How to make a homemade generator from an induction motor. Do-it-yourself generator: the best ideas and tips on how to make a modern do-it-yourself generator (instruction with photos and drawings) Do-it-yourself generator 220 from improvised means

If the rotor of an asynchronous machine connected to the network with voltage U1 is rotated by means of the primary motor in the direction of the rotating stator field, but at a speed n2>

Why We Use Asynchronous Power Generator

An asynchronous generator is an asynchronous electric machine (el.dvigatel) operating in the generator mode. With the help of a drive motor (in our case, a wind turbine), the rotor of an asynchronous electric generator rotates in the same direction as the magnetic field. In this case, the slip of the rotor becomes negative, a braking torque appears on the shaft of the asynchronous machine, and the generator transfers energy to the network.

To excite the electromotive force in its output circuit, the residual magnetization of the rotor is used. For this, capacitors are used.

Asynchronous generators are not susceptible to short circuits.

An asynchronous generator is simpler than a synchronous one (for example, a car generator): if the latter has inductors placed on the rotor, then the rotor of the asynchronous generator looks like a conventional flywheel. Such a generator is better protected from dirt and moisture, more resistant to short circuits and overloads, and the output voltage of an asynchronous generator has a lower degree of non-linear distortion. This allows you to use asynchronous generators not only to power industrial devices that are not critical to the shape of the input voltage, but also to connect electronic equipment.

It is an asynchronous electric generator that is an ideal current source for devices with an active (ohmic) load: electric heaters, welding converters, incandescent lamps, electronic devices, computer and radio equipment.

Benefits of an asynchronous generator

These advantages include a low clear factor (harmonic coefficient), which characterizes the quantitative presence of higher harmonics in the output voltage of the generator. Higher harmonics cause uneven rotation and useless heating of electric motors. Synchronous generators can have a clear factor of up to 15%, and the clear factor of an asynchronous generator does not exceed 2%. Thus, an asynchronous electric generator produces practically only useful energy.

Another advantage of an asynchronous generator is that it completely lacks rotating windings and electronic parts that are sensitive to external influences and are quite often prone to damage. Therefore, the asynchronous generator is not subject to wear and tear and can serve for a very long time.

At the output of our generators, there is immediately 220/380V AC, which can be used directly to household appliances (for example, heaters), to charge batteries, to connect to a sawmill, and also for parallel operation with a traditional network. In this case, you will pay for the difference consumed from the network and generated by the windmill. Because Since the voltage goes immediately to industrial parameters, then you will not need various converters (inverters) when the wind generator is directly connected to your load. For example, you can directly connect to a sawmill and, in the presence of wind, work as if you simply connected to a 380V network.

If the rotor of an asynchronous machine connected to the network with voltage U1 is rotated by means of the primary motor in the direction of the rotating stator field, but at a speed n2>n1, then the movement of the rotor relative to the stator field will change (compared to the motor mode of this machine), since the rotor will overtake the stator field.

In this case, the slip will become negative, and the direction of the emf. E1 induced in the stator winding, and consequently, the direction of the current I1 will change to the opposite. As a result, the electromagnetic moment on the rotor will also change direction and turn from rotating (in the motor mode) into counteracting (in relation to the torque of the primary engine). Under these conditions, the asynchronous machine will switch from a motor to a generator mode, converting the mechanical energy of the prime mover into electrical energy. In the generator mode of an asynchronous machine, the slip can vary in the range

in this case, the emf frequency asynchronous generator remains unchanged, since it is determined by the rotation speed of the stator field, i.e. remains the same as the frequency of the current in the network, which is connected to the asynchronous generator.

Due to the fact that in the generator mode of the asynchronous machine, the conditions for creating a rotating stator field are the same as in the motor mode (in both modes, the stator winding is connected to the network with voltage U1), and consumes the magnetizing current I0 from the network, then the asynchronous a machine in generator mode has special properties: it consumes reactive energy from the network, which is necessary to create a rotating stator field, but gives active energy to the network, obtained as a result of converting the mechanical energy of the prime mover.

Unlike synchronous, asynchronous generators are not subject to the dangers of falling out of synchronism. However, asynchronous generators are not widely used, which is explained by a number of their disadvantages compared to synchronous generators.

An asynchronous generator can also operate in autonomous conditions, i.e. without being connected to the public network. But in this case, to obtain the reactive power necessary to magnetize the generator, a bank of capacitors is used, connected in parallel with the load on the generator outputs.

An indispensable condition for such operation of asynchronous generators is the presence of residual magnetization of the rotor steel, which is necessary for the process of self-excitation of the generator. Small emf Eres induced in the stator winding creates a small reactive current in the capacitor circuit and, consequently, in the stator winding, which enhances the residual flux Fost. In the future, the process of self-excitation develops, as in the generator direct current parallel excitation. By changing the capacitance of the capacitors, it is possible to change the magnitude of the magnetizing current, and, consequently, the magnitude of the voltage of the generators. Due to the excessive bulkiness and high cost of capacitor banks, asynchronous generators with self-excitation have not gained distribution. Asynchronous generators are used only at auxiliary power plants low power e.g. in wind turbines.

DIY generator

In my power plant, the current source is an asynchronous generator driven by a gasoline two-cylinder air-cooled engine UD-25 (8 hp, 3000 rpm). As an asynchronous generator, without any alterations, you can use a conventional asynchronous electric motor with a speed of 750-1500 rpm and a power of up to 15 kW.

The frequency of rotation of the asynchronous generator in normal mode must exceed the nominal (synchronous) value of the number of revolutions of the used electric motor by 10%. This can be done in the following way. The electric motor is connected to the network and the idle speed is measured by a tachometer. The belt drive from the engine to the generator is calculated in such a way as to provide a slightly increased generator speed. For example, an electric motor with a rated speed of 900 rpm idles at 1230 rpm. In this case, the belt drive is calculated to provide a generator speed of 1353 rpm.

The windings of the asynchronous generator in my installation are connected by a “star” and produce a three-phase voltage of 380 V. To maintain the nominal voltage of the asynchronous generator, it is necessary to correctly select the capacitance of the capacitors between each phase (all three capacitances are the same). For selection required capacity I used the following table. Before acquiring the necessary skill in operation, you can check the heating of the generator by touch in order to avoid overheating. Heating indicates that too much capacitance is connected.

Capacitors are suitable type KBG-MN or others with an operating voltage of at least 400 V. When the generator is turned off, an electric charge remains on the capacitors, therefore, precautions must be taken against electric shock. Capacitors should be securely enclosed.

When working with a 220 V handheld power tool, I use a TSZI step-down transformer from 380 V to 220 V. When a three-phase engine is connected to a power plant, it may happen that the generator does not “master” it from the first start. Then you should give a series of short-term engine starts until it picks up speed, or spin it manually.

Stationary asynchronous generators of this kind, used for electrical heating of a residential building, can be driven by a wind turbine or a turbine installed on a small river or stream, if there are any near the house. At one time in Chuvashia, the Energozapchast plant produced a generator (micro hydroelectric power station) with a capacity of 1.5 kW based on an asynchronous electric motor. V.P. Beltyukov from Nolinsk made a wind turbine and also used an asynchronous motor as a generator. Such a generator can be set in motion using a walk-behind tractor, a minitractor, a scooter engine, a car, etc.

