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"pie" of a heat-insulated floor with a concrete coupler. What layers are underfloor heating made of? Floor cake with electric underfloor heating

Underfloor heating on the ground is a multilayer structure with pipes and concrete screed, the implementation of which requires high professional knowledge. If you are going to make a warm water floor cake, it is important to know the main steps, design features, effective materials.

Warm floors on the ground in a private house should be performed using the following materials and laying layers:

Underfloor heating cake, stages Floor material options purpose
Alignment and rough screed Sand The first layer provides evenness of the surface
Cement
gravel
screening
Grouting, insulation, waterproofing, thermal insulation, pipe installation Expanded clay The second layer serves as the basis for placing waterproofing structures and pipes with water
Mineral wool
Izolon
Damper tape "Termoizol"
Extruded polystyrene foam "Izocam", "Penoboard"
Reinforcing or plastic meshes
PE-RT pipes trademark"Li7"
GIACOMINI PE-X pipes
Finishing screed Self-levelling screeds for gypsum or cement coatings The third layer creates the base level directly for the flooring
Polyurethane floor layers
Cement-acrylic layers
Epoxy layers
Methimethacrylate Layers

Pay attention to the choice of pipes. Coordinate diameters and sizes with specialists. In a pie for a warm water floor on concrete for mounting the base, be sure to include the following structures and systems:

  • fixing systems for pipes;
  • heating structures;
  • systems for regulating heat supply to pipes;
  • collector block;
  • pumping systems.

Choose pipe installation, snake or snail, together with professionals.

A properly executed cake of a warm water floor on the ground effectively generates heat in the house. The heat flux in the room is approximately 150 W, with an average floor system temperature of 50 °C.

The device of a warm floor in a private house on the ground should be carried out with 2 screeds: rough and finish. A draft view must be carried out in 2 versions: with and without reinforcement. When choosing the installation, the thickness of the base, consider the proximity of water. To perform the first version of the work, use the ratio of materials:

  • sand -2;
  • cement grades M400-500 -1;
  • crushed stone -0.5;
  • water.

A finishing screed is the final stage in arranging a concrete floor heating pie.

How to make a floor heating cake on the ground: steps and materials

Before screeding, prepare the soil for mounting the structure. A warm floor on the ground, the cake of which consists of various layers, should be laid as follows:

Underfloor heating cake, layers Features of laying, stages of work Optimum Thickness Options
layer of sand Leveling the layer of sand 3-5 cm
Tamp the level several times
Align and check the level of the layer with a level
Crushed stone or expanded clay Carry out laying in a layer and compact 7-8 cm
Strengthen the concrete layer with a reinforced metal mesh, diameter 4-6 mm
At the same time, pipes for the heating system should be laid
Rough coupler Prepare a solution of sand and cement 8-10 cm
Carry out ground work
Draft waterproofing Installing the membrane 150-200 µm
Overlapping waterproofing film
Warming Styrofoam boards are treated with adhesive tape around the edges It is selected taking into account the climate and location of the premises. Base thickness varies from 5 to 10 cm
Apply evenly
Second waterproofing Apply a metallized film, at least 200 nm thick, or cover with a layer of roofing material 1-1.5cm
Spread a layer of film overlap
Finishing screed Pre-installation of the underfloor heating system 7-10 cm
Screeding and subsequent coating

The thickness of the cake under a warm water floor in a private house on the ground varies from 14 to 20 cm.

If you want to know everything about the underfloor heating on the ground as accurately as possible, leave a request on the website, order a specialist consultation.

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Quite often if we are talking about the underfloor heating system, you can hear the phrase pie warm water floor, however, many are wondering what it is. The answer is quite simple: a pie is a collection of layers from which it itself is formed. heating system. Like any part of such a design, a water-heated floor pie has a number of features that must be considered when installing such a system.

Advantages and disadvantages

When choosing such an underfloor heating system, it is recommended to take into account a number of advantages and disadvantages of its installation.

So, some of the biggest benefits include:

  • Good economic indicator

    High performance is achieved due to the rational distribution of the hot coolant, so the colder area heats up more, while the warmer areas simply maintain the required level of heating. Unlike convection systems, in which the sub-ceiling part of the room heats up the most, this system still wins. In addition, it does not allow large temperature differences to form between the hottest point of the room and the street, which causes large heat losses.    If the system is installed in an apartment building, the heat loss indicator is still less, however, it also takes place. Only in this case, the heat goes not only to the street, but also to neighboring apartments.
  • Free space.

