Installation of a water heater vpg 18 1. Heating systems for summer and country houses. Boilers, geysers, water heaters - Repair, service, operation. Recommendations for assembly and installation. Reviews about geysers of the brand "Astra"

To heat water used for domestic purposes and in water heating systems, various water heaters are used: HSV-18-A, AGV-80 and AGV-120.

A flowing gas water heater VPG-18-A, designed for continuous heating of running water, can be used for multi-point water intake. The water heater works on natural and liquefied gases.

The VPG-18-A water heater is made in the form of a parallelepiped, the outer surfaces of which are covered with white enamel. The main elements of the device are the main and pilot burner, heat exchanger, gas burner block, electromagnetic valve, thermoelectric thermometer, draft transducer and piezoelectric ignition device. All elements of the device are mounted in a detachable casing, thanks to which you can freely inspect and repair its elements without removing the device from the wall.

On the front wall of the apparatus there is a gas valve control knob, buttons for turning on the electromagnetic valve and a piezoelectric ignition device. In the upper part of the apparatus, a device is provided for the removal of combustion products into the chimney, in the lower part there are branch pipes for connection to the water supply system and the gas pipeline. Automatic devices ensure that the gas supply to the main burner is cut off if no water flows to the apparatus, if there is no draft in the chimney and if the pilot burner flame goes out.

Technical characteristics of the water heater VPG-18-A

VPG-18-A water heaters are installed in kitchens or bathrooms and fastened with hooks or screws screwed into dowels embedded in a fireproof wall. If the water heater is mounted on a wooden plastered wall, then a sheet of roofing steel on asbestos 3 mm thick is nailed to it behind the water heater.

Gas water heaters are installed at a distance of 970-1200 mm from the bottom of the case to the floor. Water heaters are connected to the chimney with pipes made of roofing steel. The diameter of the pipe must not be less than the diameter of the branch pipe on the outlet device flue gases. The length of the vertical section of pipes above the draft breaker should be at least 0.5 m, and the horizontal section should not exceed 3 m in new houses and 6 m in previously built ones. The slope of the pipes is 0.01 towards the water heater.

The pipes are tightly pushed one into the other along the gas flow by at least 0.5D) (where D is the diameter of the pipe) and they must have no more than three turns with a radius of curvature of at least D. At a distance of 10 cm from the end of the pipe, a washer is installed that abuts into the wall.

The water heater is mounted as follows: they mark the installation site, mark and punch holes for the dowels, which are embedded in the wall. Then they wrap it in dowels, screws, hang the water heater and attach it to the gas and water connections.

Automatic gas water heaters type AGV is DHW cylinders used for hot water supply systems and providing multi-point water intake. Such water heaters are installed in bathrooms, kitchens or rooms with a volume of at least 6 m 3 with a mandatory connection to a separate gas duct. Automatic gas water heaters AGV-80 and AGV-120 consist of the following main elements: a galvanized welded tank, a combustion chamber with a burner, a thermostat, a magnetic gas valve, an ignition burner, a thermoelectric thermometer, safety valve and a thruster.

The casing 1 of the AVG-80 water heater (Fig. 244) is a cylinder made of 1 mm thick sheet steel and painted with enamel paint. Between the walls of the tank and the casing there is a thermal insulation of 2 ¦ - a layer of slag wool.

Rice. 244. Automatic gas water heater AGV-80:
1 - casing, 2 - thermal insulation, 3 - water tank, 4 - cold water pipeline. 5 - flame tube, 6 - gas flow extension, 7 - drain fitting, 8 - thin, 9 - gas burner, 10 - air supply regulator, 11 - firebox door, 12 - thermocouple, 13 - temperature controller sensing element, 14 - tube igniter, 15 - thermocouple tube, 16 - burner tube, 17 - temperature control valve, 18 - button, 19 - solenoid valve, 20 - gas cock, 21 - plug cock, 22 - gas pipeline, 23 - hot water pipe, 24 - draft breaker

Tank-cylinder with upper and lower bottoms is made of 3 mm thick galvanized steel. In the upper bottom there are two fittings with a diameter of 20 mm, one of them is used to connect pipelines 4 cold water, another 23 - for the selection of hot water.

