The production line on which the production of laminate is carried out. What technologies are used in the production of laminate and how is the process of manufacturing flooring? Flooring production technology

Laminate production - technologically difficult process, which requires the use special technologies and equipment, raw materials and supplies. The first attempts to make a floor covering that remotely resembles a modern laminate date back to the late 70s of the last century, when the Swedish company Perstorp was actively working in this direction. The company then specialized in the manufacture of building materials and installation work, so it was widely known in Europe.

The first laminate prototype had only two layers. Thermally active glue was used to connect them, but only a few years later high-temperature pressing technology began to be used.

An analogue of modern laminate, released by Perstorp, appeared only in the late 80s. At that time, quite a lot of companies worked in this direction, but the most successful was the German company Hornitex. This company has used innovative technologies and equipment to produce a new generation of laminate flooring, so it has managed to create a flooring with good performance and high wear resistance. It was the Germans who first began to make a laminate consisting of 4 layers.

Today, companies are using similar technologies to produce laminate flooring. In short, the production process includes the following stages:

• Production of HDF board.
• Impregnation of the upper layers.
• Connection of all 4 layers under high-temperature influence.
• Boarding process.
• Sawing and milling laminated boards.

First, the creation of an HDF board is performed, which is a modified version of fiberboard with an increased density (more than 850 kg / m3). As the density of the plate increases, its main operational characteristics will also grow - strength indicators and resistance to moisture.

1. As the main raw material for the production of the board, wood (often pine), peeled from the bark, is used. It is processed on special equipment to the state of wood chips. After that, the resulting chips are washed, thereby removing foreign particles (various contaminants), heated with steam in special containers up to 170-180 degrees, which makes it possible to soften the raw material. Heating leads to the fact that the chips become plastic, so they are then crushed into fibers.
2. In the resulting mass of wood fibers, various components and binders (polymers, resins, etc.) are added. Next, the wood pulp is dried, removing almost all moisture from it.
3. Then the dried wood pulp enters the conveyor, where it is leveled and pre-pressed, which allows to reduce the thickness of the layer and remove all the air. It is at this stage that the wood pulp becomes like a finished slab.
4. Moving further along the conveyor, the wood board is cut along the length and width to the specified overall dimensions.
5. Next, the finished fibreboards are cooled and stored.
6. On the last step HDF boards are ground and calibrated. Special machines make them as smooth as possible.

In the event that it is required to achieve the maximum possible moisture resistance of the HDF board, at one of the stages the wood pulp is impregnated with special hydrophobic compounds.

Upper layers impregnation

In the production of laminate, impregnation is the impregnation of the material with various resin compositions and liquid protective components. Different manufacturers use different formulations to impregnate the material. The strength and wear-resistant properties of the surface, including the service class, will depend on the recipe and technology used. During impregnation, corundum particles are often used to improve the characteristics of the panel.

For impregnation, a special roll system is usually used, where the top layers of the laminated coating pass through baths filled with resins and various additives, where they are impregnated and dried.

It is interesting to note that many large companies that specialize in the production of laminate flooring have long abandoned the impregnation of the top layers, because. they buy this part of the laminate ready-made from specialized companies.

Slab cladding

To obtain a high-quality laminated panel, it is required to subject the workpiece in the form of an HDF board to cladding using an overlay (protective layer), films of special paper and resin. Various technologies can be used for this. The following production methods can be distinguished:

• CML, RML.
• ELESGO.

Some of these methods have been used for a long time, and some are the most modern. At the same time, different manufacturers can use both traditional and modern methods. When choosing a laminate for your home, it would be nice to clarify which technology was used by the factory.

HPL and CPL technologies

Initially, only HPL technology was used for the production of laminate, which is presented in the form of a laminating process. This process involves bonding laminate layers using special adhesives. Gluing can occur in hot, warm, cold ways. Most commonly used and used hot way gluing, because when using it, a sufficiently high quality of the connection of materials is obtained.

