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Ladders plastic characteristics. Ladder for sewerage: types, selection criteria, features. Advantages and scope of dry drain

One of the required elements sewer system is a ladder. Installed in the drain hole, it serves not only to divert drain water into the sewer, while filtering out large debris, but also to prevent unpleasant odors from entering the room from the pipes. Of course, if everything was done correctly when choosing and installing it.

Device

The drainage system includes:

  1. The outer casing, which is a funnel for receiving water. Through it, the waste water is drained and discharged from the room.
  2. Siphon equipped with a removable grate. It is built into the body to prevent large debris from entering the sewer. Also, the siphon is equipped with a water seal that prevents the penetration of odors from the sewer.
  3. Branch with a coupling, with which the device is attached to the sewer pipes. Located on the bottom of the case.

Also, various seals or clamping devices are attached to the kit, with the help of which the maximum tightness of the entire system is ensured.

Kinds

There are several types of sewer drains. They may differ in several parameters, for example, the material of manufacture.

Devices made of this material are the most popular and are widely used even in sanitary facilities. To the benefits plastic systems refer to their durability and resistance to significant loads. In addition, they are not affected by various chemicals and aggressive environments. The light weight of the plastic makes it easy to install the device.

Such products can be decorated with removable or fixed gratings. And their height most often varies from 75 to 180 mm.

Such sewer ladders are most often installed in large industrial enterprises. But also suitable for showers, swimming pools, toilets, laboratories, etc. Among the undoubted advantages are durability and significant throughput.

At the same time, cast iron systems are very heavy, which makes their installation difficult. However, at present, some manufacturers are trying to eliminate this drawback by making cast iron ladders more compact and lighter.

Most suitable material for installation in rooms with increased requirements for compliance with sanitary standards (laboratories, hospitals, etc.).

Stainless steel drains are easy to clean and easy to install.

type of instalation

In addition, the ladders may differ in the type of installation:

  1. Vertical. They have a much greater capacity and are used in the supply of sewage.
  2. Horizontal. They are convenient to use both in private houses and in apartments of high-rise buildings. The drain with this option is connected to the pipes by means of a lateral (horizontal supply).

There may be differences in the shape of the upper grille, which is round, square, rectangular.

In addition, shower drains can be adjustable. Such a system allows you to adjust the length of the drain, "adjusting" it to the thickness of the base of the floor covering.

What to consider when choosing?

The choice of a sewer ladder should be approached very responsibly, since in the event of a breakdown it will be quite difficult to dismantle and reinstall - for this it will be necessary to disassemble the floor, remove the screed. At the same time, the material of great importance when choosing does not have.

The first thing to consider when choosing is the number of drains. It is this parameter that determines the size of the ladder. For an ordinary shower cabin, for example, medium specimens are suitable.

Important! The installed system must pass at least 1.2 liters of wastewater per second.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the direction of abduction Wastewater and the size of the pipes where the system will be connected.

System installation

To install the system, it is advised to invite specialists. However, if a decision is made to carry out the work independently, then it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions attached to the gangway.

The installation process begins, as a rule, with digging a trench. Its width must exceed the size of the pipes of the system (the indent must be at least 50–100 mm on each side). Having prepared a ditch, they lay the planned channels.

At the same time, it is important to remember that a certain slope is observed so that the water flows into the place designated for this.

When laying pipes and installing a ladder system, it is necessary to ensure that all elements fit exactly to each other and are securely joined to each other.

Finally, the entire system must be connected to the sewer through the outlet channel.

When everything is ready, the trench is lined with hydro and thermal insulation materials. And after checking the correct assembly of all connections, they proceed to pouring. To do this, you can use cement or epoxy composition. They fill the entire space around the channels, carefully making sure that not a single element is displaced.

Finally, a floor covering is laid on the leveled surface of the screed.

376 views

To ensure the functionality of the sewer, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a sewer ladder. What is a ladder? A special element used in construction, the purpose of which is to:

  • liquid withdrawal;
  • filtration of large contaminants;
  • preventing the formation of unpleasant odors.

Device

sewer ladder consists of the following elements:

  1. The body is in the form of an oblong tube with an extension at the top. Performs the function of diverting water.
  2. Grille (so-called front panel). Acts as a filter. The grate is the only element of the ladder that can be decorated. There are round/square/rectangular faceplates.
  3. Siphon. Prevents the development of unfavorable odors. There are several types of siphons: with a mechanical / dry / water seal. The most common is a water seal (it is made of durable materials such as steel or enameled aluminum to increase the service life).
  4. Sealant and clamping elements.