Water is drained from the water heater through fitting 7.

A flame tube 5 with a diameter of 80 mm is located along the axis of the tank, through which hot gases pass from the combustion chamber and heat the water. To increase heat transfer, an extension 6 of the gas flow is placed inside the flame tube. A draft breaker 24 is put on top of the pipe. 8 in the firebox 8 of the water heater there is a gas burner 9 low pressure injection type. On the gas pipeline 22, as well as in front of the burner and igniter, plug 21 and gas 20 valves are installed. To maintain a constant water temperature, a sensitive element 13 of the thermostat is installed in the middle part of the water heater tank.

The gas enters the burner through the solenoid valve 19, which is activated when the button 18 is pressed, and the thermostat valve 17. Near the tube 14 of the igniter, there is a tube 15 of a thermoelectric thermometer and a thermoelectric thermometer 12 with a bimetallic plate that regulates the passage of gas to the burner.

The water heater tank is constantly under pressure from the water supply. The ignition field of the burner is warm from its flame and hot gases passing through the flame tube heat the water.

When the water in the tank is heated to a predetermined temperature, the brass tube of the sensing element of the regulator lengthens and pulls the rod of the regulator lever connected to it. The regulator levers are moved by the lever spring to another position and release the regulator valve. The valve closes under the action of its spring and the passage of gas through the regulator to the burner stops. The flame in the burner goes out, but it burns in the igniter, as gas is supplied to it through the solenoid valve.

When the water in the tank cools below the set temperature, the regulator tube, cooling down, shortens and presses the rod on the regulator lever. The levers of the regulator are moved by a lever spring to their original position and open the regulator valve. The gas flows through the solenoid valve and the regulator valve to the burner and is ignited by the igniter. If the igniter goes out, the thermoelectric thermometer will cool down, the electric current in the circuit will disappear, the solenoid valve will close and stop the gas supply to the burner and igniter. To regulate the amount of air supplied to the burner 9 is the regulator 10 of the air supply.

The device is also equipped with automatic control of draft and flame, with the help of which the gas supply is stopped in the absence of draft from the chimney or the flame of the pilot burner goes out.

Technical characteristics of water heaters AGV

When installing apartment heating and hot water supply from the AGV-80 water heater (Fig. 245), the cold water pipeline is connected to the water heater through the lower drain fitting. On the water supply line check valve and a valve and arrange a branch with a valve to drain water from the system. Hot water through the top fitting and the riser is sent to the expansion vessel, from which the top hot line of the heating system is laid. The hot riser is insulated. To increase the circulation pressure, it is recommended to install radiators at a height of 30-35 cm from the bottom of the appliance to the floor.

Rice. 245. Scheme of apartment heating and hot water supply from a gas water heater AGV-80:
1 - pipe to the chimney, 2 - safety line from the valve, 3 - pipeline to the heating system, 4 - pipeline from the heating system

The return line is connected to the lower drain fitting after the check valve. A drain pipe runs from the expansion vessel to the sink. A safety valve is installed on the hot riser, from which a pipe is laid to the washbasin or sink. Hot water is supplied to sanitary appliances, as shown in the figure. For ease of ignition of the igniter and maintenance of the water heater, it is installed on a stand. When installing the water heater on a wooden floor, a steel sheet on asbestos cardboard should be placed under it.

For heating individual rooms with an area of ​​​​30 to 150 m 2, heating devices are used, respectively, AOG-5, AOGV-20, operating on natural and liquefied gas. The devices are made in the form of a rectangular pedestal (Fig. 246), the front surfaces of which are covered with white silicate enamel. The main elements of the apparatus are a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, burners (one or two), an automatic combustion safety device that provides control of the presence of a flame on the pilot burner and draft in the chimney, and an automatic device for controlling the temperature of water heating, which maintains its heating temperature within the specified limits and when the maximum is reached, it turns off the gas supply to the main burner.