The process steps are as follows:

1. First, the materials to be bonded are cleaned from contamination.
2. Next, the adhesive composition and a special hardener are applied.
3. Then the two layers to be connected are pressed at a temperature of 250-300 degrees at a pressure of 200-250 MPa.

At the first stage, the decorative layer and the overlay are glued together. In the bonding process, top layers can be used both before and after impregnation. If the impregnation has already been carried out, then when connecting the layers by high-temperature pressing, adhesive compositions are not additionally added.

At the second stage, in order to obtain an already finished product, several layers are subjected to gluing at once: the top layer, the base in the form of HDF board, and the lower stabilization layer.

CPL is one of modern species HPL technology, in which special presses are used to connect the layers, presented in the form of conveyors. With CPL technology, the top layer passes through roller presses that are heated to a high temperature, as a result of which it is rolled onto the HDF base.

DPL, CML and PDL technologies

Most often, modern laminate manufacturers use DPL technology. When it is used, it is implied that all layers of the laminated panel are simultaneously pressed at high temperature. The most important thing is that this technology does not imply the use of adhesives, because the layers are preliminarily impregnated with melamine resins, therefore, it is with their help that the surfaces are glued together, because. at a temperature of 200-250 degrees, the resin melts and connects the layers. After heating and curing, the melamine resin and the top protective layer form a single surface layer of the laminate floor.

In some cases, manufacturers can additionally use layers of kraft paper, which is placed between the decorative coating layer and the HDF board. This approach allows to improve the quality of the laminate to some level. This technology is a variation of DPL and is called CML (RML).

AT last years PDL technology has become widespread, which involves the use of special equipment with which it is possible to apply a decorative pattern (for example, imitation of stone or wood) directly on the HDF plate. When using this technology, production labor costs are reduced, because there is no need to additionally deal with the creation of a decorative layer and the use of paper / cardboard.

If the manufacturer uses ELESGO technology, then the manufacturing process implies a special way to create a top protective layer of the coating. The hardening of resin and other liquid components in this case occurs under the influence of an electron beam, while machines for pressing and high-temperature exposure are not used. Also, among the differences, one can single out the fact that when using this production method, acrylate resins are used, and not standard melamine.

ELESGO implies that the top layer of the laminate will consist of three additional layers at once. During the production process, the decorative layer is covered with two layers of overlay at once, which were made from acrylate resins and corundum. This approach allows you to give the laminated floor sufficiently high strength characteristics, increased resistance to scratches and operational abrasion.

After connecting these three layers, the resulting "pie" is irradiated with an electron beam, which allows the materials to harden and create an elastic film of increased strength on the surface.

Further, the production of the laminate takes place in a standard way: a temperature-active adhesive composition is applied to the HDF board from both sides, after which all the main layers of the laminated panel are pressed under the influence of high temperature and a press.

The main advantage of using the ELESGO technology is that solvents are not used in the manufacturing process, which makes it possible to obtain products with the highest possible level of environmental friendliness. Acrylate resin compositions are antistatic, as transparent as possible, so the decorative layer obtained in this way has an excellent appearance.

Sawing and milling

To obtain laminated panels of the desired size, sawing and milling are used at the last stage of laminate production. Laminate sheets are cut into boards of the required size using special sawing equipment.

As soon as the panels are cut, they are sent for milling, where the creation of a locking system of the laminated coating, cutting of spikes and grooves in the end part of the panel takes place. The lock system from different manufacturers may have a different configuration - everything will depend on the technologies and solutions used.

After sawing and milling, many manufacturers additionally treat the boards with waterproof wax compounds in order to endow the material with moisture-resistant characteristics. Only then does the cleanup take place. finished products, their packaging, warehousing and transportation to points of sale are carried out.

The manufacturing process of laminate flooring is constantly being improved. The following areas are actively developing:

• Modernization of the production process as a whole.
• Technological modernization of laminated panels (improving the functionality and durability of lock joints, endowing the boards with thermal and sound insulation characteristics, improving the resistance of the entire coating to liquids, etc.).
• Improving the appearance of a laminated floor (using various design solutions, creating material structure, varying the shapes and sizes of finished products).

