What fungicides are best used to treat various diseases of garden trees and shrubs. Fungicides - an overview of fungus control products on plants Copper-containing plant treatments

fungal diseases- this is a fairly serious problem for any gardener. If you find that your plant is affected by a fungus, you need to take urgent measures, otherwise it will be extremely difficult to save the plant. This may indicate gray coating on the leaves of the plant. In this case, special preparations come to the aid of all gardeners - fungicides. What are fungicides, what they are, how to use them - we will tell in this article.

Traces of leaf damage by a fungal disease

What is a "fungicide"?

First you need to figure out what it is. Fungicides- These are chemical preparations for the treatment of plants, belong to a large group of pesticides. Translated from Latin, "fungicide" means "killing mushrooms." They inhibit the development and destroy fungi harmful to plants.

How fungicides work is still not exactly known. The vast majority of these drugs act directly on fungi and their spores, disrupting their normal life processes. Some fungicides disrupt the reproduction of fungi, some block the synthesis of proteins and other substances necessary for the life of the fungus, and some disrupt the normal process of fungal cell division.

What are fungicides?

There are many different classifications of fungicides. All drugs according to the method of production are divided into chemical and biological. The first are produced artificially from chemical compounds. And the second group is made on the basis of live bacteria pathogenic for fungi. The advantage of biological ones is that they are less harmful and toxic compared to chemical ones. It is because of this advantage that natural fungicides are often used by gardeners.

Another one fungicide classification- according to the mechanism of action. There are two groups of fungicides:

- preventive (they protect plants from harmful fungi);

medicinal (diseased plants are treated).

Leaves affected by the fungus

Depending on the active ingredients, the composition includes organic and inorganic fungicides.

Inorganic fungicides contain salts of sulfur, copper, iron, potassium, manganese and other substances.

Organic fungicides are made from organic substances. They have a number of advantages: such preparations do not contain heavy metals and other harmful chemicals, are easily decomposed by soil inhabitants and are well combined with other pesticides. But organic fungicides also have negative sides - they are not resistant and are washed out of the soil very quickly. Also, they are not very effective and sometimes they are not enough to cure a diseased plant. On the contrary, their inorganic "brothers" act for quite a long time, are characterized by fast action and efficiency.

Fungicidal preparations are used for various purposes. They can directly process the plants themselves (during the growing season or dormancy), seed dressing before planting for prevention, and you can also cultivate the soil. But there are also combined preparations, which are suitable for complex processing: seeds, adult plants, as well as soil.

Different fungicides have different localization on the plant. Those fungicides that remain on the surface and act in direct contact with the fungus are called contact, or local. But the effect of such fungicides depends on the amount of the drug, on chemical resistance, and also on the weather, because the drug is easily washed off from the surface of plants by rain.

Another group of fungicides are systemic (or intraplant), they spread inside the plant, destroying pathogenic fungi from the inside. These fungicides are no longer dependent on the weather, their effectiveness is determined only by how quickly the drug penetrates the plant.

Mode of application

Fungicides can be applied in three different ways.

The first is seed dressing before planting. This is done either with a dry powder or with a solution of a fungicide in water.

The second way is spraying adult plants. In this case, the treatment is carried out with a fungicide solution, usually this is done in spring and autumn (as a preventive measure), and also when the plant is infected with a fungus and needs to be cured.

You can also apply a dry preparation or its solution directly to the soil before planting. Such treatment will destroy fungi that may be in the ground and prevent infection of plants.

All fungicides must be used strictly according to the instructions so as not to harm the plant. You also need to remember that many fungicides are classified as substances of medium danger. But you should not worry if you handle fungicides correctly, they can only harm fungi.

That is why it is very important to observe safety precautions when working with fungicides: protect your hands with gloves, wear protective clothing, wash your hands thoroughly after work. Also be sure to isolate children and pets from the premises.

List of drugs

consento

Consento is an effective systemic fungicide for combating late blight, Alternaria and peronosporosis, is available in the form of a suspension.
The agent has a unique activity against a large number fungi that infect seeds, seedlings, leaves and fruits of plants, and also has a preventive and therapeutic effect.
Easy to use: the drug is diluted with water according to the instructions and evenly sprayed until the leaves of the plant are completely wetted.
Begins to act from the first day after treatment.

Abiga Peak

This is a chemical preparation from the group of contact fungicides. It is based on copper chloride. This element, being released, directly affects the vital activity of the fungus, slowing down the processes of its growth and respiration. Also, copper prevents important proteins from being synthesized, which also kills the fungus.

Acrobat MC

This is a drug with a systemic-contact type of exposure.

Its active ingredients are the chemicals dimethomorph and mancozeb. It is produced in the form of granules that dissolve in water.

Gardeners use it to combat late blight, Alternaria and other diseases.

This natural preparation, which includes strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis.

It can be found commercially in tablet or powder form.

Alirin-B is used to treat diseases such as late blight, powdery mildew, scab, gray rot and many others. This fungicide acts on the vital processes of the fungus, suppressing them. Side positive effects also include an increase in the amount of ascorbic acid and a decrease in the amount of nitrates in the crop.

It can be used to treat plants or as a prophylactic to protect plants from pathogenic fungi.

Byleton

Chemical fungicide, the active substance of which is triadimefon. Available in powder form. Differs in system action.

It will help to cope with fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, fukarium, rust, septoria and many others. Triadimefon as part of this fungicide inhibits the growth of the fungus, and also disrupts the synthesis of compounds necessary for the fungus. Thus, this drug helps to fight diseases.

Bordeaux mixture

It's a fungicide a wide range action, designed to protect a variety of different cultures from fungal infections. It is quite effective, while it is safe for plants. The solution is prepared quite simply, it is retained on the plants for a long time, while not losing its potency.

Available in the form of a water-soluble powder.

Vitaros

This is a preparation of contact-systemic action, intended for seed treatment before planting.

Available as a solution in ampoules. The main active substance is thiram + carboxin.

Works for a long time. The composition of the drug includes a dye, which facilitates the processing process.

Gamair

This biological fungicide is based on colonies of Bacillus subtilis bacteria. It is used to exterminate fungi both on plants and in the ground. By action, it is an analogue of another fungicide - "Fitosporin".

On sale "Gamair" exists in the form of tablets and powder.

This fungicide is used both for the successful fight against pathogenic fungi and bacteria, and for the prevention of diseases in garden and indoor crops.

Gliocladin

This fungicidal drug is an analogue of another - trichodermin. This drug is made on the basis of a culture of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, as well as bacteria that have a positive effect on the soil. "Gliocladin" fights fungi in the soil, preventing infection of the plant. The fungus culture in this fungicide multiplies in the soil, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The mushroom culture itself is harmless to plants, it is destructive only for pathogenic organisms.

