Summary of the GCD in the preparatory group on the topic: Primitive people. "Back to the Past". Stone Age The game "Who needs what for work?"

“... not to give samples, to put the child in a situation where his usual ways of acting are obviously unsuitable and to motivate the search for the essential features of a new situation in which to act - these are the foundations of non-traditional pedagogy based on the psychological theory of learning activity ... "

G. A. Zuckerman, Doctor of Psychology

It is this approach that underlies my program "My Planet" - a minimum of teaching words and a maximum of action and reflection on a given problem.

But first you need to get involved in the work, to prove yourself, to declare yourself. Passing a lit candle, the children said all the most interesting things that happened to them over the past week (or a day, because a week is an eternity in the minds of preschoolers - after midnight a new day begins in the garden, and what happened before it, children cannot always remember ).

Examining illustrations on the topic and discussing what they saw. Each child talks about what he sees. To be able to see the patterns in the picture, to talk about what they saw is a very important skill and modern children especially need it. Connected speech of modern children needs to be developed.

We discussed how the ancient people were dressed. Discussion snippet...

- Guys, what did ancient people wear? Look carefully.

-They were naked! one guy says.

-What are you doing! They are in shorts! Polina says.

What do you think their clothes are made of?

-From paper!

- Made of wood!

- You need to take paper, recycle and it will turn out new material, - reflects our philosopher Makar.

- Yes, from the skins! Polina exclaims.

I didn’t say anything myself - I led the children themselves to think.

-Guys, how do you think how ancient people got their own skins?

-Beasts were killed, goats! Yarik says.

- Exactly, they got themselves a beast and made clothes and something else ...

-What do you think, why did the ancient man need fire?

-When there is no light at home, we also light a fire - candles, - Makar reflects.

- And they cooked food! Polina says.

-Of course, for warmth, light and cooking, and also to frighten wild animals.

- Guys, look here (showing a picture with a battle with a cave bear) - what do ancient people do?

-Fight!

What should they be then?

- Courageous, friendly, strong!

Then we build the world of ancient people. We say that they needed water and built dwellings next to water.

Learning to agree on where the plants, the cave will be....

The world is ready, but there are no ancient people themselves. Children make ancient people from branches, plasticine. Everyone chooses the color, size of branches for arms and legs. In this task, I pursued another goal: I paid attention to the structure of the human body: arms, legs, neck, head .... In my practice, I often note the difficulties of children in orientation in the body, in the structure, which is especially evident in the drawings of a person.

They remembered that ancient people had clothes made of skins. We touch the skin, talk about our feelings - a very useful exercise (development of sensations, speech - a dictionary of signs).

Julia Maznina

Recently, bored with small and big travels, my sons and nephews and I decided to arrange time travel at home. we have already searched, the next point of our travels in the past was the Stone Age. It is interesting to see how primitive people lived. But it so happened that we did not just look at the life of prehistoric people, but due to an error in the time machine, we turned into hominids - the ancestors of man, and we had to go through the entire evolutionary path together with primitive people in order to become Homo sapiens again - a reasonable person. The game took us about two hours. The scenario is suitable for children from 3 years old.

Leading: If you and I were on our planet Earth 3 million years ago, everything around us would be a little different. And we would be the only people on it. Yes, don't be surprised. At that time, there were no humans on Earth. Accounting believe that the first man appeared on our planet 2.4 million years ago. It happened in Northeast Africa.

On the map (physical or political), find the northeast of Africa, you can put some kind of mark there or stick a flag.

Leading: Then primitive people went to Asia and Europe. Here the development of ancient man went faster. The first civilizations appeared in Asia.

Show Asia and Europe on the map. You can indicate the movement of primitive people with arrows (If your map is laminated, the arrows can be drawn or cut out of paper).

Leading: Want to see how primitive people lived and what they did? Then you and I need to get to the Stone Age, or rather, to its very beginning - in the Paleolithic era, when prehistoric people learned to use stone tools.

The facilitator looks around the participants thoughtfully.

