Military universities are small problems of big education. What salary increments are due to a soldier who is a teacher at a university of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

I don’t know how the recent steps taken by the government of the Russian Federation to improve education affect the well-being of teachers in civilian higher educational institutions, but the vast majority of teachers at the universities of the Ministry of Defense meet each new decision, supposedly designed to improve their work, with bewilderment and indignation. Many reasons have accumulated for this over the past 10-15 years.

OFFICIAL FRILLS

So, on one far from perfect day for a higher military school, a decision was made to transform a number of educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense from academies into universities (although all over the world a university is higher than an academy). In this connection, the staff categories (and, accordingly, the salary) for the teaching staff were lowered: heads of departments from major generals to colonels, teachers (later also part of senior teachers) from colonels to lieutenant colonels. At that time, let me remind you, another campaign was launched in the Armed Forces to reduce the number of generals and colonels, but the teachers turned out to be extreme, often coming to universities from solid positions at that time in the troops, headquarters, and various institutions of the Ministry of Defense.

The second example is the process that took place in 2001, when, after the introduction of the corresponding ranks in monthly salaries for military personnel and employees in the early 1990s, these ranks were lowered under the guise of an organizational and staffing event. To avoid a second wave of mass dismissals of highly qualified teachers from military universities, a number of proactive documents were adopted. In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 12, 1999 No. 305, Order of the Minister of Defense of April 21, 1999 No. 161 and Directive of the General Staff No. 314/10/1589 of May 29, 2001, the official salary for those who were already assigned at the time of the change in ranks , as stated in the documents, on the transfer of military positions to lower monthly salaries, was maintained at the previously occupied military position in the same amount of the tariff category. The right to calculate a pension for long service on this salary was also retained.

Military teachers, of course, were satisfied with such a fair decision, continuing to train and educate cadets and students. Moreover, a further increase in the wage ranks of all officers by seven points was also proportionally carried out for those who remained to serve in accordance with the previous organizational and staff reduction in ranks.

Thunder struck, as always, unexpectedly. A "wise" financial official does not sleep, especially in relation to military personnel. Everything turned out to be not so simple. It turned out that after the dismissal, the military teacher still lost in his pension the difference that he was promised to leave if he agreed to continue to serve after the organizational event. The main argument was that the payment of the pension is not according to what was paid, but according to how it is written in the new state of the military educational institution. Responsible employees of the Center for Social Security of the Military Commissariat of the City of Moscow insist on this especially strongly, where the majority of former military teachers “lowered” in this way end up.

At the same time, the former military teachers who retired were divided overnight into those whose chief had the rank of general (officers of the "white bone"), and those whose chief did not rise in the rank above the colonel (officers of the "black bone"). Although, when they were in the ranks, their high qualifications were evaluated in the same way - according to the degrees of doctors and candidates of sciences, the titles of professors and associate professors.

Meanwhile, the official only rubs his hands - he was able to save two hundred rubles each on two thousand military pensioners. Well, former teachers will be indignant, well, one of them will go to court and, perhaps, achieve something (or perhaps not). Tea, they won’t die of hunger, all the more so - usually a military pensioner is young and will work, and in old age from sclerosis he will forget about the offense ...

Why, however, did some military teachers, who are transferred to the reserve at a higher level, be lucky, while others are not? Is it really only because they were the first to be lucky enough to work under the guidance of people with stripes on their trousers and general stars on shoulder straps? It looks like it is.

GET LESS EVERYONE

Of course, one can hope that someday justice will prevail, as happened with such a category of former teachers as senior teachers - heads of classrooms. There were such positions in military universities, for which they paid more than just senior teachers. After the introduction of the ranks in 1993, the Moscow City Military Commissariat referred to the fact that there was no such position in the new states, and refused to include the difference in the military pension. Only the Accounts Chamber was able to influence the Moscow GVK and obliged to accrue money to pensioners in full. True, some did not wait for this, passed away ...

In general, the officer-teacher of the university today receives less than all other officers of his level serving in Moscow. And civilian teachers of military educational institutions! Their official rates are defined as employees in the military department with ranks equivalent to high school teachers, and in some cases even lower. At the same time, after the increase in Russia of payment for the academic degrees of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences to 1,500 and 900 rubles, respectively, all teaching staff were canceled bonuses for the academic title of professor and associate professor (25 and 15%).

However, after some time, they nevertheless considered it necessary to “take into account” the presence of such titles for civilian teachers, adding 60% to professors and 40% to associate professors ... regardless of the presence of an academic degree. That is, I got to a suitable position, and then there is no need to strain in terms of improving my scientific and pedagogical qualifications.

Recently, the Ministry of Defense nevertheless decided to resume payments for the academic title of "professor" and "associate professor", but again, the financiers are delaying its implementation, they do not announce how these payments will be made.

The educators of military higher education institutions are also wary of the upcoming increase in fees from November 1, 2006 for doctoral and candidate of science degrees. There is talk that the financiers of the Moscow Region are hard at work thinking about how to cut the upcoming allowances for "respected" teachers.

