Laboratory work structure and variety of flowers. Laboratory work: The structure and variety of a flower. What are the structural features of a flower

04.05.2020

Chapter 2

Flower- a modified shortened shoot used for seed propagation. Flowers develop both at the top of the stem and in the axils of the leaves. Like any shoot, a flower develops from a bud. The stem part of the flower is represented by a pedicel and receptacle, and the calyx, corolla, stamens and pistils are formed by modified leaves.

flower structure

No matter how great the variety of flowers of the steppes surrounding the pasture, similarities can be found in their structure (Fig. 57). Pistil and stamens- the main parts of the flower. Each stamen has an anther inside which the pollen matures. The anther is located on the filament. The pistil has a stigma, style and ovary. The pistil is formed by one or more modified leaves - carpels. On the inner walls ovary contains one or more ovules from which seeds develop. Perianth is located around the stamens and pistil. In most plants, the perianth consists of two types of leaflets. The inner leaflets are the petals that make up whisk. Outer leaflets - sepals - form cup.

In some plants (apple, cabbage), the corolla of the flower consists of unfused petals. In others (yasnotka, primrose), the petals grow together at the bottom into a tube. Therefore, there are free-petal and joint-petal corollas. In some plants (carnation), the sepals grow together into a tube with their lower parts. In others (geraniums), the sepals do not grow together.

The thin stalk on which a flower sits in most plants is called pedicel, and its upper, extended part, which can take a different form, - receptacle.

The perianth, consisting of a calyx and a corolla, is called double. Apple, rose and many other plants have such a perianth. In some plants, mainly in monocots (lily, tulip), all tepals are more or less the same. Such a perianth is called simple. In some plants, the leaves of a simple perianth are large and bright, for example, in a tulip, while in others, for example, in a rush, they are inconspicuous. Willow and ash flowers do not have a perianth. They are called naked.

Donetsk ai general educational and I school of I-III stages No. 83 named after G.I. Balanova

Lesson development on the topic: sexual reproduction. The structure and variety of flowers. Laboratory work No. 9 "Structure and variety of flowers", in grade 7.

Developed by a biology teacher

Shtec Tatyana Sergeevna

Lesson #20

Subject: Sexual reproduction. The structure and variety of flowers. Laboratory work No. 9 "The structure and diversity of flowers."

Target: to acquaint students with the structure of generative organs in plants. Variety and classification of flowers and plants depending on the structure of the flower; flower symmetry.Develop mindfulness, the ability to generalize and analyze, highlight the main thing, compare. Bring up careful attitude to nature; a culture of recording when performing the practical part of the work.

Basic concepts and terms:generative organs, flower, receptacle, pedicel, perianth, calyx, corolla, stamen, pistil.

Concept: define a flower. Pay attention to the fact that the flower is practically a modified shoot. Consider the structure of the flower and the functions of individual elements. To form the concept of bisexual and dioecious flowers, as well as monoecious and dioecious plants. Consider the various forms of flowers and pay attention to the type of their symmetry.

Lesson type: interactive.

Lesson structure:

I. Organizational moment.

II. Updating of basic knowledge.

Before moving on to new topic, students are invited to recall previously studied biological concepts.

Conversation:

What is reproduction? Name the main types of reproduction.
Name all known synonyms for the definition of "sexual reproduction".
Why do you think sexual reproduction is called generative?
Do all plants have a flower? Name plants that do not have flowers.
What does a flower develop from?

III. motivation for learning activities.

The appearance of the first slide on the multimedia boardSubject: Sexual reproduction. The structure and variety of flowers. Laboratory work No. 9 "The structure and diversity of flowers."
Message to students that during the lesson they will get acquainted with the material according to the following plan (it is written on the board):

FLOWER

4 symmetry

1 modified

shoot 2 flower structure 3 classification of flowers (plants)

In parallel with explaining the topic on the blackboard, the teacher writes down new terms, concepts like a dictionary.

IV. Learning new material.

A story with elements of conversation, using problem situations.

Slide show - photographs depicting plants during the flowering period. Classical music sounds. The teacher reads a poem.

Flowers, flowers…. How many of them

And pink and blue

Like moths on thin stems.

Flowers, flowers…. Everywhere, everywhere

They smile at me all day

A living rainbow oscillating...

Flowers, flowers…. And here and there

They laugh and bloom.

Discussion of the material seen. Aesthetic value of flowers.

The study of the cherry blossom. Slide "Cherry blossom branch", " Lengthwise cut cherry blossom."

Students are asked to comment this scheme(problem situation). Slide #1.

The teacher fills in the dictionary: pistil, stamen, petal, calyx, receptacle, pedicel.

With the help of a slide - Appendix No. 2. "Morphological structure of a flower."

The teacher talks about things like:

Corolla (joint-, free-petal).
Calyx (joint-, free-leaved).
Perianth: double, simple (corolla, calyx).

Slide show - Appendix No. 3 "Tulip Flower".