Rice. 246. Heating apparatus

Technical characteristics of heating devices

These water heaters(Table 133) (GOST 19910-74) are installed mainly in gasified residential buildings equipped with plumbing, but not having a centralized hot water supply. They provide fast (within 2 minutes) heating of water (up to a temperature of 45 ° C), continuously coming from the water supply.
According to the equipment of automatic and control devices, the devices are divided into two classes.

Table 133

Note. Devices of type 1 - with the removal of combustion products into the chimney, type 2 - with the removal of combustion products into the room.

Top-class devices (B) have automatic safety and regulation devices that provide:

b) shutdown of the main burner in the absence of vacuum in
Chimney (apparatus type 1);
c) regulation of water flow;
d) regulation of the flow or pressure of gas (only natural).
All devices are provided with an externally controlled ignition device, and type 2 devices with an additional temperature selector.
First class devices (P) are equipped with automatic devices ignition, providing:
a) gas access to the main burner only in the presence of a pilot flame and water flow;
b) shutdown of the main burner in the absence of vacuum in the chimney (apparatus type 1).
The pressure of the heated water at the inlet is 0.05-0.6 MPa (0.5-6 kgf / cm²).
Appliances must have gas and water filters.
The devices are connected to water and gas pipelines using union nuts or couplings with lock nuts.
Symbol of a water heater with a rated heat load of 21 kW (18 thousand kcal / h) with the removal of combustion products into the chimney, operating on gases of the 2nd category, the first class: VPG-18-1-2 (GOST 19910-74).
Flowing gas water heaters KGI, GVA and L-3 are unified and have three models: VPG-8 (flowing gas water heater); HSV-18 and HSV-25 (Table 134).

Rice. 128. Flowing gas water heater VPG-18
1 - cold water pipe; 2 - gas valve; 3 - ignition burner; 4-gas outlet device; 5 - thermocouple; 6 - solenoid valve; 7 - gas pipeline; 8 - hot water pipe; 9 - thrust sensor; 10 - heat exchanger; 11- main burner; 12 - water-gas block with a nozzle

Table 134

Table 135. TECHNICAL DATA OF GAS WATER HEATERS

Despite the fact that today housing and communal services networks are being modernized everywhere, the quality of the services they provide remains at a low level. This is especially true for hot water supply. To solve this problem once and for all, you should purchase gas water heater. However, you first need to decide which model suits you better than the others.

Modern manufacturers offer the mentioned devices in a wide range. They have certain operational and technical characteristics. Columns can be classified into flow and storage. As for the former, they are smaller, which allows them to be installed even in a small room. Accumulative gas water heaters can hold from 50 to 500 liters of water.

The container in the design has effective thermal insulation, which allows you to save high temperature water for a long time, it helps to save energy. If you still cannot decide which gas column to choose, then you can pay attention to the equipment under the Astra brand, which will be discussed below. Such devices are good not only because they are manufactured in Russia, which means that they have an acceptable cost, but also because they are maintainable. This indicates that in the event of a breakdown with a malfunction, you can deal with it yourself.

Reviews about geysers of the brand "Astra"

If you want to save twice, then you should purchase a domestic-made water heater. These are just the Astra gas water heaters. Consumers choose them for an affordable cost, but this plus cannot be called the only one. Units operate on liquefied and natural gas. Buyers also like high level safety taken care of by the manufacturer. After all, if the pilot burner goes out, then the water supply for heating will stop, this also applies to the automatic gas supply.

Such water heaters act as the optimal solution for domestic use. Customers also like the ease of operation and maintenance. You don't have to spend money on it. Appearance design is attractive, the body has a modern and stylish design. Any geyser of the manufacturer can be entered into the interior of the room. Geysers "Astra", according to buyers, are offered for sale in a wide range. That is why you can choose the most best option, which will meet the requirements and preferences of the consumer.

Specifications HSV 8910-00.02

If you are interested in Astra gas water heaters, then you should consider several models at once so that you have the opportunity to make right choice. Among others, the HSV 8910-00.02 model, which is manufactured in Russia, is on the market. Its power can reach 21 kW. The design is equipped with an open combustion chamber and manual ignition.

