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Upholstered furniture occupies about 15% of the entire furniture market, and its production is quite an attractive niche, especially for small and medium-sized businesses.

What is the reason for such popularity?

First, the manufacture of upholstered furniture is increasingly gaining form "manufacturing to order". If it is difficult for private entrepreneurs to compete with large enterprises for the production of cabinet furniture and solid wood products, then it is quite realistic for the production of small batches of upholstered furniture (of course, in terms of profitability of the business, and not its volumes - here the factories are out of competition).

Secondly - Most of the work in production is done by hand. and therefore no expensive equipment is required.

Thirdly - small business adapts more flexibly to fashion trends and changing consumer tastes. If it takes about three months for a factory to reconfigure a new model, a small business can refocus in a matter of days. Various wood materials, as well as upholstery, exotic colors, masterful imitations of expensive fabrics - on such “bricks” of exclusivity, an experienced entrepreneur can build a profitable business with the prospect of further expansion.

What is "upholstered furniture"?

In fact, there is no such term in any standard or normative and technical documentation. There is furniture designed for sitting and lying, which include:

• sofa,
• armchair,
• chair,
• couch,
• couch,
• bench,
• deck chair.

Many of the above types of furniture can be both hard and soft seated (such as the same sofa or chair), and they all fall into the category of seating and lying furniture. But in the "unrecognized", but well-known variety upholstered furniture- only items with softness elements: springs, pillows, various fillers.

Market analysis of upholstered furniture

An assessment of consumer demand shows that wealthy buyers purchase new sofas and armchairs at least once every 3-4 years. But at the same time, 60% of the domestic upholstered furniture market is occupied by products of the middle price range, and premium class furniture - only 13%. This is due to the fact that buyers of expensive furniture prefer branded imported products.

The trends of today's upholstered furniture market are as follows:

1. Most entrepreneurs prefer to work on individual orders, production "on stream" is gradually becoming obsolete. The buyer is not interested in a product that can be found in every third furniture store - today the originality of design plays a leading role, which is sometimes inferior even to operational properties (a typical example is white upholstered furniture or sofas with silk upholstery);
2. For the successful operation of the production of upholstered furniture, sufficiently large working capital is needed (with a relatively low cost of production equipment). They are needed for the purchase and storage of a large assortment and quantity of fabrics, other upholstery material for quick order fulfillment. This is because it is not always possible to withdraw money from circulation - funds can be frozen in the form of finished products for the period of the furniture “off season”;
3. According to the experience of existing manufacturers, sales through stores show the following result: out of 1000 pieces put up for sale, about 200-250 are sold.
4. You should count on the sale of goods in the region in which the production workshop is located - most upholstered furniture products (primarily sofas) cannot be transported disassembled. Delivery to remote regions will be expensive, which will significantly affect the competitiveness and sale price of the product (which is why there are practically no imported furniture in the low and medium price range in Russia - it is profitable to supply only premium class products).
5. Our compatriots traditionally prefer upholstered furniture with transforming mechanisms(in the West, the situation is opposite - the sofas for the living room do not fold out). The most popular transformer models: eurobook and dolphin.

Technological process of production of upholstered furniture

Consider the production of sofas

Consider, for example, the manufacture of the most popular and technologically complex representative of the category "upholstered furniture" - sofa. Unlike armchairs, chairs and other furniture, it is supposed to use a transforming mechanism that turns the sofa into a bed.

So, all sofas have a common component structure:

• frame - the main structural element on which the rest of the sofa is attached. It performs the main strength functions in the operation of furniture, is the basis for fastening the remaining parts during the formation appearance and giving softness;
• elements of "elasticity" (soft fillers and spring blocks);
• transformation mechanism;
• cover with upholstery fabric.

Manufacturing technology:

1) In the carpentry shop, plywood and boards are sawn into wooden blanks, which are assembled here in the frame of future upholstered furniture.

Procurement operations go through the following stages:

• On a trimming machine, lumber (plywood) is cut to length;
• On a circular saw, plywood is cut in width;
• The resulting part is ground on a four-sided machine, after which the tenoning machine cuts out spikes and eyes in it;
• Cut out with hand tools internal details from plates (fiberboard, chipboard);
• The transformation mechanism is attached (for folding sofas);
• The base frame is assembled.

2) Finished frames go to the upholstery shop, where they are glued with foam rubber and fired with upholstery. To start on wooden base, a special nonwoven fabric – darnite. This helps to avoid knocks and squeaks during the operation of the finished product.

3) Softness elements are installed - spring blocks that perform orthopedic function. Blocks are fixed evenly around the entire perimeter and in the central part

4) Along the perimeter of the block glued foam, which eliminates the possibility of contact with a solid frame frame

5) On top of the spring block glued dense woven material, which prevents the block springs from abrasion of the overlying layer of gasket material.

6) Most often used as a gasket material spangon, foam rubber or coconut coir.

Spangon and foam rubber(secondary foaming) - more cheap option, but after a year or two of active operation, such a sofa begins to “sag” and fail.

coconut coir- a more rigid and durable material that will last about 7-8 years.

7) After the cushioning material, there is another element of softness - foam rubber 40 mm high, density - 35-42. Between the foam rubber and the upholstery, it is necessary to install a synthetic winterizer, which will allow the foam rubber to “breathe”

8) The sewing shop uses equipment to work with any kind of trim - from faux fur to genuine leather. Here, the upholstery fabric for future sofas is cut, which is “shooted” to the multilayer base in the upholstery shop.

9) Here sew covers for certain elements of upholstered furniture(pillows, backrests, armrests, seats). They are “dressed” on a base frame with a glued soft filler - foam rubber, padding polyester.

10) After the control assembly and finishing, the product is packed using polyethylene, cardboard and sent to the warehouse of finished products.

Business plan for opening an enterprise for the production of upholstered furniture

1) Legal form of the enterprise

To start the production of upholstered furniture ( for example - sofas) it was decided to organize an enterprise with the legal form of ownership of LLC on the general taxation system.

For the manufacture of upholstered furniture and its subsequent sale, the charter must indicate the following OKVED activity codes:

• 36.14 - Manufacture of other furniture,
• 51.47.11 Wholesale of furniture,
• 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture.

2) Certification and GOST

The production of upholstered furniture does not require a license, but in order for the product to receive a quality certificate, the manufacturing technology must comply with the following GOSTs:

• 19917-93 Furniture for sitting and lying. Specifications.
• 16371-93 Furniture. General specifications.
• 21640-91 Furniture for sitting and lying. soft elements. Method for determining softness.
• 19120-93 Furniture for sitting and lying. Sofa beds, sofas, chair beds, lounge chairs, couches, ottomans, benches, banquettes. Test methods.
• 13025.2-85 Household furniture. Functional dimensions of furniture for sitting and lying.

3) Necessary equipment for launching the production of upholstered furniture

For the operation of the production workshop, it is necessary to purchase the following equipment:

• Combined machine KSM 1A for woodworking - 20,000 rubles;
• Multi-saw edger TsDK-5 - 31,800 rubles;
• Lathe - 8500 rubles;
• Trimming machine (TsKB-40) - 21,000 rubles;
• Circular saw - 19,900 rubles;
• Grinding (four-sided) machine - 38,000 rubles;
• Milling machine with a tenoning carriage - 14,800 rubles;
• Drying equipment - 11,000 rubles;
• Pneumatic clamps - 4,500 rubles;
• Hand power tools (drills, hammers, screwdrivers) - 10,000 rubles;
• Cutting tables (2 pieces) - 8000 rubles;
• Sewing machine class 1022 - 5800 rubles;
• Sighting pistols: 2 pneumatic steppers for attaching fabric - 2500 rubles. and a pneumatic gun for attaching spring blocks - 1300 rubles;
• Cutting tool (scissors, knives) - 2000 rubles;
• Measuring and marking materials (rulers, goniometers, folding rules, etc.) - 500 rubles.

Total: 199,600 rubles.

For the operation of the office and warehouse, it is planned to purchase auxiliary equipment:

• Office equipment (computer, laptop, printer, modeling program - "furniture designer");
• Office furniture (tables, chairs, safe, exhibition stands);
• Warehouse furniture (tables, chairs, closed and open shelving).

