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03.04.2020

Lily has been known to man since time immemorial. Its traces were found during archaeological excavations of ancient Egypt.

The article is all about the Asiatic lily: hybrids and varieties, photos, planting and care.

The mention of the divine origin of the plant is in the legends of the Greeks and Jews. The lily was an attribute of all kinds of festivities among the Romans. The capital of Persia, Susa, is named after the flower, and its coat of arms is decorated with lilies. In ancient Germanic mythology, it is the dwelling of fabulous elves.

In the Middle Ages, in France, a flower is a sign royalty and noble origin, in Italy and Spain - a symbol of the Blessed Virgin. The plant was used for medicinal purposes, grown at temples and monasteries.

The mass distribution of lilies began relatively recently, about two centuries ago, before that it was in the shade of roses, tulips, orchids.

Origin

Lily (Lilium) belongs to the genus of plants of the lily family (Liliaseae). Scientists consider Asia to be the birthplace of the lily, although it is difficult to give an exact answer to this question.

The development of breeding has led to the emergence of new plant species, hybrids. Hybrids were created taking into account the climatic conditions of a particular region, this contributed to the further spread of the plant.

The creation of new varieties of lilies began in Japan, then moved to Europe and North America. In Russia, breeding began at the turn of the 19th century. The first hybrid was bred by I.V. Michurin. The work on breeding new hybrids was continued by his student Z.N. Tsvetaeva.

Kinds

All types of lilies are divided into 8 groups, the main parameters of this division are the parents of hybrids, their places of growth and preferred types of soil.

Asian hybrids(AsiaticHybrids.) Grow on almost all soils, varieties are frost-resistant. Produced plants from tiger, pleasant and dwarf lilies.
Martagon hybrids(MartagonHybrids.) Grow in the same regions, also frost-resistant, unpretentious to the soil, prefer dark areas, sprout the next year after planting. Parents: curly lily and martagon lily.
Candidum hybrids(СandidumHybrids.) Parents are snow-white lily and chalzendon lily. Hybrids grow in the southern regions.
American hybrids(AmericanHybrids.) Parents: Canadian, leopard and Colombian lilies. They prefer acidic soils, seeds germinate next year, do not tolerate transplants.
Long-flowered hybrids(LongiflorumHybrids.) Parents: longiflorum, Formosan lilies. Plants are thermophilic, do not grow in middle latitudes, are grown in greenhouses.
Tubular and Orleans hybrids(TrumpetHybrids.) Derived from royal lilies, gray and Sargent's lilies. Winter hardiness of varieties is low, they grow in the southern regions. They need loose, fertile soil.
Oriental hybrids(OrientalHybrids.) These varieties are derived from lilies: beautiful, Japanese and golden. They grow mainly in the southern regions, slightly acidic soil is required.
New hybrids. This includes species of lilies that do not belong to the above groups.
The 9th section of this qualification includes the types of lilies growing in nature.

Up to 30% of all lilies belong to the group of Asian hybrids, are characterized by high frost resistance, unpretentiousness, and are grown in Russia, Northern Europe, and Canada. In second place in terms of distribution and popularity, in the world and in our country, are oriental lily hybrids.

Bloom

Asian hybrids in open ground begin to bloom in early July, late varieties bloom in late July, early August. Plants delight with their beautiful flowers for two, three weeks.

Differences between Asian and Oriental lilies

Asian lilies are unpretentious to soils, while eastern ones require loose and fertile land.
Asian lilies are more frost-resistant, do not require preparation for winter, oriental lilies either cover or dig up the bulb for the winter.
Asian hybrids bloom earlier than lilies of all existing groups, while oriental hybrids have the most beautiful and original flowers. In addition, the latter lilies have an attractive and tangible aroma, while Asiatic lilies have no smell.
Oriental hybrids have a drawback, they are very susceptible to the main diseases of lilies, because of this they require additional care.

Landing

Purchasing bulbs for planting. For the good and proper growth of the future plant, high-quality planting material. The bulb should be healthy, firm, without visible flaws and stains.

Plants grown from small bulbs may not bloom in the first year. After the purchase, everything must be treated with a solution of karbofos, this will kill possible pests. If the planting time has not come, store the bulbs in a cool, dark place, wrapped in a damp cloth or covered with moistened moss or sawdust.

Bulb preparation. Before planting, carefully inspect the bulb, remove rotten, damaged specimens. Cut off damaged roots and shorten if they are long. Ready for planting, treat the bulbs with a solution of fundozol.

Landing time. You can plant lilies in spring and autumn, experienced gardeners prefer to plant in the fall, in the second decade of September. The bulbs will take root well, especially if the autumn is warm. The most favorable time for planting lilies is in the spring, in mid-April.

Site and soil preparation. Most lilies prefer sunny, unshaded places. Lilies are planted in pre-prepared holes or small trenches, no more than 35-40 cm deep. The bottom of the hole is covered with a small layer of river sand or small tubercles are made from it, on which the bulb is placed. This will protect the roots of the plant from a possible excess of moisture.

Landing. The soil is prepared, the bulb is placed sideways (preferably) on a sandy bottom or on a prepared hillock, sprinkled with river sand on top and covered with earth. Humus or compost is added to the ground, watered, mulched (they cover the ground, around the plant, with sawdust or spruce needles).

Care

In the first year after planting, the lily can not be fed, the nutrients introduced are sufficient for good plant growth. Top dressing is done after the lily grows by 10-20 cm, a solution of potassium nitrate is used. Then, with a frequency of 10-15 days, feeding is repeated.

Immediately before the flowers bloom, potassium magnesia is added to the soil near the plant, it has a beneficial effect on the color of the petals. After flowering, a solution of superphosphate is used. In autumn, mulching is carried out with sawdust, spruce needles.

reproduction

Dividing the "nest" of bulbs. On the main bulb, in its bottom part, already in the first year, small bulbs are formed. They do not give shoots, but with their help you can plant a lily. In autumn, the main bulb is dug up a little, small bulbs are carefully separated and planted in a pre-selected place.

Reproduction by children. Bulbs are also formed on the root part of the stem, sometimes they are called air bulbs. In the autumn they are separated, without touching the main bulb, and seated.

Reproduction by scales. Lily is propagated by scales, this method is also simple. You can apply it at any time, but it is advisable to do this in the fall or spring. The bulb is carefully dug up, the scales are separated, no more than a third, the planting material is ready and there is a lot of it. You can start planting, the earth is torn off to a shallow depth, scales are laid, sprinkled with sand or sawdust and watered daily. After a few weeks, the scale will give a petal.

Reproduction from stem bulbs. Sometimes, in lilies, small onions appear on the stem, they consist of small scaly leaves. They fall, take root, sprout, they are collected and planted in a new place, the principle of planting is no different from planting simple bulbs. When choosing this type of flower breeding, you need to know that lilies will bloom only after two years. Among the Asian hybrids, there are many varieties that reproduce in this way.

Varieties of hybrids

Montreux(Montrex). Height 90 cm. The flowers are large, up to 14 cm in diameter, directed upwards, the petals are light pink, with a lilac tint. Montrex inflorescence has 11-14 petals.

Yeti(Yeti). Light yellow, outer side with a greenish tint, with large dots of brown, large petal.

Aelita. The inflorescence consists of 8-15 light yellow petals, directed upwards. Flower diameter 15 cm, plant height 90-110 cm. Blooms from mid-July, for two weeks.

Lady Jane(Lady Jane). Lilac flowers, plant growth 120-150 cm, 7-10 petals in inflorescence.

Lova Rose(Low Rose). Tiger lily, pink, blooms in July, plant height 110-130 cm.

Sweet Surrender(Sweet Surrender). Asian hybrid, cream color with a yellow tint, height 110 cm.

White Twinkle(White Twinkle). Multi-flowered lily, cream color, with purple spots, height 110 cm.

Pearl Jennifer(Pearl Jennifer). Yellow lily with brown spots, height 110 cm.

Pearl Justine(Pearl Justine). Yellow lily, tiger, height 60-80 cm.

Red Velvet(RedVelvet). Brindle hybrid, height 110 cm, bright burgundy color, with black specks.

pink haze(Rozovaja Dymka). Color pink, blooms in July, height 100 cm.

Lily is a beautiful and bright flower that does not require much effort to grow.

It blooms at a time when the flowering of tulips and peonies is coming to an end or has already ended, there is a certain lack of ornamental plants in the gardens, the lily will delight the eye at this time and thank the gardener for love and care.

Asiatic lily belongs to the lily family and comes from Asia, as its name suggests. It came from crossing wild species, such as bulbous, drooping, David, tiger, locust and others.

Initially, this type of lily is genetically adapted to harsh wintering conditions and hot summers. That is why in the middle lane the Asiatic lily winters well, has early flowering and is quite resistant to diseases. Asiatic lily is the most unpretentious variety for the middle lane with minimal care when growing.

Popular varieties of Asiatic lilies with photos

There is currently a large number of varieties, varieties and hybrids of Asiatic lily.