This drug can be found on sale in tablets, as well as in the form of suspensions.

To positive properties This drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is safe, able to restore the soil, and is also highly effective. "Gliocladin" is able to clean the soil of harmful chemicals after the application of pesticides.

Green soap

It is a natural fungicide based on vegetable oils and animal fats, as well as potassium salts of fatty acids. Although it is called "Green Soap", this drug is not soap, but only consists of the same components as real soap.

This drug is used by gardeners to prevent the appearance of fungi and harmful insects on plants. After processing, it covers the leaves and branches of the plant, like a film, preventing pests and fungi from multiplying on it.

On the basis of "Green Soap" at home, various solutions for treating plants are made.

Green soap should be used only for spraying plants, it is not recommended to apply it to the soil.

Kurzat

The effectiveness of the action is provided by the main substances - copper oxychloride and cymoxanil.

Copper oxychloride works from the inside, covering the plant with a protective layer, preventing infection by fungi and pests. And cymoxanil, on the contrary, acts from the inside of the plant, quickly spreading through the plant and destroying the fungus.

Together, these two components provide effective treatment and plant protection. The drug inhibits the reproduction of the fungus, disrupts its vital activity, and also has an antibacterial effect.

"Kurzat" is mainly used to combat late blight and powdery mildew.

Sold as a water-soluble powder.

Maxim

This drug is from the group of contact fungicides. Gardeners use it to treat bulbs and tubers before planting, and it also helps keep bulbs from rotting in storage.

The active substance of this fungicide - fludioxonil - is very similar in composition to antibiotics. It kills pathogenic fungi and soil microorganisms, while not affecting the beneficial soil microflora.

Protects crops from scab, various rot, black leg and other diseases.

Oksikhom

Fungicide of contact-systemic action. Sold in powder form, used for spraying plants. Made on the basis of copper oxychloride and oxadixyl. It is used to successfully combat late blight, macrosporiosis, peronosporiasis on plants both in the garden and in the apartment.

It has a very fast action, the effect is visible after a couple of hours. That is why it is recommended to use it for the treatment of advanced cases of fungal diseases.

It is important to remember that "Oxyx" is not combined with other fungicidal preparations. It is a toxic drug, so the treatment of plants should be carried out at least 20 days before harvest.

Ordan

A complex drug that has both systemic and contact effects. It is based on copper oxychloride and cymoxanil. Due to the combination of these components, "Ordan" performs several tasks at once: copper oxychloride is responsible for the eradication of the fungus, and also has a bactericidal effect; cymoxanil treats the plant and also protects them from reinfection.

One of distinctive features of this remedy is that it is not addictive in fungi. Pathogenic organisms cannot adapt to this drug, which is why it is always effective.

Previcour

The spectrum of action of "Previkur" is quite large. It helps to cope with peronosporiosis, various types root rot, and other fungal diseases. Its main difference from other fungicides is its ability to act as a plant growth stimulator. It acts on the immune system of plants, protects against subsequent infections. It is used for both garden crops and indoor flowers.

Profit gold

Fungicide with a systemic mechanism of action. The two active ingredients in its base, cymoxanil and famoxadone, provide effective treatment for various fungal infections. Cymoxanil penetrates inside the plant and acts on the fungus from the inside, blocking its development. And the second component is responsible for the impact on the fungus from the outside. Famoxadone kills the fungus and its spores and forms a thin film over the plant. It is this systemic action that helps to quickly and effectively overcome the fungus on plants, even in difficult cases. The action of the drug is long.

Gardeners use "Profit Gold" to combat late blight, powdery mildew, anthracnose and other fungal diseases. Also, this fungicide is used to treat and protect indoor flowers.

Rayok

This drug is similar in action to the drug "Skor". "Rayok" is absorbed by plants, so it facilitates the fight against diseases. Also, the advantages of this drug include the fact that it begins to act very quickly, literally in a few hours. It is also rain resistant.

The basis of this fungicide is difenoconazole. This substance directly affects the synthesis of the genetic material of the fungus and disrupts it. Because of this, the fungus gradually dies.

Cures garden trees and other plants from scab, Alternaria and powdery mildew.

It is sold as an emulsion.

Fairly effective contact fungicide. Two active ingredients, mefenoxam and mancozeb, effectively fight the fungus, protecting the plant both from the outside and from the inside.

Mefenoxam penetrates the plant tissue, reaches the lesion and destroys the fungus. To help him comes mancozeb, which acts outside the plant, enhancing the effect of the first active substance. Together they quickly help get rid of the disease.

This fungicide is effective in combating late blight, peronosporosis, and also copes well with downy mildew. Decomposes quickly in the soil without harming beneficial organisms.

This drug is produced in granules, they are dissolved in water and a solution for spraying plants is obtained.

Rovral

It is a contact fungicide intended for the local treatment of fungal diseases. The affected areas are lubricated with a solution of the drug. They can also be used to water the ground before planting.

Mechanism of action: the active substance iprodione stops the reproduction and germination of spores, and also negatively affects the development of the fungus.

This fungicide is effective against verticillosis, fucariosis, late blight, powdery mildew in various garden and horticultural crops.

"Rovral" can be used in small doses for preventive treatment of plants. It is also recommended to treat seeds before long-term storage.

Available in powder form.

Speed

"Skor" is used for the treatment and prevention of scab, powdery mildew, various kinds of spotting, moniliosis, coccomycosis.

Plants in all phases of development can be treated with this fungicide.

The big advantage of this drug is its speed.

It is commercially available in the form of an emulsion.

Topsin-M

The active ingredient of this fungicide is thiophanate-methyl. Spreading throughout the plant, this component stops the growth of the fungus, and also blocks the processes of sporulation.

Penetration into the plant occurs through the root system.

In addition to fungi, it also destroys insect pests (for example, aphids), as it also has an insecticidal effect.

The positive aspects of this drug also include: speed of action; the ability to use this drug for both treatment and prevention of fungal diseases; profitability; safety for people and plants.

This drug will work better and faster if it has already been used previously as a prophylactic.

Available in the form of an emulsion, as well as a water-soluble powder.

Trichodermin

It is a biological fungicide made on the basis of natural ingredients. He became great alternative chemical pesticides.

The basis of this drug is a strain of saprophytic fungi Trichoderma lignorium. This fungus, when it hits the substrate, begins to actively grow and multiply. In the course of its life, it releases special substances - natural antibiotics. These substances negatively affect the harmful fungus, leading to its death.

Other positive qualities of the drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is completely safe for people and animals, does not accumulate in fruits, and is also able to increase the yield. In addition to fighting fungi, it has a beneficial effect on the soil, and also accelerates plant growth.

The effect of the drug is quite long - it lasts about a month.

