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Technical operation of hotel enterprises. Harvesting materials, equipment, inventory. Room service

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
PROCEDURE FOR ACCEPTANCE OF HOTEL FACILITIES
HOTEL INSPECTION SYSTEM
REPAIR AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE HOTEL FACILITY
ORGANIZATION OF THE OPERATION OF THE HOTEL FACILITY
2. OPERATION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND PREMISES OF HOTELS
FOUNDATIONS AND BASEMENT WALLS
WALLS
FACADES
OVERLAYS
FLOORS
PARTITIONS
ROOFS
WINDOWS AND DOORS
STAIRS
FURNACES
SPECIAL MEASURES FOR THE TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE OF THE BUILDING
OPERATION OF RESIDENTIAL AND AUXILIARY PREMISES OF HOTELS
Stairwells
Attic space
Cellars and technical undergrounds
3. RULES OF OPERATION OF ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT OF HOTELS
CENTRAL HEATING
HOT WATER SUPPLY
VENTILATION
AIR CONDITIONING
WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE
INTERNAL DRAINAGES FROM ROOFS
GAS SUPPLY
WASTE DISPOSAL AND DUST REMOVAL
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
ELEVATORS AND LIFTS
RADIO AND TELEVISION
AUTOMATION TOOLS, ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT DISPATCHING, COMMUNICATIONS AND I&C
DISPATCHING SERVICE
MAIN WAYS TO SAVING HEAT AND ELECTRIC ENERGY
INVENTORY AND ITS CONTENT
4. RULES FOR OPERATION OF THE TERRITORY ADJACENT TO THE HOTEL AND CARRYING OUT SANITARY AND HYGIENIC MEASURES
TECHNICAL MAINTENANCE, CLEANING, SANITARY CLEANING, LANDSCAPING
SANITARY AND HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE HOTEL
5. REGULATIONS OF SAFETY, LABOR PROTECTION AND FIRE SAFETY DURING OPERATION OF HOTELS
SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS
FIRE RULES
APPENDIX 1 Acceptance certificate of the hotel or hotel industry when changing the director or chief engineer (engineer) of the hotel (hotel branch)
APPENDIX 2 Deadlines for troubleshooting when performing unscheduled current repair individual parts of hotel buildings and their equipment
APPENDIX 3 Ventilation and air conditioning systems in hotel rooms
APPENDIX 4 The lowest illumination of hotel premises
APPENDIX 5 Permissible levels sound and sound pressure and their corrections
APPENDIX 6 Recommendations for sealing window casings in hotel buildings
APPENDIX 7 Improving sustainability and data on water management in hotel water systems
APPENDIX 8 Operating modes of air curtains and air heating in hotels
APPENDIX 9 Recommendations for organizing a rater system for recording the condition of hotel equipment and structures
APPENDIX 10 Recommendations for decorative landscaping of hotels
APPENDIX 11 Forms of logs and checklist for registration of safety briefing
APPENDIX 12 List of professions of hotel workers associated with the performance of high-risk work, subject to annual training and testing of safety knowledge at enterprises (organizations) of the RSFSR MZHKH system
APPENDIX 13 Individual evacuation plan
APPENDIX 14 Norms of primary fire extinguishing means
APPENDIX 15 Requirements for the maintenance of fire-technical equipment and fire-fighting automation systems
APPENDIX 16 Depreciation rates for fixed assets of the national economy of the USSR
APPENDIX 17 Normative average service life of public buildings, their structural elements of decoration and engineering equipment

Modern hotels are equipped with sophisticated engineering and technical equipment, which provides a high level of amenities, maximum amenities and comfort. This equipment consists of the following groups: sanitary (water supply, sewerage, cold and hot water supply, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, centralized dust removal, garbage chute, linen chutes); power supply (lighting and power networks); elevator facilities (passenger, service and utility and freight elevators, escalators); low-voltage devices and automation (telephony, radio, fire and security alarms).

Air conditioning, heating and ventilation systems play an important role in the hotel industry. Ventilation systems provide the optimal mode and the most favorable air parameters. The heating system consists of a heat generator, heating devices and heat pipes. During the heating season, the heating system must operate uninterruptedly and provide normal temperature in all rooms.

Weak economy. For the operation of power plants, heating and lighting fixtures electricity is used. The power equipment of the hotel includes electric motors, cleaning machines, elevators, refrigerators, pumps, compressors, machine tools, etc. The use of equipment is characterized by operating time, power, total and specific electricity generation.