Above is the main device of the product. Various modifications and improvement of the design by various manufacturers are possible. Ask the store staff for more information.

Classification

By material:

  1. Plastic. Plastic ladder - the most common type of product. Plastic parts resistant to aggressive environments, easy to clean, decorate, have a low weight and long service life. Plastic sewer products are designed for installation in residential areas.
  2. Cast iron. Suitable for rooms with harsh operating conditions. They have the highest throughput. Are established in pools, bathrooms.
  3. From stainless steel. It is often used in medical, health, public institutions where high hygiene standards are required.

By installation type:

  1. Vertical. In a vertical product, the throughput increases, but special conditions for installation are required.
  2. Horizontal. It is universal, does not require special conditions for installation, but at the same time, the throughput is reduced.

Product selection criteria

Before purchasing ladders in a specialized store, you need to know the criteria for selecting a product.

  1. The size. The size is determined by the average volume of stocks. Consult with the seller, provide the necessary information about the future operation of the ladder. Often, for domestic purposes (for example, in a bathroom), medium-sized ladders are selected.
  2. Material. The selection of material depends on the initial needs and purpose of operation. For domestic purposes, it is recommended to select plastic and stainless steel, for more serious structures (for example, public swimming pools) - cast iron.
  3. Equipment. Pay special attention to the built-in siphon, sleeve section, throughput, maximum degree of load on the drain. The presence of instructions for installation and operation of the finished product is welcome. Check the quality, the integrity of the packaging, the presence of damage on the product before paying for the purchase.
  4. Drainage diameter. The recommended diameter for residential buildings is 50 mm, for public places - 100 mm.

For more information, contact a hardware store sales assistant. You will be provided with a free consultation, taking into account individual requirements and wishes for the finished product.

Price policy

Buy ready product available at a hardware store. It is also possible to purchase online. Online purchase is recommended for advanced users who know the principles of product selection and installation. For beginners, a preliminary consultation with the seller is recommended to determine the future material, the main parameters of the product.

The cost of ladders varies depending on the following components:

  • manufacturer's pricing policy;
  • material of the finished product;
  • equipment;
  • scope of destination (sewerage of a public place or residential premises requires different kinds and characteristics of the finished product).

Sewer ladders, depending on the parameters indicated above, can be purchased from 700 rubles.

Mounting Features

More:

  1. The slope of the floor on which the product will be installed. Water flowing down flooring, must fall exactly into the drain so as not to disrupt the functionality of the entire system.
  2. The front panel must be located flush with the floor (its top cover).
  3. Start finishing the floor immediately after installing the finished product. It is necessary to start from the center, gradually moving to the space under the wall.
  4. Start installing the finished product with markup. Mark the place for future installation, the drainage system and other little things that are involved in the installation process.
  5. After installation, adjust the height of the product, install a drain funnel, match the slope of the pipe to the required value.
  6. Make a concrete, wooden or iron flooring. concrete deck takes more time and is a more complex form of flooring. When installing wooden frame special attention should be paid to the density of the coating.

Self-installation is a time-consuming process that requires preliminary preparation, the availability of specialized construction tools, awareness and understanding of the key principles of construction.

The best installation option is professional installation. Hire a construction team who, for a pre-voiced amount, will install the necessary elements. You can save time and be sure of the quality and durability of the newly built system.

Conclusion

Before purchasing a finished product, you must determine the following parameters:

  1. Sphere of destination (designs will differ depending on the domestic or public sphere of use).
  2. Future material and design of the required product.
  3. Connection features. Get additional training (both theoretical and practical) if you plan to do the connection yourself, or look for a quality construction team to carry out the relevant work.
  4. The specifics of the coating and installation features of the product.

The sewer ladder is a special kind drain funnel built directly into the floor or any other horizontal surface. Such a funnel works both as a waste outlet and as a siphon, ensuring efficient drainage of wastewater and the absence of a specific sewer smell in the serviced area.

