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English and American film actor, composer, screenwriter and director Charlie Chaplin is a prime example of a successful and great person. He created the unique image of "tramp Charlie", which became popular throughout the world in the era of silent films.
Brief biography of Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin (full name - Charles Spencer Chaplin Jr.) born April 16, 1889 in the British capital London.
His father - Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. pop actor, songwriter, singer with a chic baritone, was popular in Europe and America.
His mother - Hanna Chaplin(stage name - Lily Gurley), pop actress who performed with songs and dances in various theaters in Europe. She worked with famous composers and authors of operettas (Gilbert, Sullivan).
Five year old actor
At the age of 5 years(1894) Charlie Chaplin Jr. first appeared on stage, replacing his mother in one of the musicals, who lost her voice due to problems with the larynx. Charlie received a standing ovation from the audience that evening.
Charlie lived backstage at the music hall, rarely attended school, and was virtually illiterate. Sometimes he worked: as a newspaper seller, as a doctor's assistant, in a printing house, but he did not stay anywhere for a long time.
Work in the theater
At the age of 14, Charlie Chaplin got a job in the theater and a small role as a messenger. in Sherlock Holmes. Since he could not read, he taught the words of his role with the help of his brother, who was literate. Then he performed in variety shows, took violin lessons, read a lot, catching up.
Success on stage
In 1908 Charles Spencer managed to catch his luck: he became an actor Theater Carnot, who prepared sketches and pantomimes for music halls. Thanks to his talent and charisma, Chaplin very soon became one of the best theater actors.
In 1910, together with the troupe, he went on tour in the United States. During one of his performances, he was noticed by film producer Mac Sennett. He liked Charlie's game, and in 1912 he invited the artist to his Keystone Film studio. This was a turning point for the actor.
The famous image of the "tramp"
Arriving at Sennett's studio, Charlie built an image from improvised props that will make him famous all over the world in the future - the image of a tramp in a bowler hat, with a business card, a cane and shoes with an elongated nose. In this form, he appeared before the master.
The producer liked the image, but since Charlie was too young, it was decided to glue a mustache on him. The little tramp immediately fell in love with the public. Success inspired and brought money.
Most Expensive American Actor
Tramp Charlie turned out to be a very profitable way. In 1914, Chaplin received 150 dollars a week, then 150 thousand, and in 1917, in an actor's contract with the studio " First National Pictures» already indicated the amount 1 million dollars .
So at the age of 28, Charlie Chaplin became the most expensive American silent film actor.
Chaplin director
In 1919 Chaplin created own studio and started making short films. In 1921 he made his most famous feature film "Baby" about the adventures of a beggar tramp and a little foundling.
Comedy episodes were combined in the film with lyrical ones, the drama of the plot was harsh social criticism. The film became a landmark both for Chaplin's work and for all silent cinema.
After shooting his first film, the famous actor and newly minted director - Charlie Chaplin - went on a tour of Europe.
The sound film era
Silent cinema brought fame to Chaplin, and although sound appeared in films as early as 1927, Charlie remained true to the old film technique for another decade. Chaplin's first all-sound picture was "The Great Dictator"- anti-Hitler film, filmed in 1940. This was the last film to use the character of the tramp Charlie.
Honorary Oscar
Charlie Chaplin won 3 Honorary Oscars:
- In 1929 - for his work on the film " Circus»;
- In 1972 - for his invaluable contribution to cinema, thanks to which " cinema has become an art».
- In 1973 - for the best soundtrack to the film "Ramp Lights".
Other awards and honors
List of some other awards and prizes that Charles Spencer Chaplin Jr. received during his lifetime:
- In 1941 - the film " Great dictator” became a nominee for the Oscar in 3 nominations at once.
- In 1948 - the film " Monsieur Verdu was nominated for an Oscar.
- In 1972 - at the Venice Film Festival, the award " Golden Lion for his contribution to world cinema.
- In 1975 he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
- In 1977 - the prize of the British Academy man of the year.