Total - 88,000 rubles.

Total fixed assets: 287,600 rubles.

4) Premises for the production workshop

To accommodate an enterprise for the production of upholstered furniture, it was decided to rent a production workshop with an area of ​​450 m 2 at a price of 180 rubles / m 2. The basic requirements for the premises are standard for a workshop for the manufacture of any wooden furniture: three-phase electricity, humidity control, availability of access roads, heating and other communications.

The room will be divided as follows:

• material warehouse (with a compartment for drying boards) - 50 m 2;
• carpentry shop - 80 m 2;
• sewing and upholstery shop - 70 m 2;
• assembly and packing shop - 50 m 2;
• warehouse for finished products - 100 m 2;
• office - 30 m 2;
• exhibition hall - 70 m2

Total: rental price per month: 450 m 2 * 180 rubles = 81,000 rubles.

5) Personnel for upholstered furniture enterprise

• director - 30,000 rubles;
• accountant - 15,000 rubles;
• designer-acceptor of orders - 15,000 rubles;
• sales manager - 15,000 rubles;
• production master - 20,000 rubles;
• 2 workers in the carpentry shop (joiners-assemblers) - 30,000 rubles;
• seamstress-cutter - 10,000 rubles;
• a worker in an upholstery shop - 15,000 rubles;
• 2 auxiliary workers - 16,000 rubles.

Salary Fund: 166,000 rubles / month.

6) Production plan

At the initial stage, it is planned to manufacture 100 sofas per month. In the future, the number of products will increase in accordance with custom agreements, and the assortment range will be replenished with folding chairs and furniture sets (sofa + 2 chairs).

Having studied the sales prices and types of sofas of similar designs in the shops of the region, it was decided to focus on the original tapestry fabric with multi-color embroidery, which will suit any interior.

7) Calculation of the consumption of materials and raw materials

Calculation of the consumption of materials and raw materials for the manufacture of a unit of production (soft sofa):

• plywood - 1 m 2 * 59 rubles = 59 rubles;
• edged board - 0.08 m 3 * 600 rubles = 48 rubles;
• Fiberboard - 2 sheets * 70 rubles = 140 rubles;
• nails - 0.7 kg * 12 rubles = 8.40 rubles;
• bolts - 0.5 kg * 20 rubles = 10 rubles;
• screws - 0.2 kg * 20 rubles = 4 rubles;
• tapestry - 8.4 running meters * 220 rubles = 1848 rubles;
• threads - 0.1b * 6 rubles = 0.60 rubles;
• glue - 0.2 kg * 15 rubles = 3 rubles;
• cardboard - 2 kg * 12 rubles = 24 rubles;
• polyethylene - 13 m 2 * 9 = 117 rubles;
• foam rubber - 0.3 kg * 45 rubles = 13.50;
• batting - 4 p.m. * 28 rubles = 112 rubles;
• accessories - 30 rubles;
• pillows - 6 pieces * 80 rubles = 480 rubles;
• fabric 1 m * 90 rubles = 90 rubles.

Total: 2987.50 RUB

8) Calculation of other material costs:

• advertising costs - 30,000 rubles;
• payment for water supply - 82.23 m3 * 5.3 rubles = 440.00 rubles;
• electricity - 2191 kW / h * 0.25 rubles = 547.75 rubles;
• production runoff - 61.9 m 3 * 20 rubles = 1238 rubles;
• heating - 4.099 Gcal * 102.47 rubles = 420.02 rubles;
• payment for security and alarm - 1700 rubles;
• telephone and Internet - 3100 rubles;
• payroll taxes - 62,250 rubles;
• depreciation - 14,380 rubles.

Total: 114,075.77 rubles / month.

9) Cost and sale price

Cost calculation for 1 product = (Material costs for 1 product + labor costs + other costs) / quantity of products

Cost price \u003d (2987.5 rubles * 100 pieces + 166,000 rubles + 114,075.77 rubles) / 100 pieces \u003d 5788.26 rubles.

Selling price \u003d cost of 1 product + profit margin (25%) \u003d 7235.33 rubles

10) Calculation of the projected net profit and payback period for the production of upholstered furniture

Monthly revenue - 100 pieces * 7235.33 rubles = 723,533 rubles;

Costs per month (material + salary + other costs) = 2987.5 rubles * 100 pieces + 166,000 rubles + 114,075.77 rubles = 578,825.77 rubles

Income taxes - (Revenue - Costs) * 20% \u003d 28,941.45 rubles.

Net profit (Revenue - Costs - Taxes) = 115,765.78 rubles

Profitability of production - 25%

ROI = Net Income / Capital Costs = 4 Months

* Calculations use average data for Russia

1 132 000₽

Minimum starting capital

40%

Profitability

8 months

Payback

519 560 ₽

Net profit

The goal of the project is to create a furniture production for the sale of wooden furniture products in a city with a population of 500-800 thousand people.

To implement the business idea of ​​a furniture manufacturing enterprise, production facilities are rented in the industrial area of ​​the city. total area premises - 350 m2, on which production workshops and a sales office are located.

The target audience is middle-income families who renew their furniture every 3 years and prefer unique, high-quality furniture made from natural materials. The price segment is medium.

Key Benefits of a Furniture Manufacturing Business:

relatively small amount of capital investments;

the furniture produced is classified as a general consumer product, which ensures a wide target audience;

The profitability of a furniture manufacturing business can reach 300%.

The volume of initial investments in the production of furniture is 1,132,000 rubles. Investment costs are aimed at repairing the premises, purchasing equipment, equipping the office, the initial purchase of raw materials and the formation of working capital. Own funds will be used to implement the project.

Financial calculations cover a three-year period of operation of the project for the production of furniture. It is planned that after this period the institution will need to expand its production and product range.

The net monthly profit of the project for the production of furniture upon reaching the planned sales volumes will be 519,560 rubles. Return on sales in the first year of operation will be 25%. Upon reaching these indicators, the initial investment will pay off in the eighth month of operation. Integral project performance indicators are presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Key performance indicators of the projectfor the production of furniture

Profitability of furniture production

The active growth of housing construction and the number of purchase and sale transactions in the residential real estate market led to an increase in demand for furniture. The purchase of a new home is always associated with the need to purchase furniture. It is possible to notice these trends by comparing the dynamics of housing commissioning and the volume of the furniture market - the peak falls on 2014, after which a decrease in both indicators followed, which is associated with the crisis. By monitoring the performance of the construction market, it is possible to predict the situation in the furniture industry.

The active stage of development of the furniture market falls on 2011-2014 - it is during this period that the volume of the furniture market increases. The sharp drop in volumes in 2015 was due to two trends at once: first, a decrease in effective demand; and secondly, a sharp fluctuation exchange rate which contributed to the displacement of foreign suppliers from the market.

As of 2014, the share of furniture from abroad was about 65% of the total sales. According to the results of 2015 alone, furniture imports decreased by 45.8%. According to marketers of the largest furniture retailers, IKEA and Hoff, by the beginning of 2018 the share of the domestic manufacturer in the furniture market will reach 70%. This forecast opens the prospect for business development in this segment.

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For example, at the end of 2016, the real volume of the furniture production market continues to decline, but in nominal terms it remains at the same level, which is due to an increase in furniture prices. According to statistics, furniture prices increased by 19.14% - the highest growth rate in the last 7 years. Thus, there is a decrease in the qualitative growth of the furniture market.

The crisis also affected the structure of the furniture market. The most significant changes affected the segment of office furniture and bedroom furniture. The first trend is explained by the cost optimization of companies in difficult times. The second trend is justified by the fact that bedroom furniture is the least needed in a home setting. The smallest effect of the crisis is observed in the segment of kitchen and living room furniture, as well as upholstered furniture. Consequently, the most promising segment of the furniture market is the economy class, which feels more confident even in times of crisis.

The furniture market is one of the least consolidated retail segments. The top 10 furniture retailers account for 1/3 of the entire market, and the leaders' revenue growth rates in 2015 exceeded the growth of the market as a whole. The permanent leader in the Russian furniture market is IKEA, which occupies 22% of the entire market. The annual revenue growth rate was 14.7%. Experts predict a further increase in the share of large retailers, which will reach 40%.