I installed my power plant on a small, light, single-axle trailer - a frame. For work outside the economy, I load the necessary power tools into the machine and attach my installation to it. With a rotary mower I mow hay, with an electric tractor I plow the land, harrow, plant, and spud. For such work, complete with the station, I drive a coil with a four-wire cable KRPT. When winding the cable, one thing should be taken into account. If wound in the usual way, then a solenoid is formed, in which there will be additional losses. To avoid them, the cable must be folded in half and wound on a coil, starting from the bend.

In late autumn, firewood has to be harvested from deadwood for the winter. I also use power tools. At the summer cottage, with the help of a circular saw and a planer, I process material for carpentry.

As a result of a long test of the operation of our Sailing wind generator with a traditional excitation circuit of an asynchronous motor (IM), based on the use of a magnetic starter as a switch, a number of shortcomings were revealed, which led to the creation of the Control Cabinet. Which has become a universal device for turning any Asynchronous Motor into a Generator! Now it is enough to connect the wires from the IM of the engine to our control device and the generator is ready.

How to Turn Any Induction Motor into a Generator - A House Without a Foundation

How to Turn Any Induction Motor Into a Generator - A House Without a Foundation Why We Use an Induction Power Generator An induction generator is a generator

For the needs of building a private residential building or a summer house, a home master may need an autonomous source of electrical energy, which can be bought in a store or assembled with your own hands from available parts.

Homemade generator is able to run on the energy of gasoline, gas or diesel fuel. To do this, it must be connected to the engine through a shock-absorbing clutch that ensures smooth rotation of the rotor.

If the locals allow natural conditions, for example, frequent winds blow or a source is close running water, you can create a wind or hydraulic turbine and connect it to an asynchronous three-phase motor to generate electricity.

Due to such a device, you will have a constantly working alternative source of electricity. It will reduce energy consumption from public networks and allow savings on its payment.

In some cases, it is permissible to use a single-phase voltage to rotate an electric motor and transmit torque to a home-made generator to create its own three-phase symmetrical network.

How to choose an asynchronous motor for a generator by design and characteristics

Technological features

The basis of a homemade generator is a three-phase asynchronous electric motor with:

Stator device

The magnetic circuits of the stator and rotor are made of insulated plates of electrical steel, in which grooves are created to accommodate the winding wires.

The three individual stator windings can be wired in the factory as follows:

Their conclusions are connected inside the terminal box and connected by jumpers. The power cable is also installed here.

In some cases, wires and cables can be connected in other ways.

Symmetrical voltages are supplied to each phase of the induction motor, shifted in angle by a third of the circle. They form currents in the windings.

These quantities are conveniently expressed in vector form.

Design features of the rotors

Wound rotor motors

They are provided with a winding modeled on the stator, and the leads from each are connected to slip rings, which provide electrical contact with a circuit for starting and adjusting through pressure brushes.

This design is quite difficult to manufacture, expensive in cost. It requires periodic monitoring of work and qualified maintenance. For these reasons, it makes no sense to use it in this design for a home-made generator.

However, if there is a similar motor and it has no other application, then the conclusions of each winding (those ends that are connected to the rings) can be shorted to each other. In this way, the phase rotor will turn into a short-circuited one. It can be connected according to any scheme considered below.

Squirrel cage motors

Aluminum is poured inside the grooves of the rotor magnetic circuit. The winding is made in the form of a rotating squirrel cage (for which it received such an additional name) with jumper rings short-circuited at the ends.

This is the most simple circuit motor, which is devoid of moving contacts. Due to this, it works for a long time without the intervention of electricians, it is characterized by increased reliability. It is recommended to use it to create a homemade generator.

Designations on the motor housing

In order for a homemade generator to work reliably, you need to pay attention to:

• IP class, which characterizes the quality of protection of the housing from environmental influences;
• power consumption;
• speed;
• winding connection diagram;
• permissible load currents;
• Efficiency and cosine φ.

The winding connection diagram, especially for old engines that were in operation, should be called, checked electrical methods. This technology is described in detail in the article on connecting a three-phase motor to a single-phase network.

The principle of operation of an induction motor as a generator

Its implementation is based on the method of electric machine reversibility. If the motor is disconnected from the mains voltage, the rotor is forced to rotate at the calculated speed, then EMF will be induced in the stator winding due to the presence of residual energy of the magnetic field.

It remains only to connect a capacitor bank of the appropriate rating to the windings and a capacitive leading current will flow through them, which has the character of a magnetizing one.

In order for the generator to self-excite, and a symmetrical system of three-phase voltages to form on the windings, it is necessary to select the capacitance of the capacitors, which is greater than a certain, critical value. In addition to its value, the design of the engine naturally affects the output power.

For the normal generation of three-phase energy with a frequency of 50 Hz, it is necessary to maintain the rotor speed exceeding the asynchronous component by the amount of slip S, which lies within S=2÷10%. It needs to be kept at the synchronous frequency level.

The deviation of the sinusoid from the standard frequency value will adversely affect the operation of equipment with electric motors: saws, planers, various machine tools and transformers. This has practically no effect on resistive loads with heating elements and incandescent lamps.

Wiring diagrams

In practice, all common methods of connecting the stator windings of an induction motor are used. Choosing one of them creates various conditions for the operation of the equipment and generate a voltage of certain values.

Star schemes

A popular option for connecting capacitors

The connection diagram of an asynchronous motor with star-connected windings for operation as a three-phase network generator has a standard form.

Scheme of an asynchronous generator with connection of capacitors to two windings

This option is quite popular. It allows you to power three groups of consumers from two windings:

The working and starting capacitors are connected to the circuit by separate switches.

Based on the same circuit, you can create a home-made generator with capacitors connected to one winding of an induction motor.

triangle diagram

When assembling the stator windings according to the star circuit, the generator will produce a three-phase voltage of 380 volts. If you switch them to a triangle, then - 220.

The three schemes shown above in the pictures are basic, but not the only ones. Based on them, other connection methods can be created.

How to calculate the characteristics of the generator by engine power and capacitor capacitance

To create normal operating conditions for an electric machine, it is necessary to observe the equality of its rated voltage and power in the generator and electric motor modes.

For this purpose, the capacitance of the capacitors is selected taking into account the reactive power Q generated by them at various loads. Its value is calculated by the expression:

From this formula, knowing the power of the engine, to ensure full load, you can calculate the capacity of the capacitor bank:

However, the mode of operation of the generator should be taken into account. At idle, the capacitors will unnecessarily load the windings and heat them up. This leads to large energy losses, overheating of the structure.

To eliminate this phenomenon, capacitors are connected in steps, determining their number depending on the applied load. To simplify the selection of capacitors for starting an asynchronous motor in generator mode, a special table has been created.

Starting capacitors of the K78-17 series and the like with an operating voltage of 400 volts or more are well suited for use as part of a capacitive battery. It is quite acceptable to replace them with metal-paper counterparts with the corresponding denominations. They will have to be connected in parallel.

It is not worth using models of electrolytic capacitors to work in the circuits of an asynchronous home-made generator. They are designed for DC circuits, and when passing a sinusoid that changes in direction, they quickly fail.

There is a special scheme for connecting them for such purposes, when each half-wave is directed by diodes to its assembly. But it's pretty complicated.