Every year the characteristics of the laminate are improving, so soon this particular type floor covering will become the most popular among private and corporate clients. As the quality of the panels improves, in a highly competitive environment, there is also a price reduction, so everyone can afford a modern laminate today.

We present to your attention the project "Production of laminate and woodworking".

The business plan is developed on the basis of the actual data of the operating enterprise.

Highly qualified employees with experience in the industry took part in the creation of the project.

The business plan complies with international and Russian standards (UNIDO, TACIS, EBRD, Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Agriculture) and will adequately present your project in Russian and international banks, as well as government agencies at all levels.

If necessary, the specialists of our company will make adjustments to the financial calculations and the descriptive part of the project in a short time in order to ensure that the business plan fully complies with your parameters.

The project is provided in the format of working files, in which you can make changes yourself or by qualified employees: a financial model (based on Excel) and a Word (Powerpoint) file.

Main parameters of the project:

Quantitative indicators: Volume of production - 900 thousand sq.m. in year

Investment size:

• in dollars 3 500 000
• in euros 2 911 407
• in rubles 99 970 967

Payback period of the project, years: 1,3

Basic document settings

• Number of pages - 43
• Number of charts - 17
• Number of tables - 19

1 PROJECT SUMMARY

1.1 Goals and objectives of the project

Project initiator: XXXXX. The initiator plans to register a company, which will subsequently buy out a 100% share of the already operating enterprise LLC "ХХХХХ" engaged in timber processing in the city of ХХХХХ.

The company plans to produce the following types of products:

• laminated parquet;
• furniture board;
• beam;
• skirting boards, platbands, boxes and other products.

In addition, within the framework of the project, it is planned to receive income from the sale of timber processing waste (trimmings, sawdust, shavings).

To achieve the set goals, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

• attraction of investments;
• acquisition of an operating enterprise;
• acquisition of a new production line and other machines and equipment (enterprise development);
• launch of the technological line, debugging of business processes.

1.2 Project indicators

The economic efficiency of the project was confirmed by calculating the traditional financial indicators used in the project analysis.

The project calculation horizon is 60 months (5 years).

Table 1. Financial indicators of the project

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№	Name of indicator	Indicator value
1	Project calculation horizon, years	5
2	Project calculation horizon, months	60
3	The amount of capital invested in the project (LDC), USD	3 500 000
4	Revenue for the project period (SP), USD	33 235 316
5	Net profit for the project period, USD	12 568 074
6	Average profitability for the project period	37,8%
7	Discount rate (DR), %	8,5%
8	Net present value (NPV), USD	9 327 463
9	Average rate of return on investment (ARR)	71,8%
10	Return on invested capital	359,1%
11	Profitability Index (PI)	3,66
12	Internal rate of return (IRR)	326,0%
13	Modified ext. rate of return (MIRR)	263,2%
14	Payback period (PBP), months	15
15	Payback period (PBP), years	1,3
16	Discounted payback period (DPBP), months	16
17	Discounted payback period (DPBP), years	1,3

1 PROJECT SUMMARY

1.1 Goals and objectives of the project
1.2 Project indicators

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 general description project
2.2 Description of the acquiree

General description of the plant
Product range
Technologies used
Plant equipment

2.3 Description of the laminate production line

general description
Products
Line placement requirements
Equipment list

3 OVERVIEW OF THE LAMINATE PARQUET MARKET IN RUSSIA

3.1 Main goals and objectives of the study

General provisions
Goals and objectives of the study

3.2 Types of parquet
3.3 Demand estimates
3.4 Import of laminated parquet to Russia
3.5 Production of laminated parquet in Russia

