Encyclopedia of fairy tale characters: Chukovsky K. "Cockroach". Great Jews: Korney Chukovsky and his Cockroach! cockroach analysis
Title of the work: "Cockroach".
Number of pages: 9.
Genre of the work: fairy tale in verse.
Main characters: Cockroach, Crayfish, Hippo, Kangaroo, Sparrow, animals.
Characteristics of the main characters:
Cockroach- evil and scary.
All the animals around him were afraid of him.
I considered myself the most powerful.
Sparrow- bold and courageous.
He opened the eyes of the beasts.
Ate an evil cockroach.
Beasts- cowardly and fearful.
They thought that the cockroach is a terrible monster.
Silly and naive.
Summary of the fairy tale "Cockroach" for the reader's diary
Once forest animals were frightened of a strange monster.
A terrible cockroach was walking towards them.
The animals were so frightened of him that they all scattered along the ditches and minks.
Then the Hippo decided that whoever defeats the evil and terrible Cockroach will receive the best rewards.
At first, crocodiles and whales volunteered to drive the Cockroach away, but they themselves were frightened of him and ran away.
Then the Hippo began to call the bulls and rhinos, only the animals were also afraid to go out, so that the Cockroach would not damage their skin.
So the Cockroach became invincible.
He wanted the forest animals to bring him their children and he would eat them.
The animals were frightened and began to cry - no one wanted to take their children to death.
But then a Kangaroo appeared and shamed the animals.
After all, the Cockroach was small, and the animals were huge and toothy.
But the forest inhabitants did not want to listen to her, but only shouted that she, too, should hide from the villain.
Suddenly Sparrow flew in and pecked at the Cockroach.
So the villain was defeated.
All the animals were delighted and began to praise Sparrow.
And the elephant danced so happily that he knocked the moon out of the sky.
Plan for retelling the work "Cockroach" by K. Chukovsky
1. Forest animals ride bicycles and rejoice.
2. The appearance of a terrible cockroach.
3. The cockroach wants to swallow the animals.
4. Cancers move backwards.
5. Hippo asks the animals to drive away the Cockroach.
6. Crocodiles and whales rush into battle, but surrender.
7. Rhinos and bulls are afraid to damage the skin.
8. Cockroach - master of beasts.
9. The cockroach asks to bring the children to him for dinner.
10. Kangaroo laughs at the giant.
11. A sparrow pecks a cockroach.
12. Animal family glorifies Sparrow.
Children's drawing-illustration of the fairy tale "Cockroach"
The main idea of the poem "Cockroach" by K. Chukovsky
The main idea of the tale can be characterized by the proverb "Fear has large eyes."
The animals were so frightened by the important appearance of the Cockroach that they did not even notice how small and fearless he was against them.
What does the fairy tale "Cockroach" by K. Chukovsky teach
The fairy tale teaches us that we should not be afraid, but we must boldly overcome all our fears.
The tale teaches that one should not believe the opinions of others, but personally understand the current situation.
The fairy tale teaches us to be fearless, brave and quick-witted.
A brief review of the fairy tale "Cockroach" for the reader's diary
The tale "Cockroach" is a funny and instructive work.
The forest dwellers lived quietly and rejoiced until a strange and terrible monster appeared - the Cockroach.
He so intimidated all the animals that no one dared to rebuff him.
Therefore, the Cockroach became the master of all animals.
I believe that the animals mistook the Cockroach for a terrible villain due to the fact that they had never seen him before.
For me, the real heroes were Kangaroo and Sparrow.
Only they ridiculed the Cockroach and defeated him.
The passage or episode that struck you the most:
And Hippo cried out: “What a shame, what a shame!
Hey bulls and rhinos
Get out of the den
Pick it up!
But bulls and rhinos
Answer from the den:
"We would be the enemy
On the horns would
Only the skin is expensive
And the horns aren't cheap these days either."
What proverbs are suitable for the fairy tale "Cockroach" by K. Chukovsky
"The devil is not so terrible as he is painted."
"Fear has big eyes".
"Fear eyes climb."
"Where there is fear, there is shame."
"A coward takes a cockroach for a giant."
Unknown words and their meanings
The barbel is a fish with a long mustache.
Strekach - quickly run away.
Nautek - flight.
The dandy is big and rich.
Head over heels - roll down quickly.
In January, “when the Arabs surprised the world by rebelling against their decrepit dictators, my two-year-old son and I were reading the classic Russian children’s literature, The Cockroach,” writes in his article in Newsweek Philip Shishkin, Research Fellow, Asia Society.
In those crazy days when the Arabs surprised the world by rebelling against their aging dictators, my two-year-old son and I read the classic Russian children's book, The Cockroach. It tells how in a kingdom in which various animals live happily and chew gingerbread, a “terrible giant, a red and mustachioed cockroach” appears and begins to intimidate much larger animals, demanding that they give him the animals so that he can eat them for dinner . The animals turn into a weeping and trembling herd. Wolves eat each other out of fear. The elephant is trembling so much that she stumbles and sits on the hedgehog.
