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Oxychom from powdery mildew. Powdery mildew on plants - pathogens and causes, treatment. What is dangerous primitive enemy

Powdery mildew is a rapidly spreading fungal disease of plants. At first, a white powdery coating appears on the leaves, similar to flour or powder. It can be easily erased with a finger and even mistaken for ordinary dust. But it was not there! Before you have time to look back, this infection will reappear, and even in greater numbers, capturing more and more new areas of habitat. Not only leaves become white, but also stems, peduncles. Gradually, the old leaves turn yellow and lose turgor. New - grow ugly and twisted. If measures are not taken to cure powdery mildew, the plant will die.


This is what powdery mildew looks like when magnified
Ulcers at the site of mycelium formation

Powdery mildew disease: where does it come from?

  • the weather outside is cool (15.5-26.5°C), damp (humidity 60-80%), cloudy weather (for example, during the rainy season). Weather conditions have a particularly great influence on outdoor and balcony plants; when grown in rooms, they are not so noticeable;
  • is in the soil a large number of nitrogen;
  • plantings are thickened;
  • irrigation regime is not observed. For example, a plant is often watered without waiting for the top layer of the earth to dry out. Or, on the contrary, they regularly dry out an earthen lump, and later they fill it. All this leads to a violation of immunity and, as a result, the appearance of powdery mildew.

In addition to these external conditions, already “awakened” spores can get on flowers:

  • by air (from infected trees or plants);
  • through irrigation water (if spores got there);
  • through your hands (if you touched an infected plant, and then touched a healthy one).

Powdery mildew is capable of a short time completely destroy the plant

Proper agricultural technology is an important condition in the fight against powdery mildew

The fight against powdery mildew is an integrated approach. First, you need to put in order the agricultural technology of growing the affected plant. It means:

  • watering only after the top layer of the soil has dried;
  • at the time of the fight against powdery mildew - completely abandon spraying;
  • if possible, take the affected specimen to a brighter, sunny place until the powdery mildew is cured;
  • thin out thickened plantings, cut off old leaves that touch the ground;
  • for the period of remission - less nitrogen fertilizers, more phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (in case of illness - no fertilizers at all).

All care errors must be corrected, otherwise powdery mildew will appear regularly. Now let's talk about direct treatment.

How to deal with powdery mildew: therapeutic spraying and watering

To get rid of powdery mildew, do the following:

  1. Cut off the affected (yellow, devoid of turgor) leaves and all flower stalks. If powdery mildew has appeared on roses, petunias, chrysanthemums and similar bushy plants, it is advisable to carry out a cardinal pruning. The more damaged branches are destroyed, the greater the chance of a cure;
  2. replace the top layer of soil in a container, pot or under a plant in a flower bed - whole colonies of mushroom mycelium hide there;
  3. carry out therapeutic spraying and watering the plant with one of the medicinal preparations. When spraying, you need to strive so that all leaves and shoots are abundantly wetted. It should pour from the plant, as after a spring shower. There are more effective method: pour the treatment solution into the basin and dip the bush there. The soil is abundantly wetted with a solution, by spraying from a spray bottle or watering. The walls of pots and pallets are also processed.

Powdery mildew: folk remedies

Let's make a reservation right away: folk remedies for powdery mildew are effective as a preventive measure or at the initial stages of the spread of the disease. If the destructive process has been launched for a long time, more than 5-7 days ago, it is already useless to fight in this way. It may be possible to stop the development of the disease, but not completely eliminate it.

The most famous and effective folk remedies powdery mildew is prepared as follows:

1. From soda ash and soap

25 g of soda ash is dissolved in 5 l hot water, add 5 g of liquid soap. Spray the plants and topsoil with a cooled solution 2-3 times at weekly intervals.


A protective drug against powdery mildew is prepared from soda ash and liquid soap (best household)

2. From baking soda and soap

In 4 liters of water dissolve 1 tbsp. l. baking soda and 1/2 tsp. liquid soap. Spraying is performed 2-3 times with an interval of 6-7 days.

3. Potassium permanganate solution

2.5 g of potassium permanganate are dissolved in 10 liters of water, used 2-3 times with an interval of 5 days.

4. Serum solution

Serum is diluted with water 1:10. The resulting solution forms a film on the leaves and stems, which makes it difficult for the mycelium to breathe. At the same time, the plant itself receives additional nutrition. beneficial substances and improves, which affects the improvement of its appearance. Treatment with a serum solution is carried out in dry weather, at least 3 times, with an interval of 3 days.

