Hand skin aging how to fight. Premature aging of the skin of the hands: causes. In the salon: the simplest procedures for skin rejuvenation

People say that the eyes are the mirror of the soul, and the hands are the reflection of a woman's self-respect. Hands can tell about social status and position, about the degree of self-respect, about the level of cultural development, about many habits and even about the character of a woman. The most interesting thing is that not only manicure is indicative here, but the condition of the hands from the fingers to the very shoulders.

That is why it is so important to have gentle, smooth and well-groomed hands. But often women neglect hand care, believing that just a manicure is enough for a good impression.

Or, with the onset of aging, they concentrate their attention only on the condition of the face, leaving the skin of the hands, already weak and devoid of any natural protection, without any care at all. And in the meantime, she begins to age, and after a while, quite contrastingly and treacherously against the background of a youthful face, she gives out all the information about her age so carefully hidden by the hostess.

How does the skin of the hand age?

This happens because the skin of the hands is very thin, it, as, for example, around the eyes and on the neck, is almost devoid of a layer of subcutaneous tissue, which produces (in more favorable areas) a sufficient layer of fatty film that protects the skin from numerous destructive external factors. In addition, such a film prevents moisture loss, which becomes a natural protection against the appearance of wrinkles. destructive impact of external factors and protecting it from moisture loss.

Further, by the age of 25-27, the aging process starts, meaningfully declaring itself with wrinkles not only on the face, but also with a fine mesh on the hands. Just at this time, the processes of skin renewal begin to slow down in the body, the synthesis of collagen and elastin fibers, which are responsible for elasticity, decreases. At the same time, blood circulation throughout the body slows down, which provokes difficulty in skin "breathing" and its nutrition. The production of melanin is also disrupted, which is why various age spots begin to appear.

If these processes proceed slowly and consistently on the face, then the epithelium of the hands becomes thinner and dries out much earlier than in other areas. As a result, even at a fairly young age, a fine network of wrinkles, age spots begin to appear here, and sometimes venous nodes begin to appear even ahead of time.

Premature aging of the skin of the hands: causes

But besides the fact that we do not provide the skin with proper care, due to its fine structure, we in every possible way accelerate the manifestation of signs of aging of the hands, exposing it to the destructive effects of many external factors:

• household chemicals

Laundry detergents, poisonous cleaners and detergents corrode the skin and disturb the moisture balance in it, which leads to premature aging of the hands due to the constant degreasing of its surface;

• weather

Firstly, gloves should be worn when it is still +70 outside, because due to frost and wind, blood circulation and its flow to the limbs are disturbed, which leads to a decrease in tone, peeling, crackling and dryness. In summer, always, every time you go out into the sun, be sure to apply sunscreen with UVA filters;

Against the background of accelerating the aging process, starting from the age of 45, the level of estrogen in the body of a woman decreases, which leads to a noticeable decrease in the reserves of collagen, elastin and fats. On the skin of the hands, this is manifested by a decrease in the tone of the muscles of the hands, “drying out”, the appearance of pronounced venous nodes and increased pigmentation.

Hand skin aging: tips to help prevent premature aging

• regularly moisturize and nourish the skin of the hands with creams

From fingers to shoulders. Use special moisturizing hand creams for these purposes and add a few drops of base or essential oils to them, these can also be oil solutions of vitamins E, A;

• exfoliate your hands twice a week.

Recipe: take 1 tsp. ground coffee or sugar and add some shower gel or wash. Then carefully rub the mixture on your hands and wash off everything. warm water. After peeling, be sure to moisturize them with cream. You will immediately feel effect - hands become soft and smooth.

• Always wear gloves in the winter and protect your hands with UVA creams in the summer.

Also take note effective method well moisturizing and nourishing hands, make them softer and more tender after the first “session”: at night, apply a nourishing cream on your hands in a thick layer and put on cotton gloves (you can find them in any cosmetic store). In the morning, when you remove the gloves, the redness will subside, the hands will be smoother, and the skin will be softer and smoother;

• at a more mature age, use antioxidant products that restore the skin of the hands.