Leading: In order for primitive people to accept us as their own, you and I need to change our appearance. How did prehistoric people dress? They did not know how to make fabrics; the skins of animals that were scraped and dried in the sun replaced the fabric. Primitive people preferred to leave their feet bare, but you and I can make special shoes - pistons, by collecting a piece of leather around the ankle.

Participants dress like primitive people. Instead of leather, you can use, for example, brown fabric. We fixed the pistons around the ankles with bank elastic bands.

Leading: Is everyone ready for time travel? Turn on the time machine, let's go! Our goal is the Stone Age, the Paleolithic era.

Children start the time machine, all participants move to a place marked with a sign "Paleolith" (the presenter himself or participants who can read can read). Any box, remote control, children's steering wheel can act as a time machine. You can even just imagine that you have it and, for example, lies in the palm of your hand. We use a board with switches, latches and other handle developments.

Leading: Well well. Looks like our time machine is a little off today. We were not in the Paleolithic era, but a little earlier, when human ancestors lived on Earth - hominids. Now hominids are called the ancestors of man and great apes.

Well, you and I, guys, will have to go through the same path that a person went through in the process of his evolution - from a skilled man (Homo Habilis), still very similar to great apes, to a reasonable man (Homo sapiens), like we you. Forward!

1 stop. Human ancestors - hominids

Our first stop is the time of the hominids, the great ape-like ancestors of man, such as chimpanzees and orangutans. What do you think human ancestors were able to do? And what did they eat?

Leading: Quite right! Most likely, they still moved on four legs, could easily climb trees and ate what they could find around them: bananas and other fruits, roots dug out of the ground. Shall we try?

Participants walk on all fours, looking for something to eat. They can climb onto the sports complex, a sofa or a bed on all fours. Hang some bananas on the gym or on the doorknob and let the participants try to eat them without their hands. If you decide to eat root vegetables dug out of the ground (for example, carrots or turnips), they, of course, need to be cleaned.

2 stop. skillful man(Homo h abilis)

Leading: Are we going further? Our next stop is the Paleolithic era, the time of a skilled man - Homo habilis (homo habilis). He was still very bent, with long arms and a large head. The growth of a skilled adult was like the growth of a current 12-year-old boy.

Participants depict what a skilled person was. They try to bend so as to reach the knees with the fingertips of straightened arms, then to the ankles, then to the floor.

Leading: A skilled man was the first to learn how to process stone and make tools out of it. That is why scientists call this time in the history of our planet the Stone Age. What do you think a skilled man could do with his stone tools?

Participants give their guesses. Try pebbles to split the bones from an apricot or plum, chop crackers, dig up the ground in a pot with a houseplant.

Leading: And where did the skilled man live? He still did not know how to build houses, and for housing he used those stone structures that nature provided him. Guess what?

Participants give their guesses.

Leading: Quite right. A skilled man used caves for habitation. Let's make our own.

Make a cave using a table, chairs and bedspreads.

Leading: A skilled man obtained food for himself by collecting foxes, the fruits of plants, digging out the roots of plants. Bird nests were a great success for the ancient man.

Make a bird's nest out of paper or newspaper in advance. Fill it with a few chocolate eggs or Kinder Surprise capsules with small edible surprises inside. Move the nest up high for the participants to find it.

3 stop. Homo erectus (Homo erectus)

Leading: Our next stop with you is the Paleolithic era, the time of Homo erectus - Homo Erectus (homo erectus). An adult erect man was slightly shorter than a modern man, but his arms were longer than ours. He invented the ax and hunted small game. A hand ax is a piece of stone, sharpened at one end, which the ancient people clamped in their fist and used as a knife, ax or pick. He also learned how to sustain fire. Where do you think fire came from in prehistoric man?

Participants give their guesses.

Leading: Yes, ancient people could meet with fire during a thunderstorm, when lightning struck dry wood and it caught fire. The ancient man himself did not yet know how to receive fire, so the fire had to be protected. What could put out the fire? And how could fire be transferred to other people?