5. Decoction of horsetail

100 g of horsetail (fresh) is poured into 1 liter of water, kept for a day. Put on fire and boil for 1-2 hours. Filter, cool, dilute with water at a concentration of 1:5 and spray the bushes. The concentrate can be stored in a dark, cool place for no more than a week. Spraying with horsetail can be carried out regularly to prevent powdery mildew in the spring and summer. In the fight against an existing disease (in the initial stage), 3-4 times spraying with a frequency of once every 5 days is effective.

6. Copper soap solution

This remedy for powdery mildew is highly effective due to the inclusion of a well-known fungicidal preparation - copper sulfate. In a glass (250 ml) of hot water, dilute 5 g of copper sulfate. Separately in 5 l warm water dissolve 50 g of soap. After that, carefully, in a thin stream and with constant stirring, pour the solution with vitriol into the soap solution. Plants are sprayed with the resulting emulsion 2-3 times with an interval of 6-7 days.

7. Mustard solution

In 10 liters of hot water, 1-2 tablespoons are mixed. dry mustard. The cooled solution is good for both spraying and watering.

8. Ash + soap

In 10 liters of heated (30-40 ° C) water, stir 1 kg of ash. The solution is insisted, stirring regularly, for about 3-7 days. After that, the liquid component (without ash suspension) is poured into a clean bucket, a little liquid soap is added, poured into a spray bottle and processed. Spray the plants every day or every other day 3 times. Add 10 liters of water to a bucket with ash particles that have sunk to the bottom, stir and use it for irrigation.

9. Infusion of decayed manure (better than cow's)

Pour rotted manure with water in a ratio of 1: 3, insist 3 days. Then dilute the concentrate twice with water and spray the bushes.

10. Infusion of garlic

25 g of garlic (chopped) pour 1 liter of water, stand for 1 day, filter and spray the collection.

Powdery mildew: treatment with chemicals

If powdery mildew has appeared on your flowers, the fight against it is most effective with the help of modern fungicides. They have a detrimental effect on the fungus, stop the harmful processes in the cells of the plant, protect and treat it. Spraying is carried out 1-4 times with an interval of 7-10 days (depending on the chosen preparation).


Powdery mildew chemicals act quickly and effectively

The most effective preparations for powdery mildew:

  • Fundazol;
  • Topaz;
  • Acrobat MC;
  • Previcour;
  • Speed;
  • Vitaros;
  • Amistar extra.

A well-known fungicidal preparation is phytosporin, the active ingredient in which is a concentrate of bacteria Bacillus subtilis in powder of chalk and humates. Despite the fact that phytosporin is considered a remedy, it is practically useless against existing powdery mildew. However, as a preventive measure, it will work flawlessly.

But each plant with the same symptoms has its own pathogen. For example, American powdery mildew, which affects gooseberries, peaches and roses, is caused by three different sphere libraries.

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Powdery mildew disease - description

The first symptom of powdery mildew is a whitish coating of mycelium, on which drops of moisture appear. Powdery mildew appears on leaves and petioles, young shoots, as well as on the fruits and stalks of plants. Leaves and shoots located closer to the ground are infected first, and then the disease gradually covers the entire plant. On closer examination, one can see ulcers in the places of attachment of the mycelium, the plant withers and loses its attractiveness, since the fungus takes away its nutrition, and the leaves covered with bloom cannot cope with the process of photosynthesis.

Defeat from powdery mildew leads to a decrease in winter hardiness of plants. Cracks form on diseased fruits, into which rot pathogens penetrate during secondary infection. Active fungi can become under such conditions:

  • during the rainy season or at temperatures between 15 and 27 ºC against high humidity air - 60-80%;
  • with frequent temperature fluctuations;
  • after radical anti-aging pruning;
  • with a high level of nitrogen in the soil;
  • with too dense landing;
  • in case of violation of the irrigation regime - too frequent wetting of the soil or, conversely, with its regular drying out.

We will tell you how powdery mildew disease develops, how to deal with powdery mildew on different cultures and what preventive measures will help you protect your site from this disease.

Powdery mildew - control methods

If you are convinced that your plants are affected by powdery mildew disease, you need to cut off all yellowed and wilted leaves and flower stalks. Do not be afraid to drastically cut the plant - the more diseased parts you cut, the more likely the plant will heal. Treat the affected plant with a fungicide in such a way that the composition abundantly moistens all its ground parts - the medicinal solution should drain from the plant like water after a downpour. When treating plants in the garden, do not forget to spray the soil in the trunk circle or the soil in the garden with a fungicide.

What to do with powdery mildew on indoor plants? If the disease has manifested itself on house plants, treat the soil in which it grows and the walls of the pot abundantly with the fungicide. In case of severe infestation, remove the top layer of soil with mushroom mycelium colonies from pots or containers and replace it with a fresh, disinfected substrate.

