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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

GOST 28697-90

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR PRODUCT QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND STANDARDS

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Date of introduction 01.01.92

This standard applies to the program and method of control tests of bellows expansion joints and metal seals carried out at the stages of their development and production.

The standard establishes general requirements, necessary types tests, sequence, rules and conditions for their conduct, as well as the procedure for reporting the results.

The standard does not apply to preliminary and type tests, which must be carried out according to special programs.

The terms and definitions used in this standard are given in annex 1.

The provisions of this standard are mandatory.

1. TEST REQUIREMENTS

1.1. In the process of creating bellows metal expansion joints and seals (hereinafter referred to as SC and UE), as well as their production, in the general case, acceptance, qualification, acceptance and periodic tests should be carried out.

Arbitration tests are also carried out according to this standard. The definition of arbitration tests and the procedure for organizing their conduct are given in clause 1.5.

1.2. According to the level of acceptance tests, they can be: state, interdepartmental, departmental.

Acceptance tests are carried out by acceptance committees appointed by order of the head of the developer. State acceptance commissions are appointed by the ministry (department) - product developer.

1.3. Acceptance tests are not carried out in the following cases:

1) modernization of products through changes made to the design of the product, its material design or manufacturing process;

2) creating a size range based on a product previously put into production or expanding an existing size range with one or more products that differ in nominal bore (Dy) and (or) nominal pressure (Py)

Notes:

1. According to listing 1, type tests of this product are assigned in the prescribed manner.

2. According to listing 2, it is allowed to conduct acceptance tests of newly developed standard sizes SK and UP, which is stipulated in terms of reference for their development.

1.4. Qualification tests are not carried out:

1) in the manufacture of prototypes for acceptance testing by an enterprise designated as a manufacturer of these products;

2) in the manufacture of product samples for type testing by the manufacturer of this product.

1.5. Arbitration tests (examinations) are carried out on samples of specific products, the need for an objective assessment of the quality of which is determined in the prescribed manner by arbitration, law enforcement or state supervision bodies. Tests (examinations) are carried out by the head organization for state testing of products of this type (hereinafter referred to as GOGIP), which issues a conclusion based on their results with the attached test reports to the interested body (bodies).

1.6. Acceptance, qualification, periodic and arbitration tests are carried out on samples of single products or on typical representatives of groups of homogeneous products (controlled batches of products).

1.7. The procedure for the formation of groups of homogeneous products and sampling for testing is established by the industry normative and technical documentation (hereinafter referred to as NTD) in agreement with the representative of the customer (main consumer), and, if necessary, with the representative of the state supervision body.

Note. Selection of product samples for testing from among typical representatives (controlled batches) is carried out by a single sampling method, taking into account the requirements of GOST 18321.

1.8. In the general case, products (SC, UE) are considered homogeneous if they are characterized by:

1) commonality of constructive and technological solution, which in this case means a single bellows design and a single technological process for manufacturing this group of products;

2) the same material execution of the main constituent parts products (bellows, connecting fittings);

3) commonality of functional purpose, which is understood as the ability to provide movement of the same type: axial movement, shear, angular movement (rotation) or their combinations, regardless of the types of products.

Notes:

1. Large-scale changes in the design of products within the standard range (according to Dy, Ru) are not signs of heterogeneity.

2. In the general case, a group of homogeneous products can be made up of several single products, a standard size range of products, or several standard size ranges.

1.9. Tests should be carried out in the order installed by the application 2; the procedure for drawing up, submitting and approving documents based on test results is given in Appendix 3.

Standard forms of acts of acceptance commissions are given in appendices 4, 5.

1.10. By the beginning of the acceptance tests, the production personnel of the enterprise - the manufacturer of the SC, UE must check:

1) compliance of the technological process of manufacturing products with the requirements of technological documentation in force at the time of the start of testing;

2) the completeness of the step-by-step control performed in the process of manufacturing products;

3) compliance of products with the requirements of design documentation, including basic dimensions, strength and tightness tests, appearance and marking;

4) serviceability of test equipment and measuring instruments.

1.11. By the beginning of the acceptance, qualification, periodic and arbitration tests of products, preparatory measures must be completed, providing for:

1) certification of the test unit;

2) logistical and metrological support of tests;

3) production of prototypes or product samples (typical representatives) and their acceptance by the technical control service of the manufacturer;

4) the appointment of an acceptance committee and the creation of the necessary conditions for its work - when conducting acceptance tests;

5) appointment of a responsible deliverer of tested prototypes of products - during acceptance tests;

6) appointment of a person responsible for conducting qualification, periodic and other tests of products;

7) preparation of documentation in accordance with Table. 1 and technological equipment necessary for testing.

Table 1

* GOGIP transfers test materials, test reports and conclusions to the disposal of the acceptance committee at its request.

Notes:

1. The “+” sign means that the document is being submitted, the “-” sign means that the document is not being submitted.

2. At the request of the acceptance committee, other documents must also be submitted, if their development is provided for by the TOR - for acceptance tests.

1.12. The appointment of a person responsible for conducting qualification, periodic and other tests of products should be carried out by order (instruction) of the head of the manufacturer.

The appointment of a responsible deliverer should be carried out by order (instruction) of the head of the enterprise conducting the tests.

1.13. Tests should be carried out in closed heated rooms at ambient temperature (293 ± 10) K ((20 ± 10) °С).

1.14. The test equipment must be certified in accordance with GOST 24555, and the measuring instruments must be verified.

1.15. Tests should be carried out using simulators of working environments ( drinking water, atmospheric air), if the use of a specific test medium is not specified in the technical documentation for this product.

2. TEST PROGRAM

2.1. Test object

2.1.1. The object of the test are:

1) prototypes of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of homogeneous products (hereinafter - prototypes) - during acceptance tests;

2) samples of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of homogeneous products, mastered by this enterprise for the first time (hereinafter - samples of mastered products) - during qualification tests;

3) samples of single products or samples - typical representatives of groups of homogeneous products manufactured by this enterprise (hereinafter - samples of products) - during periodic tests finished products;

4) samples of products according to listings 1-3, planned for export;

5) manufactured products in the volume of manufactured batches - during acceptance tests;

6) samples of specific products, for which an independent quality assessment must be carried out in accordance with the established procedure - during arbitration and other types of control tests (expertise).

2.1.2. Acceptance testing should be carried out on each batch of products.

2.1.3. Tests of all types (except for acceptance tests) are subjected to at least two samples of each single product, a specific product (size) or a typical representative of a group of homogeneous products. On each sample, the index "I" is applied, which means that the product belongs to the tests. The number of samples to be tested must correspond to that specified in the NTD for this product.

2.2. Controlled parameters and characteristics

2.2.1. In the general case, the composition of the tests and the sequence of checks should correspond to those indicated in Table. 2, if other tests are not provided for by the regulatory and technical documentation for this product. If it is necessary to carry out additional checks, private (working) programs and test procedures should be developed that take into account the requirements of this standard and agreed in the prescribed manner with the customer (main consumer).

table 2

Note. The sign "+" means that the tests are being carried out, the sign "-" means that they are not being carried out.

2.2.2. Tests according to table. 2 subject all samples presented for testing.

2.3. Conditions and procedure for testing

2.3.1. Strength tests of SC and UE are carried out by test hydraulic pressure of the test medium, the value of which for a given conditional pressure Ru is established by GOST 356, unless other standards are provided for by the NTD for these products.

During testing, the products must be protected from stretching (compression).

Note. It is allowed to carry out tests at the pressure of the test medium Pisp = Ru if it is provided for by the technical documentation for this product. The test medium is water.

2.3.2. Heat resistance tests are subject to SC and UE, intended for operation in working media with a temperature of more than 423 K (150 °C).

Tests are carried out by control heating of products in a preheated furnace to a temperature of (548 ± 25) K ((275 ± 25) ° C).

Note. Products, the design of which contains a guide pipe, are subjected to a heat resistance test before installation of the pipe.

2.3.3. Tightness tests are carried out in accordance with paragraph 2.3.11.

2.3.4. The main dimensions of the SC and UE are controlled by a measuring tool of the second accuracy class by comparing the actual values ​​with the dimensions established by the design documentation.

Product labeling is checked visually.

2.3.5. The appearance of the SC and UE is checked by inspection for the absence of damage and defects in structural elements. During inspection, the quality of the surface of the bellows and the connecting surfaces of the flanges should be checked.

2.3.6. Determination of stiffness - axial (Cl), shear (Cd) angular (rotation, Cg) should be carried out at atmospheric pressure test environment within the displacement amplitudes (l, d, g) established by the NTD for this product. The test medium is air.

2.3.7. The displacement amplitudes (static) l, g, d, established by the NTD for this product (the NTD project), are controlled in the process of determining the stiffness (Cl, Cg, Cd) in accordance with clause 2.3.6.

2.3.8. Vibration tests should be carried out in the axial and transverse directions at atmospheric pressure. The test medium is air.

