Homogeneous members of a sentence with a common secondary. Homogeneous members of the proposal. How to underline homogeneous members
When you need to more accurately characterize an object or phenomenon (or their properties), describe them more specifically and expressively, intelligibly, so that the interlocutor more fully understands your thought, homogeneous members of the sentence come to your aid. Without them, your thought will lose its completeness and clarity.
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Homogeneous Members─ these are characteristics that are related exclusively to one object, in a sentence they will be subordinated to only one word. They describe different aspects of the same person, action or quality.
I love bread, especially wheat and rye.
In that simple sentence with homogeneous members are adjectives"rye" and "wheat". In another example:
The street became brighter from sunlight and smiles.
─ this nouns.
But homogeneous members may be any part of speech verb, noun, adverb.
We worked, strained and worked hard at this construction site of the century.
How to identify homogeneous groups of sentence words in a simple sentence
It is very easy to define such members of a sentence. They are subordinate only to the word that characterizes, they can be attributed the same question. However, they are independent of each other.
Lena loves dancing, rhythmic music and fitness.
In this case, these are words related to the subject "Lena" and answering the question of what exactly she likes. They are nouns. If one or another addition is removed from the example, the meaning of the sentence will not change, but we will learn less about Lena's tastes. At the same time, homogeneous members can be main in the sentence or secondary.
For example:
Isolation of homogeneous members
In a sentence, homogeneous words can be distinguished using:
It is important to remember that commas must be placed before the second union when you write a sentence in which the words are connected in this way!
How to emphasize homogeneous members?
When analyzing a sentence in a written text, homogeneous members are emphasized in the same way, depending on what function they perform in the sentence. Predicates are underlined as predicates (double solid line), definitions are underlined as definitions (wavy), and so on.
It is important to remember that in the analyzed text in one phrase there may be several groups of homogeneous words at once, while they may well be different parts of speech.
Hyacinths, crocuses and azaleas in this park were fragrant and intoxicated my head with their smell.
In this simple phrase, quickly two groups are defined: three subjects and two predicates. The first group should be underlined as subjects (nouns, color names), the second group of words ─ as predicates, with two solid words.
Phraseological turns
With phraseological turns, you will find a more difficult case in terms of punctuation. Remember that commas are never used in fixed phrases. There are not so many of them, you can just memorize them:
- Both old and young.
- Neither fish nor fowl.
- Etc.
You just need to analyze the text very carefully and train your own memory on phraseological units. Not such a difficult thing!
Topic: Homogeneous secondary members of a sentence
Description of work: this development is intended for conducting a lesson in the Russian language in the 4th grade according to the educational and methodological complex "Planet of Knowledge".
Topic: Homogeneous secondary members of the sentence.
Goals and objectives of the lesson.
Education: teach children to find and distinguish between homogeneous main and homogeneous secondary members of a sentence
Developing: develop logical thinking, memory, attention, speech, language flair, interest in the subject of the Russian language among students, creative abilities.
Educational: educate accuracy, discipline, positive traits personality.
Equipment: textbook, notebooks, cards, PC, multimedia projector, screen.
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment.
The lesson starts
He will go to the guys for the future,
Try to understand everything
Learn to unlock secrets
To get a job
Only a rating of "five"!
2. Individual work on cards.
To the east ... uh ... the half-bright sky of snows ... g ... ra was blowing up. Another ... tormenting dark forest rose at its foot. In some places, on the tops of .. d ... reviev, a long line of pale fog was still neighing. The day was slowly advancing into the depths of the l ... sleepy h ... cabbage soup. And the toothed comb of the g...ry bathed in ... the waves of the ... l ... of that son ... ntz.
Answer. In the east, a snowy mountain rose up under the blue sky. A dense dark forest rose at its foot. Here and there a long line of pale mist still lingered on top of the trees. The day slowly moved into the depths of the forest thicket. And the jagged crest of the mountain bathed in the waves of the golden sun.
3. A minute of calligraphy.
Words with missing letters are written on the board.
SH...FER, V...GON, V...KZAL
Find something common in these words?
(Nouns. Each word has the spelling "Unchecked unstressed vowel")
If you find something superfluous among these words and name the sign with which you found it, you will recognize the topic of calligraphy. (“Superfluous” word CAR.
In the words SCHAFER, STATION STATION, the non-verifiable unstressed vowel O, and in the word VAGON, the non-verifiable unstressed vowel A.)