Powdery mildew disease - prevention

The fight against powdery mildew is carried out in a complex way - in addition to the chemical treatment of plants, it is necessary to take the following agrotechnical measures:

  • water the plants only after the topsoil dries;
  • remove and burn all plant residues in the fall;
  • observe crop rotation;
  • grow powdery mildew-resistant varieties and hybrids;
  • do not overfeed plants with nitrogen fertilizers, especially during the budding period;
  • do not forget to apply potassium-phosphorus fertilizers that increase the resistance of plants to the disease;
  • carry out spring sanitary pruning of trees and shrubs;
  • preventive treatment of plants with fungicides in early spring and after leaf fall.

Also, for preventive purposes, powdery mildew of plants is treated with chemical means - for example, three to four times pollination with sulfur or three times treatment with copper sulphate, Bordeaux liquid or other preparations of a similar action.

Powdery mildew on vegetables

Powdery mildew on cucumbers

Treatment for powdery mildew of cucumbers can be carried out with folk remedies and fungicides. But the fight against powdery mildew on cucumbers is impossible without preventive measures. Powdery mildew prevention consists in observing the agricultural practices of the culture and treating the beds three times with Quadris in accordance with the instructions.

But sometimes, despite all your precautions, the disease still manifests itself. How to treat powdery mildew on cucumbers? Measures to combat powdery mildew on cucumbers may include treating plants with folk remedies or chemicals, but in any case, before spraying, do not forget to remove all parts of the plant affected by the disease. Good results are obtained by dusting cucumbers with sulfur powder at the rate of 25-30 g per 10 m² or treating the beds with a solution of colloidal sulfur at the rate of 25-30 g per bucket of water.

Spraying cucumbers with mullein also helps. If you decide to use fungicides, then Oxyhom and Topaz from powdery mildew in accordance with the instructions will be more effective than other drugs.

Powdery mildew on tomatoes

Powdery mildew on tomatoes occurs when two types of fungi are affected. One of them, Oidiopsis erysiphoides, open field- a rare phenomenon, it often affects tomatoes in a greenhouse. This happens, as a rule, in March, if the greenhouse was not disinfected. The development of the disease can be observed on seedlings - its leaves begin to dry out from the edges, and if you are late with treatment, then the seedlings may die. The second causative agent of powdery mildew, Oidiopsis taurica, appears as yellow spots on the upper side of the tomato leaves, and a white coating can first be found only on their underside, but over time it appears on top.

to the already described preventive measures against powdery mildew, you can add soaking tomato seeds before planting on seedlings for 42 hours in a solution of Immunocytophyte or Epin.

But if the defeat did happen, how to spray tomatoes from powdery mildew? It is advisable to treat seedlings with a solution of sodium humate, which completely inhibits the germination of conidia of the pathogen. Spraying is carried out in accordance with the instructions once every two weeks. Biological preparations for powdery mildew do a good job, for example, a one percent solution of Bactofit, which is used to treat tomatoes three times with an interval of 7-10 days, as soon as the first signs of the disease appear.

The fight against powdery mildew on tomatoes is also carried out with the Planriz cultural liquid, which is used when the first signs of the disease are detected. Of the fungicides, Strobi, Topaz, Quadris, Thiovit Jet, Bayleton and Prvent are most often used. For better "stickiness" of the drug to the treated parts of plants, a little silicate glue or laundry soap is added to the fungicide solution.

Those who avoid using chemical protection agents in the fight against plant diseases can use the treatment of tomatoes with ten percent whey, skim water or ash solution for preventive and therapeutic purposes.

Powdery mildew on squash

If you find a white coating on the squash, cut and burn the affected leaves and shoots and dig up the soil around the infected plant. To destroy the fungus, spraying the area with zucchini with a solution of soda ash or cow dung, as well as an ash solution, is used. Of the chemicals used Kefalon, Carboran and sodium phosphate.

Treatment of zucchini for preventive purposes is carried out in early spring with a solution of Nitrafen, and therapeutic spraying with the chemicals already listed - before and after flowering. Plants are sprayed with fungicides at least three times after 7-10 days, and folk remedies should be applied every other day. It is better to spray zucchini in the evening in dry weather.

Powdery mildew on eggplant

You can destroy powdery mildew on eggplants with a solution of soda ash, which we wrote about in the section on zucchini, or with any fungicide, for example, Fundazol (10 g per 10 liters of water). It will take 4-5 treatments at weekly intervals.

Powdery mildew on onions

Onions are affected by downy mildew, or downy mildew. This dangerous disease also develops in conditions high humidity and low air temperature. The infection is carried by the wind or with raindrops, as well as with plant debris.

