slopes 

Urban and rural population of Russia. Presentation on the topic "urban and rural population" Urban and rural population resettlement of the population presentation

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Urban and rural population Presentation for a geography lesson in grade 9 Zinovieva E.L., geography teacher, secondary school No. 18 in Moscow

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Lesson Plan Resettlement. Types of settlements. Urbanization, the degree of urbanization. The history of the creation of Russian cities. Cities of Russia (classification by population and functions). Urban agglomeration. Rural Russia.

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Settlement is the result of the settlement process, that is, the totality of settlements in a given territory. Resettlement of single-family residential points ( farms) a compactly built-up area with necessary equipment for the life and work of people

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Types of settlements Settlements rural urban cities urban-type settlements stanitsa khutor settlement village village aul

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Urbanization Urbanization is the growth of cities and urban populations, the strengthening of their role and the spread of urban lifestyles. The process of urbanization is caused by the following reasons: the transition from an agrarian to an industrial society due to the development of industrial production; the development of non-productive city-forming activities; the intensification of agriculture and the reduction of employment in it.

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The history of the creation of Russian cities Ancient Russia was a land of cities. The Normans called Russia "Gardarika", i.e. "country of cities". The first cities arose as early as the 1st millennium AD. In the ninth century the chronicles mention the cities of Novgorod, Rostov the Great, Smolensk, and Murom. By the 12th century, there were already about 150 cities. During the Mongol-Tatar invasion, more than 2/3 of the cities were destroyed and almost 1/3 of them were not revived. Novgorod Veliky Rostov Veliky Murom

Slide 7

During the time of Peter I, many new cities were founded. Everyone knows about the "window to Europe" - St. Petersburg. And under Catherine II, the territorial division of Russia was changed, 500 counties were created, for which county centers were established. Many villages (165) received city status. The history of the creation of Russian cities St. Petersburg

Slide 8

The history of the creation of Russian cities In the 19th century, cities, as strongholds, were formed on the borders Russian Empire: on the Far East(Vladivostok, Blagoveshchensk), in the Caucasus (Grozny, Vladikavkaz). More than 600 cities were formed after the October Revolution. Most industrial centers arose in Siberia, the North, and the Far East. Vladivostok Blagoveshchensk Vladikavkaz

Slide 9

The history of the creation of Russian cities In the middle of the twentieth century. cities of science appeared near large cities - "science cities" (near Moscow - Dubna, Reutov, Zelenograd, Troitsk, etc.). Resort towns have grown in the Crimea, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (Yalta, Sochi). Cities appeared - centers of the military industry, the so-called closed cities (ghost cities). Yalta

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Levels of urbanization low-urbanized medium-urbanized highly urbanized up to 20% from 20 to 50% over 50% Which group of countries in terms of the level of urbanization does Russia belong to? Ratio of urban and rural population Levels of urbanization!! Working with Appendix No. 1 of the textbook (pp. 282-289). Using the data in the table, write down the subjects of the Russian Federation with the highest level of urbanization (85% or more) and the lowest level of urbanization (30% or less). Explain the features of urbanization in these subjects of the Russian Federation.

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A city in Russia is considered a settlement with a population of at least 12 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are employees, as well as members of their families (that is, they perform mainly non-agricultural functions). An urban-type settlement is considered a settlement with a population of at least 3 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are not employed in agriculture. Urban residents in Russia are considered to be residents of cities and urban-type settlements. Cities of Russia Urban-type settlement Zaoksky Tver Kaluga

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Classification of cities by population: small - up to 50 thousand people medium - up to 100 thousand people large - up to 250 thousand people large - up to 500 thousand people largest - up to 1 million people millionaire cities 2007 1095 settlements have the status of the city of Irkutsk

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Cities with a population of more than 500 thousand people. Cities of Russia Analyze the map. Where are cities with a population of over 500,000 located? Write in a notebook the name of the millionaire cities. How many millionaire cities are in Russia? Which regions of Russia have the most millionaire cities?