At the same time, the Russian furniture market is characterized by a high level of competition. As of 2017, the Furniture of Russia catalog includes more than 14,000 companies, 5,000 of which are direct manufacturers.

The highest density of furniture production is observed in the Central and Volga federal districts- about ¼ of the total number of manufacturers is concentrated there. In other regions, the volume of retail sales significantly exceeds the volume of own production. At the same time, it is more profitable for furniture manufacturers to sell their products within the region, which reduces transaction costs.

In cities with a population of more than 800 thousand people, various large retailers are represented, which is very difficult to compete with. In cities with a population of less than 500 thousand people, there are no network players and delivery in many online stores, which narrows the choice of the buyer and reduces the level of competition.

Another parameter of the furniture market is the trade format. According to surveys conducted at the end of 2016, every fifth resident ordered furniture from an online store. In the first half of 2016, online sales increased by almost 47% and reached RUB 974 million, which is 12.5% ​​of total market sales. Almost half of the furniture chains have their own websites, but not all of them have an online sale function. Every year, the popularity of online furniture stores is growing, as it allows sellers to reduce the cost of renting large sales areas and reduce the price, and for buyers, online trading is a more convenient purchasing option.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Combining the trends of the Russian furniture production market, you can form the image of a successful furniture company: an economy-class furniture manufacturer operating in a city with a population of 500-800 thousand people and selling products through an online store. These parameters will ensure constant demand, practically independent of the economic situation, reduce competition, reduce costs, which will reduce product prices.

Experts predict that the share of small and medium-sized enterprises in the furniture business will continue to grow and reach 75-80% in a few years. The key task of such manufacturers is to occupy their niche in the market. For example, wicker furniture manufacturers have almost no competitors in the market, and custom-made furniture is gaining popularity every year.

Recently, the demand for the products of furniture workshops has been increasing - the exclusivity of the offer and the variability of production are important parameters when choosing furniture for the consumer. This trend is supported not only by the taste preferences of consumers, but also by the development of the design services market, which almost doubled in 2014. With all the variety of choices presented on the furniture market, the consumer cannot always find the right furniture that would match the design project.

The most rational way out of the situation is the production of furniture to order, which is carried out by small furniture workshops. This segment of the market is represented mainly in the middle and expensive segment, while the economy class is practically free.
The easiest way to organize furniture production is to open furniture shop.

The advantages of this format of furniture production:

• does not require large investment costs;
• to accommodate production facilities do not need a large room;
• savings on equipment;
• low price of finished products;
• production flexibility.

The disadvantages of furniture production include:

• innovation and imagination are the basis of business success;
• handmade furniture requires a lot of time;
• independent search for clients.

This format fits into the image of a modern furniture manufacturer. The implementation of this project involves the opening of a furniture workshop.

Despite the obvious problems in the industry and fluctuations in demand for furniture products, this segment remains attractive for investors. The advantages of the furniture business include:

• a relatively small amount of investment in the production of furniture;
• a promising direction, interest in which will never disappear;
• furniture refers to a general consumer product, which provides a wide target audience;
• business profitability can reach 300%.

The main disadvantage of the furniture manufacturing business is the fierce competition in the market. However, with the proper construction of production, you can occupy your own niche in which competition will be minimal.

Thus, the prospects for furniture production, forecasts of growth in demand for this type of product and the advantages of furniture production allow us to talk about the investment attractiveness of such a business.

Determining the range of furniture production

The furniture company is engaged in the production and sale of wooden furniture - dining groups, as well as upholstered furniture - sofas and armchairs. The newly created furniture company positions itself as a "furniture workshop", specializing in manual assembly of products and the production of non-standard furniture for individual orders. Products this enterprise The following indicators distinguish favorably on the market: low prices, work to order, a wide selection of equipment and upholstery, colors and materials of products, the possibility of online purchase.

The products intended for production are:

Dining table, made of solid pine, painted with aging imitation, dimensions: 110*70cm, table top thickness 4 cm;

Chair, made of solid pine, painted with aging imitation, dimensions: chair height 105 cm, chair back height 60 cm, chair back width 50 cm, seat width 52 cm, seat depth - 45 cm;

Sofa triple, wooden armrests, folding mechanism - book, jacquard upholstery, dimensions: length - 240 cm, depth - 96 cm, height of the seat of the sofa - 40 cm, 2 decorative pillows, filler - spring block synthetic winterizer polyurethane foam, niche for linen. Additional design (carriage screed, upholstery and color options, various models - 3-seater, 2-seater, corner, with and without a folding mechanism)

Armchair, frame made of laminated chipboard, plywood, coniferous timber; the seat is made of polyurethane foam and a block of flat springs. Dimensions: length - 750 mm, depth - 870 mm, height - 890 mm. Additional design (carriage tie, upholstery and color options).

Table 2 shows competitors' prices for similar products on the market and the planned selling price.

Table 2. Comparison of prices for the products of CJSC "Dion" and similar products

In addition to the production of furniture, the workshop provides a furniture upholstery service. The cost of the service is 1000 rubles per 1 meter of fabric work.

Marketing and sales of a furniture manufacturing company

The target audience of the furniture manufacturing company is middle-income families who renew furniture every 3 years and prefer unique, high-quality furniture made from natural materials. The target audience of the enterprise for the production of furniture is quite extensive, therefore, in order to develop an effective marketing strategy it is necessary to divide the target group into subgroups of consumers:

Successful customers are consumers of medium-sized furniture price segment. The main criteria for choosing furniture: the uniqueness of the offer, high-quality materials, the manufacture of furniture according to sketches to order, the possibility of delivering and assembling furniture;

Clients with a low level of income occupy the largest share in the composition of consumers. The main criteria for choosing furniture are: price / quality ratio, custom-made furniture in the budget category, provision of furniture upholstery services.

The aim of the furniture manufacturing company is to meet the needs of all customer groups. At the stage of formation of a furniture company, the intended consumers will be active Internet users - an audience attracted to the company's website by various marketing tools.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Since the furniture production workshop focuses specifically on online sales, the main way of advertising is to create your own website, profiles in social networks and their active promotion. The first stage is a professional landing page, in which it is necessary to indicate the range of products, production time, examples of work and current discounts. The development of a full-fledged website with the necessary functionality will cost about 50,000 rubles.

A more budget option is to create profiles on social networks and promote them. In addition to the range of products in the profile, you can post photos and customer reviews, a list of services provided by the furniture workshop, useful information about various materials, information about caring for furniture, design solutions that your products fit into, information about promotions and bonuses.

Also for the furniture manufacturing business, the most effective way advertising is the placement of information about products on billboards. It is recommended to choose a billboard in the immediate vicinity of hardware stores, on the outskirts of the city. The average cost of renting one billboard 3*6 m for 1 month is about 23,000 rubles/month.

Another effective advertising tool will be the placement of booklets with a list of all services and a portfolio of a furniture company in hardware stores. The cost of such accommodation depends on the conditions of the hardware store and is negotiated individually. You can offer cooperation to a hardware store and jointly hold a promotion, which involves issuing discount coupons in a furniture workshop for a fixed purchase amount. It is planned to spend 10,000 rubles on this method of advertising.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Also, an effective option for promoting a furniture production workshop can be the printing of advertising blocks in a specialized press. The cost of this type of advertising will be about 10,000 rubles.

Do not forget about such promotion channels as cooperation with private interior designers, design studios, furniture stores. The search for intermediaries must be carried out independently and offer them a percentage of the order amount in the amount of 10-20%.

Participation in various exhibitions and fairs, distribution of promotional materials, availability of additional services and after-sales service: free delivery, assembly, one-year warranty of repair or replacement of the product in case of defects, etc. are effective ways to attract the attention of the consumer.

One of the main tasks of marketing is the formation of public opinion and a loyal attitude of consumers towards the enterprise. Therefore, it is worth considering options for conducting a survey among customers, the results of which will make it possible to make the necessary adjustments to production, take into account consumer requirements for products.

The use of one or another tool depends on the target audience of the institution and the budget of the project.