    By placing the heating system under the floor surface, space is freed up against the walls, which are usually occupied by a radiator or battery. As floor covering usually a concrete screed is laid, however, linoleum or laminate can also be used.
As for the shortcomings, which are also available, the most significant can be called:
  • Difficulty of installation

    In this case, when installing such a system, you will have to carry out overhaul, since the water floor is laid under the screed layer, so you will have to completely shift the floor surface.
  • The complexity of maintenance and repair.

    In the event of a leak, in order to get to the pipe system, it will be necessary to remove the entire coating, as well as breaking the concrete screed. However, the use quality material for the manufacture of pipes can greatly reduce the risk of leaks.
  • Cost.

    Unlike a standard radiator heating system, a warm water floor pie will cost a much larger amount. This is due to a more complex installation system, for example, the cost of one meter of pipe varies within 50 rubles.

The process of installing a water floor heating pie

Before proceeding with the installation of the entire system, it is necessary to determine the materials that will be required to carry out this process.

So, a water heated floor can be made from:

  • cross-linked polyethylene, which combines qualities such as flexibility and high strength with an acceptable pricing policy;
  • metal-polymer pipes, which are not very flexible, however, are able to withstand greater pressure;
  • corrugated pipe, which is made of stainless steel. This material is often used in central heating, however, in such systems it is difficult to regulate temperature regime. That is why, when using a water-heated floor system, the cake must contain certain hydraulic arrows, and this affects the cost of the entire structure.

As for other materials, to install a warm floor water system, you will also need:

Pie under the wooden floor

In this case, the sequence of layers that fit between the lags is as follows:
  1. insulation layer. Since the load level in this case is minimal, it is quite possible to purchase a cheap alternative, such as glass wool.
  2. foil layer. Basic finish floor surface in this case, it will act as a good heat-insulating layer, which is carried out due to a thin reflection layer. See also: "What is the best thermal insulation for a warm water floor - an overview of heaters".
  3. Pipe system. The pipe is located between the lags, at the intersection it will be necessary to make cuts, the depth of which must correspond to the size of the pipe itself.
  4. Bearing cover. Most suitable material there will be plywood, since unlike grooved boards, it has a better level of heat conduction.
  5. decorative trim. In this case, both linoleum and laminate can be used. In this case, it is worth considering the low heat conductivity of this material, so the height of the substrate should be minimal.

Pie under a concrete screed

If the screed is made of concrete, the layers will be laid in a different sequence:
  1. waterproofing layer. When using narrow rolls, they must be superimposed on each other and secured with adhesive tape, otherwise leakage is quite possible. The waterproofing layer must also be installed along the perimeter of the walls to the height at which the coating itself will be located.
  2. Insulation. In this case, you can also use foam or extruded polystyrene foam. Such a layer is then covered with foil or foil-based thermal insulation, as this will save thermal energy.
  3. Damper tape. Its layer will compensate for the expansion of the screed, as a result of thermal changes.
  4. Pipe system. To level all kinds of leaks and breakdowns, it is recommended to use whole pieces of pipes, without joints.
  5. reinforcing mesh layer. Beacons are installed on it, which will serve as a guide when laying the screed.
  6. Screed layer. Concrete, the strength of which should be greater than M150, is aligned with previously installed beacons.
  7. Clean finish. Before applying the final layer, it is necessary to allow the concrete screed to harden and dry for 30 days

It should be noted that pressure testing of the warm water floor must be carried out even before the concrete layer is laid (more: ""). Standard indicators of the entire system, as a rule, are placed on the photo in the instructions. But the heating of the entire system should be carried out after the complete drying of all layers. Otherwise, raw concrete, although it will dry faster, will be covered with numerous cracks.