The frequency range and permissible vibration acceleration are accepted in accordance with the requirements of the NTD for this product.

2.3.9. Impact tests should be carried out in axial and transverse directions at atmospheric pressure of the test medium.

Characteristics of impact loads in terms of acceleration, pulse duration, number of impacts are established by the NTD for products.

Note. Depending on the design features of the products, their weight and overall dimensions verification of SC and UE for the ability to withstand the destructive effect of shock loads is allowed to be carried out by simulating the impact of impact by other types of loading, equivalent to it in terms of the level of stresses in the structure caused by impact.

2.3.10. Tests to confirm the probability of no-failure operation (hereinafter referred to as PBR) of SC and CP should be carried out for the designated operating time, with amplitudes of repeated static movements and the effect of test internal (external) hydraulic pressure Pisp = Ru, established by the technical documentation for products. The test medium is water.

Notes:

1. The value of WBR for newly developed products must be determined in preliminary tests - if they are carried out. In the event that preliminary tests are not carried out, the determination of the WBF is carried out during acceptance tests.

2. Determination of the WBR should be carried out experimentally or taking into account additional information about the testing of analogues (or the main elements of the SC, UE) according to the regulatory and technical documentation in force in the industry - product developer.

2.3.10.1. FBG is confirmed by test operating time with the number of failures equal to zero.

2.3.10.2. When exposed to several types of displacements (loads) on the SC and UE, tests should be carried out in one equivalent mode, corresponding in terms of damaging effect to the totality of operational loads (loading modes).

The parameters of the equivalent test mode are determined by the developer of the SC and UE by calculation according to the methods in force in the industry, and the calculation itself is attached to the test materials (if these parameters are not specified in the technical documentation for this product).

2.3.11. Tightness tests should be carried out during the acceptance testing of products, as well as after testing according to paragraphs. 2.3.8, 2.3.9 and 2.3.10.

The threshold sensitivity of the tightness control system, as well as the level (class) of tightness of products is set depending on the operating conditions of the technical documentation for products.

2.3.12. Weight control should be carried out by weighing the samples presented for testing.

2.4. Requirements for metrological support of tests

2.4.1. Logistical and metrological support of tests is carried out by the enterprise conducting the tests.

2.4.2. Required Funds measurements (instruments and devices) are assigned taking into account the measurement errors of controlled quantities established by the technical documentation for products, from among those permitted for use.

2.4.3. A typical list of types of instruments and devices used when checking the parameters and characteristics of the SC and UE is given in Appendix 6.

A specific list of materials, measuring instruments and registration should be given in private (working) test procedures.

2.5. Work safety requirements

2.5.1. Safety and accident-free testing is ensured by the enterprise where the tests are carried out, in accordance with the requirements in force in the industry.

2.5.2. Test benches must be provided with fences and warning signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026 with an explanatory inscription: “CAUTION! TESTING ON!

2.5.3. In the event of an emergency, the tests should be immediately terminated, the stand and equipment de-energized. The resumption of testing is allowed only after the elimination of the causes that caused the emergency.

2.5.4. All testing work is carried out by suitably trained personnel under the direction of the responsible supplier or person responsible for testing.

2.5.5. Moving objects weighing more than 20 kg must be carried out using lifting equipment.

3. TEST PROCEDURE

3.1. Depending on the composition of the test equipment and measuring instruments, private (working) test methods should be developed on the basis of this standard.

3.2. Acceptance test methodology

3.2.1. The strength test should be subjected to assembled products, without protective covers. Products must be cleaned of foreign objects; the presence of paint coatings on the connecting surfaces and bellows is not allowed.

3.2.2. The process of loading the SC and UE with pressure is carried out sequentially stepwise, with holding every 0.1 Risp (but not less than 0.05 MPa (0.5 kgf/cm2)), for 1-2 minutes. In all cases, it is not allowed to load the product with a pressure exceeding the value of the test pressure Ppr, as well as the value of the conditional pressure Ru during tests according to clause 2.3.10.

3.2.3. SC and UE are considered to have passed the tests if, under the test pressure load Ppr, no pressure drop was observed for 5 minutes, and after the load was reduced from the test pressure value to the conditional Рy, no loss of axial stability was observed.

3.2.4. Thermal stability control is carried out visually after heating the products for 1 hour in a preheated furnace. Visible delamination, swelling, cracks and breaks on the inner and outer surfaces of the bellows and welds are not allowed.

3.2.5. Tightness control should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of clause 3.7.

3.2.6. Dimensional control and marking check should be carried out on a calibration plate in a room with general and local lighting that meets the established standards for machine-building shops.

The accuracy of dimensional control is due to limit deviations given by the design documentation.

3.2.7. The control appearance should be carried out under the conditions specified in clause 3.2.6. The surfaces of the bellows and the connecting surfaces of the flanges are checked by comparison with a control sample of the acceptable surface condition (control samples). Control samples for the connecting surfaces of the SC and UE and the surface of the corrugated part of the bellows must be made by the manufacturer of the product, agreed with the developer and approved in the prescribed manner.

Damage to the structural elements of the SC and UE, as well as defects on the surfaces of the bellows and the connecting surfaces of the flanges, greater than those of the control samples, are not allowed.

3.3. Method for determining (checking) stiffness and amplitudes of static displacements

3.3.1. Determination of axial stiffness Сl in compression-tension

3.3.1.1. The bellows compensator or seal (test sample) is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, drawing. 12.

The center of application of the force that provides movement is aligned with the center of the product (axis of symmetry). The permissible deviation is set in accordance with the technical documentation for the test equipment (bench).

3.3.1.2. A test force is applied to the sample, which ensures compression (tension), and the correct installation of the product on the stand is checked.

The installation is considered correct if the movement of the free end of the product during compression (tension) occurs without distortion. Permissible deviations should not exceed the value of the tolerance for parallelism of the end surfaces of the product, established by the design documentation for the SC (UP).

3.3.1.3. Similarly to clause 3.3.1.2, an axial force is applied to the product, which provides compression (stretching) of the SC (UP) bellows by the value of the amplitude of the axial stroke specified in the technical documentation for this product. Compression (stretching) is carried out stepwise, through brine intervals, up to 3-5 points. At the same time, at each point (i), the value of the current displacement liszh(rast) is fixed along the indicator and the applied force Qiszh(rasts) - according to the dynamometer.

3.3.1.4. Measurements according to clause 3.3.1.3 are performed 3 times, after which the average values ​​of the applied force Qciszh (growth) are determined in each i-th point.

According to the average values ​​of the applied forces Qci, the numerical values ​​​​of the stiffness () kN / m are determined, for any fixed value of the displacement according to the formula

.

Note. When determining the value of the force Qci, the additional influence of the mass of the connecting fitting DQ must be excluded:

Qiszh \u003d Qi + DQ,

Qi rast = Qi - DQ.

3.3.2. Determination of the angular stiffness Cg during rotation (bending) of the SC and UE

3.3.2.1. A sample of the rotary type SC is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 3.

In the test system for measuring the values ​​of the angular travel (turn) at the free side of the sample, a lever must be installed on the connecting fitting SC, which creates a bending moment Mizg, and an optical quadrant, which fixes the angle of rotation. The turning force on the value of the amplitude established by the technical documentation for this product, at equal intervals at 3-5 points, should be measured with a dynamometer.

3.3.2.2. The average stiffness value is determined in the order given in paragraph 3.3.1.4.

According to the average values ​​of the efforts Qci izg, the numerical values ​​​​of the stiffness Сg i, kN-m / deg, are determined at any fixed value of the angle of rotation (at the i-th point) according to the formula

where Mizg is the bending moment created by the force Qci izg at the current point i on the shoulder l kN-m;

Mizg.i = Qci izg.l.

3.3.2.3. Determination of the angular rigidity of universal SC, as well as UE, is carried out by a method similar to that specified in paragraphs. 3.3.2.1, 3.3.2.2, in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 4.

The swivel assembly of the technological equipment provides rotation (bending) of the corrugated shell relative to the center of rotation of the product.

Note. When determining the numerical values ​​of the rigidity of the SC (FC) in this case, the force created by friction in the hinged joints of the tooling should be excluded from the measurement results obtained.

3.3.3. Determination of stiffness Сd at shear of SC and UE

3.3.3.1. The bellows compensator or seal is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, drawing. 5.

3.3.3.2. A dynamometer must be installed in the test system to measure the force, and an indicator to measure the displacement (shear) value.

Shear-type products are tested in the state of delivery, and universal-type and shear-rotary products are tested using special technological equipment.

3.3.3.3. To the sample SC (UP) from the side of the movable end in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the product, apply a shear force Qshdv, measured by a dynamometer.

The movement (shift di) is carried out in steps, at equal intervals of 3-5 points, up to the amplitude value specified in the NTD for this product.