general review
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX

3.6 Russian companies selling parquet
3.7 Main manufacturers of laminated parquet abroad

4 INVESTMENT PLAN
5 ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN

5.1 Project management
5.2 Stages of project implementation
5.3 Day-to-day project management

6 PRODUCTION PLAN

6.1 Enterprise products
6.2 Design capacity of the plant
6.3 Structure finished products and processing volumes

7 COMMERCIAL PLAN

7.1 Types of income received from the project
7.2 Pricing policy
7.3 Structure and volume of income

8 FINANCIAL PLAN

8.1 Conditions for attracting investment resources
8.2 Project income
8.3 Project costs

fixed costs
variable costs
Depreciation
taxes

8.4 Financial indicators of the project

9 PROJECT RISK ANALYSIS

9.1 Factors affecting the company's performance
9.2 Quantitative risk analysis

Sensitivity analysis
findings

10 DESCRIPTION OF THE CALCULATION
11 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

11.1 List of tables
11.2 List of figures

APPENDIX 1. SALES PLAN
APPENDIX 2. FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE PROJECT

Cash flow plan (Cash Flow, BDDS)
Profit and loss plan (Statement of Earnings, Profit and Loss, BDR)
Forecast balance (Balance, Statement of Financial Position)
Calculation of payback and indicators of investment analysis

1 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

1.1 List of tables

Table 1. Financial and investment indicators of the project
Table 2. Investment budget
Table 3. Calendar and financial plan
Table 4. Staffing with salaries
Table 5. Production capacity of the plant
Table 6. Production plan
Table 7. Sales prices of the plant's products
Table 8. Structure of income by areas of activity for the project period
Table 9. Sales plan
Table 10. Loan attraction and repayment schedule
Table 11. Structure of income by areas of activity for the project period
Table 12. Fixed costs
Table 13. Variable costs
Table 14. Taxes
Table 15. Analysis of the cost structure (in relation to revenue)
Table 16. Indicators of investment analysis for the project
Table 17. The impact of changing individual parameters on project performance indicators
Table 18. Project sensitivity analysis

1.2 List of figures

Figure 1. Forecast of the dynamics of the total demand for laminated parquet in the Russian Federation
Figure 2. Producing country of laminated parquet imported for 8 months of XXXX, according to customs statistics
Figure 3. Structure of investment costs
Figure 4. Schedule for financing investment costs
Figure 5. Financing of investment costs on an accrual basis
Figure 6 Organizational structure companies
Figure 7. Reaching design capacity (laminate production)
Figure 8. Growth in laminate production
Figure 9. Growth in output
Figure 10. Dynamics of sales proceeds and direct costs
Figure 11. Structure of revenue
Figure 12. Structure of fixed costs (to the total volume of fixed costs)
Figure 13. The ratio of fixed and variable costs
Figure 14. Structure of tax payments (over the project period)
Figure 15. Cost structure (in relation to sales revenue)
Figure 16. Cash flows for the project
Figure 17. Payback of the project

Laminate is one of the most popular types of flooring. This is due not only to its aesthetic appearance, but also to reliability, easy installation and other equally important characteristics.

Helpful information! At the present time, the production of laminate has become so popular and in demand that it is replacing many of the positions of other once-famous floor coverings, including natural flooring and parquet.

And all this because the laminate flooring has many advantages, including durability, easy installation and easy maintenance.

In addition, unlike natural flooring, laminated is much cheaper and has an attractive appearance, so most consumers prefer it.

Laminate of high quality and performance is produced only with the help of modern equipment and under certain conditions.

Area of ​​use.

• Laminate coating can be used in almost any area of ​​construction, since, in addition to additional positive qualities, it has two of the most important ones, namely, strength and practicality:
• If a person decides to make repairs and get a new floor covering, he can choose it in any color or shade, regardless of the design and style of the room. This is due to the fact that the laminate is produced in a wide variety of colors, pick up desired color for the premises will not be difficult, which cannot be said about parquet board;
• Laminate coating is perfect not only for residential premises, but also for public ones, including offices, trading floors, shops. Most manufacturers make this flooring, which is designed for high traffic conditions. Most companies give a guarantee on their products for 7 years or more;
• Install laminate flooring even in industrial buildings and sports facilities, since it has increased strength, be sure to use a substrate under the laminate. It consists of components that provide reliability and strength, allow you to withstand heavy loads, including working machines, training equipment.
• Thanks to such positive qualities, it becomes obvious that laminate is a more profitable and practical material, unlike parquet, which, in addition to its attractive appearance, cannot provide high strength to the floor covering, and therefore is not suitable for high-use conditions.