Powdery mildew control on shrubs and trees

Powdery mildew on currants

Powdery mildew on currants immediately catches the eye, and if you do not immediately fight it, by mid-summer the disease can affect the entire currant, and it does not matter which type of currant is affected: powdery mildew on blackcurrant is just as harmful as on red or white.

The fight against powdery mildew on currants, as well as on other plants, is carried out by both folk and chemical means. The plant is treated from all sides, trying to ensure that the medicine is not only on the upper side of the leaves, but also on the bottom. To do this, you can use a spray gun or a soft brush. The procedure is best done in the evening, in dry weather. Sessions are repeated at least once a week for a month.

You can cure powdery mildew on currants with folk remedies - dusting with sulfur, spraying with soda ash, ash water, mullein solution, whey, a weak solution of potassium permanganate and other compounds, more detailed description which we will give in a separate chapter. Measures to combat powdery mildew on currants in the event of a total defeat by the disease may include the use of chemicals.

How to treat currants from powdery mildew in this case? Effective treatment of bushes in the spring with copper sulfate (10 g per 10 l of water), Nitrafen or ferrous sulfate (30 g per 10 l of water). During the budding period, copper oxychloride (30 g per 10 l of water) or one percent Bordeaux liquid is used to spray currants, and after flowering, soda ash from powdery mildew is used - two to three treatment sessions with an interval of 10 days.

And do not forget to remove all plant debris from under the bushes in the fall.

Powdery mildew on houseplants is manifested due to various problems. If there are no external signs of the disease on the culture, then it is rather difficult to find out whether it is sick or not. To get healthy plants, you need to fully prepare the soil and seeds for planting, follow all aspects of care. Only in this case, indoor flowers and other plantings are rarely affected by infections and have strong immunity.

What is powdery mildew

All gardeners know diseases garden plantings, shrubs and house flowers. Many struggle with them annually, someone manages to defeat pests in a few weeks. Unfortunately, garden owners often encounter a plant disease - powdery mildew (other names are ash, white, flour).

She strikes garden trees, bushes, vegetable crops(zucchini, squash, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, pumpkins), as well as many flowers, even indoor ones (oidium, phlox). To protect at home from this scourge, 3 methods were invented: using folk remedies, biofungicides and fungicides. How to use each method and avoid infection - read on.

Powdery mildew is a lightning-fast spreading disease that is the vital activity of various types of microscopic fungi. A white coating appears on the leaves of infected plants, resembling flour or mold (mycelium), and then droplets of liquid.

How to recognize and what provokes?

If you see a gray-white coating that can be mistaken for dust and even easily removed with your finger, but at the same time it will reappear in a few days, hitting an even larger area, then you have powdery mildew. If you look very carefully, you may notice that ulcers have formed at the site of the lesion. Soon the stem and peduncles will turn white, acquire a yellow tint and lose their elasticity. New ones grow ugly and twisted.

What causes? White plaque, similar in appearance to flour or mold, is a mycelium that lives off the host's nutrients. Her spores are dark brown balls.

Pathogens - different kinds imperfect mushrooms such as:

  • Sphaerotheca mors affects gooseberries. Bacteria attack not only leaves, but also berries. The ashtray quickly moves from one bush to another.
  • Sphaerotheca fuliginea - pumpkin. The yield of this crop falls by 50 percent. The quality of pumpkins and zucchini also suffers.
  • Erysiphe graminis is a threat to grain.
  • Sphaerotheca pannosa - roses. shrub loses decorative look. Leaves and buds stop growing. The tormentor can lead to the death of the plant.

If you do not take measures to destroy the infection, then complete damage to the stems, up to death, is possible.

Powdery mildew appears in early summer. When the spores are released from the overwintered fungus, infection begins. Spores can live in the soil for a long time, they begin their reproduction when the weather is favorable for them.

Causes

The ashtray appears due to many factors:

  • Cool weather (+15-25 degrees), excessive humidity 60-80%, rainy season. Most of all, weather conditions affect street and balcony seedlings.
  • The soil is oversaturated with nitrogen.
  • Seedlings planted too densely.
  • Humidity is broken. Excessive or rare watering are the right prerequisites for reducing the immunity of the seedling, the appearance of flour.

To avoid infection of plants, the above errors in care and cultivation should be corrected.

How does powdery mildew spread?

There are 2 main modes of transmission of bacteria:

  • Asexual way. Reproduction in this way occurs due to conidia. It is because of the motionless spores, which got their name from the Greek konia - dust and eidos - view, that they can be seen on the affected areas, which look like a whitish coating. They are easily separated from each other, the wind takes them to a decent distance. Thus, all new shoots are infected throughout the summer.
  • Sexual reproduction by cleistothecia. This is the name of the fruiting body of the fungus, consisting of hyphae and containing millions of spores, each of which contains up to 8 ascopores. Cleistothecia calmly endure the winter on fallen plant waste, waiting for spring and suitable conditions for reproduction.