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Functions of cities The functions of settlements are the role, the purpose of settlements in society. Classification of cities by functions political-administrative industrial transport trade scientific military recreational If a city performs several functions at the same time, such a city is multifunctional. Give examples of Russian cities that perform each function and multifunctional cities.

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Urban agglomeration Urban agglomerations are groups of closely spaced cities united by close ties: labor, cultural, industrial, and infrastructural.

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!! Determine on the map around which large cities urban agglomerations have formed. What satellite cities do these cities have? urban agglomeration

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Rural Russia Analyze the map. Where are most of the large rural settlements concentrated? Why?

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Practical work. Using the text of the textbook (Alekseev A.I., § 17), maps of the atlas, fill in the table "Features of rural settlements." Zonal specificity of rural settlements. Rural Russia natural areas Features of the economy The nature of rural settlement Environmental problems Ways to solve them 1.Tundra and forest-tundra 2.Northern part of the forest zone 3.Southern part of the forest zone 4.Forest-steppe and steppe zone 5.Dry steppes and semi-deserts 6.Mountain areas Natural zones Features of the economy The nature of rural settlement Environmental problems Ways to solve them 1. Tundra and forest-tundra Pasture reindeer breeding, hunting, fishing Rarely focal with large villages along the banks of rivers Disturbance and change in the landscape, trampling of vegetation Allotment of land for reindeer breeding, hunting licenses 2. The northern part of the forest zone Logging, animal husbandry in water meadows, several% of the entire territory is plowed up. Focal with large villages along the banks of rivers Destruction of forests, disturbance of landscapes, trampling of vegetation Correct technological process during logging, allocation of pastures 3. Southern part of the forest zone Selective nature of agriculture, 30-40% of the territory is plowed Network dense settlements, but small settlements (up to 100 people). Changing poor soils, trampling vegetation. Allocating plots for arable land and grazing, fertilizing the soil. 4. Forest-steppe and steppe zone Continuous agricultural development The networks of settlements are less dense, the settlements themselves are larger (up to 1000 people or more). Changing landscapes, pollution of water bodies during agricultural work The latest agrotechnical and rational technologies, land reclamation 5. Dry steppes and semi-deserts Focal agriculture near water supply sources Large villages near rivers, far from each other (like in the tundra) Changing landscapes, trampling plants, deterioration and salinization soils, water pollution. Rational use of natural resources 6. Mountain areas Recreational functions, agriculture in river valleys, animal husbandry on mountain slopes Large settlements in valleys, small settlements on mountain slopes Landscape change from recreational use, from agricultural development Rational use of recreational and agricultural resources.

Presentation for a geography lesson in grade 9

Zinovieva E.L., teacher of geography, secondary school № 18, Moscow

  • slide 2

    Lesson plan

    1. Resettlement.
    2. Types of settlements.
    3. Urbanization, the degree of urbanization.
    4. The history of the creation of Russian cities.
    5. Cities of Russia (classification by population and functions).
    6. Urban agglomeration.
    7. Rural Russia.

  • slide 3

    • Settlement is the result of the settlement process, that is, the totality of settlements in a given territory.
    • resettlement
      • single-family residential points (farms)
      • a compactly built-up area with the necessary equipment for the life and work of people

  • slide 4

    Types of settlements

    Settlements

    • rural
    • urban
    • cities
    • settlements
    • urban
    • stanitsa
    • farm
    • village
    • village

  • slide 5

    Urbanization

    • Urbanization - the growth of cities and urban population, the strengthening of their role and the spread of urban lifestyle.
    • The process of urbanization is caused by the reasons:
      • the transition from an agrarian to an industrial society due to the development of industrial production;
      • the development of non-productive city-forming activities;
      • the intensification of agriculture and the reduction of employment in it.

  • slide 6

    The history of the creation of Russian cities

    • Ancient Russia was a country of cities. The Normans called Russia
    • "Gardarikoy", i.e. "country of cities".
    • The first cities arose as early as the 1st millennium AD. In the IX century in
    • Chronicles mention the cities of Novgorod, Rostov the Great, Smolensk,
    • Moore. By the 12th century, there were already about 150 cities. During
    • Mongol-Tatar invasion, more than 2/3 of the cities were destroyed and
    • almost 1/3 of them have not been revived.
    • Novgorod the Great
    • Rostov the Great
    • Murom

  • Slide 7

    • During the time of Peter I, many new cities were founded. Everyone knows about the "window to Europe" - St. Petersburg. And under Catherine II, the territorial division of Russia was changed, 500 counties were created, for which county centers were established. Many villages (165) received city status.