3.3.3.4. The numerical value of the shear stiffness Cd i, kN/m, is determined by the formula

where Qci shift is the average value of the effort over 3 measurements.

Note. When determining the numerical values ​​of the stiffness of the SC (FC), the stiffness of which is measured using technological equipment, the force created by friction (DQ) in the hinge joints should be excluded.

3.3.4. The displacement amplitudes are checked when determining the corresponding stiffness according to the method given in paragraphs. 3.3.1.3, 3.3.2.1, 3.3.2.3, 3.3.3.

3.4. Vibration Test Method

3.4.1. Depending on the nature of the vibration loads specified in the technical documentation for products, various test methods can be assigned using the appropriate equipment:

1) impact of vibrations in the frequency range from 5 to 60 Hz with amplitudes of vibration acceleration up to 19.6 m/s2, with verification of this impact in the resonant zone of the frequency range;

2) impact of vibrations in the frequency range from 5 to 2000 Hz with amplitudes of vibration acceleration up to 294 m/s2.

3.4.2. The test system should provide measurement of vibration acceleration amplitudes (m/s2), vibration frequencies (Hz), vibration displacement amplitudes (oscillation spans, mm) and time of exposure to vibration loads on the sample (s, h).

Note. The test equipment must be preliminarily checked in the entire frequency range for the presence of its own resonances, data on which (if any) are entered in the equipment passport (or a document replacing it). The occurrence of resonant vibrations at the natural resonant frequencies of the equipment during testing of the product is not a sign of product resonance.

3.4.3. Testing of product samples - according to clause 3.4.1, listing 1.

3.4.3.1. The product is installed on a vibration stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 6. Tests are carried out under the influence of vibration loads in the axial (hereinafter: along the X axis) and in the transverse (hereinafter: along the Y, Z axes) directions.

The expediency of using special and unloading devices, equipment is determined by the testing department.

3.4.3.2. The product is tested as an assembly, unless other requirements are specified in the NTD for this product.

3.4.3.3. Acceleration sensors should be installed on the fixture and on the product in such a way that their axis coincides with the direction of vibration of the table of the vibration exciter of the stand. The number of sensors placed on the movable table of the vibration exciter of the stand, equipment, product elements depends on the size and design of the product, but should not be less than 4 pcs.

A non-contact method for measuring the vibration displacement amplitudes of the corrugation elements is allowed.

3.4.3.4. Vibration testing consists of the following steps:

1) tests to detect resonant frequencies (resonances);

2) vibration strength tests in a given frequency range;

3) vibration strength tests at resonant frequencies.

3.4.3.5. Resonance detection tests are carried out with a smooth change in the frequency of disturbing oscillations (sinusoidal vibration) in each frequency band within the entire frequency range specified by the technical documentation for this product. The travel time of each frequency band (continuous frequency sweep rate) should be sufficient to detect resonance, but not less than two to three minutes in one direction.

After passing the entire frequency range in the forward direction (from the lower frequency to the upper one), it is re-passed in the opposite direction. A sign of resonance is an increase in the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of individual parts or structural elements of the product by a factor of two or more compared to the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of the attachment points measured by sensors installed on the side of the vibration source:

where A is the amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of the points of attachment to the table of the vibration accelerator of the stand, mm (m/s2);

A1 - amplitude of vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) of structural elements of the SC (UP) in the axial direction, mm (m/s2);

A2 - the same, in the transverse direction.

Notes:

1. One or more resonant frequencies can be detected within the entire specified NTD for a given product in the frequency range.

2. The breakdown of a given frequency range into frequency bands is carried out in accordance with the rules established in industry regulatory and technical documents, depending on the design, purpose and scope of the SC and UE, unless other requirements are provided for by the NTD for these products.

3. The difference in amplitudes of vibration displacements (vibration accelerations) at any two points of one element of the product should not be more than 15%.

3.4.3.6. If resonances are not detected during the tests according to clause 3.4.3.5, the products are subjected to vibration strength tests in the frequency range specified in the technical documentation for this product.

The tests are carried out with a smooth change in the frequency of disturbing oscillations and at a speed of its continuous sweep, providing the following test duration:

2 h - for axial impact of vibration loads;

4 h - for transverse impact of vibration loads.

Breaks are allowed during the tests, but the total duration of the tests must be maintained.

3.4.3.7. The sample is considered to have passed the vibration strength test (clause 3.4.3.6) if, after exposure to vibration loads, it has not lost its tightness and has not been established during visual inspection mechanical damage(cracks, destruction) of its elements.

3.4.3.8. If resonances are detected during the tests according to clause 3.4.3.5, the products are subjected to vibration strength tests at the corresponding resonant frequencies and in the positions at which they were detected.

The tests according to clause 3.4.3.6 are not carried out in this case.

3.4.3.9. For products in which resonant vibrations of the same frequency occurred in the axial and transverse directions, the tests according to clause 3.4.3.8 are carried out only in the position in which the vibration displacement (vibration acceleration) amplitude was greater.

The duration of the test (exposure) at each detected resonant frequency is determined from the condition of making the product 106 oscillations. The criterion for evaluating the results of tests for vibration strength at resonant frequencies is similar to that specified in clause 3.4.3.7.

3.4.4. Testing of product samples - according to clause 3.4.1, listing 2.

3.4.4.1. The samples are subjected to vibrations similar to paragraphs. 3.4.2, 3.4.3.1-3.4.3.3, in accordance with the vibration impact parameters given in the NTD for this product: type of vibration; frequency range (disaggregated into frequency bands); vibration acceleration; time of exposure to vibration in each frequency band and in the entire range as a whole.

3.4.4.2. The sample is considered to have passed the vibration strength test if, after exposure to vibration loads, it has not lost its tightness and no mechanical damage (cracks, destruction) of its elements has been established during visual inspection.

3.5. Impact Test Method

3.5.1. The bellows compensator or seal assembly is installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 7. Products intended for operation on liquid media must be filled with a working medium simulator (medium).

The expediency of using special devices, equipment and simulators of boundary conditions is determined by the testing department, based on design features, overall dimensions and weight of the tested products, if the requirements are not established by the NTD for this product.

3.5.2. When installing a sample of SC or UE on the stand, the center of mass of the product (complete with tooling) must be aligned with the axis of action of the shock pulse of the stand. Permissible deviation is set in accordance with the documentation for the test equipment (bench).

3.5.3. Tests are carried out by applying shock loads in the axial and transverse directions specified in the NTD for this product, characterized by:

1) numerical value of impact acceleration (m/s2);

2) pulse duration (ms);

3) the number of impacts.

3.5.4. The acceleration sensor must be installed in the central part of the load table of the stand so that its axis coincides with the direction of impact.

3.5.5. After the impact of each impact, it is necessary to check the fastening of the product on the stand table, as well as to inspect the product for the timely detection of cracks and damage. After the impact tests are completed, the sample is tested for leaks.

3.5.6. Samples of SC and UE, which cannot be tested with the impact of specified shock loads on the stands (due to the large mass, overall dimensions or design features), in agreement with the customer (the main consumer), the developer and the head testing organization, it is allowed to test using simulation of impact other loads (for example, water hammer, static displacement, etc.), provided that they are equivalent to the specified shock loads in terms of the level of stresses arising when they are applied to the bellows shell and restrictive reinforcement elements.

Note. Tests are carried out in accordance with industry methods. Calculations of loading parameters and stress state of the bellows SK (UP) must be attached to the test report.

3.5.7. The sample is considered to have passed the impact resistance test if, after exposure to impact loads (or loads simulating impact), it has not lost its tightness and no damage (cracks and destruction) of its elements has been established during visual inspection.

3.6. Test Method for Probability of Non-Failure Operation

3.6.1. Tests to confirm the FBG with a given confidence probability are carried out on stands that provide the necessary types and amplitudes of movements when exposed to an internal (external) hydraulic pressure equal to Ru.

3.6.2. Depending on the type of SC (UP) and the type of movement established by the program, the assembled products are installed on the stand in accordance with Appendix 7, fig. 8-16.

Note. Protective covers must be removed before testing.

3.6.3. Tests should be carried out at a frequency of movements of not more than 40 cycles per minute. The deviation of the test pressure from that specified by the test program should not exceed 5%.

The test system shall provide:

measuring the pressure of the test medium (MPa) and the value of the displacement amplitude (mm, degree);

registration of the number of accumulated cycles;

the possibility of external inspection of the product during testing.

3.6.4. Confirmation of the TFR should be carried out by test operating time Ni, the numerical value of which should not be less than 1.15 of the numerical value of the assigned operating time Nn with the number of failures equal to zero: Ni ³ 1.15Nn.

Notes:

1. The numerical value of the test operating time Ni is set by the developer of the SC (CP) in the NTD for products by calculation according to the methodology in force in the industry, depending on the initial quantitative indicators (probability of failure-free operation, confidence level, coefficient of variation or the value of the standard deviation, adopted law distribution of time to failure and the number of samples tested).

