Glue for wood: which one to choose? How to glue a tree - the choice of glue (1 photo) Which pva is better for a tree

05.11.2019

From this article you will learn:

Very often, during the repair, repair of furniture or the manufacture of any items, you have to resort to using a variety of adhesives. Today there is a wide choice of them for wood products: from products that have long earned the trust of consumers, to innovative formulations created using modern technologies. The adhesive composition for wood can be used for different purposes, for example, for fixing or combining different structures, also thanks to it, safe, insulated joints are formed that are not afraid of moisture. In order not to make a mistake when choosing an adhesive, you need to know exactly the purpose of its use. Next, we will talk in detail about waterproof wood glue.

What is waterproof wood glue

Waterproof wood glue can be used for both outdoor and indoor use. The difference is that in the first case, wood glue must be both waterproof and frost-resistant, because in our country one cannot do without resistance to cold.

If the composition does not meet such requirements, then it can only be used for work in rooms where the positive temperature is always maintained.

Any waterproof glue has increased hydrophobic properties, fixes objects more firmly. These characteristics are important if you are facing a room in which, for example, water containers are installed or simply high humidity always remains.

If your waterproof wood glue doesn't respond to cold temperatures, it's great for both outdoor and indoor applications. Due to the frost resistance and heat resistance of these compositions, you can always decorate open structures that can be frozen and flooded from time to time.

Waterproof adhesives have high adhesion, therefore they are suitable for any surfaces. So, there is a waterproof adhesive for fixing boards made of natural stone, ceramics, products from ceramic granite. As you already understood, such adhesives have a wide range of applications, since, in addition to the above, they cope with wood, ceramics, leather, vinyl, glass, plastic, cardboard in various combinations.

Do-it-yourself waterproof wood glue

There are several ways to prepare wood glue at home, but they are all based on general principle- soaking and boiling in water.

To make waterproof wood glue, we need:

granules yellow color or solid glue plates (the quality of the finished composition depends on how light the material is);
boiled water;
tile;
glue stick for cooking.

Recipe for making waterproof glue:

Option #1:

Wrap the adhesive tiles in cloth, then smash them with a hammer.
Pour the resulting crushed material with cold, always boiled water so that it completely hides the dry glue. After 4-12 hours you will get a gelatinous mass.
Put the resulting mixture in a water bath and cook for about 15 minutes at a temperature of + 60 ... + 80 ° C. Don't forget to stir constantly. As a result, all lumps should dissolve, that is, the glue will become homogeneous and liquid.
To make the composition more convenient to cook, we recommend using a special oilcloth made of two vessels. The larger one is for water and the smaller one is for glue. A small container is placed in a large one, they are put on fire together and the mixture is boiled.
You can add hot water during cooking to get the desired consistency. Remember that tenon or end joints require a thicker adhesive than plywood and other flat materials.
The readiness of waterproof wood glue is evidenced by a film that has appeared on the surface. The resulting composition should drain from the stick in a trickle, and not drip.

The oilcloth is able to maintain the temperature of the glue at +30 ... +70 ° C for one and a half to two hours without additional heating - this is very important, since wood glue is used only in a warm state. As it cools, it loses its properties, after which it may become moldy or begin to rot.

Option #2:

Mix glue and water in equal proportions.
Boil the composition, then rub the resulting mass.
Put the mixture on a plate and cut into pieces.
Before the beginning repair work dissolve the resulting workpiece in a mixture of water and vodka and boil.
There is another option: in the process of preparing the composition, add table vinegar to the water and glue, and when the powder is completely dissolved, pour in vodka.

To achieve new properties, various components are introduced into the waterproof wood glue. So, if you mix the dry powder with linseed oil or drying oil, it will be possible to increase the resistance of the glue line to moisture. If it is necessary to glue leather elements, glycerin is added.

Remember that when room temperature the glue retains the required consistency for up to two hours, after which it gradually thickens. Although this is not scary - the composition can be heated. However, we advise you to prepare exactly the amount of wood glue that you need, so you will greatly simplify your work.

How to choose ready-made waterproof wood glue

Modern manufacturers offer a large selection of adhesive compositions with various properties: water resistance, heat resistance, slow / fast hardening, long shelf life from the moment of preparation, etc. There are also such adhesives, due to which the adhesive layer is so resistant that it is stronger than wood. Let us dwell on the most popular types of adhesive.