Creation and active promotion of a profile in social networks VKontakte and Instagram. 10,000 rubles should be allocated to promote the profile in social networks;

Creation of a personal website with a portfolio, price list, contacts and an order calculator function. The costs will amount to 30,000 rubles;

Participation in furniture exhibitions and fairs.

Thus, for the promotion of a furniture production workshop, expenses in the amount of 50,000 rubles are laid down.

The most important part of marketing is sales forecasting. Table 2 presents a plan for the sale of furniture workshop products. The average cost of an order may vary depending on the details of the order.

It is planned to receive a corporate order for the manufacture of furniture. Therefore, you should also search for clients among the corporate segment - these can be cafes, offices, beauty salons, etc. It is also worth considering the option of cooperation with a furniture salon, which will be ready to purchase part of the products for sale.

Table 3. Planned workshop sales volumefor the production of furnitureby product type

Thus, the planned amount of revenue for the first year of the workshop will be an average of 19,068,700 rubles.

Furniture production plan

Opening a furniture production workshop and organizing production involves the following steps:

1) Selection of premises for production. Since it is planned to open a full-cycle furniture production, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises should accommodate large-sized equipment. This will require a room with a total area of ​​300-350 m2, which will house:

production workshop - a place where woodworking machines and other equipment are located

assembly shop - a place where furniture is assembled from prefabricated parts;

paint shop - a room for paintwork;

dryer - a place for storing and preparing raw materials before production;

a warehouse for finished products and a warehouse for raw materials;

production staff room;

bathroom with shower;

administrative staff, office space.

In addition to the area for the production of furniture, the following requirements are imposed on the production room:

non-residential premises for industrial purposes, since the work of the workshop is associated with a high level of noise;

first floor, two entrances. Since the unloading and loading of bulky materials is carried out, it is necessary to place the production on the ground floor. Separate entrances are made for the workshop and sales office;

three-phase electricity 380 watts, since some equipment requires high power to operate;

availability of water supply, ventilation, fire safety system, ease of access to the building, availability of a platform for unloading raw materials;

lack of moisture and high humidity. The materials used in the production of furniture are afraid of moisture and dampness.

Finished products should also not be stored in such conditions, since upholstered furniture tends to absorb moisture and odors.

• a heated room, which is also necessary to maintain the ideal quality of raw materials and finished products.

For the implementation of the project, a production facility is rented. Total area - 300 m2, cost - 50,000 rubles / month

2) Purchase of equipment. To ensure the production of a full cycle, it is necessary to purchase a set of equipment:

planer - 70,000 rubles;

thicknessing machine - 120,000 rubles;

milling machine - 70,000 rubles;

drilling and grooving machine - 50,000 rubles;

copying lathe and milling machine - 150,000 rubles;

grinding machine - 80,000 rubles

painting equipment - 130,000 rubles;

panel saw with manual feed of materials - 140000;

screwdriver and puncher - 15,000 rubles;

other auxiliary equipment and tools - 50,000 rubles.

Thus, the total cost of furniture production equipment will be about 825,000 rubles. With all this equipment, expect a simultaneous monthly output of 400 pieces of furniture.

3) Technology of furniture production and organization of supply. Furniture production technology includes the following main steps:

product design preparation;

work on cutting material and manufacturing parts;

material processing work;

assembly of finished furniture.

For enterprises producing full-cycle furniture, edged solid boards are the main raw material. At the first stage of production, they are converted into panels and then parts for furniture are made. The most popular types of wood are: oak, birch, larch, pine. The most budgetary version of the array is pine. It is this material that will be mainly used in production. So you need chipboard and MDF boards.

To organize the production of furniture, suppliers of wood, paints, coatings, adhesives, fittings, fabrics, etc. will be required. The main requirements for suppliers are a well-known, proven company, the availability of all necessary certificates, and the possibility of delivery. It is preferable to cooperate on a long-term basis with companies that carry out quality control, provide bulk discounts and the possibility of deferred payment.

4) Recruitment. Furniture production requires certain professional knowledge and skills, therefore, before starting production, it is necessary to select qualified employees. The main requirement for personnel is experience with specialized equipment. The staff must include: shop specialists - 3 people, a production foreman with financial responsibility for raw materials and equipment, a sales manager, a designer-technologist, a forwarding driver, a manager, an accountant.

5) Form of service. Working with a client consists of several stages:

the client's appeal to the company: the client contacts the manager and stipulates all the conditions of the order. The manager receives the order and passes it to the designer-technologist, who helps the client decide on the design of the product, materials and develops an individual project.

cost calculation, ordering: after the project is agreed with the customer, the designer-technologist calculates the cost of the work. After that, the manager agrees the cost of the order with the client, draws up the relevant documents and takes an advance payment of 30% of the order amount. The term of execution of the order is specified in the contract and is 30 working days.

production and delivery of the order: upon the production of furniture, a delivery schedule is formed. To do this, the manager contacts the customer and approves the delivery time. The remaining amount of the order is paid upon delivery. The delivery service costs 300 rubles, and when ordering from 20,000 rubles it is provided free of charge.

Organizational plan for the production of a furniture workshop

The initial stage of opening a furniture workshop is registering a business with government agencies. To conduct commercial activities, an individual entrepreneur is registered with a simplified taxation system (15% “income minus expenses”). Types of activities according to OKVED-2:

31.09.2 - Manufacture of other furniture and individual furniture parts not included in other groups, according to the individual order of the population;

47.59 - Retail sale of furniture, lighting fixtures and other household products in specialized stores;

47.91.2 - Retail trade carried out directly with the help of the information and communication network Internet;

31.01 - Manufacture of furniture for offices and trade enterprises;

31.02 - Production of kitchen furniture.

Licenses are not required to carry out these activities, however, it is recommended that all furniture produced be certified to confirm the quality of the products. For this, it is necessary to comply with the norms and standards:

GOST 16371-93 “Furniture. General technical conditions”;

GOST 19917-93 “Furniture for sitting and lying. General technical conditions”;

GOST R 50051-92 “Furniture. Chairs. Definition of sustainability”;

GOST 19194-73 “Furniture. Method for determining the strength of fastening of decoy legs of furniture”;

GOST 13715-78 “Joinery plates. Specifications";

GOST R 54208-2010 “Protective and decorative coatings for furniture made of wood and wood-based materials. Classification and designations.

GOST 30255-95. Furniture, wood and polymeric materials.

The work schedule of the furniture shop is from 8:00 to 17:00 (Mon-Fri). The opening hours of the sales office are from 9:00 to 19:00 (Mon-Sun). Based on this, the staffing table is formed.

Table 4. Staffing and payroll

№	Position	Salary, rub .	Quantity, pers.
Administrative
	Supervisor
	Accountant
Industrial
	Shop Specialist
	Production master
	Designer-technologist
Trade
	Manager
Auxiliary
	Delivery driver
	Cleaning lady (part time)
Total:				210 000.00 RUB
Social Security contributions:				63 000.00 RUB
Total with deductions:				273 000.00 RUB

Workshop specialists - serve all stages of the production of furniture products, combine the functions of a furniture assembler. Education - secondary technical, work experience in a similar position.

Production foreman - organizes the workflow, receives materials and draws up relevant documentation, is a materially responsible person, monitors compliance with safety regulations in production, performs phased control of product manufacturing. Education - higher, work experience in this field - 5 years.

Manager - implements the marketing policy of the enterprise, negotiates with potential customers, places orders and accepts payments, is a materially responsible person, deals with advertising and product promotion, is responsible for filling the website and profiles in social networks. Higher education.

Designer-technologist - develops models and designs of furniture, carries out author's control over the compliance of the produced furniture with the developed models. Higher education.

An accountant is a materially responsible person, maintains all financial documentation, carries out accounting, monitors compliance with the law when spending money and material resources. Higher education, work experience in this field - 3 years.

Driver-forwarding agent - carries out timely delivery of the order to customers. Requirements: own car, work experience from 1 year, driver's license category B, C.

The head is a materially responsible person, represents the interests of the enterprise, concludes contracts for economic activities, issues orders and instructions, hires and dismisses employees, selects suppliers and searches for distribution channels. Education - higher, work experience in this field - 3 years.