Breeding work began mainly in the middle of the twentieth century. Jan de Graaf developed varieties with red and orange flowers, another breeder Peterson managed to develop varieties with lilac, pink, white colors. Without a doubt, one of the most beautiful is the Asiatic white lily.

When classifying Asiatic lilies are divided into several groups.

Brushmark flowers with strokes at the base of the petals. The word brushmark is translated as a brush stroke. The color and intensity of the stroke can be different.

This group includes the following varieties:

Elijah is cream with an orange center and a dark spot.
Delta - rich yellow with brown strokes. Differs in long flowering.
Rostani - light apricot with a dark spot.
Zhuravinka - red with a dark spot.
Wangard - golden-orange with a red spot.
Zorka Venus - light apricot with a red stroke.

A photo. Asiatic lily brushmark Wangard

Bicolor- with two or more shades, passing from one to another.

The varieties of this group are as follows:

Sorbet is pink with a white center.
Grand Cru is a rich yellow color with a bright red base of the petals.
Lollipop - white color with raspberry tips is not very high.

A photo. Asiatic lily bicolor Lollipop

Tango- flowers with thick saturated specks at the base of the petals look very impressive.

The varieties of this group are as follows:

Black Eye - the color of the petals is white with a maroon speck
Tasmania - yellow with maroon specks

A photo. Asiatic Lily Tango Tasmania

pixie group- low-growing plants suitable for growing in containers. Plant height 30-40 cm.

This group includes varieties:

Golden Matrix - yellow with a rare dark speck.
Buzzer - rich pink without specks.

A photo. Asiatic Lily Pixie Buzzer

Terry- the most whimsical of the group of Asians, have a double flower:

Veil Morgana - terry yellow with a rare speck at the base
Fanny Twin is red.
Miss Lucy is pink.

lily bloom

Asiatic lily blooms earlier than other varieties - in early June, flowering continues for two weeks. Faded flowers must be removed.

To speed up flowering, plants can be treated, and for long-term flowering and more intense coloring of flowers with a preparation containing a set of trace elements - Cytovit.

Remember that Asiatic lilies are odorless, which is important for people with allergies.

Features of planting in open ground

Lily bulbs can be planted both in spring and autumn, in late August - early September. Asiatic lilies are so trouble-free that they tolerate transplanting even in flowering form and at the same time take root well.

It is important to know that the area for planting lilies should be well lit, otherwise the stems will bend.

Soils with close occurrence ground water also not suitable for growing lilies.
On light sandy soils, organic fertilizers must be applied for digging.
From organic fertilizers you can make rotted mullein, humus, peat with a slightly acidic reaction, fresh horse manure.

Asiatic lily bulbs are planted in open ground both in spring and autumn.

It is interesting that it is impossible to bring in fresh cattle manure, but horse manure is possible. The question arises - why?

Everything is very simple. Cows are fed rotten potatoes and stale vegetables. After passing through the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, the pathogens of fungal diseases enter the manure, and then into the soil viable and then penetrate the plants, infecting them. When manure overheats during storage in a manure heap, a combustion process takes place, and under the influence of high temperatures, the phytopathogenic microflora contained in it dies. Decomposed manure is harmless to plants.

Horses are fed mainly oats. Horse manure does not contain harmful microorganisms and fungal spores and is safe when applied fresh.

Planting Asiatic Lilies

The planting depth of all bulbous crops, including lilies, is approximately two and a half bulb diameters. The larger the bulb, the deeper it is planted.

Before planting, holes of the appropriate depth are prepared. Yellow sand is poured at the bottom of the hole. This is done in order to separate the bulb from the soil and prevent its infection with phytopathogenic soil microorganisms through the bottom - the most vulnerable spot.

Only healthy and disinfected bulbs are planted in open ground.

Bulbs are disinfected before planting. To do this, you need to soak them in, Vitaros, or powder the onion. All bulbs with spots, signs of rot, are discarded. After planting, the soil is watered. Planting and care in the open field for the Asiatic lily is not at all difficult.

Necessary care

In the spring, when sprouts appear from the soil, they start fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. Top dressing is applied every two weeks: 20 g of mineral fertilizer per 1 m 2. You can alternate organic and mineral fertilizers. Top dressing is carried out before the start of staining of the buds.

After cutting the flowers, leave a stem with leaves of sufficient height to feed the bulb. At the end of summer, fertilizing is carried out with fertilizers that do not contain nitrogen (for example, Borofoska). They also carry out weeding, careful loosening.

In hot weather, you can water, preferably not cold water. At the same time, waterlogging of the soil should not be allowed.

Asiatic lily forcing

From Asiatic lily bulbs you can get flowers by the desired date. For example, by March 8, the New Year. To do this, in the fall, the bulb is planted in a container with prepared soil and brought in for the winter in a cold greenhouse or basement.

Containers with lily sprouts are placed in a cool room.

When stored in a greenhouse on top, the container with the bulbs is covered with a film and covered with a layer of dry sawdust 30-50 cm. Then you need to know how many days this or that variety will bloom (for example, 50 days).

50 days are counted from the desired flowering period and they take out a container with an onion, bring it into a warm room with a temperature of 20-22 degrees.

When a sprout appears, the container is transferred to a cool and bright place with a temperature of 12-15 degrees. The temperature is reduced in order to prevent the stem from stretching. It remains only to carry out watering and wait for flowering to come.

During New Year's forcing, supplementary lighting is used; when forcing by March 8, supplementary lighting may not be used.

Asiatic lily breeding

The vegetative propagation of the Asiatic lily is mainly used:

Dividing an overgrown nest of bulbs. The division of the bulbs is carried out every 3-4 years. The plant is dug up, carefully divided into individual bulbs. If this is not done, then after 4 years the flowers of the lily become smaller, the stems shorten. This indicates that the plant is not getting enough nutrition.
Stem bulbs, which are formed in the axils of the leaves on the trunk. They are collected and planted in the soil. Young plants bloom for 2-3 years.
Children forming at the base of the bulbs. Carefully separated from the stem at its base and seated.
Bulb scales. The bulb is divided into separate scales and the tips are immersed in the soil. With such reproduction, a small onion grows at the base of the scales, which is separated and planted in the soil. It is good to use mini greenhouses with high humidity and temperature. The plant blooms with such reproduction for 2-3 years.

Asiatic lilies are propagated by dividing the bulb, bulbous scales.

Seed propagation of the Asian lily is possible when the seed pods ripen, but it is not effective, since the varietal characteristics of the plant are not preserved, and a very long period passes before flowering. Seed propagation is carried out only in breeding for breeding new varieties.

Diseases and pests, fight take off

At present, such a lily pest as the squeaker beetle (lily beetle, bulbous ratchet) is very widespread. It eats leaves and buds, both the red beetle itself and its pink larva, covered with brown mucus. If measures are not taken to destroy it, the entire plant can be completely affected. To destroy this pest, we use any insecticide (,).

Also, lilies are harmed by a bear, the larva of the May beetle, the larva of the click beetle (wireworm). Fight them with the help of means suitable for the destruction of the bear. These pests eat the roots and the bulb, which can lead to its death.

In the middle lane, the lily is mainly affected by two types of diseases.

Botrytis or gray mold. Appears in cold and rainy weather as brown spots on leaves and buds. The spots then turn brown, the leaf and buds dry up.

With botrytis or gray mold, spots appear on the leaves of Asiatic lilies.

Sometimes a disease-damaged flower blooms, but brown spots are visible on the petals. This disease does not lead to the death of the bulb.

For prevention, a biological preparation is used that contains bacteria that inhibit the development of phytopathogenic soil microflora -. With a solution of this drug, the soil around the plants is shed once every two weeks. It is important that the drug is fresh, as bacteria lose their viability over time.

At the first signs of the disease, more effective copper-containing preparations are used (,).

Fusarium - rotting of the bottom of the bulb. During the growing season, this disease does not manifest itself, as the bottom of the bulb begins to rot. During the winter, diseased bulbs die. The use of copper-containing preparations also helps to avoid this disease. There are other diseases of lilies, but they are much less common.

You can learn more about the cultivation, care and reproduction of Asiatic lilies from this video.

Lily (lat. Lilium) - a perennial flowering plant, belongs to the class of monocotyledonous, lily-colored order, lily family, lily genus. These beautiful flowers have been known since ancient times. The image of a lily is found on frescoes, vases, coins of various ancient civilizations - Greece, Rome, Egypt, Persia. In many nations, this flower is considered a symbol of purity, innocence, purity. The name lily in translation from the ancient Celtic means "whiteness", and from the ancient Gaulish - "white-white".

Lily - description, structure, characteristics. What does a lily look like?

Lilies have a bulb, which is a shortened stem and consists of separate, adjacent to each other scales, which are modified leaves. During the growing season, nutrient reserves are deposited in them. Scales are different in size, shape, location. In summer, they grow, starting from the center of the bulb. The outer scales periodically die off. Depending on the species, they are the size of an oatmeal (in the oat lily (L. avenaceum)), and are up to 10 cm in diameter (in the Henry lily (L. Henryi)). Usually the number of scales is 8-40 pieces, but sometimes they can be 100-120 pieces, as, for example, in the bulb of the Kesselring lily (L. Kesselringianum). From each scale separated from the bulb, a new bulb can form.