Animal glues have traditionally been favored by carpenters and have been used in carpentry for a long time. As the name implies, such compositions are made on the basis of animal skins and bones.
Hot melt adhesives look like cylindrical sticks designed to be used in special hot glue guns. Such compositions are indispensable when working with templates and models, because they need no more than a few seconds to harden.
PVA is a polyvinyl acetate emulsion that hardens when dried or penetrates deep into the wood. The positive features of this adhesive are non-toxicity, unlimited shelf life, moisture resistance and transparency after drying. Furniture manufacturers appreciate PVA, so they often use it in production.
Urea-formaldehyde adhesives are also waterproof formulations. They fill the cavities well and harden as a result of a chemical reaction. Glue is sold in the form of a powder, which must be mixed with water and applied to the required areas. Another subspecies of such adhesives is two-component formulations that use a liquid hardener. Then, when gluing, one surface is smeared with a hardener, and the second with glue combined with water.
Contact types of glue form a thin seam between the parts. First, such a composition seizes two surfaces, after which it quickly connects them together. This variety is convenient for sticking melamine coating on table tops, while other types are used for working with veneer. The only downside is the bad smell.
Epoxy adhesives consist of a pair of components: resin and hardener, which must be mixed in a certain ratio. After the mixture hardens, durable insoluble transparent seams are obtained. Such compositions can be attributed to waterproof wood adhesives, so they are chosen if the product to be glued is constantly exposed to high humidity.

Modern waterproof wood adhesives have many advantages and can be used in various areas. Thanks to the extensive range, you can always choose a product of excellent quality that is suitable for your needs. If we compare the adhesive compositions on the market today with those that were sold before, then the first ones have greater resistance to temperature extremes, air humidity, harden faster, are more durable - and these are only their main advantages.

In Europe and Russia, the DIN EN 204 standard is used to determine the water resistance of adhesive joints. It assumes the following classification and operating conditions for adhesive joints:

D1 - indoors at temperatures up to +50 °C (short-term increase is acceptable). Glue D1 is designed for wood with a moisture content of up to 15%.
D2 - for operation in rooms with short exposure to water or condensate, due to which the moisture content of the material increases to 18%.
D3 - For outdoor use with short exposure to water. Adhesives of this category are not afraid of fluctuations in humidity levels.
D4 - for indoor and outdoor use. The adhesive seam is able to cope with the destructive effects of the external environment, however, manufacturers recommend covering it with an additional protective layer if the product is intended to be used outdoors.

The table below will help you choose an adhesive for specific tasks:

How to work with waterproof wood glue

Training

Before gluing any lumber, make sure the surface is smooth and free of dust, dirt or grease.

There are two ways to clean up a wooden surface: for the first, you will need sandpaper with grains of different fractions (depending on the state of the surface), and for the second, ordinary glass.

Emery must be wound on wooden block or, as it is also called, "rusk" - such homemade tool comfortable to hold in the hand, which simplifies the grinding of parts. However, it should be understood that this method is intended for relatively smooth elements. If you need to remove a thicker layer, a piece of glass with a smooth edge will come in handy, because the latter perfectly removes a layer of wood.

If the lumber was stained with oil, grease or paint, then after scraping they are treated with any solvent. It is worth noting that it is better not to glue the part into which the oil has strongly eaten, as you will not achieve normal adhesion.

Another rule that is important to consider when using waterproof glue for wood, namely PVA: the moisture content of the wood at this moment cannot be more than 12-14%. The fact is that water reduces or even nullifies the adhesion of elements.

Regardless of which waterproof wood glue you choose, it is necessary to press the parts after gluing. However, not with any shape of the elements, it is possible to use a press, therefore, clamps are used for compression. They can be made of metal or plastic, and their arms are made of a material similar to parachute lines. Their help is often resorted to during the manufacture of frames.

In fact, pressing parts is not such an easy task. After all, wood is capable of deforming, and it may take much longer to ensure a snug fit than all sorts of instructions promise. So, a wooden tabletop must be kept in a compressed state for at least five hours, otherwise the deformed board will destroy the connection.

Gluing

1. Cold bonding of wood.

With this method, the mixture does not heat up. You will need:

glue;
clamp;
wims;
special clamps.

