the solidification of the finished substance.

After drying is completed, the material takes the form of the foam that is familiar to us. The foam is applied to the surface in the form of a thick foam, which has a thick consistency. It well insulates various kinds of building structures. In order to fill all the air gaps, it is necessary to provide a certain pressure, under which the foam is supplied.

Work should begin with the direct pouring of the material onto the surface. To obtain quality material, you should adhere to a certain technology for installing liquid foam.

For thermal insulation in houses, with total area at 70 square meters, it will take about six hours of work. If you hire specialists who are engaged in insulation using liquid foam, then the cost of work will be about $ 25 per square meter. Self-insulation will reduce costs by two or even three times.

Insulation with liquid foam involves pouring liquid foam into all empty sections of the walls. This procedure is performed by pre-drilling holes into which the hose is inserted. It is the pressure that ensures the tight fit of the material to the wall, the filling of all cavities and the absence of cracks.

Subject to the correct manufacture of liquid foam and its application, the use of this material as a heater allows you to get high-quality, inexpensive and effective insulation.

Liquid foam video:

To insulate the building from the inside and outside, repairmen use liquid foam (also known as penoizol). This is a relatively recent technology that has become widespread due to the high thermal conductivity and durability of the material. How to apply a liquid substance and what do you need for home insulation?

Three types of liquid foam

Varieties of liquid foam differ from each other not in chemical composition, but in the production container in which they are produced. The scope and complexity of the application will depend on the packaging.

Professionals use industrial liquid foam. To mix it, you will need a special installation, which costs over 20,000 rubles. Such a machine allows you to simultaneously mix the composition to uniform consistency and supply it under pressure. It is not worth buying a special unit for one-time insulation. It is better to rent it or use other modifications of the insulation.

The second industrial option is liquid foam in cylinders. The kit includes two components: a container with a paste-like mass and a catalyst. When mixed, they form an insulating mixture that is distributed under pressure. Cylinders are reusable and easy to recharge.

The simplest option, which is convenient to use at home for medium and small jobs, is household penoizol in cylinders. To distribute the porous material, the dispenser included in the kit or a construction gun is used.

Advantages and disadvantages of penoizol

Liquid foam has several main advantages, because of which modern installers choose it for the insulation of private and industrial buildings.

Fine mesh structure. Penoizol refers to breathable materials. It does not create condensation on the surface of the walls, it allows moisture to pass through the porous layer and brings it out. This property of the material allows you to avoid the formation of fungus and with any coating.

Fire safety. Liquid foam belongs to the moderately combustible class G2. In the solid state, the material does not burn, but chars, while no molten and toxic substances are released during combustion. This is unique property gives another point to liquid foam compared to other heaters.

Resistant to changes in temperature and humidity. After complete polymerization (hardening), penoizol does not change its structure, regardless of weather conditions and indoor microclimate. Due to this, the life of the insulation is from 50 to 80 years.

Noise isolation. The middle layer of penoizol with a thickness of 5-7 cm reduces the noise level, which transmits to the external environment by 3 times, and inside the building - by 2 times.

Availability of material at a price. The average cost of one household cylinder with a dispenser – 500 rubles. One cylinder is enough for 6–10 m 2 of fixing insulation boards.

Lack of surface preparation. It is not necessary to grind and clean the walls, which significantly saves time and financial costs for the purchase of special equipment for preparatory work.

Laying 10 cm layer of liquid foam in terms of thermal insulation properties corresponds to 0.2 m of mineral wool; 0.3 m of ordinary foam; 0.35 m of wood4 0.9 m of brick and 2 m of concrete.

However, this material also has the reverse side of the coin, which must be taken into account:

• reduced mechanical strength;
• deterioration of the quality of the material when moisture enters;
• selection a small amount formaldehyde, maintaining an unpleasant odor for several weeks;
• shrinkage of the insulating layer by 1% after hardening in frame walls.

Filling industrial foam in cylinders

Liquid thermal insulation foam consists of carbamide resin, a hardening catalyst, a foaming agent and water. Additionally, modifiers and additives are introduced that improve the plasticity and other characteristics of the material. The process of mixing and transformation into a homogeneous mass takes place under the influence of compressed air in a special apparatus for foam insulation. Purchasing this unit for home use only useful when carrying out large-scale or regular work. Alternatively, the device can be rented.