Design

The autonomous device of the power plant must fully meet the requirements for the safe operation of operating equipment and be carried out by a single module, including a mounted electrical panel with devices:

• measurements - with a voltmeter up to 500 volts and a frequency meter;
• switching loads - three switches (one general supplies voltage from the generator to the consumer circuit, and the other two connect capacitors);
• protection - circuit breaker eliminating the consequences of short circuits or overloads and RCD (device protective shutdown), which saves workers from insulation breakdown and phase potential entering the case.

Main power redundancy

When creating a home-made generator, it is necessary to provide for its compatibility with the grounding circuit of the working equipment, and for autonomous operation, it must be reliably connected to the ground loop.

If the power plant is created for backup power supply of devices operating from the state network, then it should be used when the voltage is disconnected from the line, and when restored, it should be stopped. For this purpose, it is enough to install a switch that controls all phases simultaneously or connect complex system automatic backup power supply.

Voltage selection

The 380 volt circuit has an increased risk of human injury. It is used in extreme cases, when it is not possible to get by with a phase value of 220.

Generator overload

Such modes create excessive heating of the windings with subsequent destruction of the insulation. They occur when the currents passing through the windings are exceeded due to:

1. improper selection of capacitor capacitance;
2. connection of high power consumers.

In the first case, it is necessary to carefully monitor the thermal regime during idling. With excessive heating, it is necessary to adjust the capacitance of the capacitors.

Features of connecting consumers

The total power of a three-phase generator consists of three parts generated in each phase, which is 1/3 of the total. The current passing through one winding must not exceed the rated value. This must be taken into account when connecting consumers, distribute them evenly over the phases.

When a homemade generator is designed to operate on two phases, it cannot safely generate electricity more than 2/3 of the total value, and if only one phase is involved, then only 1/3.

Frequency control

The frequency meter allows you to monitor this indicator. When it was not installed in the design of a home-made generator, then you can use the indirect method: at idle, the output voltage exceeds the nominal 380/220 by 4 ÷ 6% at a frequency of 50 Hz.

How to make a homemade generator from an asynchronous motor, Design and repair of apartments with your own hands

Tips for a home craftsman on making a do-it-yourself homemade generator from an asynchronous three-phase electric motor with diagrams. pictures and videos

How to make a homemade generator from an induction motor

Hello! Today we will consider how to make a homemade generator from an asynchronous motor with your own hands. This question has been of interest to me for a long time, but somehow there was no time to take up its implementation. Now let's do some theory.

If you take and spin an asynchronous electric motor from some prime mover, then following the principle of reversibility of electric machines, you can make it work out electricity. To do this, you need to rotate the shaft of an asynchronous motor with a frequency equal to or slightly more than the asynchronous frequency of its rotation. As a result of residual magnetism in the magnetic circuit of the electric motor, some EMF will be induced at the terminals of the stator winding.

Now let's take and connect to the terminals of the stator winding, as shown in the figure below, non-polar capacitors C.

In this case, a leading capacitive current will begin to flow through the stator winding. It will be called magnetizing. Those. self-excitation of the asynchronous generator will occur and the EMF will increase. The value of the EMF will depend on the characteristics of both the electrical machine itself and the capacitance of the capacitors. Thus, we have turned an ordinary asynchronous electric motor into a generator.

Now let's talk about how to choose the right capacitors for a homemade generator from an induction motor. The capacity must be selected so that the generated voltage and output power of the asynchronous generator correspond to the power and voltage when it is used as an electric motor. See the data in the table below. They are relevant for excitation of asynchronous generators with a voltage of 380 volts and with a speed of rotation from 750 to 1500 rpm.

With an increase in the load on the asynchronous generator, the voltage at its terminals will tend to fall (the inductive load on the generator will increase). To maintain the voltage at a given level, it is necessary to connect additional capacitors. To do this, you can use a special voltage regulator, which, when the voltage drops at the generator stator terminals, will connect additional capacitor banks with the help of contacts.

The frequency of rotation of the generator in normal mode should exceed the synchronous one by 5-10 percent. That is, if the rotational speed is 1000 rpm, then you need to spin it at a frequency of 1050-1100 rpm.

One big plus of an asynchronous generator is that you can use a conventional asynchronous electric motor as it without alterations. But it is not recommended to get carried away and make generators from electric motors with a power of more than 15-20 kV * A. A homemade generator from an asynchronous motor is an excellent solution for those who do not have the opportunity to use a classic kronotex laminate generator. Good luck with everything and bye!

How to make a homemade generator from an asynchronous motor, DIY repair

How to make a homemade generator from an asynchronous motor Hello everyone! Today we will consider how to make a homemade generator from an asynchronous motor with your own hands. This question has long

It is difficult not to notice how the stability of electricity supplies to suburban facilities differs from the provision of urban buildings and enterprises with electricity. Admit that you, as the owner of a private house or cottage, have repeatedly encountered interruptions, inconveniences and damage to equipment associated with them.

The listed negative situations, together with the consequences, will no longer complicate the life of lovers of natural spaces. And with minimal labor and financial costs. To do this, you just need to make a wind power generator, which we describe in detail in the article.

We have described in detail the options for manufacturing a system that is useful in the economy, eliminating energy dependence. According to our advice, an inexperienced home craftsman will be able to build a wind generator with his own hands. A practical device will help to significantly reduce daily expenses.

Alternative energy sources are the dream of any summer resident or homeowner whose site is located far from the central networks. However, when we receive bills for electricity used in a city apartment, and looking at the increased tariffs, we realize that a wind turbine designed for household needs, we would not interfere.

After reading this article, perhaps you will make your dream come true.

A wind generator is an excellent solution for providing a suburban facility with electricity. Moreover, in some cases, its installation is the only possible way out.

In order not to waste money, effort and time, let's decide: are there any external circumstances that will create obstacles for us in the process of operating a wind turbine?

To provide electricity to a summer house or a small cottage, it is enough, the power of which will not exceed 1 kW. Such devices in Russia are equated to household products. Their installation does not require certificates, permits or any additional approvals.

Constant and uninterrupted supply of electricity in the house is the key to a pleasant and comfortable pastime at any time of the year. To organize an autonomous power supply for a suburban area, we will have to resort to mobile installations - electric generators, which, in last years especially popular due to the large range of different capacities.

Scope of application

Many are interested in how to make an electric generator for suburban area? We will talk about this below. In most cases, an asynchronous alternator is applicable, which will produce energy for the operation of electrical appliances. In an asynchronous generator, the speed of rotation of the rotors than in a synchronous one and the efficiency will be higher.

However, power plants have found their application in a wider range, as an excellent means for extracting energy, namely:

• They are used in wind farms.
• Used as welding machines.
• They provide autonomous support for electricity in the house on a par with a miniature hydroelectric power station.

The unit is switched on using the input voltage. Often, the device is connected to power to start, but this is not a very logical and rational solution for a mini-station, which itself must generate electricity, and not consume it to start. Therefore, in recent years, generators with self-excitation or series switching of capacitors have been actively produced.

How an electric generator works

An asynchronous power generator produces a resource if the speed of rotation of the motor is faster than synchronous. The most common generator operates on parameters from 1500 rpm.

It produces power if the rotor at start is running faster than the synchronous speed. The difference between these figures is called slip and is calculated as a percentage of the synchronous speed. However, the stator speed is even higher than the rotor speed. Due to this, a stream of charged particles is formed that changes polarity.