Let us immediately clarify that clamps are cold pressing equipment designed for gluing parts from a bar, frame, panel. For cold bonding, adhesive compositions based on PVAD are used. Since this adhesive is water-based, it does not take long to soak into the material, as a result you quickly get a reliable connection. Such a waterproof wood glue hardens in 15-25 minutes, after which the product must be kept under pressure for an hour.

2. Hot bonding of wood.

This technology is best suited for bonding thin sheets. The adhesive is heated by electricity or steam, and then hardens after 30-40 seconds.

The presses used for gluing wood are divided into the following types:

by the location of the shield: inclined, horizontal, vertical;
according to the drive used: electromechanical, manual, hydraulic, pneumatic;
according to the mode of operation: positional and through-type;
by type of heating: steam, electric, HDTV, water.

For hot gluing, glue is applied to the parts, they are placed in presses, where wood elements spend no more than five minutes. Note that the glue completely hardens already outside the pressing equipment.

To achieve a high-quality, reliable connection of wooden elements, both inexpensive PVA (you can even work with them at home) and professional polyurethane waterproof wood adhesives of well-known brands are quite suitable. With the help of the latter, it is possible to achieve a strong and durable connection of parts in industrial scale, also similar compositions facilitate the process of creating furniture and other wooden products for craftsmen.

Where to buy quality waterproof wood adhesives

JSC Raduga has been operating since 1991 (former Tsentrmebelkomplekt, Decor-1). The company was organized to supply raw materials to enterprises that are part of ZAO Tsentromebel.

Today, the company's permanent business partners are not only Russian manufacturers, but also leading companies from Germany, Austria, France, Italy, Switzerland, Finland, Poland, and Sweden. Our office is located in the center of Moscow, as well as our own warehouse complex with a showroom of 200 m².

In our warehouses, located in the near suburbs of Moscow, there is always a large selection of raw materials, materials and components for the production of furniture and joinery. The assortment includes more than 300 types of varnishes and 400 types of dyes, emphasis is placed on the sale of varnishes and dyes with a dry residue.

At the request of customers, our team produces polyurethane enamels in almost all colors in one or two days. We offer adhesives from five leading European manufacturers, natural veneer and lumber - more than 60 types of common, exotic and exclusive species. There is always a front and mounting hardware available - more than 4,000 items from manufacturers from Europe: Austria, Poland, Germany, etc.

Every month we process requests from more than 1800 clients. These include both large furniture factories and private entrepreneurs.

Deliveries of goods are carried out throughout Russia. Our company delivers goods in Moscow free of charge. Products are shipped by car in all regions of Russia.

Our firm takes the training of its own specialists seriously. Managers systematically undergo internships in those engaged in production finishing materials firms in Germany, Italy, Austria, Finland. Employees of our company provide technical assistance to customers.

We invite you to cooperate on mutually beneficial terms! We value our customers and try to find an individual approach to each customer.

Specialists working with wood know that the glue for this material must be reliable, durable, waterproof. Moreover, non-toxicity and versatility, as well as cost, play a big role. As you can see, there are many factors influencing the choice of the buyer. But, how can an ignorant person determine which glue to choose so that the acquisition meets all the requirements? Considering what is offered on the market today the widest range, it is difficult for a potential consumer to make right choice. Therefore, in order not to be mistaken with the purchase of wood glue, it is necessary to study the features of this material.

How to glue wood?

The retail network offers a wide variety of wood adhesives, which have individual characteristics and characteristic differences. The most popular types of wood adhesives:

PVA. Everyone is familiar with this composition from childhood. It perfectly glues wood surfaces, it takes 24 hours for final drying.
Adhesive compositions BF. The main advantage is high strength and durability. It takes no more than an hour to dry completely. If necessary, accelerate the solidification process, the mixture can be heated.
Water Resistant Wood Adhesive – t It contains one component that is suitable for bonding any type of wood.
Adhesive syndeticone composition. Before use, it is required to heat and wait for the swelling of the composition. The time of complete drying is at least a day.

The best glue for wood, which is widely used among the people - "Moment".
If necessary, use a moisture-resistant adhesive, epoxy is recommended, which exhibits high resistance to oily compounds.
The best material for wood splicing is Kleiberit. It is waterproof, reliably connects the layers of wood.
The composition based on polyurethane allows you to fill the structure of the tree, creating a complete product.
Casein glue is waterproof and resistant to heat.