Cleaning lady - cleans the sales office.

Financial plan for the production of furniture

The financial plan takes into account all income and expenses of the project, the planning horizon is 3 years. It is planned that after this period the institution will need to expand its production and product range.

To launch the project, it is necessary to calculate the amount of investment. To do this, you need to determine the cost of repairing the office space, purchasing equipment, the initial purchase of raw materials and the formation of working capital, which will cover the losses of the initial periods. The specifics of the furniture business is the need for a large amount of working capital.

Table 5. Investment costs

Variable costs for the production of furniture consist of the cost of materials that are used in the production of furniture, as well as the payment for the capacities consumed in the production process (water, gas, electricity, sewerage). To simplify financial calculations, variable costs are calculated based on the sum of the average bill for each type of product and a fixed trade margin of 300%.

The fixed costs of furniture production consist of rent, utility bills, payroll, advertising costs, taxes and depreciation. The amount of depreciation is determined by the straight-line method, based on the useful life of fixed assets in 5 years. Fixed costs also include tax deductions, which are not presented in this table, since their amount is not fixed, but depends on the amount of revenue.

Table 6. Fixed costs for the production of furniture

Thus, fixed monthly expenses were determined in the amount of 375,000 rubles.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of furniture production

The payback period of the project with an initial investment of 1,132,000 rubles is 8-9 months. The net monthly profit of the project upon reaching the planned sales volumes will be 519,560 rubles. Return on sales in the first year of operation will be 25%.

Possible risks of furniture production

To assess the risk component of the project, it is necessary to analyze external and internal factors. External factors include threats related to the economic situation in the country, markets. To internal - the effectiveness of the management of the organization.

The specifics of a furniture manufacturing establishment determines the following external risks:

increase in prices for raw materials, failure in the supply of raw materials. In the first case, there is a risk of increasing costs and, as a result, the selling price, which may negatively affect demand. In the second case, the risk is associated with interruptions in production. It is possible to reduce the likelihood of these threats with a competent choice of suppliers and the inclusion in the contract of all necessary conditions that provide for the liability of the supplier in case of their violation;

high competition in the market. Since the furniture market is quite saturated and the competition is high, the behavior of competitors can have a strong impact on the demand for your products. To reduce this risk, it is necessary to form a systematic approach to business organization and establish processes within the enterprise. This will allow you to achieve competitive advantages and form a customer base;

lack or decrease in demand. Lack of demand usually occurs when potential customers do not know about the existence of the company - in this case, it is necessary to conduct an active advertising campaign. In the second case, the occurrence of risk is associated with the economic situation or the loss of market share. It is possible to reduce this risk by forming your own client base, concluding large contracts, production flexibility;

fire, theft and other force majeure circumstances. The risk of such events leading to property damage is quite low. However, when they occur, the damage can be quite large. To minimize this risk, it is necessary to install a fire alarm in the workshop, introduce regular monitoring of compliance with safety regulations. You can also insure the risk with an insurance company;

• Refusal to provide rental premises or increase the cost of rent. To reduce this risk, it is necessary to conclude a long-term lease and carefully choose the landlord.

Internal risks include:

non-fulfillment of the planned sales volume. It is possible to reduce this risk with an effective advertising campaign and a competent marketing policy, which involves various promotions and bonuses;

equipment failure and production downtime. Minimizing the risk will allow regular maintenance of the equipment in order to maintain its performance;

problems with personnel, which means low qualification, staff turnover, lack of motivation of employees. The easiest way to reduce this risk is at the recruitment stage, hiring employees who meet all the stated requirements. It is recommended to use a bonus tool, for example, to pay employees a fixed percentage of net profit based on the results of annual work;

product defect. In case of a minor defect, the products can be sold at a discount price, and in case of serious violations, they can be sent for processing. The main thing is to identify product defects before the transfer of the order to the client. It is possible to reduce this risk with the selection of qualified personnel, the purchase of good equipment and high-quality materials;

a decrease in the institution's reputation among the target audience due to errors in management or a decrease in product quality. It is possible to level the risk with constant monitoring of product quality, obtaining feedback from customers of the enterprise and taking corrective actions.

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Profitability calculator for this business

On the modern Russian market, the production of cabinet furniture occupies a quarter of the entire furniture production. Small and medium-sized businesses consider this industry profitable and profitable - the demand for quality products is stable. Consider how much investment is required to organize your own furniture workshop, how difficult it is to lead the market and whether it is worth it for novice entrepreneurs to try themselves in this area.

Demand for cabinet furniture is currently very high. In general, it is always quite high, but at present, the growth of interest is due to the revival of the new housing market.

At the time of buying new apartment or repairing the old one, the acquisition of new cabinet furniture is almost inevitable. This is the basis of any interior.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made of solid modules, installed and fastened horizontally and vertically. This variety includes:

• cabinets;
• buffets;
• headsets;
• storage areas;
• racks, "walls", shelves, bedside tables;
• dining and writing tables.

At the same time, in modern conditions, one cannot complain about the lack of supply. Both small workshops and huge corporations actively sell their furniture. The furniture manufacturing business exists in a highly competitive environment.- this is the main reason for the closure of most start-ups. Therefore, before trying to realize yourself in this area, it is worth drawing up a business plan, analyzing costs and taking into account all the pros and cons.

Cabinet furniture is all furniture made from solid modules.

What materials are cabinet furniture made of?

How to start a furniture business from scratch? First you need to find out what modern cabinet furniture is made of. The most common material is particle boards(chipboard) or wood panels medium density(MDF). Solid wood furniture is less common: it costs significantly more, so the demand for it is lower.

Chipboard furniture is much cheaper, as it is made, in fact, from glued wood shavings. Modern methods of decorating allow you to give it a more expensive and solid look, while maintaining a low cost.

If you are planning to start the production of cabinet furniture from chipboard, you definitely need a reliable supplier of materials who will provide you with blanks for work at the right time and in the required volume. It is better to conclude a supply contract with a chipboard manufacturer, rather than purchase materials on demand yourself.

As for related fittings and other materials, it is also necessary to conclude contracts with reliable counterparties for their supply in order to avoid a situation where it is impossible to fulfill an order in due time due to lack of components.

How cabinet furniture is made

Before starting the list necessary equipment and other costs for your enterprise, it is important to get at least a general idea of ​​the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. Simplified, it can be described as the following cycle:

1. Preparation of the product design, determination of the shape and size of the components
   modules.
2. Production of modules in accordance with the product design.
3. Mounting hole preparation.
4. Section processing (film, veneer, laminated edge).
5. Collection of the finished product.

Any workshop for the production of furniture reproduces this technological cycle in one way or another. Its minor changes depend on the equipment available at the enterprise, production optimization, qualification skills of employees.

The speed and comfort of work depend on the quality of machines and other equipment.

What equipment is required for your own furniture production

Now consider what equipment for the production of furniture is necessary for a start-up enterprise. First of all, this different kind machines for furniture production:

1. Format cutting. With the help of this machine, modules of the desired size and shape are created from chipboard blanks. They allow you to cut panels horizontally and vertically, as well as at an angle without chipping, with exact observance of the required dimensions. Such machines are divided into varieties depending on the technology of feeding the workpiece: manual, semi-automatic and fully automated.
   

   For small productions, manual ones are suitable - they allow you to serve the required volume and at the same time are cheaper. With the enlargement of the enterprise and the transition to mass production, it is reasonable to replace them with semi-automatic or automatic machines. The price of such machines starts from 200 thousand rubles.

2. Edge banding. The name of this machine speaks directly about its function - processing the edges of the product. Several options for processing cuts are possible: gluing a decorative film, melamine edge tape, installing veneer or wooden slats. For a new such car, you will have to spend at least 600 thousand rubles, for a used one - about 300 thousand.
3. Drilling and filler. Required for mounting hinges and mounting holes. The cost of such a machine starts from 300 thousand rubles.