  • Slide 8

    • In the 19th century, cities, as strongholds, were formed on the borders of the Russian Empire: in the Far East (Vladivostok, Blagoveshchensk), in the Caucasus (Grozny, Vladikavkaz).
    • More than 600 cities were formed after the October Revolution. Most industrial centers arose in Siberia, the North, and the Far East.

  • Slide 9

    • In the middle of the twentieth century. cities of science appeared near large cities - "science cities" (near Moscow - Dubna, Reutov, Zelenograd, Troitsk, etc.). Resort towns have grown in the Crimea, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (Yalta, Sochi). Cities appeared - centers of the military industry, the so-called closed cities (ghost cities).

  • Slide 10

    Levels of urbanization

    • slightly urbanized up to 20%
    • medium urbanized from 20 to 50%
    • highly urbanized over 50%
    • Which group of countries in terms of urbanization does Russia belong to?
    • Explain the features of urbanization in these subjects of the Russian Federation.
    • Working with Appendix No. 1 of the textbook (pp. 282-289). Using the data in the table, write out the subjects of the Russian Federation with the highest level of urbanization (85% or more) and the lowest level of urbanization (30% or less).

  • slide 11

    • Degree of urbanization

  • slide 12

    Cities of Russia

    • A city in Russia is considered a settlement with a population of at least 12 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are employees, as well as members of their families (that is, they perform mainly non-agricultural functions).
    • An urban-type settlement is considered a settlement with a population of at least 3 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are not employed in agriculture.
    • Urban residents in Russia are considered to be residents of cities and urban-type settlements.

  • slide 13

    City classification

    • Classification of cities by population:
      • small - up to 50 thousand people
      • medium - up to 100 thousand people
      • large - up to 250 thousand people
      • large - up to 500 thousand people
      • the largest - up to 1 million people
      • millionaire cities
    • In Russia, as of January 1, 2007, 1095 settlements have the status of a city

  • Slide 14

    Cities of Russia

    • Cities with a population of more than 500 thousand people.
    • Analyze the map.
    • Where are cities with a population of over 500,000 located?
    • Write in a notebook the name of the millionaire cities. How many millionaire cities are in Russia? Which regions of Russia have the most millionaire cities?

  • slide 15

    Functions of cities

    • The functions of settlements are the role, the purpose of settlements in society.
    • Classification of cities by function
      • political and administrative
      • industrial
      • transport
      • trading
      • scientific
      • military
      • recreational
    • If a city performs several functions at the same time, such a city is multifunctional.
    • Give examples of cities in Russia that perform each function and multifunctional cities.

  • slide 16

    urban agglomeration

    • Urban agglomerations are groups of closely spaced cities united by close ties: labor, cultural, industrial, infrastructure.

    • urban and rural

    population

    Presentation for a geography lesson in grade 9

    geography teacher, secondary school No. 7, Komsomolsk-on-Amur


    Plan lesson

    • Resettlement.
    • Types of settlements.
    • Urbanization, the degree of urbanization.
    • The history of the creation of Russian cities.
    • Cities of Russia (classification by population and functions).
    • Urban agglomeration.
    • Rural Russia.

    resettlement

    it is the result of the settlement process, that is, the totality of settlements in a given territory.

    resettlement

    dispersed

    settlements

    single-family residential points (farms)

    a compactly built-up area with the necessary equipment for the life and work of people


    Types of settlements

    Settlements

    rural

    urban

    village

    village

    cities

    settlements

    urban

    type

    farm

    village

    stanitsa


    Urbanization

    Urbanization - the growth of cities and urban population, the strengthening of their role and the spread of

    urban lifestyle.

    The process of urbanization is caused by the reasons:

    • the transition from an agrarian to an industrial society due to the development of industrial production;
    • the development of non-productive city-forming activities;
    • agricultural intensification

    and a reduction in employment.