Pie under the ground

Many advise not to change the sequence of laying the layers and simply use the instructions for the concrete screed, you only need to lay the sand and gravel layer. However, if the soil is laid in this way, there is a risk of poor shrinkage at , which will lead to displacement of the insulation layer and cracking of the entire surface.
  • After the soil is tightly compacted, it is necessary to fill in 10 cm of gravel, of course, all layers are clearly leveled.
  • Then sand should be poured so that it exceeds the crushed stone layer by 5 cm, it is also compacted and watered.
  • Next, a layer of waterproofing is applied. Here everything coincides with the concrete screed.
  • The waterproofing layer must be reinforced with a mesh, and then pour a rough screed up to 10 cm in size (more details: "").
  • From above, we again lay the waterproofing layer, as well as thermal insulation from expanded polystyrene. In this case, the size of the layer depends on the conditions of the room itself, it can vary from 5 to 15 cm.

The next steps do not differ from the instructions for concrete floors.

Pie under a dry screed

Dry screed consists of bulk materials, on top of which a layer of drywall or plywood is laid.

The instruction in this case will be as follows:

  • A layer of damper tape is laid out around the perimeter of the entire room.
  • Sand or fine expanded clay is laid on the floor and leveled. Experts advise using expanded clay base, as it better warm insulates than sand.
  • Heat-distributing aluminum plates are laid out along the contours of the pipes. To move around the laid system, you can use plywood boards - footbridges.
  • On top we lay out a dry screed, namely: two drywall, while blocking the seams between the rows.
How to make a screed for a warm water floor, detailed video:

Installation of an electric floor heating pie

The installation process of this system is much easier than for a water floor, since it does not require additional draft layers.

As materials, it will be necessary to purchase a heating film and a thermostatic installation. You can purchase both a mechanical and an automatic thermostat, the control sensors are located under the heater.

To reduce heat loss, it is recommended to lay a layer of polyethylene foil, however, you should not lay too large a layer, as there is a risk of deformation of the entire system. To waterproof the electrical busbars, they must be covered with bituminous overlays, and an additional layer of polyethylene will also prevent overheating of the entire system.

As for the cake itself, for an electric underfloor heating, the layers should be as follows:
  1. Foamed polyethylene based on foil is laid on the draft surface, while the foil layer should be at the top.
  2. We cut recesses for the heat sensor in the substrate, and lay it down. The place can be absolutely anything.
  3. We lay out a layer of a film heater, it is fixed by using ordinary adhesive tape. The current-carrying paths of the heat heater must be located at the top to avoid the risk of a short circuit with the foil.
  4. Then comes a waterproofing layer of dense polyethylene, it can also be used as a laminate substrate.
  5. The final stage consists of laying the laminate itself and its baseboards.
When laying an electric underfloor heating, you should also avoid placing it under furniture and other interior items.

Many homeowners have experienced phased renovation or building a building from scratch, and their main task was to achieve warmth and comfort in residential premises. The article will discuss how to install a warm floor on the ground with your own hands.

The essence of the underfloor heating system on the ground

Owners of private houses are provided unique opportunity reduce your costs for creating the foundation of the building, while creating comfort and coziness in the premises by mounting a warm concrete floor on the ground yourself.

Concrete is a material that allows you to make a high-quality and durable foundation. It will not be difficult to lay a water heated floor on it. Directly underfloor heating on the ground foundation cake of the house and external walls does not affect, but is located on its own basis.

The laying work is divided into two stages:

  • pouring concrete foundation;
  • installation of a contour of water heating of floors.

It is important that this method of heating can be chosen as the main heating system, since it is no less efficient than traditional means, and also more aesthetic. To be more precise, the system is simply not visible in the photo and during visual inspection, unlike heating radiators and massive pipelines.

Tools and necessary materials

Naturally, it is necessary to carefully prepare for the work on creating such a floor by purchasing certain components and accessories.

This list includes:

  • coarse-grained river sand and gravel;
  • heat-insulating layer on aluminum foil;
  • pipes;
  • fasteners for pipes: a special bracket for mounting, arcs for changing the laying direction in the contour, a device for fixing, etc.;
  • polyethylene tape (damper);
  • mesh for reinforcing the screed or fiber made of polymeric substances, which improves the strength characteristics of the mixture for pouring;
  • a collector for a warm floor and a distribution cabinet for it;
  • components for cement-sand screed or self-leveling mixture.


The initial stage of work is divided into two main tasks:

  • it is necessary to clean the selected area of ​​soil from excess debris, weeds, etc.;
  • the level of the future foundation is set.