2. When carrying out periodic testing of products used for repair purposes, the confirmation of the WBM must be carried out by a test operating time, the numerical value of which should not be less than the numerical value of the assigned operating time, with the number of failures equal to zero: N and ³ Nн.

3.6.5. The samples are considered to have passed the tests, and the probability of failure-free operation of a batch of manufactured products is confirmed if the samples tested by the operating time N have not lost their tightness and have no mechanical damage.

3.7. Leak test procedure

3.7.1. Tests of SC and UE for tightness should be carried out by mass spectrometric, hydrostatic or bubble methods.

3.7.2. The method (method) of tightness control is established by the design documentation for products, taking into account the provisions and requirements of industry normative and technical documentation, and the threshold sensitivity of the control system is established by the NTD for these products.

3.7.3. In the general case, the following ranges are set for the threshold sensitivity of tightness control systems, depending on the conditional pressure Рu of products:

more than 5-10-2 up to 5, l-µm/rt. st./s - Ru f 1.0 MPa (10 kgf / cm2);

more than 5-10-3 to 5-10-2, l-µm/rt. st./s - Ru St. 1.0 (10) to 4.0 (40) inclusive, MPa (kgf/cm2);

more than 5-10-5 to 5-10-3, l-µm/rt. st./s - Ru > 4.0 MPa (40 kgf / cm2).

3.7.4. It is allowed to apply the following methods of tightness control.

Mass spectrometric method - control methods:

helium or vacuum chamber;

helium probe;

blowing with helium;

hydrostatic method - compression hydraulic method of control;

bubble control method - control methods:

soaping (applying a polymer composition);

compression (immersion in liquid).

Note. Other methods that do not reduce the requirements for tightness and provide a given level of threshold sensitivity of the control system must be agreed with the customer (the main consumer) and the product developer.

3.7.5. When testing SC or UE by methods that provide for the creation of an excess pressure of the test medium inside the product, the samples must be protected from stretching.

3.7.6. The surface of the bellows and welds connecting the bellows to the fittings must be free of rust, oil, emulsion and other contaminants, as well as paint and varnish coatings.

Before checking the tightness of products by the mass spectrometric method, their surface and internal cavities are dried from water and other liquid media. Drying mode (temperature, duration) must be set technological process, and the maximum temperature value should not exceed 423 K (150 °C).

3.7.7. The sample is considered to have passed the tightness test if there was no pressure drop inside the sample, and the penetration of the test medium (control liquid or gas) through the walls of the sample structure (including the connection of its elements) did not exceed the standards established by the design documentation.

3.8. Mass control technique

3.8.1. The control of the mass of SC and UE is carried out by weighing products on a scale. The types of scales should be determined by the technical documentation for products, depending on the scope of the products, their overall dimensions, nominal values ​​of the mass and its permissible deviations.

3.8.2. Only dry samples are subject to weighing, with previously separated transportation and assembly fixtures and devices that are not included in the design of the product during its operation.

3.8.3. When weighing, the controlled product must be installed on the scale platform in such a way that the center of mass of the product along the vertical axis relatively coincides with the center of the scale platform.

3.8.4. The results of mass control of samples of mass-produced products are considered positive if the actual value of the mass of products meets the requirements of the NTD for this product.

4. PROCEDURE FOR PROCESSING AND REGISTRATION OF TEST RESULTS

4.1. Processing of test data

4.1.1. The processing of test data consists in carrying out calculations and calculations, as well as in analyzing and comparing the obtained values ​​of parameters and characteristics with their values ​​specified in the technical documentation for this product, taking into account limit deviations.

4.1.2. The processing of test data should be carried out by the personnel of the testing departments.

4.2. Registration of test results

4.2.1. According to the results of tests (checks), test reports (checks) are drawn up. A separate protocol is drawn up for each controlled parameter or characteristic.

Note. It is allowed to draw up one protocol for registration of the results of several tests (checks).

4.2.2. Test reports should generally include:

1) type of tests (in accordance with Table 2) - in the heading of the protocol;

2) name, symbol and designation of products;

3) serial numbers of the tested samples;

4) the name of the enterprise - the manufacturer of the samples;

5) date of drawing up the protocol;

6) controlled parameters and characteristics;

7) place of testing (name of the enterprise or organization that conducted the tests);

8) reference designation of bench equipment;

9) designation of the document (programs, methods, programs and methods), in accordance with which the tests were carried out;

10) the period of time during which the tests were carried out;

11) test data, including: test conditions and modes; data of the current measurement of parameters (if necessary) and the values ​​of the measured quantities at the control points of measurements; the resulting final values ​​of controlled parameters and characteristics, etc.;

12) information on the results of a visual inspection of the samples during the tests and after their completion, indicating the location and nature of the detected damage, destruction;

13) results of weighing (weight control) of samples;

14) results of measurement of stiffness characteristics;

15) the results of the vibration strength test in the form of a conclusion: “passed the test” or “did not pass the test as a result ...”;

16) the results of testing samples for impact resistance in the form of a conclusion: “passed the tests” or “did not pass the tests as a result ...”;

17) sample test data (test time N and; presence or absence of failed samples; number of failed samples (if any) and the number of cycles they have worked by the time of failure) and test results to verify (confirm) the probability of no-failure operation (PBR) in the form of a conclusion on the compliance of samples with the requirements of the NTD for these products in terms of reliability;

18) the results of testing samples for tightness in the form of a conclusion: “The tests passed” or “The tests did not pass as a result ...”, indicating the control method and information about the threshold sensitivity of the control system;

19) comments on the design documentation, draft NTD for products and a conclusion on the technical level and quality of products (for prototypes).

4.2.3. In general, test reports must be accompanied by:

1) tabular and (or) graphic material for determining stiffness;

2) calculations of loading parameters and stresses in the bellows - when simulating a shock load (in the absence of them in the technical documentation for this product);

3) calculation of equivalent test modes when checking the probability of no-failure operation (in case of absence in the NTD for this product);

4) calculation of the numerical value of the test operating time Ni (with the number of failures equal to zero) for tests to check the FBG (in the absence of an indication in the NTD for this product);

5) photographs of damage (if any) caused by exposure to vibration, shock and (or) cyclic loads.

Note. The photographs are completed as a separate attachment to the test materials.

4.2.4. Protocols of interdepartmental and departmental acceptance tests are signed by the head of the testing unit and members (member) of the commission.

4.2.5. The protocols of state acceptance tests conducted by GOGIP or its basic testing divisions are signed by the head of the testing division.

4.2.6. Protocols of qualification, periodic and other types of tests are signed by: head of the testing unit; person responsible for testing; representative of the customer* (main consumer) and the state supervision authority, if necessary.

* The representative of the customer at the enterprise that conducted the tests.

4.2.7. Each test report must have a designation containing: the conditional code of the enterprise that conducted the tests (four-digit letter code included in the structure of designations of design documentation in accordance with GOST 2.201); the last two digits of the year in which this protocol was drawn up; serial number of the protocol (in the year of its compilation).

Test report designation structure:

Example. YANSH.91.011

4.2.8. The rules for drawing up protocols and other test documents must comply with those set out in Appendix 3, clause 2.6.

The procedure for accounting, storage and circulation of test documents is given in Appendix 8.

APPENDIX 1

Reference

TERMS USED IN THIS STANDARD AND EXPLANATIONS TO THEM

Table 3

APPENDIX 2

Mandatory

TEST PROCEDURE

1. Acceptance tests

1.1. Acceptance tests (departmental, interdepartmental, state) are organized by the enterprise - product developer.

1.2. In the composition of the acceptance committee, in the general case, representatives are included: enterprise (organization)-customer (main consumer) - chairman; enterprise-developer - deputy chairman; manufacturer; enterprise - the developer of the object of application; representative of the state supervisory authority, if necessary.

1.3. Enterprises (organizations) notify the enterprise-developer in writing at his request about sending their representatives to the acceptance committee.

1.4. The selection committee works under the direction of the chairman, and in his absence - under the leadership of the vice-chairman.

1.5. Tests are carried out within the time limits determined by the schedule agreed with the test department.

1.6. Test units, as well as organizations, must be certified for the right to conduct tests in the manner established by the USSR State Standard.

1.7. The enterprise-developer provides for the acceptance committee the necessary conditions work.

1.8. The Commission is responsible for:

1) objectivity of conclusions and conclusions;

3) the timing and quality of execution of the materials of the commission based on the test results.

1.9. The Commission has the right:

1) require the provision of additional information about the samples submitted for testing;

2) invite specialists from other specialized organizations (enterprises) for consultations;

3) take a direct part in the tests;

4) in technically justified cases, count as test results the results of previously conducted product quality checks;

6) assign qualification tests in cases of insufficient confirmation of parameters and characteristics during acceptance tests;

7) accept as indisputable documents of the head organization for state testing or its basic testing divisions;

8) suspend tests in cases of violation of safety regulations or non-compliance of test or measuring instruments with the test program (methodology), until these violations are eliminated;

9) stop testing in cases of non-compliance of the parameters and characteristics obtained during testing with the requirements of the documentation and resume them after considering issues with interested organizations (enterprises) and making an agreed decision on further performance of work.