Watch the video, how it works:

When energized, the connected power generator device takes control of the synchronous speed by independently controlling the slip. The energy leaving the stator passes through the rotor, however, the active power has already moved to the stator coils.

The basic principle of operation of an electric generator is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. To start the rotor to generate power, a strong torque is needed. The most adequate option, according to electricians, is "perpetual idling", which maintains one speed of rotation during the operation of the generator.

Why use an asynchronous generator

Unlike a synchronous generator, an asynchronous one has a huge number of advantages and benefits. The main factor in choosing the asynchronous option was the low clear factor. A high clear factor characterizes the quantitative presence of higher harmonics in the output voltage. They cause useless heating of the motor and uneven rotation. Synchronous generators have a clear factor value of 5-15%, in asynchronous generators it does not exceed 2%. It follows from this that an asynchronous power generator produces only useful energy.

A little about the asynchronous generator and its connection:

An equally significant advantage of this type of electric generator is the complete absence of rotating windings and electronic parts that are sensitive to damage and external factors. Therefore, this type of apparatus is not subject to active wear and tear and will last longer.

How to make a generator with your own hands

Device asynchronous alternator

The purchase of an asynchronous electric generator is a rather expensive pleasure for the average resident of our country. Therefore, many craftsmen resort to solving the issue of self-assembly of the device. The principle of operation, as well as the design, is quite simple. With all the tools, assembly will not take more than 1-2 hours.

According to the above-described principle of operation of the electric generator, all equipment should be adjusted so that the rotations are faster than the engine revolutions. To do this, you must connect the engine to the network and start it. Use a tachometer or tachogenerator to calculate RPM.

After determining the value of the engine speed, add 10% to it. If the rotation speed is 1500 rpm, then the generator should be running at 1650 rpm.

Now you need to remake the asynchronous generator "for yourself", using capacitors of the required capacities. Use the following plate to determine the type and capacity:

We hope that it is already clear how to assemble an electric generator with your own hands, but please note: the capacitance of the capacitors should not be very high, otherwise the generator running on diesel fuel will get very hot.

Install the capacitors according to the calculation. Installation requires a fair amount of attention. Ensure good insulation, if necessary, use special coatings.

Based on the engine, the generator assembly process is completed. Now it can already be used as a necessary source of energy. Remember that in the case when the device has a squirrel-cage rotor and produces a rather serious voltage that exceeds 220 volts, it is necessary to install a step-down transformer that stabilizes the voltage at the required level. Remember that in order for all appliances in the house to work, there must be strict control of a home-made 220-volt electric generator in terms of voltage.

Watch the video, the stages of work:

For a generator that will run at low power, single-phase asynchronous motors from old or unwanted household appliances, such as washing machines, drain pumps, lawn mowers, chainsaws, etc., can be used to save money. Motors from such household appliances should be connected in parallel with the winding. Alternatively, phase-shifting capacitors can be used. They rarely differ in the required power, so it will need to be increased to the required performance.

Such generators show themselves very well when it is necessary to power light bulbs, modems and other small devices with a stable active voltage. With certain knowledge, you can connect an electric generator to an electric stove or heater.

The ready-to-use generator should be installed so that it is not affected by precipitation and the environment. Take care of an additional casing that will protect the installation from adverse conditions.

Almost every asynchronous generator, whether it is a brushless, electric, gasoline or diesel generator, is considered a device with a fairly high level of danger. Handle such equipment very carefully and always keep it protected from external weather and mechanical influences or make a casing for it.

We watch video good advice specialist:

Any autonomous unit should be equipped with special measuring instruments that will record and display performance data. To do this, you can use a tachometer, voltmeter and frequency meter.

• Equip the generator with an on/off button if possible. You can use manual start to start.
• Some power generators need to be grounded before use, carefully assess the area and select a site for installation.
• When converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, sometimes the efficiency can drop to 30%.
• If you are not confident in your abilities or are afraid to do something wrong, we advise you to purchase a generator in the appropriate store. Sometimes the risks can turn out to be extremely deplorable ...
• Monitor the temperature of the asynchronous generator and its thermal regime.

Results

Despite their ease of implementation, homemade power generators are very painstaking work that requires complete focus on design and correct connection. The assembly is financially feasible only if you already have a workable and unnecessary engine. Otherwise, you will pay more than half of its cost for the main element of the installation, and the total costs may significantly exceed the market value of the generator.

Nowadays, producing your own electricity is not such an unusual thing. Power grids are intermittent, especially outside major cities. And to avoid this problem, many resort to the use of electric generators. In order to purchase or make one, you need to learn about the best electric generators that you can do yourself.

What it is

An electric generator is a special device that is designed to convert and store electricity. And it is usually extracted from unusual sources - from gasoline and gas to environmentally friendly ones, such as wind, sun and water. Such a generator can be expensive. Even the most low-power can cost from 15,000 rubles.

Therefore, in order to save several tens of thousands, many create them themselves. It’s good that there are already a lot of ideas on how to make an electric generator with your own hands.

Principle of operation

Electromagnetic induction underlies the principle of operation of an electric generator.

An artificial magnetic field is created. A conductor passes through it, creating an impulse. The pulse, meanwhile, becomes a direct current.

The generator itself has an engine that is capable of generating electricity by burning a certain type of fuel. It can be diesel fuel, gasoline, gas.

At this time, the fuel entering the combustion site produces gas in the combustion process. And the gas makes the crankshaft rotate. He, in turn, gives an impulse to the driven shaft. The latter provides energy at the output in certain quantities.

Electric generators basically have two mandatory mechanisms - a rotor and a stator. Their presence does not depend on fuel and power.

The rotor is needed to create the same electromagnetic field. It is based on magnets that are at the same distance from the core.

The stator does not move. This allows the rotor to move while the stator regulates the electromagnetic field. It is achieved due to the steel blocks in its device.

Asynchronous

The types of power generator devices do not end with the division by fuel use. Also, according to the type of rotation of the rotor, generators can be:

• Synchronous - more difficult in its design. Voltage fluctuations lead to malfunctions. This affects work and productivity.
• Asynchronous - with an easy principle of operation, other technical characteristics.

Magnetic coils on the rotor of a synchronous generator impede the movement of the rotor. The rotor in an asynchronous generator is more like a flywheel.

Design features have a big impact on efficiency. Synchronous have a loss of up to 11%. In asynchronous, the loss reaches a maximum of 5%. Such indicators make asynchronous devices popular not only in everyday life, but also in production.

Asynchronous generators have other advantages:

• Frequent repairs are not needed, because a simple housing reliably protects the engine from spent fuel and excess moisture.
• The output rectifier will protect electrical appliances powered by the generator.
• Resistant to voltage drops.
• All parts in the design are quite reliable and durable, so operation without repairs can last more than 15 years.
• Due to the resistance to drops and the ability to power devices with an ohmic load, the amount various devices connectivity is growing - from computers to welding machines and lamps.
• High efficiency.

What materials are needed

To assemble a small asynchronous generator, parts such as:

• Engine. It is easiest to take from failed electrical appliances, because doing it yourself is difficult and time consuming. Washing machine motors work especially well.
• Stator. You need to take it ready, with a winding.
• transformer or rectifier. It is useful if the output power has a different power.
• Electric wires.
• Insulating tape.