At a spring temperature of +15 degrees, only 5 days pass from the moment of infection to the formation of conidia.

The yield is reduced by 50%. Cucumbers grown in greenhouses where there are drafts and poor lighting are most susceptible to the disease. The first foci are born near the windows and doors. Not only whole lashes, but also all planted seedlings can die from the disease.

Do not overfeed seedlings with nitrogen-containing fertilizers during bud set. On the contrary, top dressing with potash and phosphorus agents will reduce the risk of damage by ash.

On gooseberries and currants, the disease is noticeable due to twisted shoots that lag behind in growth, they become ugly, then dry out. On gooseberries, berries are also affected. At first, white spots appear on them, darkening over time. The fruits stop growing, shrivel, sometimes fall off. To destroy the mycelium, the affected ends of the shoots should be cut.

Fertilizing with organic and phosphate fertilizers is effective. During flowering and after harvest, diseased plantings are treated with fungicides. It is useful to irrigate the bushes in the spring with copper sulfate (10 grams per ten-liter bucket), 1% Bordeaux liquid, after flowering - soda ash (2 treatments in 10 days).

When an apple tree is damaged, leaves and young shoots suffer. They also stop growing, curl up and fall off. Most often, the disease covers old, unpruned trees. Ashpellet affects the above-ground organs in raspberries, strawberries and wild roses. The leaves curl, their underside is exposed, over time it becomes a bronze hue. On the berries you can notice a slight coating, they smell specifically of mushrooms.

To protect tomatoes from infection, seedlings are treated with sodium humate. It completely prevents the germination of mycelium. To protect against pest fungi, a 1% solution of Baktofit helps well. They should spray tomatoes three times with an interval of 7-10 days at the first appearance of signs of damage. Also treated with fungicides. For better adhesion of the preparations to the leaves and shoots, a little laundry soap or silicate glue is added to the sprayer.

Prevention for zucchini is advised to be carried out in early spring with a solution of nitrofen. If a white coating appears, cut off and burn the diseased parts, dig the soil around the bush. It should be treated three times in 7-10 days. Strawberries can be saved if they are not allowed to grow too densely, thinning and planting out in a timely manner. When spraying, make sure that the drug gets not only on the surface, but also on the entire bush from all sides.

flower treatment

To prevent infection of outdoor, indoor flowering crops, use preventive measures:

  • regularly inspect the plantings;
  • follow the recommendations when planting (choose the correct distance between the bushes, properly lit area, plant on an area protected from drafts);
  • remove weeds in a timely manner;
  • do not use nitrogen for fertilizers, choose organic top dressing;
  • for prevention, spray with special compounds;
  • in the fall remove the dried vegetable waste, dig deep at the trunk circles;
  • choose varieties that are immune to ashtray.

For confrontation with white bloom on indoor flowers, fungicides are used. Spill the soil with any similar preparation, also the walls of the pot. If the flower is severely affected, you need to remove the top layer of the substrate infected with mushroom mycelium and replace it with fresh, disinfected soil. The most effective way is to pour the healing liquid into the basin and completely dip the greens into it, pour the earth abundantly.

How to use fungicides and biofungicides?

Timely and correct application of chemical measures against ash is effective. Chemical preparations are sold in specialized stores and the price is quite low. For convenience, sprayers are used. When working, it is recommended to observe safety measures: carry out the procedure in a respirator and gloves.

The most commonly used fungicides are:

  1. 1. Copper sulfate. Only one treatment is possible per season - in early spring. To make a mixture, 50 g of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water. To prepare the most effective remedy, add 35 g of vitriol to 500 ml of boiling water, separately stir 150-200 g of soap chips into 10 liters. Then slowly and carefully pour the resulting liquid into the soap substrate, stirring constantly.
  2. 2. Thiovid Jet. Acquire for the treatment of pears, apple trees, cucumbers, grapes.
  3. 3. Fundazol. Unfortunately, it is not sold in small packages, it is produced in bags from 5 to 20 kg. Soil watering is recommended, especially in infected violets.
  4. 4. Topaz. Produced for the prevention and treatment of flour.
  5. 5. Colloidal sulfur. Suitable for processing different types crops, shrubs and trees. A special difference between this fungicide and others is that it can be sprayed 3 days before harvest. But it is not recommended to sprinkle sulfur on gooseberries. With caution - on watermelons, zucchini, melons, cucumbers and pumpkins, as these plants do not tolerate the effects of sulfur. Spray strictly at an air temperature of + 27-32 degrees, otherwise there will be no effect.
  6. 6. Also popular are Zato, Forecast, Topsin-M, Tilt and Quadris.