So, we will write the letter A in calligraphy.
We will write the vowel A with the letters that occur in the last two
words. (wa, ag, al)
4. Vocabulary and spelling minute.
Add as many letters as you need to these words to make m words. Write down these words.
Bgzh, vsm, drvn, zvtrk, krndsh, class, mgzn, psszhr, rsskz, trmvy.
(Luggage, eight, village, breakfast, pencil, class, shop, passenger, story, tram)
Check.
5. Determining the topic of the lesson.
Listen to the poem and think what is the topic of our lesson?
The hostess once came from the market,
The hostess brought home from the market
Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, peas,
Parsley and beets. Oh!..
Y. Tuwim
Are there words here that we pronounce with an enumeration intonation?
What are the names of the members of the sentence that we pronounce with the intonation of enumeration? (homogeneous members of the sentence)
Try to formulate the topic of our lesson?
Homogeneous members of the proposal can be both main and secondary members of the proposal. And the goal of our today's lesson is to learn how to identify homogeneous secondary members of a sentence and highlight them in a sentence.
6. Work on a new theme.
Read the sentences.
Fields, forests, meadows come to life. (Nominative)
The sun illuminated the fields, forests, meadows. (Accusative)
What words sound the same?
In what case are the words in the 1st sentence, in the 2nd sentence?
Sort the proposals by members. What mistake can be made when parsing a sentence? (same form of the word)
On what grounds are the secondary members of the sentence determined? (answer questions of indirect cases)
Which of these suggestions is not common? Common?
Observe which member of the sentence can still be homogeneous members? (minor)
Draw a diagram of the second sentence.
Make a conclusion.
Compare your output with the output in the textbook?
Have you correctly concluded homogeneous members suggestions?
Read the output in the textbook on p.108.
7. Physical education minute.
8. Consolidation of the studied material.
Using the rule, let's do exercise 245 on p.109 with commentary.
9. Independent work on the slide.
Guys, Dunno made mistakes while writing. Let's help him.
Write off. Find homogeneous terms. Emphasize. How are they related? Find bugs.
In October birches and hazels turned golden.
Fallen leaves swirl and fall to the ground.
Aspen leaves do not turn yellow but redden.
Snow covered meadows, fields, forests.
(1 person explains orally at the blackboard)
10. Bottom line.
What new did you learn about the homogeneous members of the sentence?
With what new knowledge do you leave the lesson?
What did you know before this lesson? What do you know now?
11. Evaluation.
12. Homework.
§ 1 Homogeneous main members of the sentence
In this lesson, we will consider which members of a sentence are homogeneous.
The word "homogeneous" means - belonging to the same genus, category, the same. Homogeneous are members of a sentence that answer the same question, refer to the same member of the sentence. Homogeneous members are pronounced with enumeration intonation.
Any members of the sentence can be homogeneous. Consider the case when the main members of the sentence are homogeneous - the subject and the predicate.
For example:
In this sentence, the subject cranes and geese act as homogeneous members. They answer the question who? associated with the predicate, they leave and are expressed by the same part of speech - nouns.
Homogeneous members in this sentence are the predicates flown and raised, which answer the question what did you do? associated with the subject wind and expressed by verbs.
From these examples it can be seen that the homogeneous main members of the sentence are expressed in words of the same part of speech, but sometimes you can also find this option:
Here homogeneous subjects are expressed by nouns and pronouns, but they all answer the question who? associated with the predicate let's go and are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration.
§ 2 Homogeneous minor members of the sentence
Homogeneous members in a sentence can be not only the main members, but also secondary ones. They, like the main ones, also answer the same question, are usually expressed by the same part of speech, enter into a phrase with the same main word.
I love (what?) sweets, ice cream and marmalade. These homogeneous members explain the predicate love, answer the question what? and expressed by nouns.
Day (what?) bright, sunny. These homogeneous members are associated with the subject day, answer the question what? and expressed by adjectives.
He pounded (how?) quickly and cheerfully. Homogeneous terms answer the question how? associated with the predicate, expressed by adverbs.
Homogeneous minor members can be associated with other minor members.
Book (what?) Interesting and useful. In this sentence, homogeneous members explain a minor member of the book.
In oral speech, we pronounce homogeneous terms with the intonation of enumeration. In a letter, homogeneous members are separated by a comma. If there is a union between two homogeneous members and, then a comma is not put.