A typical sewer ladder consists of the following structural elements:

  • front panel , embedded in a plane, in a specially equipped cavity.
  • receiving funnel located under the panel. Using a funnel, you can adjust the installation height of the drain by installing the product in a slab with a thickness of 50 to 200 millimeters.
  • Base cases with overflow , forming a hydraulic seal, or with a dry valve. Moreover, at the base there can be either one or several branches, with the help of which the ladder is connected to several sewer branches at once or crashes into an existing pipeline.
  • Cups and grates . The cup insert holds large inclusions. The grill traps hair and filters drains.

  • Seals and fasteners , sealing the junctions of the constituent elements of the body. With the help of seals, you can fix the drain outlet in the socket of the sewer pipe, fix the funnel in the body and seal the gap under the front panel.

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The drain point in the shower and the ladder are arranged in a similar way. storm sewer, and a funnel in industrial premises. The functional purpose of the ladder does not affect the design scheme.

Varieties of ladders for sewerage

The classification of sewer ladders can be built according to the following schemes:

  • By design features

In this case, two groups are distinguished in the assortment: horizontal and vertical. Funnel horizontal ladder oriented vertically, and the drain fitting of the body-base - horizontally. At a vertical ladder, the funnel and drain fitting are oriented along a common axis (vertically).

Horizontal drains are compact and vertical drain points offer maximum flow capacity. For example, through vertical ladder for sewerage systems of buildings 100b, at least 3.5 liters of fluid per second can be passed.

  • Shutter type

In this case, “dry” and “wet” groups are distinguished in the assortment. Dry ladders are arranged according to the scheme check valve- the pressure of the effluents "opens" the membrane or float baffle, which will "slam" after the water leaves the pipeline. Wet drains are arranged according to the siphon scheme with a hydraulic seal - an S-shaped channel is built between the funnel and the drain fitting.

Moreover, dry ladders are considered more reliable than analogues with a hydraulic seal. After all, the water in the S-shaped channel can dry out or simply flow into the sewer pipe in case of excess pressure caused by failures in the fan riser. As a result, the owners of a “wet” ladder run the risk of encountering not the most pleasant odors, the source of which is sewage.

  • According to the type of material used in the manufacture of the ladder

In this case, three groups can be distinguished in the assortment of ladders, namely: plastic, metal and mixed.

Plastic sewer ladder made from structural polymers - polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene. The main advantage of such ladders is the inertness of the structural material. Plastic does not rust or oxidize when in contact with concentrated acids. The main disadvantages are low mechanical and thermal strength. Plastic will not withstand a sharp impact, abrasive load and drain temperatures above 50-70 degrees Celsius.

Steel and cast iron drains made from "stainless steel" or ductile iron. The main advantage of such ladders is high strength. Such a product will withstand impact, high temperature and corrosion. The main disadvantage is the high price.

Composite drains from a mixed group made from metals and polymers. Moreover, only the upper (visible) part of the ladder is made of durable and expensive metal, while the base body and other “internal” elements are made of cheap plastic. Such products will last longer than polymer ladders and will cost less than metal counterparts.

Overview of popular models

To popular models drain points mounted in a plane include the following products:

  • Polish ladder 15 B110 RM , whose body is made of polymer, and the front panel and funnel are made of stainless steel. The height of such a drain can be adjusted by moving the funnel fixed with a flange seal. The diameter of the drain fitting is 110 millimeters. The dimensions of the lattice front panel are 150x150 millimeters. The price is 14 euros.

To collect liquid from the surface of the earth or the floor of the shower room, toilet and other rooms, various receivers are used. In domestic and industrial conditions, a plastic sewer ladder or a stainless steel model is used for such purposes.

The vertical and horizontal sewer discharge ladder GOST 1811-97 is used to drain water from various surfaces (in the shower room, at the sink, from toilets). These devices are classified depending on the material from which they are made, the type of installation and additional elements.

Photo - views

According to the material there are:

  1. Metal. They are made from cast iron, stainless steel and aluminium. Cast iron elements perfectly transport water, have high rates of resistance to moisture and steam, but are very heavy, so they are not used for plastic water systems. For such purposes, lighter ones are mounted - models made of aluminum and alloy steel. Sometimes a metal brass drain is used in private houses - it has Beautiful design and high anti-corrosion properties, are distinguished by a high price;
  2. Plastic sewers are made from recycled plastics (PVC or HDPE). They are not susceptible to corrosion and are very light, but at the same time they can crack under the pressure of drains.