Base level measurement

It is very important to set the level of the future floor before starting work in order to understand exactly how the rough screed under the warm floor on the ground will look like in a proportional ratio of layers. The level is set in full accordance with the height of the coatings in neighboring rooms.

It is necessary to start measurements and calculations, starting from front door premises. The level of the finished floor is marked with stretched cords fixed on nails. Further, with the help of a measuring device, each stacked layer is measured.

The floors will have the following structure (from top to bottom):

  • lining;
  • coupler;
  • thermal insulation layer;
  • waterproofing layer;
  • bedding;
  • priming.

Preparatory stage for soil

So, the device of the subfloor on the ground begins directly with the processing of a piece of land. It is important to know the depth ground water to eliminate the risk of flooding the foundation. To do this, you can provide for the installation drainage system, which will perform the function of diverting water.


Once the groundwater problem has been resolved, the foundation process can begin. Coarse-grained river sand and gravel with a fraction diameter of about 3 centimeters is used for this. The depth of the layer of these materials should be about 30 centimeters. As soon as it falls asleep, tamping is carried out using a large amount of water. It is unacceptable to use black soil or peat instead of sand, as they are subject to leaching. In this way they often make underfloor heating in the garage, which has proven itself well.

If the soil under the house is not saturated with moisture and is dry, a litter layer is laid. Otherwise, it is replaced with a material such as geotextile to prevent groundwater from penetrating above this layer. A mound of gravel or gravel of a large fraction is made on top.

bedding layer

With a litter layer thickness of 4-5 centimeters, it can be considered a carrier. It is created by pouring a cement-sand screed over a layer of coarse gravel using concrete grades B7.5 or B10. This layer will act as a surface level regulator (details: "").

To prevent the mixture from spreading, the surface is limited with rails. It is necessary to wait for the screed to harden and harden, while regularly moistening it. A modern alternative to pouring mortar is the use of profiled membranes, the use of which reduces the time for laying the layer.

waterproofing layer

The traditional installation of underfloor heating on the ground implies the presence of a waterproofing layer at the lower level of the base. Overlapping thick polyethylene has the lowest cost and quality. It is more practical to use polyvinyl chloride and polymer-bitumen membranes, which include polyester.


When laying waterproofing, it is important to process the walls of the room, making a spade 15-20 centimeters high. It will be possible to eliminate protruding parts with a sharp cutting device upon completion of work.

Thermal insulation layer

You can get a base that is protected from freezing and heat loss by creating a high-quality heat-insulating layer. Yes, and the underfloor heating system will be additionally protected from external influences low temperatures. The functional essence that the design of a warm floor on the ground has is that the heat-insulating layer blocks the leakage of heat (about 20%) and directs it straight up into the heated room.

A high-quality thermal insulation layer has a number of features:

  • low thermal conductivity;
  • high strength;
  • preservation of the main characteristics with high humidity etc.

To date, you can choose many types of materials for laying thermal insulation. Particular attention should be paid to expanded polystyrene.


There are several options for using this material:

  • pure polystyrene foam needs to be coated with polyethylene on both sides;
  • expanded polystyrene coated with aluminum foil - the easiest way to fit and does not need additional fasteners;
  • extruded material does not need additional coating.

Creating a concrete base

Pouring a reinforced concrete base is essential to create a durable high-quality floor (details: ""). It is best to mark the surface for pouring by means of rails 5 cm wide and 2 meters long. It is worth adhering to a step between them of about 1 meter, which will allow you to fill the solution with stripes. Placed in the center of the room square meter reinforced mesh 3 cm thick. Along the perimeter of the room, the joint of the base with the walls is glued with a damper tape.


This is done in such a way that it protrudes a couple of centimeters above the level of the future concrete screed. It is best to use concrete mix grade M100. The fill starts from the far corner of the room opposite to where the entrance opening is located. The strips are poured sequentially, and after the mixture dries, the slats used for marking are removed and the seams are filled with mortar. The screed is covered with polyethylene and regularly moistened for better fixing and achieving maximum conditions.

As soon as the base dries, it is cleaned of dust, debris, various stains and priming is carried out. Next, the installation of a warm floor on concrete into our cake begins, if additional leveling of the base is not required.

Pipe selection

Before you make a warm floor, you need to choose materials. When considering the installation of a warm water floor on the ground in a pie, it is necessary to decide which pipes will be used for this.