Participants give their guesses. You can conduct experiments: extinguish a candle with water from a spray bottle, blowing it out, blocking the access of air, closing it with a jar or filling it with sand or salt. Light one candle from another - this is how ancient people could transfer fire to each other.

Leading: So, primitive man had to protect the fire from rain and wind, to make sure that the smoldering fire was not covered up and trampled down, so that the fire had access to air all the time and there was something to burn. In the caves, ancient people made a hearth, lined it with stones, regularly threw brushwood (dry branches) into the fire so that it would not go out. Let's make a hearth in our cave.

Participants choose a place in the cave for a hearth, surround it with stones. We had real ones, but you can cut stones out of cardboard. They collect brushwood (simple pencils can become them) and light a fire (you can roll tubes of paper or napkins). We had brown cubes as brushwood, and we made fire from red, yellow and orange cubes.

Leading: How do you think fire changed the life of ancient man?

Participants give their guesses.

Leading: Quite right. Fire changed the diet of ancient man: if earlier he ate only raw food, now it could be cooked on a fire: fry meat, bake vegetables. The fire allowed the ancient man to live in a cooler climate, because the fire was warmer. Fire made the life of primitive people safer: the light and smell of a fire scared away wild animals, which is probably why people still like to look at fire so much.

Prepare in advance small pieces of sausage, cheese, cucumber, fruit or marmalade (children especially like this option) and wooden barbecue sticks. If there are no long sticks, you can use toothpicks. Let the participants make their own kebabs and “roast” them over a fire. This game can be inserted into any quest and carried out at any holiday - it is always a success. It gives the participants the opportunity to relax a little, and also those who have not participated much before are immediately attracted to the game.

4th stop: Heidelberg man (Homo heidelbergensis)

Leading: Are we going further? Our next stop is the Paleolithic era, the time of the Heidelberg man - Homo heidelbergensis (homo heidelbergensis). He was even taller than Homo erectus, strong and sturdy. Do athletes train with dumbbells now? And what could the Heidelberg man use?

Do some rock exercises. Instead of real stones, you can take bags of cereal (preferably fabric ones) or thick books that are comfortable to hold.

Leading: The Heidelberg man invented the spear and was already hunting large animals. Which one do you think?

Leading: Not all types of animals hunted by prehistoric man exist in our time. Most of them died out. Died out:

Need a script for a children's party?

• a big-horned deer (its horns reached 4 meters in scope, with such horns you can’t get through the forest);
• mammoth (a close relative of the elephant, but much larger, the legs were short, and the body was covered with thick hair, so he was not afraid of the cold; mammoth tusks reached a length of 4 m);
• woolly rhinoceros (it looked like the rhinoceros that lives on our planet now, but its body was covered with thick hair, like that of a mammoth);
• cave bear (was larger and stronger than an ordinary brown; scientists believe that he did not hibernate).

Here are bison - huge wild bulls - still live in America. Only the front part of the body is covered with thick hair, there is a hump on the back, and short and thick horns on the head.

Participants can portray the animals that the facilitator is talking about.

Leading: I think you and I should also get a spear and go hunting. And before the invention of the spear, ancient people hunted by throwing stones at the animal.

A spear can be made from a stick by tying to it or attaching with tape a tip made of cardboard or other material. If a stick is not available, a spear can be cut from a large piece of thick cardboard. In this case, it is better to take soft or rag balls as stones.

Arrange a hunt for a mammoth or an elephant. Mammoth can be made like this: put two chairs or put two large pillows on the floor and cover them with a large piece of cloth. Throwing spears, try throwing the covers off the chairs. Or maybe an older brother or dad will agree to become a mammoth. Let the fitball be a woolly rhinoceros - throw the fitball over the line by throwing spears or stones.

Leading: The Heidelberg man also learned to build a dwelling out of branches and skins. What do we call these dwellings now?

Participants express their options.