The structure of a lily bulb is various types: concentric, stolon, pseudo-stolon, rhizome. Depending on the species, the bulbs have a different color: white (Asian lilies), purple (tubular lilies), yellow (Caucasian lilies).

From the base of the bottom of the bulb grow the main or subbulb roots, for the most part perennial. With their help, the plant stays in the ground and feeds. These species include pure white lily (L. candidum), tile lily (L. testaceum), etc.

Most lilies have stem or supra-bulb roots. They grow from a short underground part of the stem and serve to nourish and absorb moisture from the surface layer of the soil, and also help to keep the stem upright. Such roots die off in autumn along with the stem. This group of lilies is called stem-root. Its representatives are Lily regale (L. regale), Henry lily (L. Henryi), special lily (L. Speciosum), etc.

Taken from: www.botanicazales.com

The stem of the lily is smooth, sometimes pubescent, brownish or green. Its height can reach 2 - 2.5 m in Oriental lilies and their hybrids, and in some wild species only 15-20 cm.

The stem is covered with sessile leaves. Their placement and shape are different depending on the type of plant. Lily leaves can be whorled on the stem, i.e. several leaves depart from one node, as, for example, in a curly lily (L. martagon), and next, that is, one at a time, like in a drooping lily (L. cernuum). Often these two forms can be combined: at the bottom of the whorl, and towards the top, the leaves are arranged in a spiral. The leaves are linear or lanceolate with longitudinal venation. Their width ranges from 2 to 6 cm, and the length is from 2 to 20 cm. Usually, the leaves are larger in the lower part of the plant, and decrease towards the top. The color of lily leaves is varied: from light green to dark purple. Their surface may be glossy or pubescent. In many species of lilies, mini-bulbs are formed in the axils of the leaves, called bulbs, for example, in the lanceolate lily (L. lancifolium). Once on the ground, they germinate.

The main species characteristics of lilies are the shape, color and size of their flowers. The size of the flower is determined by the diameter and height. The smallest flowers in wild lilies - from 2 cm in diameter, the largest - in golden (L. auratum), beautiful (L. speciosum) lilies and their hybrids - up to 30 cm.

Lily flowers are collected at the top of the stem in inflorescences, numbering from 5 to 35 or more flowers. Occasionally there are 1-2 flowers. Inflorescence types can be as follows:

racemose,
paniculate,
umbrella,
corymbose.

Lily flower consists of 6 petals, 6 stamens with large elongated anthers and pistil. Flowers are shaped like:

tubular,
cup-shaped (or cup-shaped),
funnel-shaped
stellate (star-shaped),
chalmoid,
bell-shaped
flat.

In addition, as a result of crossing different types of lilies, many hybrids appeared, in which the flower shape is a mixture of classical forms, for example, star-shaped flat.

The color of the petals of a lily flower can be very diverse, and as a result of hybridization, the color palette has expanded even more. Lilies come in yellow, orange, red, pink, lilac, apricot, and in between. There are distinct specks on the petals, differing in number, color, size, shape and density of placement. Hybrids have been bred that do not have specks, for example, Connecticut Meid, elegant lily (Narjadnaja). Specks are varietal features of the genus, as are the color of anthers, pollen, stamen filaments, style of pistil and stigma.

Some types of lilies, such as longiflora and oriental, have a pleasant aroma, most trumpet lilies smell strongly, and many Asiatic lilies do not smell at all.

Where does the lily grow?

AT wild nature lilies grow in the Northern Hemisphere: in Europe, Asia, several species in North America and North Africa. They occupy a vast territory between 68° N. sh. and 11° N. sh. Particularly rich in lily species are Western China, Southeastern Tibet and Northern Burma.

Wild lilies are found in mountainous areas and foothills, in forests, in glades and edges, in wetlands or open grassy slopes. In the steppe zone, lilies rarely grow. Cultivated varieties of lilies, with proper care, can grow in gardens everywhere.

Varieties of lilies, photos and names

As a result of crossing different types of lilies, about 10 thousand hybrids of this plant arose. In 1962, American breeder Jan de Graaf proposed a classification based on their origin and common biological features. It was accepted as an international classification of lilies and is still used, subject to clarifications and additions. According to this classification, all lilies were divided into 10 sections. The first eight sections include varieties, and the ninth - types of lilies.

Section 1. Asian hybrids (Asiatic hybrids)

Section 2. Curly hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

Section 3. White hybrids (Candidum hybrids)

Section 4. American hybrids

Section 5. Longiflorum hybrids (Longiflorum hybrids)

Section 6. Trumpet and Aurelian hybrids

Section 7. Oriental hybrids

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids (hybrids between lilies 1, 5, 6 and 7 sections LA hybrids, OT hybrids, LO hybrids, OA hybrids)

Section 9. All wild species of lilies and their varieties.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections.

Section 1. Asian lily hybrids

It has approximately 5,000 varieties of lilies and is the most numerous of all sections. The height of Asian lilies is different - from 40 cm to 1.5 m. These flowers are unpretentious, frost-resistant, rarely get sick, resist pests well, they are easy to propagate. They have large flowers, 10-14 cm in diameter, the most diverse colors - from snow-white to almost black. They begin to bloom in late June, finish in early August. Asian hybrids were created by crossing East Asian species: Maksimovich lily, tiger lily (Lilium tigrinum), David lily (Lilium davidii), drooping lily (Lilium cernuum), dwarf lily (Lilium pumilum), Pennsylvania lily (Lilium pensylvanicum), single-color lily (Lilium concolor) and others, as well as interspecific hybrids: Lilium scottiae, Dutch (Lilium hollandicum) and spotted lily (Lilium maculatum). The plants included in this section, in turn, are divided into groups. There are three such groups. The composition of each of them is determined by the shape of the flower and its orientation:

1a - cup-shaped or cup-shaped flowers directed upwards,

1b - flowers are directed in different directions.

1c - turban-shaped flowers directed downwards (drooping).

Several Asian hybrids have double monochromatic flowers: Aphrodite (Aphrodite), Sphinx (Sphinx), Fata Morgana (Fata Morgana), Elodie (EIodie); and some - double flowers of two colors: Double Sensation (Double Sensation). Asian hybrids are odorless. The following are some Asian varieties of lilies.

Aaron(Aaron)

Asian lily with white double flowers. It reaches a height of 80 cm. It blooms in June - July.

Nove Cento (New cento)

Asian lily. Perianth bright yellow-green with a small amount dark red dots, the same shade of stigma and rich orange pollen. The diameter of the flower is 15.5 cm. The lily is not very tall: from 60 to 90 cm. It blooms all July.

Mapira (Mapira)

Asiatic lily. The flowers are burgundy-black, iridescent, with bright orange stamens. The diameter of the flower is up to 18 cm. The height of the lily is 130 cm. The flowering period of the Mapira lily is June-July.

Mystery Dream (Mystery dream)

Asian hybrid. Lily with terry light green petals. Dark dots in the center. Not very tall plants, up to 80 cm. They bloom in July-August.

Taken from: www.bakker.com

Double Sensation(Double sensation)

Asian hybrid dark red with a white center. Lily petals are terry. Plant height 60-70 cm. Blooms in mid-summer.

Taken from: www.citychickens.co.uk

Lion Heart(Leon Heart)

Asian lily of an unusual, catchy color. The petals are black with a purple sheen, and the tips and base of the petals are bright yellow with dark purple specks. Flowers 12-15 cm in diameter. It grows up to 60-80 cm. The flowering period of the lily is June - July.

Detroit(Detroit)

Asian lily. The flowers are bright red with a yellowish-orange center, the stamens are yellow-red with dark red anthers. The diameter of the flowers is 12-17 cm. The height of the lily is up to 90-120 cm. The flowering period is June-July.

Taken from: www.about-garden.com

Section 2. Curly lily hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

The section consists of about two hundred species of lilies. Plants reach a height of one and a half meters. They grow on different types soils, preferring shaded but not dark areas. Orchards are well suited for curly lily hybrids. It is better not to transplant these lilies, they do not like it. But they are frost-resistant and durable. Lilies of the second section have medium-sized flowers with a diameter of 5-8 cm, with buds looking down, the petals are twisted up. The perianth is covered with dark spots and has a variety of colors: yellow, pink, white, orange, dark red, brownish and light lavender. Peduncles are widely spaced. Curly hybrids are descended from curly lilies ( L. martagon), Hanson ( L. hansonii), copper-shaped ( L. medeoloides), two-row ( L. distichum), Tsingtaut ( L. tsingtauense). Martagon hybrids have a pleasant, delicate flavor. Here are some varieties of curly lily hybrids: Chameleon, Claude Shride, Guinea Gold, Manitoba Fox, Maroon King, Manitoba Morning, Arabian Night ( Arabian Night).