In fact, the material for manufacturing can be anything:

  • metal-plastic;
  • polyethylene;
  • galvanization;
  • copper, etc.

The most popular are polymeric materials and metal-plastic. The quality of the pipes depends on the density of the material. It is also very important that the integrity of the pipes is maintained throughout the entire circuit. Such a heating system usually takes from 5 to 15 centimeters of floor thickness.


This indicator is influenced by various factors: the thickness of the insulation and screed, the power indicators of the equipment, etc. It is unacceptable for the system to have a significant bias. It is impossible to allow pipes to be laid on irregularities with an amplitude of more than 5 millimeters.

Mounting process

When the concrete floor has been introduced into the pie on the ground, the process of laying the heating circuit can begin.

There are a number of rules:

  • in order to prevent excessive heating of the coating, it is necessary to carry out a competent placement of pipes over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. A denser installation is carried out along the perimeter, and in the center the contour should be less frequent, and the indentation from the walls of the room should be at least 15 centimeters;
  • regardless of which laying scheme is chosen, it is necessary to observe the interval between adjacent pipes from 0.3 meters;
  • if the pipe is located at the junction of the slab and the ceiling, it should be separated with a special metal sleeve;
  • the length of the heating circuit should not be allowed to exceed 100 meters, since in such a system the main parameters of the coolant circulation will decrease (read: "").


Laying is done in two main ways:

  • bifilar - in a spiral. In this case, uniform heating of the pipes is characteristic due to the alternation of supply and return sections. A low-power pump is used to supply the liquid, and laying pipes is very simple due to the observance of an angle of 90 degrees between adjacent sections;
  • meander - zigzag. The coolant in such a system cools down during the passage along the contour, and the surface warms up unevenly. Pipes can turn along the course in absolutely the opposite direction, which affects the complexity of installation. This method is more suitable for rooms with a linear slope, since the coolant will circulate faster and will not have time to cool. A cabinet with equipment is installed at the top point of the circuit. Also, this method of laying allows you to heat the most spacious rooms.

Regardless of which laying method was chosen, all pipeline branches end in a distribution cabinet located close to the room. It is important to take care of the thermal insulation of pipes that pass through neighboring rooms.

Pressurization of the underfloor heating system

Before the screed is poured, which completes the floor pie on the ground with insulation and contains the heating circuit itself, it is necessary to pressure test the installed equipment and pipes.

This procedure is carried out as follows. The pipes connected to the collector must be filled, the air is forced out of them through the drain valves, and the air vents must be kept closed.


Metal-plastic pipes are tested using cold water, and polyethylene are checked by double increasing the pressure in the system. This action is repeated twice and it is checked what was the difference between the pressure for testing and the value after it was reduced. If this range is not very large, then everything is in order. Additionally, the entire circuit is checked for leaks.

A heat resistance test is also performed. The coolant temperature rises to +85 degrees Celsius for half an hour. Then the places where the pipes are joined and connected to other elements of the system are checked. If everything is in order, then you can start pouring the screed.

Pouring cement-sand screed

The screed mortar is prepared from cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 3. Also, for every kilogram of cement, 1 gram of polymer fiber can be added to increase the strength characteristics of the screed (more details: ""). The pouring process is not much different from creating the base for the entire pie of our floor. True, underfloor heating can be put into operation no earlier than in a month, since that is how much time is required for high-quality hardening of the screed.

After this period, you can also start the process of laying the finish coating. Given the high-quality floor heating, it is necessary to select and facing materials, which will not be inferior in presentability. After all, every owner probably wants to have in his house not only heat, but also beautiful interior, which is not ashamed to present in the photo or personally to guests.

Outcome

The process of creating a floor on the ground in a private house is described in detail in this article. All work can be done independently, but in case of difficulties, you can always turn to specialists. Builders will take responsibility for all stages of work - from purchase necessary materials, before laying the topcoat and checking the heating system, followed by after-sales service if necessary.

Once again about warm floor cake and how to prepare a foundation for it. I repeat something from the previous article, but this is not because of memory lapses, but because these things need to be paid attention to - definitely.