1.10. All decisions of the acceptance commission are documented in protocols indicating the officials present at the meetings of the commission. Test reports are drawn up in accordance with clause 4.2.

1.11. When participating in the work of the commission of the USSR Register, its representative signs the minutes of the plenary meetings of the commission. Upon completion of the work of the commission, the representative of the USSR Register draws up the “USSR Register Act”, which is an integral part of the materials of the acceptance commission. At the same time, his signature is not provided for in the act of the acceptance committee.

1.12. Each member of the commission, including the chairman and his deputy, has the right to state in writing his dissenting opinion on a particular issue considered by the commission. A dissenting opinion should be considered when approving the materials of the acceptance committee.

1.13. Registration of test reports must be carried out in accordance with Appendix 3, clause 2.2.

2. Qualification and periodic tests

2.1. Qualification and periodic testing is organized by the manufacturer of products with the participation of a representative of the customer (main consumer) and the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.2. In the case of testing at an enterprise (organization) that is not a manufacturer, the tests are carried out by the testing department this enterprise(organization), certified in the manner prescribed by the State Standard of the USSR, with the participation of a representative of the customer at this enterprise (organization) and the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.2.1. Tests are carried out within the timeframe determined by the schedule agreed with the test department. The schedule is drawn up by the person appointed responsible for the tests.

2.2.2. According to the test results, the testing department issues the test results to the manufacturer in the form of protocols.

2.3. Test reports are drawn up in accordance with clause 4.2.

Registration of test reports - in accordance with Appendix 3, paragraphs. 2.3, 2.4.

3. Acceptance tests

3.1. Acceptance tests are carried out by the technical control service of the manufacturer, and in cases specified when ordering, by a representative of the customer (main consumer) or a representative of the state supervision body. In this case, the acceptance of products by the technical control service precedes the acceptance of products by the customer (the main consumer) or a representative of the state supervision body.

3.2. The basis for the acceptance of products is a notification of its readiness, submitted by the manufacturer of the product.

3.3. Based on the results of acceptance, documents are drawn up, provided for by the regulations on the acceptance of products for industrial purposes, and a passport is filled out.

3.4. On compliance with the special conditions of the customer, specified when ordering products, a mark is made in the documents for its acceptance.

PROCEDURE FOR FORMING, SUBMISSION AND APPROVAL OF DOCUMENTS COMPILED ON THE TEST RESULTS

1. Documents drawn up based on test results

In general, the documents drawn up based on the results of testing prototypes and mass-produced products include:

1) test reports with applications;

2) test report (conclusion - during arbitration tests).

2. Requirements for the execution and procedure for approval of test documents

2.1. The procedure for issuing test reports - according to clause 4.2.

2.2. The procedure for drawing up, submitting and approving acceptance test certificates

2.2.1. Based on the results of consideration of the documents submitted to the commission (Table 1), the latter draws up an act. Registration of acts of the interdepartmental (departmental) acceptance committee - in accordance with Appendix 4, execution of acts of the state acceptance committee - in accordance with Appendix 5.

2.2.2. The act of the interdepartmental (departmental) commission is signed by the members of the commission, and the chairman of the commission approves the act.

2.2.3. The act of the state acceptance commission is signed by the chairman and members of the commission. The act is approved by the organization that approved the composition of the commission.

2.2.4. If the state tests are carried out by the basic testing division of the parent organization or the parent organization for state testing, then the test reports and annexes to them by the state commission are submitted by these testing divisions or the parent organization.

2.2.5. Documents drawn up based on the results of the work of the state acceptance commission, the chairman of the commission sends for approval to the organization that appointed the commission, with a letter signed by him and the head of the enterprise (organization) who conducted the tests. The term for consideration and approval of documents is no more than 15 days.

Note. Documents are sent unbound in one (first) copy.

2.2.6. After the approval of the documents under paragraphs. 2.2.2, 2.2.5 of this Appendix, the documents are returned to the enterprise - the developer of the SC (UE) for registration, making copies and mailing them to interested enterprises (organizations).

2.2.7. Acts of acceptance commissions according to paragraphs. 2.2.2 and 2.2.3 of this appendix are subject to registration (assignment of the next serial number in the year of drawing up the act) at the developer enterprise.

Registration of test reports is carried out after their approval.

2.2.8. Making copies of documents is allowed in any way that ensures unambiguous reading of documents. Sets of copies of documents must be bound and have a cover made of soft cardboard with a label indicating: the name of the topic, the designation of the NTD for products, the number and date of approval of the acceptance test report.

2.2.9. The enterprise-developer leaves the original copy of the documents (the first typewritten one) for storage, and sends the remaining copies (copies) within 10 days from the date of receipt of the approved copy of the documents:

to the customer (main consumer) - 1 copy;

to the head developer of a particular type of equipment, of which the SC or UP is an integral part (in the case of testing components) - 1 copy .;

manufacturer - 1 copy.

Note. The need to send materials to other organizations (enterprises) should be specified in the acceptance test report.

2.2.10. After registration of acceptance test documents, the enterprise - developer of the SC (UE) must perform the following activities:

approval and registration of NTD for products in the manner prescribed by GOST 1.3;

adjustment of design and technological documentation based on the results of acceptance tests in the manner prescribed by GOST 2.503.

2.3. The procedure for registration, submission and approval of certificates of qualification tests

2.3.1. Based on the results of qualification tests, the manufacturer draws up an act in which it indicates:

1) name, type and designation of products in accordance with the main design documentation;

2) designation of NTD for products;

3) serial numbers of samples;

4) the date of drawing up the document;

5) the purpose of the tests;

6) the name of the enterprise that conducted the tests;

7) the name of the enterprise - the developer of the SC (UP);

8) the period of time during which the tests were carried out;

9) compliance of the samples of the IC or UE presented for testing with the requirements of the design documentation and NTD for products;

10) the name and designation of the program and test procedure, in accordance with which the samples were tested;

11) the results of the tests carried out with a conclusion on the compliance of product samples with the requirements of design documentation and NTD for products;

12) elimination of product deficiencies (CD) identified by the acceptance committee and specified in the act;

13) the state of readiness of the manufacturer for the serial production of this product in a given volume;

Test reports with relevant annexes are attached to the act.

2.3.2. The act of qualification tests is signed by: a representative of the manufacturer (the person responsible for conducting tests), a representative of the customer (main consumer) at the manufacturer and a representative of the state supervision body, if necessary.

2.3.3. The act of qualification tests is approved by the head (deputy head) of the enterprise - manufacturer of SK, UP.

Registration of acts of qualification tests is carried out by the manufacturer.

2.4. The procedure for registration (except for listings 12-14, 16 of clause 2.3.1), submission and approval of acts of periodic testing of products is similar to that set out in clause 2.3 of this appendix.

2.5. The procedure for registration, submission of documents (conclusions) of other types of tests (examinations) of finished products (according to clause 1.5) - in accordance with the approved Charter (Regulations) on the enterprise (organization) that conducted the tests (examination), agreed in the prescribed manner with the bodies of the State Standard , and the procedure in force at this enterprise (organization).

2.6. Documentation rules

2.6.1. The text part of the documents (test reports and materials attached to them, the test report and other documents) is typewritten and drawn up in accordance with general requirements to text documents in accordance with GOST 2.105, on sheets of A4 white paper in accordance with GOST 2.301 without a frame, main inscription and additional columns to it.

2.6.2. The quality of execution of documents according to paragraphs. 2.6.1 and 2.6.2 of this Appendix should provide the possibility of making multiple copies or making a duplicate of them.

2.6.3. The name of the test object in all documents of one set and in the headings of the documents must be the same as the name of the product in the technical documentation for products and the main design document. Designation of products - according to GOST 2.201.

STANDARD FORM OF ACT

STANDARD FORM OF ACT

LIST OF MEASUREMENTS USED IN CHECKING THE PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BELLOWS AND SEALS

1. Dial gauges IC of the first accuracy class - for measuring linear displacements.

2. Optical quadrants of types KO-1M and KO-3M - for measuring angular displacements.

3. Dynamometers of the DOR and DOS types of the second accuracy class - for measuring forces.

4. Pressure gauges of types MOSH and MTI not lower than the first class of accuracy - for measuring hydraulic pressure.

5. Sensors-accelerometers of the KD type - for measuring vibration displacements (vibration accelerations).

6. Sensors-accelerometers - for measuring the amplitudes of shock accelerations.

7. Electronic frequency meters types Ch3-33, Ch3-36, etc. - for measuring the frequency of vibrations.

8. Electronic or mechanical watches various types- to measure the current time of the test process (in hours, minutes, seconds).