In the first sentence there is no union I. Homogeneous secondary members white, red, black are separated by commas. In the second sentence, the homogeneous secondary members of lingonberries and blueberries are connected by a union and, therefore, a comma is not placed between them.
A proposal may contain several groups of homogeneous members.
There are two groups of main homogeneous members here: the subjects Petya and Dima and the predicates sat and drew.
There are two groups of homogeneous secondary members here: likes (what?) are strong and hardy, they carry (how?) quickly and easily.
Please note that homogeneous secondary members explain the same word in the sentence.
Consider the proposal:
There are two minor members here: a large one and a small one. Both answer the question what? both are expressed by adjectives. But the word big is connected with the subject lion, and the word small explains another subject Totoshka, so these minor members are not homogeneous.
Also, the repeated words in the sentence are not homogeneous: I run, I run, I run. The train carried us forward, forward, forward.
The role of homogeneous members of a sentence in our speech is not only enumeration. They make the story more interesting, allow you to talk about several actions, objects or their signs at once.
§ 3 Brief summary of the topic of the lesson
Homogeneous can be both main and secondary members of the proposal. Homogeneous members answer the same question, refer to the same member of the sentence, are pronounced with the intonation of enumeration. Homogeneous minor terms can explain both the main and other minor terms. If two minor members are connected by the union and, then a comma is not placed between them.
List of used literature:
- Buneev R.N., Buneeva E.V. Russian language. Textbook for grade 3. – M.: Balass, 2012.
- Buneeva E.V., Yakovleva M.A. Guidelines to the textbook "Russian language", grade 3. – M.: Balass, 2014. – 208s.
- Razumovskaya M.M., Lvova S.I., Kapinos V.I. and others. Russian language. Textbook for grade 5. - M .: Bustard, 2006. - 301s.
- Rosenthal D.E., Telenkova M.A. Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. - M.: Enlightenment, 1985. - 400s
- Isaeva N.E. Russian language workbook for grade 3.– M.: Balass, 2012.–78p.
Used images:
The secondary members of the sentence, forming a composed series of word forms, necessarily turn out to be subordinate, since they show the same syntactic dependence on the same member of the sentence (main or secondary) or the entire sentence as a whole, if they occupy the position of the determinant. For example, dependence on the verb-predicate: So we quietly and peacefully walked out of the theater(Sol.); dependence on the predicative basis in general: In the remote taiga, in the cold tundra, in the loose sands of hot deserts and among the rocky mountains, thousands of builders began to appear, cities arose.(Closed).
Homogeneous additions refer to the same word, are in the same relationship to it and have the form of the same case: That evening, Alexander Blok noted in his diary this smoke, these colors(Nab.); There was almost nowhere to hide from the rain and wind(Sim.).
Homogeneous additions can also be expressed by the infinitive: It was ordered to come to the exam on time and report to the group.
Homogeneous circumstances , revealing the same syntactic dependence, as a rule, are combined by the same meaning (time, place, cause, mode of action, etc.): It must have been from this foreign air, from the dead streets and dampness of the rain that I felt completely alone.(Paust.) - three circumstances of the cause; His speech flowed heavily, but freely.(M. G.) - two circumstances of the mode of action; Between the windows and along the walls hung about a dozen tiny wooden cages...(T.) - two circumstances of the place. However, it is sometimes possible to combine dissimilar circumstances, provided that the meaning of the combined words is generalized: Somewhere, once I heard these words, Why and why do I need to be here? In this case, they are not homogeneous, although they show a coordinating connection.
Circumstances can produce a rather complex semantic association: In the quietest winter, on some scarlet dawn in the evening you foresee the spring of light(Prishv.).
Homogeneous circumstances can be both morphologized and designed in different ways: My heart started beating hard and fast (Paust.); The leaves on the trees trembled from this laugh or because that the wind kept rushing through the garden(M. G.); ... The lady explained in a quiet voice and without looking up (M. G.); Makar in time and without much effort ripped open the door(Shol.).
Homogeneous definitions equally depend on the same defined word and are directly connected with it, i.e., they enter into a parallel syntactic relationship with each other with enumeration relations. Homogeneous definitions can be consistent and inconsistent. Both of them can be combined in one composed row. Examples: The visitor threw back his hood, revealing a completely wet head with hair stuck to the forehead (Bulg.); ...Earthy faces covered patches of blush, irritation and anger (Seraph.); Ahead was the commandant, an old man kind and tall (P.);