The cockroach reigns supreme until a joking kangaroo points out that it is not a giant at all, but an ordinary insect. The hippopotamuses ask the impudent marsupial to shut up - “no matter how bad it is for us,” but then a sparrow flies in and swallows a cockroach. The animals rejoice.
It's hard not to take this tale as an allegory for the rise and fall of dictators.
Despots look invincible when they rule, and ridiculously weak when they are overthrown. As soon as subjects openly challenge their farce, dictators begin to look extremely ridiculous. Often, in response, they begin to kill and throw people into prison, which is how they buy themselves some more time in power (Iran, Belarus and Uzbekistan immediately come to mind). But just as often, when faced with truly popular action, dictators quickly shrink to the size of their inner cockroach. Tunisia is just another example of this. As of this writing, Egypt's longtime ruler is facing mass protests and demands for resignation.
Korney Chukovsky, author of such hilarious children's classics as Doctor Aibolit and Crocodile, wrote The Cockroach in the early 1920s. Did he mean Stalin? To some readers, the cockroach mustache is reminiscent of the Soviet dictator's famous mustache. The Russian poet Osip Mandelstam, arrested and hunted to death during Stalin's purges, spread the metaphor when he wrote in 1934: "The cockroaches laugh their whiskers, and their bootlegs shine."
However, the intentions of the author himself were not so obvious. In 1921, when Chukovsky began writing The Cockroach, Stalin was a relatively obscure Georgian thug just beginning to make his way to the top of the communist hierarchy. Only after many years will he deserve that bloody glory, which could give rise to satire. Chukovsky himself denied the presence of such hints in his tale, even at a time when their existence could already be safely recognized. The question also remains of how The Cockroach could have gotten past the Soviet censorship that kept out much more innocuous works? According to one theory, satire - if it really was present - was so harsh that to admit its existence would mean discrediting the authorities.
Stalin himself used the image of a cockroach for his own political purposes. In 1930, speaking at a convention Communist Party, he attacked the dissident communists. “A cockroach rustled somewhere, not having yet had time to get out properly from the hole, - and they are already shying back, horrified and starting to scream ... about the death of Soviet power,” Stalin told the congress delegates. “We calm them down and try to convince them… that it’s just a cockroach that you shouldn’t be afraid of.” Many years later, Chukovsky grumbled in his diary about "plagiarism" on Stalin's part: "He retold my whole fairy tale and did not refer to the author."
In the 1990s, when Russia began to dig up the Stalinist past, The Cockroach began to be so actively reinterpreted that the author's granddaughter felt obliged to have her say. In her newspaper article, she cited Chukovsky's complaints about people who "seek out hidden political meaning" in his fairy tales, and reminded readers that The Cockroach came out too early to be referring to Stalin. However, further Elena Chukovskaya mysteriously remarked: “The future casts its shadow on the present. And art knows how to show this shadow before the one who casts it appears. So, is it Stalin or not? ““Cockroach” is the same Stalin as any other dictator in the world,” she said.
Philip Shishkin is a visiting scholar at the Asia Society.
Reminded me of a few things:
1) An excerpt from a book Evgenia Ginzburg, "Steep route":
"Almost all these fairy tales I remembered by heart and often read to children in kindergarten, where there were no Chukovsky books at all. But now, in order to please Krivoshey, I immediately began to read them aloud, turning over the beautiful varnished pages. And then we stumbled upon the "Cockroach", which, of course, we knew before, but somehow did not comprehend. I read: "So the Cockroach became the winner and the forests and the seas the lord. The animals submitted to the mustachioed, so that he would fail, damned ..." And suddenly we were all struck by the second meaning of the verse. I laughed. Anton laughed at the same time. But Krivoshey suddenly became extraordinarily serious. The lenses of his glasses flashed with friable sparks.
- What did you think? he exclaimed with extraordinary excitement. - Really ... Did Chukovsky dare?
Instead of answering, I pointedly read further:
- "And he walks among the animals, stroking his gilded belly ... Bring me, animals, your children, I eat them at dinner today ..."
- Did Chukovsky dare? - with some simply unprecedented excitement repeated Krivoshey.
I didn't hesitate to answer. (The bird continued merrily along the path of disaster!)
- I don’t know if Chukovsky wanted this. Probably, not. But objectively, that's just the way it works! Here, listen to how the animals reacted: “And they sit and tremble under the bushes, hide behind green bumps. You can only see how the ears are trembling, you can only hear how the teeth are chattering ...” Or this: “The wolves ate each other out of fear ..."
Krivoshey, not stopping for a moment, paced the room. He rubbed his hands, squeezing his fingers so tightly that they turned white. - Brilliant political satire! It's impossible that no one has noticed... It's just that everyone is afraid to say that such a thing could come into his head... Such a...
After the guest left, Anton said displeasedly:
- I have some leftovers. And why is he so excited? It would not be necessary about the Cockroach ... We still lack the case of lèse majesté. No, Krivoshey, of course, will not tell anyone, but in general ... Let's agree: not a word about this to anyone else.
Calls for caution on the part of the reckless in the sense of freedom of expression Anton made an impression on me. And to no one else, not a single soul, I expressed my thoughts about the Cockroach.