Usually craftsmen purchase reusable cylinders with liquid foam. The contents are thoroughly mixed to get rid of air gaps and allow the active composition to spread as much as possible over the surface in a dense layer. Quite a few important point when using liquid foam in cylinders - the temperature of the working mixture. 20 ° C is considered optimal for application; at lower temperatures, it must be heated in warm water. Attention, the heating temperature should not exceed 50°C, and in summer time year, the cylinder is cooled to the minimum mark regulated by the manufacturer.

There are three fill options:

1. 1. If the free space between the walls is up to 5 cm, the insulation is poured in drilled holes 32 mm in diameter. Perforation of the wall is carried out in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 1 m from each other. A hose is inserted into the hole (d = 30 mm). The foam composition is supplied under pressure, filling the cavities until it begins to seep through an adjacent hole.
2. 2. Filling the walls with insulation in new buildings is carried out by filling the cavity with penoizol in several layers.
3. 3. For frame houses, as well as the cavity between the wall and the plasterboard partition, the insulation is distributed from the bottom up.

After completion of work, the liquid foam does not leave voids, completely fills the recesses and small cracks. The initial degree of hardening of the insulation occurs after 20 minutes. For example, after 3–4 hours, it becomes stronger, finally polymerizes after 2–5 days, and after a month, it completely gains and stabilizes its solid form.

Household composition with a dispenser - a heat insulator and glue in one bottle

The most popular among amateur craftsmen is liquid foam with a dispenser, which is easy to apply with your own hands according to the principle of polyurethane foam. The first thing to start with is surface preparation. Complex manipulations are not required, however, it is worth performing several procedures for better adhesion of the material to the surface. We remove dust and dirt, a hose with good water pressure will be enough. Degreasing the surface also does not hurt. After removing the dust, you do not need to dry the walls, they should remain damp. In this case, close contact of the liquid foam with the base will be ensured, the material hardens faster.

Amateur masters more often purchase bottles with a dispenser

The next important point is the preparation of the balloon. It must be shaken several times and heated to the desired temperature indicated by the manufacturer. So you will achieve a complete connection of active substances, a uniform and dense distribution of the composition over the surface.

The further process of work is not much different from the technology of applying polyurethane foam. The composition is distributed through the dispenser included in the kit, or using a construction gun. If voids appear, the balloon should be shaken periodically to get rid of air gaps. Excess liquid foam after polymerization is easily cut off with a sharp knife, as is the case with polyurethane foam.

Penoizol is used not only for thermal insulation, but also as an adhesive for tile insulation (but not for mineral wool). The sequence of work in this case is as follows. We check the plates for rust and defects, if errors are detected, we eliminate them, clean the surface of dust. We thoroughly moisten the places of contact of the liquid foam with the base with water, for convenience we use a sprayer. The adhesive can be applied in two ways. The first option is the distribution of the foamy mass over the entire surface. The second - along the perimeter of the plate and diagonally. In practice, both options are used, however, in the second case, the adhesion will be lower, but the material consumption is more economical.

At the end, without waiting for drying, the plate is pressed tightly against the insulated wall. During further laying, the composition is applied not only to the base, but also to the tile joints to ensure maximum fixation. Optimal time for work with penoizol, the period from May to November is considered.

Penoizol insulation

Penoizol insulation

How is insulation done?

For example, to insulate walls in a residential building, pouring occurs through small holes and allows the installation of insulation without dismantling building structures. And for the thermal insulation of houses under construction, penoizol is pumped into the voids of the walls, without joints and seams, thereby filling all the smallest cracks and cracks in the masonry. Penoizol has been used in Russia since the 50s to this day, and in the 70s and 80s pouring was carried out en masse. In addition to insulation by pouring material, it is possible to produce insulation with ready-made foam insulation in the form of sheets or crumbs (crushed foam insulation). This type of work is usually carried out on horizontal surfaces ( interfloor ceilings, attics, floors, etc.)

Moscow, st. Bolshaya Nikitskaya.

Insulation of the roof of a historic building by pouring penoizol from the outside into the under-roof space. Moscow, st. Bolshaya Nikitskaya.