Their composition must necessarily include elastin, collagen and vitamins A, B and E;

Folk recipes for aging hand skin

Do baths and hand masks at least 2-3 times a week - this will help you not only prevent, but also slow down the aging process of your hands. Here you can add decoctions of herbs such as sage, calendula, mint, chamomile, coltsfoot - they are famous for their rejuvenating effect. You can also add a few drops of base or essential oil. It is better to choose oils that also prevent aging (grape seed oil, sandalwood, almond, rosemary, olive oil).

The decoction is prepared as follows: take 2-3 tablespoons of herbs in 250 ml of water. Boil the broth under the lid for 15-20 minutes. Wait until cool and add 5-7 drops of oil. Soak your hands in the bath for 15-20 minutes, then apply a moisturizer.

Anti-aging mask based on egg and honey

Recipe: 1.5 tsp. melted honey mixed with 1 egg white and add 1 tsp of glycerin and a whisper of flour (oatmeal or barley) to the mixture. Mix everything until a homogeneous mass is formed. Hold the mixture on your hands for 7-10 minutes. Then rinse off the residue with water and apply a moisturizer.

Early skin aging, especially at a young age, is completely undesirable. Modern cosmetology, based on the latest medical research and development, helps to deal with this problem. However, skin diseases, heredity or other serious reasons affect the achievement of the result.

Nature has programmed the aging process in the body. This is inevitable and natural. Not a single century the greatest scientists of their time tried to solve this problem, to find the elixir of eternal youth. Is it possible to stop the biological clock for any period of time, to prevent facial aging?

Why Skin Aging Occurs

Premature aging of facial skin gradually begins at the age of 25. At first, this process proceeds almost imperceptibly, but under the influence of adverse factors, it can begin even earlier.

Pathological cases are characterized by premature aging of the skin, inconsistency with the biological age of a person. External signs of wilting:

• thinning of the subcutaneous fat layer;
• peeling, excessive dryness;
• the face changes its color;
• reduced elasticity, elasticity of tissues;
• deep and fine wrinkles appear;
• rosacea is clearly visible, in some places a vascular network is formed, red "stars" - this is a change in superficial vessels;
• early appearance of age spots.

The youthfulness and freshness of the face depend on the negative reactions that occur in the body. Many factors influence the rate of aging. Some of them you can fight cosmetics, others can be dealt with only with the help of modern medical achievements.

Endogenous factors

These are internal factors. They are manifested due to a decrease in immunity, hormonal imbalance. Premature aging is also affected by:

• disorder nervous system, failure of the endocrine;
• poor functioning of such systems as excretory, microcirculatory, respiratory.

The systems provide the necessary level of biochemical processes occurring in the body, affect local immunity. They are also responsible for barrier functions and temperature conditions.

The following problems can also lead to premature skin aging:

• the presence of diabetes;
• thyroid disease;
• developed hypothalamic-pituitary syndrome;
• vascular, cardiac diseases;
• lung disease;
• development of autoimmune changes in connective tissues.

With liver pathology, problems with the excretion of bile and urine, bad work digestive tract - not only internal organs suffer, but the condition of nails, hair, and skin also deteriorates significantly. If the metabolic processes in the body are disturbed, this is immediately reflected on the face.

In order for the skin to shine with health and youth, it needs access to oxygen, hormones, vitamins, and microelements. All this saturates the cells of the epidermis, supplying it with the necessary building material. Elements are carried along with lymph and blood. In addition to nutrition, an important role is played by the mechanisms responsible for decay products, as well as for cellular renewal.

Exogenous or external factors

Health is significantly affected by the environment. A large concentration of harmful chemical compounds in the air or water will adversely affect a person and his appearance.

The following exogenous factors are important:

• ultraviolet irradiation;
• neglect of sunscreen cosmetics, as well as after-sun creams that neutralize the negative effects of sunburn;
• dry or excessively humid air;
• skin stress, emotional background;
• bad habits - smoking, frequent use of alcoholic beverages;
• household chemicals;
• low-quality cosmetics;
• food colorings;
• allergic reactions to certain foods, preservatives, medicines.

