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How to choose and install a sewer ladder?

Today, many people prefer to implement their own ideas for organizing a bathroom instead of installing standard shower cabins. There is no shortage of accessories and finishing materials. If you do without a pallet, you can significantly increase the usable area and create your own shower stall design. In order for all these advantages to “work”, you need to know how the floor drain is installed. Without the right one, there is nothing to think about the comfortable operation of the bathroom.

Correct installation drain drain help avoid flooding your neighbors and damaging your bathroom renovation.

What are the ladders?

The material of manufacture can be different, and these products can be metal, aluminum, plastic, cast iron, combined metal and plastic. The shape of the ladders is also not the same, but the most common are round, square and rectangular. The height of the products varies from 75 to 180 mm depending on the model. By design, they are all similar and consist of the following elements:

1. Front panel (grille). It can have different sizes and shapes of drain holes.
2. Siphon. Designed to prevent the penetration of odors from sewer system. It can be made in several versions: water seal, dry seal, mechanical seal. The latter is installed outdoors or in non-residential premises.
3. Sealant.
4. Elements for sealing (pressing).
5. Frame.

Structural features of ladders

1. Horizontal. The most commonly used type, since its installation is possible on any floor, regardless of the number of storeys.
2. Vertical. They have a much higher throughput, but require special installation conditions.

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What to consider when choosing a ladder?

It is important to choose the right ladder, since after installation it will be difficult to dismantle it: you will need to remove flooring and screed.

Floor drain structure with combined shutter system.

The material of manufacture is not so important, everyone chooses what he likes best. Now most popular plastic ladders, since they have the most interesting design, there are different color combinations. You can fearlessly buy metal products, they are durable and not subject to corrosion.

You should decide on the dimensions of the ladder. Suitable for showers of medium size with good throughput. If a ladder is needed in a drainage or other system, then the size is determined based on the estimated volume of drains. An important point is the configuration of the sewerage system in the place where the drain will be installed. For example, the design of domestic sewer pipes allows you to connect up to 3 outlets (pipes from a sink, sinks, etc.). The direction and diameter of the outlet is very important, this point must be taken into account.

Optimal Performance

Corner drains have a mechanical water seal PURUS Nood.

• throughput not less than 1.2 l / s;
• built-in siphon;
• if the house has a plastic sewer pipeline with a cross section of 110 mm, then the drain must have sleeve connections of the same diameter for a vertical drain or 50 mm for a horizontal one;
• the grating must be designed for load class A;
• the design of the ladder must ensure the adjustment of its installation depth in accordance with the mark of the floor covering;
• equipment with seals;
• It would be nice to have installation instructions.

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Which ladder is better: with a dry or hydraulic shutter?

More recently, manufacturers produced products only with a hydraulic seal. What does he represent? This is a tube bent at a certain angle in which the liquid is located. It is she who is the obstacle that the odors coming from the sewer system cannot overcome. Caring for such a shutter is simple: it is enough to periodically spill it with water.

What is the disadvantage of such a design? The fact that the shutter with infrequent use of the shower dries up: unpleasant odors begin to cause inconvenience. It is also possible for other reasons: design errors, elevated air temperature in the room, use of the “warm floor” system.

With the appearance on the market of drains equipped with a dry shutter, many problems were solved by themselves, and these designs became very popular. Such products are also convenient in that they can work both independently and in combination with a water seal.

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How is the shutter at the ladder arranged?

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Membrane

The shutter is equipped with a diaphragm to which a spring is attached. When the water is drained, the membrane opens and lets it through, and when the flow ends, it closes the inlet to the sewer under the action of a spring.

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float

On the surface of the water in the hydraulic seal tube there is a kind of float, which, as the flow of water decreases, falls and blocks the through hole.

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pendulum

Its work is based on the principle of gravitational force. Under its influence, the mechanical device of the shutter always tends to take a position in which it closes the pipe.

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Installation of a sewer ladder

Installation of products with a dry and water seal is practically no different. The main rule: you should make such a floor to ensure the proper level of slope to the ladder for unhindered drainage of water into the riser. Therefore, the installation of a drain funnel is often associated with raising the floor level or dismantling an existing floor covering.

Basic installation rules:

The material of manufacture is not important, the main thing is that it is moisture resistant.