In addition to machine tools, a modern furniture workshop should be equipped with:

1. Grinding machine - for polishing workpieces or finished products. From 2 thousand rubles, but for production purposes it is better to consider options from 10 thousand rubles.
2. Screwdrivers. There should be several of them, as each employee needs them. The purchase of screwdrivers will have to spend from 30 to 50 thousand rubles.
3. Perforator. From 10 to 20 thousand rubles.
4. Knives, drills and others cutting tools, about 20 thousand rubles.

Thus, only 1,200,000 - 1,500,000 rubles will have to be spent on equipment for making furniture and related tools. You can save money in several ways. For example, to purchase used equipment or to start leasing it.

When buying machines, new or used, carefully consider all associated warranties. A good sign would be the availability of warranty service. Read customer reviews first. The quality of machine tools and other equipment determines the speed and comfort of work, and hence the quantity and quality of products.

Where to open a furniture production

The production of cabinet furniture for business purposes requires quite a lot of space. Conventionally, the entire space can be divided into zones:

• storage of blanks;
• installed machines/workplaces;
• collection and processing of finished products;
• storage of finished cabinet furniture.

A small business needs an area of ​​about 100 square meters. It is better to rent it in the industrial part of the city: it will cost much less. Make sure that the rented premises have convenient access roads for the delivery of materials and workpieces, as well as loading finished products. The cost of renting a room varies significantly depending on the region, but on average it will cost 100-200 thousand rubles.

For a small enterprise, an area of ​​\u200b\u200babout 100 square meters is required.

How furniture manufacturers work

The majority of furniture manufacturers, especially small businesses, prefer to make and assemble products to order. This approach is beneficial for both parties: buyers receive furniture of the right size, color and configuration, and the manufacturer spends exactly as many resources as necessary and does not work at a loss.

With this approach, one sample is made, which is exhibited in the store with an indication that the copy for sale will be made taking into account the wishes of the client. The main thing with this approach is to produce furniture quickly enough and offer customers the maximum number of options.

Whom to hire

The basis of the furniture enterprise will be workers, mainly carpenters, whose task is to directly manufacture samples and products to order. The number of workers depends on the volume of production, for a small workshop, 2-4 people are enough.

A sales manager is needed to find channels for selling products, interact with customers and collect orders. This specialist negotiates with furniture stores, looking for customers in reality or via the Internet. May act as a marketer and work on the company's sales strategies. The purchasing manager performs the reverse work - looking for suppliers, ensures the timely supply of components for production.

It is very good if it is possible to hire a furniture and interior designer (albeit at half the rate) who will design sample designs and recommend diversified solutions for customers.

When an enterprise assembles furniture according to the customer's measurements, an employee is needed who takes orders and, if necessary, travels to the place and takes measurements (for example, for the manufacture of cabinets, "walls", kitchen sets and shelving). This function can be taken over by a designer or a sales manager.

Advantages and disadvantages of the cabinet furniture business

How profitable would such a business be? Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors. Therefore, before investing in organizing your own furniture business, carefully evaluate all the pros and cons of this business.

Strengths: high demand and self-realization

1. Cabinet furniture is always in demand, so the manufacturer of quality products will always be able to earn.
2. Relatively small investment in the enterprise. Of course, the initial capital for a furniture company cannot be called minimal. But, firstly, it is significantly lower than the capital required for most other industries. Secondly, investments can be significantly reduced by buying used equipment or leasing it.
3. The possibility of self-realization as a businessman or a craftsman who produces high-demand and high-quality products.

Furniture is always in demand, but it is very difficult for start-ups to gain the upper hand over competitors.

disadvantages

The main disadvantage of the cabinet furniture business is very high competition. Such activities are carried out by small private workshops and huge factories. Startups find it hard to compete, many close after a year and a half of work, having suffered losses.

What gives furniture manufacturers an advantage in the market

Why do some workshops successfully operate in the cabinet furniture market for years, while others close after working for 12-16 months? The reasons can be very diverse, but there are several characteristics that unite successful companies:

1. good work with quality materials. By purchasing such furniture, buyers expect that it will serve them for at least 10-15 years and at the same time retain its “marketable” appearance. It is quite difficult to guarantee this when working with chipboard, so those companies that combine maximum quality with affordable prices are retained on the market.
2. Maximum attention to the wishes of customers, exact observance of dimensions, variability of colors and textures.
3. Manufacture of furniture of different price categories - for greater coverage of potential buyers.
4. Active advertising campaigns aimed at attracting new customers and loyalty programs for regular ones.

Conclusion

The cabinet furniture business requires an initial capital of at least 1.2 million rubles and a set of specific knowledge. A small business needs 4-6 employees. The competition in this area is very high and is explained by the steady demand among various categories of customers.

In order to organize your own successful furniture business from scratch, it is paramount to make the right choice of its direction and format. Therefore, an entrepreneur must get acquainted with the peculiarities of furniture production in Russia, as well as study supply and demand in the intended functioning market. With proper organization, the furniture business will become a source of high profit for its owner and will not lose its relevance for many years.

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Services provided and business formats

The list of the main services provided by the furniture company:

• mass production of furniture in accordance with the catalog;
• piece production of furniture to order, taking into account the individual wishes of each client;
• exclusive furniture design;
• sale of furniture;
• transportation and lifting to the floor;
• Furniture assembly;
• restoration/repair of old furniture.

Depending on what kind of furniture is produced, all enterprises are divided into universal and specialized.

Furniture business specialization options:

• kitchen furniture;
• upholstered furniture (sofas, armchairs);
• beds;
• furniture for a children's room;
• tables and chairs;
• office furniture;
• bar counters;
• commercial equipment (showcases, racks, reception, etc.);
• wooden furniture;
• glass furniture;
• wicker furniture;
• built-in furniture, etc.

In order for a novice businessman to gain a foothold in the market, he needs to choose the right market niche.

Recently, there are more and more companies involved in the production of non-standard furniture from:

• tree;
• glass;
• plastic;
• chipboard;
• MDF etc.

Experts note that today the most promising for start-up entrepreneurs are areas related to the production of furniture for the kitchen and office.

The idea of ​​creating your own business in the furniture industry can be embodied in one of the following ways:

• a full-fledged furniture factory (for example, for the manufacture of upholstered furniture);
• furniture shop;
• furniture repair/restoration salon;
• traditional furniture store;
• furniture online store;
• a company engaged in the delivery, assembly and installation of furniture.

The classic furniture company provides:

• designing furniture and creating your own product catalog;
• manufacturing of components;
• assembly of furniture (if necessary);
• sale of finished products through branded outlets.

However, quite often there are small furniture workshops that assemble furniture from ready-made components. For example, when buying MDF boards, they will be sawn directly in the warehouse in accordance with the required dimensions. Facades, countertops and fittings can be ordered from furniture factories that are ready to make custom-made elements with certain parameters. To assemble furniture, it remains only to drill the necessary holes for fasteners and assemble all the parts. Such a business requires a minimum investment.

Relevance

Reasons for the relevance of the furniture business:

1. High yield and profitability. When organizing a small furniture workshop, you can achieve profitability of 60 percent or more.
2. Perspective. There is always a demand for furniture, as few people can make interior items on their own. Furniture is a general consumer goods with a wide target audience. Despite high competition, the market is not saturated; any entrepreneur who is serious about his business can gain a foothold on it. Sales rates are consistently high and do not have a seasonal nature.
3. You can open your own furniture workshop with minimal investment. This business option is suitable for people with limited budget. Having mastered the market, the entrepreneur, if necessary, will be able to expand the business to a factory format.
4. The furniture business can be organized by both a person with experience in this field of activity and a beginner. The latter does not need to undergo special training, he will be able to figure everything out on his own with the help of the Internet and specialized literature.
5. The procedure for registering a business is the same increased complexity. It can be issued as an IP. For the successful operation of the enterprise, it is necessary to comply with the sanitary and fire safety requirements of supervisory services.
6. Many market segments, among which you can choose the closest, simplest, most understandable and promising. For example, the production of furniture for a children's room or sofas made of genuine leather.