"Trichodermin" is effective against more than fifty different pathogens of fungal diseases.

Available in powder and suspension form.

Fitosporin-M

This natural fungicide is based on the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. The antibiotics secreted by these bacteria have a detrimental effect on pathogenic fungi that have infected your plants.

Effective against many diseases of a fungal nature, including black rot, rust, root rot, late blight and many others.

It is practically non-toxic, which allows it to be used for the treatment of indoor flowers. Its additional action is to stimulate plant growth.

Available in three forms - powder, paste, solution.

Hom

This fungicide is produced on the basis of copper oxychloride.

Can act as analog Bordeaux mixture. But the main difference from it (unfortunately, negative) is that “Khom” is very easily washed off with water from plants, so it does not differ in durability.

It is used to combat late blight, peronosporosis, spotting.

The mechanism of action of the drug: after the treatment of the plant, the drug, falling on the foci of infection with the fungus, penetrates into their cells. There, the fungicide acts on the synthesis of substances important for the fungus, and this causes the death of the fungus.

This fungicide is not addictive in pathogenic organisms, so it is always effective in combating them.

Horus

"Horus" is a fungicide with a systemic type of action. It is based on cyprodinil.

It is intended for spraying crops; after treatment, it forms a thin layer on plants that protects them from infection.

It is used for the treatment and prevention of diseases such as scab, coccomycosis, moniliosis, leaf curl and some others.

The advantages of the drug can also be attributed to the fact that it is active at low temperatures, non-phytotoxic, economical, easy to use.

Here is list of most fungicides used to treat and protect plants from fungal diseases. After reading it, you will have an idea of ​​​​what fungicides are, how they can help your plant, and which fungicide is best to choose to save your plants.

In the process of caring for the garden, it is often necessary to apply fungicides. We are talking about special chemicals that are used to combat pathogens that cause the development of fungal diseases, for example, gray rot, powdery mildew, etc.

Depending on the method of action on pathogenic fungi, several types of fungicides are distinguished: contact and systemic action.

Actions of contact fungicides

When using these drugs, their penetration into plants is excluded. They cover the outer part of the plant; if there is a fungus on the surface of the reproductive and vegetative organs, they are suppressed. All drugs act for a different period, which is determined by the duration of the solution on the surface of the plant. The best results can be achieved if processing at least 3-5 times at intervals of 10-12 days.

A feature of contact fungicides is the local nature of the impact. They are not used to treat diseased plants, they are designed to suppress pathogens located on the surface or directly in plant tissues. Due to the fact that these fungicides are unable to spread to other parts of the plant, such treatment before the formation of fruits excludes penetration into them.

Systemic drugs act somewhat differently: as a result of processing, they penetrate into internal organs plants, spread through the tissues, making changes in the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in the organs of plants. As time goes on they decomposition within plants, which ends with the formation of metabolites. In this state, they begin to have a depressing effect on the harmful fungus.

It is believed that the decomposition products that form inside the plants are more harmful than the drug itself. To avoid possible complications it is best to carry out processing in gardens and in private households with the help of chemicals of a contact action. At the same time, the deadline for their use is the period when one month remains before the harvest.

Types of fungicides and methods of their application

Fungicides are available in gardening stores in various types: in the shape of powder, suspension, emulsion, highly soluble in water.

Depending on the composition, the following types of fungicidal preparations are distinguished:

• Inorganic. Within this group, preparations of 1-4 hazard classes for humans and warm-blooded creatures are distinguished;
• Organic. The main component in them are active microorganisms that inhibit pathogenic fungi.

More preferred to use on the summer cottages biofungicides, because in addition to high efficiency, they cause minimal harm to plants.

Chemical fungicides

Often, for effective pest control, gardeners buy new drugs, especially if they provide high efficiency with a small dose of application. However, doing so is wrong. You can count on good results only if you use proven drugs. Within the group of chemical fungicides that have proven their effectiveness when used for protection during the growing season of various horticultural crops, the following can be distinguished:

• Bordeaux liquid;
• copper sulfate;
• abiga-peak, sun;
• oxychome;
• cineb;
• thiram;
• potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate);
• soda ash using an adhesive (green soap).

Biological fungicides

Behind last years There are many biological contact fungicides on the market. In their manufacture, a slightly different approach is used than in the case of chemical preparations. The main component of biofungicides are active bacteria, whose activity has a depressing effect on pathogens of fungal diseases.

The use of biofungicides of contact action is more preferable, since they do not cause or cause minimal harm to humans, warm-blooded animals, fish and bees. Consumers who are going to use biofungicides at home should pay attention to the following types of preparations:

It is possible to carry out treatment with chemical contact fungicides only before flowering and after harvest. The advantage of biofungicides is that they can be applied throughout the growing season. At the same time, there are also such preparations on sale that can be used at the stage of crop ripening. It should be borne in mind that contact drugs are effective for prevention purposes. If the drug reaches the causative agent of the disease, then this leads to its death. If the plants are already affected by the disease, then they cannot be saved with the help of these drugs.

Rules for working with contact fungicides

Before using a fungicide, you need to take care of your own safety: for this you need prepare closed clothes, rubber gloves and goggles and a headdress. After processing, the clothes are sent to the laundry, and the hands and face must be thoroughly washed with soap and water.

It is necessary to carry out the treatment of plants with a pre-prepared solution. The exception is situations where the instructions require the use of a fresh composition.

In the process of preparing a solution for treating plants, it is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations specified in the instructions, maintaining the optimal consumption rate, taking into account the phase of plant development.

You can use fungicides in the most favorable conditions for this: in the early morning or evening, provided that it is worth dry windless weather.

For the sprayer, it is necessary to select the operating mode for fine spraying. The cloud of solution emerging from it should pour onto the plants from below and from above.

It is forbidden to use chemical fungicides in relation to those plants, the green parts of the above-ground mass of which are planned to be used. For safety reasons, processing of all crops should be carried out before the flowering and fruiting phase.

It is impossible to clean the dishes in which the solution was prepared in reservoirs. Disposal of used pesticides should be carried out only in specially designated areas.

The place where fungicides and other preparations with a chemical composition are supposed to be stored should have limited access. Drugs must be placed in sealed packaging.

If the investigator follows the rules for the use of fungicides listed above, then you can not only prevent the appearance of dangerous pests on the site, but also not harm yourself and the environment.

List of fungicides

Due to the high toxicity of most fungicides on the market today, there must be a good reason for the gardener to use them at home. Before using drugs, it is mandatory to familiarize yourself with the safety regulations for the use of toxic substances.

Oksikh. A drug containing from copper oxychloride and oxadixyl. Belongs to the number of contact systemic fungicides, used for preventive purposes and to suppress diseases of garden and indoor plant crops. Recommended for use in the fight against late blight, macrosporiosis, black bacterial spot, septoria, etc. Non-toxicity makes this drug safe to use.