    Ancient Russia was a country of cities.

    The Normans called Russia "Gardarika", i.e. "country of cities".

    The first cities arose as early as the 1st millennium AD. In the ninth century in

    Chronicles mention the cities of Novgorod, Rostov the Great, Smolensk, Murom. By the 12th century, there were already about 150 cities. During the Mongol-Tatar invasion, more than 2/3 of the cities were destroyed and

    almost 1/3 of them have not been revived.

    Novgorod the Great

    Rostov the Great


    The history of the creation of Russian cities

    During the time of Peter I, many new cities were founded. Everyone knows about the "window to Europe" - St. Petersburg. And under Catherine II, the territorial division of Russia was changed, 500 counties were created, for which county centers were established. Many villages (165) received city status.

    Petersburg


    The history of the creation of Russian cities

    In the 19th century, cities, as strongholds, were formed on the borders of the Russian Empire: in the Far East (Vladivostok, Blagoveshchensk), in the Caucasus (Grozny, Vladikavkaz).

    More than 600 cities were formed after the October Revolution. Most industrial centers arose in Siberia, the North, and the Far East.

    Blagoveshchensk

    Vladivostok


    The history of the creation of Russian cities

    In the middle of the twentieth century. cities of science appeared near large cities - "science cities" (near Moscow - Dubna, Reutov, Zelenograd, Troitsk, etc.). Resort towns have grown in the Crimea, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (Yalta, Sochi). Cities appeared - centers of the military industry, the so-called closed cities (ghost cities).


    Levels of urbanization

    !! Working with Appendix No. 1 of the textbook (pp. 282-289). Using the data in the table, write down the subjects of the Russian Federation with the highest level of urbanization (85% or more) and the lowest level of urbanization (30% or less).

    • Explain the features of urbanization in these subjects of the Russian Federation.

    Levels of urbanization

    highly urbanized

    medium urbanized

    • Which group of countries in terms of urbanization does Russia belong to?

    slightly urbanized

    from 20 to 50%

    The ratio of urban and rural population



    Cities of Russia

    Urban residents in Russia are considered to be residents of cities and urban-type settlements.

    city in Russia, they consider a settlement with a population of at least 12 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are employees, as well as members of their families (i.e., they perform mainly non-agricultural functions).

    urban-type settlement consider a settlement with a population of at least 3 thousand people, provided that 85% of its inhabitants are not employed in agriculture.

    Urban Settlement Zaoksky


    City classification

    Classification of cities by population:

    • small- up to 50 thousand people
    • medium- up to 100 thousand people
    • large- up to 250 thousand people
    • large- up to 500 thousand people
    • the largest- up to 1 million people
    • millionaire cities

    2007 1095 populated-

    points have

    city ​​status


    Cities of Russia

    Cities with a population of more than 500 thousand people.

    Analyze the map.

    Write in a notebook the name of the millionaire cities. How many millionaire cities are in Russia? Which regions of Russia have the most millionaire cities?

    Where are cities with a population of over 500,000 located?


    Functions of cities

    Functions of settlements - it is the role, the purpose of settlements in society.

    Classification of cities by function

    political and administrative

    scientific

    industrial

    military

    transport

    trading

    recreational

    If a city performs several functions at the same time, such a city - multifunctional

    Give examples of cities in Russia that perform each function and multifunctional cities.


    urban agglomeration

    Urban agglomerations - these are groups of closely located cities united by close ties: labor, cultural, social, industrial, and infrastructural.


    urban agglomeration

    !! Determine on the map around which large cities urban agglomerations have formed. What satellite cities do these cities have?


    Rural Russia

    Analyze the map. Where are most of the large rural settlements concentrated? Why?

    Zonal specificity of rural settlements.

    Rural Russia

    Practical work.