Description and analysis of the market

Characteristics of the Russian furniture market:

• high competition, about three thousand medium and large furniture enterprises operate on the market, there are a total of five thousand workshops / factories;
• according to marketers of large furniture manufacturers, in 2019 the share of domestic companies will reach 70 percent of the market capacity;
• the ten largest furniture companies in Russia occupy 30 percent of the total market capacity (the leader is IKEA, 22 percent);
• in the short term, an increase in the number of small and medium-sized enterprises is expected (their total share will be 70-75 percent);
• the maximum number of furniture manufacturers is concentrated in the Central Federal District and the Volga Federal District (about 25 percent of the total number of market participants);
• a promising sector of the market where furniture for the kitchen is produced (in the last 10 years, the annual growth of the market is about 20 percent);
• among entrepreneurs, the market sector is popular where built-in furniture is made to order;
• the most promising segment of economy-class interior items, therefore, a reduction in the share of the premium segment and an increase in the standard/budget segment are predicted;
• the furniture market stimulates an active growth in the pace of housing construction and its purchase, since any apartment / house needs interior items;
• the growth of the exchange rate leads to a reduction in the number of furniture suppliers from abroad;
• it is more profitable for small furniture manufacturers to sell products in their region, thus transaction costs will be reduced;
• it is easier for market participants to sell products in settlements with up to 500 thousand people, since there are often no network retailers here;
• according to statistics, today every fifth Russian orders furniture in an online store (in 2016, 12.5 percent of interior items were sold via the Internet);
• 50 percent of furniture manufacturers have their own website;
• new models/developments regularly appear on the furniture market, it is constantly in motion, and for successful operation, you need to follow the latest trends.

Photo gallery

Dynamics of housing commissioning in the Russian Federation from 2000 to 2019 Dynamics of the capacity of the furniture market in the period from 2009 to 2016 The results of the response of Russians to the question about the place of purchase of furniture Revenue dynamics of wholesale and retail trade in household and office furniture(2011-2015), thousand rubles

The target audience

Depending on the business format and its orientation, target consumers can be:

• people with average income;
• low-income people;
• people with high income;
• resellers (traditional and virtual furniture stores, hypermarkets, etc.);
• entrepreneurs (when purchasing commercial furniture, such as bar counters, cafe tables, shop windows, computer tables to the office, etc.).

Buyers can be both men and women, Internet users and not, large enterprises or small, wholesale and retail trade networks. Average age target audience - from 18 to 60 years.

Competitive advantages

In order for a furniture company to stand out from the background of numerous competitors, it must have the following features:

• adequate price corresponding to the quality of the finished product;
• efficient and high-quality performance of work on the production of furniture;
• use only proven and high-quality materials;
• availability of agreements with suppliers of fittings, components and other materials;
• well-thought-out product catalog, including a variety of furniture options for different tastes (providing for many variations of colors, textures, materials, fabrics, etc.);
• when designing furniture, a professional designer and / or engineer should be involved;
• close-knit team of competent specialists;
• the use of modern equipment that allows you to get an exclusive and / or very high quality product;
• a successfully functioning online store;
• the possibility of making furniture according to the client's order;
• the possibility of designing exclusive furniture in accordance with the wishes of the client;
• friendly customer service;
• organization of delivery and assembly of furniture;
• providing a guarantee;
• replacement of goods or a refund if a factory defect is detected.

The business idea of ​​a furniture company will be successfully implemented when the entrepreneur correctly determines the specialization of the business and forms the necessary competitive advantages.

Sales channels

Ways to market products of a furniture factory / workshop:

• own department in a furniture shopping center / hypermarket;
• own network of furniture stores;
• own store in a multi-profile shopping center;
• non-chain furniture stores;
• resellers;
• direct sales to corporate clients (for example, face-to-face meetings, phone calls and catalog distribution);
• own online store.

Advertising campaign

To stimulate sales, the following activities should be carried out:

• installation of stands / billboards with information about the company's products on the street in busy places, for example, near metro stations, public transport stops;
• creating your own high-quality website and online store;
• opening a company profile in social networks;
• promotion of the company's website on the Internet;
• development of catalogs, brochures, booklets, business cards, leaflets, etc., for distribution among potential customers and partners;
• establishing relationships with partner companies for mutual marketing, for example, with hardware stores and design studios;
• development of a program to increase customer loyalty (including promotions, discounts, bonus programs, etc.);
• placement of advertisements in thematic print media;
• participation of the company in exhibitions and fairs dedicated to furniture topics.

In the furniture industry, it is very important not to lose your reputation. If the product produced is of poor quality, then no advertising will force buyers to purchase it. Therefore, the entrepreneur must pay special attention to working with the client, quality control of purchased materials and components, as well as the production process.

Step-by-step instructions for opening

To open a furniture workshop and organization production process would need:

1. Analyze the furniture market in the proposed region for the location of the enterprise and the sale of products.
2. Determine the direction of the business, its scale, production technology and solve other key issues.
3. Choose a place and a room for the workshop.
4. Calculate the performance indicators of a furniture production business project from scratch.
5. Register an enterprise in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
6. Conclude long-term lease agreements for a production facility or buy it.
7. Find equipment suppliers and purchase it.
8. Find suppliers of raw materials (boards, chipboard, MDF), materials (paints, adhesives, fabrics), accessories, etc., and also agree on their supply.
9. Select specialists with the required qualifications.
10. Develop furniture designs.
11. Carry out work on the manufacture of parts, cutting material and their processing.
12. Perform furniture assembly.
13. Create a catalog of the company's products.
14. Determine distribution channels for products.
15. Start implementing a marketing plan.

Documentation

Key points of the furniture business registration process:

1. Optimal forms for registration of furniture production activities: IP, LLC. The choice in one direction or another is largely determined by the scale of the enterprise and the number of founders. When opening a small workshop by one entrepreneur, the option of creating an IP is more suitable.
2. When registering, the OKVED code is indicated - 31 "Furniture production". In the case of manufacturing furniture for offices and commercial enterprises, code 31.01 is selected, and for kitchen furniture - 31.02. For the production of other types of furniture, paragraph 31.09 is suitable, which in turn may involve work on an individual order or not. In order to be able to sell products independently at retail, code 47.59 is indicated, and via the Internet - 47.91.2.
3. For the manufacture of interior items, a license is not required, but it is recommended to certify the products. This measure will confirm the quality of manufactured furniture. Products made according to an individual project are not subject to certification. In this case, there must be documents confirming the quality of the materials used.
4. When determining the taxation system, you should stop your choice on UTII or STS.

The main current norms and standards that must be observed at a furniture company planning to obtain quality certificates for manufactured products:

• GOST 16371 - 93 "Furniture. General TU";
• GOST R 50051 - 92 "Furniture. Chairs";
• GOST 19917 - 93 "Furniture for sitting, lying. General TU";
• GOST R 54208 - 2010 "Protective and decorative coatings on furniture made of wood / wood materials";
• GOST 19194 - 73 "Furniture. Method for determining the strength of fastening of decoy legs of furniture”;
• GOST 30255 - 95. "Furniture, wood and polymer materials".

To obtain an opinion from the State Fire Supervision, the following papers are prepared:

• statement;
• company registration certificate;
• BTI floor plan;
• contract for the installation of fire alarms;
• property insurance policy.

To obtain an opinion from Rospotrebnadzor, the following papers are prepared:

• statement;
• certificate of establishment of the company and its registration in the IMNS;
• lease agreement production premises or a document confirming the ownership of it;
• list of manufactured goods;
• sanitary passport of the premises;
• contracts for the removal of waste and garbage.

room

Classic medium-sized furniture production includes the following workshops and premises:

1. The office of a designer/engineer who designs furniture and improves existing models.
2. Manufacturing facility. This is where the woodworking equipment is located. Here is the production of details of future furniture.
3. Assembly shop. This room is intended for the assembly of furniture from manufactured parts and purchased components.
4. Paint shop. This is where the paint work is done.
5. Sewing factory. It is necessary in the production of upholstered furniture and beds, it is used for cutting fabrics and sewing upholstery for interior items.
6. Dryer. This room allows you to save raw materials and prepare for further processing / use.
7. Warehouse for finished furniture, raw materials, consumables, accessories, etc.
8. Room for quality control of finished products.
9. Utility room for staff.
10. Bathroom equipped with shower.
11. Administrative space.