Claude Shride

Martagon is a lily hybrid with a height of 120 to 190 cm. The petals are curved, dark red with a purple tint, covered with yellow-orange spots closer to the middle. Flower diameter up to 10 cm. The plant is frost-resistant and unpretentious. The lily blooms in June.

Slate's Morning

Curly lily hybrid. The flowers are about 10 cm in diameter, the petals are yellowish in color closer to the middle and pink at the edges. The dots are brown, located in the middle of the flower. This lily grows from 90 to 150 cm in height. The flowering time of this variety is June-July.

Section 3. Snow-white hybrids of lilies

The name European hybrids is often used for this section, since they are descended from European species lilies, such as white lily (L. candidum), chalcedony (L. chalcedonicum) and other European species, except for curly lily. And this section received the name "snow-white hybrids" due to the fact that it includes plants whose flowers are painted in white or slightly yellowish hues. The perianth is tubular or broadly funnel-shaped. The flower reaches 10-12 cm in diameter and smells good. The stem is high: 120-180 cm. Snow-white hybrids of lilies are whimsical, they need attention and care, they are often affected by a fungus, they do not tolerate cold well, they need to be covered for the winter. These lilies love sunny areas. The best varieties of Candidum hybrids include the Apollo variety.

Apollo (Apollo)

Candidum lily hybrid. Blooms from June to July. The flowers are snow-white with small dark dots in the middle, fragrant, 10-12 cm in diameter. Plant height from 80 to 120 cm.

Madonna (madonna

Snow-white hybrid of lilies. Purely White flower 10-12 cm in diameter, tubular with recurved petals. Blooms in June - July. Has a delicate aroma.

Section 4. American Lily Hybrids

These are descendants of species growing in North America: leopard lilies ( L. pardalinum), Colombian lily ( L. columbianum), canadian lily ( L. canadence) and others (total 140 items). They reach a height of 2 m. Flowering time is July. Lily flowers are tubular or bell-shaped, with a diameter of 10-12 cm and a wide variety of colors. The flowers are often bicolored and covered with large specks. Most plants have a pleasant smell. At home, these hybrids are unpopular. They prefer slightly shaded places, but they do not like transplantation. American hybrids are whimsical: they need regular watering and winter shelter. Here are some varieties of American lily hybrids: Lake Tulare (Lake Tulare), Shaksan (Shuksan), Afterglow (Afterglow), Buttercup (Buttercup).

Lake Tular (Lake Tulare)

American lily hybrid. The petals are strongly bent, yellowish in the middle with dark red dots, pinkish at the edges. It grows up to 120 cm in height.

afterglow (Afterglow)

American hybrid. Lily flowers are drooping, turban-shaped, crimson-red, with large dark spots. Tall plant - up to 2 m.

Section 5. Long-flowered lily hybrids

Descended from the long-flowered lily ( L. longiflorum), Formosan ( L. formosanum), Philippine ( L. philippinense) and other tropical and subtropical lilies. Average Height of the whole plant - from 1 to 1.2 m, and the height of the flower - 15-20 cm. The flowers are bell-shaped. The buds are multidirectional, drooping. Petals are painted in shades of white. They have a delicate aroma. Longiflora lilies are more afraid of frost than any other species, since the "parent" species that grow in the subtropical zone of southern Japan are not accustomed to the cold. In colder latitudes than the subtropics, these plants are grown in greenhouses. The best varieties long-flowered hybrids: White Heaven, White Elegans, White Fox.

White Haven (White Heaven)

Long-flowered lily hybrid growing up to 90-110 cm in height. The flowers are 15 cm in diameter, white with a greenish center and slightly curled petals. Flowering time July - August.

White Fox (White Fox)

Long-flowered hybrid of white color with a slight yellowness. It reaches a height of 130 cm. The length of the flower tube is up to 16 cm, and the diameter is up to 12 cm.

Taken from the site: www.euflora.eu

Section 6. Tubular and Orleans hybrids of lilies

Orleans hybrids - the result of crossing Henry's lily ( L. Henryi) with the following types of lilies: royal lily ( L. regale), glorious ( L. gloriosum), Sargent ( L. sargentiae), sulfurous ( L. sulphureum), white-flowered ( L. leucanthum) and others. There are up to 1000 varieties in this group. The section is divided into 4 subsections, taking into account the shape of the flowers and their position on the stem.

a. Tubular (like a royal lily).

b. Cup-shaped (with wide open leaves).

in. Drooping (having a chalmoid shape).

d. Star-shaped (having a flat shape).

Flowers in tubular hybrids are large, from 12 to 18 cm in length, with a very strong aroma. The coloring is very different. Plants have a height of 120-190 cm. Viral and fungal diseases are not afraid of tubular hybrids. These are hardy, cold-resistant plants that love sunny areas. They need good drainage to grow successfully. Here are some varieties of tubular and Orleans hybrids: Pink Perfection, African Queen, Royal Gold, Golden Splendor, Lady Alice, Regale.

African Queen(African Queen)

A very fragrant variety of lilies, which belongs to tubular hybrids. It has a racemose inflorescence of 3-6 large flowers directed upwards, 15-16 cm in diameter. The flower is orange-apricot, brown strokes are located on the outer side of the petals. The height of these lilies reaches 120-140 cm. The flowering period of this variety of lilies is July-August.

Taken from the site: www.zahrada-cs.com

Pink Perfection (pink perfection)

A variety of lilies from Orleans hybrids. Flowers with a diameter of 11 cm and a length of 13 cm have lilac-pink petals, light green filaments, a brown style on top and bright orange anthers. They are collected in racemose inflorescences of 5-7 pieces. Plant height reaches 180 cm. Flowering period - August.

Section 7. Oriental lily hybrids

Were obtained from species growing in East Asia: beautiful lilies ( L. speciosum), golden ( L. auratum), Japanese ( L. japonicum), reddish ( L. rubellum), as well as their hybrids with Henry's lily ( L. Henryi). These include about 1300 varieties. These lilies are very whimsical and love warmth. They reach a height of 40 cm to 1.2 m. The flowers are huge (up to 30 cm in diameter) with corrugated petals, painted in white, red and pink tones. The varieties Miss Lucy and Double Star have double petals. Distinctive feature coloring - edging along the edge of the petals or a strip in the center. Lilies bloom from August to September. In this section, 4 subsections are also distinguished according to the shape of the flowers:

a. lilies with a tubular flower shape.

b. lilies with a cup-shaped flower.

in. Lilies with a flat flower shape.

d. Lilies with recurved petals.

The best varieties of oriental lily hybrids: Miss Burma (Miss Birma), Tarden Pati (Garden Party), Stargazer (Stargazer), Casa Blanca (Casa Blanca), Crystal Star (Crystal Star), Le Reve (Le Reve), Salmon Star (Salmon star).

Canberra(Canberra)

A variety of lilies, which belongs to the oriental hybrids. Blooms from August to September. Crimson flowers, dark spots on the petals, the middle is yellow. Plant height - up to 180 cm.

Stargazer

Oriental hybrid with upturned raspberry-pink flowers, 15-17 cm in diameter. Lily petals are wavy at the edges, almost completely covered with oblong, convex, dark red spots. Lilies bloom in August and have a strong aroma. Plant height - 80-150 cm.

Salmon Star

An oriental hybrid growing up to 2 m. The flowers are large, up to 20 cm in diameter or more. Flowering time - June-July. Pale salmon-colored petals are covered with bright orange specks, corrugated. These lilies exude a very strong fragrance.

Taken from: www.jparkers.co.uk

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids of lilies

This is a section that includes all interspecific hybrids of lilies that were not included in the previous sections. Their name consists of the first letters of the species of their "parents": LA, OT, LO, OA.

LA hybrids(longiflorum asiatic) - hybrids of Asiatic lilies (Asiatic) and lilies longiflorum (Longiflorum). Their number, which is about 200 varieties, continues to increase. Possess best qualities inherent in parents: endurance and varied colors (from Asian hybrids), the ability to develop rapidly (from long-flowered). Thanks to the latest LA hybrids have large flowers, as if made of wax. They bloom profusely throughout June and July, along with Asian species. Favorable places for growth are open or slightly shaded areas. LA hybrids are winter-hardy.

OT hybrids obtained by crossing oriental lilies (Oriental) and tubular lilies (Trumpet). They were first obtained in the 90s of the twentieth century. Large, directed to the sides or upwards, wide-cupped or funnel-shaped flowers form up to thirty inflorescences. Coloring can be multi-color or monophonic: yellow, orange, red or pink. Flowers appear in July - August and smell strongly. Plants are tall, with strong stems. For growth reaching 180 cm, and sometimes 2.5 meters, they are called "Lily-trees".

LO hybrids emerged not so long ago. By crossing long-flowered (Longiflorum) and oriental (Oriental) hybrids in various combinations, breeders obtained LO hybrids. Tall, up to 100 - 130 cm, plants tolerate sun and shade equally well. Delicate flowers, painted in yellow and combinations of white and pink, have a short tubular or funnel shape. The diameter of the flowers is 10-20 cm. The aroma of lilies is very pleasant.