The design of the sewer drain ladder can be vertical and horizontal. Horizontal floor drain can be used for showers, outdoor cabins, apartment toilets and private one-story houses. Vertical trays have a throughput many times higher than horizontal ones, but they cannot be installed in high-rise buildings. For any of the described models, the diameter varies from 70 to 180 mm, and the height is up to 300 mm. The shape of the drain is round, square, rectangular, oval and individual (designed to order).


Photo - metal construction

Depending on the configuration, the sewer drain can be with a water seal or a dry seal, with heating, lighting (ACO ShowerPoint) and other features. Let's consider each of them:



Photo - street rectangular model

How to choose

The dimensions of the sewer drain play a key role. For domestic use models with a diameter of up to 100 mm are used, at the same time, industrial ladders can have a cross section of up to 250 or more. Another important parameter is throughput. It is determined by the material of the funnel and its diameter.


Photo - dry shutter
  1. For a drain made of steel or aluminum, with a diameter of up to 50 mm, the optimal pressure indicator is 1 l / s;
  2. For pipes with a 100 mm branch, the pressure must be at least 2 l / s. They are additionally strengthened, because they belong to pressure sewers.

It is worth considering that nickel-plated polypropylene or stainless steel ladder has a higher throughput than cast iron. Therefore, it is used for rooms where the water pressure is quite high (in public places, houses with more than 4 residents).

Connection

For the installation of a sewer ladder, it is necessary to prepare a drawing of the water supply and drainage system. Installation of the device is done in just half an hour, if everything is at hand necessary fixtures and elements.


It should be noted that when using the funnel in rooms with high humidity, the pipe is additionally waterproofed. This is necessary so that moisture does not penetrate under the floor surface. Once every six months, the drain is cleaned, mechanical brushes, special chemicals or biological compounds can be used to clean it.

Video: installation of a sewer drain

Price overview

Industrial sewer drains can be made by hand, although it is much easier to buy them. Consider how much a flat drain with a dry valve from the manufacturer Advantix Top Viega 100x100 costs:

The price of sewer drains depends on the material of construction, the features of a particular model and the type of installation.

Sewer communications are systems (waste and drain), consisting of many individual components. One of them is a sewer ladder, which is designed to perform the function of diverting / receiving water into the sewer system.

Sewer drains have their own characteristics. And their classification is carried out on the basis of the materials with which they were made. Each type of these products has distinctive characteristics.

Classification and features of sewer ladders

  1. Cast iron. This type of sewer drains is used exclusively in the field of industrial production, where working conditions are characterized by a high degree of complexity. These products, unlike other types of sewer ladders, have the most massive and weighty design. They are easy to operate, unpretentious in maintenance. However, the installation of cast-iron sewer drains is not an easy task, requiring certain knowledge and skills. The main advantages of these products are their high wear resistance and throughput. And the disadvantages include a lot of weight.
  2. Steel. They are made of stainless steel, like sewer trays, they are used in areas in which it is required to strictly observe sanitary norms. In most cases, they are installed in medical institutions and at public catering enterprises. The use of steel sewer ladders as separate drain systems allows solving local problems. It is also permissible to use them in combination with water trays. Stainless steel is used to make not only the body of this type of product, but also covers, as well as gratings. This makes it easy to clean products from the effects of corrosion.
  3. Plastic. These products of this type can be installed in almost any room:
  • pools;
  • laundries;
  • shower cabins;
  • toilets;
  • small specialized laboratories.

Before installing them in the floor, it is necessary to make a slight slope, which will allow the water to drain most smoothly, getting inside the structures of the drain holes.

Plastic sewer drains are equipped with siphons, thanks to which unpleasant odors sewage water unable to enter the premises. And the presence of a lattice does not allow large particles to get inside sewer pipes, thereby preventing the formation of congestion.

The main advantages of this type of sewer ladders are:

  • light weight (this greatly facilitates installation / dismantling);
  • resistance to aggressive environments;
  • durability;
  • affordable price;
  • unpretentiousness in care.

Thanks to the listed pluses, plastic sewer ladders are especially popular.

From the wide range of sewer drains on the market, you can choose the product that is most suitable for you according to the following parameters:

  • the ability to adjust the depth of the product (taking into account the height of the floor);
  • attractive design;
  • throughput.

When choosing a sewer ladder, first of all, it is recommended to determine which of the modifications will achieve the intended goal. Successful acquisitions