Leading: Correctly. We call a dwelling made of branches a hut, and if a rigid frame made of branches is covered with animal skins, we get yaranga, chum, wigwam or tipi. Can you and I build such a dwelling?

Build a model hut. You will need: a small piece of a tourist rug, foam rubber or just plasticine, toothpicks, a few crumpled foil wrappers or chocolate bar foil cut into pieces (the wrappers should be crumpled so that they can be straightened later). First, hunt animals: lay crumpled candy wrappers on the table, let the participants try to hit them with spears - toothpicks. Whoever hit the "beast" takes the wrapper for himself. On a piece of tourist rug, make the base for the wigwam from toothpicks. Then, with your fingers or with the help of a stack, take care of dressing skins(spread the candy wrappers) and cover the base of the wigwam with them. Secure the wrappers with glue or toothpicks. Ready!

5 stop. Neanderthal (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis)

Leading: It is time to go further along the path of human evolution. Our next stop is the Paleolithic era, the time of the Neanderthals - Homo sapiens neanderthalensis (Homo sapiens neanderthalEnsis). He had massive bones and a muscular torso, and he was stooped. The Neanderthal learned to build dugouts and make fire. The dugout is a dwelling

Make a dugout out of plasticine. You can put all the dugouts in an empty box, add dry grass, leaves, buckwheat or other cereals, trees from the designer, you can make a fire from plasticine, an ancient man can also be molded from plasticine or taken from the designer. You will succeed.

Leading: How did the Neanderthal manage to get fire? Rub your palms together hard, do you feel warm? Friction is the main ally in getting fire.

Participants warm their cheeks, foreheads, noses, heels, knees, etc.: rub their palms together, and then apply them to different places.

Leading: Mastered the Neanderthal and arrow and bow.

If you have a bow, arrange figurines (pictures of animals) on the floor, let the participants go hunting. We used a slingshot instead of a bow.

Leading: The Neanderthal also knew how to fish. I think you and I also need to learn how to fish the Neanderthal way - stunning the fish with a well-aimed hit of a pointed stick.

You will need some inflated balloons. Before inflating them, hide the “teeth” inside. Teeth can be picked up among oblong buttons, designer parts (they should have a through hole) or simply cut out of cardboard. Scatter the balloons around the room, give each participant a toothpick. The task of the participants is to catch the ball with one or both feet without the help of hands, and then pierce the ball with a toothpick (pierce balloon, just throwing a toothpick at it - almost impossible, checked). Participants take the items inside the ball for themselves.

know-it-all: From the bones and teeth of animals and from the shells of sea and river mollusks, the Neanderthal learned to make jewelry. We also have trophies. Let's collect the decorations.

Participants receive a long thick thread and collect decorations.

6 stop. Cro-Magnon, he is a reasonable person (Homo sapiens sapiens)

Leading: We move on. Our last stop with you is the Mesolithic and Neolithic era, the time of the Cro-Magnons, or Homo sapiens sapiens (homo sapiens sapiens). The Cro-Magnon man already knew how to do almost everything: speak, process stone, wood and bone, hunt and fish, sail on a raft, draw, sing, dance and even fight.

The Cro-Magnons lived in clans - in small groups consisting of relatives. Clans united in communities that lived and hunted in the same territory. When several clans and communities had to unite to repel the attack of enemies, tribes appeared with a leader - the most powerful and wise hunter at the head.

Primitive people believed that each tribe has its own patron - an animal, a totem, from which the tribe originated. Let's invent a totem for our tribe. And since the Cro-Magnon man already knew how to speak, we should come up with names for ourselves.

Participants choose a totem animal for the tribe and names for themselves. And they try to identify the totemic animals of other tribes (from the pictures of the shadows of animals).

Leading: Turning to a totem animal with a request for something, ancient people performed various rituals: they sang, danced. He conducted these rituals and kept the tradition - the shaman, that is, the sorcerer, of the tribe. Many rituals were performed to primitive music. Of course, it was not like ours, the main thing in it was not the melody, but the rhythm. The first musical instruments were ... what? What do you think?