As part of biofungicides - live bacteria that can eliminate the development of infection that accumulates on plants.

Biofungicides are environmentally friendly, so they are used even during the ripening of the crop. Their effectiveness is lower than when using chemicals - their action is not long-lasting. They should be used repeatedly. Most often, Fitosporin, Pseudobacterin-2 and Alirin-B are used.

The fight against powdery mildew folk remedies

Prepared decoctions and infusions from the ingredients that are in almost every home not only help well, but are completely non-toxic. On the initial stage manifestations of powdery mildew, it is recommended to try to cure the culture using safe methods and preparations.

How to deal with underwear on cucumbers and tomatoes

Before spraying, you need to remove diseased areas of the bush, burn plant waste. You can achieve a good result after dusting cucumbers with sulfur powder (it will take 25-30 g per 10 square meters) or colloidal sulfur (25-30 grams diluted in a bucket of water). It is also useful to water cucumbers with mullein (cow dung).

To prevent the appearance of the disease on the bushes, seeds for seedlings are soaked in a solution of Epin or Immunocytophyte for 42 hours. When planting sprouts in a greenhouse, they monitor soil moisture, do not allow drafts and sudden changes in temperature. Timely open and close windows and doors, observe the irrigation regime. Already affected tomatoes can be sprayed with 10% whey, ash solution or reverse.

Treatment of zucchini, eggplant and berry crops

Folk decoctions are used every other day. It is better to carry out the treatment in the evening, on days without precipitation, with water with the addition of soda ash or mullein, as well as an ash pan (water with ash).

Dusting with sulfur, an emulsion with soda, ash water, whey, even kefir or yogurt, a weak solution of manganese, a decoction of horsetail, tansy, an infusion of rotten hay, and onion peel is well suited for the treatment of currants. Do not forget to carry out disinfecting pruning every autumn and spring.

Saving apple and cherry trees

The most effective way would be to treat the trees with soda ash with laundry soap (for better adhesion of the product) or colloidal sulfur every 3-4 days (more often in rainy weather) until complete recovery.

Folk recipes for the fight against powdery mildew:

  • Soap and soda solution is a fairly common lifesaver, as every gardener has the ingredients. For cooking, take 10 liters of plain water, add and dilute 50 grams of baking soda or soda ash and 20 grams of grated soap (it’s easier to add liquid). Irrigate the plantings with the resulting mixture at least twice with an interval of seven days.
  • Milk serum. It will take 10 liters of water and whey in a volume of one liter. The main substance is added to water, stirred well and treated three times a day with a three-day interval. Spraying is recommended in dry weather.
  • Mix with kefir. If there is 1 liter of fermented yogurt or kefir, then consider the means to combat ashpel is almost ready. Pour in fermented milk product in a ten-liter bucket of water. The resulting mixture must be processed every 3 days.
  • Decoction using field horsetail. 100 g of the plant should be filled with water in the amount of 1 liter and infused for one day. Then the broth is boiled for 2 hours over low heat. After it has cooled, it must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 5. It will be enough to spray 3-4 times with a five-day interval. Undiluted decoction can be stored in a dark and cool place for no longer than a week.

Mixtures and infusions from the fungus

A mixture of mustard and water: for cooking you will need 2 tablespoons of mustard and 10 liters of moisture. The product can be both sprayed and watered.

A solution of potassium permanganate: pour 5 g of potassium permanganate into 10 liters of water. Manganese helps to stop the development of the disease and washes away the pores of fungi.

Ash pan: 1 kg of wood ash is diluted with water in a volume of 10 liters, stirred and infused for a week. Then it must be carefully drained and add 20 grams of grated or liquid soap. In a bucket where particles of ash remain, you can add water and water.

For cooking medicinal mixture you will need one part of manure and three of water. All components are mixed and kept indoors for 3-5 days. Then the excess moisture is drained and another 3 parts of water are added. The feeding procedure is done until the powdery mildew disappears.

Broth with garlic: take 50 grams of chopped product, add to a deep container and pour water. Insist 2 days, filter before use. This tincture should be used undiluted.

Onion infusion: to begin with, boil 10 liters of water, pour 200 g of husks with boiling water. They insist for two days.

Iodine: 1 ml of iodine is diluted in 1 liter of water. For spraying roses, a more concentrated liquid is prepared - for 400 ml 1 ml of iodine. The remedy is effective at the first signs of the disease. For the treatment of severe lesions, it is advised to use strong drugs.