    Using the text of the textbook (Alekseev A.I., § 17), maps of the atlas, fill in the table "Features of rural settlements."

    natural areas

    natural areas

    1. Tundra and forest tundra

    Features of the economy

    Features of the economy

    1. Tundra and forest tundra

    2. Northern part of the forest zone

    Pasture reindeer herding, hunting, fishing

    The nature of rural settlement

    2. Northern part of the forest zone

    3. Southern part of the forest zone

    Logging, livestock breeding in water meadows, several% of the entire territory is plowed up.

    Ecological problems

    3. Southern part of the forest zone

    Rarely focal with large villages along the banks of rivers

    Ecological problems

    4. Forest-steppe and steppe zone

    Selective nature of agriculture, 30-40% of the territory is plowed

    Focal with large villages along the banks of rivers

    Violation and change of the landscape, trampling of vegetation

    Ways to solve them

    Ways to solve them

    4. Forest-steppe and steppe zone

    Allocation of plots for reindeer breeding, hunting licenses

    Continuous agricultural development

    The network of settlements is dense, but the settlements are small (up to 100 people)

    Destruction of the forest, destruction of landscapes, trampling of vegetation

    5. Dry steppes and semi-deserts

    5. Dry steppes and semi-deserts

    Settlement networks are less dense, the settlements themselves are larger (up to 1000 people or more).

    Changing scarce soils, trampling vegetation

    The correct technological process for logging, allocation of pastures

    Localized farming near water sources

    6.Mountainous areas

    6.Mountainous areas

    Allocation of plots for arable land and grazing, fertilizing the soil.

    Changes in landscapes, pollution of water bodies during agricultural work

    Large villages near rivers, far from each other (as in the tundra)

    Recreational functions, agriculture in the river valleys, animal husbandry on the mountain slopes

    The latest agrotechnical and rational technologies, land reclamation

    Changes in landscapes, trampling of plants, deterioration and salinization of soils, pollution of water bodies.

    Large settlements in valleys, small settlements on mountain slopes

    Change of landscapes from recreational use, from agricultural development

    Rational use of natural resources

    Rational use of recreational and agricultural resources.



    Komi-Zyrians. Komi-Permyaks. Traditional Saami clothing. Culture. Physical and geographical position. Poles. Population. Basic means of transportation. Traditional Sami crafts. Karely. Weaving. Most of the Nenets are reindeer herders. Traditional activities of the Nenets. The composition of the region. National clothes. Lovozero village. Dwelling - chum. Lopari. Karelian language. Youhikko. Saami. Karelian hut. European North.

    "Scientific Complex of Russia" - Cooperation of scientific institutions for the organization of research. 18% of scientists in the world. Technopolis -. Historical. research institutes, laboratories. Moscow. Scientific complex. Geography scientific complex. Consumers of Scientific developments are located in large cities. scientific knowledge. The contribution of Russian scientists to the development of world civilization. Factory sector. Implementation zone. Now the number of employees. Sector of higher education.

    "Omsk" - Religion. 85 religious organizations are registered. The national composition of the population according to the All-Russian census of 2010: Economics. Omsk. 56.1% of all residents live in Omsk Omsk region. Population. Coat of arms. The basis of the industry of the city is formed by enterprises of mechanical engineering, petrochemistry and aerospace industry. The description of the coat of arms read: “In the upper part of the shield, the coat of arms of Tobolsk. Major transport hub.

    "Angarsk" - Angarsk petrochemical company. Angarsk is an important pipeline transport hub. It is a city of the regional level (subordination) and the administrative center of the Angarsk region. "Angarsk is a city born of victory!". Population. Industry. The Trans-Siberian Railway and the federal highway M53 "Baikal" pass through the territory of the district. Auto, electric and rail transport also operates in Angarsk.

    "Economy of the Central Region of Russia" - Business card Central region. Industrial model of the economy. Way of landing at the computer. Describe the economy. Computer work. Wires. The cost of goods and services. Do not touch the monitor screen. A computer. District locomotive. Avoid sudden movements. The composition of the services provided in the Central region. Be careful. Safety precautions and workplace organization.

    "Peoples of Eastern Siberia" - Semeysky - Old Believers of Transbaikalia, an ethnographic group of Russians. Siberian peasants dressed with a pretense of foppery. The traditional dwelling of the Altaians is ail. Throat singing. Tuvans have retained their national identity. Peoples of Eastern Siberia. Buryat national costume. Historical and ethnographic map of Siberia. Clothing. Evenki trained deer. Small people - Evenks. Tuvans. Russians.