Production space requirements:

• the status of non-residential premises for industrial purposes (due to the high noise level);
• low rent or cost (if purchased);
• location - on the first floor (maximum - the second), it is possible on the outskirts of the city;
• number of entrances - two entrances (one for production purposes, and the second for working with partners and clients, to the office);
• availability of three-phase electricity (380 W), ventilation, water supply, heating;
• convenient access roads (for personnel, suppliers of raw materials, buyers);
• platform for loading and unloading of raw materials, materials, finished products, etc.;
• moderate humidity and lack of dampness, since most of the materials used for the production of furniture are afraid of moisture;
• compliance with the requirements of SES and fire safety;
• the possibility of expanding production in the future.

The area of ​​​​the room is determined based on the fact that:

• it should contain all the equipment of the technological chain;
• it was possible to organize several separate workshops;
• the necessary stock of raw materials and materials was placed;
• warehouse stock of finished products.

The minimum area for organizing a furniture workshop is 150-200 square meters.

If the furniture production business idea involves the organization of its own distribution system, then the entrepreneur needs to find premises / premises for opening a store or a network of salons.

When choosing a suitable trading platform, the emphasis should be on:

• high passability of the target audience;
• the minimum number of direct competitors;
• affordable price.

Equipment and inventory

An approximate list of equipment for a small furniture workshop for the production of upholstered furniture:

Equipment	Approximate prices, rub.
Jointing and thicknessing machine	23 000
Lathe	62 000
Milling machine	125 000
Miter saw	15 000
jigsaw	5 000
	15 000
	8 000
Clamps	2 000
Vise	5 000
Painting equipment	120 000
Screwdriver, perforator	15 000
Sewing machine	30 000
cutting table	20 000
Chisels, knives, cutters	15 000
Office furniture, office equipment	50 000
Auxiliary inventory, tools	20 000
Gazelle car	350 000
Total	880 000

The video tells about the machines used in furniture production. Filmed by the channel: "Hao Zhang".

Photo gallery

Disc sander Table drilling machine Jointing and thicknessing machine Miter saw Milling machine Wood lathe

Staff

The staffing of a small furniture workshop:

№	Position	Salary of one employee, rub.	Number of persons
1	Director (performs the functions of an accountant and sales manager)	25 000	1
2	Design engineer	20 000	1
3	Production department specialist	20 000	1
4	Assembly line specialists	20 000	1
5	Paint shop specialist	20 000	1
6	Sewing shop specialist	15 000	1
7	Production master	23000	1
8	Handyman (acts as a driver)	12 000	1
Total		155 000	8

Requirements for the main personnel of furniture production:

• availability of professional knowledge and skills in the field of the position held and the functions performed;
• technical education;
• experience;
• ability to handle professional equipment;
• responsibility;
• no bad habits.

To motivate staff to work, their wage should be tied to the amount of work performed.

Financial plan

The profitability of the furniture business in each case is individual and depends on many factors underlying the implementation of a business project.

Further financial planning of a business idea for organizing furniture production is based on the following data:

Indicator	Description
Business Format	Small furniture shop
Business focus	Cushioned furniture
Main assortment positions	Sofas and armchairs in the middle price segment
Organizational form of business	Individual entrepreneur
Location	The Russian Federation; a city with a population of up to 500 thousand people; premises in an industrial area on the outskirts of the city
Ownership of the premises	Long term rental
Room area	200 square meters
The area of ​​the adjacent territory	100 square meters
State	8 people
Sales	Through intermediaries (dealers, furniture stores, online stores)

How much does it cost to start furniture production?

Investments in the opening of a furniture workshop:

Expenditures
Registration of entrepreneurial activity	5 000
Obtaining permits to start production	20 000
Rent for production premises (for 4 months)	200 000
Design, redevelopment, construction and repair of industrial premises, as well as laying communications	100 000
Purchase of equipment and its installation	880 000
Salary with accruals	250 000
Marketing expenses (including the creation of a business card site)	30 000
Purchase of raw materials, materials, components	100 000
Other costs	15 000
Total	1 600 000

Recurring costs

Furniture workshop regular expenses:

Expenditures	Estimated prices in rubles
Production space rental fee	50 000
Utility payments (water supply, sewerage, gas, electricity, waste disposal)	20 000
Payroll fund with accruals	196 500
Purchase of raw materials	50 000
Advertising	3 000
Depreciation (based on 7 years)	10 500
other expenses	5 000
Total	335 000

Income

The profitability of the furniture business was calculated based on the following initial data:

Financial indicators of the project, allowing you to estimate how much you can earn on furniture:

Indicator	First year	Second year	Third year
Monthly revenue, rub.	600 000	720 000	864 000
Monthly profit, rub.	265 000	385 000	529 000
Annual revenue, rub.	7 200 000	8 640 000	10 368 000
Annual profit, rub.	3 180 000	4 620 000	6 348 000
Business profitability, %	44	53	61

Calendar plan

Schedule for the implementation of the furniture production project:

Stages	1 month	2 month	3 month	4 month	5 month
Furniture market analysis	+
Solving basic issues of business organization (format, specialization, assortment, technology, etc.)	+
Premises selection	+
Drawing up a business plan	+
Preparation of papers for registration of a furniture workshop	+	+
Company registration		+
Purchase/rent of business premises		+
Room preparation		+	+
Search for suppliers of raw materials, materials, components and conclusion of supply contracts with them		+	+
Recruitment		+	+
Purchase of equipment (its installation, installation, adjustment) and inventory		+	+
Issuance of permits		+	+
Website development			+
Carrying out promotional activities			+	+
Purchase of raw materials, materials, components			+	+
Furniture catalog development		+	+	+
Definition of distribution channels			+	+
Start of production					+

Risks and payback

External risks of a furniture workshop business project:

1. Rising prices for materials, raw materials, components and their transportation, as well as rent of premises. In such a situation, there is an increase in the cost of production. If the market situation does not allow increasing the cost of finished products, then the increase in costs will be offset by part of the entrepreneur's profit. Reducing this risk is possible by concluding an agreement with a supplier, which will guarantee that prices remain unchanged for a certain period of time.
2. Low quality of raw materials, materials and components. The entrepreneur must make a careful selection of reliable suppliers of components from which the finished product is made.
3. High market competition. In order for the company to function in the market for many years, the manager needs to take care of creating competitive advantages. He must monitor the behavior of other representatives of the furniture business, the needs of customers, fashion trends etc.
4. Decrease in demand. To increase sales, it is necessary to carry out marketing activities and develop a loyalty program.
5. Force majeure circumstances. To prevent the onset of fire in the premises of the furniture factory, a modern specialized alarm system must be installed, and the established norms / rules must be observed. In addition, the risk of force majeure can be insured.
6. Refusal to renew the lease. To avoid this, it is necessary to analyze the offer of suitable premises for the organization of production, choose the most suitable one and conclude a long-term lease agreement.
7. Economic/financial crises. They lead to a decrease in the solvency of potential buyers. In such a situation, it would be logical to reorient the enterprise to the production of goods in a lower price segment.

Internal risks of a furniture workshop business project:

1. Failure to meet sales plan. A competent marketing campaign will help to solve this problem. It is also worth paying attention to the catalog of products offered to the buyer, perhaps it is outdated, does not correspond to the latest fashion trends and customer needs.
2. Failure to meet production plan. The reasons for this phenomenon can be: interruptions in the supply of raw materials, equipment breakdown, low qualification of personnel, etc. For the smooth operation of the enterprise, the entrepreneur must establish the logistics of supplies, organize monitoring of the condition of the equipment and its timely maintenance, and carefully select personnel.
3. Staff turnover. To motivate employees to work, it is recommended to use a bonus tool (for example, a percentage of profit) and organize decent working conditions.
4. Marriage of finished products. The company's reputation depends on how high-quality furniture is produced by the enterprise. It is important to organize internal quality control of manufactured furniture and prevent the sale of goods with low performance characteristics.

The payback of the project will be 6-7 months, since the monthly earnings of the workshop (minus expenses) in the first year is 265 thousand rubles.

Video

The key points in drawing up a business plan for furniture production are presented in the video. The presenter talks about how to open a profitable and profitable furniture business. Filmed by the channel: "Business Support Center".