Of great importance is the social status in which a person allows himself a better and higher standard of living. good food, comfortable living conditions, rest, expensive cosmetics - all this has a beneficial effect on the appearance of a person.

Mechanisms influencing premature aging of the face

Specific processes that are biochemical and physiological in nature are among the mechanisms responsible for pathological aging. They are the ones that affect the body. Reactions that promote the formation of free radical cells, as well as the activation of oxygen forms, come to the fore.

Free radicals are molecules that do not have a complete set of electrons. They must attach to themselves, taken from other molecules, electrons. This reactive activity normalizes metabolic processes. Under normal physiological conditions, the body controls the formation of free radicals.

Negative factors, ultraviolet radiation - all this leads to the accumulation of "bad" free radical molecules.

This can set off oxidative stress, which includes:

• cells begin to die prematurely;
• degenerative mechanisms are enhanced;
• regeneration slows down, and degradation accelerates;
• synthesis of collagen proteins is disrupted.

The elasticity and youthfulness of the skin depends on the state of collagen and elastin fibers. Over the years, their number and volume decreases. If there is an accumulation of free radical cells, the chemical, structural properties of the fibers change. And this affects the elasticity of the integument, the formation of wrinkles, a change in complexion.

Poor saturation of the epidermis with moisture leads to its destruction at the molecular level. Without moisture, the epidermal layer no longer functions as a barrier. It becomes vulnerable to bacteria, chemicals and mechanical damage. It loses its elasticity, begins to peel off.

Based on the foregoing, we can identify the main mechanisms that significantly affect premature aging. These include:

• slowing down cellular regeneration;
• reduction in the amount of elastin;
• changes in the structure of collagen;
• increased vascular permeability;
• dehydration;
• violation of microcirculation;
• violation of the barrier functions of the epidermis;
• accumulation of substances arising in the course of metabolic and chemical processes.

Prevention of early aging processes

Facial aging cannot be stopped only with massage or elite cosmetics. The skin has a certain "autonomy", but their health is associated with the general condition of the body, the normal operation of all its systems.

Modern medicine, despite significant progress, cannot have a significant impact on genetic and age-related aging. All efforts of pharmacology and cosmetology are aimed at limiting Negative influence"everyday factors".

Studying the mechanism of aging helps to understand the direction in which to move in order to at least slow down the pace of aging. Skin youth is affected by:

• mental and emotional disorders and stress;
• attention to the correct daily routine;
• normal sleep, good rest;
• balanced diet;
• giving up bad habits - smoking and excessive drinking;
• striving for normal functioning internal organs;
• timely treatment of diseases;
• normalization of immune and improvement metabolic processes;
• change in the hormonal picture;
• cleansing the body, including the release of toxins and toxins;
• the use of special cosmetics.

Natural antioxidants successfully block free radicals, thereby slowing down oxidative processes. They are taken orally in the form of medicines and nutritional supplements. You can also influence with the help of various cosmetic products. They are designed for the following purposes:

• moisturizing;
• saturation of cells with microelements, oxygen, vitamins;
• normalization of microcirculation;
• Improving immunity - general, as well as local;
• with the help of phytohormones;
• increase in tone.

Prevention against early aging of the skin of the face

Photoprotectors

One of the necessary measures to prevent premature aging of the face is the use of products that protect against ultraviolet rays.

Some of them are designed specifically to capture ultraviolet light. They change it with chemical reactions. Part of the radiation is spent on transformations and does not damage dermal cells.

These agents must be used with extreme caution. Before using them, be sure to conduct a test for the reaction of the body. The constituent substances can penetrate through the bloodstream and cause allergies.

An alternative to sunscreens is photoprotectors. This is due to the presence in their composition of finely ground mineral pigments, such as zinc oxide, titanium dioxide. These substances do not penetrate deep into the epidermis, but reflect ultraviolet radiation from its surface.

In addition, these sunscreens include:

• water;
• vitamins;
• moisturizing and emollient ingredients.

It is useful to use products that are intended for application after sunburn. They cool, moisturize, saturate with nutrients.