The teacher fills in the dictionary: corolla, calyx, perianth. The teacher suggests returning to the study of the main parts of the flower.

The teacher reads a poem.

The flower has been preparing honey all night,

A bee - a sweetheart is waiting for a visit.

Take it, they say, but as a friend,

do me a favor

Transfer this flour dust to your neighbor ...

The bee carries it, and behold -

The flower withered and the fruit ripens.

Problem situation. Students are invited to discuss the process taking place in the flower. And to answer the question why the pistil and stamens are the main parts of the flower.

Slide demonstration - Appendix No. 4 "Microscopic structure of the stamen and pistil."

The teacher fills in the dictionary: male and female gametes.

Problem situation. Students are asked to summarize the 2 points of the lesson plan.

Flower classification:

Bisexual.
Same-sex.

Plants with unisexual flowers are divided into:

Monoecious.
Dioecious.

The teacher fills in the dictionary: bisexual, same-sex, monoecious, dioecious.

Slide Show - Appendix #5 "Corn in Bloom"

Problematic situation. Students are asked to summarize the 3 points of the lesson plan.

flower symmetry:

Actinomorphic (cherry, apple tree ...).
Zygomorphic (peas, beans ...).
Asymmetrical (chestnut, gladiolus).

The teacher fills in the dictionary: actinomorphic, zygomorphic, asymmetric.

Summing up the 4 points of the lesson plan.

V. Performing laboratory work.

Application No. 6 " instruction card» to perform laboratory work.

VI. Generalization, systematization, control of knowledge, skills and abilities of students.

Chamomile game (test yourself).

On the reverse side of the petals are written terms, concepts learned in the lesson. Students in turn are invited to tear off the petal and reveal the term or concept studied in the lesson (from the dictionary filled in at the lesson).

VII. Homework.

Paragraph 27 to teach, questions 1-7 from 115 to answer orally. Prepare Interesting Facts about flowers.

LAB #9

SUBJECT: The structure and variety of flowers.

GOAL: having studied the structure of the flower of the plant offered to you, prove that it is a reproductive organ.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS:slide image of a flower on a multimedia board, herbarium collections of flowering plants, flowers of indoor and ornamental plants, textbook.

WORKING PROCESS:

Consider a flower. Find the pedicel, receptacle, perianth, main parts of the flower.
Count the number of sepals, petals, stamens, pistils.
Determine the type of perianth, calyx, corolla.
With the help of drawings 97,98 in the textbook, study the microscopic structure of the stamen and pistil.
Describe the flower you studied according to the plan below. To do this, it is enough to emphasize the sign characteristic of your flower.

SIGN	CHARACTERISTIC
perianth type:	1. Simple. 2. Double.
Cup:	1. Separate. 2. Growth leaf
Whisk:	1. Free petal. 2. Joint-petal
Corolla color:	1. Dim. 2. White. 3. Yellow. 4. Red. 5. Pink. 6. Blue. 7. Purple.
flower symmetry:	1. Correct. 2. Wrong. 3. Asymmetrical.
Presence of stamens and pistils:	1. Bisexual. 2. Pistillate. 3. Staminate.
What is inside the anther:
What is inside the ovary:	1. Seeds. 2. Pollen grain. 3. Ovule.

CONCLUSION: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6th grade

Lab #14, 15

"The structure and functions of a flower"

Target: to consolidate knowledge about the structure of a flower as an organ of plant reproduction.

Equipment: natural objects, models of plant flowers, drawings.

Working process

Exercise 1

Consider a picture showing the structure of a flower (Handout)

Draw a picture in a notebook, sign all parts of the flower.

Task 2

Consider a model of a flower (or drawing), count the number of petals, sepals, stamens, pistils; make a flower formula and fill in the table:

plant name	Number of sepals	Number of petals	Number of stamens	Number of pestles	flower formula

Task 3.

Flowers, with which perianth are shown in the picture?

Task 4.

Answer the questions:

1 option

Define a flower.

name female organ flower. What does it consist of?

What flowers are called bisexual?

What flowers are called correct?

What flowers are called monoecious?

Option 2

Define a flower.

name male organ flower. What does it consist of?

What flowers are called dioecious?

What flowers are called irregular?

What flowers are called dioecious?

Purpose: to acquaint students with the structure of generative organs in plants. Variety and classification of flowers and plants depending on the structure of the flower; flower symmetry. Develop mindfulness, the ability to generalize and analyze, highlight the main thing, compare. Cultivate respect for nature; a culture of recording when performing the practical part of the work.

Basic concepts and terms: generative organs, flower, receptacle, pedicel, perianth, calyx, corolla, stamen, pistil.

Concept: Define a flower. Pay attention to the fact that the flower is practically a modified shoot. Consider the structure of the flower and the functions of individual elements. To form the concept of bisexual and dioecious flowers, as well as monoecious and dioecious plants. Consider the various forms of flowers and pay attention to the type of their symmetry.

Lesson type: interactive.