History of flooring.

Laminate became popular in Europe in the last century, namely in the mid-eighties. At that time, many manufacturers tried to get ahead of each other in terms of the quality and strength of the material produced.

European manufacturers, even in our time, have managed to maintain their leadership among many laminate manufacturers in other countries of the world. They produce not only high-quality laminated flooring, but also use new technologies and modern equipment for its manufacture.

Useful information! Although it is impossible to throw aside other manufacturers who produce laminate of not the worst quality. It's just that their brand is not as popular and promoted as the brand of a European manufacturer. Today in China, Russia, Ukraine, the production of laminated panels has been established at a fairly high level.

Companies involved in the production of this material use new technologies that are constantly being improved, its qualities and characteristics are improving. On the market building materials more and more often you can find new items, various colors that perfectly imitate marble, wood, granite or other intricate designs.

Many will be interested to know that a laminated coating of various textures is available today, with interesting patterns. You can buy a laminate with photo printing. For many rooms, you can choose a floor covering that will blend perfectly with the design of the room.

Many construction supermarkets can offer laminate flooring in a wide range and various color schemes.

Since the demand for laminate is only increasing, it is becoming more and more popular among consumers, it became necessary to draw the attention of the Association of European Manufacturers to it, which controls the quality of the production of these products. In addition, the Association is the main and only developer of laminate standards.

What is the structure of the laminate.

The laminated board has four layers, which consist of:

The top layer is coated with malamine or acrylic resins, which in turn reliably protect the panel from abrasion, scratches, impacts, punching and other mechanical loads.

The protective layer is followed by a decorative one. It imitates various drawings:

• Wood of any species;
• ceramic tiles;
• Stone.

Then comes the main layer, which mainly consists of a high density fiberboard. It is this layer that plays an important role in the laminate, as it is responsible for:

• Required rigidity;
• Thermal insulation;
• Noise absorption.

The photo shows how laminated panels move along the protractor, acquiring a complete look.

In the layer that plays the main role, there is a lock with which the panels are connected to each other.

The level of resistance to deformation of laminated elements under the influence of moisture depends on the moisture resistance and density of the plates.

The bottom layer is called the stabilizing layer. It is responsible for protecting the panels from deformation, provides sufficient rigidity.

The durability of the flooring depends on its quality, and as a rule, you have to pay for it. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the laminate that is cheap as attractive, most likely, it does not have the qualities that will ensure a long service life.

Some manufacturers of laminated panels improve their product by gluing a fifth layer to its bottom layer, that is, a soundproofing substrate, which significantly improves the soundproofing quality of the flooring.

laminate classes.

The wear resistance class of laminated panels is determined by the thickness and strength of the layer covered with melamine resin.

There are two types of laminate, depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bits use. Thus, they distinguish:

• commercial group;
• household group.

In turn, the household group is divided into classes:

• There are 21 classes that are designed to withstand a small load. Such a laminate is used only in residential premises, that is, in offices, libraries, quiet bedrooms;
• Distinguish class 22, which is designed to withstand the load of an average degree. It is mounted in reception rooms, classrooms, shops small size, large office space, etc;
• Laminated panels of class 23 are laid in rooms where flooring is required, which must withstand a high degree of stress. It can be kitchens, hallways.