2) On March 9, 1956, shortly after Khrushchev's "Secret Report" at the Twentieth Congress, K. Chukovsky made the following entry in his diary: When I told Kazakevich that, in spite of everything, I loved Stalin very much, but wrote less about him than others, Kazakevich said:
And "Cockroach"?! It is entirely dedicated to Stalin.
In vain did I say that I wrote "Cockroach" in 1921, that it budded from "Crocodile" in me - he brilliantly illustrated his idea with quotations from "T-shcha".
And then I remembered that he, I.V., was quoting "T-shche". Stalin, I think, at the 16th Congress. "A cockroach rustled somewhere" - this is how his plagiarism began. Then he retold my whole story and did not refer to the author. All "ordinary people" are shocked by the revelations of Stalin as a mediocre commander, a ferocious administrator who violated all the points of his own Constitution. "So the Pravda newspaper was the Lie newspaper, a 7th grade schoolboy told me today"
3) Vadim Kozhinov recalled a funny incident from his youth, which came just in the years of the Khrushchev “thaw”. " At that time, hiding the irony, I assured other ingenuous interlocutors with some success that the year 1937 was excellently depicted in Korney Chukovsky's popular verse fairy tale "Cockroach". At first, a joyful picture of the “achievements of the first five-year plans” is drawn there: “Bears rode a bicycle ... Bunnies - in a tram, a toad - on a broomstick ... They ride and laugh, they chew gingerbread, etc. But, alas, 1937 is coming: “Suddenly from the gateway - a terrible giant, red-haired (here I reported that Iosif Vissarionovich was reddish before he turned gray) and a mustachioed ta-ra-kan. He rumbles and growls and moves his mustache: “Bring your children to me, I eat them at dinner today” ... The animals trembled - they fainted. The wolves ate each other out of fright (what an accurate picture of 1937! - I commented), and the elephant, all trembling, sat down on hedgehog”, - of course, on the famous people's commissar with a “successful” surname!
At the same time, I, of course, kept silent about the fact that the fairy tale “Cockroach” was published not in 1938, but back in 1923, and many of those to whom I read the lines just quoted admired both the accuracy and the rare boldness of the work. Chukovsky ... And in the end, it was precisely this “interpretation” of 1937 that was presented in the writings about Stalin written by the son of Antonov-Ovseenko, or by the high-ranking army party apparatchik Volkogonov, or the writer Radzinsky, - writings that to this day are carried away by wide circles of people who do not give realize that the basis of the “methodology” of these authors is, as it were, the same “model” that formed the basis of the “Cockroach” that fascinated them in their childhood ...».
The main characters of the fairy tale "Cockroach" - animals, birds, insects merrily travel on different types transport. But they are blocked by a terrible monster - a mustachioed cockroach that threatens to eat the cheerful travelers. Frightened by a cockroach and its huge mustache, some heroes of the tale faint, others scatter in different directions. Hippo tries to cheer them up, but the animals do not listen to him.
As a result, the cockroach became the master of fields and forests, and everyone obeyed him. The cockroach began to demand that the animals bring their children to him to be eaten. The frightened parents were very sorry to give their beloved children to the reprisal of the mustachioed monster, and they shed bitter tears.
Animals tried to cheer up a kangaroo, jumping one morning. She convinced the frightened heroes of the tale that the cockroach is not as scary as it seems and that it can be defeated. But the animals did not believe the kangaroo and advised her to go away.
Sparrow saved the situation. He flew in from distant fields, chirped merrily and pecked at a terrible cockroach. Everyone was delighted and began to glorify Sparrow. And then they began to celebrate the victory over the terrible monster. Takovo summary fairy tales.
The main meaning of the fairy tale "Cockroach" is that often the fear of something or someone is completely unreasonable. People themselves come up with reasons for fear, and become prisoners of this feeling. The fairy tale teaches to objectively assess the situation and not to succumb to groundless fears.
In the fairy tale, I liked Sparrow, who was not at all afraid of the evil mustachioed monster. He flew in and pecked at the cockroach, relieving all the animals of their baseless fears.
What proverbs are suitable for the fairy tale "Cockroach"?
Fear walks on cockroach legs.
Fear has big eyes.
Fear takes away power.
L.-M., Raduga, 1923. 16 p. from ill. Circulation 7000 copies. In publisher's chromolithographed cover. 28.2x22 cm. The rarest first edition!
Who does not remember the legendary lines:
The bears rode
By bike.
And behind them a cat
Backwards.
And behind him mosquitoes
On a balloon.
And behind them crayfish
On a lame dog.
Wolves on a mare.
Lions in the car.
Bunnies
In a tram.
Toad on a broom...
They ride and laugh
Gingerbread chews.
Suddenly from the gateway
scary giant,
Red and mustachioed
Cockroach!
Cockroach, Cockroach, Cockroach!
He growls and screams
And his mustache moves:
"Wait, don't rush
I'll swallow you up in no time!
I will swallow, I will swallow, I will not have mercy "
The animals trembled
They fell into a faint.
Wolves from fear
They ate each other.
poor crocodile
Toad swallowed.
And the elephant, all trembling,
So I sat down on a hedgehog.