• the facing grating of the ladder must be at the same level with the surface of the facing floor covering;
• finishing begins with laying tiles from the ladder;
• seams between tiles should not exceed 2 mm;
• the grout used is moisture resistant;
• The floor surface must provide a slope for water runoff.

Materials that will be required:

• cement;
• sand (sifted);
• waterproofing membrane;
• warm and soundproof material(often use foam);
• mastic or adhesive composition for laying tiles;
• tiles that provide an anti-slip floor surface (rough).

"Dry ladder" is a siphon for drains of shower rooms and other rooms where water is used. Serves to prevent sewer gases from entering the room.

Unlike a conventional siphon with a water lock, a dry drain can perform its functions during long interruptions in the use of water.

That is, even in the toilet, after a couple of months of non-use, the water evaporates, and air from the sewer begins to enter the apartment. Which of course is bad. We have the same with other siphons with a water seal.

What can be done with the toilet and siphons during a long absence - read here.

The dry ladder is designed so that the sewer gases in it are cut off not by a water lock, but by plastic or metal curtains.

There are also dry ladders with a float. In the absence of water, the float sits on the saddle and blocks the air supply. But this option is not very good -

if there is excess pressure in the sewer (and this sometimes happens), then the gas will be able to raise the float and enter the room.

The outlet of water at the ladders is vertical and horizontal. The most commonly used are horizontal. In this case, it is imperative to ensure sufficient deflection sewer pipe starting from the ladder itself.

Let me remind you the requirements of SNiP for pipes f50 mm - pipe slope 3cm / 1m. When laying pipes, we try to avoid straight lines, and even more so sharp corners.

If the ladder is installed in the floor, then it is very important right make a floor slope to the ladder. How to do this is described here.

Stanislav Plitochkin was with you. I will help save SVDN ©!

2 comments

Good afternoon, Stanislav! Help me please! I have a steel ladder in my shower room. But the grate and something that should block the gases from the sewer are lost. I can’t decide which component to buy, what is the name of this component? Or do I need to change the whole thing by buying as a set? Could you advise me on whatsapp? My number is 89256260038. Sincerely, Lucia Mikhailovna, pensioner.

• Good day, Lucia Mikhailovna! The best advice I can give you is to take a picture of the ladder with your phone and show it to the salesperson at the construction market. Most likely you will be offered to buy the ladder as a whole, because I have never heard that they were sold in parts.
  If three or four sellers tell you so, then you have no other choice - you have to buy. But, there is a chance for a positive outcome of the case, so try it!

To avoid getting hit unpleasant odors from the sewer into the premises, special structural elements are used. The simplest of them is a hydraulic or water seal. Nevertheless, as practice shows, such a system does not always and everywhere work effectively. Therefore, recently, a ladder equipped with a dry siphon has become more and more common. It has the same properties as a water seal, but it is devoid of its shortcomings. Design features dry drains allow it to filter sewage, separate large elements, thereby preventing clogging and accidents. However, the main function is to prevent fetid odors from entering the living quarters from the sewer system.

• 1 Views
• 2 How to choose
• 3 Mounting

Kinds

If you analyze the plumbing equipment market, you can find several types of dry drains:

1. Membrane valves. Experts consider them the simplest in terms of design, but no less reliable. The main element is a spring-loaded membrane, which opens slightly due to the action of the water flow and diverts wastewater. As soon as the flow of water stops, the membrane closes and guarantees tightness.
2. Pendulum gates. A similar drain, equipped with a dry siphon, has a valve with one fixation point. When the drain passes by it, the valve deviates from the axis, after which it returns to its original position due to the influence of gravity.
3. Float gates. Some even manage to make them with my own hands. In fact, the float ladder is a combination of dry and hydraulic shutter design. It is a ladder with a vertical outlet and with a plastic valve built into it. If a we are talking about own production then use balls of the right size.

Float valves operate on following principle. If there is enough water in the water seal, the ball floats and does not delay the drainage. If there are long breaks in use, the water partially evaporates, and the ball falls into a special nest. Due to this, the shutter is sealed. After draining, the water re-enters the system, the design begins to work again as a water seal.

Dry drains have not yet gained their well-deserved popularity due to their higher cost compared to standard solutions. Their work is based on the working elements used, which, due to their design, always tend to return to their original position after being displaced by the flow of effluents.