Of course, to make wind and solar power generators with your own hands, you will need more complex circuits and more materials, but if you wish, you can find them and instructions for them.

Note!

Assembly

The assembly process can be complicated by different reasons. For example, there is no specific skill for a job. There is no experience in creating such devices. There are no required parts and spare parts. However, if all this and a great desire is available, then you can try.

But before starting work, it is necessary to fulfill several conditions - to obtain materials and instructions for the manufacture of an electric generator. And read them. And also take care of safety.

Before starting work, it makes sense to take care of the assembly diagrams and drawings. This will greatly facilitate and speed up the process.

Gas and gasoline electric generators are assembled by hand most often. But both when assembling them, and when assembling others, it is necessary to make preparations and some calculations. For example, it is important to know the power of the desired generator.

To determine the rotation speed, the motor must be connected to the network. To determine the need for a tachometer. The value obtained from the measurements must be added to the compensatory value of 10%. This value allows you to prevent the engine from overheating.

Note!

Considering the power, you need to choose capacitors.

It is important to remember about grounding, because we are talking about working with electricity. And this is not only a matter of device wear, but also a safety issue.

The assembly itself is simple - Capacitors are connected to the engine in turn according to the scheme (it can be found on the Internet). This is all that is needed to create a low power generator.

This option is the most convenient and easy. However, you should pay attention to the following points:

• It is necessary to monitor the temperature of the engine so that it does not overheat.
• Sometimes the generator will need to be allowed to cool down to 40 degrees.
• Efficiency may decrease depending on the operating time. This is fine.
• The user will need to independently monitor the condition of the generator, connect measuring devices to it.

After assembling the mechanical part, you should deal with the electrical side. It’s worth starting after installing the pulleys connected by a belt.

• The windings on the electric motor are connected according to the star scheme.
• Capacitors connected to the winding must form a triangle.
• Voltage will be removed between the end of the winding and the midpoint. Then a current with a voltage of 220 volts is obtained, and between the windings - 380 volts.

Note!

Experts give a few more useful tips, which will help when assembling the generator:

• The electric motor can get very hot. To avoid this, you need to replace the capacitors with those that have less capacity.
• Homemade power generators usually involve capacitors with a voltage of 400 volts or more. For correct operation one is enough.
• The network needs a three-phase transformer if all phases of the motor are needed to power the house.

Most likely, even made, as on beautiful photos, a homemade electric generator, will not be able to compete with purchased models.

However, if we perceive it as an additional, spare source of electricity, then it is quite possible to make and use it. Moreover, as practice shows, making a generator on your own is not so difficult. You just have to put in the effort and you'll be fine.

DIY photo generators

A pocket flashlight has become an item of equipment for every tourist. Yes, that's the trouble - the energy of the batteries has to be saved. But you can take a power plant with you. It weighs almost as much as a spare 4.5V battery, and it won't take up much more room in your backpack. Let's give a hint: our electric generator homemade camping power station - almost any microelectric motor DC with excitation from permanent magnets, and the energy source is wind.

camping power plant

The principle of operation of a homemade camping power plant - a mini-generator shown in Figure 1. A current generator with a propeller is mounted on a pole. Wires run from the alternator to the bulb. The propeller automatically "follows" the wind with the help of a weather vane - the "tail". The challenge is how to make the power plant as simple and easy as possible. It is also necessary that it be easily disassembled into parts, and the main components could be repaired or remade from improvised means right on the campaign.

Let's start with the generator. The easiest way to get microelectric motors of the Moscow plant "Young Technician" type DP-1 or MDP-1. When purchasing them in the store, try to choose those whose rotor rotates easier. The smallest power plant will turn out if you use microelectric motors of the KM USH-a-38 type, which are produced in Germany and are sold with us as spare parts for models railways. And if you have the opportunity to use microelectric motors of the PD-3 type (any series), the power plant will turn out to be the most powerful. True, these engines are the heaviest of all named. The main dimensions of all listed engines are shown in Figure 2.

A propeller is needed to rotate the generator. There are many design options. However, for field conditions, a propeller that can be easily removed from the generator shaft, or with folding blades, is preferable. The removable propeller is shown in Figure 3.

It is made from the bottom of a can. A boss is soldered into the center, turned on lathe. A hole is drilled in the boss and a thread is cut for the M3 screw. The angle of inclination of the blades is about 30°. The number of blades is from 8 to 12.

Most simple design with folding blades is shown in Figure 4. The blades are made of wire, for example, spring wire, brand OBC, with a diameter of 1-1.5 mm and wrapped in foil. The pointed ends of the wire are stuck into holes pre-pierced in the rubber stopper. The angle of inclination of the blade is the same as in the first design. The central hole in the boss is best drilled with a drill or on a lathe. A tube of suitable diameter 20-25 mm long should be soldered onto the motor shaft. Drill a hole in the boss with a drill with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the tube. Such blades need to be made with a margin, about five, which will allow you to change the characteristic of the propeller depending on the strength of the wind. If you forget your blades at home, don't despair. They can be cut from a suitable piece of wood (fig. 4a) or even feathers of large birds can be used instead.

The wind is usually capricious and often changes direction. Therefore, complete the set of parts with one more - a weather vane. Its designs are shown in figures 1 and 5.

In a plank (Fig. 5) 200-300 mm long, make a groove according to the dimensions of the electric motor. The engine is attached to it with wire, twine or rubber bands from pharmaceutical bottles. Drill a hole as close as possible to the engine in the center of the plank. Here, on a wire pin with a pointed end, the weather vane will be mounted on a pole. To improve its rotation, insert a tube 30-50 mm long into the hole. Drive a nail into the end of the plank. Attach a “tail” to it: a handkerchief, a long ribbon or a bast, like a kite.

The power plant is ready. If necessary, the power plant can be made to work on the go. True, in this case it is better to use a 1.5 V bulb. It will burn brightly enough even in calm weather if you walk at a fast pace.

There is a pocket power plant business and at home. By replacing the light bulb with a DC ammeter of 1-1.5 A or a voltmeter of 3-5 V, you will get a device for measuring wind speed. True, for this you will have to calibrate the scale of indications.

All materials of the section "Ideas for the master"

Home → Electricity → Homemade small wind turbines →

second part windmill installation, readings and electronics

Mini wind generator from a permanent magnet motor

One of the published publications about homemade wind turbines prompted me to build this wind generator.

From this article, I realized that there is nothing particularly difficult in building a small windmill, the main thing is desire. The idea to provide myself with an autonomous source of energy has been in my head for a long time, and after looking at the experiences of others, I decided to build my own windmill.

Such wind turbines were often made on the basis of small DC motors, from all sorts of scanners, drives, and I decided to repeat these rather successful experiments.

At a price, such a wind generator will cost no more than 2-5 thousand rubles, the main price is an electric motor that will be used as a generator. With economical consumption, you can generate 50-250 W, which is much cheaper than solar panels of similar power.

Here, for those who are interested, is my story about how I built the generator.

To build such windmills, you do not need special tools, but enough that almost everyone has in a garage or pantry. To make my design, I only needed a drill, and a jigsaw with which I cut out the blades, and other trifles (keys, bolts, ruler, tape measure, pencil, etc.) in general, what is usually available or purchased in a store for little money.