"Cockroach" - a fairy tale for children by Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky. He talks about how all the animals were afraid of a cockroach, for completely incomprehensible reasons. He seemed to them huge, mustachioed and, well, very scary. Once a sparrow flew to those places, and once ate a cockroach. The animals had such joy ...
Whenever Chukovsky seems to have been finally destroyed, crushed, crushed under a boot and thrown into the dustbin of history, he finds the strength to rise and sit down at the desk. And the restless Chukovskaya muse - either taking pity, or condescending, or simply running and playing enough ball somewhere behind the rainbow - appears, and a miracle occurs, which in the language of writers is denoted by the modest word "written." Half-ill, half-starved K. I. was sitting in Olgin in the summer of 1922, and he wrote: “Rhymes have been knocking in my brain all day long. Today I sat all day from 8 o'clock in the morning until half past 8 o'clock in the evening - and it seemed that I wrote with inspiration, but now at night I crossed out almost everything. However, in general, the "Cockroach" has moved a lot. Then there will be disappointments, as usual: “I didn’t like the Cockroach. At all. It seems like wooden and dead nonsense - and therefore I want to get down to the "language". And again, painstaking work on each phrase. The final version of "Cockroach" is five pages of text. Chukovsky worked on them for a very long time, writing (and then rejecting) a lot of options - seemingly good and strong - but unnecessary: “I will swindle, kill, strangle and crush”, “and behind them fallow deer on an airplane”, “and behind them chimpanzees on a goat”, “and behind him seals on a rotten log, and behind them a tarantass, in a tarantass a porcupine. And behind them, on a calf, two Amazonian lapdogs galloped in a race: beware ... "," poor elephants made their pants "(this, it seems, should have followed" the wolves ate each other out of fright "). “The cockroach got scared and climbed under the sofa - I was joking, I was joking, you didn’t understand.” The last option is truly unfortunate. There were options that were impassable and for a completely different reason:
And grasshoppers newspapermen
Ride across the fields
Shouted to the cranes
What do they have fun in Tarakanikha,
They don’t live today, but Shrovetide,
That from morning to morning
And in every ravine
Flags...
(Remember - "make funny faces"?)
Chizh answers:
I'm going to Paris.
And the jaguar said:
I'm a commissioner now
Commissioner, commissioner, commissioner.
And I ask you to obey, comrades.
Get in line, comrades.
The Cockroach began in 1921 with literary games in the Studio, which was described in detail in the memoirs of Elizaveta Polonskaya. The author, hiding behind the pseudonym "M. Tsokotuha", this is how Ex Libris-NG reports the story of the appearance of "Cockroach": "Looking through the incompletely sorted archive of Korney Chukovsky, an employee of the writer's museum found among the manuscripts sent to him for viewing a 20-page story from the life of a pre-revolutionary village (with a retrograde priest and an intelligent a peasant to whom you don’t put a finger in his mouth), signed “N. S. Katkov“. This name could not be found in modern encyclopedias. The author rather boringly and monotonously repeated the truths “long known to all” to “progressive-minded” liberal readers of the beginning of the century ... On one side of the manuscript, a pencil note made by Chukovsky was found: “N.S. has the second day of policemen. No one is allowed in or out." And then followed what only Chukovsky could write: “But there are small children in the house ...” We turn the manuscript over - and on the back, near the right margin, we find an impromptu studio impromptu inscribed in Chukovsky’s small, clear handwriting: “Bears were driving ... chewing gingerbread”, which now the “Cockroach” begins, and then, “unexpectedly for himself”, sweepingly and unevenly, like any draft, Chukovsky writes: “And behind them is a giant / Terrible and terrible / Cockroach / With a long mustache / Terrible eyes / Wait / Do not rush / Mustaches are long / Two yards / I want / I swallow. And inside the pencil sketch there is a formula, a direct focus of intersecting rays, a deafening “Red cockroach”!” The genesis of the "Cockroach" is a long story that deserves separate consideration. Any more or less well-read person will instantly establish intertextual connections between the hero of Chukovsky and the numerous cockroaches of Russian literature, by all means focusing on the work of Captain Lebyadkin (just about, and "Crocodile" is also a reference to Dostoevsky!). You can also find a lot of cockroaches in Chukovsky’s diaries and articles (“Better a small fish than a big cockroach”, etc.), you can discuss the image of a cockroach in Russian literature and even devote a separate study to it, but we will leave these games to those who they are interesting. "The Cockroach" evoked and continues to evoke research aspirations of a completely different plan in readers: this tale - more than any other work of children's literature - is usually interpreted as a political satire. We have already spoken about the long tradition of looking for a topical lining in innocent fairy tales above, in the chapter "Intelligentsia and Revolution", and we will talk below - where we will talk about the fight against "Chukovism". Who and when first discovered the resemblance of Stalin to the Cockroach is unknown. Several literary critics at once, without saying a word, point to the identity of the “cockroach mustache” of Mandelstam Stalin and the “cockroach mustache” of the hero of the fairy tale. By the time the cult of personality was debunked, the myth of the anti-Stalinism of Chukovsky's fairy tale was already in full bloom, about which there is an entry in K.I.'s diary (Kazakevich proves to him that Tarakanishche is Stalin, and Chukovsky unlocks it). Elena Tsezarevna Chukovskaya even devoted an article “Shadow of the Future” to this myth, where she wrote: “It is unlikely that in those years Chukovsky, far from party affairs, even heard of Stalin, whose name began to sound loudly only after the death of Lenin and rumbled in the minds of everyone at the end 20s. "Cockroach" - the same Stalin, like any other dictator in the world ... Obviously, the future casts a shadow on the present. And art knows how to show this shadow before the one who casts it appears. Stalin became the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the RCP(b) quite shortly before the release of "Cockroach" in the light - April 3, 1922 - and really remained in the shadows for quite a long time. Truly, talent is able to catch the subtlest fluctuations of the atmosphere, and therefore is able to predict and predict; this is not the first and not the last case of such a foresight in Chukovsky. By the way, even the atmosphere of horror and terror in the "Cockroach" is excellently conveyed:
And they sit and tremble under the bushes
Behind the swamps hiding bumps
Crocodiles nestled in nettles
Elephants were buried in the ditch.