Productivity on hot water supply makes 12 l/min. The supply water may have a temperature that varies from 35 to 60 °C. During operation, the column consumes natural gas in a volume that is equal to 2.3 m 3 / h. The maximum water pressure can be 6 bar. The smallest working water pressure equivalent to 0.5 bar.

Gas connection is carried out using communications that have the following parameters: 3/4 inch. Hot and cold water connections are made using pipes with a diameter of 1/2 inch. The diameter of the chimney reaches 120 mm. If you are considering Astra gas water heaters, then you should definitely be interested in their dimensions. As for the model described in the section, its dimensions are 700x372x230 mm. The equipment weighs 15 kg.

Specifications column brand HSV 8910-08.02

In order to make the right choice, several models must be considered. Among others, the HSV 8910-08.02 variant is presented on the market, the power of which reaches 18 kW. The design has an open combustion chamber and manual view ignition. The productivity of this model is slightly less and amounts to 10 l / min. The temperature of the supplied water remains at the same level, but the fuel consumption will be somewhat less and will be 2 m 3 / h. The minimum and maximum operating water pressures remain the same. Connection is carried out with the same parameters. The diameter of the chimney remains the same. The body of the structure has identical parameters.

Technical characteristics of the geyser brand HSV 8910-15

This Astra 8910 gas water heater has a power of 18 kW. Electric ignition is carried out from batteries. The water capacity is 10 l/min. The consumption of natural gas is 2 m 3 /h. The diameter of the chimney in this case is somewhat different, it is equivalent to 135 mm. This product has a two-year warranty.

Technical characteristics of the geyser brand HSV 8910-16

The power of this equipment reaches 21 kW. Electric ignition is carried out from batteries. Performance by hot water a little more, it is equal to 12 l / min. The consumption of natural gas remains the same as in the first of the models described above, this parameter reaches 2.3 m 3 / h. The chimney diameter is 135 mm. The equipment weighs 15 kg.

Why you should choose Astra gas water heaters: reviews

Among the main advantages of the equipment described in the article, consumers distinguish:

• lack of extra functionality;
• reliability;
• the ability to easily configure the operation of the equipment;
• high performance;
• simple device;
• ease of operation.

The equipment, according to consumers, is maintainable. All spare parts can be found in service workshops. Yes, and the column itself is quite cheap. Customers especially like the large combustion chambers, so the power of some models reaches 20 kW.

Traction adjustment for model 8910 is carried out independently. The thermostat in this embodiment is located below. The smoke exhaust track is wide enough, but the column regulator is located under the central fitting. The construction frame, according to property owners who have purchased such equipment for themselves, is very strong, so it can withstand any load.

The power supply has a protection system. Using special screws, you can easily adjust the fitting. The Astra geyser, the instruction manual for which is supplied in the kit, has, according to consumers, economical fuel consumption. The design has a high-quality pressure regulator. Traction can be checked very simply. Removal of combustion products occurs quickly. In matters of safety, the column outperforms other models.

Repair of a geyser brand "Astra"

Repair of the gas column "Astra" begins with shutting off the gas. The column may or may not be removed. The front part is dismantled with a screwdriver, but first you need to unscrew the bolts located on the sides. The first thing to check is the economizer, it is located behind the electrode. Removing the latter will be quite difficult. It is fixed with 4 bolts. Do not touch the heat exchanger.

When you repair individual components, it is important not to touch the fitting, it is used to measure pressure. If this part is damaged, then you will have to change the head. In order to remove the economizer, it is necessary to unscrew only two side bolts. The consumer may well carry out repairs with his own hands. The Astra geyser has contacts in the design that are often contaminated. If they have become unusable, then they need to be replaced. If the economizer does not work after replacement, then it will also have to be changed. These malfunctions are one of the main ones for Astra speakers.