OA hybrids- another completely new, promising group obtained from crossing oriental (Oriental) and Asian (Aziatic) hybrids. Directed mainly upwards, the flowers of these lilies are slightly smaller than those of oriental hybrids, but no less beautiful. The leaves of this group of lilies are wider than those of the orientals. Plants are unpretentious.

Pretty Woman (Prettywoman)

OT-hybrid of lilies up to 180 cm high. Blooms in July-August. The flower is very large, the color is cream, turning into pink towards the center.

triumphant(Triumphator)

LO hybrid. Lily 120-140 cm high with very large, up to 25 cm in diameter, flowers. The flower has wide white petals with a pink-crimson center, bright yellow-green nectaries, orange anthers and a yellowish-green stigma. Lily Triumfator blooms in July-August.

Anastasia(Anastasia)

OT-hybrid up to 150 cm high. Curved petals are painted pink, the edges and middle of the flower are white. Also, the flower has crimson veins and specks inside. Lily blooms in July.

shocking (Shocking)

OT hybrid of lilies. Petals bright yellow, inside red-brown strokes, with red dots, greenish-yellowish outside. The stigma is purple with a green top, the nectaries are yellow-green, the anthers are dark red-brown. The flowers are large up to 21 cm. The height of the plant is up to 130 cm. Lilies of this variety bloom in July - August.

Section 9. Species lilies

This includes about a hundred species of wild lilies, common in southern Europe, in eastern Asia, in the mountains of India, and several species of northern America. In 1949, the English scientist Comber classified species lilies based on the geography of their growth and biological characteristics. This classification was revised and supplemented by M.V. Baranova in 1988.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections

Lady Alice (Lady Alice) - a rare hybrid.

Turban-shaped flowers with strongly recurved apricot-orange petals, with white edges and light brown dots. The stamens are very long. Plant stem 120-150 cm, covered with dark brown-violet spots. Lily blooms in July-August.

Lily classification

Lily is a plant that has a large species composition. Growing in vast territories, these flowers differ from each other not only in the structure of bulbs, flowers, inflorescences and seeds, but also in the requirements for soil, humidity, and temperatures. There are several classifications of lilies, each of which subdivides them into a number of groups. At present, the classification of V.M. Baranova, adopted in 1988. According to this classification, the genus of lilies is divided into 11 sections, which include the following species:

Section 1Lilium

L. snow-white or white - L. candidum.

Section 2Eurolilium

L. Albanian - L.albanicum,

L. carniolskaya - L. carniolicum,

L. Kesselring - L. kesselringianum,

L. Ledebour - L. ledebouri,

L. monofraternal - L. monadelphum,

L. ciliated (pubescent) - L. ciliatum,

L. Iberian - L. pyrenaicum,

L. pompom - L. pomponicum,

L. Sovich or Shovitsa - L. szovitsianum,

L. Chalcedonian - L. chalcedonicum,

L. artvinskaya - L. artvinense,

L. pontic - L.ponticum,

L. Rhodope - L. rhodopaeum.

Section 3.martagon

L. Hanson - L. hansonii,

L. two-row - L. distichum,

L. curly or Saranka - L. martagon,

L. weak - L. debile,

L. honey-shaped - L. medeoloides,

L. qingdaoskaya (tsingtauskaya) - L. tsingtauense.

Section 4Pseudomartagon

L. proud or magnificent - L. superbum,

L. Canadian - L. canadence,

L. leopard - L. pardalinum,

L. Michigan - L. michiganense,

L. Gray - L. grayi,

L. Michaud - L. michauxii,

L. rainbow - L. iridollae,

L. Pitkin - L. pitkinense,

L. Vollmer - L. vollmeri,

L. Wiggins - L. wigginsii,

L. seaside - L. maritinum,

L. western - L. ociidentale,

L. Kelly - L. kelleyanum,

L. small - L. parvum,

L. Parry - L. parryi,

L. Humboldt - L. humboldtii,

L. eye - L. icellatum,

L. Bolander - L. bolanderi,

L. Colombian - L. columbianum,

L. Washington - L. washingtonianum,

L. blushing - L. rubescens,

L. Kellogg - L. kelloggii.

Section 5. Archelirion

L. Alexandra - L. alexandrae,

L. Henry - L.henryi,

L. golden - L. auratum,

L. reddish - L. rubellum,

L. beautiful - L. speciosum,

L. Japanese - L. japonicum,

L. Konishi - L. konishii,

L. Rosthorn - L. rosthornii,

L. noblest - L. nobilissimum.

Section 6Regalia

L. white-flowered - L. leucanthum,

L. sulfur yellow or countless - L. sulphureum = L. myriophylium, L. Brown - L. brownii,

L. Wallich - L. wallichianum,

L. longiflora - L. longiflorum,

L. nilgirskaya (neilpherskaya) - L. neilgherrense,

L. Sargent - L. sargentiae,

L. Philippine - L. philippinense,

L. Taiwanese - L. formosanum,

L. regal or royal - L. regale.

Section 7Sinomartagon

L. David - L. davidii,

L. dwarf - L. pumilum,

L. Lankong - L. lankongense,

L. drooping - L. cernuum,

L. pleasant - L. amabile,

L. papillary - L. papilliferum,

L. thali - L. taliense,

L. lanceolate or brindle - L. lancifolium = L. tigrinum,

L. Leuchtlin - L. leichtlinii,

L. false brindle or Maksimovich - L. pseudotigrinum,

L. Willmott - L. willmottiae,

L. Chinese - L. sinensis,

L. Duchartre - L. duchaertrey,

L. Ward - L. wardii, L. Nina - L. ninae,

L. Tien Shan - L. tianschanicum.

Section 8. Sinolirium

L. monochrome - L. concolor,

L. Bush - L.buschianum.

Section 9. Pseudolirium

L. Pennsylvania or Dahurian - L. pennsylvanicum = L. dauricum,

L. bulbous - L. bulbiferum,

L. orange - L. aurantiacum,

L. spotted - L. x maculatum,

L. Philadelphia - L. philadelphicum,

L. Catsby - L. catesbaei.

Section 10. Nepalensia

L. calloused - L. callosum,

L. Nepalese - L. nepalense,

L. primrose - L. primulinum,

L. Poilena - L. poilanei,

L. woody - L. arboricola,

L. multi-leaved - L. polyphyllum,

L. Farge - L. fargesii,

L. yellowish - L. xanthellum,

L. Stuart - L.stewartianum.

Section 11. Lophophora

L. lovely - L. amoenum,

L. Baker - L. bakerianum,

L. George - L. george,

L. Prince Henri - L.henrici,

L. combed - L. lophophorum,

L. McLean - L. macklinae,

L. undersized - L. nanum,

L. strange - L. paradoxum,

L. youthful - L. sempervivoideum,

L. Sheriff - L. sheriffiae,

L. Souley - L. souliei,

L. three-headed - L. triceps.

Types of lilies, photos and names

Below is a description of some types of lilies.

Lily white, she is white lily or lily pure white (lat. L ilium c andidum)

The plant reaches 100-150 cm in height. The bulb is round, up to 15 cm in diameter, consists of lanceolate scales of white or yellowish color. The stem of the lily is smooth, light green in color, sometimes with purple strokes. The leaves are smooth, light green, wider at the bottom than the top. The lower leaves are collected in a rosette, and are arranged alternately up the stem. Flowers broadly funnel-shaped, pure white. The pollen is light yellow. The fruit of a lily is a box. The white lily blooms from June to July.

The plant is native to the Mediterranean. White lilies grow in southern Europe, southwestern Asia, and also in Russia (everywhere to the taiga zone). The plant reproduces by scales and seeds. This flower has long been used in cosmetology and medicine.

Taken from the site: www.fernanda-flowers.com

Taken from: www.easytogrowbulbs.com

lily curly (lat. L ilium martagon )

It has several names: Saranka, Sardana, Sarana, Badun, Maslyanka, Royal Curls, Forest Lily, Turkish Lily. The plant reaches a height of 150 cm. The bulb is ovoid, up to 10 cm in diameter. It consists of narrow-lanceolate scales of golden yellow color. The stem is cylindrical, green with dark purple strokes, glabrous or pubescent. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, collected in whorls of 6-10 at the bottom, arranged alternately towards the top. Lily flowers are drooping, 3-4 cm in diameter, collected in racemose inflorescences. The perianth has a turban-like shape and a dull lilac-pink color with dark brown spots. The pollen is brown-red. Known varieties of curly lily with flowers from white to almost black.

This lily blooms in June. She is unpretentious, frost-resistant. Her homeland is Eurasia. Curly lily grows on plains, meadows, in mountains and foothills, in broad and small-leaved forests from Portugal in the west to the headwaters of the Lena River in the east, and from the mouth of the Yenisei in the north to Southern Mongolia in the south. The lily propagates by dividing bulb nests, bulbous scales. In culture, this lily is used as an ornamental plant. Both the main species and its subspecies are used in hybridization. Lily bulbs can be eaten as a condiment. The plant is a honey plant and is used in medicine and veterinary medicine.