Lesson structure:

I. Organizational moment.

II. Updating of basic knowledge.

Before moving on to a new topic, students are encouraged to recall previously studied biological concepts.

What is reproduction? Name the main types of reproduction.
Name all known synonyms for the definition of "sexual reproduction".
Why do you think sexual reproduction is called generative?
Do all plants have a flower? Name plants that do not have flowers.
What does a flower develop from?

III. motivation for learning activities.

The appearance of the first slide on the multimedia board Topic: Sexual reproduction. The structure and variety of flowers. Laboratory work No. 9 "The structure and diversity of flowers."
Message to students that during the lesson they will get acquainted with the material according to the following plan (it is written on the board):

4 symmetry

1 modified

shoot 2 flower structure 3 classification of flowers (plants)

In parallel with explaining the topic on the blackboard, the teacher writes down new terms, concepts like a dictionary.

IV. Learning new material.

A story with elements of conversation, using problem situations.

Slide show - photographs depicting plants during the flowering period. Classical music sounds. The teacher reads a poem.

Flowers, flowers…. How many of them

And pink and blue

Like moths on thin stems.

Flowers, flowers…. Everywhere, everywhere

They smile at me all day

A living rainbow oscillating...

Flowers, flowers…. And here and there

They laugh and bloom.

Discussion of the material seen. Aesthetic value of flowers.

The study of the cherry blossom. Slide “Cherry blossom branch”, “Longitudinal section of a cherry flower”.

Students are invited to comment on this scheme (problem situation). Slide - application number 1.

The teacher fills in the dictionary: pistil, stamen, petal, calyx, receptacle, pedicel.

With the help of a slide - application No. 2. "Morphological structure of a flower."

The teacher talks about things like:

Corolla (joint-, free-petal).
Calyx (joint-, free-leaved).
Perianth: double, simple (corolla, calyx).

Slide show - Appendix No. 3 "Tulip Flower".

The teacher fills in the dictionary: corolla, calyx, perianth. The teacher suggests returning to the study of the main parts of the flower.

The teacher reads a poem.

The flower has been preparing honey all night,

A bee - a sweetheart is waiting for a visit.

Take it, they say, but as a friend,

do me a favor

Transfer this flour dust to your neighbor ...

The bee carries it, and behold -

The flower withered and the fruit ripens.

Problematic situation. Students are invited to discuss the process taking place in the flower. And to answer the question why the pistil and stamens are the main parts of the flower.

Slide demonstration - Appendix No. 4 "Microscopic structure of the stamen and pistil."

The teacher fills in the dictionary: male and female gametes.

Problematic situation. Students are asked to summarize the 2 points of the lesson plan.

Flower classification:

Bisexual.
Same-sex.

Plants with unisexual flowers are divided into:

· Single-family.

· Dioecious.

The teacher fills in the dictionary: bisexual, same-sex, monoecious, dioecious.

Slide Show - Appendix #5 "Corn During Flowering"

Problematic situation. Students are asked to summarize the 3 points of the lesson plan.

flower symmetry:

Actinomorphic (cherry, apple tree ...).
Zygomorphic (peas, beans ...).
Asymmetrical (chestnut, gladiolus).

The teacher fills in the dictionary: actinomorphic, zygomorphic, asymmetric.

Summing up the 4 points of the lesson plan.

V. Performing laboratory work.

Appendix No. 6 "Instructive card" for performing laboratory work.

VI. Generalization, systematization, control of knowledge, skills and abilities of students.

Chamomile game (test yourself).

VII. Homework.

Paragraph 27 to teach, questions 1-7 from 115 to answer orally. Prepare interesting facts about flowers.

LAB #9

TOPIC: The structure and diversity of flowers.

PURPOSE: having studied the structure of the flower of the plant proposed to you, prove that it is a reproductive organ.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS: a slide image of a flower on a multimedia board, herbarium collections of flowering plants, flowers of indoor and ornamental plants, a textbook.

WORKING PROCESS:

Consider a flower. Find the pedicel, receptacle, perianth, main parts of the flower.
Count the number of sepals, petals, stamens, pistils.
Determine the type of perianth, calyx, corolla.
With the help of drawings 97,98 in the textbook, study the microscopic structure of the stamen and pistil.
Describe the flower you studied according to the plan below. To do this, it is enough to emphasize the sign characteristic of your flower.

	CHARACTERISTIC
perianth type:	1. Simple. 2. Double.
	1. Separate. 2. Growth leaf
	1. Free petal. 2. Joint-petal
Corolla color:	1. Dim. 2. White. 3. Yellow. 4. Red. 5. Pink. 6. Blue. 7. Purple.
flower symmetry:	1. Correct. 2. Wrong. 3. Asymmetrical.
Presence of stamens and pistils:	1. Bisexual. 2. Pistillate. 3. Staminate.
What is inside the anther:
What is inside the ovary:	1. Seeds. 2. Pollen grain. 3. Ovule.