Characteristics

One of the most common adhesive compositions is pva glue for wood. It is non-toxic, absolutely safe material with an unlimited shelf life. PVA is easily applied to the surface, securely connects the wood. This type of adhesive is used in furniture production. However, you need to know that PVA has low water resistance and moisture resistance. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it for gluing materials that are supposed to be used in damp rooms and outdoors.

For a reliable connection of wood on adhesives, compositions from the BF series are often used. These types of adhesives have frost resistance, elasticity. Thanks to these characteristics, BF adhesives can be used by hand for outdoor work, as well as for joining wood with metal, glass, and plastics. BF formulations should be applied to a previously cleaned and degreased surface. The initial layer, which acts as a primer, is left to dry for an hour. After that, a second layer is applied and the two halves of the product to be glued are connected, and left until completely dry.

Syndeticone glue is an excellent tool for bonding wood to other materials. This composition includes dry wood glue, slaked lime and sugar. It has high strength characteristics and resistance to atmospheric influences.

The adhesive composition based on polyurethane is very popular because it exhibits high resistance to temperature extremes, humidity, and is suitable for gluing hardwoods.

Today, more and more often, do-it-yourself woodworking professionals use wood glue. It is versatile, heat resistant, durable low temperatures. The composition of the mounting adhesive includes water-based acrylic, which indicates its safety for environment.

Casein glue is moisture resistant. It is excellent for gluing wood, paper, fabrics, cardboard, leather. To obtain an adhesive composition, casein powder should be mixed with water and brought to a state of sour cream. To achieve the desired consistency, the composition must be mixed for an hour. After that, the mixture can be applied to the surfaces and, after a five minute exposure, they can be joined. When using casein glue for gluing wood products, you need to remember that this composition leaves stains on the surface. Therefore, you need to work with it very carefully.

Summing up, we see that there are many adhesive compositions for gluing wood. Choosing suitable look adhesive, water resistance, versatility, reliability and resistance to temperature extremes should be considered. If you want to splice wood, the best choice is Kleiberite. In other cases, you can use PVA, BF, Moment.

Compound
Mezdrovy
Isinglass
Bone
casein
moisture resistant
How to prepare a mixture
Titebond
Moment
Titanium
Selection rules

Joiner's glue is intended for joining parts made of paper, cardboard, wooden planks, bars, hardboard. The material is inexpensive, safe, has a natural composition.

Compound

The basis of wood glue, the main agent is animal protein.

According to the type of raw material there is glue:

mezdrovy,
fish,
bone,
casein,
polyvinyl acetate (PVA),
moisture resistant.

For carpentry, all types are used.

Mezdrovy

The main active ingredient is obtained by processing the skin of animals. Protein - subcutaneous layer without fatty tissue. It contains oligopeptides. They contain cysteine, which forms bridges-ligaments for reliable connection of parts.

Mezdrovy joiner's glue is produced in the form of:

powder,
tiles,
scales.

Isinglass

For the production of fish glue, fins, scales, and swim bladders are used. It turns out a solution suitable for gluing identical and dissimilar surfaces. The only drawback is the high price. Produce glue in the form of dry scales and granules.

Bone

Made from animal bones. The composition contains:

collagen,
gelatin,
cysteine.

These substances are viscous, reliably glue the surfaces of wooden products. The price of the material is low. You should choose transparent formulations: they are better than crude, cloudy, with impurities.

casein

Includes:

casein,
kerosene,
blue vitriol,
sodium fluoride,
hydrated lime.

Disadvantages:

Significant shrinkage in volume.
Changing the color of bonded surfaces.
The short shelf life of the prepared solution is several hours.

Holds wood parts well.

Raw materials for the preparation of casein adhesive solution are produced in the form of a dry powder.

PVA

PVA glue is used in carpentry and other areas. The solution is sold ready-made.

Characteristics:

elasticity,
secure grip,
transparent layer,
stability of the finished seam.

PVA adhesives differ in properties. Some are water-resistant, quick-drying.

moisture resistant

A waterproof mortar for gluing wood can be prepared from slaked lime and freshly curdled cottage cheese. The components are mixed in certain proportions to a working consistency.