Participants give their guesses.

Leading: Processing a stone, knocking stones against each other, the Cro-Magnons noticed sounds. Therefore, the first musical instruments were drums, they beat on them with hands, sticks, and large animal bones. Then came rattles filled with seeds or dried berries, then other instruments. Let's find musical instruments and dance?

Participants find suitable instruments (drums, wooden sticks, spoons, noise boxes, flutes) and dance to primitive music (you can use sounds African drums) or to the funny “Song of Things” performed by M. Boyarsky. Inverted pans can be used instead of drums, carton boxes, plastic containers or just knock on a stool or table.

Leading: Cro-Magnons learned not only to hunt, but also to fight. For protection, they surrounded their camps with a palisade of logs, branches, and even mammoth bones.

Leading: Cro-Magnons learned how to make traps for wild animals. But we need to get around them.

Place sheets of paper, pieces of a floor mat, cubes from the designer on the floor. Have the participants carefully walk around them without hitting anything.

Leading: Cro-Magnons could also prepare food.

Distribute several pieces of thick thread to the participants. Let them lay out the snails - on sheets of white paper, imagining that it is snow. You can lay out the snails on the floor and shower them with "snow" (cotton wool or cotton pads).

Leading: Cro-Magnon people told about important events in their lives - successful hunts or attacks by enemies - by drawing on the walls of the cave. Some of these drawings (petroglyphs) can be seen in caves around the world today. Petroglyphs are like letters from the past to the future. Then writing emerged from these petroglyphs. At this point, prehistoric time ends, scientists study further history according to written sources. And what would you tell from here, from the end of prehistoric time to those people who live now.

Participants make rock paintings. For the base, it is better to take cardboard, and draw with beetroot juice, charred sticks or crayons. We painted with charred sushi sticks.

Leading: While the men hunted, the women took care of gathering and their dwellings. They met many interesting plants. We are also lucky with you. What plant is this, do you think?

The facilitator leads the participants to a hanging brown piñata - the fruit of the cocoa tree. The participants break the piñata, find chocolates and conclude that it is a cocoa tree. At our festive table, the children carried sweets on the skin, taking it by two ends.

Instead of a conclusion

Leading: Today you go to Kindergarten, study, your moms and dads work. And what did primitive man do? A skilled man lived by gathering - he ate what he could find (plants, animals, their eggs), a man erectus began to hunt. Gradually, the ancient man domesticated animals: his first companion was the dog. The ancient man had few things, he could easily move from place to place, so in the Neolithic era nomads appeared - people who were engaged in cattle breeding and constantly moved from place to place. Then the ancient man learned to grow plants himself, and not just to collect them. So there was agriculture - the occupation of settled tribes. Thanks to him, a person was able to provide himself with everything necessary. Gradually, the first settlements arose, then cities, and civilization began to emerge. But more on that in the next trip.

Participants say goodbye to the leader.

In preparing this game, the encyclopedia for children “We live in the Stone Age” from the series “Walking into history” (book in the Labyrinth) and the board card game “Once upon a time in the Stone Age” from the same series (game in the Labyrinth) helped me a lot .

Did you like the scenario of the holiday game? Save it to your wall social network to tell other parents about it and to please your baby on the next holiday!

Role-playing game« Parking primitive man »

Members: children 6-7 years old

Target: To consolidate the acquired knowledge with children, to bring joy and pleasure to children from role-playing game.

Tasks:

Cultivate interest in the history of development human;

Develop curiosity;

To expand the search and cognitive activity of children;

Develop cognitive activity, enrich vocabulary. Arouse a desire to actively participate in a general conversation and game.

Cultivate friendships and mutual assistance.

Develop memory, logical thinking, speech, interest in independent solving cognitive problems.

Dictionary activation: dwelling, cave, tribe, sacred fire, ritual dance, rock paintings.

Material and equipment: cave, animal skins, "bonfire", stones and sticks for "breeding" campfire, "spears", silhouettes of animals, sheets of paper, "river", skewers, crayons.