Death
Charlie Chaplin passed away December 25, 1977 in a dream. His body was originally buried in the local (not far from the actor's house) cemetery in the Swiss city of Vevey. He was then reburied in May 1978 at the Meruz Cemetery in Corsier-sur-Vevey.
Charlie Chaplin, byname of Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, (born April 16, 1889, England-died December 25, 1977, Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland), British comedian, producer, writer, director, and composer who is widely regarded as the greatest comic artist of the screen and one of the most important figures in motion-picture history.
Why is Charlie Chaplin important?
Comedian, actor, producer, writer, and director Charlie Chaplin is widely regarded as the greatest comic artist of the screen and one of the most important figures in . In 1972 he received a special for “the incalculable effect he has had on making motion pictures the art form of this century.”
What is Charlie Chaplin remembered for?
Charlie Chaplin is best remembered for his recurring character “the Little Tramp.” Outfitted in a too-small coat, too-large pants, floppy shoes, and a battered derby, Tramp was shunned by polite society and unlucky in love but ever a survivor. Audiences loved his cheekiness, his deflation of pomposity, his unexpected gallantry, and his resilience.
What were Charlie Chaplin's achievements?
Charlie Chaplin starred in, wrote, and directed some of the most memorable films in motion-picture history, including (1921), (1925), (1931), (1936), (1940), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award as best actor, Monsieur Verdoux(1947), and (1952).
What was Charlie Chaplin's childhood like?
brown brothersIn truth, Chaplin did not always portray a tramp; in many of his films his character was employed as a waiter, store clerk, stagehand, fireman, and the like. His character might be better described as the quintessential misfit-shunned by polite society, unlucky in love, jack-of-all-trades but master of none. He was also a survivor, forever leaving past sorrows behind, jauntily shuffling off to new adventures. The Tramp's appeal was universal: audiences loved his cheekiness, his deflation of pomposity, his casual savagery, his unexpected gallantry, and his resilience in the face of adversity. Some historians have traced the Tramp’s origins to Chaplin’s Dickensian childhood, while others have suggested that the character had its roots in the motto of Chaplin’s mentor, Fred Karno: “Keep it wistful , gentlemen, keep it wistful.” Whatever the case, within months after his movie debut, Chaplin was the screen’s biggest star.
His 35 Keystone comedies can be regarded as the Tramp's gestation period, during which a caricature became a character. The films improved steadily once Chaplin became his own director. In 1915 he left Sennett to accept a $1,250-weekly contract at Essanay Studios. It was there that he began to inject elements of pathos into his comedy, notably in such shorts as The Tramp(1915) and Burlesque on Carmen(1915). He moved on to an even more lucrative job ($670,000 per year) at the Mutual Company Film Corporation. There, during an 18-month period, he made the 12 two-reelers that many regard as his finest films, among them such gems as One A.M. (1916), The Rink (1916), The Vagabond(1916), and Easy Street(1917). It was then, in 1917, that Chaplin found himself attacked for the first (though hardly the last) time by the press. He was criticized for not enlisting to fight in . To aid the war effort, Chaplin raised funds for the troops via bond drives.
In 1918 Chaplin jumped studios again, accepting a $1 million offer from the First National Film Corporation for eight shorts. That same year he married 16-year-old film extra Mildred Harris-the first in a procession of child brides. For his new studio he made shorts such as Shoulder Arms(1918) and The Pilgrim(1923) and his first starring feature, (1921), which starred the irresistible as the kid befriended and aided by the Little Tramp. Some have suggested that the increased dramatic content of those films is symptomatic of Chaplin's efforts to justify the praise lavished upon him by the critical intelligentsia. A painstaking perfectionist, he began spending more and more time on the preparation and production of each film. In his personal life too, Chaplin was particular. Having divorced Mildred in 1921, Chaplin married in 1924 16-year-old Lillita MacMurray, who shortly would become known to the world as film star Lita Grey. (They would be noisily divorced in 1927.)