Moisturizing

Hydration plays a huge role in the fight against premature aging. Climatic or atmospheric factors can adversely affect water balance epidermis at the cellular level. This is especially true for living conditions in urban areas, where the air is saturated with aggressive chemical components.

Dry air causes the body to give up water, moist air increases the formation of sweat, sebum. High temperatures and low humidity dry out the skin. Wind has the same effect. low temperature adding to the loss of moisture thinning and flaking.

Healthy lifestyle

To prevent premature aging, it is necessary to healthy lifestyle life. It includes:

• proper organization of work;
• calm attitude to difficult life situations;
• moderate physical activity;
• being outdoors;
• adequate adequate sleep.

The tired state of the whole organism, often occurs due to a disturbed daily routine, constant lack of sleep. During the night's rest, renewal takes place, as well as restoration of skin cells.

Meals should be well balanced and varied. It is necessary to eat proteins, vegetables, fruits. Care should be taken to ensure that fluid intake is at least 2 liters per day. Only a carefully composed diet will help maintain the normal balance of the necessary elements in the tissues, and will prevent the loss of elasticity and firmness of the skin.

Aging is not a disease. This is a condition of the body that results from age or hereditary factors. Modern cosmetic and medical products cannot fully stop the aging process at the genetic level. You can slow it down with preventive measures. High-quality cosmetics for the face ensures good skin condition.

About the author: Larisa Vladimirovna Lukina

It is our pens that show the first signs of aging. However, we do not always different reasons) do everything to avoid aging of our hands..

The skin of the hands is regularly exposed to some kind of physical impact of various chemical compositions Therefore, the first signs of skin aging (especially in a woman) occur precisely on the hands, and not on the neck or face. Every day, even from the elemental effects of clean water:

• the skin becomes drier and drier,
• nails - more brittle,
• muscles are more constrained.

HOW TO AVOID HAND SKIN AGING

But we can fix it all. Today, in the field of cosmetology, they offer great services leading to rejuvenation and restoration of perfect hand skin. There are also many recipes for restoring the desired balance of the skin, and at home, and not some special salons.

Causes of skin aging

Of course, if the work is associated with physical labor, and the skin of the hands is subjected to serious physical disorders or injuries, then the skin problem will definitely show its shortcomings and problems in the very near future.

The effect of water and temperature on the skin of the hands

However, even if your activity is not associated with such hand loads, the skin may still suffer. from elemental exposure to cold or hot water. Therefore, if possible, try to avoid long-term contact with water (even hot, even cold).

The fact is that due to hot water, degreasing of the skin of the hands occurs, making it dry, and due to cold water- the skin of the hands becomes stiff. As a result, she begins to peel off. Therefore, it is very important in winter time be sure to protect the skin of the hands from frost. It is enough to lubricate it with a fat cream, wear mittens or gloves.

Hand creams and soaps

Very often, when buying a hand cream or soap, we do not even pay attention to their composition, and some of them contain aggressive components that contribute to skin aging. Proceed like this:

Proper massage - when the massage is carried out from the fingertips to the wrists, then the skin of the hands becomes more elastic, blood circulation in the hands increases, your muscle tone is restored and metabolic processes become better.

Skin aging is due to a decrease in estrogen levels.. This happens during menopause: there is a decrease in the production of collagen and fats, and this leads to a decrease in tone and, of course, to dry skin of the hands.

Pigment spots on the skin

Over the years, the fat layer becomes thinner. This is the cause of dehydration of the skin, which slows down the processes of natural renewal of your skin. Remember: The thinner your skin, the more noticeable the veins will be. In addition to this, age spots appear on the hands, which arise precisely due to the loss of the ability of skin cells to dose the product of the pigment. Therefore, they, in turn, accumulate in the skin.

Massage hands

Unfortunately, it is impossible to avoid all the harmful effects on the skin, but it is possible to slow down the aging process! Self-massage of the hands will help you with this. Do it daily - with or without cream (preferably with rosehip oil cream), but direct the movements from the fingertips to the wrist. This procedure will help you deal with:

• with swelling of the hands,
• improve blood circulation,
• improve the nutrition of skin tissues.

By constantly caring for the skin of your hands, you can avoid premature aging of the skin of your hands.