Two-story old building, early 19th century. The walls are timbered, plastered, insulated with felt from the inside. Roll pitched roof made of galvanized metal 0.5 mm thick. truss system wooden, attic floor insulated with sawdust. A vapor barrier is laid on a wooden crate. There is no roof insulation. During the operation of the building, significant heat leakage through the roof was discovered due to the lack of thermal insulation of the roofing.

It was still possible to overcome the coolness in the premises of the second floor by increasing the heating power, but freezing and failure of the expensive system automatic fire extinguishing forced to take urgent measures to insulate the roof.

It was not possible to insulate the roof from the inside due to the lack of access to the attic space occupied by the air conditioning system. Insulate the roof from the outside traditional methods it was also not possible, because no one will take apart the roofing in the middle of winter. The only possible method of roof insulation in this situation was the insulation of the roof from the outside by pouring penoizol into the under-roof space. Penoizol was poured into the ventilation gap between the crate and the counter-crate from the side of the roof overhangs around the entire perimeter of the building onto the vapor barrier layer, which in this situation performs the function of a building envelope.

To access the roof overhangs, it was necessary to use a telescopic aerial platform (installing an aerial platform in a cramped Moscow courtyard turned out to be another problem).

To fill penoizol into the under-roof space, a rigid and long PVC tube with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 7 m was used. The operator located on the aerial platform, inserting the tube into the ventilation gap, pushed it under roofing to the roof ridge. Then the supply of penoizol was turned on and the operator pulled the tube back as the under-roof space was filled.

All operations were carried out in a given sequence every 1.5 meters, along the entire perimeter of the roof overhangs.

The quality of the penoizol filling was controlled by tapping and visually, by the exits of the material through the ventilation holes. As a result of the roof insulation, the fire extinguishing system was restored, the temperature in the rooms on the second floor began to comply with the standards.

The cost of heating the building has been significantly reduced.

Moscow region, Sergiev Posad district, Bogorodskoye settlement.

Insulation of the walls of a multi-apartment 4-storey residential building. Moscow region, Sergiev Posad district, Bogorodskoye settlement.

During the construction of a residential building, the project provided for technological cavities between the walls of the building, made of cellular blocks and the outer lining of silicate bricks. The penoizol insulation was poured through holes previously drilled from the inside. Holes were drilled through the walls of cellular blocks in a checkerboard pattern, with a step of 1 meter vertically and horizontally. The drilling depth of the holes was calculated in such a way as to pass into the technological cavity without damaging the layer of the outer facing masonry. After the penoizol was poured, the holes were sealed with a non-shrinking cement composition, the inner surface of the walls was prepared for further finishing work.

Theater of Nations

Moscow, Petrovsky lane. Ancient building, 19th century.

The walls are brick, the ceilings are wooden, during the reconstruction they were replaced with reinforced concrete.

The truss system is wooden, the roof is roll pitched, made of galvanized metal 0.5 mm thick.

The roof has unglazed dormer windows.

The air temperature in the attic is almost equal to the air temperature outside.

There is no roof insulation.

The attic floor is insulated with a layer of expanded clay 100 mm thick and mineral wool 100 mm thick.

At low ambient temperatures in the autumn-winter period, the attic floor freezes through, because. insulation with expanded clay and mineral wool turned out to be insufficient for full thermal insulation of the interior. The air temperature in the rooms directly under the ceiling is much lower than the norm, which negatively affects their operation.

Insulation of the ceiling by pouring penoizol allowed us to solve several problems at once:

• Qualitatively insulate the attic floor;
• Comply with fire safety standards;
• Make the attic room exploitable.

Filling penoizol was carried out in several stages.

On the initial stage mineral wool and expanded clay were dismantled, packed in bags and manually taken out into a garbage container.

Then, a polyethylene film was laid on the surface of the overlap, with outlets along the edges. The joints of the canvases were glued with adhesive tape.

A frame made of wooden beams was assembled on the laid polyethylene film. On the wooden frame releases were started and a polyethylene film was laid.

At the next stage of work, a floor of 20 mm thick plywood sheets was laid on top of the polyethylene film in such a way that a technological cavity 200 mm wide was formed between the surface of the attic floor and the floor. Holes with a diameter of 20 mm were drilled in the plywood floor with a step of 1 m in length and width.

Filling was made through the drilled holes in the technological cavity between the floor and the ceiling. non-combustible insulation penoizol. Penoizol was poured under pressure until all cavities were completely filled.