From 1923 through 1929 Chaplin made only three features: A Woman of Paris(1923), which he directed but did not star in (and his only drama); (1925), widely regarded as his masterpiece; and (1928), an underrated film that may rank as his funniest. All three were released by , the company cofounded in 1919 by Chaplin, husband-and-wife superstars and , and director . of the three films, is one of the most-memorable films of the silent era. Chaplin placed the Little Tramp in the epic setting of the Yukon, amid bears, snowstorms, and a fearsome prospector (Mack Swain); his love interest was a beautiful dance-hall queen (Georgia Hale). The scene in which the Tramp must eat his shoe to stay alive epitomizes the film's blend of rich comedy and well-earned pathos.
Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the silent era. He is mostly famous for his screen persona "the t ramp" . Born on April 16, 1889 in London, Chaplin is considered one of the most important figures in the history of the film industry. He had been a productive and creative film maker for about 75 years before he died in 1977.
early life
Chaplin suffered from poverty and hardship in his childhood. He was sent to a workhouse twice before the age of nine. His mother struggled financially when his father was absent. When he was 14, his mother was sent to a mental asylum.
Career
Chaplin's first performances were at music halls as a stage actor and comedian at the age of 19. He went to the USA where he was scouted for the film industry, and began appearing in 1914 for Keystone Studios. He soon developed the Tramp persona and formed a large fan base. Chaplin directed his own films from an early stage, and continued to hone his craft.. By 1918, he was one of the best known figures in the film industry.
Chaplin wrote, directed, produced, edited, starred in, and composed the music for most of his films. He was a perfectionist, and his financial independence enabled him to spend years on the development and production of a picture.
In 1919, Chaplin co-founded the distribution company United Artists, which gave him complete control over his films. His first feature length was:
- The Kid (1921),
- A Woman of Paris (1923),
- The Gold Rush (1925),
- and The Circus (1928).
In the 1930s, Chaplin refused to move to sound films. He produced instead:
- city lights (1931)
- and Modern Times (1936)
Both without dialogue.
Later his films became more political by producing. The Great Dictator(1940) where he satirized Adolf Hitler.
Controversy
The 1940s were a decade marked with controversy for Chaplin, and his popularity declined rapidly. He was accused of communist sympathies, while his involvement in a paternity suit and marriages to much younger women caused scandal. An FBI investigation was opened, and Chaplin was forced to leave the United States and settle in Switzerland.
His latest films
Charlie Chaplin abandoned the Tramp in his later films, which include Monsieur Verdoux (1947), Limelight (1952), A King in New York(1957), and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967).
Award
In 1972, as part of a renewed appreciation for his work, Chaplin received an Honorary Academy Award for:
"the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century".
Chaplin had blue eyes Chaplin was the lefthander, and he even played the violin with the left hand Once Chaplin incognito took part in a competition of doubles of the Tramp. Under one version he took the second place in third the competition, under other version the, under the third version the fifth. interesting facts
Chaplin himself was the author of some aphorisms – short popular expressions. Here some of them: I believe that the power of laughter and tears can become an antidote with hatred and fear Life is a tragedy when you see its close up, and a comedy when you look at it from afar The saddest thing that can be in a life is a habit to luxury
The most creative man Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential people during an epoch of mute cinema. Chaplin's creativity was greatly influenced by the French comedian Max Linder to whom he devoted one of the films.
In 2008 Martin Stiff in the review of the book Chaplin: life wrote: “Chaplin was not simply a big person, he was the giant. In 1915 he rushed into the world as if a ghost with the gift of a comedy, laughter and the help when all ran around like a mad in the First World War, and during the following 25 years both during Great depression and during Adolph Hitler" s eminence, he continued creating … Hardly ever any other person can bring more pleasure, pleasure and simplification while the majority of people needs them so.”
Early years in England () Charlie Chaplin was born in London in a family of actors of Music Hall. His parents Charles Spencer Chaplin- senior and Hanna Chaplin (on a scene Poured Gerli) were various actors.