The composition of the "pie" of a warm floor with a concrete screed

Underfloor heating layers with a concrete screed were discussed in the last article, here I will list them again (from bottom to top):

  • insulation;
  • polyethylene film;
  • reinforcing mesh (it is possible without it, but it is more convenient to mount the pipe with it and the floor will be stronger);
  • underfloor heating pipes;
  • concrete screed.

Everything else that is above and below the listed, to the actual warm floor does not apply, but nevertheless it will also be mentioned here, because it plays a role.

What is the thickness of each layer in the underfloor heating "pie"?

"What is the thickness of each layer?" - the most pressing, most pressing issue in the design of warm water floors.

When designing a warm floor, you need to count down the thickness of the layers from the finished floor and then arrange a rough screed at this depth. Usually, the finishing floor is tied to the edge of the foundation (foundation basement), that is, we count from the top of the basement, but check in your particular case.

Since most underfloor heating is installed on the first floor, there is a ground base or concrete floor on the first floor. In the presence of a concrete floor, the issue of preparing the base can be said to be resolved, just sweep it thoroughly and scrape off the stuck pieces of mortar, if any ...

It is more difficult with a soil base, it must first be prepared for the installation of the warmest floor itself: level, tamp carefully so that the base is dense. Well, the word "ground" does not mean that it can be earth, some kind of black soil or clay. ASG is implied (sand-gravel mixture), screenings, crushed stone, gravel - well compacted. It is more correct to call this "ground" base "pillow".

So, a rough screed is poured over the "pillow". You will determine the thickness of this screed by reading the article to the end, and then taking a tape measure and measuring it in your house ...

On the rough screed we put thermal insulation made of extruded polystyrene foam 100-115 mm thick, but not less than 50 mm (which, by the way, is actually not enough, but sometimes there is nowhere to go, because they missed the height doorways; for the second floor and above 50 mm is enough):

The density of polystyrene for a warm floor is at least 30 ... 35 kg / m3, since the density of the insulation affects not only the strength of the floor, but also heat loss through the insulation.

Polyethylene is laid on top of the thermal insulation:


The film thickness is at least 150…200 µm.

Reinforcing mesh laid on top of polyethylene is better from a bar with a diameter of no thinner than 4 mm:


Pipe with a diameter of 16 mm, metal-plastic or cross-linked polyethylene:

We allocate another 20 mm to the pipe with the grid.

A screed is poured on top with a minimum thickness of 50 mm from the top of the pipe. You can do more - up to 10 cm. This screed is not only a base for a finished floor, but also a heat accumulator. Accordingly, the thicker, more massive it is, the more heat it can accumulate, which is relevant in case of force majeure situations in the form of a gas / electricity outage or other problems. However, it is better not to make a screed more than 80 mm.

You can’t save on concrete, because it is a load-bearing base that takes the load from furniture, people and everything else that is and will be in the room. Brand of concrete from M200 and above.

On the final coating, which will spread on the screed, we allocate another 20 mm if it is a tile, porcelain stoneware, etc., and up to 40 mm if it is parquet. In general, the thickness of a finished floor covering will depend on the flooring material, so it is advisable to know in advance.

Having added all the listed thicknesses, we determine at what depth to fill in the rough screed:

20 mm finished floor + 50 mm finished screed + 20 mm mesh pipe + 50 mm insulation = minimum 140 mm from the top of the plinth to the surface of the rough screed. Thus, the thickness of the rough screed will be equal to the remaining distance to the soil base (if this distance is very large, then add gravel, screenings, or whatever you have ...).

Again: the minimum thickness of the "pie" of the warm floor - 140 mm.

Important! If you are going to arrange a warm floor on top of the floor of the first floor, then this calculated size must be taken into account, because the floor will rise on it, which will entail reworking the doorways if they are not high enough.

The minimum thickness of the rough screed is 50 mm. According to building codes, it is desirable to reinforce the rough screed, since it will bear the weight of all the upper layers and furniture.

Under the rough screed, you can also lay a layer of polystyrene 50 mm thick. This is not necessary, but it will not be worse, but only better ... but not necessarily.