If you encounter a problem when the Astra geyser does not light up, then this may indicate a lack of draft in the ventilation passage. It is very easy to check the tension. The geyser is turned off, and a burning match should be brought to the chimney outlet. If the flame is drawn into the chimney, then everything is in order - you can connect the column. Otherwise, the chimney should be cleaned. However, it is better to entrust this matter to a special master.

The Astra geyser, the malfunctions of which you should consider when operating this equipment, sometimes goes out immediately after ignition. In this case, the supply of cold water to the column should be adjusted. Do not try to dilute hot and cold water, this can cause the flame to die out.

Spare parts for gas water heater brand "Astra"

If you purchased the Astra 8910 gas water heater, spare parts for it may be needed during operation. You need to know what their value is. For example, a water unit will cost 1,600 rubles. The gas part costs 1,500 rubles. The magnetic stopper has a lower price - 205 rubles. The membrane costs 25 rubles. The repair kit for the water part costs 155 rubles, and the adjusting unit - 55 rubles.

Conclusion

If you still do not know whether it is worth buying an Astra gas water heater, then you should consider its features in more detail. For example, the copper heat exchanger in all models has an increased wall thickness. This ensures good heat transfer from heated gases to water, which allows saving. For more convenient operation, the manufacturer has equipped the design with a display with which you can determine the temperature of the heated water.

In the name of columns produced in Russia, the letters VPG are often present: this is a water-heating (V) flow-through (P) gas (G) apparatus. The number after the letters HSV indicates thermal power apparatus in kilowatts (kW). For example, VPG-23 is a flow-through gas water heater with a heat output of 23 kW. Thus, the name of modern speakers does not define their design.

The VPG-23 water heater was created on the basis of the VPG-18 water heater, produced in Leningrad. In the future, VPG-23 was produced in the 90s at a number of enterprises in the USSR, and then - SIG. A number of such devices are in operation. Separate nodes, for example, the water part, are used in some models of modern Neva columns.

Main specifications HSV-23:

• thermal power - 23 kW;
• productivity when heated to 45 ° C - 6 l / min;
• minimum water pressure - 0.5 bar:
• maximum water pressure - 6 bar.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a heat exchanger, a main burner, a block valve and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 74).

The gas outlet is used to supply combustion products to the flue pipe of the column. The heat exchanger consists of a heater and a fire chamber surrounded by a cold water coil. The height of the VPG-23 fire chamber is less than that of the KGI-56, because the VPG burner provides better mixing of gas with air, and the gas burns with a shorter flame. A significant number of HSV columns have a heat exchanger consisting of a single heater. The walls of the fire chamber in this case were made of steel sheet, there was no coil, which made it possible to save copper. The main burner is multi-nozzle, it consists of 13 sections and a manifold connected to each other by two screws. Sections are assembled into a single whole with the help of coupling bolts. There are 13 nozzles installed in the collector, each of which pours gas into its own section.

The block valve consists of gas and water parts connected by three screws (Fig. 75). The gas part of the block valve consists of a body, a valve, a valve plug, a gas valve cover. A conical insert for the gas valve plug is pressed into the body. The valve has a rubber seal on the outer diameter. A conical spring presses on top of it. The seat of the safety valve is made in the form of a brass insert pressed into the body of the gas section. The gas cock has a handle with a limiter that fixes the opening of the gas supply to the igniter. The faucet plug is pressed against the conical liner by a large spring.

The valve plug has a recess for supplying gas to the igniter. When the valve is turned from the extreme left position at an angle of 40 °, the groove coincides with the gas supply hole, and the gas begins to flow to the igniter. In order to supply gas to the main burner, the valve handle must be pressed and turned further.

The water part consists of the bottom and top covers, Venturi nozzle, diaphragm, poppet with stem, retarder, stem seal and stem clamp. Water is supplied to the water part on the left, enters the submembrane space, creating a pressure in it equal to the water pressure in the water supply. Having created pressure under the membrane, water passes through the Venturi nozzle and rushes to the heat exchanger. The Venturi nozzle is a brass tube, in the narrowest part of which there are four through holes that open into the outer circular recess. The undercut coincides with the through holes that are in both covers of the water part. Through these holes, pressure from the narrowest part of the Venturi nozzle will be transferred to the supra-membrane space. The poppet stem is sealed with a nut that compresses the PTFE gland.