9. Electronic or mechanical counters - for registering the number of loading cycles of samples of SC and UE by static movement (the number of cycles of operation of the stand).

Determination of the angular stiffness of SC and UE of universal type

1 - dynamometer; 2 - power body; 3 - beam; 4 - optical quadrant; 5 - bellows compensator; 6 - hinge; 7 - clamp; 8 - stand; 9 - earring

Determination of shear stiffness of SC and UE of universal and shear types

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - coupler (technological or standard); 3 - indicator; 4 - equipment; 5 - earring; 6 - dynamometer; 7 - rod of the power body; 8 - fixing bolt; 9 - clamp

Tests of SC and UE for vibration strength

axially

1 - vibration transducer table; 2 - rigid equipment; 3 - bellows compensator; 4 - sensors-accelerometers; 5 - device for static unloading of the mobile system of the vibration exciter; A - amplitude of movement of the table of the vibration exciter of the stand; А1, А2 - vibration displacement amplitudes of the bellows corrugation elements

Tests of SC and UE for impact resistance

position of the product during testing in the direction of the X-axis

position of the product during testing in the direction of the axes Y (Z)

1 - axis of action of the shock pulse of the stand; 2 - technological flanges; 3 - restrictive fittings SK, UP (if any); 4 - bellows compensator; 5 - cargo table of the stand; 6 - simulator of boundary conditions; 7 - snap

Tests of SC and UE of a universal type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in compression-tension

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4 - intermediate flange; 5, 6 - coupler; 7 - crossbar; 8 - earring; 9 - adapter; 10 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 11, 12 - flexible hose; 13 - pressure gauge; 14 - pump; 15, 16 - shut-off valve; 17 - safety valve; 18 - clamp; 19 - stand; 20 - limit switch; 21 - pressure bar; 22 - indicator; 23 - technological stand (installation)

Tests of universal unloaded SC to confirm the probability of failure-free operation in compression-tension

1 - bellows compensator unloaded type; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4 - earring; 5 - adapter; 6 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 7, 8 - flexible hose; 9 - pressure gauge; 10 - pump; 11, 12 - shut-off valve; 13 - safety valve; 14 - stand; 15 - limit switch; 16 - pressure bar; 17 - indicator; 18 - clamp

Tests of SC and UE of a universal type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation during bending (turning)

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 5 - hinge; 6 - fork; 7 - adapter; 8 - drive; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - pressure gauge; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - pressure bar; 20 - optical quadrant

Test of SC of a shear-turn type to confirm the probability of failure-free operation when bending (turning)

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - adapter; 7 - beam; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - pressure gauge; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - pressure bar; 20 - optical quadrant

Test to confirm the probability of failure-free operation of swivel-type bellows expansion joints

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4 - fork; 5 - adapter; 6 - earring; 7 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 8, 9 - flexible hose; 10 - pressure gauge; 11 - pump; 12, 13 - shut-off valve; 14 - safety valve; 15 - clamp; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - pressure bar; 19 - optical quadrant

Testing of SC and UE of a universal type to confirm the probability of no-failure operation during shear

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - drive; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - pressure gauge; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - pressure bar; 19 - indicator; 20 - clamp

Testing of universal unloaded SC to confirm the probability of no-failure operation under shear

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - pressure gauge; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - stand; 18 - limit switch; 19 - pressure bar; 20 - indicator

Test of SC of shear-rotary type to confirm the probability of no-failure operation during shear

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - lanyard; 7 - adapter; 8 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 9, 10 - flexible hose; 11 - pressure gauge; 12 - pump; 13, 14 - shut-off valve; 15 - safety valve; 16 - clamp; 17 - limit switch; 18 - pressure bar; 19 - indicator

Test to confirm the probability of no-failure operation of the SC (UE) of the shear type

1 - bellows compensator; 2 - bottom cap; 3 - top cap; 4, 6 - earring; 5 - adapter; 7 - hydraulic cylinder rod; 8, 9 - flexible hose; 10 - pressure gauge; 11 - pump; 12, 13 - shut-off valve; 14 - safety valve; 15 - clamp; 16 - stand; 17 - limit switch; 18 - pressure bar; 19 - indicator

PROCEDURE FOR ACCOUNTING, STORAGE, HANDLING AND DISTRIBUTION OF TEST DOCUMENTS

1. Accounting, storage and circulation of documents

1.1. The originals (the first typewritten copies) of the kits, including the test certificate (test reports), test reports and annexes thereto, are subject to accounting and storage in the technical documentation department (OTD) or the technical documentation bureau (BTD) of the enterprise that registered the act (Appendix 3 ).

1.2. The original set of documents is stored in folders in an unbound form for the possibility of re-copying or making a duplicate, if the stamp of the document does not require a special procedure for accounting and storage.

General rules for acceptance of original documents for storage, accounting, storage and circulation - in accordance with GOST 2.501.

1.3. Accounting, storage and circulation of copies of documents is carried out in accordance with the rules established by GOST 2.501. Storage of documents at the development enterprises is carried out in the case of NTD for these products.

1.4. The period of storage of test documents is 5 years, but not less than the period of periodic tests.

2.3. The transfer of the original documents of acceptance tests is carried out by decision of the Ministry (department) according to the subordination of the enterprise that conducted the tests.

INFORMATION DATA

1. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the USSR State Committee for Product Quality Management and Standards dated October 25, 1990 No. 2686

2. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

3 REFERENCED REGULATORY DOCUMENTS

The certification of test equipment is carried out on the basis of the Law of the Russian Federation "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements" and is regulated by the requirements of GOST 8.568 "GSI. Test equipment certification. Basic Provisions”, as well as the current norms and rules of metrological support.

In accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.568, when certifying test equipment, only measuring instruments of an approved type that have passed the relevant state tests according to PR 50.2.009 - 94 should be used. If the certified test equipment is intended for testing objects that fall within the scope of the Law of the Russian Federation "On ensuring the uniformity of measurements ”, they must be verified according to PR 50.2.006 - 94. If the certified equipment is intended for testing in the interests of security and defense, measuring instruments that have passed state tests and approved in accordance with GOST RV 8.560 must be used. In all other cases, the measuring instruments used for certification of test equipment must be calibrated, as required by the Law of the Russian Federation "On Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements".

The measurement procedures used for certification must be standardized or certified in accordance with GOST 8.563. It is allowed to use non-certified methods only if the accuracy parameters of the obtained measurement results are not known in advance.

In accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.568, any test equipment is subject to certification.

In the text of the specified GOST, terms and definitions are not given, but references are given to GOST 16504 “SGIP. Testing and quality control of products. Basic terms and definitions”. This regulatory document establishes the terms and definitions of the basic concepts used in science, technology and production in the field of testing and product quality control.

The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in the documentation of all types of scientific, technical, educational and reference literature.

There is one standardized term for each concept. The use of synonymous terms for the standardized term is prohibited.

Terms marked with an asterisk (*) are approximate equivalents. Let's consider the main ones.

Tests* - experimental determination of quantitative and (or) qualitative characteristics of the properties of the test object as a result of impact on it, during its operation, when modeling the object and (or) impacts.

The most important feature of any tests is the adoption of certain decisions based on their results. Another sign of testing is the setting of certain test conditions (real or simulated), which is understood as a set of effects on the object and modes of operation of the object.

The determination of the characteristics of an object during testing can be carried out both during the operation of the object and in the absence of operation, in the presence of impacts, before or after their application.

Test conditions - a set of influencing factors and (or) modes of operation of an object during testing.

Test conditions include external influencing factors, both natural and artificial, as well as internal influences caused by the operation of the object (for example, heating caused by friction or passing electric current), and modes of operation of the object, methods and place of its installation, mounting, fastening, speed of movement, etc.

Normal test conditions * - test conditions established by the regulatory and technical documentation for this type of product.

Test object* - products being tested. The main feature of the test object is that, based on the results of its tests, one or another decision is made on this object: on its suitability or marriage, the possibility of presenting it for the next test, the possibility of serial production, etc.

Test method - rules for the application of certain principles and means of testing.

Test program* - an organizational and methodological document that is mandatory for implementation, establishing the object and objectives of the tests, the types, sequence and scope of the experiments, the procedure, conditions, place and timing of the tests, provision and reporting on them, as well as responsibility for ensuring and conducting tests.

Test methodology* - an organizational and methodological document that is mandatory for implementation, including a test method, test tools and conditions, sampling, algorithms for performing operations to determine one or more interrelated characteristics of object properties, data presentation forms and evaluation of accuracy, reliability of results, safety and environmental requirements.

Test tool* - a technical device (substance) and (or) material for testing.

The concept of a test tool covers any technical means used in testing. This includes, first of all, test equipment, which refers to the means of reproducing test conditions. Test tools include measuring instruments, both built into the test equipment and used in tests to measure certain characteristics of an object or control test conditions. Test tools should also include auxiliary technical devices for fixing the test object, recording and processing the results.