I myself have a very modest budget, so I decided to make the cheapest wind generator possible, so I was looking for the simplest and most affordable ways to build my windmill.

For the construction, I used the materials available to the maximum and were idle on my site.

P y P f There is nothing complicated in the manufacture of blades.

How to make a mini wind generator with your own hands?

Usually the pipe is divided into three equal parts along, and sawn. Such material is sawn quite well and can be sawn even with a hacksaw for wood, but I had a jigsaw, which made the task easier, although it is also often sawed with metal blades.

To fix it on the shaft, I used an adapter, this is a special nozzle for attaching discs to the shaft.

In the disk, having previously marked out, I drilled holes for the bolts for attaching the blades and assembled everything into a single structure, below you see what I did. I think that it turned out successfully, reliably, simply and accurately.

Next, it was necessary to fix the generator on something, and for this I used a square segment. I didn’t bother with the mount, but simply pulled the generator to the beam with clamps, additionally wrapping it with a casing from a piece of PVC pipe.

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The tail was cut out of an aluminum sheet, and for fastening in the beam, it was cut along two lines into which the tail is inserted and fixed to the bolts through the drilled holes. I used a piece of pipe and a flange as a rotary axis, which I screwed to the beam after drilling the holes.

Below is a photo of an almost finished wind generator, it remains to build a mast and lift it into the wind.

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In the course of assembly, all parts were immediately painted with automotive paint in spray cans.

The mast was assembled from water pipes using ready-made adapters, this made it possible to significantly facilitate the assembly process without resorting to welding or drilling for bolts. During the assembly process, he worked as a mechanic, working with adjustable wrenches, as if assembling a plumbing unit.

The result is a fairly strong and reliable mast.

Wind generators from car generators

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Windmill from an auto-generator with a double stator

Wind generator from "Moto26", made from a car generator with a double stator. The windmill is made to run on a 24 volt battery, with a total power of 300 watts with a wind of 9 m / s. Details and photos in the article.

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DIY wind generator

Almost completely self-made wind generator, the generator of which was originally supposed to be from a car generator, but after the case was broken, only the stator remained from the generator, and the case had to be made new. >

Wind generator from an auto-generator from Bull

The generator of this windmill is made from a car generator from the truck Bychek.

The stator is rewound with 0.6 mm wire. The rotor is completely new; >

A simple modification of a car alternator

The simplest conversion of a car alternator to permanent magnets.

The generator for this windmill was made from an autogenerator, the stator of which was not changed, but the rotor was equipped with neodymium magnets. >

Wind turbine generator from auto-generator

How to easily and effortlessly remake an oscillator for a homemade wind generator. For alteration, it is not necessary to rewind the stator, do not sharpen the rotor for magnets.

The whole alteration comes down to switching the phases of the generator, and equipping the rotor with small magnets for self-excitation of the rotor. >

Single blade wind turbine propeller

In continuation of the improvement of the wind generator, this time it was decided to try to make a single-blade propeller and see what advantages it gives and what disadvantages are inherent in single-blade propellers.

The blade with a counterweight is not rigidly mounted and can deviate from the axis of rotation up to 15 degrees. >

Wind generator from tractor generator G700

In this wind generator, a tractor generator with electric excitation is used as a generator.

Let's make an electric generator with our own hands

The generator underwent significant changes, the stator was rewound with a thinner wire, and the rotor coil was also rewound. For this windmill, the screw was made of duralumin. Two-bladed propeller with a span of 1.3 m. >

Homemade wind generator for a yacht

A self-made wind generator, the generator of which is made from the generator of the IZH Jupiter motorcycle, This wind generator was specially created for operation on a small yacht, where it was supposed to provide power for navigational instruments and small electronics.

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New-second wind turbine for a yacht

The new wind turbine used a stator from car generator. The power of the new windmill is now greater, the diameter of the propeller has also increased.

Now the wind generator has a new protection against strong winds, now the propeller does not go to the side, but capsizes, and the tail does not fold now, in general, the details are in the article.

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Windmills flowers from bicycle speakers

Interesting and beautiful windmills, the generators of which are bicycle hub dynamos. They are made in the form of all sorts of flowers, sunflowers, daisies, and painted in the appropriate colors, they look beautiful as a design element.

E-VETEROK.RU wind and solar energy – 2013 Mail: [email protected] Google Plus

Blade calculation and production

This section contains information about the calculation and production of a wind turbine or wind turbine propeller. Calculation of blades for PVC wind turbines, manufacturing of profiled blades. Combined calculation of propeller power and speed, principles of the wind wheel, and conversion of wind energy into mechanical and then into electrical. Comparison and calculation various types wind generators.

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O, screws, multilayer, vertical

Often beginners from wind turbines cannot decide which propeller they need, how much power a particular wind can give. What diameter do I need to screw and how many blades >

An example of calculating blades from PVC pipes in an Excel spreadsheet

Program for calculation of propellers of wind generators from PVC pipes.

Lots of questions about how to use the table and how to calculate blades. To do this, I gave examples in the article calculating the blades and how to use the table. >

Blade calculator

Program for calculation of PVC plates. The program itself is an Excel spreadsheet that displays all the necessary information for a screw.

You need to enter data in the yellow boxes to get the blade coordinates as well as traffic, power, etc. data. >

Multi-screw propeller or small blade

I decided to describe the main differences between multi-turn wind turbines with small blades.

Many people think that slow-acting multi-stage propellers have an advantage in low winds and high-speed non-foggy strong winds, but this is not the case. >

Blade angle calculation, twisting

Once again in the independent calculation of the blades, this time we calculate the exact angle of the blades from the wind and the required speed.

DIY mini generator

Calculate the blade drilling for a particular generator. In this article, there are several factors that affect the calculations. >

Create a windmill and calculate it in simple words

How to create a wind generator, where to start and what to start when thinking about a future wind generator.

In this article, I described the main provisions of the principles of wind turbines, vertical and horizontal, without formulas. >

How to make blades for a wind turbine

Blades are often made from sewer pipes, and at the same time they do everything with their own eyes, so such slices have a small Kyiv. The article presents examples of calculating blades from a tube with a special program in the form of a plate high pressure and cutting dimensions for the blade.

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Wind wheel calculation, wind generator power

How to calculate the power of a wind generator? - in fact, it's all easier, as it seems, to be the main thing to understand. Formula for calculating the wind force acting on the propeller, plus the KIEV propeller, generator efficiency, wire losses, controller, battery.

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Calculation of PVC pipes

The product has many ready-made, calculated screws for choosing a wind turbine. Also spreadsheets. The calculated screws have all the necessary data, including the coordinates of the sample of the cutting blade from the pipe. >

Folding tail calculation

Protect the wind generator from strong winds by moving the windshield in the direction of the rotation axis and folding the tail.

Spreadsheets calculate excel as well as formulas and description of the working principle of this wind turbine hurricane protection. >

Working principle horizontal and vertical

Principles of operation of vertical wind generators of the Savonia type and horizontal wind winds. Description of the influence of the wind, as well as the characteristics and characteristics of the processes that allow the rotation of the wind. >

Calculation of vertical wind turbines

An example of the calculation of vertical wind turbines of the Barrel type for beginners to understand where it starts.

The article provides an example of a general calculation of the power and speed of a wind wheel with 2 * 3 m >

How to make a wind tunnel from a car generator

The article describes in detail the process of manufacturing a fan from a car generator.