Preparation of working solution

Processing of plants is carried out only with a freshly prepared solution. First, one third of the volume of water must be poured into the sprayer tank, then start the mixing device and pour the required amount of the drug. After that, the remaining part of the necessary water is poured, the solution mixes well, after which the infected plants are treated with it.

A prerequisite is the purity of the water used to prepare the solution.

The recommended consumption rate is one packet per 2 liters of water. In some cases, it may be necessary to carry out three treatments, but between them it is necessary to withstand a break of 10-14 days. Plants can only be treated with a freshly prepared solution based on the drug oxychom. It can be used as a component for the preparation of complex mixtures.

Advantages of the drug:

• operates according to the system-contact principle;
• the effect after treatment lasts for two weeks;
• lack of toxicity, provided that the treatment is carried out in compliance with the recommended doses;
• economy of consumption when used for preventive purposes.

Trichodermin. Included in the group of biological preparations designed to combat fungal and bacterial diseases. The main active component is the spores of the soil fungus Trichoderma lignorum and crushed grain substrate. The drug effectively fights more than 60 types of soil pathogens, which are the cause of many known diseases: root and fruit rot, seed infections, macrosporiosis, fusarium, etc.

The positive effect of the drug is to improve soil fertility, provide plant roots with additional nutrients, increase seed germination.

Application method:

Conclusion

The problem of protecting plants from diseases is relevant for every gardener. In order to cope with them faster and without consequences, many chemicals are used for this. Fungicides are among the most popular, which demonstrate high efficiency. However, when choosing them, it is necessary to proceed from the position in order to cause minimal harm to the plant. Therefore, preference should be given to those that have the least toxicity. When choosing fungicidal preparations, it is necessary to focus on their recommendations for use. This will help to avoid undesirable consequences after processing.

Growing plants in home gardens near private houses, summer cottages or country mansions is a favorite pastime of many summer residents and gardeners. But at different stages of such work, one has to look for effective methods to combat an impressive number of dangerous diseases and pests, which, like an invisible attack, attack all garden crops and turn them into garbage. To avoid this kind of event, many summer residents choose special fungicidal preparations that quickly and effectively eliminate the problem by performing a complex treatment of flowers, vegetables and other plants from the development of dangerous diseases.

What is the high benefit of systemic fungicides, why do such preparations have excellent antifungal and anti-stress properties, and which products deserve to be in your garden because of their performance and reliability?

It is important to understand that there are organic and inorganic preparations. In any case, both the first and second types can be the only solution to combat various fungal pests. Currently, the list of systemic fungicides is overflowing with a host of different proposals. The list of available products is very extensive and is constantly expanding, so choose the right tool for your personal plot anyone can.

Biological fungicides for plants are special substances of biological origin that serve as an effective tool for the prevention, prevention and control of fungal infections, insects and other pests that can harm indoor flowers or horticultural crops. Most preparations are indispensable for ensuring reliable protection of seeds during the treatment period.

If the term is translated from Latin, then it will mean "killing mushrooms." Timely application of fungicides for indoor plants or garden and horticultural crops will help maintain plant health, improve yields, and prevent the development of dangerous mycoses. For this reason, every self-respecting summer resident must respond responsibly to the need to purchase such drugs for his site.

Characteristics and basic properties

With the correct use of fungicides for plants, the protection of fruit and vegetable crops, as well as indoor plants, will be maximum. Such funds effectively fight pathogenic fungi and prevent their further development. If you don't know how to do right choice, you can’t figure out the names and models, trust professional employees from hypermarkets for the home, garden and vegetable garden, or study the mass of available articles on the dacha portals. Such tips will help you make the right choice, which is perfect for specific circumstances and situations.

Fungicidal substances may differ depending on some parameters that determine the strength of the effect. To make the right decision when choosing a suitable drug, you should take into account such features.

By origin, fungicides are divided into:

• organic (biofungicides that consist of certain bacteria);
• inorganic (drugs created using complex chemical reactions and compounds).

According to the degree of decomposition, they distinguish:

1. inorganic fungicidal preparations that remain in the soil for a long time and have a great effect on pests;
2. models of biological origin, which are environmentally safe and harmless to environment and soil;

By the strength of the impact:

• herbal formulations. They are considered “softer” and safer, but their effectiveness is not high enough;
• formulations based on chemicals that work much faster, but very often contain toxic components and can harm the human body;

Other Features

Also, fungicides can be divided into different groups according to the nature of distribution in plant tissues:

According to the purpose of operation:

• for soil treatment;
• for dressing previously prepared seeds;
• for spraying during the growing season;
• for effective fungal prevention;
• as universal composition(sometimes it is used in the processing of cultivated coniferous plants);

It is important to note that recently there has been an incredible increase in the popularity of biofungicides, which have a more gentle effect and good performance. Many summer residents and flower growers refuse to use chemicals, fearing that they can harm plants and soil quality. Very often, such drugs cause various diseases in people, including a complex degree of poisoning, if the basic rules of care were not followed during processing. In turn, biological fungicides for plants are especially effective in protecting indoor flowers and crops that are eaten.

Application features

Fungicides are presented in the form of special powders that are applied to the soil or carry out seed treatment, as well as in the form of solutions intended for spraying plants. Some types of drugs will be effective at different stages of life and development of fruit and vegetable crops. If we are talking about the fight against fungal infections of different cultures, then it is necessary to follow the basic safety rules, protecting yourself from the negative effects of active substances:

Failure to comply with any rules can lead to various negative consequences, cause an allergic reaction or poisoning. It is better not to risk your health and pay attention to the mandatory preparation for the upcoming procedure.

Use of preparations for indoor flowers and horticultural crops

For effective prevention of fungal diseases, contact and systemic fungicides are used. At home, experts recommend using biological preparations that contain active bacteria. When operating in city apartments, compositions in the form of emulsions, solutions and powders can be used. As for chemical fungicides, they can be applied before the start of the growing season or after flowering and fruit harvest. Biological preparations are suitable for use at any time of the year, and individual products can also be used when harvesting fruits.

Indoor flowers need intensive protection from a wide variety of pests and diseases, so their use should be mandatory. Otherwise, the intensity of the development of dangerous diseases will be very high.

As for the use of a fungicidal-based solution and powder for the garden, such preparations will be effective when soaking the seeds. They can also be added to the soil during loosening and digging. This will prevent the development of the fungus in the soil and protect it from the development of dangerous pests. Spraying is carried out in early spring and by the end of autumn, which is effective method for antifungal treatment of crops, especially such as peppers, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, etc.