Lily Henry (lat. L ilium h enryi)

It is named after the Irish botanist Augustine Henry, who first found it. Known since 1889. The height of the lily varies from 150 to 250 cm. The stem of the plant is cylindrical, curved, green, with dark purple strokes. The leaves are lanceolate, often sickle-curved, glabrous, dark green. Lily inflorescence paniculate, consists of 10-20 drooping flowers on long pedicels. The shape of the perianth is slightly turban-shaped, the color is light orange with dark relief spots, strokes, papillae and a bright green nectar-bearing furrow. A garden variety of Henry's lily is known with light lemon-yellow flowers. The pollen of the flower is dark brown.

Lilies bloom from August to September inclusive. The flowers of this plant are fragrant and hardy.

The Henry lily is native to Central China. It reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs - children. Used in hybridization.

lily regal (lat. L ilium r egale), she is lily royal, Tibetan lily, lily regale,chinese lily

One of the most widespread species in culture. Found by the English botanist Ernest Wilson in the Chinese province of Sichuan.

The plant reaches a height of 120-180 cm. The bulb of the plant is round, 10-15 cm in diameter, consists of large lanceolate scales of yellow or yellowish-brown tones, becoming dark purple in the light. The stem is ribbed, gray-green in color with dark purple strokes. The plant has supra-bulbous roots. Leaves linear, alternate. The inflorescences of the royal lily are racemose, containing up to 30 flowers. Flowers are tubular, up to 15 cm long and 10-15 cm in diameter. Lily petals are white, pinkish-brown on the outside, with glitter and yellowness in the throat. On the inside there is a green nectar-bearing furrow. The pollen of the flowers is bright yellow.

The royal lily blooms in mid-July. This is a very fragrant plant, resistant to various diseases. The disadvantage is the instability to late frosts. The royal lily reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs. Widely used in breeding and hybridization. A large group of tubular hybrids originated from the lily regale.

Lily dwarf (thin-leaved, undersized, low, narrow-leaved) (lat.Lilium pumilum , Lilium tenuifolium )

It has a height of 20-60 cm. The bulb is white, ovoid, up to 4 cm in diameter. Lanceolate scales fit snugly together, creating the appearance of one whole. Stem erect, glabrous or covered with stiff hairs. The color of the stem is green, rarely purple. In the middle, it is densely covered with alternate leaves, the top and bottom of the stem are bare. The flowers are bright red, turban-shaped, drooping, solitary or 2-8 pieces in loose racemose inflorescences.

The lily blooms in mid-July. Dwarf lilies grow in the Altai Mountains, Mongolia, China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan. The plant is found on open rocky slopes among grasses and low shrubs. In Russia, the thin-leaved lily is distributed from the Yenisei to the Sea of Japan. Winter-hardy. Propagated by seeds. Lily dwarf is widely used in breeding.

Lily tiger (lanceolate)(lat. L ilium lancifolium, previously - L ilium t igrinum)

A plant of medium height from 100 to 120 cm. The bulb is loose, ovoid, consisting of oval white scales. The stem is ribbed, pubescent, brown. The leaves are lanceolate, arranged in the next order. The bulbs are in the axils of the leaves. Lily flowers are chalmoid, drooping, 2-15 pieces per inflorescence. The pollen is brown. The color of the lily is orange-red with black spots, reminiscent of a predatory color.

Lily Bush (lily beautiful, pretty) (lat.Lilium buschianum , Lilium p ulchellum)

She is of East Asian origin. The tubers of this lily were sent from Russia to England, where the plant was described by the English botanist K. Lodigez in 1830 and was named the Bush lily. In Russia, in 1839, the description of the flower was made by the German botanist F.B. Fisher, who is in the service in Russia. for miniature size and beautiful flowers the lily was called Pulchellum - pretty.

Plant height is 30-60 cm. Small bulbs are egg-shaped. The stem is thin, smooth, green. The leaves are narrowly lanceolate, rarely arranged, in the next order. Lily flowers are star-shaped, broadly funnel-shaped, directed upwards, solitary, rarely collected in racemes of 2-5 flowers. The diameter of the flower reaches 6-8 cm. The color of the lily is reddish-orange, less often light red. Outside, the flower may be naked or pubescent.

Beautiful lilies are common in Eastern Siberia (Transbaikalia, Zee-Bureinsky district, Ussuri region). They grow in meadows, well-lit treeless slopes, in sparse thickets of shrubs, on the edges of small-leaved forests. Lilies bloom in June-July. The plant is used in hybridization and has also been widely used in medicine.

Daurian lily (Pennsylvania)(lat. L ilium pensylvanicum , L ilium dauricum )

Described in 1805. The Pennsylvania lily received its name by mistake, because this plant was unknown in North America. When the origin of this flower was found out, its nomenclature name was not changed. Now in the literature there are two names for this species - Pennsylvania lily and Daurian lily.

The height of the plant is 120 cm. The round bulb has a diameter of up to 8 cm and consists of white lanceolate scales. The stem is slightly ribbed or round, glabrous or tomentose. Lily leaves are alternate, dark green. Inflorescence corymbose, 2-10 flowers, occasionally single flowers. The shape of the perianth is goblet. Leaves with dark spots and papillae along the nectar gland. Dahurian lily flowers are distinguished by a variety of colors: yellow, orange, red, dark red.

The birthplace of this flower is vast expanses from the Yenisei in the west to the island of Hokkaido and Kamchatka in the east and from 64 ° N. latitude. to Mongolia, the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China in the south. There is a Daurian lily among the shrubs of the forest and forest-steppe zones, in damp floodplain meadows, forest glades and edges.

According to the combination of features, several forms of this lily are distinguished: tiger, ribbed, alpine, typical. According to the timing of flowering, 2 forms are distinguished. The first is an early flowering, undersized, heavily pubescent, has 1-2 dark red flowers with a large yellow spot at the base. The second is late-flowering, tall, with numerous, evenly colored red flowers. The Daurian lily reproduces by seeds, baby bulbs, scales, pieces of scales.

bush lily

In everyday life there is such a name as bush lilies. This is not a completely correct concept, since the bush assumes the presence of several trunks, and all lilies, regardless of species, have one trunk growing from one bulb. But in some species of lilies, daughter bulbs develop annually on the bottom of the bulb or on its underground roots, and a bulbous nest is obtained, as, for example, in the leopard lily ( L. pardalinum), the nest of which may consist of hundreds of onions. If the daughter bulbs are not separated and transplanted, then a whole bush will really grow around the mother bulb. Often spray lilies are called lilies that have not single flowers, but inflorescences. In this case, almost any type and variety of lily, including the above-described species, is suitable for this name.

Taken from: www.garden.ie

Pyramidal lilies, varieties and photos

Pyramidal is another incorrect name for lilies. In the world of flowers, there is a phenomenon of fasciation, the splicing of stems. The phenomenon got its name from the Latin word fascis, which means "bundle". Fasciation occurs both from unfavorable factors: injury to the bulbs, lack or excess of light, moisture, heat, and from “too favorable”: overfeeding with all sorts of stimulants, fertilizers. The result is the fusion of growth points at the time of inception and the merging of deformed shoots. Some varieties of lilies, such as Aphrodite, Elijah, Fleur, Red Hot, and especially Marlene, are prone to fasciation. But in any case, this does not always happen, and it is impossible to predict in advance whether the lily will be pyramidal or not.

Lily Marlene ( Lilium Marlene)

This is a hybrid of Asian lilies and lilies-longiflorums. It got its name in honor of the world movie star Marlene Dietrich.

This variety is called the pyramidal lily. Its inflorescences, which have grown as a result of fusion, can number up to a hundred buds. The diameter of the flowers is 15-20 cm. The color of the petals varies from light pink at the tips to white in the center, the inner petals are covered with small dark red spots. Plant height 90-100 cm. Lily Marlene leaves, growing in the next order, have an elongated and pointed shape. The phenomenon of fasciation, although inherent in the Marlene lily, does not happen with every plant.

Planting a lily and caring for it

Bright, catchy, spectacular lilies are the decoration of any garden. But in order for these flowers to annually delight gardeners with their beauty, attention and care are needed. The soil for planting lilies should be moist, loosened and cleared of weeds. The site must be selected taking into account what type or variety of lilies will be planted on it, since some varieties like shaded places, and some like sunny ones. In addition, you need to take into account which plants grew there before. Well, if it was legumes, some annual flowers, such as petunia, or vegetables - cucumbers or radishes, but after strawberries, onions and garlic, the earth should rest. It is not necessary to plant lilies close to trees, where the shade is very large and the soil is too dry. Plants, especially those with large flowers, need protection from the winds, so it's good when shrub plants grow around them - they will give shade and protect from the wind.