Years do not add youth, and the time of old age comes imperceptibly, it's all natural and inevitable. Older people may feel young at heart, but the reflection in the mirror shows otherwise.

Doctors and scientists are constantly working on the causes that cause skin aging, studying the changes that occur in tissues, looking for all kinds of, prolong and.

We age differently

The renewal processes occurring in tissues and organs are based on cell division. When this process slows down in the layers of the skin, its aging begins.

The skin fades in different ways, depending on the type of dermis and the specificity of the structure of the human skeleton, there are:
Tired type, conditionally it can be called the starting point of incipient aging. This stage does not bypass any person. However, slender people, with or mixed type, are more susceptible to it.
Appearance of fine wrinkles (finely wrinkled). First of all, thin people who are not predisposed to fullness are subject to such withering, p. There is a second name for this type of aging - "Baked Apple".
Deformational. The most negative, it most strongly deforms the appearance. Characteristic for oily skin, which is denser and heavier than other types of dermis. Overweight people suffer from a "bulldog" face. Among Europeans, this is the most common type of wilting.
Combined (mixed). A very common type of aging. It concentrates the signs characteristic of tired, finely wrinkled and deformed at the same time.
Muscular type of aging. The skin does not lose its elasticity for a long period of time, there are very few fine wrinkles on it, the oval of the face does not change. Then, within a few years, there is a rapid decline. This is how people with Asian appearance mostly age.
The exhausted senile type is characteristic of people who have stepped over their 75th birthday. Here are connected all the options for changes in the skin.

By carefully studying the above classification, you can independently determine how your skin ages and choose the appropriate ways to care for it.

In the photo: the processes that occur with facial skin during aging

Why does early skin aging occur?

Heredity plays a major role in the age-related changes that occur with the body.

Heredity plays a major role in the changes that occur with the body. However, the lifestyle that a person leads is also important. Collagen and elastin, which are contained in the skin, provide its firmness and elasticity.

After 30 years, a gradual decrease in the production of these proteins begins, which leads to the appearance of wrinkles. It is at this age that you should already begin to take care of the skin. How to properly care for skin after 30 years, read in.

Signs that signal skin problems:, the presence of a vascular network; mimic wrinkles; , flabbiness.

Reasons for rapid fading can be:
Stress and depression - extremely negatively affect not only the appearance, but also the entire body.
Addictions such as alcohol abuse, tobacco addiction, drug addiction and even coffee (in large quantities) are a direct path to an earthy complexion and wrinkles.
Influence of adverse factors environment.
Ultraviolet rays - destroy the skin.
Improper nutrition and overindulgence in sweets are considered to be one of the main causes of wilting.
Insufficient amount of drinking clean water throughout the day. For the normal functioning of the body, it is necessary to drink liquid daily at the rate of 30 ml per 1 kg of human weight.
Oxygen starvation - absence fresh air, slows down all processes in the body.
Insufficient sleep duration - you need to sleep at least 8-10 hours a day.

The skin needs to be provided with proper, proper care, perform all necessary . Cleansing, moisturizing and nourishing are the three pillars on which the maintenance of the health of the dermis is based.

Medications in the fight against aging

Each person should do everything possible, make every effort to maintain their health and prolong the youthfulness of the skin.

Each person should do everything possible, make every effort to maintain their health and prolong the youth of the body.

With the help of the science of biochemistry, substances have been identified that can slow down aging. There are about twenty of them: vitamins, fatty acids, carbohydrates, enzymes, trace elements, hormones, etc.

These components are necessarily included in the preparations - geroprotectors. The pharmaceutical industry is constantly working to create new anti-aging formulas.

Pills that protect the body from withering include: Metformin, Aspirin cardio, Meloxen, Circadin, Rapamycin, etc.

With help scientific research and practical tests have proven that these drugs are effective in prolonging youth and increasing life expectancy.

Means for prolonging youth

In addition to tablets, pharmacy offers a large selection of products that preserve the beauty and youthfulness of the skin. These include:
innovative wrinkle smoothing creams with 3-D fillers;
skin tightening gels;
, relaxing facial muscles and smoothing fine wrinkles;
;
rejuvenating and tightening masks. For example, .