All you can hear is teeth chattering
You can only see how the ears are trembling.
There are signs of the post-revolutionary years in the fairy tale:
"And dashing monkeys
Picked up the suitcases
And rather from all legs
Nautek…”
“I have a physiological disgust for him Trotsky,” Chukovsky later wrote in his diary. “It’s wonderful that he has the same thing for me: in his articles “Revolution and Literature,” he scolds me with the same contempt that I feel for him.”
Kondakov remarks that Trotsky "directly sneers at the critic":
“But since Chukovsky is still entirely rooted in the past, and this past, in turn, rested on a mossy and superstitious peasant, then Chukovsky puts between himself and the revolution the old transcendental national cockroach as a reconciling principle. Shame and disgrace! Shame and shame! They studied from books (on the neck of the same peasant), practiced in magazines, experienced different “epochs”, created “directions”, and when the revolution came in earnest, they opened a refuge for the national spirit in the darkest cockroach corner of the peasant’s hut.
Kondakov sees hidden attacks against Trotsky in K. I.’s fairy tales: “In the same 1923, Chukovsky answered the all-powerful Trotsky with two“ fairy tales for children ”-“ Moydodyr ”and“ Cockroach ”. In the first of them the words:
"But unclean
Chimney sweeps -
Shame and disgrace!
Shame and disgrace!"
(almost literally repeating Trotsky’s reproaches) the monster Moidodyr preaches “purity”, the very name of which contains the grotesque order to “wash” something “to holes”, i.e. until destruction, damage to the object that is being washed. Not every reader, of course, guessed that we are talking about "ideological purity" and, accordingly, about party-political purges in literature and culture in general; especially few could read Chukovsky's highly sophisticated intertext. The version is extremely seductive. Boris Paramonov also drew attention to the coincidence of “shame-and-shame”, and who wouldn’t? However, intertextual research does not necessarily lead to the truth, although it helps to build very beautiful hypotheses. Paramonov also mentions "that" Moydodyr ", according to latest research, - a satire on Mayakovsky, with whom Chukovsky also had a rather difficult relationship ... ". I. V. Kondakov suggests that Moidodyr is a caricature portrait of Trotsky, the washbasins of the chief and the washcloths of the commander: as soon as he stamps his foot, they will attack the unfortunate dirty writer, and bark, and howl, and pound with their feet ... “Political“ washstands ”, barking and howling after the slightest signal from the Bolshevik "bosses", it was full in all the editorial offices and publishing houses of Petrograd, with whom, alas, the "unclean" writer Chukovsky dealt, - this researcher further says. - A whole pack of frenzied dogs. And everywhere the writer was greeted with teachings in the form of the most vulgar prescriptions, like the simplest morality:
"I must, I must wash
Mornings and evenings…”
or
"the mice are washing,
and kittens, and ducklings, and bugs, and spiders.
Everything is fair, everything is beautiful, every bast fits into a line. Here are just "vulgar prescriptions" about washing mice Chukovsky himself mentioned (in a letter to Shklovsky, 1938) among his most affectionate and touching lines, saying that in his books there is not only humor, but there is also kindness and humanity, and tenderness ... But Moidodyr, depicted by Annenkov, has a portrait resemblance not to Mayakovsky and not to Trotsky, but to Korney Ivanovich himself (which Vladimir Glotser pointed out a long time ago) - and probably with the knowledge of the author; it is known how demanding Chukovsky was with illustrations ... But both “Moydodyr” and “Cockroach” came out much earlier than Trotsky’s book ... True, it is difficult to establish what happened before and what then: “Literature and Revolution” - 1923, and fairy tales - December 1922, but Trotsky's articles in Pravda - autumn 1922, but "Cockroach" was conceived in 1921 ... And is it necessary to establish who first said "e" ... And is there really the dialogue of the storyteller with the people's commissar, and whether to take on faith the witty hypothesis about Trotsky-Moidodyr - everyone is free to decide for himself. It remains for us, following Umberto Eco, to recall that a work gives rise to many interpretations for which its creator is not responsible in any way. Chukovsky tells quite simply about the history of the creation of "Cockroach" (in the preface to the 1961 collection): "Somehow in 1921, when I was living (and starving) in Leningrad, the famous historian P. E. Shchegolev suggested that I write for the magazine" The Past "an article about Nekrasov's satire" Contemporaries ". I became interested in this most interesting topic ... and set about studying the era when satire was created. I wrote all day with rapture, and suddenly, for no reason at all, "verses rolled over me" ... and it went, and it went... On the margins of my scientific article, I wrote, so to speak, in smuggling:
So the cockroach became the winner,
And forests and fields lord.