Different types and varieties of lilies love different types soils: acidic, alkaline, neutral, etc., for example, Asian hybrids prefer a slightly acidic environment, tubular hybrids slightly alkaline or neutral. With this in mind, various fertilizers, top dressings are introduced, drainage is arranged.

For lilies, moderate soil moisture is important: these plants do not like excess moisture and cannot stand stagnant water. Watering is usually carried out under the root, because the leaves do not respond well to water ingress. Watering lilies is important throughout the summer and part of the fall, because at the end of the summer season, the roots grow back and the accumulation of nutrients for the winter period.

If the lily is planted in well-fertilized chernozem, then top dressing is not needed, but if the soil lacks fertilizers, then before watering or along with it, preparations must be applied to improve the vital activity of the plant. For this, it is also necessary to protect the soil from overheating and evaporation of moisture by mulching with sawdust and grass.

Bulbs are planted mainly in autumn, but lilies can also be planted in spring. The optimal time for planting: in the fall - in September, in the spring - in May. Before planting, the lily bulbs should be soaked for 30 minutes in water or potassium permanganate, and then planted to a depth of 10-20 cm. For the winter, especially when early cold weather sets in, the plantings should be carefully insulated with a covering material.

Lilies begin to bloom fully and abundantly only in the second or third years. In the first year of planting, until normal flowering and growth is achieved, the buds are selectively or completely removed, and the plants that have not gained strength are tied to a support. At 4-5 years of growth, the lily must be divided and transplanted, as the development of the plant slows down and flowering weakens.

Diseases and pests of lilies

There are many diseases and pests that can not only spoil the appearance of lilies, but also completely destroy them.

Fungal infections

Plants can be affected by fungal infections such as gray mold (botrytis), fusarium, phytium, blue mold, penicillosis, rust. Promotes the spread of fungus high humidity and not proper care. Fungi infect all parts of the plant from the bulb to the petals. These diseases can be identified by their appearance: plaque appears on the bulbs, spots, strokes, and mucus appear on the stems, leaves and flowers. The bulbs are starting to rot. To combat fungal diseases, various medicinal solutions are used, fungicides are used to treat the affected bulbs, and the plant itself is sprayed. To avoid fungal diseases, you need to take preventive measures - proper care, avoidance of excess moisture.

Viruses

There are several viruses that lilies are susceptible to: these are the cucumber and tobacco mosaic virus, the tulip variegation virus, and rosette disease. These diseases are spread by insect pests, most commonly aphids, or they are transmitted through contaminated garden tools. signs viral diseases: yellowing and deformation of the stems and leaves of the lily, the appearance of age spots on the petals and leaves, the cessation of plant growth. To stop the spread of these diseases, it is necessary to cut off and destroy the affected areas, spray diseased plants with recommended preparations, and disinfect garden tools.

Pests

There are about 15 species of insects that different ways harm lilies, which leads to a slowdown in their growth and death, for example:

spider mites feed on plant sap,
lily fly damages buds,
medvedka, Khrushchev (larva of the May beetle), onion fly-hoverfly spoil the bulbs,

Since ancient times, lilies have been used in perfumery, cosmetology, and medicine.
In some countries, such as Japan, China, Korea, lily bulbs are eaten raw and cooked from them in soups, salads, and meat dishes.
As a symbol, lily flowers have decorated and continue to decorate the coats of arms of countries (France), cities (New Orleans, Detroit, Daugavpils), provinces (Canadian Quebec, Dutch Flevoland); ancient noble coats of arms in European countries; ancient coins, vases, frescoes; modern logotypes of various organizations, teams, movements.
The ancient Persian city of Susa got its name from the lilies that grew on the site of its foundation.
From the name of this flower comes woman's name, which has its own version in different languages: Lilia - in Russian, Lily - in French, English, Susanna, Shushanik - in Armenian, Asuzena - in Spanish, Yuri - in Japanese.
There are legends about lilies in Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, in the states of Medieval Europe.
The lily is also mentioned in the Bible. According to the biblical story of the Annunciation, famous artists painted many paintings. On them, the archangel Gabriel approaches the Virgin Mary with the news of the future birth of the Savior, holding a lily flower in his hands, as a symbol of purity and purity. There is an icon "Fadeless Color", where the Mother of God holds a lily.

Asian hybrids are not only the most unpretentious among all groups of lilies, but also the most diverse in color. Among them you can find lilies for any, even the most sophisticated taste. For easier orientation among the whole variety of Asian hybrids, they are divided into variety groups.

Description and agricultural technology of Asian hybrids

Soils: Asian hybrids, like their parents, do not grow well on calcareous soils, preferring neutral or slightly acidic and well fertilized.

Bloom: The bulk of varieties of Asian hybrids bloom in open ground on July 5-15. Early varieties bloom in the second half of June, and the latest - in the second half of July.

bulbs: Some varieties of this group have inherited from Tiger Lily (Lillium llium tigrinum) and Bulbous Lily (Lillium llium bulbiferum) the ability to form stem bulbs, with which such varieties easily propagate. This circumstance contributed to the wide distribution of Asian hybrids in the gardens of Russia.

seed propagation: Well propagated by seeds, but, despite the rapid germination, their germination is below 70%, so it is necessary to sow quite thickly.

Frost resistance: These hybrids are very hardy and unpretentious in culture.

Variety of varieties: Asian hybrids are lilies most adapted to the conditions of Central Russia. Varieties of this group have the greatest diversity in color, flower structure, height and timing of flowering. The modern assortment of this group is very extensive, but hundreds of new varieties appear every year.

Selection history

Asian hybrids became widespread in the 1950s, when the American Jan de Graaf bred the hybrid group "Mid Century" (translated as "Mid Century"). Initially, this group included lilies with flowers of orange or red tones. However, in 1950, Canadian S. Peterson managed to cross the lily of David (Wilmott) with the drooping lily (Lillium cernuum). This crossing is not inferior in importance to the appearance of the Orleans hybrids, as it made it possible to obtain a new color in the Asian hybrids.

Coloring substances (anthocyanins) of Lillium drooping (Lillium cernuum), which has turban-shaped lilac-pink flowers, when crossed with species containing flavonoids, created in offspring with split genes and forms with lilac, pink and white flowers. This is how the White Princess variety appeared. Subsequent crossings led to the emergence of a whole group of lilies with light colors and turban-shaped flowers.

The breeding trend in this group is to produce cultivars with bright single, double or triple flower colors. At present, Asian hybrids with turban-shaped flowers of various colors have also become fashionable, which are easy and simple to grow on almost any garden soils. Very beautiful varieties with double flowers have been bred, such as Aphrodite (pink), Sphinx (red), Fata Morgana (yellow).

Features of growing Asian hybrids

Asian hybrids can be grown in one place without transplanting for 3-4 years. For 4-5 years, the height of the peduncle and the number of buds are noticeably reduced, which means that the bulb is depleted and weakened, and this can lead to diseases and death of the plant. The formation of many short underdeveloped stems around the main stem indicates the close arrangement of the formed bulbs, which means that it is time to dig out the nest of bulbs, carefully divide and plant in a new place. And in this place you should not grow bulbous plants for two years.

Newly acquired bulbs should be planted in their permanent location as soon as possible. If this is not possible, then store them in a cool place at a temperature not below zero, wrapping them in moss, or in washed coarse sand, or in weathered peat. The lily bulb consists of fleshy scales without protective outer covering shells, it does not have a dormant period, therefore it does not tolerate overdrying. If you got a dried bulb, then you can restore its turgor by standing for several days before planting in wet sand or moss.

Before planting in a permanent place, damaged scales and old dried roots should be removed. Asian hybrids are planted in open ground in early - mid-September or in spring at the end of April - May. The depth of planting the bulb depends on its size, and on the mechanical composition of the soil and is equal to 15-20 cm from the bottom to the soil surface. Asian hybrids are planted in pre-prepared fertile soil with a pH of 6-6.5, consisting of loam, peat, leaf humus and well-decomposed compost, bone meal and ash.

It is permissible to apply a complete mineral fertilizer with trace elements. Sand is added under the bottom and around the bulb. Lilies, like all bulbous plants, do not tolerate the introduction of fresh organic matter and an abundance of nitrogen fertilizers. The soil is cultivated to a depth of 40 cm from the surface. Lilies do not tolerate stagnant moisture.

Asian hybrids are light-loving crops. It is not recommended to grow Asians in the shade, as under these conditions the stems of plants can bend at an angle of 45 ° C towards the light. A very important agricultural technique is mulching. The thickness of the mulch layer should be at least 5 cm. It can be pine bark, coniferous litter, straw, fallen tree leaves.

Top dressing is especially important during the formation of buds and at the stage of their coloring. At the time of flowering should not be fertilized, the abundance of food leads to a rapid completion of flowering. The last top dressing with a predominance of potash fertilizers is needed to restore the bulbs weakened by flowering and is carried out no later than August 15.

After flowering, wilted flowers should be removed along with the ovary, preventing the formation of seed pods. In September, when the leaves begin to turn yellow, the stem should be cut at ground level. Dry cut stems are not suitable for composting and should be burned.