Since the generator has been processed to produce a propeller and controller. As a rule, she answers all the basic questions about building wind turbines with her own hands.

E-VETEROK.RU Wind and solar energy – 2013 Mail: [email protected] Google Plus

DIY vertical wind generator

This is detailed description Savonius wind turbine rotor type designs, I found this wonderful place here http://mirodolie.ru/node/2372 After reading the material, I decided to write about these projects and how it was done.

How it all started

The idea of ​​building a wind turbine was born in 2005, when a site was purchased from the Mireioli family estate.

There is no electricity, and everyone solved this problem in their own way, mainly by solar collectors and gasoline generators. When the house was built, this was the first thing to be considered and received the solar panel power of 120 watts. It worked well in the summer, but in the winter, its efficiency has decreased significantly, and on cloudy days, it is currently 0.3-0.5A / h, this is not suitable, like the light, barely enough, but It was necessary to feed the laptop and another small electronics.

Therefore, it was decided to build a wind turbine, which will also use wind energy. First, there was a desire to build a glider wind generator. This type of wind is very large, and after a while he spent the Internet in his head and collected a lot of material on the computer on the computer. On a generator generator, sailing wind is quite expensive, so as these small wind turbines are not built and the propeller diameter for wind turbines of this type must be at least five meters.

The big wind generator couldn't pull, but he still wanted to try and create a wind generator with at least some power to charge the battery.

The horizontal propeller of the turbine immediately fell so that they are loud, they have problems with making current rings and protecting the wind turbine from strong winds, and it is also difficult to make the right blade.

I wanted something simple and slow, I watched a few videos online and loved vertical wind turbines like the Savonius.

In fact, they are analogues of the cutting tube, half of which is pushed out from opposite sides. When searching for information, a more perfect form of these wind turbines was found - the Ugrinsky rotor. The regular Savonius has very little WEUC (wind power exploitation), typically only 10-20%, while the Urga rotor has a higher WEUC reflecting the use of the wind power blades.

Below are pictures to understand the robot principle of this rotor

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Blade Coordinate Marking Scheme

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Rotor Kyiv Ugrynsky reported 46% and therefore no worse than horizontal wind turbines.

Well, the exercise shows what and how.

Blade making.

Before the rotor was launched, the first models were made from two rotor cans.

One of the classic models of Savonia and other Ugrinsky. It was noticed on the models that the Ugrynsky rotor works noticeably at higher speeds compared to the Savonius, and the decision was made in favor of the Ugrynsky. It was decided to create a twin rotor, one on top of the other with a 90° turn to achieve more even torque and better starting.

Materials for the rotor are chosen as the simplest and cheapest. The blades are made of 0.5 mm thick aluminum foil. Three pellets are cut from 10 mm plywood. The balls were towed according to the above drawing and grooves with a depth of 3 mm were made to insert the blades. An assembly of blades made at small angles and tightened with screws. In addition, the adhesive plates for the strength of the entire assembly are attached to the pins at the edges and in the middle, it turned out to be very rigid and hard.

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The size of the rotor was 75 * 160 cm, and on rotor materials - about 3600 rubles.

Production of generators.

Before the generation of the generator, there was a lot of searching for the final generator, but there were almost no sales for them, and what you can order online cost a lot of money. Vertical wind turbines have low speeds and average around 150-200 rpm for this design.

It's hard to find something ready for such twists and turns and not require a multiplier.

In search of information on the forums, it turned out that many generate generators and that there is nothing complicated about it. The decision was made in favor of their own permanent magnet generator. The basis was the classic design of a permanent magnet axial generator in a car hub.

The first order was for neodymium magnetic washers for this generator in the amount of 32 pieces sized 10*30mm.

While the magnets were working, other parts of the generator were made. We calculate all dimensions of the stator under the rotor, which consists of two brake discs from a VAZ car on the rear wheel hub, the windings are wound.

Simple hand tool designed for winding coils. The number of coils is from 12 to 3 per phase, so the generator is three-phase.

DIY mini-turbine (generator)

There will be 16 magnets on the disc rotors and this ratio is 4/3 instead of 2/3 so the generator will be slower and stronger.

Simple machines are made for winding coils.

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The location of the stator coils is marked on paper.

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The stator is filled with resin from plywood. Before watering, all coils were soldered into a star, and the wires were cut along the cut channels.

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Stator coils before overflow.

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A fresh stator stocking, before pouring the bottom layer, is a circle of fiberglass, and after laying the coils and pouring epoxy on top, placed in the second circle, it is intended for additional power. Immersion is added to the resin for strength, of which it is white.

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Thus, the same resin is filled with water and magnets on the disks.

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But the already assembled generator, the base is also made of plywood.

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After manufacturing, the generator was immediately washed by hand for current voltage. This was due to the 12 volt battery. The pen was attached to the generator and looked at the other hand and turned the generator, some data was obtained. On a battery at 120 rpm, it turns out that 15 volts 3.5 A, faster to stretch the arm, does not allow strong resistance of the generator.

The maximum error is at a speed of 240 rpm 43 volts.

electronics

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The diode bridge consisted of a generator packed in a case, and two instruments were installed on the case: a voltmeter and an ammeter. The same famous electronics was taken with a simple controller for it. The control principle is simple, when the batteries are fully charged, the controller connects an additional load that consumes all excess energy so that the batteries do not overcharge.

The first controller that merges with friends is not suitable enough, so a more reliable software controller has been merged.

Wind turbine installation.

For the wind turbine, there was a strong frame made of 10*5 cm wooden rods.

For reliability, the support rods were excavated 50 cm into the ground, and the whole structure was further reinforced with extensions that were attached to the corners that were driven into the ground. This design is very practical and quick to install, as well as being simpler than being welded. Therefore, it was decided to build wood, but metal is expensive and there is no need to turn on welding anywhere.

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There is a prepared wind generator. In this photo the generator drive is direct and then a multiplier is created which increases the rotation of the generator.

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Generator drive, gear ratio can be replaced by replacing the pulleys.

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Later, the multiplier generator is connected to the rotor.

The general wind turbine produces 50W in 7-8m/s wind, charging starts at 5m/s, although it starts spinning in 2-3m/s wind, but the speed is too slow to charge the battery.

In the future, it is planned to raise the wind turbines as described above and process some of the units of the device, while a new larger rotor can be built.

My second wind generator (from car generator)

For the construction of the second wind turbine, I pushed to the prospects of future life in the country. In the cottage, I planned to build a house that I would like to live in (although that happened), but there was no electricity, so I had to think about how to get there and surf the Internet. I found two acceptable options for solar collectors or wind turbine generators, or better both, but it costs a lot of money, so I decided to do everything myself.

Of course, they are not even solar panels, so the circuit board elements are expensive and make the wind farm themselves.

my windmill

Photo of a home fan Preparations for the construction of a wind turbine began with the search for a suitable generator that could deliver energy at low speeds.

The first thing to remember is the car generator as it can be found in any garage. I took a similar oscillator from a car enthusiast and started looking for information on how to adapt it to a wind generator. It turned out that not everything is so simple. Without rewinding and implanting magnets, this generator is not suitable as it runs at high speeds in a car, but without recovery it can only be used with a multiplier.