Beasts submitted to the mustachioed,
(For him to fail, the damned one!)".
The history of the creation of "Moydodyr" is almost unknown. Unless Chukovsky himself, in Confessions of an Old Storyteller, spoke about how long he worked on each line, how he crossed out sluggish and helpless couplets, how long it took to achieve a good sound. “The other day I leafed through my old manuscripts and, reading them carefully, I was convinced that the most clear phraseology of a fairy tale was obtained for me only after I had previously composed so many weak poems that would be enough for several fairy tales,” he admitted. - After hundreds of lines of various sizes accumulated in my notebooks, I had to select fifty or forty that most corresponded to the style and concept of the tale. Between them there was, so to speak, a struggle for existence, and the strongest survived, while the rest perished ingloriously. What about inspiration? Indeed, extraordinary joy and creative excitement, and an amazing state of "writing" when everything turns out as it should - this was familiar to Chukovsky and, perhaps, rescued him in the worst moments, giving faith in himself, his rightness, his destiny. “But in most cases, that joyful nervous upsurge, in which one writes unusually easily, as if from someone’s dictation, did not last so long for me - most often ten to fifteen minutes,” he shared his self-observations. “During these short moments, it was possible to put on paper only a small fraction of the poetic text, after which the endless search for definitive, clear imagery, chased syntactic structure and the most powerful dynamics began.” In a word, labor, labor and labor - versifier and editorial. This fairy tale came out with the subtitle "Cinematograph for Children" (cinema meant episodes that quickly succeeded each other; let's recall Leva Lunts' "cinema" in the Studio - fast-paced funny scenes). The dedication was as follows: “Murka, to wash her face. K. Chukovsky. - Irushka and Dymka - to brush their teeth. Yu. Annenkov. "Cockroach" illustrated by Sergei Chekhonin. Both fairy tales were published at the same time, before the newest year, 1923, by Lev Klyachko's Raduga publishing house. Critics focused on the shelling of Moydodyr, which was blamed for both disrespect for chimney sweeps, treating children like idiots, and the exclamation, seditious in the era of anti-religious propaganda, “God, God, what happened?” (in the end, Chukovsky was forced to replace it with “What is it, what happened”, sacrificing the internal rhyme to the next line “why is everything around ...”). To "Cockroach", much more unreliable from our point of view, practically no claims were made. One can see how often and consciously Chukovsky uses dactylic endings in the fairy tale, about which at that time he thought and wrote a lot in relation to Nekrasov's work. “Cockroach” is replete with them: “Cockroach, Cockroach, Cockroach”, “I’ll swallow, swallow, I won’t have mercy”, “And they moved back even further ...”, “Mosquitoes are on a ball”, “bumps - bumps”, “clogged - buried” , "the winner - the ruler" ... Chukovsky's thoughts about dactylic rhymes are most fully formulated in the book "Nekrasov as an Artist", which was published a little earlier than "Cockroach". “In general, the dactylic endings of words and poems are one of the main features of our folk poetry, for at least 90% of all our folk songs, lamentations, epics have just such an ending,” writes Chukovsky. He also notes that "these endings in Russian speech give the impression of a soul-exhausting whining." Whining is, first of all, of course, about weeping, lamentations and related lyrics by Nekrasov; but even in The Cockroach, dactylic rhymes are provided primarily with verses in scenes of fear and horror. K. I.’s observations of children’s speech (the Polar Star publishing house was going to publish them in 1922 as a separate book “On children's language” - it was announced in Oscar Wilde, but never came out) pour into a swift whirlwind of trochees in Moidodyr, theoretical discoveries in the field of folk poetry metrics find practical use in "Cockroach", Nekrasov's biographical studies echo his own misfortune. Everything that Chukovsky writes is always interconnected and inscribed in a broad cultural context; nowhere is he limited to the mainstream of a highly specialized topic. That is why he moves so easily from one occupation to another; therefore, he manages to notice what others do not see - and let it pass through himself, state it excitedly, with inspiration and simply. This year laid the foundation for his fame as a non-specialist and children's writer. Nevertheless, Chukovsky wrote down on the night of January 1, 1923: “1922 was a terrible year for me, a year of all kinds of bankruptcies, failures, humiliations, insults and illnesses. I felt that I was becoming callous, I stopped believing in life, and that my only salvation is work. And how I worked! What I just didn’t do! With anguish, almost with tears, I wrote “Moydodyr.” Beaten - wrote “Cockroach”. Completely remade, in the root, his Nekrasov books, as well as “Futurists”, " Wilde", "Whitman". He founded the "Modern West" - he wrote almost the entire Chronicle of the 1st issue with his own hand, got newspapers, magazines for him - translated "Kings and Cabbage", translated Sing - oh, how much energy wasted for nothing, without a goal, without a plan! And not a single friend! Not even a single well-wisher! Claws, teeth, fangs, horns everywhere! And yet for some reason I love 1922. I became attached to Murka this year, I was not so tormented by insomnia , I began to work with greater ease - thanks to the old year!"