The water supply network provides the hotel building with water for drinking and household needs. Polluted water enters the sewerage system and is removed from the hotel. Along with providing hotels cold water hot and fire water supply systems operate. The quality and temperature of the water entering the hotel must meet the requirements of the standard. One resident can have up to 300 liters of water per day.

Heating systems. Various systems of water, steam or air heating are used for heating hotels. Heat consumption depends on the volume and configuration of the building, the amount of heat loss in the heated premises, the outdoor temperature, and the design features of the building. Total heat consumption includes consumption for heating, ventilation and hot water.

For hotels, a reliable means of notification of a fire is an automated system. fire alarm. A variety of fire detectors allow you to choose the most suitable physical principle for detecting fire for each hotel room: optical, ionization, thermal. The system is designed to detect a fire at early stage, ensure the localization of the source of ignition, quickly respond to the appearance of smoke.

The engineering and technical service is one of the many services of the hotel enterprise, which is headed by the chief engineer or director of hotel building operations. Depending on the size of the hotel and its category, the engineering and technical service may have several divisions. Most often you can find the administrative department, the engineering department, as well as various repair shops.

The administrative department is formed by the secretariat, the office, the departments of supply, warehousing, preventive inspections, planning and accounting, etc. The personnel of the administrative department is represented by engineers for safety, labor protection, electrical equipment, water and sewer networks, etc. This department also managers for supply, sales, control, etc. work.

The engineering department is responsible for maintaining complex systems in working condition and their repair. These systems are used by both hotel staff and guests themselves. At the same time, hotel management and staff have little or no control over how guests use the hotel's equipment. However, the engineering service is directly responsible for such equipment.

Maintenance functions engineering systems and communications in working order are: water heating; ventilation and air purification; operation of pumping and electrical systems; exploitation refrigeration systems and catering equipment; operation of computer systems; operation of the elevator industry; space heating. Below we give an example of the technical departments of the engineering service of one of the Russian hotels (Fig. 5.3.)

Technical divisions of the engineering service

Rice. 5.3. Technical divisions of the engineering service

The engineering service may also include a workshop for the repair of furniture, carpets, as well as a service that repairs rooms (painting, plumbing work). The chief engineer service also monitors the consumption of water, electricity, and gas. All work performed by this service is recorded in a special log.

An important task of the engineering service is to ensure fire safety. Fire is a fairly common occurrence in the hotel business. The main causes of a fire in a hotel are: smokers, faulty electrical and kitchen equipment, fireplaces, chemicals in a warehouse, trash fires. The fire safety system includes a fire alarm system in all areas of the hotel, fire extinguishing equipment (fire hoses, fire extinguishers, etc.), means of evacuation (fire escapes), as well as regular staff training events. All rooms must be provided with evacuation schemes in case of fire.

Due to the large volume of rules (Rules technical operation hotels and their equipment. Approved by order of the Ministry of Housing and Public Utilities of the RSFSR No. 420 dated August 4, 1981. They form the basis of GOST R - 50645-94. Tourist and excursion service. Classification of hotels.) a brief analysis of them is proposed, based on the main provisions for the technical operation of premises, building structures and engineering equipment of hotels, as well as instructions for the maintenance of the territory, safety, labor protection and fire safety during the operation of hotels. The rules for workers involved in the technical operation, maintenance and repair of hotels consist of five sections.

Section 1 (Basic Provisions). The task of the technical operation of the hotel fund is to ensure the good condition of the structures, parts of buildings and engineering equipment of hotels for their uninterrupted operation within the normative service life, the timely implementation of scheduled preventive repairs, ensuring the proper improvement and sanitary condition of the building and the area adjacent to it. The technical operation of the hotel fund includes maintenance and all types of repairs. It consists of subsections: general instructions, hotel management, the procedure for accepting the hotel industry (acceptance for operation of newly built hotel buildings, overhauled hotels, acceptance of the hotel industry during a change of management, hotel inspection system, repair and improvement), organization of the operation of the hotel fund (technical maintenance and current repair of hotels, organization of work of workers for current repairs, accounting for the implementation of the current repair plan, planning and organization of major repairs and raising the level of improvement of hotels).