Musical arrangement: "Sounds of Africa", "Sound of Drums".

preliminary work:

Reading books and encyclopedias on the topic "Ancient world", "Journey to the Ancient World", watching video. Production of attributes for the game

Game progress:

Guys, do you want to go to the stone age? I really want to see how people lived in the ancient world! Who is with me? …… children's answers

What if the journey turns out to be dangerous: we may meet a wild beast, hostile tribes - are you not afraid? …… children's answers

Those who are ready to go on a journey through the Ancient World, come closer to get into the field of action of the time machine. Get ready! Get in the circle closer, we will start the time machine ….. game connoisseur

Put your hands on each other's shoulders friend: “We want to go to the Stone Age! We want to go to the stone age! We want to go to the Stone Age!”

In ancient times, people did not live alone, but in large groups - tribes. Imagine that we are a tribe.

Once primitive people

let's go to primeval forest.

And primeval sun

Looked at them from heaven.

Then these people decided

Live in a deep cave

They got the fire

They began to cook food on it.

And they ate with their hands

And drank water from the stream

Dressed differently than you and me

They had skin.

You fell into the Stone Age and reincarnated as primitive people. Guys, what do you think you are wearing? primitive people? ( take animal skins)

And where will you live?

Let's build a cave! (from blocks and bedspreads)

The boys need to agree on who will build which cave, and the girls what they will do.

But we will have one rule….

You know, primitive people barely spoke. Mostly they communicated with gestures. We will also try to convey some information to each other with the help of gestures without words.

The boys build caves out of blocks, branches and skins. What was the most important occupation of ancient people? (hunting, fishing, foraging)

How are we going to hunt animals and fish? What will be our weapon? Ancient people made weapons for hunting from sticks and stones, vines. We will also make spears and fishing rods.

Prepare spears and fishing rods. They go hunting and fishing. They take prey, find eggs, they carry everything to the cave.

Girls: collect fruits, herbs,

What did they eat from?

make dishes, decorate them,

How primitive people made fire?

they build a hearth, take care of it, chop nuts, wash and nurse children.

summed up: The children name who they shot down.

Well hunted, rich prey.

What shall we do with our prey, shall we eat it raw or roast it on fire?

(We sit around the fire and "fry" figured marmalade on skewers).

In the meantime, our prey is being prepared, we will perform a ritual dance so that the next time the hunt is successful.

Do you want to fulfill it?

A ritual dance is performed to the sound of drums.

Guys, do you like our trip to the Ancient World? Tell me what do you like here? Who were you, what did you do?

I think the food is ready. Who wants to try?

After a while it buzzes "Time Machine".

Guys, do you hear? I think it's time for us to go back. Or maybe someone wants to stay here a little longer? Maybe someone wants to decorate the walls of the caves?

Target: the formation of a positive attitude towards the results of human labor.

Tasks:

- to enrich the initial ideas about the life and way of life of primitive people;

- stimulate the manifestation of cognitive interest in changing a person's lifestyle;

- to form the skills of independent application of the acquired knowledge in gaming activities;

— didactic game"Historical tape" (dwellings, lighting items).

Equipment e: a video letter, a video player, a projector, slides (an image of a primitive man, a cave where he lived), board-printed games “The work of ancient people”, “Who needs what for work?”, “Draw and color the huts”, pieces of boiled and raw carrots (according to the number of children), a voice recorder.

GCD progress

caregiver. Guys, a video letter came to our group: “Dear guys! First grade students come to you for help. We love to take part in competitions, holidays, exhibitions that take place in the Children's House of Creativity. Soon there will be an exhibition on the theme “Prehistoric life”. For this exhibition, you need to submit drawings, applications, crafts, models that tell about how primitive people lived. We, a group of first-grade students, decided to make a mock-up “Corner of the Ancient World” together. AT in general terms we imagine how it should look: there must be a dwelling. But when discussing the question of what kind of house a primitive man had, our opinions were divided: some guys believe that the first dwelling of ancient people was a cave, others think it was a hut, and one boy said that the dwelling of a primitive man was a dugout. And suddenly someone remembered that you have such a layout in your group, and you know so much about the life of primitive people. Therefore, we decided to turn to you for help: please tell us about how primitive people lived. Guys, how can we help our friends?