In order for the use of the drug to be as effective as possible, it is necessary to properly dilute it in accordance with a certain proportion and general rules. So, the cultivation of the fungicide is as follows:

Experts do not recommend preparing too large volumes of fungicides. Also, do not leave the solution open during storage. This can lead to disastrous consequences, including poisoning people or pets who may accidentally drink some of the composition.

Features of choosing an effective drug

When it comes to choosing a fungicide, you need to know a number of subtleties and features that will greatly simplify the upcoming purchase. In the process, it is necessary to take into account the area to be treated, the types of plants being treated, the degree of toxicity and the extent of the lesion. You should also take into account the advice of professional agricultural technicians, gardeners, gardeners and connoisseurs of various flower plants. Do not forget that in nature there are a lot of pathogenic fungi that can be resistant to any chemical composition, so from time to time the drugs used need to be changed with others in order to increase their effectiveness.

Among the most popular fungicides that have proven themselves in the fight against various diseases and fungi, the following can be distinguished:

Before you buy one of the products you are interested in, carefully study the instructions and treat the selection of the appropriate proportion with all responsibility. This will avoid negative consequences in the future and carry out a truly effective prevention or treatment of plants in your backyard.

Today, hundreds of fungicides are sold in stores that kill harmful fungus on plants, as well as protect them from the most terrible diseases.

There are too many factors involved in choosing the right fungicide for any given application. The type and age of the plant, the type of disease and its "neglect". Even the weather, the area of ​​green spaces and the presence of pets in the vicinity play a role. It's easy to get confused.

We do not recommend buying a fungicide at random: the advertised chemical may turn out to be a “dummy”. It is possible that he is even capable of harming a diseased plant. The best thing is to trust the opinions of professionals.

In our manual, we have collected the recommendations of scientists and the advice of experienced farmers. We deliberately put a review of the most effective fungicides at the very end of the material, because in order to cure a plant, you first need to make a correct diagnosis. And in order to make a correct diagnosis, you need to know everything about plant pests. This is what most of our guide is devoted to.

You need to defeat the fungus wisely!

Why is the fungus dangerous for plants?

All fungicides have a common enemy - pathogenic fungi, which so easily infect ornamental and agricultural plants. Farmers and housewives, food producers and gardeners suffer from them.

Here's what fungal spores and fungi themselves are capable of:

• - They disfigure plants: various diseases are reflected in the color and shape of fruits, leaves and flowers;
• - Mushrooms deprive us of the harvest. In just a couple of weeks, they can cause damage to plantings of potatoes, apples, grapes and wheat, tomatoes and cucumbers, blueberries and strawberries;
• - They kill them. Your favorite lawn or home flower may die if not treated in time with the right fungicide;
• - Fungal diseases hit the pockets of farmers and the state. In some cases, the degree of crop loss from the fungus becomes catastrophic, up to ruin.

It is very difficult to avoid infection with a fungus without preventive measures. Spores live in soil, air, on other plants and in water. They are carried by the wind, animals and even people! And then mycelium comes into play: thin threads, something like a mycelium. They penetrate the tissues of the plant and begin to devour living matter. In addition, fungus-covered leaves do not receive light and die without the possibility of photosynthesis.

The most common fungal plant diseases

The presence of a fungus in a plant is most often indicated by external symptoms. White bloom and rusty pads, colored spots and sores, fragments of rot and bumpy growths may appear on the greens. In addition, plants wither, deform, dry out, become thinner, become overgrown with tumors and cease to bear fruit from fungi. In the case of lawn and grass, bald spots form on the ground. Any of these symptoms cause dozens different types fungi. This system is not easy to streamline, but still the most common diseases have received their folk and scientific names. Here are some of them.

Powdery mildew. This is a universal villain that affects the leaves, fruits, stems and flowers of plants. White plaque (mycelium) in a couple of days can completely tighten garden rose or grapevine. The disease kills the fruits the longest: they rot and crack. Especially loves "powdery mildew" young shoots. Pumpkins, peaches, gooseberries, cereals, roses, even sugar beets... who doesn't suffer from it!

Snow mold. This is the enemy of all lovers of natural lawns and tall grass. "Snow mold" usually appears in early spring, after the snow melts. It spreads in circles 3-12 inches in diameter. When these circles "breed", the lawn can completely die. First, pink, white or gray mold will cover the lawn ... then the mushrooms will draw all the juices out of the grass, and it will die. Most often, meadow and reed fescue, perennial ryegrass and meadow bluegrass suffer from this fungus.

Root rot. These diseases like rhizoctoniosis and "black rot" are dangerous for most plants. Fungi undermine the roots of room and garden greens. You will not know about this for a long time: you will simply follow the smooth withering of the plant. An insidious disease will turn the root system into black dust or rusty dry lashes.

"Spotted" fungus on the leaves. A disease affecting vegetables. Oily dark spots form on the leaves. Most often, tomatoes and peppers, potatoes, asparagus, rhubarb suffer from them. This "beauty" directly affects the yield of vegetables. Although the fruits themselves rarely suffer.

And there are also various fungi that affect the grass. It may become covered with rust-colored blisters and red-brown rings (Fusarium disease). The lawn may turn brown and disappear under small cotton clouds (Pythium's disease).

Prevention of fungal diseases

Fungi love high humidity, stagnant weather and proximity to other plants. Therefore, it is necessary to observe a certain interval between plantings, as well as save them from excessive watering and poor air circulation. These rules are especially relevant for greenhouse plants. You need to regularly monitor the cleanliness of the soil and dispose of dying plantations.

American scientists who have studied this issue are asking everyone to be careful with mulching and pruning plants (mistakes during these operations can lead to infection). They also call the best way to prevent ... the purchase of specially bred varieties that are resistant to fungi. Sterile pots will protect the roots from fungi, control over the purchased soil mixture is a competent irrigation system that excludes stagnant water.

The classification of fungicides divides them according to the purpose of application. It looks like this.

1. protective fungicides. Organic and inorganic agents for the prevention of fungal diseases.
2. Therapeutic fungicides. Drugs that can stop the development of the disease and even destroy it.
3. Systemic or complex fungicides. They work both for the prevention and for the treatment of plants.
4. Immunization agents. They improve the metabolism of the plant and teach it to fight not only fungi, but also bacterial diseases.

The principle of action of chemicals also differs. There are, for example, contact fungicides. Most often this protective equipment, which "defend" from fungi only that part of the plant on which they are located. The farmers and experienced gardeners popular "treaters". They process seeds and bulbs so that in adulthood they are not disturbed by pests.

Recently, organic liquid products have become fashionable, which move freely along vascular system plants. They can save individual shoots of an already infected plant from diseases, work as a protective and therapeutic agent.

Which is better: organic or inorganic fungicides?