I decided not to go ahead because it's complicated and will have a lot of head weight and screw size and order neodymium magnets and the stator itself. At the same time that I submitted a topic to one of the wind turbine forums, I began to put together a generator.

In order to process the rotor under the magnets, I ordered an online store of magnets in size 20 * 5 * 5 with a speed of 48pcs, and while they were mail-order magnets, I began to create a new rotor for this purpose, deciding to remove the autochthonous rotary generator, but I will try to knock it out of the bearings i broke the seat of the rear bearing and then the bent rotor tries to remove the crab from the winding area, in general, all broken, whole just stators.

The stator is from the "classic" with 36 teeth, tooth width 5 mm, stator thickness 25 mm and inner diameter 89 mm.

home generator

Wind Farm Generator Parts I wasn't looking for another generator, but I decided to weld a new stator housing.

An example was welded from a 2 mm thick steel sheet. First, rise 2 cm from the main body of the stator, it is easier to cut eight corners into a mill than into a ball.

He then resolved two strips 1.5 cm wide and pressed them against the stator wire welded to the octagon to remove the slots for installing the stator, so that not a single chipboard would be fixed in the body.

Then he made two flanges of the same 2 mm steel. under 201. Bearings and using a drill where holes are needed to mount these flanges with bearings.

The flanges are specially designed to center the rotor, so you can just weld the rings under the bearing, but they must be centered. The photo is for the bearings, not the flanges but the rings, they had to be cut off because it was impossible to "fine focus" on the knees and I made the flanges.

home rotor

Photo Rotor for the rotor of a domestic generator I did too much, found a metal rod 12 mm thick, just below the 201st bearing bearing to the mounting screw. Under the magnets I needed a 76mm thick metal sleeve, just like the inside diameter of the 89mm rotor minus the thickness of the magnet = 5mm x 10mm and the gap between the stator and rotor 1.5mm = 3mm.

But under the sleeve I found only part of the 72nd tube, so I had to make a 2 mm thick steel ring, drain it and weld it to build up to 76 mm thickness.

The cylinder at the barbershop decided to pour the epoxy, so the welding didn't get scared. On the scaffolding, he doesn't let God wrap the welded planks. From the tin, I cut two circles with scissors along the outer diameter of the cartridge body and in the center of the circles under the coat. The pin was inserted into these holes and filled with epoxy. It turned out that the self-rotating rotor I is polished when polished on a grinding wheel.

Yes, the rotor took a long time and it turned out to be wrong and not centered, but I did it without lathes and saved money.

generator

So the generator looks like a merge. When the case was ready and even painted, I took the stator, removed the old windings, and old paint scraped from the gutters. After reading the forum, I came to the conclusion that only a three-phase generator needs to be made, which means that three phases must be wrapped. I wanted to buy 200 strands of 0.56mm enameled wire from the locals that run the engines, but he gave me this because it's a 200 gram bike.

And I'm glad I came home to go to the stator.

The stator shakes each coil directly on the tooth, just as random winding of the winding is difficult for me, it is necessary to prepare the coil in the pushing grooves, and if the wind is directly to the teeth, it will be good and vaginal and will become longer. It is used as insulation in ordinary cardboard notebooks. Each tooth included on 33_39 shows 0.56mm wire, shaking each phase, the phase accelerates the transmission of one to two teeth, and then checks that the phase does not wind Koroto-li on the stator and coil instead of dirty epoxy.

Rotor with neodymium magnets

The final rotor with encapsulated epoxy magnet is a three phase resistance 12katushek phase 3.3 ohm. So I have a magnet to rotor 24polyus, so the ratio of magnets on coils in a 3-phase system is 2/3 where there are two magnets on three coils, for example if the coils have 18 poles. First attached to the rotor magnet 24 with the same distance and filled with epoxy.

Assembled alternator connected to star phase and twisted rotating hand counting speed per second turned 200rpm into 13 volt generator and 2A koe at 300rpm 20 volt and 1A for batteries. The result was nice, but the generator was sticking the magnets to the stator teeth, which prevents the propeller from starting in light wind, and I decided that the tilt of the magnets would be on the rotor.

Converting the rotor to cone magnets

Unpick the magnets and now we will do it with a slope to unpick the magnets, and the slope on an imaginary magnet is refueled and rolled up, the bonding drops by half and is barely noticeable, but the generator has lost about 35% of its power.

I thought he was all going away and he thought about the screw but I still have the magnets and I want them to do too much and I was advised to put two magnets in half on the forum and I scratched the rotor again and tried with epoxy resin.

With super glue, I fixed the magnets on the poles and twisted.

The rotor is fully charged with magnets, doubled in power, and the adhesion was not too strong, I measured and showed 0.3 Nm. Now the alternator has started charging at 120 mb/m, at 200 mb/m, the open circuit voltage is about 20V. I refilled the epoxy magnets and with that the generator was finished, I was satisfied, especially because it's better if I don't do this in my case.

Theoretically, the generator output is about 100Wh at 12m/s.

windmill house generator

After the rotor is restored, I again test the generator for voltage and current. Then I started to assemble the wind generator, first I made a rotary axis.

It was made from a single bearing and from a 15th tube with a thread and a nut. The pipe was filled with an epoxy insert inside the bearing, and the bearing was poured onto a piece of 50 mm diameter plastic tubing so that the axis of rotation was released.

From a profile 50 * 25 mm, 60 cm long.

Inner path. How to create a mini generator

I made a beam on which I repaired the generator, tail, and cut a hole to fix the rotary axis. At home, I found five meters of the 50th drug pipeline. Shovels from the first mini-vertebrae. The blades were made from uncalculated tin, and the diameter of the blades with three blades was 1.6 m. The finished windshield was attached to the mast and raised to the wind, connected a small battery and a multimeter. A small wind blew outside, the current jump to 1A, watch, I went to charge, I thought.

The next day, the wind was stronger, the current reached 3A, and the cuts of the blades could not stand it and relied on the drug.

Internal wind generator

Turbines after processing and new blades made of PVC pipes. Then I thought about new knives looking for old forums and websites there are all PVC pipe blades and I found a 110 piece. energy did not increase much and peaked at 5A at 12-15 m / s, then began to deal with knives and undermine the power of the wind turbine.

The forum found PVC bolt calculations, looked at how wind angles were made and new blades were cut. The result was better, but not much, with a light wind, also around 2A, but with a strong one up to 7A.

Generally speaking, the windmill turned out to be weak, which I expected, but it worked, and it was the first charge on a small 9A / h battery, after which I put the battery on 60A / h. The wind generator starts with a wind of about 4 m / s and gives a charge of about 1A, with a small force of 2-3A and a strong wind up to 8A, that is 100 W / h and an average of 20-30 W / h, not much, but not bad for me.

Later, I made him a new 1.7 m diameter three-cut screw from a 160 tube, with which he gave up to 11A on a 12-volt battery, that is, up to 140 W / h. That's why I tried to install a 24-volt battery, current in a strong wind it reached 12A, that is, up to 280 W / h and is on average 20-30 W / h.

And so my other one appeared, stronger than the first wind generator. This wind turbine provided me for more than two months with LED lighting and a portable TV with a netbook and other minorities charging a phone and such. But we have low winds, the average annual level is only 2.4 m / s, and often at given times of the Earth, the battery needs to be landed, so I had to build another wind generator, but more on that in the next article.