The automatic water flow works as follows. With the passage of water through the Venturi nozzle in the narrowest part, the highest speed of movement of water and, therefore, the lowest pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the through holes to the supra-membrane cavity of the water part. As a result, a pressure difference appears under and above the membrane, which bends upward and pushes the plate with the stem. The stem of the water part, resting against the stem of the gas part, lifts the valve from the seat. As a result, the gas passage to the main burner opens. When the water flow stops, the pressure under and above the membrane equalizes. The conical spring presses on the valve and presses it against the seat, the gas supply to the main burner stops.

The solenoid valve (Fig. 76) serves to turn off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

When the solenoid valve button is pressed, its stem rests against the valve and moves it away from the seat, while compressing the spring. At the same time, the armature is pressed against the core of the electromagnet. At the same time, gas begins to flow into the gas part of the block valve. After ignition of the igniter, the flame begins to heat the thermocouple, the end of which is installed in a strictly defined position with respect to the igniter (Fig. 77).

The voltage generated during the heating of the thermocouple is supplied to the winding of the core of the electromagnet. In this case, the core holds the anchor, and with it the valve, in the open position. The time during which the thermocouple generates the necessary thermo-EMF and the electromagnetic valve begins to hold the armature is about 60 seconds. When the igniter goes out, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating voltage. The core no longer holds the anchor, under the action of the spring the valve closes. The gas supply to both the igniter and the main burner is stopped.

Draft automation cuts off the gas supply to the main burner and igniter in the event of a draft failure in the chimney; it works on the principle of “gas removal from the igniter”. Traction automation consists of a tee, which is attached to the gas part of the block valve, a tube to the draft sensor and the sensor itself.

Gas from the tee is supplied to both the igniter and the draft sensor installed under the gas outlet. The thrust sensor (Fig. 78) consists of a bimetallic plate and a fitting, reinforced with two nuts. The top nut is also a seat for a plug that shuts off the gas outlet from the fitting. A tube supplying gas from the tee is attached to the fitting with a union nut.

With normal draft, the combustion products go into the chimney without heating the bimetallic plate. The plug is tightly pressed against the seat, the gas does not come out of the sensor. If the draft in the chimney is disturbed, the combustion products heat up the bimetallic plate. It bends up and opens the gas outlet from the fitting. The gas supply to the igniter decreases sharply, the flame ceases to heat the thermocouple normally. It cools down and stops producing voltage. As a result, the solenoid valve closes.

Repair and service

The main malfunctions of the HSV-23 column include:

1. The main burner does not light up:

• little water pressure;
• deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;
• clogged venturi nozzle - clean the nozzle;
• the stem came off the plate - replace the stem with the plate;
• skew of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightening of the nut. If the nut is loosened more than necessary, water may leak from under the stuffing box.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

• dirt has got under the safety valve - clean the seat and valve;
• weakened cone spring - replace the spring;
• the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut. In the presence of an igniter flame, the solenoid valve is not held in the open position:

3. Violation of the electrical circuit between the thermocouple and the electromagnet (open or short circuit). The following reasons are possible:

• lack of contact between the terminals of the thermocouple and the electromagnet - clean the terminals with sandpaper;
• isolation breach copper wire thermocouple and short circuit it with the tube - in this case, the thermocouple is replaced;
• violation of the insulation of the turns of the electromagnet coil, shorting them to each other or to the core - in this case, the valve is replaced;
• violation of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. Cleaning of surfaces with needle files, sandpaper, etc. is not allowed.

4. Insufficient heating of the thermocouple:

• the working end of the thermocouple is smoky - remove soot from the hot junction of the thermocouple;
• the igniter nozzle is clogged - clean the nozzle;
• the thermocouple is incorrectly set relative to the igniter - install the thermocouple relative to the igniter so as to provide sufficient heating.