First, it is important to decide whether you are looking for an organic or inorganic fungicide. The former are considered more environmentally friendly and safer for nature and humans. But we are more interested in the practical side of the matter. Moreover, many "organic products" are also synthesized using chemicals.

The advantage of organic fungicides over inorganic ones is that they do not contain rare and hazardous metals. These metals pose a danger to animals, earthworms and, in rare cases, soil. If too much copper or mercury accumulates. But "natural remedies" decompose underground by themselves, this happens very quickly. True, this property also affects the duration of the healing effect (synthetic chemicals last longer).

Organics are easier to “cook”: most often you just need to mix a powder or liquid agent in water. We add that organics can be combined with a larger number of pesticides than inorganic preparations.

The advantage of inorganic means is consumer confidence. It was the products based on copper, sulfur, mercury and chlorine that were the first to appear on the market: our grandfathers used them. And this is already a certain habit and tradition. Although, logically, younger synthetic organics should be more perfect. But even here it is not so simple. In some diseases, old preparations of copper oxychloride with a concentration of 0.5-0.75% are still not inferior in effectiveness to fashionable synthetic drugs.

Are chemical fungicides so terrible? The USA environment agency writes: “Some of the worst pesticide poisonings come from the misuse of organic mercury or hexachlorobenzene to treat seed. However, most fungicides in use and registered for use in the US are not capable of causing frequent or severe poisoning."

So you can harm yourself and the environment only if you use products that are not according to the instructions! The portal asks to be especially careful with these substances: triazoles, mercury, thiocarbamates, dithiocarbamates, mercury.

Best store bought fungicides

Experts have approved dozens of different fungicides, and it's easy to get lost in this long list of names. Therefore, we decided to help you and selected the most effective means which can be purchased online.

Fungicide BORDEAUX LIQUID

A classic fungicide based on copper. Suitable for flowers, fruits and vegetables. It copes well with powdery mildew, black spots and "early" fungi. It must be mixed with water in the proportions indicated on the package and used as a spray. Buyers write that one spray per month is usually enough. But with frequent rains and irregular watering, the product is used more often.

There are several references to the effective use of lawn fungus. In total, about 85% of buyers call the product useful.

Fungicide CLEAR COLOR

A similar product from the same manufacturer. Only here you do not need to dilute anything: the product is sold as a ready-made spray. The fungicide contains copper octanoate, which is a copper salt compound with a fatty acid. At the same time, the concentration level of the chemical protects the greens from burns.

The developer insists on abundant spraying of the leaves. You can even pay attention to their lower part. People in the comments advise not to spray the product on the eve of rain: it takes from 24 to 48 hours for it to be completely absorbed. The next time spraying will need to be done in 2-4 weeks.

We find several dissatisfied comments. To some farmers, the solution seems "weak". But these are special cases - about 80% of farmers were satisfied with the performance of the chemical.

Fungicide Topaz

A well-known universal fungicide that has earned high praise from users. It fits most garden plants and lawns. Fans of spray roses put it especially highly. It is a protective fungicide. It is optimally suited for the prevention and protection of plants from fungi. The chemical is not afraid of rain and stays on the leaves for two weeks. Depending on the purpose of application (treatment, prevention, protection), the developer recommends using different methods of spraying the drug.

Users write that the best work comes with tender plants and thin foliage. Many reviews of the successful fight against lawn diseases.

Fungicide Forecast

The most famous manufacturer, the quality of whose goods can hardly raise questions. It is a highly rated organic systemic fungicide that not only prevents but also treats diseases. Almost 80% of all users are satisfied with its effectiveness. Controls black spots, powdery mildew, gray mold, plant rust, scab. The instructions say that it can be applied up to the days of harvest. But we still wouldn't risk it.

One bottle is enough for 10 liters of water. The resulting mixture can be applied to both leaves and fruits. In the reviews of the product, we found conflicting opinions about the need for reapplication. Some people wrote that they solved the problem of the fungus the first time. Others - about the mandatory repetition of the procedure in 1-2 weeks. Perhaps it all depends on the type of fungus and the degree of infection of the plant. Fortunately, the fungicide is not harmful to worms and beneficial insects.

Comparative table of fungicides

Name	The form	Price
Fungicide BORDEAUX LIQUID	concentrated liquid
Fungicide Pureflower
Fungicide Topaz	Liquid
Fungicide Forecast	Liquid

Daconil® Fungicide Concentrate 16 oz.

Proven by experts means based on chlorotolanil. Great for powdery mildew control. All ingredients are listed on the packaging, they can always be found on the Internet. One bottle is enough for 240 liters of liquid to be used as a spray. The tool is considered a protective fungicide of contact action of the widest spectrum.

Scotts Lawn Fungus Control, 5,000-sq ft, 6.75 Pounds

A tool designed to prevent only lawn diseases. The active ingredient is 2.3% methyl thiophanate. Experienced users recommend using the substance in the spring: otherwise you may be late. After all, kill the fungus Scotts Lawn no longer capable.

One bag is enough for 300-400 m2. Note that the opinions of users about this product have diverged. Some have called it too toxic to use on adjoining territory.

1. First of all, determine the exact disease. Try to give your plant an accurate diagnosis based on external signs of the disease, communication with "brothers in misfortune" and professional advice. Try to buy a remedy for this type of fungus, and not universal options.
2. Pay attention to the environment. Place of growth of a diseased plant, season, air temperature at the time of application of the fungicide, the rate of development of the disease. All this affects the choice of medicine. The relevant recommendation for optimal conditions for use is often found on the label.
3. Learn contraindications. On quality medicines, a list of plants that do not tolerate these fungicides is indicated.
4. Choose between liquid form and powder. Powders are more often created to work in the soil, and liquids are more often created to process leaves and flowers. The effect of fluids tends to start earlier, but it also wears off faster.
5. Compare prices. Prices for the same product or for different fungicides with similar ingredients can vary greatly. As in the case of drugs, it is not always necessary to overpay for a brand if there is a cheap analogue. Of course, it is necessary to check the state certification of all goods.

Even organic products can harm plants and humans if used improperly. Here are 9 tips for proper maintenance for new gardeners.