Children. We can tell them about the life of primitive people, we can send our drawings, applications, invite them to visit, pick up illustrations.

caregiver. I am very glad that you are ready to help the guys. And to make your stories interesting, I propose today to recall everything that you know about the life of primitive people. Guys, do you know why ancient people were called primitive?

Children. Because they were the first.

caregiver. Yes, the word "primitive" consists of two parts: "first" and "life". Life is what a person uses in his life (furniture, dishes, house) to eat, not to freeze from the cold, to illuminate the room. What do you think, did the first man on Earth have all this? Did he have an easy life?

The children answer.

Why was life so difficult for him?

Children. Without clothes, he was cold, there was nowhere to hide from the rain, wind, hide from wild animals, he often went hungry.

caregiver. Guys, why couldn't a primitive man build a dwelling for himself, because he was surrounded on all sides by forests and mountains?

Children. He did not know how to build a house, he did not have the right tools.

caregiver. Yes, guys, man did not yet know how to use trees, stones or clay. It was hard for a man without a home. Listen to this poem.

Child

How to build a reliable house

The man didn't know yet.

In the primitive world complex

He was looking for a place to live.

He suffered from the winter cold,

The beast of prey threatened him.

The man needed a home

Where would he live in peace,

Where would he prepare food,

Ate and rested peacefully.

He wanted to have a home

Where would you stop being afraid.

And in the worries of the gloomy

Man sometimes dreamed

As with heavy prey

Returns home.

How does the family welcome him?

Sitting close by the fire...

And now he knows for sure

It's time to find him a home!

K. Nefedova

Educator. Guys, where did a man find his first home?

Children. In a cave.

Educator. Right! At first, people lived in caves that they did not build themselves, but found them.

The teacher, through a media projector, shows the children an image of a cave in which a primitive man lived.

Guys, were there furniture, dishes in the caves?

Children. No.

Educator. How did people manage without all this?

Children. They sat on rocks, ate with their hands, slept on the ground, on warm skins, without beds or pillows.

Educator. Guys, in order to remember what the primitive man ate, I suggest playing one more game.

Lotto game "The work of ancient people"

Around a large map depicting an ancient person, you need to lay out small cards, each of which depicts one of the types of labor of ancient people (hunting, fishing, collecting nuts, berries, roots, mushrooms, bird eggs). Children choose the necessary cards from among others, on which, in addition to the work of ancient people, are drawn modern views food preparation labor. During the task, they talk about what is drawn in the pictures.

The teacher invites the children to try one piece at a time, first boiled and then raw carrots, asks which one is softer, easier to chew, concludes with the children that it is a boiled carrot.

Educator. Primitive people made a very important discovery - they learned how to use fire, cook food on it. At first, people were very afraid of fire - they did not know how to get it and saw it only when lightning hit a tree, set it on fire and a big fire started. Gradually, people began to notice that fire gives warmth, scares away wild animals, that roots or meat that have been on fire are much softer than raw ones. And they decided to use fire - after a forest fire, they collected still hot coals, brought them to their homes and stored them in a special recess in the ground - they made a hearth. Why did they carefully protect it from wind and water?

Children. Because they did not know how to light a fire themselves.

caregiver. How did a person learn to make fire on his own?

Children. Fire began to be obtained as a result of the friction of wood against wood.

caregiver. Right! A person has learned to independently produce fire from a spark that occurs when a tree is rubbed, striking a stone against a stone. Do you think the life of an ancient man became easier after fire appeared in his cave?

Children. Yes.

caregiver. Why?

Children. The fire gave warmth, scared away wild animals, illuminated the cave; food cooked on a fire was tastier than raw food.