How to choose

If you still decide to purchase a drain equipped with a dry siphon, it is important to pay attention to the conditions under which it will be installed.

1. To begin with, determine how much sewage will pass. Ordinary apartment it is enough that the conditional passage of the ladder is 50 millimeters, and if it is a public bath or shower room, then 100 millimeters.
2. The height of the device. A ladder with a horizontal outlet can be mounted under fairly tight conditions, since its height is about 7-10 centimeters. The vertical type of shutter is more demanding in this regard, since it needs a minimum of 15 centimeters of free space for installation.
3. Before purchasing the device, make sure that all its elements are in good working order. Ideally, you can check the functionality of the product.
4. Only having provided for all the technical nuances, you can pay attention to external aspects. The ladder grate is made of plastic, metal, with a variety of shapes, and so on. The choice already depends directly on your wishes and requirements.

Mounting

If you have already encountered the installation of a hydraulic shutter, then a ladder equipped with a dry siphon will not cause problems during installation. All because there are no fundamental differences.

An important condition for a competent installation is the provision of high-quality waterproofing for the system. To achieve this, apply modern materials isolation. Under certain conditions and needs, they also carry out sound insulation, do not disregard the issue of insulation.

The installation of the device should be carried out in such a way that the grate of the ladder is on the same level with the floor finish. Due to this, you will not encounter discomfort during operation, you will not hit it while walking around the room.

As practice shows, the dry principle ladder guarantees trouble-free and reliable operation of the sewerage system. It becomes especially relevant when evaporation from the water seal occurs due to rare operation, or other factors that cause water to be drained.

Of course, without the appropriate experience and knowledge, it is not recommended to do the installation yourself. To save strength and your own nerves, it is better to contact specialists with the necessary qualifications. They will quickly carry out the installation, ensure a really reliable and efficient operation of the system. You can fully appreciate the advantages of this type of ladder.

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Dry shutter - best defense from the penetration of unpleasant odors from the sewer

One of the most popular devices for wastewater systems is a sewer drain. They are designed to receive and discharge wastewater from a horizontal floor surface into the sewer system. These devices are found wide application in residential, public and industrial buildings. The design of the ladder should provide the following functions:

• drain water quickly and efficiently;
• filter wastewater from large contaminants;
• prevent the penetration of unpleasant odors into the room.

Advantages and scope of dry drain

Until recently, only ladders with a hydraulic seal were produced. A water seal is a certain way, filled with water, which prevents the penetration of unpleasant odors from the sewerage system into the room. Such a shutter requires periodic renewal in the form of a strait with water. The most common problem in the operation of sewer drains with a hydraulic seal is the drying up of water and the unpleasant odors that the sewer is rich in, freely enter the room, causing inconvenience to people.

Scheme of assembly of ladders with straight and oblique outlets

Let's figure out what can cause the drying of the water seal. There are many reasons, and the most basic among them are: the ladder is used occasionally (for example, it is located in the guest bathroom, in the shower room of the hotel complex or is designed to drain water in case of an emergency leak, and not for regular everyday use), heated floors, high air temperature indoors, hot climate, failure of the water seal due to design errors in the sewerage system.

At present, the requirements are becoming more stringent, people need comfortable use of devices, excluding additional labor costs for device maintenance.

The way out of this situation is to use a drain equipped with a dry shutter, and this solution is becoming increasingly popular.

This device does not allow the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the absence of a water seal and does not require frequent maintenance. A dry seal for sewerage can work both independently and as a set with a water seal, when each of them complements each other.

Dry shutter device

The most common devices:

1. Membrane. Under the pressure of the water passing through the ladder, the shutter opens, and after the passage of water, the spring moves the membrane to its original position. Access to unpleasant odors is reliably blocked.
2. Float. It works due to the fact that the float is always on the surface of the water seal, and when the water evaporates, the float is at the very bottom and closes the passage.
3. Pendulum. Under the influence of gravitational forces, the mechanical device constantly strives to take a position that blocks the sewer pipe.
4. Based on the molecular memory properties of the material. Tubes of elastic material are used, which always tends to return to its original shape.

Dry and combined drains are made of durable materials (mainly a plastic body and a stainless steel grate) using modern equipment. The lineup of these devices expands, you can pick up a dry ladder, equipped check valve to protect against ingress of sewage from the sewer system into the premises in case of flooding, as well as to select models that can be operated in unheated premises at sub-zero temperatures, as well as heavy-duty ones that can remain airtight with a significant shock load.