1. Always follow the safety instructions in the instructions. All spraying is best done in special protective clothing. Most often, a fungicide is a threat to the skin and mucous membranes. Even potted plants must be processed on the street or balcony.
2. Follow the time of year. It is believed, for example, that dithiocarbamic acid derivatives have a positive effect on the growth and development of plants, which is why they are usually recommended for use during periods of intensive growth (spring and early summer). And by the end of summer, copper-containing preparations should be used.
3. Do not mix organic fungicides - captan, cineb, cyram, polycarbacin, dichlon with mineral oil preparations, since such a mixture can contribute to the occurrence of plant burns.
4. Follow the frequency. Most often, the plant is re-treated every 15-30 days. But each product has its own rules, they are indicated on the label. This indicator is also affected by the time of year and precipitation.
5. Don't waste your harvest. It is better not to use fungicides at all at the time of fruit ripening, but to solve the problem of the fungus earlier. If the case is too neglected, you need to use low-toxic drugs. And before that, find out how many days before harvesting you can use them for the last time.
6. Spray in the morning. Experts assure that night and early morning will become best time for spraying liquid fungicides.
7. Watch the weather. Sprays, liquids and all contact products should not be used in rain and wind.
8. Be aware of phytotoxicity. Phytotoxicity is the state when a drug begins to harm the plant. Its cause is a violation of the concentration of the substance, too frequent use of chemistry and the incompatibility of the agent and the plant.
9. Don't give them a chance to adjust. The effect of "resistance" is observed quite often. Fungi simply evolve under the action of fungicides and cease to be afraid of them in future generations. In such cases, Australian scientists advise either to combine means, or to eradicate the fungus before it has time to breed. The same Australians recommend seed dressing.

Fungicides to get rid of powdery mildew

Powdery mildew spores are transmitted by air, water and "from the hands of a person." They love wet and cool weather, they just thrive on houseplants. You can invite trouble by too frequent watering of greenery and a high nitrogen content in the soil.

On the initial stage(prevention and first week) can be applied folk methods. For example, a solution of potassium bicarbonate and soap, a copper-soap solution, or a decoction of horsetail. There are a lot of such recipes on the Internet. But if the moment is missed, it is better to take on more serious means.

Engage in complex treatment of plants. Start spraying at the first symptoms of illness. Among biological preparations, neem oil, insecticidal soap, garden oil and the same potassium bicarbonate will help you with this. Of the chemical compounds, pay attention to copper, fenarimol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, triadimefon and sulfur.

Systemic fungicides: Spectracide Immunox (several), Ferti-lome F-Stop Granular Fungicide, Green Light Fung-Away Systemic Granules

System water-based: Ortho Lawn Disease Control and Fertility, Liquid Systemic Fungicide, Bayer Advanced Fungus Control.

Protective: Bonide Copper Spray or Dust, Bonide Liquid Copper, Dragon Copper Fungicide, Hi-Yield Copper Fungicide, Fertilome Black Spot & Powdery Mildew control.

Protective, contact effect: Ortho Garden Disease Control (Daconil 2787), Hi-Yield Daconil Lawn Vegetable, Flower Fungicide, Fertilome Lawn & Garden Fungicide, Fertilome Broad Spectrum Liquid Fungicide and Bonide, Fung-onil, Ortho Dormant Disease, Control Lime-Sulfur Spray, Hi -Yield Improved Lime, Sulfur Spray, Lilly Miller, PolySul Summer and Dormant Spray, Bonide LimeSulfur.

Fungicides for the treatment of fungus on the lawn

Most lawn diseases, despite the difference in symptoms, are treated in much the same way. In the matter of their prevention and elimination, the quality plays a particularly significant role. drainage system. It should not resemble a marshy swamp or an African desert. Gardeners advise arranging watering early in the morning so that the earth has time to absorb moisture during the day.

Fungi are more likely to appear in lawns that are frequently and heavily trimmed with a lawn mower. Any incision is a risk of fungal attack. It is also known that young grass has a weak immunity compared to the old one. Note that fungi do not like heat, which means that it is easier to fight diseases in the summer.

But these are just preventive measures. What treatments do experts recommend? For lawn root rot they recommend the following remedies: Spectracide immunox, Fertilome Systemic, Ortho lawn disease control, Propiconazole. For the most part, these are water-based systemic fungicides.

With colored circles on the grass fit: Turfcide, Spectracide immunox, Hi-Yeld Maneb and Green Light broad spectrum. Here the bet is made on the protective means of broad action. However, some complex fungicides may also be suitable.

Fungicides for the treatment of snow mold

From most fungal diseases, "snow mold" is distinguished by the fact that it attacks plantings in winter. The fungus settles in the lawn with the first cold weather and early snow. You will see manifestations of the disease only in spring and summer, when young grass sprouts on your lawn. The owner of the weed will have time to prevent the "epidemic". Firstly, it will be necessary to remove the remnants of the old greenery in late autumn in order to destroy the springboard for a possible “landing of fungi”. Secondly, in the spring, re-remove all natural debris and carry out the correct mowing of the young.

There are many on the market preventive fungicides against this bullshit. The experts recommend the following line of products (mostly granular chemicals to be mixed with water): Terraclor 75WP, Ferti-lome Azalea, Camellia, Crape Myrtle Insecticide and Fungicide, Hi-Yield Turf and Ornamental Fungicide(containing 10% PCNB), Hi -Yield Terraclor Granular Fungicide. (more on them below)

For autumn prevention the DMI fungicides strobilurins and dicarboximides are also suitable. They need to be applied to the soil at the very end of the season.
To protect plantings Ortho Garden Disease Control (Daconil 2787), Hi-Yield Daconil Lawn Vegetable Flower Fungicide, Fertilome Lawn & Garden Fungicide, Fertilome Broad Spectrum Liquid Fungicide and Bonide Fung-onil are already familiar.

Potassium bicarbonate is a traditional homemade fungicide.

Potassium bicarbonate is an organic chemical compound (KHCO3) in powder form white color, which is widely used in various fields: from medicine, sports, cooking and to agriculture. This protective fungicide is a real lifesaver for plants growing in acidic soils because it:

• has low toxicity;
• protects vegetables (particularly pumpkins) and ornamental plants from powdery mildew;
• reduces the rate of reproduction of harmful fungi and bacteria.

BUT! Potassium bicarbonate does not protect against black spots on roses and against direct plant contact with fungi.

Why is it often used as a replacement for soda (NaHCO3) in plant treatments. Based on the composition of these chemical compounds, it seems that there is almost no difference in them and they are similar in chemical properties. But this is only at first glance.

It is known that in contact with the soil, both soda and B.K. eventually settle in it in the form of chlorine salts - which are useful for the growth and nutrition of plants, but in excess carry great harm (especially sodium from soda). Therefore, you can not use these fungicides randomly! Processing them is possible only in certain seasons - in spring or autumn, depending on the type of soil. You can use any of them, but B.K. considered more effective than soda.

Unlike B.K., soda does not kill powdery mildew on plants, but only prevents its spread, which was repeatedly recorded by those gardeners who used it as a fungicide and compared the action with B.K. Therefore, the choice between potassium bicarbonate and soda seems to us virtually obvious.