How to prepare a mixture

To prepare the working material, ready-made grain, dry powders, tiles, granules are taken. They are carefully crushed, bred warm water according to instructions. Waiting for the active components to swell. Then use. Store in a hermetically sealed container. All formulations, except for casein, retain sticky properties for several days.

The cooking method is written in the instructions on the package.. Different manufacturers of mixtures may vary in composition. Consistency matters. In the description of a specific adhesive, the required amount of water is indicated. It is designed to obtain a mixture of a certain viscosity. If you need more to work liquid material, the liquid is added in small portions, each time the paste is thoroughly mixed.

Before gluing the surfaces to each other, they are cleaned and degreased. Then a thin layer of the solution is applied to one of the parts, the planes are pressed. To increase the effect, a load is installed on top, it does not allow the workpieces to disperse. Bonding occurs in 2-3 hours, drying - in 2-3 days. Exact term and the terms are set out in technical specifications each composition.

Modern adhesives based on synthetic

Ready-made adhesives of industrial production are often used: Titebond, "Moment", "Titan".

Titebond (from 200 rubles, 0.296 liters)

Adhesive for wood Titebond American company Franklin International is used in the manufacture of plywood furniture, floor coverings made of wood, in the finishing works wooden products. The composition includes synthetic and natural polymers without solvents. This allows you to get excellent adhesion of surfaces without damaging them.

Titebond II Premium Carpentry Adhesive is a high quality replacement for traditional wood and paper bonding compounds. It is used in the production of door and window blocks, frames, furniture assembly. This is a composition with a high level of moisture resistance, it can be used for outdoor work, assembling external door and window fillings, attaching decorations to a wooden facade.

Bonding strength reaches the strength of wood. The connection remains intact for many years.

Moment (from 300 rubles)

Joiner's glue "Moment Super PVA D3" manufactured by Henkel has a Soviet analogue - DF51 / 15V. This is a good waterproof adhesive used for gluing paper, cardboard, plywood, and other materials of wood origin.

PVA waterproof is added as a plasticizing agent to concrete solutions to increase the plasticity and water resistance of the working mass, the finished stone. Connection with cement mortar increases adhesion to the surface covered with a coupler or a tile.

The letter D in the name indicates the degree of resistance of the material to water, 3 - a sufficient level. 4 - higher class, used for special work, expensive.

Titanium (from 200 rubles for 500 ml)

Glue "Titan" is universal, reliably glues:

plastics,
glass,
paper,
wood.

It is often used for the manufacture of various wooden products.

"Titanium Universal" is a quick-drying adhesive suitable for working with wooden surfaces. It quickly gains strength, reliably connects surfaces without damage, and becomes transparent.

Adhesive mastic is suitable for finishing work, gluing wooden beams, boards, sockets.

Liquid nails are also compatible with wood and can be used for finishing and decorative elements.

Selection rules

Necessary:

Take into account the scope and specifics of work. When processing a large number wood, it is better to give preference to powder semi-finished products because of their low price.
Pay attention to the characteristics, select the solution according to physical properties.
Find the right consistency glue.
Carefully read the information on the label, get acquainted with product reviews.

All photos from the article

The thorn + groove connection is a wonderful invention of mankind, thanks to it, it does not lose its functionality for decades. But there is one "but"! Wood is a natural material, therefore, it has the ability to shrink.

As a result of this, the parts quickly leave their nests and strive to fall off at every inconvenience. To prevent this, man invented adhesive compositions. Moreover, there are so many of them that it is sometimes difficult to choose. Today's instruction is about adhesive mixtures.

Glue - principles of choice

When choosing an adhesive, a very important role is played by where and with what loads this or that part will be used, what are the operating conditions. For example, in the kitchen, the glue must be resistant to moisture and steam; in the furniture in the rooms, this condition is not necessary.

The selection principles can be summarized as follows:

a minimum set of preparatory actions;
glue should be easy to use;
the effect of gluing and the possibility of use comes quickly.

Our Help! The preparation of the surfaces to be glued is the same for the application of any type of glue, and the full operation of the product is possible after 24 hours after gluing.

Part preparation

Regardless of the choice of glue, the preparation for the process is the same everywhere.