Educator. Let's continue our conversation about the life of ancient people. The first objects used by man were very simple, they did not require complex tools to make them. What were they made of?

Children. From wood, stone, animal bones.

Educator. I propose to play a game that will remind you of what important devices the ancient man invented in order for the work to be successful.

The game "Who needs what for work?"

A punched card is used, which is an A4 sheet, on different sides of which ancient people are drawn, engaged in various labors: a hunter, a fisherman, a woman sewing clothes, and tools, devices necessary for these people: a spear with a tip of a deer antler, arrows with stone and bone tips, a knife made of sharp stone and large fish bones, a bone needle for sewing clothes, a boat hollowed out and £ of a tree trunk. In the center of the sheet is a cut out rectangle. When completing the task, the children put a sheet of paper under the punched card and draw lines on it. Children need to connect people and devices, tools with lines; name the objects, talk about them and say why the people depicted here need them.

caregiver. Guys, who taught the ancient people to make these items and devices?

Children. They invented them themselves.

caregiver. Yes, people often discovered the possibilities of using or making objects by accident: a spoon appeared when one day, while stirring food with a wide stick with a recess, he noticed that there was food left in it; fork - after he realized that taking hot food with a chopstick with two cloves is more convenient than one. Guys, what was the work of an ancient man aimed at?

Children. To get food, to protect yourself from bad weather, from wild animals.

caregiver. Right! The work of an ancient man was aimed at protecting himself from the elements (rain, hail), from wild animals, in order to make objects that are convenient to use. Guys, our first-grader friends asked us to tell you more about the dwellings of ancient people. Do you think it was convenient for people to live in caves?

Children. No.

caregiver. Why?

Children. There were no doors or windows in them, the smoke from the fire remained in the cave, the light penetrated through the entrance, so it was dark there.

caregiver. Yes, guys, the cave has long served as a shelter for a person from the cold and predators, but still it was an unreliable home. The door had not yet been invented, so the entrance had to be constantly guarded from uninvited guests. Over time, a person began to understand that living in a cave is inconvenient: water flows into it, it is damp, dark and cold. In addition, not in every area there were caves, but you have to live somewhere! The man began to think whether to build a dwelling for himself? I propose to play a game during which you will remember what kind of dwellings the ancient people learned to build themselves.

Game "Draw and color the huts"

Children are divided into three microgroups, each of which receives an unfinished image of the dwellings of ancient people (hut, shack, hut). You need to guess what a person is building a house from in each picture, draw and color the pictures. After completing the task, the children talk about what is drawn in the pictures, what a person builds a house from, why he built such houses.

caregiver. Guys, so we remembered how primitive people lived. I recorded your stories about the life of primitive people on a dictaphone. Today, after sleep, we will select drawings, applications, illustrations about the life of ancient people and, together with the recording of your stories, we will send them to our first-grader friends. I think this will help the children in making a model, and they will be able to take part in the exhibition, which will be held in the Children's House of Creativity.

How did the first man appear? This question worries scientists around the world and excites the imagination of our children. We will take as a basis the theory of Charles Darwin that people are descended from monkeys and go to a distant and mysterious primitive world to feel like a representative of the Stone Age. We will build a cave, create for ourselves the image of a primitive man, learn how to make fire and create weapons. We will meet shamans and become the first artists. We will catch our first mammoth and learn all about the spirits that dwell among us.

We will find out:

• From whom did the first people originate (according to Darwin's theory)
• Where did primitive man live?
• How did you get your food
• What did primitive men and women do (I wonder if something has changed over millions of years? 😉)
• What did primitive people believe in?
• What animals inhabited the primitive world
• What did early man learn?

You'll get:

• theoretical material (on the basis of which you can tell the child how people lived in the Stone Age)
• thematic games that allow you to penetrate the world of primitive people and immerse yourself in the topic
• cards with logic games and tasks that you will need during thematic games
• Educational cards with drawings and information about animals, primitive weapons and tools

Age 4+

PDF format

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