    - The countryside can live on its own, using fields, meadows and forests. The countryside is the custodian of tradition.

    An entry in the notebook of the concept of "settlement" (slide).

    What determines human settlement on the surface of the Earth? (slide)

    What forms of settlement can exist?

    What is the peculiarity of the rural form of settlement?

    What forms of rural settlements exist? (slide)

    List the pros and cons of living in the city and in the countryside.

    Why a rural settlement should not be large (slide).

    There are 150,000 rural settlements in Russia different type About 40 million people (27% of the country's population) live in them. Most of the rural population lives in areas with especially favorable natural and climatic conditions for agriculture (the North Caucasus).

    Areas with a high proportion of the rural population: Ingushetia, Chechnya, the Altai Republic, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Tyva (the task is to find these areas on the atlas map).

    Forms of rural settlements (slide).

    Zonal types of rural settlements. Students write in their notebooks:

    1) In the tundra zones, the population is engaged in reindeer pasture breeding, hunting and fishing - “focal settlement” is typical. 2) In the taiga zones, animal husbandry takes place in flood meadows along the rivers - “focal settlement” and small villages are typical. 3) In zones of mixed forests, up to 40% of the territory is plowed, and the distances between settlements are no more than 3 km.

    4) Zones of steppes and forest-steppes - an area of ​​​​continuous agriculture with a less dense network of settlements in which up to 30,000 people live. 5) In the semi-deserts, agriculture is again "focal" and tied to rare sources of water, and people live in river valleys. 6) In mountainous areas, rural settlements are subject to altitudinal zonation: the higher the mountains, the smaller the villages.

    State the main problem of the village.

    What do you see as a solution to this problem?

    View document content
    "Presentation for the lesson "Rural resettlement of the population" Grade 9"

    RURAL FORM OF SETTLEMENT

    - What does it depend on

    human settlement in

    the surface of the earth?

    - What forms of settlement can exist?

    - What is special

    rural form

    resettlement?


    FORMS OF SETTLEMENT This is a system of settlements that people form by mastering and populating any territory Settlement refers to the totality of settlements on some or territory that has developed in the process of its development There are two main forms of settlement:

    • rural
    • Urban

    rural settlement

    Rural life is characterized proximity to a person's place of work his place of residence. So settlements should not be large. Why?



    Republic of Altai - 76%

    - Name the capital

    Republic of Altai

    - Show Altai Republic on the map







    Forms of rural settlement

    There are two main forms of rural settlement:

    Russia is characterized by a group form of settlement, in which

    There are many rural types of settlements:

    Group (village)

    scattered (farm)

    villages

    villages

    auls

    settlements

    villages

    Camps


    NOMADAL FORM OF SETTLEMENT

    Characteristic for regions with adverse climatic conditions for agriculture. Here the population moves along with herds of their pets

    - In what subjects

    federation this form

    settlement widespread?


    ZONE TYPES OF AGRICULTURE In the tundra zones, the population is engaged in pasture reindeer herding, hunting and fishing - “focal resettlement” is typical In the taiga zones, livestock is bred in flood meadows along rivers - “focal resettlement” and small villages are typical points no more than 3 km


    ZONE TYPES OF AGRICULTURE

    Zones of steppes and forest-steppes - an area of ​​​​continuous agriculture with less a dense network of settlements in which up to 30,000 people live In the semi-deserts, agriculture is again "focal" and is tied to rare sources of water, and people live in river valleys In mountainous areas, rural settlements are subject to high-rise zonality: the higher the mountains, the smaller the villages


    SUBURBAN S/S

    Zonal pattern of rural economy is disturbed around large cities. Here is a way of life close to the city, and people doing such rural economy, which could provide residents of the city necessary food

    - What food

    will produce

    suburban rural

    economy?


    HOMEWORK

    Section 12

    Questions 2, 3, 5 (check knowledge)

    Question 2 (hard questions)