We hope that these methods will help prevent infection, timely choose an effective way to treat your plants from an unpleasant pest. But do not forget about prevention. Good yield!

Powdery mildew is a disease caused by fungal spores that quickly infect the entire plant. With untimely and improper treatment, they lead to his death. The disease is easy to recognize. It forms a white coating, which can be easily removed with a finger. But this method cannot cope with the problem, since after a certain amount of time the plaque appears not only on the leaves, but also on the stems and peduncles.

Over time, the old leaves turn yellow, and the new ones grow ugly and sick. If you do not resort to treatment, the plant dies.

What is powdery mildew and what does it look like

Powdery mildew, ashpelt or whitewash affects grapes, trees, shrubs, vegetable and flower crops, as well as houseplants. fungal disease It was brought to Europe from America in 1907.

The fungus penetrates the cells of plants and sucks out all the juices and nutrients from it, often occurs in the fall. On closer examination, you can see the sores in the places where the mycelium is formed. The plant looks sick, the lower leaves turn yellow, and new ones grow ugly. Cracks appear on fruits affected by the fungus, where rot pathogens penetrate.

A fungus can appear when:

Ways of transmission of fungal spores:

  • through the hands (if you touch the infected culture, and then touch a healthy plant);
  • by airborne droplets;
  • when watering (if the water is infected with pathogenic spores).

Powdery mildew control methods

If true powdery mildew has formed, you must:

  1. get rid of all infected leaves and peduncles. With a large amount of damage, pruning is done. The more diseased parts removed, the higher the chance of healing;
  2. watering only after the top layer has dried;
  3. do not spray, as spores can be transferred to a healthy culture;
  4. in case of severe damage, remove it to a brighter, sunny place until complete recovery;
  5. thin out thickened plantings and remove yellow leaves that touch the soil;
  6. during treatment, stop feeding, and fertilize with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers during remission.

Powdery mildew treatment with chemicals

There are many treatments for powdery mildew. One of them is through chemistry. These drugs include:

"Topaz" - refers to . The composition includes penconazole, which effectively fights the disease and prevents the onset of the disease.

For the treatment of currants, cucumbers, grapes, strawberries, etc. 1 ampoule is added to 10 liters of water, for indoor plants - to 5 liters.

You need to spray the plant only with a freshly prepared product. Re-disinfection is carried out after 14 days. The use of the old solution is unacceptable.

When processing, safety measures must be observed, all manipulations should be carried out with gloves, if the solution gets on the skin, it is necessary to immediately rinse it warm water with soap.

This drug is not harmful to humans and animals, will not harm insects and birds, but dangerous to fish.

"Tilt KE"- used to protect the plant from fungi and their spores. The composition of the drug includes propiconazole, which is a long-acting drug. With the help of "Tilt KE" there is a fight against the occurrence of the disease and the formation of spores. High temperature effectively affects the effect of the drug. The drug is not washed off by rain, as it is quickly absorbed into the tissues of the plant and remains on the ground.

The solution is prepared before use: 0.5 l of the solution is diluted in 1 l of water. The plant is not processed if the weather is very hot.

The therapeutic effect begins after a few hours and lasts 2 weeks. The drug has a negative effect on bees and fish.

All these products are sold in specialized stores. It is necessary to apply them only after carefully reading the instructions.

Folk remedies for powdery mildew

With baking soda and liquid soap

Dilute 25 g of soda and 5 g of soap in 5 liters of hot water. Gently stir, cool, spray and shed the topsoil. Repeat the procedure after 10 days.

Using whey

The plant is treated 3 times with a three-day interval. The solution is prepared in a ratio of 1:10. The plant is sprayed abundantly until a film appears. Thanks to the film, the mycelium does not have enough air, and it dies. Processing should be carried out in sunny and non-rainy weather.

A decoction of horsetail

Pour 1 liter of water with 100 g of fresh herb horsetail and leave for 24 hours. Boil the settled broth for 2 hours, cool and strain. Before use, the solution is diluted 1:5. Spraying is carried out 4 times every five days. The finished solution can be stored for a week.

Soap solution with the addition of copper sulfate

Dissolve 50 g of soap in hot water. AT separate container mix 5 g of copper sulfate with a glass of hot water. The resulting solutions are carefully combined and thoroughly mixed. Treat the plant with the resulting emulsion several times with an interval of 7 days.

Solution prepared with dry mustard

2 tbsp. l. mustard add to 10 liters of hot water. The resulting solution is recommended to spray and water plants infected with powdery mildew.

Heat a bucket of water to a temperature of 40 ° C, add 1 kg of ash, mix and infuse for about a week. Strain the solution, add a small amount of liquid soap. Plants can be sprayed with a ready-made solution daily.