S. Yu. Ryzhenkova, head of the franchisee firm LLC "Geospectr"

Journal "Accounting in Education" No. 12, December 2011

The current regulations provide for a bonus for a degree for teachers who work at a university, but nothing is said about what to do if a teacher with a degree works at a school or technical school. Therefore, let's figure out under what conditions such allowances are paid.

Who is eligible for the allowance

Speaking of the bonus for an academic degree and academic title, let's recall the definition.

Academic degrees and titles - a qualification system in science and higher education, which allows ranking scientific and scientific and pedagogical employees at individual stages of an academic career. As a rule, the academic title of associate professor is awarded to candidates of sciences, and the academic title of professor is awarded, as a rule, to doctors of sciences.

The bonus for academic degrees and titles is designed to attract highly qualified specialists to teaching activities in educational institutions of higher professional education, which improves the quality of education and expands the scope of research work.

In modern circumstances, this is one of the main conditions for ensuring the innovative development of the Russian economy.

Normative base

The procedure for paying bonuses for an academic degree and academic title is prescribed in the following fundamental regulatory documents.

1. Federal Law of August 22, 1996 No. 125FZ “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education”, which states that the scientific and pedagogical workers of higher educational institutions are given bonuses to official salaries (rates) in the amount of:

- 40 percent for the position of associate professor;

- 60 percent for the position of professor;

- 3000 rubles. for the degree of Candidate of Sciences;

- 7000 rubles. for the degree of Doctor of Science.

2. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 2, 2006 No. 343 "On the establishment of allowances for an academic degree and (or) academic title ...". They established allowances for employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, the penitentiary system, the State Fire Service, customs authorities, drug control authorities, as well as military personnel undergoing military service under a contract, in the following amounts:

- those who have a scientific degree of a candidate of sciences - an allowance in the amount of 10 percent of the official salary (salary for a military position);

- those who have a scientific degree of Doctor of Science - an allowance in the amount of 25 percent of the official salary (salary for a military position);

- those who have the academic rank of associate professor - an allowance in the amount of 10 percent of the official salary (salary for a military position);

- having the academic title of professor - an allowance in the amount of 25 percent of the official salary (salary for a military position).

Terms of Service

To qualify for the allowance, the following requirements must be met:

- the employee holds a regular position;

- the institution must belong to federal budgetary institutions (organizations) of science and federal state higher educational institutions, regardless of departmental affiliation;

- academic degrees should be provided for by the tariff and qualification requirements.

It should be noted that the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, in a letter dated April 16, 2007 No. 03-760, clarified the procedure for granting an allowance, namely:

- the positions of rector, vice-rector, head of the educational department and head of postgraduate studies do not belong to the teaching staff, as they are administrative;

- additional payments for academic degrees to persons holding these full-time positions are established only if they are assigned teaching hours in an educational institution;

- additional payments for academic degrees are established for teachers who have academic degrees in the profile of the discipline taught.

These additional payments are introduced in the manner prescribed by Article 135 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. That is, on the basis of a collective agreement or a local regulatory act.

I would like to note that in order to account for scientists in scientific, research, research and production, educational and other institutions and organizations operating in the field of education, science and technology, in addition to a personal card in the form No. T-2, an Accounting card of a scientific, scientific and pedagogical worker (form No. T-4).

It is filled in by an employee of the personnel service on the basis of the relevant documents (diploma of a doctor of science and candidate of science, certificate of associate professor and professor, etc.), as well as information provided by the employee about himself.

Taxation of payments

Additional payments for an academic degree and title are related to remuneration (Clause 2, Article 255 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation: “incentive accruals, including allowances for tariff rates and salaries for professional excellence, high achievements in work and other similar indicators”), are economically justified costs (Article 252 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) and therefore are recognized as expenses that reduce the tax base for income.

As for insurance premiums, these surcharges are subject to insurance premiums in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 7 of the Federal Law of July 24, 2009 No. 212-FZ. That is, the object of taxation of insurance premiums is recognized as payments and other remuneration accrued by payers of insurance premiums in favor of individuals in the framework of labor relations and civil law contracts, the subject of which is the performance of work, the provision of services.

Paying a teacher's allowance

Is it possible to pay a supplement for a scientific degree to a teacher (for example, a candidate of historical sciences) if he teaches history at a gymnasium?

The gymnasium belongs to secondary general educational institutions.

But it is possible that this issue is resolved differently in a certain region. The fact is that local authorities, guided by paragraph 4 of Article 86 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, independently determine the amount and conditions of remuneration:

- deputies;

- elected officials of local self-government, exercising their powers on a permanent basis;

- municipal employees;

– employees of municipal institutions in compliance with the requirements of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation.

True, there is one condition. According to paragraph 2 of Article 83 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, financing of new types of budget expenditures or an increase in financing of existing types of budget expenditures is possible only from the beginning of the next financial year, provided they are included in the law (decision) on the budget.

The issue was resolved in the Perm Territory in a similar way. The deputies of the regional parliament supported the initiative of the head of the region on additional payments to teachers for a scientific degree. Now candidates and doctors of science who teach in schools, as well as in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education in this region, will receive additional payments from the regional budget. Such payments have been introduced since September 2011. Funds for these purposes are included in the draft budget of the region.