A cartoon for a RICH kid about winners and losers. "Cockroach" based on the fairy tale by K. Chukovsky.
How to raise a child to be a leader?
The other day I was reading to my eldest son the tale of Korney Chukovsky "Cockroach". And made a discovery! This is a whole storehouse of knowledge for a successful child! Following the secrets of success that the author reveals to us will help raise a child to be a leader.
Here you can catch everything! And elements of psychology. And promotional chips. And controls. Both the habits of the gray majority and the habits of real leaders.
In general, according to the already established tradition, I suggest watching the cartoon "Cockroach". Still, kids love them more. At least mine.
And then I will offer a few of my thoughts that will help your child not to miss the valuable message of Korney Chukovsky.
So, enjoy watching!
If the video does not open for you, you can always buy a colorful book by Korney Chukovsky "Cockroach".
And now let's go to analyze the knowledge gained.
Thought #1. Raise a real leader in your child from childhood!
There are people who lead, and there are people who lead. The first is always led by the second. It doesn't happen otherwise.
True, their leadership skills everyone uses it differently. Someone for noble purposes, like a sparrow. And someone in their own powerful and selfish interests, like a cockroach.
Thought #2. An army of rams led by a lion will always triumph over an army of lions led by a ram.
I don’t know, unfortunately or fortunately, but the leaders are always in the minority!
How many animals were afraid of the cockroach? And how many of them defeated the enemy?
Thought #3. To seize power, it is enough to inspire fear in order to control the minds and behavior of the majority.
The cockroach turned out to be a "black" leader. And he used his leadership qualities against most of the beasts. And he inspired everyone through fear with the idea of his superiority.
"He growls and screams,
And his mustache moves:
"Wait, don't rush
I'll swallow you up in no time!
I will swallow, I will swallow, I will not have mercy.
Although, of course, any of the animals could crush him in no time.
Do you really think that "Doshirak" is healthy breakfast rich in vitamins?
Those who are familiar with psychology know the same secret. If a person is constantly told that he is a fool, then the person will believe it. Or, at best, start doubting yourself. And vice versa, if a child is constantly praised, then his chances of becoming successful will increase significantly!
Those who are familiar with PR also know a similar secret. If a person is constantly presented publicly, for example, as an expert No. 1 in some area, then the majority will perceive him that way. Although these statements are not always true. I will not give examples here. I'm sure everyone can do it themselves.
Thought #4. Take it and do it! After all, no one forbade!
In continuation of the previous thought. Any of the animals could crush the cockroach.
So why has no one been able to defeat the small bug?
Somebody got FEAR. - Wolves, crocodile, elephant ...
"Wolves from fear
They ate each other.
poor crocodile
Toad swallowed.
And the elephant, all trembling,
So I sat down on a hedgehog.
Someone ONLY IN WORDS turned out to be a hero. - Crayfish bullies.
"Do not scream and do not growl,
We ourselves are mustaches,
We can ourselves
Someone tried to SHIFVE THE RESPONSIBILITY onto someone else. - A hippo who tried to pay off with gifts.
"Who is not afraid of the villain
And fight the monster
I am that hero
I will give two frogs
And I’ll spare the fir cone!”
Someone rushed into battle, but at the sight of the first imaginary threat of cockroach whiskers, DOUBTED their advantage.
"We are not afraid of him,
Your giant:
We are teeth
We are fangs
We hooves him!”
And a cheerful crowd
The animals rushed into battle.
But, seeing a mustachioed
(Ah ah ah!),
The animals gave a chirp
(Ah ah ah!).
They ran through the forests, through the fields:
They were afraid of cockroach whiskers.
There were those who were afraid to LOSE their only savings.
"We would be the enemy
On the horns would
Only the skin is expensive
And the horns are not cheap these days either.”
Some even gave up and fled. - Monkeys, shark, cuttlefish.
"And dashing monkeys
Picked up the suitcases
And rather from all legs
And the shark dodged
She just waved her tail.
And behind her cuttlefish
So it goes back, and it goes back."
It's better to COMPLAINT about difficulties and DO NOTHING in order to change something!
And they sit and tremble under the bushes,
Behind the swamps they hide in hummocks.
Crocodiles nestled in nettles,
And the elephants were buried in the ditch.
All you can hear is teeth chattering
You can only see how the ears are trembling.
It’s better to DRY, so that everyone will take pity on you.
“Poor, poor animals!
Howling, crying, roaring!
In every den
And in every cave
They curse the evil glutton."
It is easier to accept difficulties than to overcome them.
"They cry, they die,
With the kids forever say goodbye.
Give in to fear. Chatting and not doing what you say. Doubt. Be afraid to take risks. Fear of losing what you already have. whine. Be lazy. Give up. Come to terms with being so tired.