The optimal pipe pitch is 150 mm. But if there are large stained-glass windows, then we reduce the step along them to 100 mm. The distance from the walls to the first turn of the pipe is at least 100 mm. But this will still be discussed in the installation articles, but for now, that’s all about the underfloor heating cake with a concrete screed.

underfloor heating cake, underfloor heating screed

Almost any residential building can be equipped with a warm water floor. But the features of the buildings will affect the features of the device of this type of heating. The most important thing is to stick to technology, to have available complete list materials for installation, as well as choose the most best option system to be used to obtain the desired result.

System selection

Depending on the specific conditions, you should choose a warm floor. This will be affected by the beam ceiling, its condition and type, the requirements for the floor base, the load created during operation, and much more. There are basic systems that allow you to get a warm water floor in the room:

Particular attention should be paid to the concrete screed, as it finds more use in reality. If we take the quality of heating, then here, too, it has the best application and efficiency in work. It can even be said that a well-arranged fill can cool down for three days after the base has completely warmed up. Even if the electricity or the coolant supply is turned off. Heat will still be transmitted to a person for several days.

In those rooms that cannot afford to arrange a concrete screed, the other two are used, which have their own certain positive aspects and disadvantages when using.

Types of device with concrete screed

Preparatory stage

At the initial stages of work on the installation of a warm floor on concrete base a number of actions should be carried out that will be very important for the next steps. For a specific room, the entire system, the number of elements and components is calculated. Importance is given to . It should not work for wear according to the maximum parameters, but have a small margin. Only in this case, he will be able to serve for a long period.

A certain temperature must be maintained in the system, to which one should strive and create conditions when installing a warm water floor. Based on the parameters of the room, areas with the greatest heat loss will be determined. They can be arranged in a better way, put in new windows and doors, take other measures. But still, the outer walls in the room will lose more heat than all the others. In this case, the main thing is to choose the right pipeline, as well as correctly lay out the pipes with the set pitch.

The power of the warm floor increases slightly in the following cases:

In any case, it is better to immediately get rid of the floor covering that was previously in the room, and also, if possible, dismantle the old screed. The base under the warm floor should be leveled to the maximum. A height difference is allowed, but not more than 10 mm. If the errors are much larger, it is better to think about an additional device before carrying out all other work. Otherwise, you may encounter such defects of the warm floor as airing the entire system.

Pie devices

A damper tape is attached to the walls along the entire perimeter, designed to compensate for the thermal expansion of the future screed during the operation of the underfloor heating system. After laying the heat-insulating layer, a polyethylene film is laid, which serves as an additional waterproofing layer.

We must not forget about the layer. In addition to its main purpose, it can be used for fastening pipes if there are no special fasteners. Arranged expansion joints must be securely protected. Most often, in this case, use corrugated pipe. It is important not to forget that for large areas and in the joints between rooms, make expansion joints.

Particular attention should be paid to expansion joints at the joints of plates and floor cracks.

Selecting a piping scheme

Pipes can not be laid just like that on the surface before pouring the screed. Most often used, called "snail" or "snake". In addition, there is also a combination of these options to achieve maximum efficiency of heat transfer from the underfloor heating system.

It is important to calculate the amount that is needed to complete the installation. Approximately each square meter requires about 5 meters of pipe, if the laying step is 20 cm. Currently available a large number of computer programs that allow you to design any for the entire circuit. For a large room, it is best to provide several circuits so that the air heating from the floor is maximum and uniform over the entire area. In this case, the "snail" scheme is most often used. Here, opposite flows of the system (cold and hot) alternate with each other.

Tests

When everything is arranged before pouring, you should check the performance of the underfloor heating system, as well as the correct connection of all components to each other. These are the so-called hydraulic tests. The stage is very important for beginner builders when there is no proper work experience.

The pressure in the system starts up gradually. The tightness of the pipes must be excellent. If everything went well, the maximum pressure starts, which must also be maintained by the entire warm water floor system. If defects are found, they should be corrected at the same time. It may be necessary to completely replace individual sections of the pipeline until the next stage. You can’t be lazy, since all these errors will appear during the operation of the system, and you will have to dismantle the flooring and the screed area for repair.

Filling the screed

Most final stage devices of water heated floors with a screed - and its distribution over the entire surface. It is worth remembering the minimum thickness of such a screed, which should cover the level of the system pipeline by about 3-10 cm. If it is necessary to obtain the most even surface, beacons are installed over the area in the room after laying the pipes.
Subsequently, it remains only to distribute the solution using the rule.