Section 2 of the Rules is devoted to the operation of building structures and hotel premises. Subsections: foundations and walls of basements; walls; facades; balconies, peaks, loggias and a bay window; overlaps; floors; partitions; roofs; drainage devices; cleaning of roofs from snow and removal of icing of drainage devices of attic roofs; windows and doors; stairs; furnaces; special measures for the technical operation of the building; operation of residential and auxiliary premises of hotels; cellars and technical undergrounds.

Section 3 - rules for the operation of engineering equipment of hotels and consists of subsections: central heating; hot water supply; ventilation, air conditioning; plumbing and sewerage; internal drains from roofs; gas supply; garbage disposal and dust removal; electrical equipment; elevators and lifts; radio and television; means of automation, dispatching of engineering equipment, means of communication and instrumentation; dispatching communication; the main ways to save heat and electricity; inventory and content.

Section 4 - rules for the operation of the territory adjacent to the hotel, and the implementation of sanitary and hygienic measures. Consists of subsections: technical maintenance, cleaning, sanitary cleaning, landscaping; sanitary and hygienic requirements for the hotel.

Section 5 - safety regulations, labor protection and fire safety in the operation of hotels. Subsections: safety and labor protection rules; fire safety rules.

The whole range of works on the operation of the building premises and hotel equipment can be combined into 4 key groups: Maintenance of the hotel building and facilities; Sanitary maintenance of the hotel premises and the surrounding area; Security utilities; Repair of premises and reconstruction of buildings and structures of the hotel. Maintenance is a set of works and measures to maintain in good condition all elements of the building and facilities of the hotel, as well as ensuring compliance with the parameters of these...


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Lecture 2 Managing the operation of the building of the hotel complex.

Any hotel complex – it is not just a service business, it is, first of all property,which requires proper operation and management.

The whole complex of works for the operation of the building,hotel rooms and equipment can be combined into 4 key groups:

  1. Maintenance of the building and facilities of the hotel;
  2. Sanitary maintenance of the hotel premises and the surrounding area;
  3. Provision of public services;
  4. Repair of premises and reconstruction of buildings and structures of the hotel.

Maintenanceis a set of works and measures to maintain in good condition all elements of the building and facilities of the hotel,as well as ensuring that the parameters of these elements meet the requirements of performance standards.

The complex of measures for the maintenance of the hotel building may include the following works:

  • Periodic inspection of the structures and engineering equipment of the hotel facilities,as well as external communications;
  • Carrying out technical supervision and assessment of the technical condition of the structure and communications;
  • Adjustment technical systems and fixing minor damageensuring continuity of service for guests;
  • Works on preparation for seasonal operation- spring-summer, and autumn-winter;

Maintenance planning includes the following activities:

  • Clarification and updating of design documentation for buildings and communications,its study for the existing and expected technical and operational characteristics of building elements and equipment;
  • Determination of requirements and indicators for the level of quality,which should be achieved as a result of activities for technical operation;
  • Drawing up a list of maintenance and current repairs inside and outside the hotel;
  • Conducting an assessment of the frequency of work performance and the volume of their resource support,and matching needs and opportunities.

The procedure for organizing and conducting complex activities for the maintenance of the hotel building:

  1. Planning and analysis of measures for technical operation;
  2. Organization and holding Maintenance hotel buildings;
  3. Control and evaluation of the effectiveness of activities;

Sanitary content.Represents the cleaning of guest rooms and public areas.This function is one of the most important in the hotel operation system,as well as quite difficult in terms of implementation due to the large number of rooms requiring daily cleaning and the constant need to coordinate information about the status of guest rooms with the accommodation service

Provision of hotel services. Represents the resource planning process,providing normal functioning hotel,as well as checking the level of resource provision.

Cost planningcan be implemented:

  • Using aggregated indicators of resource expenditures,normalized per unit volume or area,according to the type of building and specifications ;
  • Calculation of costs or by the power of consumers of resources,available on site,or using calculation models and standards;

Renovation of premises and structures of the hotel.During the maintenance of a hotel building, not only its physical deterioration is assessed,but also its functional obsolescence.Depending on the condition of the premises and on the level of compliance of the parameters of its elements with the standards,accepted in the hotel industry,renovation and reconstruction works are planned.

The whole set of repair or reconstruction works can be grouped into two main blocks:

  • Scheduled preventive maintenance work those. works and activities for current and major repairs with a certain frequency in order to maintain the operational parameters of the hotel during the standard service life, taking into account physical wear and tear;
  • Repair work to improve the technical and economic characteristics of the hotel to prevent or eliminate obsolescence of the building in order to increase the efficiency of its use;

To the works of a planned preventive nature, to a greater extent include current repairs.