From the components purchased at the pharmacy, you can prepare cosmetic skin care products at home. How to make a wrinkle cream at home is described in detail in.

In the photo: the stages of age-related aging and changes in the content of elastin and collagen

Cosmetic procedures

The human body is capable of self-renewal and improvement. Help him in this, create everything the necessary conditions and your life will change, it will be filled with joy, optimism and youth.

Aging of the whole organism is a natural and inevitable process programmed by nature, which is one of the main problems of biology and medical science in general.

Although the changes appearance are natural, physiological, but the timing of their appearance depends on many causal factors - genetic, hereditary, age. The latter are determined by the influence of the aging organism on all organs and tissues, including the skin. What are the causes and how to prevent premature skin aging.

Causes of premature skin aging

External manifestations of pathological wilting include:

• thinning and, a decrease in the thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer;
• dryness, itching and peeling of the epithelium of the stratum corneum;
• discoloration of the skin of the face;
• decreased skin turgor and gravitational tissue ptosis;
• early appearance of wrinkles, folds on the face;
• vascular changes in the form of expansion of superficial vessels (), the appearance of vascular "nets" and "asterisks";
• premature aging of the skin of the hands;
• early and.

These phenomena begin to appear from the age of 25, and in the presence of adverse factors, sometimes even earlier. With increasing age, they increase more and more. Pathological, or premature, aging is accompanied by changes in internal organs and tissues and is characterized by a higher rate of appearance of changes in a person's appearance compared to people of the same age category. In these cases we are talking about advancing, exceeding biological age, in comparison with passport data.

Inextricable withering of the skin is associated with changes throughout the body. Accordingly, the factors that cause early skin aging are basically the same as those that accelerate the appearance of age-related changes in the body. Thus, the rate of development of age-related changes in the skin is constantly or periodically affected by numerous unfavorable, so-called "everyday" factors:

1. Internal, or endogenous.
2. External, or exogenous.
3. A combination of internal and external factors.

Endogenous negative factors

They are mainly associated with a weakening of general immunity and a violation of the blood levels of sex hormones, in particular estrogens, in women. In addition, for the development of premature aging, the inadequate functioning of the nervous, endocrine, microcirculatory systems, organs of the excretory and respiratory systems. All of them provide the skin with the ability to maintain biochemical processes, temperature and barrier functions, and local immunity at the required level.

Therefore, the most common diseases leading to early skin aging are pathology. endocrine system, especially diabetes mellitus, reduced thyroid function, hypothalamic-pituitary syndrome, diseases of the endocrine glands of the genital organs, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular insufficiency, chronic pulmonary pathology, a decrease in the degree of general immune defense, which also leads to a decrease in local immunity, autoimmune connective tissue diseases.

Of no small importance are also the pathology of the liver and biliary system, diseases of the digestive tract and urinary system, metabolic disorders in the body. Features of premature wilting in men are associated, in addition to the above, mainly with a decrease (for various reasons) in the content of male sex hormones in the blood, since it is they that have a stimulating effect on the sebaceous and sweat glands.

It is quite natural that the full supply of the skin with oxygen, vitamins, microelements, hormones, etc., of course, depends on the content of these components in the body, but one should not underestimate their supply to the cells through the blood and lymph microcirculation system, as well as the role of these mechanisms in removal of decay products and processes of cellular regeneration.

Exogenous factors

These include mainly:

• Unfavorable environmental conditions (from 40 to 60%), in which the ambient air contains significant concentrations of chemical compounds harmful to the body;
• Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin that is not protected by sunscreens, as well as the neglect of the use of after-sun creams that help neutralize the effects of solar radiation;
• Insufficient, or, conversely, excessive humidity of the environment;
• Poor diet, overweight and lack of physical activity;
• Frequent stressful conditions and prolonged psycho-emotional stress;
• Abuse alcoholic drinks, as well as smoking, in which chronic nicotine intoxication, which causes spasm of small peripheral vessels, leads to disturbances in blood microcirculation and to a deterioration in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. In addition, some chemical compounds contained in tobacco destroy proteins, which include metal atoms (metal proteins) involved in the synthesis of skin and elastin, resulting in a decrease in skin elasticity with intense formation of wrinkles;
• Dyes and food preservatives and components of some cosmetics, as well as household chemicals that contribute to allergic and inflammatory reactions;
• The level of social status, including biological and psychological needs and social opportunities to meet them.