The commercial group is also not single and is divided into the following classes;

• class 31 is mounted in public premises with a light load. For example in small rooms, conference rooms;
• Class 32 is more suitable for public areas where the flooring must withstand moderate loads, i.e. reception areas, small shops, large offices, etc.;
• Class 33 laminate is laid in public spaces, restaurants, cinemas, large supermarkets, gyms with a high load.
• The service life of a laminate of any class depends on how correctly it is exploited. If such a floor covering is laid correctly, then follow the care instructions according to the manufacturer's instructions, then the laminate will last a very long time.

Floor covering technology.

At the present time, the laminate is produced using a variety of technologies, including DPL, HPL, CPL, DPR. This flooring is based on chipboard, MDF, HDF.

Above all, remember that the term lamination means the connection of all layers. It provides the material with high strength.

Below is a description of all available and modern technologies production, which today is used by many manufacturers for the manufacture of laminated board.

Someone may mistakenly think that the photo above is an image of the skin, but this is not so. It's actually laminate. modern production.

DIRECTRARESSURELAMIATE technology

Today, DPL is considered the most famous technology in the manufacture of laminate, in a simple way, in this way, a direct-pressure laminated coating is produced. This method is used by approximately 90% manufacturing enterprises.

The technology involves the imposition of a surface protective layer on a layer of paper with a decorative pattern. Then comes the main layer. Next, a paper sheet of the stabilizing layer is placed under the plate that forms the base.

Helpful information! The wood fiber board, which has a high HDF density, is taken from the board. The slab that will form the base is pre-sanded to create the necessary conditions for high-quality bonding of all layers.

The result is a layered laminated board cake, which is then sent to the press. In this equipment, the process of sintering of all layers under high pressure and temperature. Sintering lasts no more than half a minute or a minute.

• When the paper is impregnated with melamine resin and heated, the layers adhere very strongly not only to each other but also to the substrate. In order for the laminated sheet to have additional strength characteristics, in addition to melamine resin, aluminum oxide or, as it is also called corundum, is introduced into the surface layer.
• Corundum provides the surface layer of the plate with high resistance to abrasion. It is this quality that great importance when it is necessary to determine which class of wear resistance and load the plate belongs to.
• After the pressing process is completed, the laminated board looks like a solid monolith, which is difficult to destroy without damaging the products. The surface structure of the elements is given by embossing, that is, pressing, which is carried out using a mold.
• The structure of the surface of the laminated elements is given by the matrix, which is located in the press. One matrix is ​​responsible for a certain structure on the surface, so to get the elements different structures, matrices in the press can be replaced.

HIGHPARESSURELAMIATE technology.

The HIGHPARESSURELAMIATE or HPL technology involves the production of flooring under high pressure. As a result of its application, particularly durable and reliable laminated elements are obtained.

The technology is carried out using pressing, which takes place in two stages. First, the top layer is formed, which includes:

• decorative layer;
• Surface protective layer;
• One extra layer or multiple kraft paper layers.

The result is a high-strength and thick layer. You might even think why other additional layers, if the thickness of the top layer is enough for the flooring.

A prepared surface layer is glued to the base of the slab from above. Then, following the DPL technology, a stabilizing layer is applied from below to the main plate.

This technology is perfect for the manufacture of high-strength countertops, facing materials. It is used in shipbuilding, car building, etc.

Having decided to buy laminated panels made using DPL technology, you need to remember that such flooring material will cost a penny, since such production is very expensive and costly. It is very difficult to depict any embossing on the elements.

CONTINUOUSPARESSURELAMIATE technology.

The production technology of CPL laminate is somewhat similar to the production of panels using DPL technology. They differ only in the fact that this production involves adding a couple of layers of kraft paper under the decorating layer of paper.

The result is laminate flooring with improved impact resistance and mechanical damage.

DIRECTPRINT technology.

Unlike previous technologies, DPR production has its own peculiarity. It consists in the fact that the manufacture of laminated coatings is carried out without a decorating layer. During the production of panels, the decor is applied to the plate, which, before applying the pattern, is heated and impregnated with special impregnations.

Finished elements are packed and separated directly on the conveyor.