Varieties of Asian hybrids

Recently, brushmark hybrids have become increasingly popular. A distinctive feature of brushmarks is the presence of a smear on each of the tepals. The shape of the stroke can be very diverse from pencil strokes to large strokes. It can be light brown, light yellow, cream, plum red and dark purple. The color intensity of the smear often depends on weather conditions.

In this group, the varieties Ilia (creamy, orange in the center, dark spot), Vanguard (golden-orange flowers with a clear currant-red spot), Rostani (light apricot with a dark spot), Zhuravinka (red with a dark spot) attract attention. ), Zorka Venus (light apricot, red stroke). One of the best representatives of this group is the variety - Delta. A thick yellow lily with brown strokes simply surprises with the duration of flowering.

The varieties of the two-color group are very effective, and it should be noted that this name is rather conditional, since there are usually more shades, the color can move from one tone to another. The varieties Asennyaya Farby (red with an orange center without speck), Sorbet (pink with a white center), Grand Cru (thick yellow with a bright red spot at the base of the petals) have proven themselves well.

And the lilies of the Tango group with a very dense speck in the center of the flower are simply masterpieces. A prominent representative of the Tango group is the Jazon variety - yellow with an incredible amount of brown specks!

Fans of miniature plants can find interesting varieties in the small pixie group. This group includes the smallest varieties, their height does not exceed 30-40 cm. The Butter Pixie variety (large lemon-yellow flowers with a golden base) showed itself very well.

Appear among the Asian hybrids and terry varieties. The Fata Morgana variety grows and blooms well.

Many varieties of Asian hybrids are so good that for many years they have been simply summer hits in Krasnoyarsk. The Bars variety leaves no one indifferent with huge white flowers with yellowness, a slightly greenish center and original specks. It looks especially advantageous against the background of the Blackbird - a very dark large variety with an unusual beet-burgundy color. Among the pink varieties, Azurra attracts attention - pale pink, slightly fading to silver with slightly wavy edges.

Gold Loud can be called one of the best yellow lilies. The inflorescence of this variety is truly unique - up to 22 flowers - replaces a whole bouquet! Of the red varieties, we can recommend Miss Alice, the color is extraordinary red, sparkling soft, petals with a very dense structure, unusually wide, and the height of the stem reaches 1.5 m. compositions.

Diseases and pests of Asian hybrids

In cold, wet weather, lilies are very easily affected by the fungal disease botrytis. First, reddish-brown spots appear on green leaves, then the lesions expand, capturing leaves and buds. The development of this disease is influenced by factors such as sudden changes in temperature and high humidity, so you need to choose a well-ventilated place for planting lilies.

In order to prevent botrytis, it is very useful to shed lilies when the stems reach 8–10 cm with the following composition:

in 5 liters hot water divorced 1 tbsp. a spoonful of copper sulphate,
1 tbsp is diluted in 5 liters of cold water. spoon of ammonia and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of soda ash. We mix the solutions, and the copper sulfate solution is poured (necessarily) into the ammonia solution. We spill from the watering can as a preventive measure.

If botrytis began to appear on the lilies, then you will have to spray the lilies with Bordeaux or Burgundy liquid (3 sprays per season). With a strong lesion with botrytis, we spray the lilies with foundationazole or phytosporin every 2 weeks. Botrytis does not affect the bulbs, so a healthy plant can grow from it next year.

Often among lilies there is such a disease as rot of the bottom of the bulb, fusarium. The reason for it is improper care of the plant, lack of drainage, use of fresh manure, long-term lack of watering. In this case, in order to save the plant, the bulbs are dug up, washed well and kept in a solution of foundationazole for half an hour, it should not be kept longer: the roots may begin to die.

Viral diseases of lilies are much more dangerous for them than fungal ones, since it is impossible to cure them. Moreover, lilies are susceptible to the same viruses that other flowers and garden plants suffer from. If among the lilies a specimen has appeared with an uncharacteristic for this variety flower size and color, curved stems, with strokes or spots on the petals, you need to get rid of this plant as soon as possible. Do not regret, this will save your collection.

Never plant lilies in areas where tulips and other bulbs have grown. Tulips are highly susceptible to the variegation virus. In lilies, this disease occurs most often in a latent form. And when the symptoms become noticeable in most plants, it will be very difficult to save the collection.

Insect pests are often carriers of viral diseases. Therefore, by periodically protecting your garden from them, you will save your plants from problems such as viruses. Well-groomed and strong plants are much less likely to be exposed to diseases and pests, they are able to independently resist many infections.

Asian hybrids are still the most unpretentious, they are grown almost everywhere, even in permafrost conditions in Alaska. In severe winters, all flower stalks are cut at ground level so that they do not rise above the snow cover.

Asiatic lily is valued for its variety of forms and unpretentiousness. In its homeland, the flower grows in a rather difficult climate, with frosty winters and hot summer months. Therefore, it is well adapted to the conditions of the central zone of the Russian Federation, the Urals, Siberia, Far East and regions with similar weather. The material contains recommendations for planting and caring for lilies, with photos and descriptions of varieties.

Lily is a perennial bulbous herb. The stem of the plant is simple, slightly branched, leafy. The average height is about 1 m. In the open ground, Asiatic lily blooms for 2 weeks in July-August. There is no aroma. The Asian species has more than 5 thousand varieties. Botanists divide them into groups.

Brushmark

They are distinguished by the presence of strokes on the tepals. The most popular subspecies:

Rostani - pale apricot petals with a dark stroke;
Zorka Venus - a bud of the same color, but the smear is red;

Vanguard - golden-orange color with a rich red speck;
Elijah - creamy orange buds with a dark stroke;
Zhuravinka - red petals with a dark trace;
Delta - rich yellow bud and brown spots. It is characterized by long flowering.

Bicolor

One lily collects several shades, smoothly turning into each other. Popular varieties:

Sorbet - pink and white;
Asennaya Farby - red-orange;
Grand Cru - yellow-red.

Grand Cru

Tango. In the middle of the bud - speck. Most often, amateurs grow the Jason variety. Its flower has a pleasant yellow color and brown blotches.

Advice. There is also a group of double lilies. The most popular is the light yellow variety Fata Morgana.

A tall flower will decorate any front garden, complement the flower bed composition. The lily is also grown for cutting. She looks beautiful in a vase. Moreover, unopened inflorescences will bloom in the cut state. It is only important to regularly clean the bouquet from wilted buds.

Breeding and planting technique

The nuances of growing Asiatic lilies:

The flower loves good lighting. In a shaded area, the stems of the lily bend towards the sun.
The plant needs a nutritious soil with a slightly acidic or neutral composition.
The place in the flower garden is chosen carefully. For 3-4 years, transplantation will be possible only in emergency situations. But after this period, the procedure is mandatory.
The Asiatic lily bulb does not have a dormant period and protective shells. It is desirable to plant it immediately after purchase. In extreme cases, the tuber is placed in coarse sand or moss and sent for storage in a dark place at a temperature of + 7 ... + 8ºС. The same technique is appropriate for dried lily seed.

Attention! Florists advise planting bulbs in the ground in the first weeks of September or at the turn of April and May.

Before starting work, prepare the bulb: clean it from old roots and damaged scales. Landing:

optimal soil composition: a mixture of peat, loam, leaf humus and rotted compost;
it is also useful to bring ashes and bone meal into the ground;

make a hole or trench;
lay some sand on the bottom;
stick the bulb, pour a layer of sand and soil, pour.

Advice. Immediately after planting, it is useful to fertilize the lilies with a complete mineral complex.

Culture propagation methods:

autumn division of the bulbous nest;
the use of scales as a full-fledged material;
rooting of root children;
transplantation of self-rooted stem bulbs.

As a result of all the techniques, a new plant will bloom in 2 seasons.

Care, fertilizer and top dressing, possible diseases and pests

Lily can not be fed with nitrogen mixtures and fresh organic matter. Fertilizers are applied during the formation of buds before they open. Until mid-August, at the end or after the flowering phase, help the crop recover with another top dressing. In all cases, potassium-containing mixtures are needed.

Water the flower sparingly. Lily does not like waterlogging and stagnant water at the roots. After watering, it is desirable to loosen the soil. Mulch with a layer of 5 cm or more to protect the plant from overheating.

Lily pruning occurs according to this scheme: as the inflorescences wither, cut them off and do not let the seed pods ripen. In September, with the yellowing of the leaves, cut the stems entirely under the root.

Attention! It is not necessary to cover the flower for the winter.

In the rainy periods of summer, lilies are affected by the ailment botrytis. Its symptoms are light brown spots on leaves and buds. The treatment is carried out by spraying Burgundy or Bordeaux mixture. Lily bulbs are affected by Fusarium. They are dug up, washed from rot and lowered for 30 minutes. into solution.

Light-loving and winter-hardy Asiatic lily is great for decorating the garden. The plant has nuances in the cultivation technique, but it behaves unpretentiously in the flower bed.

What kind of lily is your favorite?