The first steps in art At the end of 1898 Chaplin joined the children "s dancing group "Eight Lancashire Guys". On Christmas of 1900 "Lancashire Guys" he took part in a pantomime "Cinderella". Chaplin was in a suit of a cat and had an opportunity to make spectators laugh for the first time. In the spring of 1901 Chaplin left "Lancashire Guys". Charlie seldom attended school, he worked as the seller of newspapers, the assistant of a doctor, in a printing house etc. .
The first success In 1903 at the age of 14 years he received a permanent job at the theater and a role in the play "Sherlock Holmes". At this time Chaplin was almost illiterate.
During several years Charlie also played in a variety show. From 16 years he regularly played the violin for 416 hours per day. On February, 21st, 1908 he received a place of an actor in the theatrical enterprise of Fred Karno and soon became one of the main actors in a number of performances.
The first years in the USA () From September, 1910 till June, 1912 Chaplin with Karnos troupe was on tours in the USA. At this time he made a decision to remain in this country. He was invited to work in Keystone Studios with the salary in 150 dollars a week. Gradually pictures with the young actor began to make profit, and Chaplin became one of film studio stars. Then Chaplin decided to make films himself.
Activity in United Artists (In 1921 Chaplin traveled to Europe and had a great success in London and Paris. In Berlin nobody knew him as Chaplin's films weren't shown in the post-war Germany. The glory to Chaplin was brought by mute cinema and though the sound had appeared in films in 1927, Charlie remained true to the old film techniques even the whole decade.
The beginning of persecutions in the USA In 1952 Chaplin created a film "Festoon Lightings". On September, 17th, 1952 Chaplin went to London on the world premiere of this film, and the Head of FBI Edgar Hoover banned the return entrance of the actor to the USA. Chaplin lodged in Switzerland, in a small town.
"The King in New York" In 1957 Chaplin stared in the film "The King in New York". In 1964 Chaplin published the memoirs which he laid down in a basis of a biographic feature film "Chaplin".
"Rehabilitation" In 1972 Chaplin received an honorable "Oscar" for the second time. For this purpose he arrived to the USA for a short time. He was given out only limited visa. On March, 4th, 1975 Chaplin was devoted in knights by Queen Elizabeth II. 26
Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on April 16, 1889 in London to Kennington Rod, 287. His parents - Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. and Hanna Chaplin (on Lily Gerli "s scene), were various actors. Mother made songs and dances at various theaters, including in an enterprise of famous composers, authors of popular operettas - Gilberta and Sallivena. The father - the owner of a pleasant baritone - was in the mid-eighties very popular in the London music halls. He repeatedly had to go on tour in Europe, he acted and in New York. In its repertoire also the songs composed by him met. Scenic career of Charles Spencer Chaplin ended tragically: he lost a voice, lost engagement, began to drink and died in 1894 in the London hospital of St. Foma.
Hanna Chaplin soon after death of the husband was seriously ill. In 1896 it's lost mind. Her sons, Cyd and Charlie, were compelled to earn a living independently.
Than only little Charlie hadn't to be engaged! He traded in newspapers, worked in a hairdressing salon, at plant of glass products...
Creative abilities were shown at Charlie very much early. The kid was only two years old when he was learned to a tap dance at the father and to execution of a variety of songs at mother.
Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on April 16, 1889 in London at 287 Kennington Road. His parents, Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin (on stage Lily Gurley), were stage actors. Mother performed with songs and dances in various theaters, including in the entreprise of famous composers, authors of popular operettas - Gilbert and Sullivan. Father - the owner of a pleasant baritone - was very popular in London's music halls in the mid-80s. He repeatedly had to tour in Europe, he performed in New York. In his repertoire there were also songs composed by himself. The stage career of Charles Spencer Chaplin ended tragically: he lost his voice, lost his engagement, began to drink and died in 1894 in the London hospital of St. Thomas.
Hannah Chaplin fell seriously ill shortly after her husband's death. In 1896 she lost her mind. Her sons, Sid and Charlie, were forced to earn their own living.
What little Charlie had to do! He sold newspapers, worked at a hairdresser's, at a glass factory...
Charlie showed his creative abilities very early. The kid was only two years old when he learned tap dancing from his father and performing pop songs from his mother.