Test equipment - a test tool, which is a technical device for reproducing test conditions. Since the term "test equipment" as a test tool for reproducing test conditions fully covers all interpretations of the concept "test bench", then, accordingly, the test bench is a test equipment.

Certification of test equipment - determination of the normalized accuracy characteristics of test equipment. Their compliance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation and the establishment of the suitability of this equipment for operation.

The accuracy of test results is a test property characterized by the closeness of test results to the actual values ​​of the characteristics of an object under certain test conditions.

Test report - a document containing the necessary information about the test object, the methods used, means and test conditions, test results, as well as a conclusion on the test results, drawn up in the prescribed manner.

Test unit - a unit of the organization, which is entrusted by the management of the latter with conducting tests for its own needs.

In accordance with GOST 8.568, the main purpose of certification of test equipment is to confirm the possibility of reproducing test conditions within tolerances and to establish the suitability of using test equipment in accordance with its purpose.

This suggests that in the process of certification (especially primary) it is necessary to determine the ranges of conditions recreated by the test equipment (test modes, loads, etc.) and the actual values ​​of the errors of their setting in accordance with the purpose of this test equipment and given conditions tests.

One of the features of GOST 8.568 is that it requires primary certification when testing equipment is put into operation in a given testing department, regardless of whether it was previously certified. Test equipment that has previously passed primary certification is subject to periodic certification during operation. In case of repair, modernization, foundation work or any other work that may affect the technical characteristics of the test equipment, it is subject to requalification. This GOST emphasizes that for the certification of testing equipment used for the purpose of mandatory certification of products, when testing products for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards and in the manufacture of products supplied under contracts for state needs, measuring instruments of approved types must be used in accordance with the PR 50.2.009, which must be verified, measurement procedures must be certified in accordance with the requirements of GOST 8.563.

If the test equipment is intended for testing products by order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the measuring instruments used must be tested and type approved in accordance with GOST RV 8.560.

It should be borne in mind that the previously used term "accuracy characteristics" of test equipment, established in GOST 16504, is not used in GOST 8.568: it is replaced by the term "technical characteristics" of test equipment, although it is indicated that they must be within the established limits, i.e. e. the error values ​​of these characteristics must be specified.

Primary certification of test equipment

The primary certification of test equipment consists in the examination of operational and design documentation (if the latter is available), on the basis of which the installation of test equipment was carried out, the experimental determination of its specifications and confirming the suitability of the use of this equipment in accordance with its purpose. Primary certification is carried out in accordance with the current regulatory documents for certification methods for a certain type of test equipment and (or) programs and certification methods for specific equipment. The program and methodology (one document program-methodology - PM is allowed) for the primary certification of test equipment are developed by the organization (enterprise) that conducts this certification. Since the objects of primary certification are specific test equipment with a certain list of standardized technical characteristics, it is necessary to reasonably select from this list the characteristics to be determined or controlled. In this case, it is necessary to pay special attention to those technical characteristics that are not measured (not controlled) during testing.

For example, if an electrical pulse generator is used as a test equipment, then it is necessary to determine the shape of the given pulse, the coefficient of non-linear distortion, the range of amplitude and frequency of the output signal, since the value of frequency and amplitude is measured by built-in measuring instruments. These tools make it possible to measure the characteristics of the output signal, but they cannot give information about how. with what accuracy can a signal be set, i.e. do not determine the capabilities of the test equipment in terms of the accuracy characteristics of the set mode. Thus, when certifying this test equipment, it is necessary to determine the actual values ​​of the frequency and amplitude ranges, the shape of the signal setting, the error in setting the frequency and amplitude values, and the stability of the output signal. Naturally, the built-in measuring instruments must be verified and have valid corresponding marks on this verification (calibration).

The primary certification of testing equipment is carried out by a commission appointed by the head of the organization (enterprise) that owns the equipment being certified. The committee includes representatives from:

Subdivisions of the enterprise (organization) conducting tests using this test equipment;

Metrological service of the enterprise (organization) whose subdivision conducts tests;

State scientific metrological centers and (or) bodies of the state metrological service when using test equipment designed to test products for the purpose of their mandatory certification or for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards in the manufacture of products supplied under contracts for state needs.

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (SSI). Test equipment certification. Basic provisions (with Amendment No. 1)

GOST R 8.568-97

Group T80

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements

APPROVAL OF TESTING EQUIPMENT

Basic provisions

State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.
Verification of testing equipment. general principles

Comparison text of GOST R 8.568-97 with GOST R 8.568-2017, see link.
- Database manufacturer's note.
____________________________________________________________________

OKS 03.120.20
17.020
OKSTU 0008

Introduction date 1998-07-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the All-Russian Research Institute of Metrological Service (VNIIMS) of the State Standard of Russia

INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 53 "General norms and rules of the CSI"

2 ADOPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated November 10, 1997 N 364

3 This standard implements the norms Law of the Russian Federation "On Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements" and Law of the Russian Federation "On certification of products and services" *
________________
Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Technical Regulation". - Database manufacturer's note.

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

5 EDITION (February 2007) with Change No. 1, adopted in October 2002 (IUS 1-2003), Amendment (IUS 4-2004)

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This standard establishes the basic provisions and procedure for the certification of test equipment.

2 Normative references

This standard uses references to the following standards:

GOST 2.601-2006 Unified system of design documentation. Operating documents

GOST 16504-81 The system of state testing of products. Testing and quality control of products. Basic terms and definitions

GOST R 8.563-96* State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Measurement techniques
________________
* In the territory Russian Federation the document is not valid. Active GOST R 8.563-2009, hereinafter in the text. - Database manufacturer's note.

GOST R 51672-2000 Metrological assurance of product testing for the purposes of conformity assessment. Basic provisions

3 Definitions

In this standard, terms with the corresponding definitions apply. GOST 16504 and GOST R 51672, including:

3.1 test equipment: Test tool, which is a technical device for reproducing test conditions.

3.2 certification of test equipment: Determination of the normalized accuracy characteristics of test equipment, their compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents and the establishment of the suitability of this equipment for operation.

3.3 test tool: Technical device, substance and (or) material for testing.

3.4 test conditions: A set of influencing factors and (or) modes of operation of an object during testing.

3.5 testing organization: An organization that, in accordance with the established procedure, is entrusted with testing certain types of products or carrying out certain types of tests.

3.6 testing unit: A subdivision of an organization (enterprise) to which the management of the latter is entrusted with conducting tests for its own needs.

3.7 reproducibility of test results- on GOST R 51672.

Sections 2, 3

4 General provisions

4.1 The main purpose of the certification of test equipment is to confirm the possibility of reproducing test conditions within the tolerances and to establish the suitability of using the test equipment in accordance with its purpose.

4.2 When commissioned in this test department, the test equipment is subjected to primary qualification.

Note - Test equipment, the primary certification of which was carried out in this test department according to GOST 24555-81* prior to the date of entry into force of this standard, re-primary certification is not subject.
________________
* The document is not valid on the territory of the Russian Federation. GOST R 8.568-97 is valid. - Database manufacturer's note.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.3 During operation, the test equipment is subject to periodic certification at intervals specified in the operational documentation for the test equipment or during its initial certification.

Note - The time intervals for periodic certification can be established based on the results of monitoring the condition of the test equipment during its operation; for different parts of the test equipment, these intervals may be different.

4.4 In case of repair or modernization of test equipment, work with the foundation on which it is installed, movement of stationary test equipment and other reasons that may cause changes in the reproduction characteristics of test conditions, the test equipment is subject to re-certification.

4.5 To certify the testing equipment used in the mandatory certification of products, when testing products for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards and in the manufacture of products supplied under contracts for state needs, including for the needs of the defense and security sector, measuring instruments of approved types must be used, copies of measuring instruments must be verified, measurement procedures must be certified in accordance with GOST R 8.563.

When certifying test equipment for testing products used in other areas, verified or calibrated measuring instruments should be used.

4.6 Testing, verification and calibration of measuring instruments used as test instruments or as part of test equipment is carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents of the state system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements.

Types of measuring instruments built into test equipment used to test products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector must be approved in accordance with the procedure established for this field.

Note - The measuring instruments built into the test equipment must be of approved types, undergo initial verification and be subject to periodic verification during the operation of the test equipment, if it is possible to withdraw them for verification. If the design of the test equipment does not allow the removal of the built-in measuring instrument for its periodic verification, then the equipment developer must provide for the possibility of its verification during operation without dismantling, for example, using portable verification tools, etc.

4.5, 4.6 (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.7 Test equipment transported during use is subject to primary certification only when it is put into operation in accordance with 4.2 of this standard.

5 Initial qualification of test equipment

5.1 Primary certification of test equipment consists in the examination of operational and design documentation (if the latter is available), on the basis of which the test equipment was installed, experimental determination of its technical characteristics and confirmation of the suitability of using the test equipment.