Also, in educational institutions, supplements for a scientific degree may be provided by agreement of the parties. For example, to be paid at the expense of funds from income-generating activities.

Important to remember

The payment of an allowance for a scientific degree is provided for teachers of higher educational institutions. However, such allowances can also be provided for in the collective agreement at the expense of extrabudgetary funds.

The Ministry of Defense has deprived teachers of allowances for candidate and doctoral degrees.

Teachers of the military scientific and educational center (VUNTS) "Naval Academy named after Admiral Kuznetsov" turned to Sergei Shoigu with a request to resolve the issue of paying a monetary award for an academic degree. As VUNTS told Izvestia, the payment of these premiums ceased at the end of 2012.

The money, of course, is small - 3 thousand rubles for a candidate of sciences and 7 thousand for a doctor. With our average salaries of 40-60 thousand, we will somehow survive. But it's not about money, but about the very fact that the state evaluates our work, ”one of the teachers named Anatoly, a colonel and doctor of military sciences, told Izvestia.

Additional payments for an academic degree were withdrawn in accordance with order 500 dated March 21, 2012, signed by Anatoly Serdyukov. The document is called "On the Approval of the Rules for the Payment of a Monthly Bonus for Special Achievements in Service to Military Personnel Under Contract in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation."

The order introduced a new rule, according to which a monetary award for a scientific degree is paid to teachers of educational institutions and officers engaged in military education, only if the discipline in which the applicant defended himself corresponds to the discipline he teaches.

There were many nuances. For example, if an officer defended himself in philosophy, but teaches tactics, then he is not entitled to a stimulating bonus for a degree. Tactics, according to the spirit of Order 500, should be conducted not by a philosopher, but by a candidate or doctor of military sciences, and no one else.

But if a specialist in tactics is transferred with a promotion to another department, for example, in military history, then he will also lose the right to the award. This provision is not spelled out in the document, it exists in the "List of positions for order 500 of the Minister of Defense" with the stamp "Secret".

In addition, the order cuts off awards for two more categories of military scientists. First, serving in the army, and not in educational and scientific institutions, officers who defended their academic degrees on their own, including in civilian universities. Formally, they are not connected with military education.

Secondly, in educational and scientific institutions there are many teachers outside the state. Their activities are not regulated at all by the order, so the department of financial support and the unified settlement center of the Ministry of Defense stopped paying bonuses for academic degrees.

The order reached the military schools only in August-September last year. While the lists were being prepared, all payments were suspended by the New Year. They presented a good present, there is nothing to say, ”another Izvestia interlocutor named Sergei, a major and candidate of military sciences, is indignant.

For clarification of the situation, Izvestia turned to the department of military education of the Ministry of Defense. The representative of the department acknowledged certain problems with the financial provision of teachers.

Only two points of the order concern scientists, and basically material incentives for physical, sniper and other types of training of military personnel are regulated there. In two points it was really not possible to fit all the nuances of a complex system of payments, teaching, awarding academic degrees, he said.

According to him, the department is working on improving the incentive system, but is not yet ready to give a time frame for when additions to order 500 and the "List of positions" attached to it will be ready.

The Ministry of Defense decided to further stimulate the work of the best teachers of military universities. For this, the head of the department, Sergei Shoigu, issued an order on their annual bonuses.

Of course, they will not distribute money to everyone in a row. From a large army of army and navy teachers, a hundred of the most experienced and conscientious will be selected once a year on a competitive basis. They will get a solid bonus - 150 thousand rubles, about the same amount a 3-star general receives in the army every month.

The minister's order says that such material incentives for high results in pedagogical activity are established both for teachers - military personnel, and for their colleagues from among civilian personnel. Note that we are talking only about people who fill full-time teaching positions in military universities. The financial incentive practice will not apply to the so-called attracted teachers.

There is another strict requirement for candidates for bonuses - only teachers with a scientific degree can take part in the competition for receiving payments.

On behalf of the Minister of Defense, the leaders of the university will announce financial incentives for the best teachers. It is planned that they will announce this good news at military scientific conferences or at meetings of the academic council of educational institutions.

By order of the head of the department, the timing of the competition will be determined by the Main Directorate of Personnel of the Ministry of Defense. The same head office will also name the number of candidates for awards in universities of various types and branches of the military. This is necessary to ensure that financial incentives are fairly distributed among all teachers, and this practice excludes lobbying of individual army and navy educational institutions.

Recall that this is far from the first financial preference provided for those who train professional personnel for the Russian army. Exactly two years ago, when the law on the new monetary allowance of military personnel was launched in Russia (in the army, salaries were raised several times), the Minister of Defense issued an order on additional payments to holders of academic titles. Monthly payments to military assistant professors and professors then increased by 40-60 percent of their official salary. And candidates and doctors of sciences began to receive an additional 3 and 7 thousand rubles, respectively.

At the same time, material incentives were introduced in the army for the best students of the universities of the Ministry of Defense. In particular, officers of the Military Academy of the General Staff who are excellent and doing well in their studies were given an increase in salaries in the amount of 60 percent of their official salary.