Current repair ensures the prevention of premature wear of structures,finishing and engineering equipment,as well as the elimination of minor damage and malfunctions.According to the types of work performed, current repairs are distinguished:

  • Current preventive maintenance
  • Current emergency repairs
  • emergency repair
  • Security and maintenance repair

To repair work to improve the technical and economic characteristics of the hotel, usually, attributing overhaul (clause) Major overhaul consists of replacing andrestoration of individual parts or entire structures,as well as engineering and technical equipment of the building in connection with the physical,obsolescence and destruction.

There are the following types of major repairs:

  • Complex overhaul
  • Selective overhaul

Technical documentation.

The technical documentation is the main basis for planning,organization and analysis of the effectiveness of the operation of the hotel building.The technical documentation of the hotel building includes technical documentation for long-term storage, they include:

  • site plan to scale 1:1000 - 1:2000 with residential buildings and structures,located on it;
  • design estimates andexecutive drawings for the hotel building;
  • hotel building acceptance certificates from construction organizations;
  • technical condition certificates hotel buildings for transfer to the owner;
  • water supply network diagrams, sewer, central heating, heat, gas, electricity supply, etc.;
  • boiler business passports, boiler books;
  • lift passports;
  • technical passports for each building, construction and land plot;
  • executive drawings of ground loops(for buildings, grounded) .

Technical documentation for long-term storage should be adjusted as the technical condition changes,revaluation of fixed assets,overhaul or reconstruction, etc.

Included in the documentationreplaced due to the expiration of its validity, includes:

  • estimates, descriptions of works for current and major repairs;
  • acts technical inspections ;
  • application logs;
  • electrical resistance measurement protocols;
  • ventilation measurement protocols.

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1. Basic provisions
General instructions
Hospitality Management
The procedure for accepting the hotel industry
Hotel Inspection System
Repair and improvement of the hotel fund
Organization of the operation of the hotel fund
2. Operation of building structures and hotel premises
Foundations and basement walls
Walls
facades
Overlappings
floors
Partitions
Roofs
Windows and doors
stairs
Furnaces
Special measures for the technical operation of the building
Protection wooden structures from destruction by smoke mushrooms and wood-destroying insects
Elimination of dampness in operated buildings
Eliminate noise in buildings
Preparing hotels for winter
Operation of residential and auxiliary premises of hotels
Residential and utility rooms
Stairwells
Attic space
Cellars and technical undergrounds
3. Rules for the operation of engineering equipment of hotels
Central heating
Hot water supply
Ventilation
Air conditioning
Water supply and sewerage
Internal drains from roofs
Gas supply
Garbage and dust removal
electrical equipment
Elevators and lifts
Radio and TV
Means of automation, dispatching and engineering equipment, communications and instrumentation
Dispatching service
The main ways to save heat and electricity
Inventory and its contents
4. Rules for the operation of the territory adjacent to the hotel, and the implementation of sanitary and hygienic measures
Technical maintenance, cleaning, sanitary cleaning, landscaping
Sanitary and hygienic requirements for the hotel
5. Rules for safety, labor protection and fire safety in the operation of hotels
Safety and labor protection regulations
Fire Safety Rules
Appendix 1. The act of acceptance and delivery of the hotel industry when changing the director or chief engineer (engineer) of the hotel (hotel branch)
Appendix 2. Terms of troubleshooting when performing unscheduled maintenance of certain parts of hotel buildings and their equipment
Appendix 3. Ventilation and air conditioning systems in hotel rooms
Appendix 4. The lowest illumination of hotel premises
Appendix 5. Permissible sound and sound pressure levels and their amendments
Appendix 6. Recommendations for sealing window casings in hotel buildings
Annex 7. Improving the sustainability of operation and data on the control of water consumption in the water supply systems of hotels
Annex 8. Operating modes of air-thermal curtains and air heating in hotels
Annex 9
Appendix 10. Recommendations for decorative landscaping of hotels
Appendix 11. Forms of logs and a checklist for registering safety briefings
Appendix 12
Annex 13. Individual evacuation plan
Annex 14. Norms of primary fire extinguishing equipment
Appendix 15
Appendix 16. Depreciation rates for fixed assets of the national economy of the USSR
Appendix 17. Normative average service life of public buildings, their structural elements of decoration and engineering equipment