This technology is popular because:

• Ideal for printing on panels of drawings of any complexity;
• You can save on the production of panels;
• It is possible to produce laminate flooring under the individual order and in small batches.

It is important to remember that laminated panels must be kept in right conditions to keep their original qualities.

Let's sum up.

Laminate production is not as simple as it seems at first glance. This is a technology that consists of many stages that require great attention and patience. Each manufacturer of laminate flooring independently decides which of the above technologies suits him best, while choosing the most optimal, practical and economical option.

Laminate occupies a leading position among many types of facing materials. This is due to its undeniable advantages: impeccable appearance, durability, reliable operation, easy installation. The wear resistance of this material is ensured by the production technology, which appeared in the last century. Having survived to this day, it has undergone significant changes, but today only the positive experience of manufacturers is used. What is the laminate and what is the process of its manufacture?

The laminated board consists of four layers. Top - is a protective coating of malamine and acrylic resins, it is necessary so that the panels do not leave marks, scratches, abrasions and punching as a result of walking. The next one is decorative. It depends on him the compatibility of the flooring with other attributes of furniture and interior. The third layer, undoubtedly, is the main one in the composition of the laminate, it is responsible for the rigidity, strength and other characteristics of the product. The basis is equipped with special locks for connection of panels. Below is a stabilizing layer, which is needed to protect the boards from deformation. There are products with an additional fifth layer, usually such panels have a higher level of sound insulation.

How is the material produced?

The main components of the production of laminated panels are chipboard, MDF and HDF boards. Any laminate production technology is based on the use of these materials, today DPL, CPL, DPR, HPL methods are used. However, in each case, the process consists in connecting all the layers under the influence of high temperatures and pressure.

DPL technology is considered the most common, it is used by 90 percent of foreign and domestic enterprises. We already know what laminate is made of and that the main element in it is fibreboard. It is polished until normal conditions for gluing are created. Having connected all the layers, the tile is sent under the press. The duration of sintering does not exceed one minute, during which time the layers are firmly glued to the base and to each other. Aluminum oxide, which is added to the composition, gives additional strength to the product. Corundum, as it is also called, significantly increases the wear resistance of the product and increases the strength class at times.

High-tech equipment is used for the manufacture of panels. A special mold guarantees high-quality embossing. The output material is a monolithic product, which is very difficult to destroy. For the production of elements different structure use a special matrix, which is located in the press, if necessary, it can be replaced.

Today on the market there are many building materials designed for arranging floors in rooms for various purposes.

A special place among them is occupied by a laminate. It's very durable eco-friendly material which is easy to install and does not require special care behind you. The main equipment for the production of laminate is presented in the form of a panel saw.

Equipment Description

Panel saws provide smooth and clean cuts for:

• wood boards,
• wood fiber panels,
• particle boards,
• laminate,
• laminated chipboard.

In addition, this type of equipment is used in the processing of chipboard, fiberboard and other various materials. Also, panel saws received wide application for cutting various materials that are lined with a decorative film, as well as sawing at a certain angle various lumber, fibreboard and chipboard, plywood sheets and other various sheet materials that are lined with veneer, plastic or laminate.

In addition, this type of machine is sometimes used when processing massive wood blanks, after preliminary trimming of the lower edges in order to prevent the formation of chips.

Due to its versatility, this type of production equipment is often used in the manufacture of furniture and construction, therefore it is very widespread both in large industrial enterprises and small private industries.

The existing equipment for the production of laminate, with which the panel wood-containing materials are cut, can be divided into several types. Such a division is made on the basis of design and functional features.

At the moment, panel-cutting machine equipment is horizontal and vertical, one-sided and two-sided, standard and CNC. When choosing equipment, it is necessary to take into account the purposes for which it is purchased, as well as the expected volumes of output.

For example, inexpensive equipment with a basic set of options is suitable for occasional and short-term work. For industrial scale production, it is recommended to purchase expensive equipment designed for large production loads.