Main technical parameters

When choosing any sewer drain, including those with a dry seal, it is imperative to pay attention to a number of the following important technical points: the direction of the outlet and its diameter, throughput and its height. The drain at the ladders is either located horizontally (straight and oblique bends are made), or vertically (directed down). The next parameter to consider is the diameter of the outlet. There are ladders with 50 and 100 mm. In residential construction, ladders with a conditional passage of 50 mm are mainly used; they must ensure the removal of wastewater in an amount of at least 0.7 l / s. Drains with a conditional passage of 100 mm are installed in public premises and at industrial facilities, they must ensure the discharge of wastewater of more than 2.1 l / s. When choosing a sewer ladder, great attention should be paid to such a parameter as the height of the ladder (in modern models height ranges from 7 to 18 cm). ladder made of quality materials has an almost unlimited lifespan.

Installation of a sewer ladder

Installing a dry device is no different from installing a drain with a water seal. It must be remembered that from quality installation, correct connection to the sewerage system and the proper selection of the drain drain determines its service life, the safety of water leakage and the aesthetic appearance after finishing. The installation of the drain entails some lifting of the floor in the shower room or other room in which it is necessary to divert waste water from a horizontal floor surface. It is extremely important to create a slope of the floor to direct the water to the drain.

The floor in the room in which the sewer drain is installed should be a system consisting of several layers:

• material providing thermal and sound insulation (for example, polystyrene foam);
• concrete screed;
• membrane material with waterproofing properties;
• concrete screed that sets required slope towards the ladder;
• ceramic floor tiles with a rough surface and a minimum percentage of water absorption, which are laid on a special adhesive solution.

When implementing installation work when connecting to the sewer, it must be remembered that the grate of the drain is installed flush with the floor surface and should not protrude above the tiles located in the immediate vicinity. Tiles are laid, starting from the ladder. The thickness of the joints between tiles should not exceed 2 mm; when sealing the joints, grouts that are resistant to water are used. After completion of the work, the ladder is securely concreted into the floor.

Opt for a dry drain, and you can forget about the musty smell from the sewer, and also you will not need to monitor the regular replenishment of the water seal with water. This device will serve you for many years, reliably perform its functions and delight with ease of maintenance.

The drain HL 310 NPr is used in indoor areas for drainage from floor level. The drain is equipped with a 50 mm water trap ("dry" siphon Primus), which does not let sewer odors into the room when it dries out. Permissible load on the ladder - a maximum of 300 kg. Throughput - 0.5 l / s. Drainage temperature - no more than 85°C (a short-term runoff of water with a temperature of up to 100°C is possible, but for a drain volume - 100-200 liters). Outlet - vertical DN 50/75/110. Weight of the ladder HL 310 NPr - 0.7 kg.

The drain 310NPr has: an extension made of polypropylene with a 123x123 mm subframe, into which a 115x115 mm stainless steel grate is inserted, "dry siphon". The body is made of polyethylene with a "plate" for picking up waterproofing.

The price of the ladder HL 310 NPr is 2237 rubles.

Features of installation of the ladder HL 310NPr: The height of the extension element of the ladder is adjustable from 12 to 70 mm (it is cut to the height of the screed). You can not cut the body! Because this will reduce throughput. If it is necessary to increase the height of the ladder, HL extensions (340 N and 85 N) are used. If the drain is installed in a gap in the waterproofing, then the rubber sealing ring is not placed on the extension. The absence of a ring makes it possible for water that has fallen on the waterproofing to drain freely into the sewer through special channels in the extension element and the drain body. If sheet material of the type - bituminous sheet, EPDM or PVC membrane, etc. is used as a waterproofing, then for a tight connection of the waterproofing with the drain body, it is necessary to use a stainless steel flange HL83.0 (for EPDM / PVC membranes) or HL83.H (for bituminous cloth). Flanges are not included in the scope of supply and must be ordered separately.

How the Primus siphon works

Siphon while draining Water seal drying out Siphon in "dry" condition

1. Siphon body

2. Float

3. Air in the body of the float

4. Water (water lock)

Components of the drain HL 310 NPr:

	grille HL 037Pr.1E
	Mounting plug HL 037N.0E