We offer you the most popular recipe using potassium bicarbonate:

“Mix 4 teaspoons (or 1 heaping tablespoon) of potassium bicarbonate with 4 liters of water. Lightly spray the leaves of plants affected by black spots, powdery mildew and other fungal diseases. In this case, potassium bicarbonate is a good substitute for soda."

To get rid of fungal infections and mold or prevent the appearance, the soil is treated with special preparations - fungicides.

1 What are fungicides?

Fungicides are chemicals that, when used correctly, kill fungal diseases and at the same time do not harm the plant that is being processed. With the help of fungicides, they get rid of late blight, gray rot, peronosporosis, fusarium, powdery mildew and leaf spot.

In terms of chemical composition, fungicides have a wide range of variations and include substances that can disinfect the soil and plant tissues. Common variants of fungicidal substances can be called:

1.1 Types of fungicides

Depending on the form of the substance, such mixtures are sold as powders, emulsions, liquid solutions or emulsions. Moreover, any of the forms is easily soluble in water, which simplifies the processing process.

Depending on the composition of the mixture, two types of fungicides are distinguished:

• inorganic;
• biological.

Inorganic are a mixture of various chemicals (up to hazard class 4 for humans). The basis for such mixtures is ground or colloidal sulfur, mercury chloride, or copper chloride.

1.2 Types of fungicides

Biological fungicides are composed of heterogeneous strains of active bacteria. They feed on fungal tissues without touching the healthy cells of the home flora.

According to the type of action on fungal tissues, mixtures are divided into:

• preventive;
• medical.

Preventive (prophylactic) mixtures are introduced into the soil periodically even before the first signs of infection appear. In this case, the effect of the drug is sharpened to inhibit the reproductive organs of the fungus. As a result, even if it falls into moist soil, the fungus loses its ability to spread in the nutrient medium of the plant. This type of fungicide is suitable for potatoes and periodic lawn treatment.

Medicinal fungicidal substances suppress the reproductive organs and body of the fungus, reaching the mycelium.

With the help of such compounds, an already infected plant is treated. They help to get rid of even inactive wintering particles, for example, near the lawn. Such a solution is suitable for tomatoes and strawberries in the fight against gray rot.

With regard to the type of interaction with the fungus, fungicides are divided into:

• contact;
• systemic.

Contact mixtures penetrate to a shallow depth and fight mold with direct contact. This type of substance includes potassium permanganate, zineb, Bordeaux liquid, and sulfur. Contact mixtures only protect against superficial fungal infections.

When mold penetrates into plant tissues, they are powerless. In addition, thanks to the point principle of action, the plant and soil are covered carefully, without missing a millimeter, otherwise the remaining particles will develop again.

1.3 How it works

The main feature of contact fungicides is that fungi are not able to develop resistance to them with repeated use.

Systemic fungicides, according to the principle of action, are therapeutic. They do not require point distribution. The mixture falling on the ground is independently absorbed into it, and is also transported by plant tissues, reaching infected cells.

At the same time, protection against fungal infections after one application is maintained for 3 weeks. After 2 hours after application, such a preparation is no longer washed out of the soil by rain.

The downside of the drug is that after three or four applications on one culture, plants and fungi develop immunity to the action of the mixture. Often a systemic fungicidal solution is used for roses and open ground cucumbers. The effect on these plants is the most pronounced.

1.4 Control of plant diseases with fungicides in an ornamental garden (video)

2 Features of the use of fungicidal mixtures

To get an effective effect when using fungicide mixtures and at the same time protect yourself from the possible negative effects of the drug, follow the rules:

1. Mixtures are distributed on the site using protective equipment. Rubber gloves act as protection for the hands, and a respirator or mask made of dense fabric that is not able to pass particles of the substance is put on the face.
2. The distribution of the solution is best done using a modern one. This will ensure uniform coverage of the entire treated area with the drug.
3. carried out on cloudy days. A good time for this is the evening in the spring, early morning (dawn) in the fall. The green part of the plant is processed first. After that, the remains of the solution are distributed to the soil. It is advisable not to spray the composition 3-4 hours before precipitation.
4. When processing crops in which the green parts are eaten, the stem, leaves and flowers are not treated with the drug during flowering. The green part of the plant transports the composition and retains individual chemicals in the tissues for a long time. Therefore, they cannot be eaten. You can not process the leaves and flowers of tomatoes, cherries, sweet cherries, gooseberries and radishes. If the treatment was carried out earlier, then you need to wait for the expiration date for this mixture.
5. Plants are treated with a freshly prepared solution. A mixture that is stored for more than 24 hours, catastrophically loses its properties and is less effective in use. The best option is to dilute the drug immediately before spraying.
6. Store fungicidal mixtures in sealed containers. It is advisable to choose a dry, dark place for this. Atmospheric moisture can affect the structure and action of chemicals, reducing their toxicity to fungi. Sunlight also reduces the effectiveness of active bacteria in biological mixtures. The room is selected with good thermal insulation in order to keep the preparations from the action of sub-zero temperatures.
7. When watering coniferous plants, lawn, flower beds and playgrounds with fungicides, they should be protected from children and pets for a period of at least two weeks. During this time, such a pesticide will have time to decompose in the upper layer of the soil, and the remains of the substance inside green plants will not harm humans or animals.
8. Fungicides are stored depending on the type: biological mixtures - 2 years, chemical compositions remain effective even after 10 years of storage. Shelf life is indicated on the packaging.

Spraying is the most effective way to treat plants.

Remember that repeated use of one composition reduces the effectiveness of each subsequent one. An acceptable scheme is the alternation of system and contact mixtures.

If only systemic drugs are used, then alternate 2-3 chemical compositions.

2.1 How to choose the right fungicide?

Fungicide formulations affect home crops in different ways. The reason for this is the principle of action of the drug, the structure of the plant processed by it, chemical composition solution.

The most common are the following drugs:

1. Strobirulin. Systemic fungicides that are used to prevent the occurrence of fungal infections. They have high thermal resistance. Easily distributed in all green tissues. Drugs of this type include Cabrio top, Zato, Amistar, Flint.
2. Hydroxyanilides. They belong to the systemic type of mixtures. Safe for humans and animals. Used for prevention. A well-known composition of this type is Teldor.
3. Triazol. This mixture is used not only for prevention, but also for the treatment of plants. The solution is absorbed mainly through the leaves of the plant. Presented on the market with drugs Alto, Topaz, Rex, Split, Sportak.
4. Benzimidazole. Systemic fungicide that is absorbed into the roots from the soil. Spread the solution effectively during watering. It has a medicinal effect, it is also used for seed disinfection.
5. Dithiocarbamate. A contact preparation is used to prevent the appearance of fungi on leaves and stems.
6. Immidazole. A contact fungicide that is used to control powdery mildew and some types of mold. It is contained in the preparations Trifmin and Mirage.