50 g chopped garlic add to 2 liters cold water. Infuse for 24 hours, strain and spray the plants with a clear solution.

Disease Prevention Measures

Any disease is easier to prevent than to treat it. In order for the plants to be healthy and delight with their flowering and fruiting, some rules must be observed:

Powdery mildew on cucumbers, control measures

Initially, the disease affects the leaves and flowers of cucumbers. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to mulch the plant with straw and prevent waterlogging of the air.

You can cure cucumbers from powdery mildew using products containing fungicides, or folk methods. Before processing, all yellowed and infected leaves must be removed from the cucumber. A good effect occurs if the plant is powdered with dry sulfur (30 g 10 m²) or the beds are shed with colloidal sulfur (30 g per bucket of water). Before treating cucumbers for powdery mildew with chemicals, you must carefully read the instructions. When fruiting, it is better to process cucumbers with folk remedies.

Powdery mildew on cucumbers in disrepair: photo

Powdery mildew on grapes and its control

Powdery mildew that forms on grapes is called oidium. The first symptoms of the disease: plaque formation white color on leaves, stems and fruits. Damage to grapes can occur at a temperature of 25 ° C and air humidity of more than 50%.

The fight against the disease consists in spraying the plant with a sulfur solution - 100 g of dry sulfur per 10 liters of water, for prevention - 30 g per 10 liters.

During the fruiting period, the use of chemicals is not recommended. During the ripening of the berries, the diseased plant is treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate by spraying.

Powdery mildew and its control pictures








Powdery mildew on indoor plants, methods of dealing with it

The disease affects indoor plants if proper care is not followed:

  • increased air humidity;
  • if, during watering, drops of water remain on the leaves for a long time;
  • underdeveloped plant, or affected by other diseases;
  • improper plant nutrition.

When a disease appears during the flowering period, the plant sheds buds, the leaves dry out and fall off. Growth stops and it dies.

Fungicides are those drugs that it is extremely difficult for a modern gardener or summer resident to do without. Many of the most dangerous diseases of cultivated plants are of fungal origin, and it is against them that the action of all such drugs is directed. Today we will talk about the most effective means from this category - Home.

Description

The main purpose of Homa is the treatment of rust and blotches in ornamental and flowering plants. This drug also helps well against late blight on tomatoes and potatoes, peronosporosis on onions and cucumbers, as well as against scab and leaf curl fruit trees and shrubs.

Hom should be diluted gradually to prepare a working solution. First, the drug is dissolved in a small amount water, and then bring the volume to the required. Plants should be treated with Hom in calm, dry weather. Try to keep all leaves of affected plants evenly moistened. Do not spray plants with this preparation at air temperatures above +30 C.

Hom does not cause phytotoxicity if you follow the dosages indicated in the instructions attached to it. The drug belongs to moderately hazardous substances of the 3rd hazard class. It is impossible to carry out processing during the flowering period, since the drug is extremely dangerous for bees. Avoid getting the drug into water sources. The solution of the drug can not be prepared in a container intended for eating. If the expiration date of Homa has expired, it cannot be used.

Precautionary measures

Hom treatment should be performed in overalls (safety goggles, a respirator, gloves and a gown). Upon completion of the treatment, change clothes, wash your hands and face, rinse your mouth. In the process of processing, you can not arrange smoke breaks, be distracted by the intake of water or food. Make sure that during this procedure, children and pets are not nearby.

In case of drug poisoning, it is necessary to remove the victim to Fresh air and ensure that he is able to rinse his mouth with clean water. If Homa gets on the skin, wash the area with soapy water or plenty of water. If fungicide gets into eyes, rinse them running water within 10-15 minutes. While doing this, try to keep your eyes open. If the drug has entered the digestive tract, drink a glass of milk or half a liter of cold water. After that, take activated charcoal at the rate of 1 g per 2 kg of body weight. Under no circumstances induce vomiting!

The drug should be stored separately from food and drugs in a dry and cool place inaccessible to children and pets.

Consumption rates for various crops

culture Disease Consumption of the drug (per 10 liters of water) Solution consumption
Apple, quince, pear Moniliosis, scab 40 g 2-5 liters per 1 tree
Peach, apricot, plum, sweet cherry, cherry Coccomycosis, curliness, clusterosporosis, moniliosis
Grape Anthracnose, mildew 15 l per 100 m2
Sugar beet cercosporosis 10 l per 100 m2
Potato Macrosporiosis, late blight
cucumbers Anthracnose, peronosporosis, bacteriosis
Tomatoes Macrosporiosis, late blight, brown spot
Onion Peronosporosis -
Hop 20 l per 100 m2
Ornamental crops Spotting, rust 30-40 g -