5.2 Primary certification of test equipment is carried out in accordance with the current regulatory documents for certification methods for a certain type of testing equipment and (or) programs and methods for certification of specific equipment.

Programs and methods for certification of test equipment used in testing products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector must undergo a metrological examination in the manner established for this field.

5.3 The objects of primary certification are specific test equipment with standardized technical characteristics for reproducing test conditions and, if available, information support (for example, computer, software and (or) provision of functioning algorithms).

5.2, 5.3 (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5.4 The technical characteristics of the test equipment to be determined or controlled during the initial certification are selected from among the normalized technical characteristics established in the technical documentation and determining the possibility of reproducing test conditions in the specified ranges with allowable deviations within a specified time interval.

5.5 Primary certification of test equipment is carried out by a commission appointed by the head of the enterprise (organization) in agreement with the state scientific metrological center and (or) the body of the state metrological service (32 GNII MO RF), if their representatives should participate in the work of the commission. The committee includes representatives from:

- divisions of the enterprise (organization) conducting tests on this test equipment;

- the metrological service of the enterprise (organization), the subdivision of which conducts product testing;

State scientific metrological centers and (or) bodies of the state metrological service when using test equipment for testing products for the purpose of its mandatory certification or testing for compliance with the mandatory requirements of state standards or in the production of products supplied under contracts for state needs (for the needs of the defense and security sector - 32 GNIII MO RF);

- the customer at the enterprise in the case of using test equipment for testing products supplied under contracts for the needs of the defense and security sector.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5.5.1 Primary certification of test equipment (with the exception of test equipment used to test products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector) can be carried out on a contractual basis by accredited in accordance with PR 50.2.008 head and basic organizations of the metrological service (according to the scope of their accreditation).

Initial certification of test equipment used to test products supplied for the needs of the defense and security sector can be carried out on a contractual basis by organizations accredited in accordance with MI 2647.

(Introduced additionally, Rev. N 1).

5.6 Test departments submit test equipment for primary certification with technical documentation and technical means necessary for his normal functioning and for initial certification. The submitted technical documentation should include:

- operating documents GOST 2.601, including the form, if available (for imported equipment - operational documents of the manufacturer, translated into Russian);

- program and methodology for primary certification of test equipment;

- the methodology for periodic certification of test equipment during operation, if it is not set out in the operational documents.

The program and methodology for the primary certification of test equipment can be developed by the department conducting the tests.

Note - The methodology for the initial certification of test equipment has no validity period, and if it satisfies the requirements for the certified test equipment in terms of accuracy and reproducibility, it can be used by the testing department in the future to certify the same type of test equipment of a similar purpose, regardless of the timing of its introduction into operation.


(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5.7 In the process of primary certification, the following is established:

- the possibility of reproducing external influencing factors and (or) modes of operation of the test object, established in the documents for testing methods for products of specific types;

- deviations of characteristics of test conditions from normalized values;

- ensuring the safety of personnel and the absence of harmful effects on the environment;

The list of characteristics of the test equipment, which are checked during the periodic certification of equipment, methods, means and frequency of its implementation.

5.8 The results of the primary certification are drawn up in a protocol.

The content of the protocol for the initial certification of test equipment is given in Appendix A.

The protocol for the primary certification of test equipment is signed by the chairman and members of the commission who conducted the primary certification.

5.9 If the results of the primary certification are positive, on the basis of the primary certification protocol, a certificate is drawn up in the form given in Appendix B.

The certificate is signed by the head of the enterprise (organization), in the subdivision of which the primary certification of the test equipment was carried out.

5.10 Negative results of the primary certification are indicated in the protocol.

5.11 Information about the issued certificate (number and date of issue), the obtained values ​​​​of the characteristics of the test equipment, as well as the period for the subsequent periodic certification of the test equipment and the frequency of its conduct during operation, are entered in a form or a specially kept journal.

6 Periodic qualification of test equipment

6.1 Periodic certification of test equipment during its operation is carried out to the extent necessary to confirm the compliance of the characteristics of the test equipment with the requirements of regulatory documents for test procedures and operational documents for equipment and its suitability for further use.

The nomenclature of the tested characteristics of the testing equipment and the scope of operations during its periodic certification are established during the initial certification of the equipment, based on the normalized technical characteristics of the equipment and those characteristics of specific products that are determined during testing.

6.2 Periodic certification of test equipment during its operation is carried out by employees of the department in which the equipment is installed, authorized by the head of the department to perform this work, and representatives of the metrological service of the enterprise.

6.3 The results of the periodic certification of the test equipment are drawn up in a protocol, the contents of which are given in Appendix B. The protocol with the results of the periodic certification is signed by the persons who conducted it. The protocol is approved by the head of the enterprise (organization).

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

6.4 If the results of the periodic certification are positive, an appropriate mark is made in the passport (form), and a tag is attached to the test equipment indicating the date of the certification and the period for subsequent periodic certification.

6.5 In case of negative results of periodic certification, the protocol indicates the measures necessary to bring the technical characteristics of the test equipment to the required values.

7 Requalification of test equipment

7.1 Requalification of test equipment after repair or modernization (see 4.4 of this standard) is carried out in the manner established for the initial qualification of test equipment in section 5 of this standard.

(Revised edition, Rev. N 1; Amendment).

7.2 Re-qualification of test equipment after carrying out work with the foundation on which it is installed, or moving stationary test equipment, or caused by other reasons that may cause changes in the reproduction characteristics of test conditions, is carried out in the manner prescribed in 6.2-6.4 of this standard.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

APPENDIX A (recommended). Protocol for the initial qualification of test equipment

A.1 The protocol for the initial certification of test equipment contains the following data:

A.1.1 The composition of the commission, indicating the name, position, name of the enterprise (organization).

A.1.2 Basic information about the test equipment [name, type, serial (inventory) number, name of the manufacturer].

A.1.3 Verifiable characteristics of the test equipment.

A.1.4 Conditions for conducting primary certification: temperature, humidity, illumination, etc.

A.1.5 Documents used for primary certification: certification program and methodology, standards, specifications, operational documents, etc.

A.1.6 Characteristics of measuring instruments used for primary certification of test equipment:

Name;

type;

factory (inventory) number;

manufacturer;

verification (calibration) information.

Note - Instead of the content of the protocol according to A.1.5 and A.1.6, relevant documents can be attached.

A.1.7 Results of initial qualification

A.1.7.1 External examination [completeness, absence of damage, functioning of components, assemblies, availability of valid documents for verification (calibration) methods of built-in or included measuring instruments].

A.1.7.2 Characteristic values ​​of the test equipment obtained during the initial qualification.

A.1.8 Conclusion of the commission on the compliance of the testing equipment with the requirements of regulatory documents for testing equipment and methods for testing products of specific types and the possibility of using testing equipment for testing them.

A.1.9.1 The list of normalized characteristics that are determined during the periodic certification of test equipment during its operation.

A.1.9.2 Frequency of periodic qualification of test equipment during its operation.

CERTIFICATE N ____________

APPENDIX B (recommended). Protocol for periodic (re-) certification of test equipment

B.1 The protocol of periodic (re-) certification of test equipment contains the following data:

B.1.1 Basic information about the test equipment [name, type, serial (inventory) number, name of the manufacturer].

B.1.2 Verifiable characteristics of the test equipment.

B.1.3 Conditions for conducting periodic (repeated) certification: temperature, humidity, illumination, etc.

B.1.4 Results of periodic (repeated) certification

B.1.4.1 External examination [absence of damage, functioning of components, assemblies, availability of operational documents for testing equipment and documents confirming information on verification (calibration) of built-in or included measuring instruments].

B.1.4.2 Characteristics of measuring instruments used for periodic (re-) certification of test equipment [name, type, serial (inventory) number, name of the manufacturer], and information about their verification (calibration).

B.1.4.3 Test equipment performance values ​​from previous qualification.

Note - Instead of the content of the protocol according to B.1.4.2 and B.1.4.3, relevant documents can be attached.

B.1.4.4 Characteristic values ​​of test equipment obtained during periodic (repeated) qualification.

B.1.5 Conclusion on the compliance of the test equipment with the requirements of regulatory and operational documents for test equipment and test procedures for specific types of products.

APPENDIX D (reference). Bibliography

APPENDIX D
(reference)

PR 50.2.008-94 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The procedure for accreditation of the head and base organizations of the metrological service of state government bodies of the Russian Federation and associations of legal entities

MI 2647-2001 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The procedure for accreditation of organizations for the right to certify test equipment used in the interests of defense and security*

APPENDIX D (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

Electronic text of the document
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:

official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2008

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (SSI). Test equipment certification. Basic provisions (with Amendment No. 1)

GOST R 8.568-97 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements (SSI). Test equipment certification. Basic provisions (with Amendment No. 1)