The instruction says:

surfaces to be glued must be sanded to eliminate streaks of old glue;
after sanding, the surfaces are degreased with any solvent;
after drying the parts, you can apply the adhesive composition.

That's all the instructions. It remains only to choose the glue and carry out the process itself.

Choosing glue

When visiting a store, the main criterion for choosing glue, like any product, is the price, but in this case we will be interested in other components of success - reliability, application technique, working conditions:

PVA wood glue is an emulsion that contains polyvinyl acetate, some water and additional additives. The mixture is non-toxic, and is used even in the food industry. Schoolchildren use this particular composition for the design of applications and the production of papier-mâché.

The film formed by PVA has a good strength, is not brittle, although it is washed off well by many solvents. The application technique is simple: the composition is applied with a brush to one of the surfaces to be glued, then the parts are pressed and left under compression for a while. Works are carried out at an air temperature not lower than 6 degrees Celsius, humidity - not higher than 80%.

Quick Dry Compounds. There are a lot of them. The positive qualities of this composition is that at the usual recommended consumption during application, the parts to be glued are pressed with force for 45-60 seconds. Hardening occurs in an hour or two. But there are reservations right there - if the gaps are minimal, if the ambient temperature is not lower than 6 degrees Celsius, etc.

Advice! When choosing a quick-drying wood glue, keep in mind that the compositions themselves are quite aggressive and, in addition to general safety precautions when working with these products, be prepared for the fact that many products of this line change the color of the wood at the points of application and joining.

Epoxy resin. This set is very revealing. If you want a good result, with a guarantee that the products can be used even outdoors, then use a two-component wood glue. Two components of the composition - resin and hardener initially come in two different containers, since their mixture is able not only to harden, but also to withstand temperature fluctuations in the corridor of 180 degrees Celsius, from -30 to +150 degrees.

Note! The hardened resin does not react to technical oils and solvents, it is removed only mechanically, therefore this composition does not accept a second chance. And one more thing, the instructions for use describe the proportions of the use of ingredients.

In order to make sure of their viability, conduct a small experiment: in a small container, for example, a cap from plastic bottle add both compositions according to the described method. If curing occurs as described within the specified time, then the mixtures can be used.

Separately, I would like to highlight contact glue for wood. Its main application is gluing wooden lamellas to the floor. Other types of adhesive mixtures can be used, but the contact mixture was designed in such a way that the seam between the parts was elastic, and the wooden parts did not tear apart under different loads in different areas, and the single coating was not broken.

Considering that this composition is applied over large areas, the developers have provided for the possibility of applying glue with their own hands, as well as using sprayers.

Pros and cons. There are two criteria on the market today that are designed to attract a buyer: super glue for wood and professional glue for wood. It is assumed that these compositions do not just connect parts in the minimum time with the maximum warranty period, they are used specifically for professional, almost conveyor use. Practice often shows the opposite effect, and wood glue, without any advertising, copes with the task much better.

Silicone glue for wood. To be more precise, it is, which is intended for external and internal use. The composition is applied using a special gun by extrusion. These compositions have a stated period of use of up to 20 years.

Finally

Joiner's glue involves not just connecting parts, but also the possibility of using the item for its intended purpose. The video in this article has prepared an overview of these mixtures, if you have questions, you can ask them in the comments.

Casein glue for wood used for gluing paper, cardboard, fabric and leather to wood. This is a very waterproof adhesive. To prepare the glue, you need to mix the powder (casein) with cold water until the consistency of sour cream, you need to mix the glue for about an hour. Then the glue is applied to both surfaces and allowed to dry for five minutes, after which they are connected. Glue sets in 6-8 hours, and dries completely in about 20. Using casein glue for wood it should be remembered that it leaves stains on the wood, therefore it must be applied carefully.

Glue paste.

One of the types of glue for wood. Making pasta is very easy. To do this, mix hot wood glue with sifted ash or chalk. Use glue paste for priming and puttying wood materials, as well as for gluing wooden parts, at the connection of which there are gaps of more than 0.2 millimeters. Also, with the help of glue paste, wood is glued to metal, glass and stone.

And now we bring to your attention a video on how to properly glue wood. Happy viewing!

Irina Zheleznyak, Correspondent of the online publication "AtmWood. Wood-Industrial Bulletin"