Basic Mechanisms

The mechanisms of pathological aging are specific physiological and biochemical processes through which the impact on the human body of negative endogenous and exogenous factors is realized. Among the various mechanisms at present, the main importance is given to the so-called free radical reactions, which result in the formation of free radicals and aggressively active oxygen forms.

Free radicals are "fragments" of molecules with missing electrons. Their reactive activity is due to the ability to attach electrons to themselves from other molecules. Such a biochemical reaction is necessary to ensure the flow of normal metabolic processes in the body. Under normal physiological conditions, the amount of free radical molecules is strictly controlled by the body.

However, under the influence of negative factors, especially chemical compounds of the environment and ultraviolet rays, an excess amount and accumulation of free radicals are formed. They lead to the destruction of the cell membrane, cellular lipids, proteins, mitochondria and DNA. The consequence of this influence is premature cell death, the predominance of degenerative processes over cellular regeneration, accelerated degradation and disruption of the synthesis of collagen and elastin proteins. All these phenomena are united by the name "oxidative stress".

Collagen and elastin fibers play a particularly important role in the condition of the skin, giving it a state of strength, firmness and elasticity. With age, there is a gradual decrease in their volume and quantity. But under the influence of accumulated free radicals, what is especially important, significant changes in their structure and physicochemical properties occur, due to which skin firmness and elasticity decrease, wrinkles and folds form, and tissues of the face and other parts of the body appear.

Another significant mechanism is a decrease in the saturation of the skin with water molecules and the destruction of its epidermal layer as a barrier. The result is an increased vulnerability of the skin to the influence of bacterial, physical and chemical factors.

So, summing up the section, it is necessary to highlight the main mechanisms and manifestations of aging. The first ones include:

1. Deceleration of cellular renewal.
2. Quantitative reduction and structural and qualitative violation of collagen and elastin proteins.
3. Disorder of microcirculation in tissues and increased permeability of the vascular wall, leading to skin dehydration and edema of the intercellular tissue.
4. Destruction of the epidermal barrier.
5. Accumulation of metabolic products.

How can early destructive processes be prevented?

Despite a certain “autonomy” of the skin, their successful functioning cannot but depend on the state of the whole organism or its individual systems, and it is impossible to slow down the processes of early skin aging by using only cosmetics and preparations.

Insofar as modern medicine has insufficient ways to influence the genetic and age factors of aging, then the main efforts of her and cosmetology are aimed at eliminating or limiting the influence of "everyday factors". Identification of the causes makes it possible to prevent aging or at least slow down the pace of its development. For these purposes, it is necessary:

• prevention of stressful situations and psycho-emotional disorders and increasing resistance to their effects;
• rational nutrition, the correct mode of work and rest, the normalization of sleep;
• quitting smoking and alcohol abuse;
• treatment of diseases or correction of the functioning of internal organs with drugs and other means;
• correction of the general immune state and local immunity;
• increasing the possibilities of regulating the body by adaptive mechanisms (improving metabolism, normalizing hormonal levels, accelerating the removal of toxins and toxins from the body, etc.);
• proper and regular skin care with anti-aging cosmetics.

Of great importance in the fight against oxidative stress has become an increased use and external use of natural antioxidants that can block free radical oxidative reactions, as well as their use in cosmetology and medicine in the form of drugs.

How to avoid premature skin aging?

Aging is not a disease, but a state of the body, which is due to heredity and age characteristics. Currently, medicine and modern cosmetology have very little ability to influence the genetic and age-related causes of aging.

At the same time, premature wilting is the object of their attention. Therefore, their main tasks are to eliminate the "everyday" causative factors and early manifestations of wilting, as well as the correct application of anti-aging therapy methods. This can be largely influenced by the person himself, who is informed about the causes of early withering of the skin.