These are all the qualities that are inherent in any loser, a gray person from the crowd. And these are the qualities that get rid of successful people in order to break out of the gray mass of the majority.
Thought #5. Less words and more action.
And then there are people who are REALIZED of the situation in which they are. But besides talking about it to everyone. In addition, to unconsciously elevate yourself to heaven above the rest. They don't do anything else.
Like those people who study a whole bunch of books and chase after more and more knowledge. But for some reason none of them are used.
"But one day in the morning
Jumped a kangaroo.
I saw a mustache
She screamed in anger:
"Is it a giant?
(Ha ha ha!)
It's just a cockroach!
(Ha ha ha!)
Cockroach, cockroach, cockroach,
Liquid-legged goat-bug.
And aren't you ashamed?
Are you not offended?
You are toothy
You are fanged
And they bowed to the little one,
And they submitted to the goat!”
Thought #6. Form your own strong environment.
The environment is a very powerful force. Imagine a typical situation here. You long time chatted with their friends. You constantly listened to their complaints. You constantly listened to how bad everything is, what evil bosses make you work and do not want to pay decently. You have constantly been boiled in a weak environment among those people who find it impossible to change their lives for the better. Among those people who constantly expect something from someone, but are afraid to take responsibility themselves. In general, you understood me.
And suddenly you decided to break out of this environment and still change your life for the better. What happened?
"The hippos got scared,
They whispered: “What are you, what are you!
Get out of here!
No matter how bad we are!”
Correctly! The environment begins to dissuade you, conveys their fears and doubts to you, laughs at you and is not going to support you!
How to deal with it? Very simple! Minimize communication with the old environment and form a new one. Form the environment that will SUPPORT you and JOY your successes!
Thought #7. Real winners act quickly and for sure.
“Only suddenly because of a bush,
Because of the blue forest
From distant fields
A sparrow is flying.
Jump yes jump
Yes chirp chirp
Chicky ricky chirp chirp!
He took and pecked the Cockroach -
There is no giant."
Real winners come SUDDENLY, act FAST! This, by the way, is one of the main secrets of success!
These were my personal thoughts. But this is clearly not all that your successful child from the cartoon "Cockroach" can catch! So feel free to leave your thoughts (your own and your successful child's) right in the comments below!
P.S. My kids grow and develop next to me, because I have not been employed for a long time. How could I afford it? How did I learn to earn on maternity leave and quit my job when it ended? How do I earn now? And how can you create a similar source of income for yourself? See here and here.
Read more! And don't forget to APPLY! ;)
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To the entry "Korney Chukovsky. "Cockroach". A cartoon for a successful child about winners and losers." left 22 comments.
Alex, you answered your own question. :)
Withdraw through a series of questions! Children should not be given ready-made answers! They must learn to think for themselves. And the RIGHT questions will help them in this. ;)
- Thanks to K. Chukovsky and thanks to Rimma!!! You saw and shared with us
For which you respect and wow!
Thank you. With uv. T.S Tatyana, hello! :)
Thank you for feedback and appreciate it very much.If my thoughts at least somehow help you in your pedagogical activity, I will be extremely happy.
For me, this means one thing: I am not in vain investing my time, money and effort in the development and maintenance of the New Rich from Childhood project.
Rima, great article!
My son and I at one time also read The Cockroach many, many times. But today I looked at the work from a different angle. Highly good analysis you got it.
Thank you for the article!
Yes Yes! I also noticed that all these fairy tales are just a storehouse of knowledge. But here's the catch - I understand all this only now. And when I heard all this as a child, I understood absolutely nothing.
How to be here? Explain these things in even simpler terms. Or through a series of questions to bring the child to an understanding of these things? Or figs with him, and so the algorithms of behavior will be deposited in the subconscious of the child?
Hello Rimma! Very fortunate, albeit by accident, I came to you. I really want my grandchildren to become free and rich people. We made a small step by creating our website recently. Glad to meet you, let's read everything together from cover to cover, so take us as your friends. We can make friends! While I bookmark and look forward to visiting!
Not so simple!
You forgot to mention the third category of human observers.
These are not led (they are too self-sufficient for this) and not leading (they do not need the glory of the leader with his lifelong responsibility for the led).
They look at the world as a theatrical performance, not advertising their attitude to the action on the stage (unlike the led, provoked by the media to actively discuss the actions of the Leader, in order to receive feedback from the led crowds).
It is to them that the truth, the meaning of being, is more often revealed (from the side it is more visible).
***
Loneliness is their price for knowing this truth...
Rima, thank you very much! I liked it very much! Consider famous lines in this context, discover your mistakes and correct them! Bravo!
Rima, hello.
You are very smart. Now it is so important to realize the values of life. You have it well thought out. Great since childhood!
Adults often do not understand this. Slept all my life. And they have nothing but dissatisfaction with life and only one claim.
Your materials will be of great help to those who have not yet forgotten how to think. Thank you for the food for thought.
About me: I work at a school. I love to get to the bottom of the author's idea with the children. Thank you very much for the cartoon ideas.
Regards, Tatiana.